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Indu S. R., Aparna, Sharan S. Sargod, Sham S. Bhat, Shamjith Manikkoth y N. Ramakrishnan. "Effectiveness of chitosan mouthwash on plaque formation and levels of salivary Streptococcus and Lactobacillus count: an in vivo study". International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, n.º 11 (22 de octubre de 2019): 2416. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20194777.
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Background: The objectives of the present study were to clinically evaluate the effectiveness of chitosan mouthwash on Plaque formation and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity against salivary Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus (LB).Methods: A total of 20 participants with decay-missing-filled index ≥4 and simplified oral hygiene index score >1.3 were recruited for the study after taking informed consent. All the participants were provided a bottle of chitosan mouthwash in addition to their usual oral hygiene procedure. Baseline salivary SM and LB levels were determined, using chair-side CRT® bacteria test prior giving chitosan mouthwash and after 14 days, during which children are advised to use 10 ml of mouthwash for 60 seconds two times daily. Plaque index score recorded using Silness and Loe plaque index. Paired t-test (or corresponding non-parametric) and percentage comparison method using cross tables were used for statistical analysis.Results: The baseline plaque index score of 0.758 and after 14 days of mouthwash use, it reduced to 0.434. The mean difference in the plaque index showed significant reduction in the plaque score (i.e., with the difference of 0.324). The results showed the antiplaque effects with a short duration of 14 days use of chitosan (CH) mouthwash. The antibacterial activity demonstrated a range of inhibitory effect on salivary SM and LB.Conclusions: CH showed an evident strong effect against salivary SM and LB levels and controlling the plaque biofilm formation. So water soluble CH can be used in new formulations for oral applications not only as antimicrobial agent but also for plaque biofilm control.
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Sun, Tingzhen, Nan Gui, Xingtuan Yang, Jiyuan Tu y Shengyao Jiang. "Pseudo-potential MRT - thermal LB simulation of flow boiling in vertical tubes". Heat and Mass Transfer 54, n.º 10 (17 de abril de 2018): 3035–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00231-018-2329-z.
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Buser, Michael, Derek Whitelock, Clif Boykin y Gregory Holt. "Mote Trash System Particulate Emission Factors for Cotton Gins: Particle Size Distribution Characteristics". Journal of Cotton Science 19, n.º 3 (noviembre de 2015): 567–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/vqhi9732.
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This report is part of a project to characterize cotton gin emissions from the standpoint of total particulate stack sampling and particle size analyses. In 2006 and again in 2013, the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a more stringent National Ambient Air Quality Standard for particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 2.5 µm (PM2.5). This created an urgent need to collect additional cotton gin emissions data to address current regulatory issues, because EPA AP-42 cotton gin PM2.5 emission factors were limited. In addition, current EPA AP-42 emission factor quality ratings for cotton gin PM10 (particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 10 µm) data are questionable, being extremely low. The objective of this study was to characterize particulate emissions for mote trash systems from cotton gins across the cotton belt based on particle size distribution analysis of total particulate samples from EPA-approved stack sampling methods. Average measured of PM2.5, PM6, and PM10 emission factors based on the mass and particle size analyses of EPA Method 17 total particulate filter and wash samples from two gins (6 total test runs) were 0.00031 kg/227-kg bale (0.00068 lb/500-lb bale), 0.0023 kg/bale (0.0051 lb/bale), and 0.0042 kg/bale (0.0093 lb/bale), respectively. The mote trash system particle size distributions were characterized by an average mass median diameter of 23.9 µm (aerodynamic equivalent diameter). Based on system average emission factors, the ratio of PM2.5 to total particulate was 1.75%, PM6 to total particulate was 13.3%, and PM10 to total particulate was 24.2%.
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McIntosh, Amy L. y Christopher McLeod. "Local Infiltration Anesthesia with Liposomal Bupivacaine Decreases Postoperative Narcotic Consumption in AIS". Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America 4, n.º 2 (1 de mayo de 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55275/jposna-2022-0024.
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Background: Our previous standardized postoperative pain management plan for AIS patients undergoing PSF included the placement of an epidural (EPI) catheter by the spine surgeon prior to fascial closure. The epidural was used for 24 hours, in conjunction with a multi-modal post-operative pain protocol. Local Problem: The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for our surgical AIS patients and their families to have private rooms/bathrooms. Epidural catheters require arterial line blood pressure monitoring to ensure safety. Unfortunately, the arterial lines could not be utilized in the private rooms due to lack of appropriate monitors, therefore we transitioned away from epidurals. Liposomal bupivacaine (LB) is an encapsulated local anesthetic that has a duration of action up to 72 hours. Specific Aims: This quality initiative (QI) focused on the enhancement of the standardized postoperative care pathway for AIS patients undergoing PSF. The aims of the initiative were to 1) minimize narcotic usage, and 2) allow for earlier mobilization. Intervention: The (2020) LB cohort had a mixture of LB, bupivacaine HCL and normal saline injected into the fascial and subcutaneous layers of the incision prior to fascial closure. The (2019) control cohort had an epidural (EPI) catheter placed prior to fascial closure. The epidural infusion consisted of ropivacaine 0.1% (0.1-0.2 ml/kg/hr.) The cohorts received the same pain protocol (intravenous opioid with transition to oral opioid, as well as dexmedetomidine, acetaminophen, ketorolac, and diazepam). Measures and Analysis: Two cohorts of prospective AIS patients that underwent PSF were retrospectively reviewed. They were compared regarding age, BMI, average preoperative major Cobb angle, average preoperative kyphosis, VAS pain scores and narcotic consumption. Time to ambulation, and length of stay (LOS) were also evaluated. Results: 159 AIS patients were reviewed. There were no preoperative differences between the 2020 LB cohort (n =101) and the 2019 EPI cohort (n = 58) when comparing age (14.3 vs.15.0 years), average BMI (21.7 vs.20.8 kg/m2), preoperative major Cobb (60.7° vs.60.3°), or average preoperative kyphosis (25.7° vs. 27.1°). The LB cohort consumed similar morphine equivalents during the initial 24 hrs. (37.8mg vs.37.3mg), but less at 24-48 hrs. (37.2mg vs 41.0mg) (p=0.031), and 48-72hrs (23.3mg vs. 29.6mg) (p=0.015). The LB cohort ambulated 6.8 hrs. sooner (17.1 vs 23.9 hrs.) (p=.0001). Summary: LB associated with less consumption of post-operative morphine equivalents and earlier ambulation.
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Decker, Brennan, Angela A. Kou, Tyler Janovitz, Douglas A. Mata, Ethan S. Sokol, Dexter X. Jin, Hanna Tukachinsky, Jo-Anne Vergilio, Julia A. Elvin y Geoffrey R. Oxnard. "Abstract 57: Patients with germline ATM mutations develop clonal hematopoiesis characterized by co-occurrence of multiple somatic ATM alterations". Cancer Research 82, n.º 12_Supplement (15 de junio de 2022): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-57.
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Abstract BACKGROUND The DNA repair gene ATM is remarkable for its roles across the spectrum of neoplastic biology, including inherited risk of multiple malignancies, somatic tumor biology, and clonal hematopoiesis (CH). We hypothesized that comparison of liquid biopsy (LB) versus tumor tissue (TT) from germline ATM pathogenic mutation carriers (gATM+) might offer additional insights into the role of ATM in CH. METHODS 34,825 LB samples and 384,847 TT specimens were sequenced for up to 324 genes during routine clinical care and analyzed for all classes of genomic alterations (Frampton 2013, Woodhouse 2020). Individual variants were assessed for germline versus somatic origin using the validated somatic-germline zygosity algorithm (Sun 2018). RESULTS Germline ATM mutations were observed in 0.9% (113/12,217) of LB and 0.8% (3,029/384,847) of TT (P<0.001). Up to 27 ATM mutations were identified per gATM+ sample, with a range of 1-27 in LB and 1-8 in TT. Co-occurrence of 3+ ATM mutations in a single sample was 18-fold higher among gATM+ subjects undergoing LB versus TT (23.9% vs. 1.2%, P<0.001). In LB, the incidence of 3+ ATM mutations increased with age for all groups, but the frequency in gATM+ subjects diverged as patient age advanced. In the age 80+ subgroup, 57.1% (28/49) of gATM+ subjects had 3+ ATM mutations, compared to 3.3% (133/4,055) of gATM− subjects (P<0.001). A significant difference was maintained after correcting for the contribution of the germline ATM mutation to the total number of ATM mutations in gATM+ subjects. We hypothesized that multiple ATM variants per sample could be caused by high TMB or positive selection for multiple subclonal hits in the ATM gene. In TT, observation of 3+ ATM mutations was associated with high TMB in 80.5% (513/637) of cases. In contrast, 88.5% (555/627) of LB samples with 3+ ATM mutations had low TMB (Pdiff<0.001), a pattern consistent with positive selection in LB. LB from gATM+ cases with 3+ ATM mutations all had one variant with ~50% variant allele fraction (VAF), while 80.0% (546/682) of the co-mutations had VAF <1%. Co-mutations included 32.0% (793/2,485) truncating alterations and 68.1% (1,692/2,485) missense alterations. Low VAF missense co-mutations were clustered in the FAT and PIKKc domains, which are known pathogenic missense mutation hotspots. This distribution suggests that some missense alterations within these hotspots that are currently classified as VUS are under positive selection and therefore warrant consideration for reclassification. CONCLUSION The finding of numerous ATM mutations under positive selection in gATM+ subjects was specific to LB, increased in incidence with age, and co-mutations tended to have low VAF. All these features are consistent with polyclonal hematopoiesis (polyCH) involving ATM co-mutations in gATM+ subjects. Additional investigation is needed to extend our understanding of this phenomenon. Citation Format: Brennan Decker, Angela A. Kou, Tyler Janovitz, Douglas A. Mata, Ethan S. Sokol, Dexter X. Jin, Hanna Tukachinsky, Jo-Anne Vergilio, Julia A. Elvin, Geoffrey R. Oxnard. Patients with germline ATM mutations develop clonal hematopoiesis characterized by co-occurrence of multiple somatic ATM alterations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 57.
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Sohier, Charlotte, Severine Matthijs y Nick De Regge. "Comparing Different Larval Food Sources and Temperature Regimes for the Rearing of Culicoides obsoletus/scoticus Complex Midges, the Predominant Bluetongue, and Schmallenberg Virus Vectors in Northern Europe". Proceedings 50, n.º 1 (17 de junio de 2020): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020050080.
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During the last decade, Europe was confronted with the emergence of two Culicoides-borne viruses, bluetongue virus and Schmallenberg virus. Both diseases caused economic losses in cattle, sheep, and goats. Despite their importance, only limited knowledge is available on the developmental stages of Culicoides obsoletus complex midges, and a lab-reared colony has not yet been established. Therefore, this experimental study aims to compare the emergence patterns from field-collected C. obsoletus complex from egg to adult that were exposed to different combinations of temperature and larval substrates (T1: 1% liquid broth (LB) agar at 24 °C; T2: 1% LB agar with dung patches at 24 °C; T3: 1% LB agar at 28 °C). The rearing dishes were kept in an environmental chamber under an 8 h/16 h dark–light regime and 80%–85% humidity. Algae and nematodes were provided as a food source. The average period required to develop from egg to adult was 24 days and varied strongly in each of the conditions (T1: 15–47 days; T2: 14–35 days; T3: 20–37 days). A bias of sex ratio was observed towards the production of males in all three treatments with only 23.9% (T1), 23.5% (T2), and 0% (T3) females. Larval mortality was highest in T3 (25.9%), followed by T2 (8.6%), and T1 (1.8%). All pupae produced adults within 1 to 10 days, and the emergence rates for pupae varied strongly between treatments: 49.5% (T1), 71.6% (T2), and 38.5% (T3). This study shows that the C. obsoletus complex can be reared under laboratory conditions from blood-fed, wild-caught females to emerged progeny. More larval substrates and food sources should be tested with the aim of obtaining a 1:1 sex ratio to bring us one step closer to a viable lab-reared colony.
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Sheikh, Nauman M., Roger P. Bligh y John M. Holt. "Minimum Rail Height and Design Impact Load for Longitudinal Barriers that Meet Test Level 4 of Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2309, n.º 1 (enero de 2012): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2309-14.
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In 2009, the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) was adopted as an updated replacement of NCHRP Report 350. Under MASH, the impact severity of Test Level 4 (TL-4) (Test 4–12) was increased by 56%. Test vehicle mass was increased from 17,640 to 22,050 lb. Impact speed was increased from 50 to 56 mph. Although this is a significant increase in the amount of lateral energy imparted to the barrier, the 54-kip design impact load currently suggested by the AASHTO load and resistance factor design (LRFD) bridge specifications has not been updated to meet MASH TL-4 requirements. Similarly, the AASHTO LRFD specifications require all TL-4 railings to have a minimum height of 32 in. However, because of the increase in test vehicle mass and impact velocity under MASH, the minimum height for TL-4 railings is expected to be greater than 32 in. This height was verified by a recent unsuccessful MASH Test 4–12 of a New Jersey profile rigid concrete barrier 32 in. tall. The research presented in this paper used finite element analysis and subsequent crash testing to determine the minimum rail height for MASH TL-4 impact conditions. The researchers also determined the appropriate lateral impact design load for use with AASHTO LRFD bridge specifications for the design of TL-4 bridge rails.
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Dillard, Sandra L., Lisa Baxter, Marcelo Wallau, Deidre D. Harmon y Dennis W. Hancock. "174 The Southeast hay contest: 10 year summary". Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_2 (1 de noviembre de 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz397.018.
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Abstract The Southeast (SE) Hay Contest was started by a group of Extension agents from across the SE with the objective of increasing producer knowledge of the relative forage quality (RFQ) index. Since its inception, the program has grown to over 350 hay and baleage samples annually. Forage samples were categorized into warm-season perennial grass hay (WSPGH), alfalfa hay (AH), perennial peanut hay (PPH), cool-season perennial grass hay (CSPGH), mixed annual grass, or other hay (MAG), grass baleage (GB), and legume baleage (LB). Samples were analyzed for RFQ and crude protein (CP) using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) at the UGA Forage Testing Center (Athens, GA). The following summary includes data from 2009–2018 analyzed using Proc Glimmix of SAS 9.4 (SAS Inst., Cary, NC) with category and year as fixed effects and α = 0.05. Alfalfa hay had the greatest RFQ, followed by LB (P ≤ 0.004; 199 and 186, respectively). Perennial peanut and GB had median RFQ values (P ≤ 0.001; 169 and 150, respectively), and WSPGH had the least (P ≤ 0.008; 117). With the exception of 2017, the years 2013 to 2018 had the greatest RFQ (P < 0.001; 165). 2017 had a greater amount of rain than average, likely resulting in its lower average RFQ. Alfalfa hay had the greatest (P < 0.001) CP of all categories (23.9%; P < 0.001). Crude protein concentrations did not differ among WSPGH, CSPGJH, and MAG (P ≥ 0.192; 14.5%). While these forage samples were likely greater quality than samples not submitted, we conclude that outreach efforts, including the SE Hay Contest, have increased knowledge of the hay and baleage production process leading to increased hay quality from 2009 to 2018.
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N. R., Narender y Yadagiri Rao J. "A prospective clinico-pathological study of cervical lymphadenopathy". International Surgery Journal 4, n.º 12 (25 de noviembre de 2017): 3967. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20175393.
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Background: Lymphadenopathy refers to one or more lymph nodes that are abnormal in size, consistency or number. There are various causes for lymphadenopathy which range from benign conditions to malignant either primary or secondary from draining primary tumour. Lymphadenopathy can be localised to a single group or generalised.Methods: Prospective observational study was performed for the patients attending outpatient department of general surgery at Kamineni academy of medical sciences, LB nagar Hyderabad, Telangana with complaints of enlarged or swollen lymph nodes in the neck. This study included 46 cases. In cases where fine needle aspiration cytology was inconclusive and there was need for excision biopsy, only these cases were included in the study. After biopsy lymph node was sent for gross and microscopic examination for expert opinion from department of pathology.Results: The present study includes 46 patients in a period of two years from 01-8-2015 to 31-7-2017. Of these case tuberculosis lymphadenopathy (n=25,54.3%) was the most common aetiology followed by nonspecific chronic lymphadenopathy (n=16,34.7%) followed by some relatively rare cases and unusual presentation Schwannoma, pleomorphic adenoma, Kikuchi disease, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and secondaries from carcinoma tongue (n=1,2.1%).Conclusions: In the present prospective study tubercular lymphadenopathy was the most common cause for cervical lymphadenopathy followed by chronic nonspecific lymphadenopathy.
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Panguluri, Adi Sukumar Nikhil Mehra, Gagandeep Reddy Komatreddy, Poojitha Reddy Gangam Venkat y Katra Sai Teja. "A comparative study of on-lay and preperitoneal mesh repair in the management of umbilical hernia". International Surgery Journal 10, n.º 1 (30 de diciembre de 2022): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20223601.
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Background: Umbilical hernias can cause distress to the patients not only because of their complications but also because of the cosmetic angle, therefore this study was undertaken mainly to study the outcomes of preperitoneal mesh repair and on-lay mesh repair in the management of umbilical hernias.Methods: The present study was a prospective, observational and comparative study undertaken in the department of general surgery, who had been operated in Kamineni hospital LB Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, during a study period from November-2020 to September-2021.Results: Of 30 patients who underwent on-lay mesh repair, the mean hospital stay was 3.83±1.8 days; wound infection, seroma, hematoma, flap necrosis was seen in 1, 4, 2, 1 respectively and with no recurrence in 6 months follow-up. Of 30 patients who underwent pre-peritoneal mesh repair, the mean hospital stay was 2.13±0.63 days; Wound infection, seroma, hematoma, flap necrosis was seen in 0, 2, 1, 0 respectively and with no recurrence in 6 months follow-up.Conclusions: On-lay mesh repair can be replaced with preperitoneal mesh repair. Overall mesh related complications, including wound infection, seroma, hematoma, flap necrosis is quite rare. Less Hospital stay and low recurrence rate was observed in preperitoneal method. As wound complication increases risk of recurrence, procedures that do not result in formation of de-vascularizing flaps may be recommended.
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Chaudhari, Sandipkumar, Jimitkumar Patel, Ajay Talvelkar, Nayan Pancholi y Latif Bagwan. "Reliableness of Telegram between different evaluators in emergency general surgery practice". International Surgery Journal 9, n.º 6 (26 de mayo de 2022): 1193. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20221410.
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Background: 'Telegram' is a popularly used social media application in routine clinical practice, often for communication between a resident doctor and a consultant. The purpose of this study is to establish the reliableness of the data transmitted through telegram to validate its use in general surgery practice.Methods: Clinical findings and computerized tomographic (CT) images of 180 patients visiting the trauma center and emergency department were posted in a closed Telegram group involving three consultants (SSC, NBP, and LSB). The CT images were posted in the Telegram group as complete picture (CP) and picture of interest (POI) format and rated on a scale of 1-5. The consultants formulated a temporary diagnosis and initial management plan. The reliableness between different evaluators of these feedbacks was analyzed in our study.Results: Mean CP rating ranged from 3.03±0.61 to 3.73±0.64 [Cronbach alfa (α)-0.494, p=0.006]. Mean POI rating ranged from 3.4±0.56 to 4.13±0.73 (α-0.824, p<0.0001). For diagnosis, the proportion of observed agreement (P0) was 83.3% for SSC and NP, 76.6% for SSC and LB, and 73.3% for NBP and LSB. For management, P0 was 86.6% for NBP and LSB, 86.6% for SSC and NBP, and 80% for SSC and LSB.Conclusions: Telegram messenger serves to transmit good quality pictures of CT scan images. A reasonable diagnosis and management strategy can be formulated using this app with a fair reliableness between different evaluators.
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Ranjan, Amit, Debanga Sarma, Sasanka Kumar Barua, Mandeep Phukan y Puskal Kumar Bagchi. "Exstrophy epispadias complex with adenocarcinoma in adults: a case series and repair technique". International Surgery Journal 10, n.º 8 (28 de julio de 2023): 1373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20232335.
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The exstrophy-epispadias-complex (EEC) is a rare congenital malformation with a spectrum of abdominal-pelvic fusion abnormalities, with an incidence of 1/46,000 LB. Recurrence is 1 in100 & the male-to-female ratio is 2.3:1. Patients rarely may present in adulthood due to a lack of knowledge or financial constraints; it increases the risk of bladder carcinoma mostly adenocarcinoma or squamous carcinoma, due to chronic inflammation, infection, and metaplasia. It has a significant physical, functional, social, sexual, and psychological burden. Three patients have been operated on in our institute. A 37-year-old male, A 19-year-old male, and A 23- year-old female patient. The operation planned was a radical cystectomy with an ileal conduit and an expanded local lymphadenectomy in all three patients. The pelvis and abdominal wall defects were repaired differently post-radical cystectomy in all 3 patients using different techniques. The first patient went through primary tension closure, in the second patient bilateral rectus muscle was used as a flap and reinforced with mesh, and in the third patient, we used a rotation skin flap. All three patients were followed for 1 year. The first patient developed wound dehiscence followed by fecal fistula during follow-up and succumb due to sepsis, the second patient recovered well with a muscle flap in the postoperative period, unfortunately, developed recurrence locally and succumb due to multiple metastases, and the third patient develops flap necrosis at the tip postoperative on day 5, however, recover well after dressing, no recurrence seen on 1 year of regular follow up. As a result, the bilateral rectus flap with mesh recovers better than the rotation skin flap, which is better than primary tension closure.
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Liu, Fang, Jeries Kort, Shashirekha Shetty, Ravikumar Kyasaram, John Shanahan y Timothy E. O'Brien. "Analysis of Racial Differences in the Incidence of a Targetable Biomarker, t(11;14), in Patients with Multiple Myeloma". Blood 136, Supplement 1 (5 de noviembre de 2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-140133.
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Introduction Compared with Caucasian Americans (CA), African Americans (AA) have an increased incidence of multiple myeloma (MM), earlier age at diagnosis, and overall better prognosis [1]. The molecular mechanisms underlying such racial disparity are not well understood. Using targeted next generation sequencing assay or traditional fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods, previous studies reported that t(11;14) is more common in AA compared with CA with MM and monoclonal gammopathies [2,3]. However, the number of AA cases studied were small and conflicting data exists. Clinical trials in relapsed or refractory MM indicate that t(11;14) is a biomarker which may be used to predict response to a therapeutic agent (venetoclax) which targets BCL-2 [4,5]. Identifying racial differences in molecular biomarkers would be helpful in our understanding of the known racial disparities of incidence in MM and in the development of therapeutic trials. Methods 737 patients with newly diagnosed MM or smoldering myeloma (SM) at University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center between 2009 and 2020 were identified. All had myeloma FISH panel sent at diagnosis, which included trisomy of chromosomes 3, 7, or 11, deletion 13q14.3 or loss of chromosome 13, deletion 17p13.1, 1q21 (CKS1B) amplification, and 14q32.3 rearrangements. IGH/CCND1 [t(11;14)(q13;q32)] dual fusion probe was used prior to 2018. Extra signal would trigger reflex test for IGH/FGFR3 [t(4;14)(p16.3;q32)] and IGH/MAF [t(14;16)(q32;q23)]. IGH break apart probe was used since 2018. IGH rearrangement would trigger reflex testing for translocation partners as listed above. Between-group differences were assessed with T-test for continuous variables, and Chi-square / Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Results Of the 737 patients (661 MM, 76 SM), 502 (68.1%) were self-reported as CA, 213 (28.9%) were AA, and 22 (3.0%) were of other races or listed as unknown. Median age was 71 among CA and 70 among AA (p=0.67). The male-female ratio was 291/211 (58% male) among CA and 101/112 (47% male) among AA (p=0.0095). Overall t(11;14) was detected in 4.5% of cases, 5.2% CA and 2.8% AA (p=0.165); among 661 MM, t(11;14) was tested positive in 30/656 (4.57%), including 23 (5.1%) CAs, 6 (3.1%) AAs, and 1 others (p= 0.80); among 76 SM, t(11;14) was tested positive in 3/76 (3.95%), all were CAs. The percentages of patients who tested positive for other cytogenetic abnormalities were as follows: trisomy 3,7, or 11 was detected in 35.6% CA and 32.4% AA (p=0.42); 1q21 amplification was detected in 25.5% CA and 23.9% AA (p=0.72); deletion 13q14.3 or loss of chromosome 13 was detected in 16.5% CA and 10.7% AA (p=0.08); deletion 17p13.1 was detected in 6.4% CA and 5.2% AA (p=0.54); t(4;14) was detected in 2.8% CA and 1.4% AA (p=0.27); t(14;16) was detected in 0.4% CA and 0.5% AA (p=0.89) Conclusions This retrospective series of 737 MM and SM patients did not find an increased incidence of the targetable biomarker t(11;14) in AA patients. The overall percentage of t(11;14) cases was lower than expected. The lack of our finding a racial difference differs from some other reports, perhaps due to a fairly enriched AA population. There were also no significant racial differences found in other cytogenetic abnormalities. Further investigation at the molecular level should be performed to elucidate the mechanisms of racial disparity in MM. References [1]. Landgren O, Devesa S, Mink P, et al. African-American multiple myeloma patients have a better survival than Caucasian patients: a population-based study including 28,636 patients. Blood. 2009;114:1832. [2]. Kzandjian D, Hill E, Hultcrantz M, et al. Molecular underpinnings of clinical disparity patterns in African American vs. Caucasian American multiple myeloma patients. Blood Cancer J. 2019;9(2):15. [3]. Baughn LB, Pearce K, Larson D, et al. Differences in genomic abnormalities among African individuals with monoclonal gammopathies using calculated ancestry. Blood Cancer J. 2018;8(10):96. [4]. Kortüm KM, Einsele H. First targeted therapy in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2017;130(22):2359-2360. [5]. Kumar S, Harrison S, Cavo M, et al. A phase 3 study of venetoclax or placebo in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. EHA Library. Abstract LB2601. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Reys, Brian, Britt Johnson, Elaine Chen, Yuya Kobayashi, Flavia Facio, Yi-Lee E. Ting, Sarah M. Nielsen Young et al. "Tracking uncertainty in germline genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes: Sources, attributes, and resolution of variants of uncertain significance in over 1 million individuals." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, n.º 16_suppl (1 de junio de 2024): 10513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.10513.
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10513 Background: Genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes has diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications; however, variant(s) of uncertain significance (VUS) are not clinically actionable. As such, VUS are a challenge to the entire medical community. Additionally, individuals from underrepresented race, ethnicity, and ancestry (REA) groups are disproportionately impacted by VUS. This study reports on the prevalence of VUS in patients referred for genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes and the results of reclassification. Methods: Patients were referred for diagnostic multigene panel testing for hereditary cancer from September 2014 to September 2022. Variants were classified as benign (B), likely benign (LB), VUS, likely pathogenic (LP), or pathogenic (P) using Sherloc, a validated system based on guidelines from ACMG/AMP. Both the number of unique VUS (uVUS) and the number of times they were observed in individuals (oVUS) were counted. All-time uVUS were separated as being reclassified and non-reclassified, and the relative contribution of evidence types used for reclassification was analyzed. Results: During this 8-year period, 1,122,444 unrelated individuals were tested for hereditary cancer with a mean number of 53 genes tested per individual. Results showed a mean of 0.45 oVUS per individual; 30.6% of individuals without a P/LP variant had at least 1 oVUS. The rate of oVUS normalized to the number of genes tested was highest in French Canadian and lowest in Ashkenazi Jewish individuals, as the mean number of genes sequenced to observe one VUS was 39.8 and 59.4, respectively. White individuals had a lower oVUS rate of 31.4% than Sephardic Jewish (53.8%), Asian (48.3%), Black (40.5%), Hispanic (37.6%), and additional underrepresented REA groups. In total, 7,542 (7.3%) of 103,767 uVUS were reclassified, affecting 88,877 individuals (7.9%); 5,864 (77.8%) of the reclassified uVUS were downgraded to B/LB, and 1,678 (22.2%) were upgraded to LP/P. Evidence from clinical observation contributed the most for upgrading uVUS (16.0-fold compared to non-reclassified uVUS), while evidence from experimental studies contributed the most to downgrading uVUS (23.9-fold). Conclusions: Experimental studies and clinical evidence were the most impactful types of evidence for reclassifications. This highlights the partnership among researchers, clinicians, and laboratories to resolve VUS. Further representation of diverse REA groups in genomic databases is needed to address the disparities in VUS rates, and additional research is needed into methods that could expedite the resolution of VUS so that patients can make more informed decisions.
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Valladares-Ayerbes, Manuel, Carmen Garrigos, Miquel Taron, Angélica Figueroa y Enrique Aranda. "Circular RNAs as biomarkers in liquid biopsy in colorectal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, n.º 4_suppl (1 de febrero de 2020): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.230.
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230 Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as essential regulators of cancer- related biological hallmarks, as cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, immune regulation and angiogenesis. CircRNAs are abundant, conserved, and have a tissue‐specific expression pattern. These characteristics make them candidate to serve as biomarkers in liquid biopsy (LB) in cancer. The aim of this study is to analyse differential expression of circRNAs in the colorectal cancer (CRC) scenario. Methods: To comprehensively understand the expression patterns of circRNAs we characterized 13,617 circRNAs using a microarray [Arraystar v2 (8x15K)] in 10 human samples, five CRC cell lines, one colorectal human tumour, one normal colon healthy control, vs. Peripheral Human Blood Leukocytes (2 pools) and Human Bone Marrow. Differentially expressed circRNAs were identified using fold change (FC) cut-off or through Volcano Plot filtering respectively. CircRNAs having FC ▪2 and P-values ▪ 0.05 were selected. CircRNA/microRNA interaction was predicted with target prediction software. Results: Hierarchical clustering showed distinguishable circRNA expression profiling among 10 samples. These data indicated that circRNAs have a different expression pattern in colorectal tissues compared with that in blood and bone marrow tissues. The microarray data showed 2329 circRNAs differentially expressed (FC > 2.0, P < 0.05). Among them, 964 circRNAs were upregulated and 1365 were downregulated in colon tissues compared with blood and bone marrow. Using a stringent criterion (FC > 10, P≤ 0.01 and false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05) we have identified 30 circRNA upregulated in colorectal cancer versus non tumour samples. CircRNA/microRNA interaction prediction analysis showed that most upregulated circRNAs contain miRNA Binding Sites (MREs) for cancer-related miRNA, including among others, miR-17, miR-103, miR-let-7g. Conclusions: Microarray analysis was used to comprehensively identify dysregulated circRNAs in CRC. We identify novel circRNAs could be valuable as blood-based CRC biomarkers.
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Ades, Lionel, Justin M. Watts, Atanas Radinoff, Montserrat Arnan, Marco Cerrano, Patricia Font Lopez, Joshua F. Zeidner et al. "Phase II study of pevonedistat (P) + azacitidine (A) versus A in patients (pts) with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)/chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), or low-blast acute myelogenous leukemia (LB AML) (NCT02610777)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, n.º 15_suppl (20 de mayo de 2020): 7506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.7506.
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7506 Background: P, the first and only small-molecule inhibitor of the NEDD8-activating enzyme, disrupts proteasomal degradation of select proteins and has shown promising clinical activity and good tolerability in combination with A in AML. Methods: 120 pts with higher-risk (Revised International Prognostic Scoring System risk > 3) MDS/CMML or LB AML naïve to hypomethylating agents were randomized 1:1 to receive P 20 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) on days (d) 1, 3, 5 + A 75 mg/m2 (IV/subcutaneously) on d 1–5, 8, 9 (n = 58), or A alone (n = 62), in 28-d cycles until unacceptable toxicity, relapse, transformation to AML, or progression. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), although the study was underpowered for OS. Results: Baseline characteristics were generally balanced between arms. Pts received a median of 13.0 vs 8.5 cycles of P+A vs A. Median OS in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population with P+A vs A (n = 120) was 21.8 vs 19.0 mos (hazard ratio [HR] 0.80; 95% CI 0.51–1.26; P = .334; median follow-up 21.4 vs 19.0 mos). Subanalyses showed median OS with P+A vs A in higher-risk MDS (n = 67) of 23.9 vs 19.1 mos (HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.39–1.27; P = .240) and in LB AML (n = 36) of 23.6 vs 16.0 mos; HR 0.49; 95% CI 0.22–1.11; P = .081). Event-free survival (EFS – time from randomization to death/transformation to AML) with P+A vs A trended longer in the ITT population (median 21.0 vs 16.6 mos; HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.41–1.02; P = .060) and was significantly longer in higher-risk MDS (median 20.2 vs 14.8 mos; HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.29–1.00; P = .045). In response-evaluable pts, overall response rate was 71% (n = 39/55; 46% complete remission [CR] + CR with incomplete blood count recovery [CRi], 5% partial response [PR], 20% hematologic improvement [HI]) with P+A vs 60% (n = 32/53; 38% CR+CRi, 8% PR, 15% HI) with A. In higher-risk MDS, CR rate was 52% vs 27% ( P = .050) with P+A vs A. Median A dose intensity was 97% vs 98% with P+A vs A. Rates of grade ≥3 adverse events were 90% vs 87% with P+A vs A; the most common were 31% vs 27% neutropenia, 26% vs 29% febrile neutropenia, 19% vs 27% anemia, and 19% vs 23% thrombocytopenia. On-study deaths occurred in 9% of P+A pts and 16% of A pts. Conclusions: P+A had a comparable safety profile to A alone, did not increase myelosuppression, and maintained A dose intensity. Although not statistically significant, P+A increased OS, EFS, and response rates vs A, particularly in pts with higher-risk MDS. Further evaluation of P+A vs A is ongoing in a randomized phase. Clinical trial information: NCT02610777 .
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Zhou, J. N., S. Y. Liu, Y. F. Chen y L. S. Liao. "First Report of Pantoea anthophila Causing Soft Rot Disease in Clausena lansium (Wampee) in China". Plant Disease 99, n.º 3 (marzo de 2015): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-14-1025-pdn.
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Clausena lansium, also known as wampee (Clausena wampi), is a plant species native to China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia, where it is widely cultivated, and also grown in India, Sri Lanka, Queensland, Florida, and Hawaii, but less frequently (3). The fruit can be consumed fresh or made into juice, jam, or succade. In summer to fall 2014, a soft rot disease was found in a wampee planting region in Yunan County, Guangdong Province, China. On Sept. 18, we collected diseased samples from a wampee orchard with about 20% disease incidence. The infected fruit initially showed pinpoint spots on the peel, water-soaked lesions, and light to dark brown discoloration. Spots expanded in 2 days, and tissues collapsed after 5 days. Severely affected fruit showed cracking or nonodorous decay. Five diseased samples were collected, and causal agents were isolated from symptomatic tissues 1 cm under the peel after surface sterilization in 0.3% NaOCl for 10 min and rinsing in sterile water three times. Tissues were placed on a Luria Bertani (LB) plate for culture. Ten representative isolates were selected for further characterization. No colony was isolated from healthy tissues. Colonies were round, smooth, with irregular edges, and produced a yellow pigment in culture. Biolog identification (Version 4.20.05) showed that all strains were gram negative, negative for indole production, and utilized glucose, maltose, trehalose, sucrose, D-lactose, and pectin but not sorbitol or gelatin. The isolates were identified as Pantoea agglomerans (SIM 0.69). Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) was conducted for rapid classification of the strains. Sequences of atpD, gyrB, infB, and rpoB were amplified using corresponding primers (2). All sequences of the 10 isolates were identical in each gene. BLASTn was performed, and maximum likelihood trees based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of the four genes were constructed using MEGA6. Bootstrap values after 1,000 replicates were expressed as percentages. Results showed that the tested strain named CL1 was most homologous to P. anthophila, with 98% identity for atpD (KM521543), 100% for gyrB (KM521544), infB (KM521545), and rpoB (KM521546). The 16S rRNA sequence (KM521542) amplified by primers 27f and 1492r shared 99% identity with that of P. anthophila M19_2C (JN644500). P. anthophila was previously reclassified from P. agglomerans (3); therefore, we suggest naming this wampee pathogen P. anthophila. Subsequently, 10 wampee fruits were injected with 20 μl of bacterial suspension (1 × 108 CFU/ml) of strains CL1 and CL2, respectively, and another 10 were injected with 20 μl of LB medium as controls, all kept at 28°C for 4 days. Symptoms similar to those of natural infections were observed on inoculated fruits but not on the negative controls. Bacteria were isolated from diseased tissues and further identified as P. anthophila by gyrB sequencing. P. anthophila was reported to naturally infect balsam and marigold (1,2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. anthophila naturally causing soft rot disease and cracking on C. lansium (wampee). References: (1) C. Brady et al. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 31:447, 2008. (2) C. Brady et al. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 59:2339, 2009. (3) J. Morton. Fruits of Warm Climates. Echo Point Books & Media, Miami, FL, 1987.
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Dogan, E., E. Korkmaz y A. P. Akgüngör. "The effect of lane blockage on signalised intersection performance -analysing and modelling". Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering 62, n.º 3 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n3a5.
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Unexpected stops or entry/exit manoeuvres of vehicles on the road may cause the related lane to become blocked. When this blocking happens in a signalised intersection zone, it also affects intersection performance. Determining the extent of this effect will assist traffic engineers with intersection design and performance analysis. In this study, the effects of Lane Blockage (LB) on intersection performance under various traffic conditions were analysed according to two performance criteria. ANN (Artificial Neural Network) models were also developed to enable the prediction of intersection performance. As a result of the analysis, it was clearly determined that the effect of LB on intersection performance was limited at v/c <0.5. However, it was determined that the intersection performance may decrease between 10% and 110% under the condition of 0.5 < v/c, depending on the LB frequency and duration. Additionally, the developed ANN models have R > 0.95 and will therefore be useful in LB-related intersection performance analysis.
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Ahmed, Al-Shimaa Ibrahim, Gihan Mohamed El Moghazy, Tarek Ragab Elsayed, Hanan Abdel Latif Goda y Galal Mahmoud Khalafalla. "Molecular identification and in vitro evaluation of probiotic functional properties of some Egyptian lactic acid bacteria and yeasts". Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 19, n.º 1 (5 de agosto de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s43141-021-00212-4.
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Abstract Background The health-promoting effects along with global economic importance of consuming food products supplemented with probiotic microorganisms encouraged the researchers to discover new probiotics. Results Fourteen lactic acid bacterial isolates were identified as Enterococcus mediterraneensis, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Streptococcus lutetiensis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and in vitro characterized for their actual probiotic potential. All E. mediterraneensis isolates were resistant to clindamycin, whereas Lb. fermentum isolates were resistant to ampicillin, clindamycin, and vancomycin. The E. mediterraneensis and Lb. fermentum isolates displayed high overall digestive survival, ranged from 1.35 ± 0.06 to 32.73 ± 0.84% and from 2.01 ± 0.01 to 23.9 ± 1.85%, respectively. All isolates displayed cell surface hydrophobicity, ranged between 15.44 ± 6.72 and 39.79 ± 2.87%. The strongest auto-aggregation capability, higher than 40%, was observed for most E. mediterraneensis and Lb. fermentum isolates. The E. mediterraneensis isolates (L2, L12, and L15), Lb. fermentum (L8, L9, and L10), and Strep. lutetiensis (L14) exhibited the greatest co-aggregation with Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. Fifty-seven and fourteen hundredth percent of E. mediterraneensis isolates could be considered bacteriocinogenic against E. coli O157:H7, B. cereus, and S. aureus. Conclusion This study is the first one to isolate Enterococcus mediterraneensis in Egypt and to characterize it as new species of probiotics globally. According to the results, E. mediterraneensis (L2, L12, and L15), Lb. fermentum (L8, L9, and L10), and Strep. lutetiensis (L14) are the most promising in vitro probiotic candidates.
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Abbas Aksil, Tounsia y Moussa Abbas. "Matrix Tablets from Algerian Lyophilized Berries (LB) (Arbutus unedo L.) Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.)". Natural Products Chemistry & Research 04, n.º 02 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000207.
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CRAWFORD, JEFFREY, ADRIAN S. DOBS, WILLIAM J. EVANS, CARLA PRADO, DOMINGO RODRIGUEZ, ITAY SHALEV, K. GARY BARNETTE y MITCHELL STEINER. "2067-LB: Pooled Safety Analysis of Enobosarm from Phase 2 and Phase 3 Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials". Diabetes 73, Supplement_1 (14 de junio de 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db24-2067-lb.
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Background: Enobosarm is a novel oral selective androgen receptor modulator shown to increase lean mass and decrease fat mass. Enobosarm may benefit patients on GLP-1 RA for weight loss by preserving muscle while augmenting fat loss. A pooled analysis was conducted from 4 randomized clinical trials (RCT) to evaluate the safety profile of enobosarm. Methods: The pooled safety analysis of enobosarm (3mg) included: Ph2 study in older males (>60 yo) and postmenopausal women (n=48), two Ph3 studies in patients with advanced lung cancer (n=651), and a Ph2 stress urinary incontinence study (n=328). Results: TEAEs observed with enobosarm were comparable to the placebo group. Most common AEs for enobosarm were nausea (26.6% vs 26.0% in placebo), anemia (25.6% vs 23.9% in placebo), and vomiting (14.8% vs 14.6% in placebo), which were similar to the placebo groups. Notably, there was no increase in gastrointestinal AEs and no evidence of drug induced liver injury with enobosarm compared to placebo treatment. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis was higher (3.3%) in placebo compared to the enobosarm group (1%). Conclusion: In pooled analysis of 1027 older men, postmenopausal women, and older patients with muscle loss from advanced cancer, enobosarm was well tolerated with an AE profile comparable to the control patients. A Ph2b randomized trial is underway to evaluate enobosarm in older patients on a GLP-1 RA for weight loss. Disclosure J. Crawford: Advisory Panel; Pfizer Inc. Research Support; Pfizer Inc., AstraZeneca, helsinn. Advisory Panel; BioAtla. Consultant; Actimed. Advisory Panel; G1 Therapeutics, Enzychem. Consultant; Faraday. Advisory Panel; Jazz. A.S. Dobs: Speaker's Bureau; Halozyme. W.J. Evans: None. C. Prado: Speaker's Bureau; Abbott Nutrition, Nestlé Health Science, Nutricia, Amra medical. Advisory Panel; Pfizer Inc. D. Rodriguez: Employee; Veru. I. Shalev: Employee; Veru. K. Barnette: None. M. Steiner: Stock/Shareholder; Veru, Inc.
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OTHMAN, FOUZEYAH, DALIA AL-ABDULRAZZAQ y HESSA ALKANDARI. "153-LB: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) Onset and COVID-19—Effect of the Second Wave on Diabetes Ketoacidosis and ICU Admission Rates in Newly Diagnosed Children with T1D in Kuwait". Diabetes 71, Supplement_1 (1 de junio de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db22-153-lb.
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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had affected access to healthcare services around the globe. On February 24th, 2020, the first wave of the pandemic was announced. The government of Kuwait had implemented public health measures including curfews, nationwide lockdowns, and limited access to healthcare services. The second wave was declared on March 7, 2021; virtual visits, availability of diabetes clinics, and easier access to healthcare facilities may change the frequency of diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) and the requirement for ICU admission for children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) onset in the second wave. Aims: To evaluate DKA at presentation and ICU admission among children with T1D onset during the first and second waves using data from Childhood Onset Diabetes electronic Registry (CODeR) . Methods: Data were extracted from CODeR. Included patients were aged less than 14 years at the time of T1D diagnosis in the period (February 24th - December 31st, 2021) , and in the same period in 2020. Results: Between February and December 2021, 253 children were identified to have T1D onset, compared with 282 during the same period in 2020. There were no significant differences between HbA1c levels (11.41% vs. 11.56%;p value=0.21) and frequency of DKA in both groups (56.4% vs. 54%, p value=0.51) . Mild/moderate DKA rates didn't differ in both periods (66.1% vs. 60.7%, p value=0.42) , and Severe DKA as well (33.9% vs. 39.3%, p value=0.42) . No significant difference in ICU admission rates was observed in both periods (25.5% vs. 23.9%,p value=0.74) . Conclusion: The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic didn't change DKA frequency or the requirement of ICU admission compared to the first wave. Further studies investigating the frequency of DKA, ICU admission, and other factors are needed over longer periods to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic affects DKA changes as the pandemic continues. Disclosure F. Othman: None. D. Al-abdulrazzaq: None. H. Alkandari: None. Funding Dasman Diabetes Institute (RA MoH 2021-017)
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GERSTENBERG, MARINA K., ANGIE BOOKOUT, CARLOS M. CASTORENA, LOLA TORZ, TOBIAS H. DOVMARK, SOFIA LUNDH, SUZI H. MADSEN et al. "240-LB: Adipogenesis in Weight Regain Does Not Accelerate Adiposity in Mice". Diabetes 71, Supplement_1 (1 de junio de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db22-240-lb.
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Weight loss and regain are associated with profound cytoskeleton changes in collapsing and re-expanding adipocytes. These drastic changes in the adipose tissue may drive proinflammatory signalling and fibrotic processes during weight regain. It remains unclear how adipose tissue re-expansion affects adipose tissue function and thereby the comorbidities related to obesity. The aim of this study was to characterize structural and metabolic changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue after weight loss and regain in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice. DIO mice underwent calorie restriction to achieve a 25% weight loss and then returned to ad libitum high fat diet feeding to regain weight. Inguinal adipose tissue was collected and analysed from five groups of mice during the experiment: before high fat diet feeding (Lean) , before weight loss (DIO 1) , after weight loss (WL) , after 3 weeks of weight regain (WR) and age-matched ad libitum DIO mice (DIO 2) . We found that WR group had lower weight and fat mass compared to DIO2 group (31.9±1.6 vs. 23.9±1.9 %) and lower basal lipolysis measured ex-vivo. We detected a larger population of small adipocytes in WR mice compared to DIO2 group, resulting in smaller average adipocyte size (81.6±1.4 vs. 52.5±0.9 µm) and increased expression of cell renewal markers Cidea, Antrx1 and Prkaa in adipose tissue, indicating activation of adipogenesis. Expression of cytokines Il2, Ccl19, Cdc3 in adipose tissue in WR compared to DIO was reduced as well as plasma levels of cytokines Il2, KC/GRO and Inf-γ. In conclusion, our study does not support that increased adipogenesis in weight regain results in accelerated fat accumulation in mice. Weight regain is accompanied by reduced systemic and adipose inflammation. This suggests in general a beneficial effect of regain-induced adipogenesis resulting in potentially healthier adipose tissue in mice. Weather these findings represent the human situation with weight loss and regain is unknown and is currently under investigation. Disclosure M. K. Gerstenberg: Employee; Novo Nordisk. R. E. Kuhre: Employee; Novo Nordisk. N. Petersen: Employee; Novo Nordisk A/S. A. Bookout: Employee; Novo Nordisk. C. M. Castorena: Employee; Novo Nordisk. L. Torz: Other Relationship; Novo Nordisk A/S. T. H. Dovmark: None. S. Lundh: Employee; Novo Nordisk A/S. S. H. Madsen: None. B. S. Andersen: Employee; Novo Nordisk A/S. T. A. Pedersen: Employee; Novo Nordisk A/S, Stock/Shareholder; Novo Nordisk A/S.
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Junaid Iqbal, Muhammad. "CONSTITUTIVE MATERIAL MODEL FOR BLOCK MASONRY AND ITS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES". JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES 16, n.º 4 (24 de abril de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2021.04.00005.
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This research work aims at the development of a material model for concrete block masonry used in the load-bearing wall as well as masonry infill. To accomplish this, various tests were performed on concrete block (solid) units and concrete block masonry assemblage. A concrete block having a size of 12 x 8 x 6 inches, were fabricated in a mortar ratio of 1:4, 1:2:2, 1:8 and 1:4:4. The compressive strength of concrete block prisms having size 24.36 x 8.04 x 18.72 inches, was also determined by conducting the compressive strength test. The shear strength of square prisms, having size 26.76 x 8.04 x 25.20 inches, was found by applying diagonal loading. To investigate the bond shear strength of concrete block masonry, triplet tests were carried out on block masonry prisms. Before conduct, a test on block assemblage specimens, the constituent materials of block assemblage i.e. block and mortar were also tested for different properties. The average compressive strength of concrete block (12”x8”x6”) was 302.25 psi and the average unit weight was 119.83 lb/ft3. The compressive strength of mortars of 1:4, 1:2:2, 1:8 and 1:4:4 was 2367, 1752,815 and 1332 psi respectively.
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Cano Perez, O., H. D. Ayala, P. Jover, J. Osca, M. Izquierdo, J. Navarro, J. Navarrete, J. A. Sorolla, J. Martinez y L. Martinez-Dolz. "Acute procedural comparison between left bundle branch pacing and left ventricular septal pacing". Europace 25, Supplement_1 (24 de mayo de 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euad122.369.
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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) includes both left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) and left ventricular septal pacing (LVSP). The implant procedure characteristics of these two pacing modalities have not been yet fully described. We sought to compare 2 different LBBAP implant strategies: the first one accepting LVSP as a procedure endpoint and the second one aiming at achieving LBBP in every patient. Methods Consecutive patients undergoing LBBAP at our centre from January 2020 to October 2022 were included. After our initial LBBAP learning curve, LVSP was accepted as a procedure endpoint in the first 217 patients. Thereafter, LBBP was attempted in every patient with a maximum of 5 lead deployment attempts or > 30 minutes for lead implant even if LVSP had been previously achieved. Definition of LBBP or LVSP was established according to currently accepted criteria. Procedure characteristics including total procedure time, LBBAP lead implant time, radiation exposure parameters, electrical parameters and acute complications were evaluated. Results A total of 422 consecutive patients were included in the analysis (217 patients with LVSP as acceptable endpoint, and 205 patients with LBBP as final endpoint). Baseline characteristics of the patients are described in table 1. In the LVSP group, the final capture pattern was LVSP in 57.6% and LBBP in 29% whereas in the LBBP group the final capture pattern was LVSP in 19.5% and LBBP in 71.2%. Failure of LBBAP occurred in 13.4% of LVSP group and 9.3% of LBBP group. LBBAP lead position in the septum was basal in 12,5% of LVSP group vs. 23,9% of LBBP group and medium in 81.7% and 72%, respectively (Table 2). A discrete LB potential was identified in 21.2% of LVSP group patients and in 45.8% of LBBP patients, p<0.0001. The LBBP strategy was associated with significantly longer LBBAP lead implant time (19±11min vs. 17±10 min, p=0.05), higher number of lead deployment attempts (3.4±1.8 vs 2.9±1.9, p=0.004), higher number of lead turns (22.4±4.3 vs. 18.3±4,1, p<0,0001) and higher fluoroscopy time (13.2±9.5 min vs. 10.6±9.3 min, p=0.003). Incidence of septal perforation was comparable between the 2 groups (10.6% for LVSP group and 7.8% for LBBP group, p=0.4) but development of complete AV block during implant tended to be more frequent in LBBP group (3.9% vs. 1.4%, p=0.13). The final paced QRS width, measured from the pacing spike, was comparable between the 2 groups: 161±18 ms for LVSP group and 158±19 ms for LBBP group, p=0.2. Conclusions LBBP can be achieved in more than 70% of unselected patients with significantly prolonged procedure time, higher number of lead deployment attempts and higher radiation exposure. When LVSP is accepted as an outcome, LBBP can be achieved in up to 29% of cases. The final paced QRS duration is comparable between the two implant strategies. Any potential clinical benefit of LBBP over LVSP in the long-term remains to be proven.