Tesis sobre el tema "Laser scanner mobile"
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Nalani, Hetti Arachchige. "Automatic Reconstruction of Urban Objects from Mobile Laser Scanner Data". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-159872.
Texto completoUp-to-date 3D urban models are becoming increasingly important in various urban application areas, such as urban planning, virtual tourism, and navigation systems. Many of these applications often demand the modelling of 3D buildings, enriched with façade information, and also single trees among other urban objects. Nowadays, Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) technique is being progressively used to capture objects in urban settings, thus becoming a leading data source for the modelling of these two urban objects. The 3D point clouds of urban scenes consist of large amounts of data representing numerous objects with significant size variability, complex and incomplete structures, and holes (noise and data gaps) or variable point densities. For this reason, novel strategies on processing of mobile laser scanning point clouds, in terms of the extraction and modelling of salient façade structures and trees, are of vital importance. The present study proposes two new methods for the reconstruction of building façades and the extraction of trees from MLS point clouds. The first method aims at the reconstruction of building façades with explicit semantic information such as windows, doors and balconies. It runs automatically during all processing steps. For this purpose, several algorithms are introduced based on the general knowledge on the geometric shape and structural arrangement of façade features. The initial classification has been performed using a local height histogram analysis together with a planar growing method, which allows for classifying points as object and ground points. The point cloud that has been labelled as object points is segmented into planar surfaces that could be regarded as the main entity in the feature recognition process. Knowledge of the building structure is used to define rules and constraints, which provide essential guidance for recognizing façade features and reconstructing their geometric models. In order to recognise features on a wall such as windows and doors, a hole-based method is implemented. Some holes that resulted from occlusion could subsequently be eliminated by means of a new rule-based algorithm. Boundary segments of a feature are connected into a polygon representing the geometric model by introducing a primitive shape based method, in which topological relations are analysed taking into account the prior knowledge about the primitive shapes. Possible outlines are determined from the edge points detected from the angle-based method. The repetitive patterns and similarities are exploited to rectify geometrical and topological inaccuracies of the reconstructed models. Apart from developing the 3D façade model reconstruction scheme, the research focuses on individual tree segmentation and derivation of attributes of urban trees. The second method aims at extracting individual trees from the remaining point clouds. Knowledge about trees specially pertaining to urban areas is used in the process of tree extraction. An innovative shape based approach is developed to transfer this knowledge to machine language. The usage of principal direction for identifying stems is introduced, which consists of searching point segments representing a tree stem. The output of the algorithm is, segmented individual trees that can be used to derive accurate information about the size and locations of each individual tree. The reliability of the two methods is verified against three different data sets obtained from different laser scanner systems. The results of both methods are quantitatively evaluated using a set of measures pertaining to the quality of the façade reconstruction and tree extraction. The performance of the developed algorithms referring to the façade reconstruction, tree stem detection and the delineation of individual tree crowns as well as their limitations are discussed. The results show that MLS point clouds are suited to document urban objects rich in details. From the obtained results, accurate measurements of the most important attributes relevant to the both objects (building façades and trees), such as window height and width, area, stem diameter, tree height, and crown area are obtained acceptably. The entire approach is suitable for the reconstruction of building façades and for the extracting trees correctly from other various urban objects, especially pole-like objects. Therefore, both methods are feasible to cope with data of heterogeneous quality. In addition, they provide flexible frameworks, from which many extensions can be envisioned
Colaço, André Freitas. "Mobile terrestrial laser scanner for site-specific management in orange crop". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11152/tde-23012017-151317/.
Texto completoSensores baseados em tecnologia LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) têm o potencial de fornecer modelos tridimensionais de árvores, provendo informações como o volume e altura de copa. Essas informações podem ser utilizadas em diagnósticos e recomendações localizadas de fertilizantes e defensivos agrícolas. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o uso de sensores LiDAR na cultura da laranja, uma das principais culturas de porte arbóreo no Brasil. Diversas pesquisas têm desenvolvido sistemas LiDAR para culturas arbóreas. Porém, normalmente tais sistemas são empregados em plantas individuais ou em pequenas áreas. Dessa forma, diversos aspectos da aquisição e processamento de dados ainda devem ser desenvolvidos para viabilizar a aplicação em larga escala. O primeiro estudo deste documento (Capítulo 3) focou no desenvolvimento de um sistema LiDAR (Mobile Terrestrial Laser Scanner - MTLS) e nova metodologia de processamento de dados para obtenção de informações acerca da geometria das copas em pomares comerciais de laranja. Um sensor a laser e um receptor RTK-GNSS (Real Time Kinematics - Global Navigation Satellite System) foram instalados em um veículo para leituras em campo. O processamento de dados foi baseado na geração de uma nuvem de pontos, seguida dos passos de filtragem, classificação e reconstrução da superfície das copas. Um pomar comercial de laranja de 25 ha foi utilizado para a validação. O sistema de aquisição e processamento de dados foi capaz de produzir uma nuvem de pontos representativa do pomar, fornecendo informação sobre geometria das plantas em alta resolução. A escolha sobre o tipo de classificação da nuvem de pontos (em plantas individuais ou em seções transversais das fileiras) e sobre o algoritmo de reconstrução de superfície, foi discutida nesse estudo. O segundo estudo (Capítulo 4) buscou caracterizar a variabilidade espacial da geometria de copa em pomares comerciais. Entender tal variabilidade permite avaliar se a aplicação em taxas variáveis de insumos baseada em sensores LiDAR (aplicar quantias de insumos proporcionais ao tamanho das copas) é uma estratégia adequada para otimizar o uso de insumos. Cinco pomares comerciais foram avaliados com o sistema MTLS. De acordo com a variabilidade encontrada, a economia de insumos pelo uso da taxa variável foi estimada em aproximadamente 40%. O segundo objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a relação entre a geometria de copa e diversos outros parâmetros dos pomares. Os mapas de volume e altura de copa foram comparados aos mapas de produtividade, elevação, condutividade elétrica do solo, matéria orgânica e textura do solo. As correlações entre geometria de copa e produtividade ou fatores de solo variaram de fraca até forte, dependendo do pomar. Quando os pomares foram divididos entre três classes com diferentes tamanhos de copas, o desempenho em produtividade e as características do solo foram distintas entre as três zonas, indicando que parâmetros de geometria de copa são variáveis úteis para a delimitação de unidades de gestão diferenciada em um pomar. Os resultados gerais desta pesquisa mostraram o potencial de sistemas MTLS para pomares de laranja, indicando como a geometria de copa pode ser utilizada na gestão localizada de pomares de laranja.
Alshawa, Majd. "Contribution à la cartographie mobile : développement et caractérisation d’un système basé sur un scanner laser terrestre". Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/ALSHAWA_Majd_2010.pdf.
Texto completoMobile mapping technology has been developing with the growing demand of three-dimensional urban and peri-urban data. This thesis approach is based on the design of a low cost terrestrial mobile mapping system with the adaptation of a Terrestrial Laser Scanner for low dynamics. Our goal is not to compete in performance with commercial systems but rather to appropriate scientific and technological skills which will help in proposing solutions in the field of mobile mapping. Necessary operational settings, such as synchronization and calibration are explained. Then, some methods based on the adjustment of polynomial models are developed according to the traveled paths. Data from various sensors (GPS/ AHRS/TLS) are filtered and tested before their integration by direct georeferencing equation in order to produce a correct point cloud. A comprehensive study on the influence of errors of each sensor on the resulting point cloud is established. The theoretical precision is compared with reference data in order to validate the error analyze. A digital calibrated camera is integrated in the system as a navigation sensor. A photogrammetric solution is proposed to improve the accuracy of the orientation and the position calculated by integrating GPS/ AHRS. At the end of this thesis, an approach towards automatic modeling is proposed to make use of the geometry and precision provided by the system. The designed prototype supplies point clouds whose precision is about 10 to15 cm at the average distance of 20 m
Rascão, Madalena da Silva Ruivo Coreixas. "Aquisição de dados LiDAR com TLS e HMLS para deteção de árvores individuais". Master's thesis, ISA, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21291.
Texto completoLiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) é um sistema baseado nos princípios de Deteção Remota que permite medir distâncias com base no tempo da trajetória da radiação laser, desde que é emitida pelo aparelho até que retorna ao recetor depois de ser refletida numa superfície sólida. A aplicabilidade deste sistema é abrangente a várias áreas da engenharia e prende-se com a capacidade que o mesmo tem de recolher e armazenar dados tridimensionais em forma de nuvens de pontos de qualquer objeto sólido sobre a superfície terrestre. No sector florestal, este sistema permite estimar características dos povoamentos e digitalizar uma extensa área de floresta, de uma forma automatizada, rápida e com detalhe na ordem dos milímetros. O objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar a capacidade do sistema LiDAR na individualização da árvore comparando as coordenadas estimadas obtidas com dois métodos LiDAR - HMLS (Held-Hand Mobile Laser Scanner) e TLS (Terrestrial Taser Scanner) - com as coordenadas obtidas com GPS sub-métrico, pelo método tradicional de campo, num ensaio clonal de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. com 10 anos de idade. O presente estudo serviu também como primeira abordagem ao desempenho dos dois métodos LiDAR na obtenção de diâmetros às várias alturas do tronco, recorrendo aos algoritmos disponíveis no software R. Para a deteção das árvores individuais, os resultados demonstraram que, em média, o método TLS detetou 65,1% das árvores, enquanto o método HMLS detetou 44,7% das árvores, para todas as parcelas de estudo. Comprovou-se ainda que o levantamento com HMLS só é vantajoso para terrenos regulares e percursos retos. Concluiu-se que deve ser efetuada uma melhoria nos processos associados à utilização do algoritmo SLAM (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) e salientou-se a importância de utilizar pontos de referência em campo para a obtenção de nuvens de pontos de melhor qualidade
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Mulè, Leonardo. "Low-cost survey solutions to support HBIM - Two case studies: the Azurém Canteen and Paço dos Duques in Portugal". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Buscar texto completoSmearcheck, Mark A. "Investigation of Dual Airborne Laser Scanners for Detection and State Estimation of Mobile Obstacles in an Aircraft External Hazard Monitor". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1212687342.
Texto completoYoo, Hyun-Jae. "Analyse et conception de scanners laser mobiles dédiés à la cartographie 3D d'environnements urbains". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00579965.
Texto completoNalani, Hetti Arachchige [Verfasser], Hans-Gerd [Akademischer Betreuer] Maas, Eberhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Gülch y Norbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Haala. "Automatic Reconstruction of Urban Objects from Mobile Laser Scanner Data / Hetti Arachchige Nalani. Gutachter: Hans-Gerd Maas ; Eberhard Gülch ; Norbert Haala. Betreuer: Hans-Gerd Maas". Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1069093025/34.
Texto completoJensfelt, Patric. "Approaches to Mobile Robot Localization in Indoor Environments". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Tekniska högsk, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3194.
Texto completoSchubert, Stefan. "Optimierter Einsatz eines 3D-Laserscanners zur Point-Cloud-basierten Kartierung und Lokalisierung im In- und Outdoorbereich". Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-161415.
Texto completoKalvodová, Petra. "Kalibrace snímačů pro multispektrální datovou fúzi v mobilní robotice". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390238.
Texto completoTiraferri, Matteo. "Georeferenziazione e rilievo tridimensionale di beni culturali in sotterraneo: gli Ipogei di Santarcangelo di Romagna". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Buscar texto completoNarayana, Keerthi. "Solutions de localisation des systèmes mobiles de cartographie en environnements structurés". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00617985.
Texto completoNalani, Hetti Arachchige. "Automatic Reconstruction of Urban Objects from Mobile Laser Scanner Data". Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28506.
Texto completoUp-to-date 3D urban models are becoming increasingly important in various urban application areas, such as urban planning, virtual tourism, and navigation systems. Many of these applications often demand the modelling of 3D buildings, enriched with façade information, and also single trees among other urban objects. Nowadays, Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) technique is being progressively used to capture objects in urban settings, thus becoming a leading data source for the modelling of these two urban objects. The 3D point clouds of urban scenes consist of large amounts of data representing numerous objects with significant size variability, complex and incomplete structures, and holes (noise and data gaps) or variable point densities. For this reason, novel strategies on processing of mobile laser scanning point clouds, in terms of the extraction and modelling of salient façade structures and trees, are of vital importance. The present study proposes two new methods for the reconstruction of building façades and the extraction of trees from MLS point clouds. The first method aims at the reconstruction of building façades with explicit semantic information such as windows, doors and balconies. It runs automatically during all processing steps. For this purpose, several algorithms are introduced based on the general knowledge on the geometric shape and structural arrangement of façade features. The initial classification has been performed using a local height histogram analysis together with a planar growing method, which allows for classifying points as object and ground points. The point cloud that has been labelled as object points is segmented into planar surfaces that could be regarded as the main entity in the feature recognition process. Knowledge of the building structure is used to define rules and constraints, which provide essential guidance for recognizing façade features and reconstructing their geometric models. In order to recognise features on a wall such as windows and doors, a hole-based method is implemented. Some holes that resulted from occlusion could subsequently be eliminated by means of a new rule-based algorithm. Boundary segments of a feature are connected into a polygon representing the geometric model by introducing a primitive shape based method, in which topological relations are analysed taking into account the prior knowledge about the primitive shapes. Possible outlines are determined from the edge points detected from the angle-based method. The repetitive patterns and similarities are exploited to rectify geometrical and topological inaccuracies of the reconstructed models. Apart from developing the 3D façade model reconstruction scheme, the research focuses on individual tree segmentation and derivation of attributes of urban trees. The second method aims at extracting individual trees from the remaining point clouds. Knowledge about trees specially pertaining to urban areas is used in the process of tree extraction. An innovative shape based approach is developed to transfer this knowledge to machine language. The usage of principal direction for identifying stems is introduced, which consists of searching point segments representing a tree stem. The output of the algorithm is, segmented individual trees that can be used to derive accurate information about the size and locations of each individual tree. The reliability of the two methods is verified against three different data sets obtained from different laser scanner systems. The results of both methods are quantitatively evaluated using a set of measures pertaining to the quality of the façade reconstruction and tree extraction. The performance of the developed algorithms referring to the façade reconstruction, tree stem detection and the delineation of individual tree crowns as well as their limitations are discussed. The results show that MLS point clouds are suited to document urban objects rich in details. From the obtained results, accurate measurements of the most important attributes relevant to the both objects (building façades and trees), such as window height and width, area, stem diameter, tree height, and crown area are obtained acceptably. The entire approach is suitable for the reconstruction of building façades and for the extracting trees correctly from other various urban objects, especially pole-like objects. Therefore, both methods are feasible to cope with data of heterogeneous quality. In addition, they provide flexible frameworks, from which many extensions can be envisioned.
Tsai, Yao-yi y 蔡曜宇. "A Mobile Robot Guidance System Using Laser Scanner in an Unknown Environment". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03200754142564705619.
Texto completo國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
96
The purpose of this study is to propose the wheeled mobile robot (WMR) navigation system under an unknown environment, which consisting the 2D distance detection function, the environmental outline and the route constructing functions. The environmental outlines, which are the distance information in the front of the robot within the segmental area of the 180 degrees, are constructed based on the collecting angles and distance values through the detection and examination of the laser range finder. The robot also can move towards the specified goal progressively, and draw the outline of the surrounding after applying the fuzzy logic based regional path planning function. The environmental route mapping database from the starting point to the goal point can be created step by step with the detecting and analyzing the received individual map. In addition, this study adopts the mapping template to compare with the collected environmental information and a compass is also equipped to compensate the robot slipping to guide the robot’s movement more precisely.
Wong, Kim-Hon y 黃金漢. "Pose-Tracking and Initialization of an Autonomous Mobile Robot Using Ultrasonics and Laser Scanner". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73141785143672139385.
Texto completo國立中興大學
電機工程學系
92
This thesis develops methodologies and techniques for pose-tracking and pose initialization of an autonomous mobile robot (AMR) using two different external sensors: ultrasonics and laser scanner. First, a novel FPGA-based ultrasonic pose-tracking system by fusing the time-of-flight (TOF) readings together with the FAEIF algorithm is proposed to improve the accuracy and robustness of pose estimation for the AMR. The FAEIF-based sensor fusion approach is presented to circumvent the nonlinear filter divergence problems. Second, a low-complexity and accurate pose-tracking EKF algorithm is proposed based on rectangular model and a 2-D laser scanner. Finally, a pose initialization scheme based on a 2-D laser scanner is presented to determine the initial pose of the AMR given that the environmental model is known. Numerous simulations and experimental results are provided to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed pose-tracking and pose initialization methods.
Becherini, Pietro. "Le Mura di Verona. Il rilievo digitale per la tutela e valorizzazione del Patrimonio UNESCO". Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1186421.
Texto completoSchubert, Stefan. "Optimierter Einsatz eines 3D-Laserscanners zur Point-Cloud-basierten Kartierung und Lokalisierung im In- und Outdoorbereich". Master's thesis, 2014. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20206.
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