Tesis sobre el tema "Langue des signes – Cinéma"
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Fougère-Danezan, Barbara. "Surdité et cinéma : un choc qui fait empreinte". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA01H302.
Texto completoDespite the fact that, to date, only a couple of books treat of deafness in cinema, we should not hastily conclude that this subject lacks interest. We even postulate that this subject offers unsuspected richness. Our thesis thus engages in the exploration of this complex and dynamic relationship which exists between cinema and deafness, by observing it from different angles. We will therefore rely on Deaf and Disability Studies to examine the various marks that deafness has left in cinematographic art, as well as those left by cinema in Deaf culture. To do this, we will look back in history and seek to understand how cinema and the deaf community meet, influence each other or come into conflict. From Demenÿ's first phonoscopic productions to contemporary mainstream productions, including creations in sign language, we will highlight the often overlooked role of deaf people in the history of cinema, as subjects, actors, producers and directors. Our exploration will lead us to ask ourselves what transformations cinema undergoes, both in its form and in its content, when it comes into contact with Deaf culture, and vice versa. We will also examine the efforts made by those who seek to make cinema a “common” space for deaf and hearing people
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Caujolle, Coralie. "Trauma et résilience chez Elizabeth Gaskell : corps, langage et signes dans les romans et leurs adaptations". Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040130.
Texto completoFrom Mary Barton to Wives and Daughters, Elizabeth Gaskell’s novels portray heroines who have to deal with ordeals such as death, disease, missing family member, illegitimate child, bankruptcy, etc. Her heroines are forced to evolve in order to survive, especially as they live in a period riddled with social, political and scientific changes which does not spare them. If trauma, which Greek origin refers to the wound, is often described as an extraordinary event, Gaskell’s novels, on the contrary, demonstrate that trauma arises in daily life. Even if these notions did not exist in the Victorian period, trauma and resilience were not born with psychoanalysis. Gaskell found her own language to describe her characters’ deep psychic life and their aptitude to resist and to recover from their wounds. She gives voice to the mental and physical repercussions of trauma, grasping all the hardly perceptible signs, in order to communicate these experiences of pain. We will see how these writing strategies enable Gaskell to build a new type of feminine character, the Gaskellian heroine, characterized by her aptitude to absorb traumatic shocks and by her heroism.Screen adaptations of her novels (North and South, Cranford, Wives and Daughters) were made in the last few years, thus contributing to Gaskell’s new popularity. As cinema offers a different regime of visibility and audibility to traumatic experiences, we will analyse the choices made by directors and scriptwriters (use of sound, editing processes, addition of characters, etc.) to adapt for the screen Gaskell’s subtlety
Guitteny, Pierre. "Le passif en langue des signes". Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00423884.
Texto completoVoisin, Emilie. "Analyse syntaxique et formalisation d'énoncés en langue des signes française". Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30095.
Texto completoThe question of the linguistic study of the sign french language ( LSF) is relatively recent considering the historical difficulties of the recognition of sign languages ( LS) in Europe and more particularly in France. The work of this thesis we led joins in a syntactic perspective. First of all, our research has concerned the syntactic organization of the simple sentence. Then we focused more particularly to the notion of verb. This study takes support on the study compared by different languages such as French, and other oral languages, LO, (such as African or Amazonian languages) but also LS such as american sign language( ASL), quebecois sign language ( LSQ) for example. The goal of this research is to update correlations between the linguistic systems of LO and LS. Indeed, we notice that the verb presents resemblances in its functioning with Amazonian tongues : the flexion of the verb in LSF can be as a mark of the nominal incorporation. It is this phenomenon in particular that we described from a syntactic point of view. Afterward, we propose a formalization of this phenomenon (nominal incorporation) in the theoretical frame of the generative grammar. The thesis asks the question of the point of view to be adopted on a particular linguistic system and tries to answer it by opening to a wider comparison between the LS and LO with the aim of enriching both systems
Goasmat, Grégory. "Langue des signes et malaise du sujet". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20029.
Texto completoThe socio-professional area is delimited by the social and educative ways of regarding the severe congenital deafnesses. It is structured by the split between the oralism and gestualism branches which appeared at the end of XVIIIth century. Since the end of the seventies, driven by parental and cultural militancies as well as technical and medical progress, this division has been refounded in a new one which sets apart two ways of seeing the deaf person. One derives from structuralism in linguistic and psychoanalyse and the other one from positivism of biological models applied to Human.The paucity of the second paradigm regarding the human rationality complexity is the target of serious as well as documented criticisms by the first one. However, the passion for the sign language which comes in the latter one puts it also, by the fact, in the social trend which erases the child specificity. Besides, far beyond the handicap context, the fascination for the sign language observed in our contemporaneity is fully indebted to echoes found in the human constitutive negativity – in the Jean Gagnepain's meaning.Finally the issues of impregnation by audio-oral community language and of its equipment by writing are sticking points in the sign language approach, ordered by campaigners for the deaf cause and considered as working for bilingualism. Conversely, oralism, especially when renewed by the Cued Speech adapted to French, gets free from these pitfalls
Courtin, Cyril. "Surdité, langue des signes et développement cognitif". Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H020.
Texto completoThe existing relationship between language and thinking is investigated comparing the cognitive development of deaf and hearing children. Several domains of development are studied, in particular, categorization, the acquisition of comprehension of the mind as a generator of representations (theories of mind) and the development of selection and coordination abilities of these representations (executive functions). By comparing hearing children to diverse groups of deaf children from 5 to 8 years of age, classified by their mode of communication and the etiology of their deafness, provided a means to separate out the effects of different factors (precocious exposure to a linguistic system, communication in sign language, cerebral maturation, etc. ) which are likely to determine the acquisition of the cognitive capacities studied. The importance of these factors is described and explained. Sign language has been show to have a positive influence on deaf children's cognitive development, though without eliminating all the consequences of a non-optimal environment, thus leading to consider deaf children born to hearing parents as "cognitively at risk", but concluding that the idea of a "psychology of deaf children" should be rejected
Schmitt, Pierre. "Signes d'ouverture : contributions à une anthropologie des pratiques artistiques en langue des signes". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0166.
Texto completoThese contributions to an anthropology of artistic practices in sign language associate thoughts on creative processes, works of art and audiences. Studying sign language "mises en scènes", in theater, in movies, on television, or online, requires a semiotic model that does not separate speakers and languages before undertaking analysis. I thus provide some insight on gesture studies and linguistic studies on signs in order to shed light on current epistemological and methodological issues in the study of human communication. From language to culture, I will also address the description of deaf people as a cultural and linguistic group by Deaf studies. Deaf studies are known in France but French works interrogating their very existence as a field are rare. Presenting the relationship between Deaf studies and disability studies will be another necessary step toward understanding the contemporary frameworks within which artistic practices in sign language are developing and spreading. Theoretical texts contributing to the institutionalization of artistic practices in sign language are also rare. This is why I dedicated myself to a thorough investigation of the "new directions and definitions" suggested by Dorothy Miles and Louie Fant in 1976, in the context of professionalization of "deaf theater" within the National Theater of the Deaf. I then present the NTD and the evolution of its creations to highlight its influence on the beginnings of the International Visual Theater in France.While artistic practices in sign language have been professionalized and entered public space through theatre, current popularity of "singing in sign language" has led me to question its practitioners' identities and the diversity of its forms. The study of sign language music videos has offered a case study to apply a multimodal analysis, taking into account staged languages, artists' identities and skills, artistic intentions and targeted audiences. Finally, within a signing art world, the study of festivals as reception context allowed me to document how evolutions of deaf/hearing interactions through the sharing of sign language contribute to the emergence of a "signing community"
Leroy, Elise. "Didactique de la langue des Signes Française, langue 1, dans les structures d'éducation en langue des signes : attitudes et stratégies pédagogiques de l'enseignement sourd". Paris 8, 2010. http://octaviana.fr/document/169717364#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Texto completoThe collective teaching for deaf pupils by means of sign language was set up for the first time in the middle of the 18th century by a priest named “l’Abbé de l’Epée”. Then, one century after the sign language (SL) prohibition in the education system at the Milan Congress in 1880, the association Two Languages for one Education will take up the torch of LSF-French bilingualism by creating grades exclusively taught in SL. Therefore, we have tempted to understand the issues of such an education for the deaf pupil by sweeping up the different types of bilingual education in France, as well for international language teaching than for regional language teaching. We have also questioned ourselves about the ambiguous statuses of the grades where FSL is the teaching language and of the deaf professionals, an ambiguity due to a current double ministerial supervision. Furthermore, following the principles of the iconicity theory (Cuxac, 2000), we defend the relevance of the deafness in the development of sign languages, generating for this reason particular teaching skills for the instruction of these languages. After having clarified our methodological choices of survey and analysis at the center of SL grades, our study reveals subtle and complex linguistic strategies using notably direction of eyes, finger pointing and sense of touch. The particular semiology of sign languages characterizes the “alter-active” methods of the SL teaching sessions. In an education where the meaning is first expressed "orally" (in such a case by means of the visual gestural modality), the SL has then all its place in the writing access educational method within the context of the education of deaf children and deaf teenagers
Aristodemo, Vita Maria Valentina. "Constructions gradables dans la Langue des Signes Italienne". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0147/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this dissertation is to investigate gradable constructions in Italian Sign Language (LIS). In the semantic literature, the debate about the existence of degrees as ontological elements has been very active. In this dissertation, we show that Italian Sign Language pro- vides evidence not only for the existence of degrees, but also for degree-denoting variables. First, degrees can be overtly represented as ordered points (i.e loci) in signing space by means of an iconic mapping. Second, degree expressions can be established on points in space (i.e loci), which can be anaphorically linked to later pointing pronouns, as in the nominal do- main, temporal and modal domains. Additionally, focusing on comparative constructions, we show that articulatory properties of comparative markers influence the interpretation of comparatives. Specifically, the presence/absence of sharp deceleration makes visible a specific degree which is then interpreted as a deictic element. Furthermore, we show that the visibility of degrees is not just limited to the adjectival domain but that it extends to the temporal domain, but it extends to the temporal domain. Specifically, in temporal constructions the temporal scale is iconically represented as a set of ordered points in the horizontal plane. Moreover, temporal markers, as comparatives markers, express a relation between the time arguments of the two clauses. To account for these properties, we propose an analysis of temporal clauses in terms of comparative clauses. Finally, we move to LIS absolute gradable adjectives and show that the iconic component of some of these adjectives can be analyzed as co-speech gestures. However, while co-speech gestures are optional, the iconic component of LIS absolute adjectives is an integral part of the adjectives and it cannot be omitted
Zorzi, Giorgia <1988>. "Role Shift in LSF (Langue des Signes Française)". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3339.
Texto completoPointurier-Pournin, Sophie. "L'interprétation en Langue des Signes Française : contraintes, tactiques, efforts". Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030048/document.
Texto completoTaking as its point of departure the conceptual framework provided by the IDRC models (Interpreting-Decisions-Resources-Constraints) and Daniel Gile’s Effort model of simultaneous interpreting between spoken languages, this thesis aims to analyse the process of sign language interpreting and study the cognitive load inherent in encoding information from a spoken language (an auditory-vocal modality of language production) into signed language (a vision and gesture-based modality). The first part of the work analyses the set of constraints involved in the exercise of sign language interpreting, as distinguished from those generally observed to apply between spoken languages (including languages syntactically far apart), such as socio-economic constraints, linguistic constraints and, finally, spatial constraints. There follows a cognitive analysis of the interpreting process with reference to Gile’s Effort model of simultaneous interpreting (Listening and Analysis Effort, Memory Effort, Production Effort, Effort of Coordination of these three simultaneous activities), with an attempt to envisage transposing its application to sign language. In order to gain better understanding of the constituent mechanisms of the process, initial analysis of the cognitive load of the interpreter in action accords particular attention to the concept of scénarisation (scene-staging) (Séro-Guillaume, 2008). Is this capacity for creating a visual picture from sequential meaning greater or lesser when factors such as the degree of abstraction of the speech, the technicality of its content, a lack of lexical correspondence, the interpreting context (educational setting, conference setting, etc), and the amount of preparation are taken into account? Analysis of the process is based upon a corpus comprising several empirical studies of interpreting into sign language: a semi-experimental study, a naturalistic case study, and an experimental study, as well as on interpreter interviews and a focus group. The observations drawn from all of these studies have enabled cross-referencing of our data and the identification of the relevant elements of our research results in order to advance understanding of the cognitive process of sign language interpreting
Séro-Guillaume, Philippe. "L'interprétation en langue des signes française (L. S. F. )". Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030211.
Texto completoThe deaf are a language community that belongs at the same time to the world of the hearing. Due to its past history lsf is less widely used than french, its vocabulary therefore less extended. Lsf has no written form. Interpreters called upon to translate into lsf lectures or conferences held in french have sometimes to convey notions that have no counterpart in lsf. In that respect descriptive studies or investigations into their status as languages are of little use. It proved necessary to probe into actual occurrences of sign language communication inorder to determine how lsf speakers adjust their language to account for oral language expressions and extra-linguistic features. Once such procedures are evidenced and evaluated on the basis of speech contents, the interpreter will make use of means specific to lsf when interpreting, always preserving the required balance between transcoding and interpretation proper
Bonnal, Françoise. "Sémiogénèse de la langue des signes française : étude critique des signes de la langue des signes française attestés sur support papier depuis le XVIIIe siècle et nouvelles perspectives de dictionnaires". Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20036.
Texto completoOur semiogenetic research (the origins of FSL signs) has enabled us to establish the Treasury of FSL, a corpus of mainly previously unpublished attested signs since the eighteenth century, especially in Dictionaries. Related to the influence of OFSL, this lexicological study justifies a historical lexicography and a diachronic linguistics of FSL; a comparative linguistics of SL. The phylogenetic approach (the history of the evolution of signs) shows a linguistic economy, homoeostasis, which is a balancing process of the erosion of signs and of the systematization of icons. The standard signs thus retain an iconic latency which allows them to make their aims reversible (higher or lower iconicity). It brings us to redefine the sign on a sublexical level (an iconic morpho-phonetics) and on a lexical level (iconon: iconic etymon of the sign taking shape in the phylum: a morphosemantic root, an iconic matrix generating families). We may then offer new dictionaries
Boix, Christian. "Le sens des signes et les signes du sens (textes hispaniques contemporains et herméneutique)". Dijon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989DIJOL012.
Texto completoUnderstanding texts, explaining or expliciting their meaning, is a target that all literary works have set out to reach. But while so doing, they often forget to enquire the mechanisms that lead from the text -or texts- to the meaning. Such an attitude may by no means be considered a neutral one: a reflexion on meaning, as well as meaning itself, are only allowed to materialize through a relationship with hermeneutic strategies merging from a whole set of value that indivi- duals or social groups are patching up on the world. This double aim: meaning of signs signs of meaning -contitutes the core of the thesis, bases on a study of contemporary Hispanic texts
Aznar, Guylhem. "Informatisation d'une forme écrite de la langue des signes française". Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/995/.
Texto completoThis thesis details the possibles ways to incode a written from of sign language. First, existing work is studied for applied approaches of writing, encoding, localizing operating systems through the example of Linux, signed languages and computer support for signed languages. It is followed by an on-site study of a children class in a Brasilian school where exisiting software is being used. After this, a new approach is proposed, based on a segmentation of the problem in functionnal layers which can be incorporated to the operating system. The function of such layers is then studied, which shows the problem of variabilities. An algorithm to manage such variabilities is proposed. The problem of encoding is then studied with more details, through a comparison of the different methods that can be applied, with the proposal of a middle-ground method between the speed requirements and the size requirements, considering what Unicode support imposes
Fusellier-Souza, Ivani. "Sémiogenèse des langues des signes : étude de langues des signes primaires (LSP) pratiquées par des sourds brésiliens". Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082477.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on a descriptive linguistic study of Primary Signed Languages (PSL) practiced by deaf individuals with no contact with conventional sign languages and living integrated in hearing environment. Our analysis, based on a semiogentic model in which iconicity is the central paradigm (Cuxac, on 2000), includes two levels : morpho-phonetics and morpho-semantics on one hand and strategies participating in the linguistic functioning of PSL on formal, functional and discursive means. The video corpus we have studied is composed of forty-four sequences from spontaneous discourses produced by three Brazilian deaf adults in interaction with one (or two/three) hearing interlocutor(s). We propose a data processing in both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The findings of this study show how elaborated and sophisticated these languages are organised on both cognitive and linguistic aspects. Thereby, the revealed structuring of PSL provides new insights about a range of issues relating to : the semiogenesis of signed languages, the emergence and the dynamic development of human language, the relation between language and cognition as well as the relation between gestuality and language
Macé, Fanny. "Mimésis et Langues des Signes : étude pragmatique de stratégies et dynamiques sémiotiques mimétiques observées dans des interactions spontanées en contextes émergent et international". Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080059/document.
Texto completoMotivated by the fact that sign linguistics found no consensus concerning the symbolic and systemic properties of pantomimes in sign languages, this PhD study focuses on the epistemological issues at stake concerning the way mimetic faculty and language faculty intertwine. With the iconicity theory as semiological frame, we sought to observe the moving behavior of linguistic iconicity within structures and its semiotic plasticity for adaptive needs. We built consequently a video corpus of spontaneous interactions on the field of linguistic contact in emerging sign language and in internationalized sign language. Our qualitative analysis of our annotation, where linguistic structures were linked with their eventual pragmatic mimetic anchor, shows a great diversity of performative simulations of action and perception and a great diversity of tactile strategies, which all serve mimetic semiosis. Our research also shows interactional semiotic dynamics that deal with mimesis, such as mirror effects and synchronization effects. This PhD study finally offers a rich amount of theoretical and empirical data which deepen the issue of a continuity between doing and saying and which tend to integrate the notion of mimesis within language sciences as an ontological force for cognitive and psychic construction and as a social force for cultural construction, including a entropic side dealing with creativity through poetics, as well as a neguentropic side dealing with conventionalization through imitation
Le, Corre Geneviève. "L'organisation structurelle du sens en langue des signes française (LSF) : du statut "figural" du signe standard à l'isotopie "structurelle" du discours signé". Brest, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BRES1003.
Texto completoTranchant, Clarine. "Constructions spatiales et utilisation de l’espace en Langue des signes française". Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/167604201#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Texto completoFor our research, we try to describe exhaustively the linguistic way used in a special field of sign language namely spatiality. The methodology is first to query the data that highlight the spatial constructions in all types of speech and then trying to describe the elements used for the appropriate use of space. The Cuxac’s semiotic model (2000) leads us to distinguish two types of opportunities available to speakers and can say without intending to show and say, pointing. My assumption was to discover whether these two discursive strategies are present at spatial relationships and the use of space in all types of speech. We found two solutions to say in sign language: tell in showing and tell without showing. These possibilities use two types of linguistic means: iconic means with spaced loci (portions of space that I called Oxyi), or standard unit. We believe that sign language questions us on how cognitive and linguistic input in the world. Unlike many authors we do not exclude the role of iconicity presented in sign language, instead it is the organizing principle of language particularly in the field of space
BRAFFORT, ANNE. "Reconnaissance et comprehension de gestes, application a la langue des signes". Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112229.
Texto completoBen, Mlouka Monia. "Le référencement en langue des signes : analyse et reconnaissance du pointé". Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2676/.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the role and analysis of gaze in sign language where it plays an important role. In any language, the gaze keeps the communication relationship. In addition to that, it allows structuring a sign language discourse or interaction between signers, by investing in complex linguistic features. We focus on the role of reference, which is to put the focus on an element of the discourse. In sign language, the components of the discourse are localized in the signing space; thus putting the focus on an element of discourse which is to identify and activate its spatial location (locus), which will mobilize one or more body parts, hands, shoulders, head and eyes. We therefore analyzed the concept of reference in its manual and / or non- manual gestures and set up a reference-based recognition system that takes as input a video in sign language. The recognition system consists of three steps: - 3D modeling of the concept of reference. - The transformation of the 3D model into a 2D model useable by a 2D recognition system. - The detection system, which uses this 2D model. Modeling involves the extraction of gestural characteristics of the concept of reference from corpus consisted of 3D motion capture and gaze and manually annotated videos and the temporal pattern of time lags between motions. Modeling concerns the description of body parts that play a role in reference and the quantification of their gestural. The resulting models describe: 1) The dynamic movement of the dominant hand and 2) the distances between body parts and locus and 3) the time lags between the beginning of motions. The implementation of the recognition method integrates these 3D models. Since the resulting models are three-dimensional and the recognition system has, as input, a 2D video, we propose a transformation of 3D models to 2D to allow their use in the analysis of 2D video and in pattern recognition of reference structures. We can then apply a recognition algorithm to the 2D video corpus. The recognition results are a set of time slots with two main variants of reference. This pioneering work on the characterization and detection of references structures would need to be applied on much larger corpus, consistent and rich and more sophisticated classification methods. However, it allowed to make a reusable methodology of analysis
Cuxac, Christian. "Fonctions et structures de l'iconicité des langues des signes : analyse descriptive d'un idiolecte parisien de la langue des signes française". Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H043.
Texto completoFilhol, Michael. "Modèle descriptif des signes pour un traitement automatique des langues des signes". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00300591.
Texto completoRisler, Annie. "La langue des signes française, langue iconique : ancrage perceptivo-pratique des catégories du langage et localisme cognitif à travers l'étude de la motivation des signes et de la spatialisation des relations sémantiques". Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20044.
Texto completoAl-Shafi, Bilal. "Traitement informatique des signes diacritiques : pour une application automatique et didactique". Université de Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA1029.
Texto completoHutter, Cécilia. "Étude de la variation en langue des signes française (LSF) : approche sociolinguistique". Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL023.
Texto completoFerran, Florence. "L'accès à l'écrit de l'enfant sourd : quelles complémentarités entre la Langue des Signes Française (LSF) et le Langage Parlé Complété (LPC) ?" Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT2012.
Texto completoThis work explores the way in which the young deaf accesses the written language, written language in the sense of the production of writings. We will, first of all, find out what a deaf student produces in class. We will observe a difference between the deaf using the French Sign Language (LSF) and the oral deaf mastering Cued speech (LPC) by favoring, for one, the semantic field and, for the other, the phonological approach of the language. In view of the difficulties identified in the two types of writing, a problematic revolves around the association of French Sign Language and Cued Speech in the hypothesis of combining the semantic field, the phonological path and the appearance scriptural necessary for the production of writings. Despite resistance and context, the innovative nature of this work lies in the joint exploitation by the young deaf, the French Sign Language and Cued Speech, as favoring access to the written word. This assumes that the deaf, from an early age, appropriates these two communication tools We will discuss the obstacles that this problem may face. It is about the historical and institutional realities in which the debates around deafness are today
Bianchini, Claudia Savina. "Analyse métalinguistique de l'émergence d'un système d'écriture des langues des signes : SignWriting et son application à la langue des signes italienne (LIS)". Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA084101.
Texto completoSign Languages (SL) do not have a written form and most of the systems intended to represent them have shown many failures. This study is based on SignWriting (SW), which seems to be the best system, among the existing ones, to represent the forms of SL. The aim of this work is to understand how, despite the apparent complexity of the system, SW appears to be so easy to use by trained deaf users; moreover, this work wants to show SW capacities as a tool to encourage metalinguistic observations on LIS. At first the system itself is analyzed as well as the frequent problems that emerge when expert in SL and SW deaf users use it. This approach outlines most of these difficulties, allowing to understand (and sometimes resolve) them, which in turn favors the development of the system. Users’ observations cover not only the system itself but also its adequacy for the writing and transcription of SL, highlighting its potential as a means to raise metalinguistic thinking. The final part of the analysis is dedicated to the proposals for improvement of SW, on the basis of the data gathered and the analysis carried out. These improvements aim at teaching the system to deaf adults and informatization of SW. In conclusion, SW seems to be a promising system, effective to represent the forms of SL, despite some problems and the need for improvements; the deaf community will have to decide whether to adopt it as a writing system, take it as a starting point aiming in that direction, or use it just to transmit the shape of the signs
Le Lingue dei Segni (LS) sono prive di una forma scritta e la maggior parte dei sistemi elaborati per la loro rappresentazione ha mostrato numerose lacune. Questo studio si concentra su SignWriting (SW), che tra tutti sembra meglio riuscire a rappresentare le forme delle LS. Scopo del lavoro è capire come, a fronte di un’apparente complessità del sistema, SW risulti così facile da usare per gli utenti sordi che lo hanno appreso; inoltre, esso mira a mostrare le capacità di SW come strumento per promuovere le riflessioni metalinguistiche sulla LIS. Dapprima viene analizzato il sistema stesso ma anche le problematiche ricorrenti nel suo uso da parte di utenti sordi esperti di LS e di SW. Tale approccio raggruppa e porta a comprendere (e talvolta a risolvere) gran parte di tali difficoltà, favorendo quindi lo sviluppo del sistema. Le considerazioni degli utenti spaziano sia sul sistema che sulle sue attitudini per la scrittura e la trascrizione della LS, sottolineandone la potenzialità come mezzo per suscitare riflessioni metalinguistiche. La parte finale dell’analisi è dedicata a proposte di migliorie per SW, basate sui dati e le analisi effettuate, sia in vista del suo insegnamento ad adulti sordi che della sua informatizzazione. In conclusione, SW appare come un sistema ricco di possibilità ed efficace per la rappresentazione delle forme delle LS, nonostante alcune problematiche rilevanti e la necessità di migliorie; sarà poi alla comunità sorda decidere se adottarlo come sistema di scrittura, farne un punto di partenza in tale direzione o usarlo semplicemente per veicolare la forma dei segni
Jourdain, Christiane Garrec. "Théâtre des gestes : création, transmission à partir d'une langue gestuelle". Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2010/JOURDAIN-GARREC_Christiane_2010.pdf.
Texto completoMy research questions the imagination of the body through a model of transmission and production. This means understanding, with a system of communication that does not use the spoken word, how a deaf actor can integrate his own method of teaching to a didactic model. It is a question of research on a particular esthetical form concerning the silent body. To accept the lack of words in these conditions is not trying to reproduce words by gests neither is it trying to imitate the action of individuals we have taken as models. I reveal a theory in a teaching system which creates a theatre of gests, a process founded on visibility. If one considers that the use of different languages could open new perspectives, one could envisage that the initial language (sign language) could be thought of as an emerging artistic form. A movement that reinvents itself in a context open to other languages where each person’s particularity is concerned: a movement which introduces contemporary creation. It is a question of displacing the frontiers or the intermingling of languages which brings us to different ways of thinking. The rule of art is not to enclose each human being in his domain, but to open up unknown territories. This study underlines the importance of the multi-field research of the subject observed which conditions the exploitation and the experimentation of its transformation in contemporary art. An original esthetical approach invites us to put into question continually existing artistic languages
Morillon, Françoise. "Le corps pour le dire : dimensions gestuelle et visuelle du langage : pour une approche didactique de la Langue des Signes Française enseignée à l'entendant". Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT3030.
Texto completoBoutora, Leïla. "Fondements historiques et implications théoriques d'une phonologie en langue des signes : étude de la perception catégorielle des configurations manuelles en LSF et réflexion sur la transcription des langues des signes". Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA082913.
Texto completoSigned and spoken languages are expressed in two different modalities. The main question of the present work is to know whether this difference of modality leads to differences on structure. Particularly, we are interested in questions asked by a sign language phonology, and in the possibility to take account of the semantic dimension at a low level. I will show the inadequacy of structural equivalences postulated by classical phonological studies on sign languages, particularly the "sign = word" equivalence. These theoretical problems have implications on choices made on protocols of experimental studies. Finally, the premise of structural equivalence is kept by transcription practices of sign language corpora at all levels of analysis, and these practices don't allow us to account for the mean-form relation in sign languages
Limousin, Fanny. "Acquisition de la référence personnelle en LSF : analyse longitudinale des pointages, des formes nulles et des noms signés chez une enfant sourde de parents sourds". Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/163834776#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Texto completoThe research focuses on the acquisition of reference to first and second persons in subject position in LSF (French Sign Language). Pointing, null forms and name signs are analyzed in the longitudinal data of a deaf child with deaf parents filmed at home by the author between the ages of 8 months and 3 years. The relevance of this issue is justified at first through the exploration and comparison of the work of a number of authors who have studied gestures, and particularly pointing gestures, in vocal and signed languages using various theoretical frameworks. One of the approaches used is the focus on iconicity and the analysis of the structures of personal transfer. This research is the first to use this approach on the longitudinal data of a young child. An overview of the acquisition of personal reference in the first and second persons in vocal and signed languages is then presented. This research is therefore at the crossroads of interactive, acquisition and linguistic studies. At the linguistic level, in this study, I analyze various forms of subject reference to first and second persons. Null forms and name signs can indeed possibly be used for first and second person pronouns in the productions of children acquiring LSF as a first language
De, Souza Rute Maria. "La langue des signes française à l'usage des sourds dans les messages audiovisuels". Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21011.
Texto completoThis research has been based on the links between the French sign language, the natural tongue or mother-tongue of the deaf, and on the importance of this same language seen in relationship with audio-visual media aids. We have focused on the means of communication by the deaf: their social relationships, their different types of language and the importance of the French sign language, this last being the most efficient method in allowing the deaf to communicate easily and to learn spoken and written French. At the same time, we have studied the importance and the influence of the media in modern society, television being the media which reaches the greatest number of people across the world. By this means, we have noticed all the difficulties which deaf people meet confronted by the language used by French television ; translations into sign language and sub-titling being the means the most adapted to this social group. Television is, therefore, a language learning tool for the children, as well as being a means of social identification. From this basis, we have compared the importance of the place given to sign language on French television, with that of different countries, basing the comparison on the length of transmission periods per week. A greater use of the French sign language system in audio-visual communication would allow the young deaf child to learn, the adolescent to develop and the adult to express himself with ease
Hadjadj, Mohammed. "Modélisation de la Langue des Signes Française : Proposition d’un système à compositionalité sémantique". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS560/document.
Texto completoThe recognition of French Sign Language (LSF) as a natural language in 2005 has created an important need for the development of tools to make information accessible to the deaf public. With this prospect, this thesis aims at linguistic modeling for a system of generation of LSF. We first present the different linguistic approaches aimed at describing the sign language (SL). We then present the models proposed in computer science. In a second step, we propose an approach allowing to take into account the linguistic properties of the SL while respecting the constraints of a formalisation process.By studying the links between semantic functions and their observed forms in LSF Corpora, we have identified several production rules. We finally present the rule functioning as a system capable of modeling an entire utterance in LSF
Morgenstern, Aliyah. "L'enfant apprenti-énonciateur : l'auto-désignation chez l'enfant en français, en anglais et en Langue des signes Française". Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030024.
Texto completoAt the crossing of enunciation theory and language acquisition, the aim of this research, based on the study of self-words, is to elaborate hypotheses about the development of the child as apprentice enunciator. Between the ages of eighteen and thirty months, various markers are used by children to designate themselves - null-form, preverbal vowels, name, he she, me, my, you. I. Between thirty and thirty-six months, the use of i is stabilized and the other markers tend to disappear in subject position. At the same time, the children start manipulating various tenses, modes and aspects. This research, based on the previous observations, is composed of two parts. In the first part, analysing tools and hypotheses are elaborated thanks to the study of various works and of data in french, english and french sign language. The second part consists in the detailed analysis of the data of a french little boy, filmed for the purpose of this research from the age of eighteen to thirty nine months in his natural environment. The conclusion of this study is that the mastery of the first person pronoun comes after a disjunction between the marking of the child as agent and as enunciator. At the end of the acquisition process, the child joins these two dimensions in one marker, i, showing a full appropriation of language and an equal sharing in coenunciation
Lapoutge, Stéphane. "Lien de ressemblance entre le signe standard animalier et le référent en langue des signes française". Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20021.
Texto completoThe animalist gestural's significant can be decomposed in differents parameters which are similar to the atom sense. These parameters had been set forth by Wiliam Stokoe under the name of "semantic phonology". The similarity link between signifiant and referent is to apprehend, according to Christian Cuxac, from the inherent iconicity's principe to the signs language. Decomposing signs from phonologic's parameters keep showing that a micro-iconicity which constructs the sign by successive steps does exist. Now, the differents parameters follow the coercive action of extralinguistic on bringing into the language, however well the sign, structured from parameters in a linguistic's point of view, and composed not only from its referent but also from behavioural or cultural motif which are associated to it. In fact, the infra-lexical structure of signs is mold depending on what is representing, which authorize over a big latitude as far as possibilities of gesturals derivations and lexicals creations and allow to put into practice a principe of gestural economy that can be directed, according to Frishberg who had worked in the American signs language, towards the arbitrary. Moreover, the sign can not be conceived without the "signeur" subject's dimension. The latter is effectively necessary as a sign's support and play a fundamental role and fundator in its structuration so far as it is presented like a place of other body's metaphor, sort of transfer-metaphor where the "signeur" and the referent meet each other as being juxtaposed. This sign creation's model, where the representing's subject and object seem to be symbiotic makes clearer as well the link existes between the form and the sense of the sign
Reverdy, Clément. "Annotation et synthèse basée données des expressions faciales de la Langue des Signes Française". Thesis, Lorient, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORIS550.
Texto completoFrench Sign Language (LSF) represents part of the identity and culture of the deaf community in France. One way to promote this language is to generate signed content through virtual characters called signing avatars. The system we propose is part of a more general project of gestural synthesis of LSF by concatenation that allows to generate new sentences from a corpus of annotated motion data captured via a marker-based motion capture device (MoCap) by editing existing data. In LSF, facial expressivity is particularly important since it is the vector of numerous information (e.g., affective, clausal or adjectival). This thesis aims to integrate the facial aspect of LSF into the concatenative synthesis system described above. Thus, a processing pipeline is proposed, from data capture via a MoCap device to facial animation of the avatar from these data and to automatic annotation of the corpus thus constituted. The first contribution of this thesis concerns the employed methodology and the representation by blendshapes both for the synthesis of facial animations and for automatic annotation. It enables the analysis/synthesis scheme to be processed at an abstract level, with homogeneous and meaningful descriptors. The second contribution concerns the development of an automatic annotation method based on the recognition of expressive facial expressions using machine learning techniques. The last contribution lies in the synthesis method, which is expressed as a rather classic optimization problem but in which we have included
Tourangeau, Jean. "Signes iconiques et énoncés linguistiques en vidéo". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28614.
Texto completoAndré, Danièle. "Cinéma de science-fiction et sociétés anglophones contemporaines". Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030108.
Texto completoThis thesis aims to show that science fiction films are not only entertaining but that they are also thought-provoking. The benefit of hindsight enables us to appreciate contemporary english speaking societies through the glimpses shown by the science fiction films of the eighties. When we take a second look at them, we realise that they reflect our questioning about our daily life. They depict a world controlled by economic and political groups, and jeopardised by the military. However, science fiction films also deal with deeper worries such as our ideals, our hopes and our fears. Thus they clearly show the opposition between what we would like to be and what we are, and help us to understand better the roles of religion and science. Moreover, the films studied also reflect our behaviour towards our environment, and what it reveals about ourselves, and towards others. They also mirror the changes which have occurred in personal relationships, but also show that women's role in society has not really evolved. Science fiction films of the eighties tell us, somehow, that what makes human beings different from other living beings is also what makes us face our more painful reality, death, and our inability to accept it. We must not forget that science fiction films are an entertainment enabling us to dream and enjoy ourselves. However, science fiction films also ask us which life we would like to lead; they may evoke a dehumanized future, but they set us free to act and turn these pessimistic prospects into better ones
Rebelo, Antonio. "Développement cognitif de l'enfant sourd - contribution de la méthodologie gestuelle". Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20016.
Texto completoThe “bonding” and “attachment” relationship developed between the hearing parents who use the spoken language with his deaf child is quite different from the one developed between deaf parents and is also deaf child. The results are different : the first parents have a soliloquy relationship where as the second ones have an interaction relationship. Also the development of the linguistic interaction has a different relation in each of the referred groups : those using the sign language develop the linguistic communication at all stages – syntax, morphology and semantics – while children using spoken language don't have that possibility. These facts induced us to make a study about cognitive development between the two groups of deaf children : one whose parents could hear and another whose parents are deaf. The concept of Perception ; Action (sensory-motor and which we name “empirical abstraction”) ; Operation (as a result from the conceptual construction - “reflexive abstraction”) help the individual to get a conceptual net of coherent structures. The important about cognitive development is the capability of making reflexive abstractions - mental operations. The sensory-motor experience is expressed by actions while the conceptual one is expressed through symbols
Moreau, Cédric. "Stratégies de reconstruction du sens en langue des signes française à partir de données incomplètes en et hors contexte : perspectives pour la constitution d’un lexique-dictionnaire à entrée directe en langue des signes". Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083515.
Texto completoWhile the mind can isolate, in a relevant way, minimum production structures in sign language as meaningful elements, they must be performed simultaneously, to be activated in real life communication. Therefore a new paradigm can be defined claiming from iconicity, Gestalt and catastrophe theories. This theoretical framework leads us to identify and describe the strategies used by signers in their attempts to reconstruct meaning from truncated input data in and out of context. This work provides for new issues for reflection in the making of sign language dictionaries / lexicons. These tools should be built from the prägnanz of such primary and secondary morphemic subspaces but also from the dynamic weighting of constituting morphemic units. We should also underline the need for not limiting the elements in current dictionaries to single lexicalized signs but extending them to transfer structures
Delorme, Maxime. "Modélisation du squelette pour la génération réaliste de postures de la langue des signes française". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00672085.
Texto completoHugounenq, Héléne. "Pratiques langagières des sourds et discours autour de la langue des signes : l'intégration en question". Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0380.
Texto completoThis research started from the following question. Why is sign language still perceived as an obstacle to integration of the deaf in French society, especially when it recognized as its own language, when a number of unimpaired people learn it, when it is present in the media and when interpreters are trained? By deconstructing the notions of integration and of language, we show, in an observation of daily language habits of the deaf and the unimpaired who surround them, that communication modes do not only affect interactions but also our sense of belonging: to a country with the language one speaks, to a region with the accent that one has, to a social class with the vocabulary one uses. In effect, language is often perceived as that which binds people together, defines a specific group, creates an identity. The deaf who practices sign language are categorized as a different and hermetic group than those who speak the French language, like individuals posing a problem of integration. Nevertheless, after a several years of immersion in the deaf population, it appears that in reality, any individual identity and language practice is plural. This plurality doesn't mean necessarily an identity rupture
Lenseigne, Boris. "Intégration de connaissances linguistiques dans un système de vision : application à l'étude de la langue des signes". Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30304.
Texto completoHatem, Abir. "L'incidence de la privation du langage sur l'acquisition du sentiment moral chez l'enfant sourd en France et en Syrie". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20032/document.
Texto completoIn this research, we study the moral development of deaf children in the view intercultural. We are interested of the cognitive operation in the case of auditory deprivation: the cognition as a resource of representation and the development as the result of communication with the environment. Our problematic concerns the interest of the relationship between the social interaction and the moral development in the deaf child. How to develop a deaf child the language interactions without auditory function? Why the deaf child is unable to have easily the access of the moral judgment? Is there a relationship between deprivation language and the delay in the moral judgment? Is the moral judgment is related to the culture. This thesis focuses on the study, if deaf child have difficulty of accessing to the moral judgment. We expect that the moral judgment in the deaf children occur in the same steps that occur in the entendant child, and depend substantially on social interaction
Kervajan, Loïc. "Contribution à la traduction automatique Français/Langue des Signes Française (LSF) au moyen de personnages virtuels". Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00697726.
Texto completoLosson, Olivier. "Modélisation du geste communicatif et réalisation d'un signeur virtuel de phrases en langue des signes grançaise". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003332.
Texto completoVergé, Françoise. "Rôles et valeurs sémantico-syntaxiques du regard et des mouvements oculaires en Langue de Signes Française". Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA082004.
Texto completoLosson, Olivier. "Modélisation du geste communicatif et réalisation d'un signeur virtuel de phrases en langue des signes française". Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-13-14.pdf.
Texto completoAfin de marquer le type de clause, l'expressivite non-manuelle - notamment faciale - est de premiere importance. Le systeme a ete integralement implante pour aboutir a l'animation d'un signeur virtuel. L'exigence de configurations naturelles pour les chaines articulaires a necessite le developpement d'un modele realiste pour l'avatar, et de methodes specifiques de cinematique inverse pour l'orientation et le positionnement manuels. L'ensemble, de l'analyseur syntaxique au module de generation graphique tridimensionnelle, constitue un prototype performant d'obtention de phrases signees. Dote d'une interface graphique, il laisse entrevoir (comme le prouve un exemple illustratif) toute une gamme d'applications pour lesquelles la video n'est pas adaptee, tirant principalement profit de la compacite de l'encodage et de la rapidite avec laquelle sont produits les signes
Lejeune, Fanch. "Analyse sémantico-cognitive d'énoncés en langue des signes française pour une génération automatique de séquences gestuelles". Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112325.
Texto completoThe thesis proposes a framework of study to consider the generation of gestural sequences in French Sign Language from an operational analysis who gives a privileged place to cognitive semantics. This study is essential because FSL is based on linguistic information implying a closer relation between form and meaning. Chapter 1 presents various systems dedicated to sign languages by showing how the semantics is considered and the model selected which conceives translation via transfer of representations. The generation takes place on- a description of the semantic level in the form of representations built from the assumptions postulated by Grammar Applicative and Cognitive (Desclés J. P) (chap. 2). - an operational analysis integrating modelling in the space of the signor. From this point of view, two essential parameters are better characterized: manual configuration and movement (Chap. 3). To carry out this project, we focused on the analysis of verbal forms who denote location, actions of movement or transfer and we propose networks of significance and situations of some verbs (chap. 4). The prospects for such a work are multiple: to consider systems IHM taking as a starting point the the operational analysis presented here, of the dictionaries French multimedia – LSF integrating a module of generation such as it is considered here, of the systems of assistance to the training of French or the LSF