Tesis sobre el tema "Land Use Transport modelling"
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Kinsey, Michael Jon. "Vertical transport evacuation modelling". Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2011. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/7786/.
Texto completoJonsson, R. Daniel. "Analysing Sustainable Urban Transport and Land-Use : Modelling tools and appraisal frameworks". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Transport and Economics, Royal Institute of Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9481.
Texto completoMahalingam, Arun. "Modelling the generation of toxic combustion products and its transport in enclosure fires". Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2007. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6235/.
Texto completoBaraklianos, Ioannis. "The accessibility in Land-Use Transport Interaction models : four essays on location choice models". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2037/document.
Texto completoThis PhD thesis has as objective to examine the place and the importance of accessibility in location choice models of households and firms, two key construction elements of Land-Use Transport Interaction models. More specifically, the aim is to analyse the effect of various methodological choices from a theoretical and empirical point of view in order to give some answers to theoretical, methodological, empirical and policy issues. Having as a case study the urban area of Lyon and using discrete models to explain the location choices of households and firms, four research papers comprise the main work of this dissertation.In the first paper, the objective was to analyse the effect of the accessibility measure on the results of residential location choice model. While accessibility has always been important at theoretical level, at empirical level, some works questioned its importance, considering other location characteristics as more influential. This paper examines whether different accessibility measurement methods can lead to divergent results. The conclusion is that accessibility is an indispensable variable for residential location choice models and the conclusion remains the same whatever is the measure. Without accessibility, the model gives inconsistent results. Complex accessibility measures give better results, especially for predictions, but simple measures are also relevant for residential location choices modelling.In the second paper, the objective was to analyse the differences of accessibility preferences between new and relocating firms. Accessibility is one of the most important attributes of a location choice of an economic establishment. However, even if it seems intuitive, works analysing any differences between creations and relocations are scarce. Using data from eighteconomic sectors and comparing creations to relocations, the results demonstrate that the effect of accessibility differs between in the same economic sector.In the third paper, the objective was to evaluate the difference of the accessibility impact on the location choices of firms of the business services sector. Distinguishing between Front Office and Back Office business services in a location choice model, the results demonstrate that the effect of accessibility differs between economic subsectors.In the fourth paper, the objective was to analyse the temporal evolution of the preferences for accessibility for residential choices. More and more people choose to buy a residence at the suburbs taking advantage of the accessibility increase. At the same time, young households, the so called millennials, choose to rent in central areas. Distinguishing between renters andowners, the analysis of the elasticities for 1999, 2006 and 2013 confirm the initial intuition. Renters were always more sensitive to accessibility to employment. More importantly, renters show an increasing preference for accessibility during the analysis period, while the owners the opposite. We suggest that planners and model developers should integrate temporal dynamics into their models in order to anticipate better future tendencies
Moyo, Hazvinei Tsitsi Tamuka. "The dynamic interaction of land use and transport in a highly fragmented city: the case of Cape Town, South Africa". Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31838.
Texto completoZhu, Jie. "A spatial computable general equilibrium model for London and surrounding regions". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610888.
Texto completoHo, Hsin-Tzu. "A new infrastructure demand model for urban business and leisure hubs : a case study of Taichung". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273170.
Texto completoAvner, Paolo. "Effectiveness and Political Economy of Climate Change Mitigation Policies at the Urban Scale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0022.
Texto completoUrbanization is one of the most defining traits of the 21st century with people flocking to cities in massive numbers in developing countries. Given the inertia and path dependence that urban forms display, there is a strong need to get urbanization right today. One key aspect is to ensure low-carbon and sustainable urban futures and avoid carbon-intensive lock-ins, in particular for emissions stemming from urban transport. Technology in the form of more efficient vehicles and alternative fuels currently does not seem to be able to achieve this goal alone. And as urban transport CO2 emissions are partially a by-product of urban forms; land-use, housing and transport policies are increasingly recognized as important levers to curb transport demand and promote soft and collective transport modes which contribute to emission mitigation.However important, reducing CO2 emissions is but one of city policy makers’ objectives: acting on poverty, providing basic services and access to affordable housing to name a few are equally important. So that policies aiming to reduce emissions, that would jeopardize other goals or result in lower welfare levels (mainly through higher housing costs) have low chances of being accepted and implemented. Successful urban-transport climate policies need to be both effective and politically acceptable.Starting from this assessment, this dissertation investigates how a subset of urban, land and transport policies and investments can contribute to curb transport-related CO2 emissions and what are the welfare consequences for households in urban areas. This is done through the development, calibration and application of a micro-economically founded land use – transport model (NEDUM-2D) to real-world urban areas
Ghédira, Aymen. "Planification urbaine et développement durable en Tunisie : vers une nouvelle conception de la conduite publique des systèmes de déplacement et de localisation". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH036/document.
Texto completoThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between urban planning and sustainable development in relation to urban development policy and in particular the territorial management. In our design approach, we focus on the different dynamics (travel and mobility) moreover, morphological and structural changes (land uses) on the scale of the urban area in order to single public decision in urban development long lasting. Our choices were enrolled voluntarily in a trans-disciplinary logic has proved to be particularly suited to our different theoretical, methodological and empirical appeal.Treat the Tunisian context in transition; this research proposes a hybrid public decision model to determine the features of an adapted urban planning to different contexts and current requirements of sustainability. Using both foresight technics, integrated land use-transportation models, simulation and multi-criteria analysis technics allowed us an integrated and iterative construction of several levels of partial evaluation and a level of overall evaluation. The model designed and tested for the town of Sousse will allow policy makers to have a synthetic grid information from a decision as complete as possible account of urban reality. It offers different levels of thematic evaluation and a global level integrating all. The approach can be used as reference to other Tunisian cities and will therefore have a real impact on the quality of their development
Saujot, Mathieu. "Analyse économique et simulation prospective dans la planification de la ville sobre en carbone : Application à Grenoble du modèle TRANUS+". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00982385.
Texto completoJahanshahi, Kaveh. "Quantification of the influences of built-form upon travel of employed adults : new models based on the UK National Travel Survey". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267841.
Texto completoHo, Wing-hei Nancy y 何穎曦. "Land use and transport: how accessibility shapes land use". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46736852.
Texto completoPapadimitriou, Fivos. "Land use modelling, land degradation and land use planning in East Attica, Greece". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670256.
Texto completoSilva, Thiago Canhos Montmorency. "Planejamento urbano e transporte urbano de carga: investigação de modelos de integração e aplicação do modelo Freturb em um recorte urbano em São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3146/tde-24082016-082153/.
Texto completoThe effervescence of the modern city is only possible due to the continuous movement of people and goods. The movement of goods is trivial for of commercial, industrial and service activities. However, it is conditioned by the patterns of land use and urban density. This research approaches aspects of the relation between the urban freight transport and the structuring of urban areas in Brazil. The main objective is to analyze the mutual relationship among urban logistics and urban land use parameters on developing urban areas in São Paulo. Thus, applicable approaches, methodologies and models were identified, selected and analyzed, in light of their potential to support the integration of urban development and urban freight transport conditions. A selected model, the Freturb, was applied in an urban area in the city of São Paulo. Located in the region of Santa Cecilia and Higienopolis, the case study area was modeled, firstly, according to its current urban setting and then with their urban predictions for the years 2025 and 2030, according the new parameters of Master Plan of São Paulo, approved in 2014. The modeling results were classified and discussed accordingly to three aspects: Land Use Aspects, Logistics Aspects and Urban Traffic Aspects. The research also compared the results of the case study area located in São Paulo with other French urban areas, selected in the Center of Lyon and 4th. Arrondissement of Paris. Such a comparison allowed analyzing the relationship between the employability and the density of freight movements, in the three urban areas. The research revealed that the area in São Paulo requires more freight movement and urban road space and/or is supplied by less organized logistics systems, with regard to the latter two French areas. Also, the size and profile of the establishment can increase the loading and unloading time of operation in an urban area. Finally, the urban predictions, 2025 and 2030, motivated by the new Master Plan of São Paulo, allowed evaluating and understanding the possible impacts of population density and employment in demand for urban freight transport. And, they also allowed verifing the possible associated impacts, such as the increase in stops at \"double-park\" and road occupancy by goods vehicles.
Fontaine, Corentin M. "Residential agents and land use change modelling". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4626.
Texto completoBatunacun. "Modelling land use and land cover change on the Mongolian Plateau". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21796.
Texto completoThe aims of this thesis are to gain an integrated and systematic understanding of the processes and determinants of land degradation on the Mongolian Plateau. Xilingol was chosen as a suitable example, mainly since it is covered by vast grassland, and has experienced almost all ecological policies that have been implemented in China. Two distinct phases were identified in this region: 1975-2000 and 2000-2015. During the first phase (up to 2000), land degradation was the dominant land use change process, accounting for 11.4% of the total area. During this phase, human disturbance was the major driver in eight counties, whereas the water condition was the dominant driver in six counties. During the second phase (post-2000), land restoration increased (12.0% of the total area), whereas degradation continued, resulting in a further 9.5% of degraded land. During this phase, urbanisation became the dominant driver of land degradation in seven counties, while effects resulting from human disturbance and water availability decreased after 2000. After identifying the major drivers of degradation, the complex relationships between drivers and grassland degradation were captured. The results indicated that the distance to dense, moderately dense grass and sparse grass and sheep density were responsible for the grassland degradation dynamics. In this thesis, a clustering method, partial order theory and Hasse diagram techniques were first used to identify the major drivers of land degradation at the county level. Subsequently, an approach from machine learning, XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting), was used to predict the dynamics of grassland degradation. Moreover, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values were used to open up the black box model, and the primary driver was extracted for each pixel showing degradation.
Van, Zyl N. J. W. "Land-use transport strategies to cope with suburbanisation". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52913.
Texto completoENGLISH ABSTRACT: Suburbanisation is a world-wide phenomenon and is characterised by the decline of central business districts and accelerated growth of commercial activities in the suburbs. The impact of suburbanisation is wide-spread and multi-dimensional, affecting the whole urban system in terms of its structure, activity and transport patterns. In South Africa, suburbanisation, together with the impact of the former group areas policy, has made suburban developments less accessible to the low-income groups living on the edges of the metropolitan area. Planners have proposed various urban densification strategies for the rather unique problems of the spatially inefficient South African cities, including corridor development along main public transport routes and the development of activity nodes. In order to implement these urban densification strategies successfully, it is important to understand the locational choice behaviour of business managers, and the factors that will attract them to locate in a certain area. This will enable metropolitan authorities to evaluate and implement the best policies to promote development of priority corridors and nodes The research for this dissertation was motivated by the extensive problems of suburbanisation, the lack of knowledge on the relative impact of land-use transport factors on the locational choices of businesses, and the apparent limited application of stated preference (SP) survey techniques and discrete choice models to spatial choices of businesses for urban planning purposes. The main objectives of the research were to determine the locational choice behaviour of retail businesses in strategic spatial terms, and how this knowledge can best be used to manage suburbanisation. The dissertation reviews intemational and South African studies on the planning and policies of the main role players in the urban system relating to retail suburbanisation, i.e. the planning authority, retail firms and consumers. The dissertation discusses the results of the market research that was done among Cape Town retailers located in the CSO, and in low- and high-income suburbs. The survey collected quantitative information regarding the locational choice factors of retail managers, importance ratings of choice factors as well as stated preferences for CSO and suburban locations. The calibration results of various discrete locational choice models are discussed, including elasticities of choice factors obtained from model applications to the SP data. The development of a spreadsheet locational choice model based on typical characteristics of CSO and suburban locations is subsequently discussed. Elasticities of choice factors from the application of the spreadsheet model were determined and the model was also used to test a decentralisation trend scenario and a managed suburbanisation scenario. The dissertation makes conclusions and recommendations regarding the most important locational choice factors of retail managers, and the most effective policies and strategies for metropolitan authorities to manage suburbanisation and promote urban densification. The performance of SP models applied to spatial choices are also evaluated and recommendations are made regarding their application and further research needs.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Stedelike desentralisasie is 'n wêreldwye verskynsel wat gekenmerk word deur die verval van sentrale sakegebiede (SSG) en die snelle groei van handelsbedrywighede in voorstede. Die impak van desentralisasie is verreikend en multi-dimensioneel en beïnvloed die hele stadstelsel in terme van sy struktuur, aktiwiteite and reispatrone. In Suid Afrika het desentralisasie saam met die impak van die voormalige groepsgebiedebeleid voorstedelike ontwikkelings minder toeganklik gemaak vir die lae-inkomstegroepe wat op die rand van die metropolitaanse gebiede woon. Beplanners het verskeie stadsverdigtingstrategieë, insluitende korridorontwikkeling langs hoofvervoerroetes en die ontwikkeling van aktiwiteitsnodusse voorgestelom die unieke probleme van die ruimtelik ondoeltreffende Suid-Afrikaanse stede die hoof te bied. Om hierdie stadsverdigtingstrategieë suksesvol te implementeer, is dit egter belangrik om die liggingskeusegedrag van besigheidsbestuurders, sowel as die faktore wat hulle beweeg om hulle in 'n spesifieke gebied te vestig, te verstaan. Hierdie kennnis sal metropolitaanse owerhede in staat stelom beleid te evalueer en die beste beleidsopsies te implementeer om die ontwikkeling van voorkeurkorridors en nodusse te bevorder. Die navorsing vir hierdie verhandeling is gemotiveer deur die omvattende probleme wat deur stedelike desentralisasie veroorsaak word, die gebrek aan kennis oor die relatiewe impak van grondgebruik-vervoerfaktore op die liggingskeuse van besighede, en die klaarblyklik beperkte toepassing van verklaardevoorkeuropnametegnieke (V V) en diskrete-keusemodelle op die liggingskeuses van besighede vir stadsbeplanningsdoeleindes. Die hoofdoelstellings van die navorsing was om die liggingskeusegedrag van kleinhandelbesighede in strategiese ruimtelike terme te bepaal en vas te stel hoe hierdie kennis gebruik kan word om stedelike desentralisasie te bestuur. In hierdie verhandeling word 'n oorsig gegee van die internasionale en Suid- Afrikaanse studies oor die beplanning en beleid van die belangrikste rolspelers in the stadstelsel wat desentralisasie van kleinhandel betref, naamlik die beplanningsowerheid, kleinhandelfirmas en verbruikers. Die resultate van marknavorsing onder kleinhandelaars vanuit Kaapstad se SSG en lae- en hoë-inkomstevoorstede, word bespreek. Die opname het kwantitatiewe inligting oor die liggingskeusefaktore van kleinhandelaars, die belangrikheid wat hulle aan keusefaktore heg, en hulle verklaarde voorkeure ten opsigte van vestiging in die SSG of die voorstede, ingesamel. Die kalibrasieresultate van verskeie diskretekeusemodelle word bespreek, insluitende die elastisiteite van keusefaktore wat deur die toepassing van die modelop V V-data verkry is. Vervolgens word die ontwikkeling van 'n liggingskeusemodel in 'n spreitabel wat op tipiese kenmerke van SSG- en voorstedelike liggings gebaseer is, bespreek. Elastisteite van die liggingsfaktore is bepaal deur die toepassing van die spreitabelmodel, en die model is ook gebruik om 'n desentraliasietendensscenario en 'n bestuurdedesentralisasiescenario te toets. Ten slotte word daar gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings gemaak oor die belangrikste liggingskeusefaktore van kleinhandelaars, en die mees effektiewe beleidsopsies en strategieë wat metropolitaanse owerhede kan volg om stedelike desentralisasie te bestuur en stadsverdigting te bevorder. Die werkverrigting van V V-modelle wanneer dit op die liggingskeuse van besighede toegepas word, word ook geëvalueer en aanbevelings word gemaak oor die toepassing daarvan en verdere navorsing wat nodig is
Pudasaini, Madhu S., University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College y School of Engineering and Industrial Design. "Erosion modelling under different land use management practices". THESIS_CSTE_EID_Pudasaini_M.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/721.
Texto completoMaster of Engineering (Hons)
Pudasaini, Madhu Sudan. "Erosion modelling under different land use management practices". View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20040401.140345/index.html.
Texto completoMesev, T. Victor. "Urban land use modelling from classified satellite imagery". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/f900aca1-b631-4612-a4a1-8d5bb2a7234e.
Texto completoTizora, Petronella Chenayi. "Modelling land use and land cover change in the Western Cape Province". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65948.
Texto completoDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology
MSc
Unrestricted
Moxey, Andrew Paul. "Agricultural economics within the NERC/ESRC Land Use Programme". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285319.
Texto completoBoshielo, Shela Paulina Polly. "Is successful integration of land-use and transport planning centred around a catalytic city-wide public transport network improvement project?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29423.
Texto completoStabile, Marcelo C. C. "Deconstructing the complexity of land use and cover classification and land change modelling". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8640.
Texto completoBachels, Mark A. "Development of sustainable urban transport energy policy : transport and land use planning implications". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Environmental Science, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6062.
Texto completoLee, Chi-on. "Sustainable development and integrated transport planning : "Is Hong Kong moving towards a more sustainable transport system for new development areas?" /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2104238X.
Texto completoAalders, Ingrid H. "Landscape ecology and sustainable land use planning in East Suffolk". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323351.
Texto completoCarneiro, Tiago Garcia de Senna. "Nested-ca: a foundation for multiscale modelling of land use and land cover change". Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 2006. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m17@80/2007/01.03.11.57.
Texto completoThis work presents the mathematical foundations of the Nested Cellular Automata (nested-CA) model, a model of computation for multiple scale Land Use and Land Cover Change studies. The main properties of nested-CA model are described and compared to the agent-based and cellular automata models of computation. The nested- CA model has been implemented in a software environment, called TerraME (Terra Modeling Environment), which provides a high-level modeling language for model description, a set of spatiotemporal data structures for model representation and simulation, a module for spatiotemporal data management and analysis integrated to a geographic information system, and a set of functions for model calibration and validation. We describe the main design choices involved in the development of the TerraME modeling environment. Its architecture is detailed and the main properties are compared with other modeling tools: Swarm, STELLA, and GEONAMICA. Finally, the concept of nested-CA and the TerraME architecture are demonstrated in two applications of land cover change in the Brazilian Amazon.
Rodríguez, Eraso Nelly. "Land-cover and land-use change and deforestation in Colombia: spatial dynamics, drivers and modelling". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/84004.
Texto completoThis study analyzes the land cover change with emphasis on the deforestation processes in two contrasting regions of Colombia: Andes and Guyana between 1985 and 2005. A spatial and temporal statistical approach was applied from the analysis of land cover change to evaluate and predict the processes of change associated with explanatory variables and together with metrics of landscape and systems of information patterns and tendencies of deforestation were analyzed. Land use is the result of the interaction of a series of biophysical, economic, technologic, institutional and cultural factors, among others, that operate in a level of spatial and temporal scales and correlate with landscape processes and partners. Given land change are faster and faster, it is necessary to understand the strengths that drive those changes and predict their effects on the processes of the ecosystem or the global environment. Land use information for this study was based on the interpretation of satellite images and the explanatory variables including biophysical and socioeconomic data from a wide range of source of information. For the Andean region, the approach was directed towards the application of land change and deforestation models in montane and lowland forests, using Land Change Modeler – LCM and Generalized Lineal Models (GLM). At the level of La Guyana region, the patterns of deforestation were studied in the models of typical occupation of the region, comparing change rates, landscape patterns and effectiveness of figures of conservation. Finally the potential of change was modeled in both regions predicting its evolution and identifying zones of high risk of deforestation and their implications in the conservation of the biodiversity. The rates of deforestation vary in the regions and in the inside of them. For the Andean region the annual rate of deforestation was 1.41%, whereas for Guyana was 0.25%; however in Guyana the highest rates were showed associated with a fast and intermediate stage of loss of forest in a transition model from settler to permanent establishment. The models used in this thesis, suggest that the spatial model of LCM based on probabilities of Markov has a better response to explain land use changes than the generalized lineal models. The explanatory variable that greatly affect in land use change processes is the distance of roads, but variables like the economic activity, slope, distance to pasture and precipitation exist and drive processes of change and the burden of these variables depend on the type of forests and the region. The results of this thesis showed that some figures of protection like the system of National Natural Parks and the indigenous reserves can be effective to hold deforestation processes back and that the transition zones between Andes and Amazonia, Orinoquia and Magdalena Medio are under a greater threat of conversion probably because of their accessibility and migration of the population. Finally, a better understanding of the dynamic of LULCC in Colombia, is an important step in the development of strategies of planning of the territory and conservation of the region and the future investigations must evaluate the incident of the national policies, like land ownership, REDD, sectorial, economic and energetic policies in the view of land use change and the deforestation.
Kreba, Sleem. "LAND USE IMPACT ON SOIL GAS AND SOIL WATER TRANSPORT PROPERTIES". UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/31.
Texto completoAkombelwa, Mulemwa. "Modelling land-use decision-making in encroached forests, Copperbelt Province, Zambia". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12131/.
Texto completoGottschalk, Pia. "Modelling soil organic carbon dynamics under land use and climate change". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186643.
Texto completoSon, Ill. "Modelling the hydrological effects of land-use change in small catchment". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358382.
Texto completoMacFarlane, Robert Hywel. "Integrating behavioural models with GIS for land-use policy impact modelling". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU067330.
Texto completoChingombe, Wisemen. "Effects of land-cover - land-use on water quality within the Kuils - Eerste River catchment". Thesis, University of Western Cape, 2012. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5893_1373463134.
Texto completoThe most significant human impacts on the hydrological system are due to land-use change. The conversion of land to agricultural, mining, industrial, or residential uses significantly alters the hydrological characteristics of the land surface and modifies pathways and rates of water flow. If this occurs over large or critical areas of a catchment, it can have significant short and long-term impacts, on the quality of water. While there are methods available to quantify the pollutants in surface water, methods of linking non-point source pollution to water quality at catchment scale are lacking. Therefore, the research presented in this thesis investigated modelling techniques to estimate the effect of land-cover type on water quality. The main goal of the study was to contribute towards improving the understanding of how different land-covers in an urbanizing catchment affect surface water quality. The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to explain how the quality of surface runoff varies on different land-cover types and to provide guidelines for minimizing water pollution that may be occurring in the Kuils-Eerste River catchment. The research objectives were
(1) to establish types and spatial distribution of land-cover types within the Kuils-Eerste River catchment, (2) to establish water quality characteristics of surface runoff from specific land-cover types at the experimental plot level, (3) to establish the contribution of each land-cover type to pollutant loads at the catchment scale. Land-cover characteristics and water quality were investigated using GIS and Remote Sensing tools. The application of these tools resulted in the development of a land-cover map with 36 land classifications covering the whole catchment. Land-cover in the catchment is predominantly agricultural with vineyards and grassland covering the northern section of the catchment. Vineyards occupy over 35% of the total area followed by fynbos (indigenous vegetation) (12.5 %), open hard rock area (5.8 %), riparian forest (5.2 %), mountain forest 
 
(5 %), dense scrub (4.4 %), and improved grassland (3.6 %). The residential area covers about 14 %. Roads cover 3.4 % of the total area. Surface runoff is responsible for the transportation of large quantities of pollutants that affect the quality of water in the Kuils-Eerste River catchment. The different land-cover types and the distribution and concentration levels of the pollutants are not uniform. Experimental work was conducted at plot scale to understand whether land-cover types differed in their contributions to the concentration of water quality attributes emerging from them. Four plots each with a length of 10 m to 12 m and 5 m width were set up. Plot I was set up on open grassland, Plot II represented the vineyards, Plot III covered the mountain forests, and Plot IV represented the fynbos land-cover. Soil samples analyzed from the experimental plots fell in the category of sandy soil (Sa) with the top layer of Plot IV (fynbos) having loamy sand (LmSa). The soil particle sizes range between fine sand (59.1 % and 78.9 %) to coarse sand (between 7 % and 22 %). The content of clay and silt was between 0.2 % and 2.4 %. Medium sand was between 10.7 % and 17.6 %. In terms of vertical distribution of the particle sizes, a general decrease with respect to the size of particles was noted from the top layer (15 cm) to the bottom layer (30 cm) for all categories of the particle sizes. There was variation in particle size with depth and location within the experimental plots.Two primary methods of collecting water samples were used
grab sampling and composite sampling. The quality of water as represented by the samples collected during storm events during the rainfall season of 2006 and 2007 was 
used to establish  
water quality characteristics for the different land-cover types. The concentration of total average suspended solids was highest in the following land-cover types, cemeteries (5.06 mg L-1), arterial roads/main roads (3.94 mg L-1), low density residential informal squatter camps (3.21 mg L-1) and medium density residential informal townships (3.21 mg L-1). Chloride concentrations were high on the following land-cover types, recreation grass/ golf course (2.61 mg L-1), open area/barren land (1.59 mg L-1), and improved grassland/vegetation crop (1.57 mg L-1). The event mean concentration (EMC) values for NO3-N were high on commercial mercantile (6 mg L-1) and water channel (5 mg L-1). The total phosphorus concentration mean values recorded high values on improved grassland/vegetation crop (3.78 mg L-1), medium density residential informal townships (3mgL-1) and low density residential informal squatter camps (3 mg L-1). Surface runoff may also contribute soil particles into rivers during rainfall events, particularly from areas of disturbed soil, for example areas where market gardening is taking place. The study found that different land cover types contributed differently to nonpoint source pollution. A GIS model was used to estimate the diffuse pollution of five pollutants (chloride, phosphorus, TSS, nitrogen and NO3-N) in response to land cover variation using water quality data. The GIS model linked land cover information to diffuse nutrient signatures in response to surface runoff using the Curve Number method and EMC data were developed. Two models (RINSPE and N-SPECT) were used to estimate nonpoint source pollution using various GIS databases. The outputs from the GIS-based model were compared with recommended water quality standards. It was found that the RINSPE model gave accurate results in cases where NPS pollution dominate the total pollutant inputs over a given land cover type. However, the N-SPECT model simulations were too uncertain in cases where there were large numbers of land cover types with diverse NPS pollution load. All land-cover types with concentration values above the recommended national water quality standard were considered as areas that needed measures to mitigate the adverse effects of nonpoint pollution. The expansion of urban areas and agricultural land has a direct effect on land cover types within the catchment. The land cover changes have adverse effect which has a potential to contribute to pollution.
Mees, Paul. "Public transport policy and land use in Melbourne and Toronto, 1950 to 1990 /". Connect to thesis, 1997. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000155.
Texto completoFahmi. "Integrating disaster mitigation strategies in an integrated land use and transport plan for urban transport sustainability". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16509/.
Texto completoBelaieff, Antoine, Gloria Moy y Jack Rosebro. "Planning for a Sustainable Nexus of Urban Land Use, Transport and Energy". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3304.
Texto completoMir, Rigau Xavier. "Land Use Impact Assessment on the Nutrient Transport in the lake Mälaren". Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170450.
Texto completoStockholm regionen står inför kraftiga urbana förändringar och det förutses att befolkningsökningen kommer att bli den främsta drivkraften för storstadsregionerna kring Mälaren under de kommande årtiondena. En grundlig regional- och stadsplanering behövs för att bygga ett hållbart samhälle och skydda miljön. I detta sammanhang är Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS) användbara verktyg för att skapa framtidsscenarier för hur urbanisering och markanvändningar kommer att påverka ekosystem och vattenresurser. CHANS verktyg möjliggör analys av komplexa mönster och processer som inte framgår tydligt vid separata sociala och naturvetenskapliga studier. Inom CHANS ramverk fokuserar detta examensarbete på hur befolkningstillväxt och markanvändning och de ändringear de medför påverkar ytvattenutsläpp samt näringstransport i Norrström avrinningsområden. I detta avseende studerades olika översiktsplaner av 26 kommuner i Stockholm-Mälardalen regionen för att bygga en markanvändning evolutionmodell fram till 2040. Det studerade scenariot utvärderade konsekvenser av förändringarna i urbaniseringen som beskrivs i de omfattande översiktplanerna på ytvatten och näringsämne transport. Verktyget som användes för att utföra detta examensarbete var PCRaster. Det är ett miljömodelleringsverktyg som tillåter behandling av stora distribuerade data och kan skapa spatiotemporala miljömodeller. I detta avseende fördelades modellen i tre delar. Först erhölls den temporala markanvändningsevolutionen efter uppgifter från kommunala översiktplaner. Därefter beräknades ytvattenutsläppen med CN-metoden. Slutligen byggdes den näringstransportmodellen med hjälp av riktlinjerna från PolFlow modellen och näringsbelastningen från HELCOM och TRK-projektet. Resultaten visar en ökning av de bebyggda stadsområdena från 3,3 % bebyggda under år 2005 till 4,2 % år 2040 för hela Norrström avrinningsområde, som innebär en ökning med 25 % av de bebyggda områdena. Beträffande flödet i ytvattnet visar resultaten en jätteliten ökning av flödet på grund av att det studerade området har en stor skala. Slutligen visar resultaten för näringsämnenstransport en ökning av näringsbelastningen vid utloppet av sjön Mälaren med 20 % kväve och 15 % fosfor.
Lopes, Andrà Soares. "Transport, land use and activities: conceptual modeling for the urban accessibility planning". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15703.
Texto completoO planejamento complexo de cidades exige o desenvolvimento de modelos conceituais do funcionamento e dependÃncias mÃtuas dos seus elementos constituintes. Jà hà algumas dÃcadas, as comunidades tÃcnico-cientÃficas associadas ao planejamento de cidades tentam modelar a interaÃÃo entre os subsistemas urbanos de uso do solo e transportes. Seus esforÃos isolados conseguiram alcanÃar certo Ãxito na representaÃÃo parcial do fenÃmeno urbano, mas ainda esbarram na dificuldade de tratar tais sistemas multidimensionais como uma problemÃtica Ãnica, abrangente e integrada. A partir de uma revisÃo dos modelos conceituais acerca de sistemas LUTI (IntegraÃÃo de Uso do solo e Transportes, do original âLand Use and Transport Interactionâ) verificou-se um conjunto de fragilidades conceituais que dificultam o processo de modelagem integrada do fenÃmeno urbano. Dentre estas fragilidades destaca-se o fato de estes esforÃos nÃo representarem a contento, ou mesmo reconhecerem, de que subsistemas à constituÃdo o sistema urbano. Consequentemente, reconhecemos a necessidade do desenvolvimento de uma proposta de modelagem conceitual sistÃmica do fenÃmeno urbano, que incorpore aspectos de dinamicidade da relaÃÃo entre os subsistemas de atividades, uso do solo e transportes. Esta proposta de modelo, chamado de modelo ALUTI (âActivity, Land Use and Transport Interactionâ), constitui uma ferramenta de comunicaÃÃo entre as comunidades tÃcnico-cientÃficas de planejamento de cidades. Ela à baseada na teoria microeconÃmica de relaÃÃes oferta/demanda e na suposiÃÃo das relaÃÃes de causalidade entre subsistemas, a partir de um modelo âa prioriâ, baseado na literatura. A aplicabilidade do modelo ALUTI à verificada para trÃs etapas fundamentais do planejamento da mobilidade e acessibilidade. Primeiro (1), como ferramenta demonstrativa da evoluÃÃo dos paradigmas do planejamento dos transportes, que và hoje o paradigma do planejamento da acessibilidade como caminho plausÃvel à integraÃÃo transdisciplinar dos esforÃos de planejamento. Segundo (2), como ferramenta representativa dos problemas que afligem os atores partÃcipes do fenÃmeno urbano. Desta aplicaÃÃo, reconhecemos problemas derivados de: proposiÃÃes metodolÃgicas; valores e princÃpios norteadores do planejamento; e de categorias distintas de restriÃÃes à acessibilidade. A terceira aplicaÃÃo do modelo ALUTI (3) à como ferramenta auxiliar à interpretaÃÃo das relaÃÃes de dependÃncia entre problemas, e de sua caracterizaÃÃo (quantificaÃÃo/qualificaÃÃo). Esta Ãltima aplicaÃÃo do modelo ALUTI evidencia a contribuiÃÃo do presente trabalho na definiÃÃo de hipÃteses de causalidade entre os elementos constituintes do sistema urbano integrado, e no auxÃlio à construÃÃo de indicadores que nos permitam melhor entender as relaÃÃes complexas entre problemas e restriÃÃes de acessibilidade.
A complex city planning requires the development of conceptual models of how these systems work and of the mutual dependencies of its constituent elements. For some decades now, the technical and scientific communities responsible for the city planning have been building some conceptual models of urban land use and transport interaction (LUTI). Isolated efforts of these communities have achieved some success in representing the urban phenomenon (understood as a complex system). They still encounter some difficulties in dealing with such multidimensional systems in a complex way. To achieve such goal it would require a more comprehensive and integrated approach. From the literature review of existing conceptual models that address the representation of LUTI systems we could find a set of conceptual weaknesses that hinder the integrated modeling of urban phenomena. Among these weaknesses we highlight that these efforts do not represent satisfactorily, or even recognize, subsystems that comprise the urban system. For this reason, we understand the need to develop a proposal for a systemic conceptual model for the urban phenomena. One that incorporates the dynamic aspects of the relationship among at least three subsystems (activities, land use and transport). The proposed model, called ALUTI model ("Activity, Land Use and Transport Interaction"), is a tool for communication between the technical and scientific communities of city planning. It is based on the microeconomic theory of supply/demand balance relationship, and the assumption of causal relationships between subsystems, derived from an âa prioriâ model. The applicability of the ALUTI model is verified for, at least, three basic stages of mobility and accessibility planning: Problem representation, characterization and diagnosis. First (1) as a demonstrative tool of the evolution of transport planning paradigms, which culminates today with the paradigm of accessibility planning as plausible path to the integration of transdisciplinary planning efforts. Second (2), as a representative tool of the problems afflicting the actors involved in urban phenomenon. In this application, we recognize a set of derivative problems: from the theoretical and methodological interpretations of the problems; from the guiding values and principles of planning; and from different types of accessibility restrictions. The ALUTI model third application (3) is as an auxiliary tool to the interpretation of dependency relationships between problems, and its characterization (quantification / qualification). This last application for the ALUTI model highlights the contribution of this work in defining causality hypotheses between the elements of integrated urban systems, and as an aid for the construction of indicators that enable us to better understand the complex relationships between problems and accessibility restrictions.
Benson, Kristen D. "Use of centrifuge modelling to validate an unsaturated transport numerical simulation". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65665.pdf.
Texto completoShariff, Noresah Mohd. "Modelling land use impacts of new highways : the Malaysian north-south expressway". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685447.
Texto completoWright, Edward Peter Nelson. "The Influence of Sociodemographic and Land Use Patterns on Public Transport Use in Christchurch, New Zealand". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Geography, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4622.
Texto completoCheung, Kwok-wah. "The role of the railway in urban transport : integrated transport, land use and environmental planning in Hong Kong /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23339056.
Texto completoCheung, Kwok-wah y 張國華. "The role of the railway in urban transport: integrated transport, land use and environmental planning in HongKong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31945454.
Texto completoJia, Xuan. "Land-use/transport system in rapid developing Chinese cities case study in Shenzhen metro phase I's corridor /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43085441.
Texto completoAlmström, Peter. "Three essays on transport CBA uncertainty". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Systemanalys och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-163355.
Texto completoQC 20150414
Munthali, Maggie Golie. "Analysis of land use and land cover dynamics and its implications on natural resources in Dedza District Malawi". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/77864.
Texto completoThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology
PhD
Unrestricted
Mhangara, Paidamwoyo. "Land use/cover change modelling and land degradation assessment in the Keiskamma catchment using remote sensing and GIS". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1467.
Texto completoHöjer, Mattias. "What is the Point of IT? : Backcasting urban transport and land-use futures". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Infrastruktur och samhällsplanering, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3016.
Texto completoQC 20100617