Índice
Literatura académica sobre el tema "Lacunes d’oxygènes"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte las listas temáticas de artículos, libros, tesis, actas de conferencias y otras fuentes académicas sobre el tema "Lacunes d’oxygènes".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Tesis sobre el tema "Lacunes d’oxygènes"
Henning, Xavier. "Optoelectronic properties of Bi2FeCrO6 ferroelectric thin films". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAE009.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the optoelectronic properties of promising Bi2FeCrO6 (BFCO)-based ferroelectric thin films. To achieve this, local characterizations were carried out in conjunction with macroscopic characterizations. Particular attention was paid to the influence of oxygen vacancies on photovoltaic and ferroelectric properties.BFCO thin films systematically appear as p-type semiconductors, due to Bi, Fe and Cr vacancies, forming a pn junction with a Nb:SrTiO3 substrate and a low-barrier Schottky junction with a La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 substrate. For an out-of-plane electrode geometry, the photovoltaic behavior of these samples appears to be dominated by their respective junction. In addition, the direction of the ferroelectric polarization would modify the electronic structure at the interface, favouring a greater conductivity and a higher photovoltaic current generation for an “up” polarization state. In addition, the introduction of donor electronic levels into the band-gap by the oxygen vacancies would greatly reduce the “p”-type character of the BFCO layers, significantly reducing conductivity. This would also considerably increase the rate of recombination of chare carriers generated by the photovoltaic effect and greatly reduce their mobility. A difference in conductivity and photovoltaic current of up to several orders of magnitude was observed for a lower concentration of oxygen vacancies.The direction of the ferroelectric polarization and the concentration of oxygen vacancies appear to be two fundamental parameters governing the optoelectronic properties of BFCO thin films
Alemany, y. Palmer Mathias. "Caractérisation de lacunes d’oxygène dans les diélectriques à haute permittivité à destination des transistors « High-k Metal Gate »". Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2049/document.
Texto completoThe presence of oxygen vacancies in high-k oxides is fore seen to have detrimental effects in high-kmetal gate MOS transistors. To validate this hypothesis, we investigate the possibility of using electron energy loss spectroscopy in an electron transmission microscope (EELS) and the cathodoluminescence(CL) calibrated by the positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) to analyze these defects in thin HfO2 layers.To develop this methodology, HfO2 films have been deposited both by ALD and PVD on silicon substrates. To make the samples adapted to the PAS depth resolution, the layers thicknesses (10 to100 nm) are higher than those used in microelectronics. According to XRD, RBS/NRA, MEB, TEM results, these layers present a complex structure and a large excess of oxygen.PAS results depend both on the deposition technique and on the heat treatment. They evidence the presence of electric fields in the oxide layer or at the interface with the substrate. Electrical measurements in the thinnest layers, confirm the presence of charges in the oxide layer as already mentioned in the literature. The sign of these charges changes with heat treatment and is in agreement with the PAS results.EELS improved data acquisition has been developed. The EELS and CL spectra have been analyzed using a systematic methodology allowing to extracting characteristic parameters. They depend on the deposition technique and the heat treatment. However, due to the poor quality of the layers, it has not been possible to isolate the effects of the stoichiometry. This work opens many perspectives to improve knowledge on phenomena occurring in devices
Alves, Fortunato Maíra. "La zircone yttriée : un nouveau support pour la catalyse environnementale". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10175.
Texto completoThe aim of this work is to investigate the interactions between Pt nanoparticles and Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ), an ionically conducting support. The idea was to overcome the effects of electrochemical promotion of catalysis (EPOC) observed on Pt/YSZ electrochemical catalysts which present low metal dispersion to conventional catalytic systems based on metallic nanoparticles finely dispersed on YSZ powered support. In that configuration, the migration of the oxygen ions from YSZ toward the Pt surface is not electrically controlled but thermally induced without any polarisation. First, we have established a new procedure to measure the Pt dispersion over YSZ. The metal support interactions between Pt and YSZ were characterized by Temperature Programmed Reduction and Infrared Spectroscopy. The importance of the YSZ oxygen vacancies on the chemisorptive behaviours of Pt as well as its catalytic for the propane oxidation was clearly demonstrated. The thermal migration of oxygen ions was validated by using the Isotopic Exchange procedure 18O/16O. The impact of these vacancies was evaluated and a mechanism of the propane deep oxidation on Pt/YSZ was proposed including the important role of bulk YSZ oxygen species in opposition with conventional supports such as silica and non-substituted zirconia. Finally, the key parameters that can influence the Pt/YSZ interactions such as the YSZ specific surface area, the yttria content, the YSZ preparation route as well as the loading and size of Pt nanoparticles were investigated. Our results point out that the thermal migration of oxygen ions from YSZ toward Pt surface occurs from 100 °C. In addition, the exchange between oxygen species from YSZ bulk and those from the gas phase is extremely fast starting from 100 °C. The Pt catalytic activity for the propane deep oxidation seems to be promoted by the mobility of the bulk YSZ oxygen species
Saadi, Lama. "Etude de l'adsorption des molécules simples sur WO3 : application à la détection des gaz". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4346/document.
Texto completoThe team of micro sensors at IM2NP mainly focuses onthe development of gas sensors based on measurement in conductancevariation in presence of gas. The material used as sensitive element istungsten oxide (WO3) thin film. The objective of present thesis is to studythe surface properties of WO3 in its reconstruction c(2x2), obtained bycleavage along the [001] direction. This study is also followed by a gapanalysis using ab initio calculations based on DFT in both LDA andGGA approximations. Then, the adsorption of molecules of simple gases((O3, COx NOx) for these surfaces (more or less rich in oxygen), is performed.To simulate these systems, we have chosen the SIESTA code based onDFT which is used for the larger number of atoms as compared to other codes
Minvielle, Marie. "Etude de la commutation résistive d'oxydes binaires (HfO2, TiO2) élaborés par dépôt par jets moléculaires et intégrés dans des dispositifs de type memristifs métal-oxyde-métal : effets du dopage et de l'implantation". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC023.
Texto completoIn the age of big data and artificial intelligence, researches to find new ways to process and store the information multiply. In the field of non-volatile memories, this emulation has led to the emergence of new components, such as OxRAM (for oxide-based random access memories) in which we have been interested in during this PhD. It is a metal-oxide-metal stack where the oxide layer is able to switch between at least two stable resistance states under an applied voltage. In this work, we have studied sub-micrometer cross-point devices (500 x 500 nm2 or 100 x 100 nm2) with hafnium dioxide (HfO2) or titanium dioxide (TiO2) as dielectric oxide. The oxides have been deposited by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), a technique that has rarely been used so far in the OxRAM community. With this ultra-vide technique, we can obtain very pure films whereas with atomic layer deposition (ALD), precursors induce carbon, nitrogen or chlorine contaminations. For the electrical properties optimization, one of the keys is the concentration and distribution control of oxygen vacancies. Regarding that, we have explored the incorporation of various elements in HfO2 and TiO2 layers. The microstructure and the composition of these doped films have been analyzed, afterward OxRAM devices have been fabricated and their electrical characteristics (current-voltage) have been studied. For HfO2-based OxRAM (involving a filamentary mechanism), we have firstly optimized the MBE HfO2 deposition. The devices then obtained have electrical properties which are as good as those of the state-of-the-art components, in particular for the memory window. Moreover, these MBE deposited devices have a smaller forming voltage and a larger memory window than equivalent components that we have fabricated with ALD grown layers. So, we suggest a link between carbon impurities and memory width. In light of the state of the art, our objectives were to lower working currents and to reduce the variability between numerous cycles and between components too. To this end, we have examined the effects of adding Al, La or Ti elements in HfO2 (from few % to 30 %), by co-deposition with Hf. Thanks to these additions, we manage to decrease the reset current, the forming voltage and the variability of the reset current. Furthermore, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements show an increase of vacancies amount in La-HfO2, Ti-HfO2 and Al-HfO2 layers. Concerning TiO2-based components (for which the mechanism is interfacial and takes place at one of the two electrode interfaces, said active), our goals were to diminish working currents and to augment the number of accessible stable resistance states. For this purpose, we have also focused on material strategies. We have modified the active interface by heteroelements ion implantation (Ne, N and B). The oxygen vacancies content has been analyzed by XPS while the vacancies mobility has been quantified via their activation energy diffusion Ea. In order to determine Ea, we have developed an original experimental protocol. In this way, we establish that nitrogen, which is a p-type dopant in TiO2, heightens the oxygen vacancies mobility, whereas boron, which is a n-dopant, hinders it and the neon, inert, does not have any effect on vacancies mobility. The activation energy is minimal (0.4 eV) for a nitrogen dose of 1018 ions/cm3. However, the oxygen vacancies mobility is not the only parameter that we have to improve: the electronic transport through the TiO2/Pt Schottky barrier plays also a crucial role. The results achieved during this PhD attest to the pertinence of the MBE utilization and of an analysis that combines ionic and electronic aspects in order to improve the resistive switching phenomenon understanding and the OxRAM performances
Katz, Aurélien. "Élaboration de céramiques polycristallines transparentes Er ³+ : YAG par Spark Plasma Sintering pour applications laser de puissance". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016VALE0007.
Texto completoThis work focus on the improvement of the solid state Er3+:YAG laser performances presenting an "eye-safe" wavelength at 1.64 µm. One way is the replacement of single crystals currently used as gain media by polycrystalline ceramics as they present improved thermo-mechanical properties allowing a longer use of the laser. However, the meeting of different criteria requested to get transparency remains a challenge in the development of these ceramics. The use of commercial powders produced by two different synthesis ways allowed to highlight the essential role of the physico-chemical characteristics of the powder on compaction and sintering behaviors, performed by Spark Plasma Sintering, Phase composition and chemical purity have an influence of the final optical quality. It was also figured out that the gray coloration of the ceramic observed after sintering is caused by the formation of oxygen vacancies, rather than a carbon contamination. Finally, the mode of action of LiF, used as sintering aid to increase optical transmittance, was studied in order to establish reaction mechanisms allowing an optimization of the SPS cycle. This approach helps to reach Er3+:YAG transparent polycrystalline ceramics (Ø = 30 mm, thk = 3 mm) with an optical transmittance of 80 at 400 nm and 84 % at 1100 nm. On the basis of these results and with the help of numerical simulation, an up-scaling of ceramics (Ø = 50 mm, thk = 5 mm) was undertaken in order to evaluate their laser performances through laser cavity tests
Tchiffo, Tameko Cyril. "Croissance et propriétés de couches minces d’oxydes pour microsources d’énergie". Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2068/document.
Texto completoThis thesis concerns the realization of oxide thin films and the study of their properties for photovoltaic or thermoelectric devices. In the first part, the TiOx properties are studied for use as an optically active transparent conductive oxide to put in front of the PV cells or, as optical coupling layer to interpose between the metal reflector and the absorbent layer of a PV cell. The layers are deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). This method allows to get stoichiometric or oxygen deficient layers by controlling the oxygen partial pressure during the growth. The layers are doped with Nb to enhance electrical conductivity and/or with Nd for the conversion of Ultra-Violet photons to Near Infra-Red photons. Insulating and transparent layers, luminescent layers or conducting and absorbent layers are obtained. The TiO₁,₄₅₋₁,₆₀ films show polaronic or bipolaronic conductivity and exhibited the jump of electrical conductivity with jump height and temperature depending on the nature of the dopants. A second part of the manuscript concerns thermoelectricity in which the properties of cobalt calcium oxide are modulated for an efficient conversion of low temperature gradients centered at 300-365K. The control of the oxygen concentration of films allows to obtain the polymorphic phases CaxCoO₂,Ca₃Co₄O₉ and Ca₃Co₄O₆,₄₋₆,₈ having metallic or semiconducting behavior depending on the deposition temperature. The Ca₃Co₄O₆,₄₋₆,₈ films show high Seebeck coefficients (S) ≥ 1 000 μV/K and low electrical resistivity (3.8 to 6 mΩ.cm). Such interesting values have to be confirmed by additional experiments in order to be used as thermoelectric films