Artículos de revistas: "Kirkjur"

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Christiansen, Hans Guldager y Anna Maria Fosaa. "Færøernes ældste kulturplanter / Elstu røktarplantur í Føroyum". Fróðskaparrit - Faroese Scientific Journal 57 (26 de febrero de 2017): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.18602/fsj.v57i0.78.

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Abstract: For ages people have brought plants with them, when they have settled in new areas. The characteristic ﬂora around villages is a proof of this. Around monasteries, churches and in the oldest parts of settlements, old gardens with cultural plants that have been used as spices, medical herbs, to dye clothes with, and as ornamental plants, are found. Many of these plants were introduced to the Nordic countries in the Medieval Age or before, and other indigenous plants have been collected and planted. In the Nordic countries, botanists have known about this characteristic ﬂora in settlements from the Medieval Age, for more than 200 years. In the Faroe Islands, botanical studies have shown that these gardens are also found here. In summer 2008 we visited 35 villages originating from the Medieval Age or before. Beforehand, we selected 25 species of vascular plants that most likely were used in these times. The investigated areas were around the oldest part of the villages, around churches in churchyards, and in areas of excavation. These plants were put into two categories, those who are indigenous and those who are introduced. In this paper a presentation of these plants are given as well as their distribution in the 35 selected villages.Resumé: Mennesker har gennem alle tider bragt planter med sig, når de bosatte sig i nye områder. Den karakteristiske ﬂora omkring bebyggelser er bevis på dette. Ved klostre, kirker, i gamle landsbyer osv. ﬁndes ofte gamle haver med kulturplanter, som tidligere har været brugt som krydderurter, lægeplanter, planter til at farve tøj med og prydplanter. Mange af arterne er indførte til Norden i middelalderen eller tidligere, og andre er hjemmehørende arter, som tidligere har været indsamlet og dyrket. I Norden har det i snart 200 år været kendt blandt botanikere, at der ﬁndes en særlig ﬂora ved middelalderlige bebyggelser. Botaniske undersøgelser viser, at sådanne haver også ﬁndes på Færøerne. I sommeren 2008 besøgte vi 35 bygder fra middelalderen eller tidligere. Vi havde på forhånd udvalgt 25 plantearter som sandsynligvis blev udnyttet på den tid. Vi undersøgte området omkring den ældste bydel, rundt om kirkegårde, og ved udgravninger. Disse planter blev delt i to kategorier, dem som er hjemmehørende og dem som var blevet indført. I denne artikel omtales disse planter samt deres udbredelse i de 35 udvalgte bygder.Úrtak: Fólk hava frá fyrndini tikið plantur við sær, tá ið tey ﬂuttu búgv. Tann sermerkti gróðurin uttan um búsetingar bera prógv um tað. Við kleystur, kirkjur, gamlar búsetingar o.s.fr. eru ofta gamlir urtagarðar við røktarplantum, sum áður hava verið nýttar sum kryddurtir, grøðiplantur, litingarplantur og prýðisplantur. Nógv av hesum plantusløgum eru komin til Norðurlond í miðøld ella fyrr, og onnur eru upprunasløg, sum hava verið hentað og síðan velt. Í Norðurlondum hava plantufrøðingar í sløk 200 ár havt kunnleika til, at ein serligur gróður er at ﬁnna við miðaldarbúsetingar. Plantufrøðiligar kanningar vísa, at slíkir urtagarðar eisini eru í Føroyum. Summarið 2008 vitjaðu vit í 35 bygdum, ið stava frá miðøld ella eru uppaftur eldri. Vit høvdu frammanundan valt 25 plantusløg, sum helst eru vorðin gagnnýtt tá á døgum. Vit kannaðu økið uttan um fyrndarbýlingin, uttan um kirkjugarðin, og har ið grevstur hevði verið. Hesar plantur vórðu skiftar í tveir bólkar, – tær, um eru upprunaplantur og tær, sum eru innsløðingar. Í hesi grein verða planturnar umrøddar og sagt verður frá útbreiðslu teirra í teimum 35 bygdunum.

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2

GÜRBÜZ, İsmail. "Edebi Özellikleri Bakımından Kerkük Hoyratları". International Journal of Social Sciences 7, n.º 29 (29 de mayo de 2023): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.52096/usbd.7.29.09.

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While Kirkuk stands out with its unique customs and traditions, it is seen that Hoyrats occupy a considerable place in Kirkuk literature. Although it has a poetic expression among the people, Kirkuk Hoyrats are also expressed in the long air style. Kirkuk Hoyrats have certain literary features as a part of Kirkuk literature. In this respect, the rhyme used, the diversity of the rhymes and the fact that they have a literature inevitably brought these works to the fore. In this study, we tried to touch on both the literary features and artistic forms of the Kirkuk Hoyrats. Keywords: Kirkuk Hoyrats, Literature, Cut Hoyrat, Hoyrat Forms

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Mohammed, Zana Othman y Ranjdar Mohammed Azeez. "History of Kirkuk during the British mandate period". Journal of University of Raparin 10, n.º 2 (29 de junio de 2023): 142–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26750/vol(10).no(2).paper6.

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In the late years of World War I (1914-1918), the Ottoman-controlled regions faced a new condition. The city of Kirkuk, as a part of Kurdistan's territory, was not deprived of these new transformations and events. This research aimed to investigate the history of Kirkuk during the British mandate period. The study found that the arrival of the British in southern Kurdistan, particularly Kirkuk, had a historical background, dating back centuries before the British conquest of the city of Kirkuk in 1918, particularly due to the presence of natural resources in the area. The study also found that Kirkuk residents, as part of Kurdistan's territory, were exhilarated about nationalism after the fall of Ottoman oppression and the arrival of English authorities and that its population had publicly expressed their nationalism desires, for independence and unity with Kurdistan. The study also reveals that the British have tried in every way to cut off the area from Kurdistan and the Kurdish national movement after the national stance on Kirkuk residents became clear. Kirkuk residents have also broadly supported Sheikh Mahmud and announced him as their leader, and they fully cooperated with him in this regard, which is due to the national sentiment that has developed in the city of Kirkuk. In the study, we found that in a referendum conducted by the United Nations to resolve the Mosul state issue, residents in Kirkuk mostly agreed to be part of Iraq, even though there were votes demanding independence. Kirkuk people were also generally dissatisfied with the issue of appointing Faisal asking for Iraq, and stood against it, publicly expressing that they would prefer to unite with Kurdistan when Faisal was appointed as crown king to Iraq.

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4

Al-Barzanji, Amanj. "Kirkouk, à moitié kurde". Outre-Terre 14, n.º 1 (2006): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oute.014.0143.

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5

Georgeon, François. "De Mossoul à Kirkouk". Maghreb - Machrek N° 132, n.º 2 (2 de enero de 1991): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/machr1.132.0038.

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6

Natali, Denise. "The Kirkuk Conundrum". Ethnopolitics 7, n.º 4 (noviembre de 2008): 433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449050802443323.

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7

Bodin, Per-Arne. "Moderne ortodokse kirker". Nordisk Østforum 36, n.º 2022 (2022): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noros.v36.3988.

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8

Tayeb Taher, Shehab Sheikh y Ako Najmuddin Abdul Rahman. "Morphophonems in Grammatical Bound Morphems in Macho Subdialect". JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES 5, n.º 1 (23 de enero de 2022): 570–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jls.5.1.36.

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This research which is entitled “Morphophonems in Grammatical Bound Morphems in Macho Subdialect” belongs to Kirkuk dialect. It focuses on the phenomenon of morphophonemic. It clarifies the grammatical morpheme that the speaker of Macho accent creates morphophonemic. The research is conducted as a lack of linguistic research on this accent. It is limited on only morphology and phonology. Moreover, it is an academic work which determines the causes of the phenomenon of morphophonemic in Kirkuk dialect generally, and in particular the Macho accent of Kirkuk people

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9

Abdullah, Farhad Hassan. "PUK–KDP Conflict: Future Kurdish Status in Kirkuk". Jadavpur Journal of International Relations 22, n.º 2 (31 de mayo de 2018): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973598418770948.

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After the September 25 referendum, the political and military developments in the disputed territories resulted in significant threats toward Iraqi Kurdistan and also deepened the internal rivalry between the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) and Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP). The Kurdish lost control of Kirkuk, which was the strongest Kurdish-held disputed territory in Iraq. Subsequently, on October 16, the Iraqi military attacked the city, and the Kurdish forces fled, unable to defend it. This article discusses the various disputes between the PUK and KDP vis-à-vis Kirkuk. It will also identify possible scenarios for the future role of the Kurds in Kirkuk and the wider implications of the city being ruled by an acting governor representing the Kurds. This article concludes that electing a new governor and returning the Kurdish parties in the Brotherhood List to the Council of Kirkuk is the best scenario.

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Sørmoen, Oddbjørn. "«Kirker, kult og kulturminner»". Kirke og Kultur 110, n.º 03 (4 de noviembre de 2005): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1504-3002-2005-03-13.

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11

Colson, Ted. "Interview: With Tim Kirkup". Literature and Performance 8, n.º 2 (noviembre de 1988): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10462938809365899.

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12

Romano, David. "The Future of Kirkuk". Ethnopolitics 6, n.º 2 (junio de 2007): 265–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449050701345033.

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13

Kadir, M. A., N. H. Ali y R. G. M. Ridha. "Prevalence of helminthes, pneumonia and hepatitis in Kirkuk slaughter house, Kirkuk, Iraq". Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 26, Suppl. III (1 de mayo de 2012): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2012.168743.

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14

Layla Abd-Al-Sattar Sadiq Laylani. "Study of the prevalence of echinococcosis (hydatid cyst) in Kirkuk governorate for the period from 2016-2019". Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 27, n.º 3 (30 de noviembre de 2022): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v27i3.56.

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The current study was conducted from April 19 to May 29, 2021 Public Health department, Animal Origin Division, in the Kirkuk Health department in Kirkuk city to study the causes and spread of infections recorded for period from 2016-2019 in Kirkuk Governorate, 67 cases were diagnosed according to the months,. The highest infection recorded in 2019 was (26) 38.80% and the lowest infection was (10) 14.92% in each of 2016 and 2017 years. The group of health sectors showed the cyst disease caused by strays dogs, which is one of environmental pollutants, where Kirkuk First sector recorded the highest infection (31) 44.77%, while Hawija First sector recorded the lowest infection (4) 5.97%. The study recorded that the percentage of infection among females was 68.65%, and it was more than males 31.34%. The age group 15-25 years showed the highest number of injuries (46), with a rate of 68.65% of injuries during the years.

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15

Nurdiansah, Nandang. "Natural Resources and Conflict: A Dispute of Kurds and the Iraqi Government in Kirkuk". Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues 2, n.º 1 (31 de julio de 2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/mecri.v2i1.7251.

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The conflict between the Kurds and the Iraqi government in Kirkuk is not just a political conflict. This article describes how oil resources in Kirkuk can trigger conflict between the Kurds and the Iraqi government. The clash of interests between the two parties is crucial to overcome. The Kurdish referendum support group is determined to depart. Meanwhile, the government defends the Kirkuk region due to its rich natural resources. As a tool for analyzing events, the approach used is the theory of natural resources and violent conflict proposed by Ian Bannon and Paul Collier. The results indicated that Iraq's dependency and weak management of oil export commodities caused the conflict between the Kurds and the Iraqi government. This article, compiled by applying the literature review method, aims to explain the conflict in the Kirkuk region, with natural resources as the object also the Kurds and the Iraqi government as subjects facing each other.

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Ramadan, Assist Prof Dr Hadi Saleh y Lecturer Dr Genan Kahtan Sarhan. "Counseling Needs and Academic Ambition of University Students to those who are Living in the Dormitory and those who are not". ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 218, n.º 2 (9 de noviembre de 2018): 233–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v218i2.546.

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The study aims at knowing the level of the counseling needs and the academic ambition in general according to the living variable (house, dormitory) of Kirkuk University students. To achieve the aims, two criteria are prepared. The first one is for the counseling needs while the other is for the level of ambition adopted by the two researchers. After taking the output of honesty, stability, and the distinct ability of the criterion, it is applied on the sample of the main study which is chosen in a random formula from Kirkuk University colleges, the scientific and humanity ones. Its number is 300 male and female students who are classified on (8) colleges, four of them are for each scholastic specialization (scientific and humanity). After using the statistic means (the relative weight, the T value of one sample and for two independent samples, and Person's correlation coefficient), the study reaches the following important conclusions: In general, Kirkuk University students have needs in the study field more than their needs in other fields according to their responses on the counseling needs criterion, then the psychological dimension. Kirkuk University students who are living in the dormitory are in need to things more than those who are living at home in the study and psychological dimensions. In general, Kirkuk University students have a good academic ambition level. Kirkuk University students who are living in the dormitory are more ambitious than those who are living at home. According to the conclusions above, the researchers recommend a number of recommendations and do some future studies.

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Abdullah, Maryam Adil y Kamerane Shukur Hussien. "Evaluate the Levels of Some Physical and Chemical Factors in Wastewater from Some Companies and Kirkuk General Hospital in Kirkuk City." April-May 2024, n.º 43 (8 de junio de 2024): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jcpp.43.22.29.

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The current study aimed to evaluate the levels of some physical and chemical factors in wastewater from some companies and Kirkuk General Hospital in the city of Kirkuk. Water samples were collected from study sites, from North Oil Company, North Gas Company, Kirkuk cement plant and Kirkuk General Hospital, and for six months from September of the year (2023) AD, until February 2024, using containers Poly Athelin is 2.0 liters tight, the containers were shoved with sample water twice. Where, EC was 64600, and Salinity was 29.8 in water of North Oil Company, while TDS was 44000 in water of North Gas Company. For chemical factors, North Gas Company was the most chemically polluted compared to the rest of the samples. Where, pH was 3.67, PO4 was 36.5 ppm and NO3 was 18.6 ppm. While, highest valve of SO4 showed in water of North Oil Company and it was 1267 ppm. It is noted that the water samples collected from North Oil Company contained the highest concentration of cadmium (11.334), lead (10.355), nickel (1.356) and copper (1.579), while the water sample collected from North Gas Company contained the highest Concentration of iron (9.047) and cobalt (0.881). It’s included that the water collected from some companies and the hospital in the city of Kirkuk showed high physical and chemical contamination of wastewater, especially the northern oil and gas companies.

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Abdul-Karim Mohammed, Abdul-Halim, Hadi G. Attiya y Hayder Abdul Khaliq Khudair. "The Relationships between the Physical and Chemical Properties of Narrow Fractions Distilled From Mixed Kirkuk and Sharki-Baghdad Crude Oils". Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 9, n.º 2 (30 de junio de 2008): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2008.2.1.

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Mixed Kirkuk and Sharki-Baghdad crude oils were distilled into narrow fractions. The range of these narrow fractions were 10oC, starting from IBP to 350oC. The total distillates from mixed Kirkuk and Sharki-Baghdad crude oils were 58.25 vol % and 44.65 vol %, respectively.The hydrocarbons compositions (paraffin, naphthene, aromatic) in light fractions starting from IBP to 250oC were determined by using PONA analysis method. The results show that the paraffin content decreases with increasing mid percent boiling point of the fraction, while the naphthene, and aromatic increase with the increase of mid percent boiling point of mixed Kirkuk and Sharki-Baghdad crude oils. Three groups of empirical equations were developed for the prediction of hydrocarbons compositions (paraffin, naphthene, aromatic) based on physical properties (mid percent boiling point, specific gravity, and refractive index) of narrow fractions distilled from mixed Kirkuk and Sharki-Baghdad crude oils. The first group relates the mid percent boiling point with the specific gravity, the second group relates the mid percent boiling point with the refractive index, while the third group relates the specific gravity with the refractive index.

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Mohammed, Najat Abdullah y Amra Ibrahim Sultan. "The Rhetorical Difficulties of Teaching English Novel to the Third Grade from the Students’ Perspectives". JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES 6, n.º 3, 1 (1 de abril de 2023): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jls.6.3.1.5.

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This study aims at revealing the rhetorical difficulties of teaching English novel to the third grade from the students' perspectives at the Universities of Tikrit and Kirkuk. 1. Finding out the rhetorical difficulties and the problems that face Third grade students in the English Departments in Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities in teaching novel from students' perspectives. The population of the study are 161 students from English Departments in Colleges of Education for Humanities at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities, whereas the sample is 65 students. The questionnaire has been constructed and distributed to the third year students of English Department in the Colleges of Education at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities. The questionnaire of students which contains (20) items, to be answered by the third year students. The novels that are included in the questionnaire are: 1. "Wuthering Heights" by Emily Bronte 2. "Great Expectations" by Charles Dickens After the analysis of the results of the current study. It is recommended that rhetorical difficulties of novel should be concentrated, explained, analyzed to students.

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Mohammed, Hussein, Jenan Shakoor, Nazar Mahmood, Abid Kumait y Araz Kareem. "Prevalence of cancer cases among population of Kirkuk, Iraq from 2016-2020". Rawal Medical Journal 48, n.º 1 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/rmj20221119075443.

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Objective: To present a clear picture of the cancer cases reported in Kirkuk between 2016 and 2020 and to identify the top 10 instances in both genders. Methodology: This cohort/retrospective study was conducted at oncology/hematology center in Kirkuk governorate from January, 2021 to May, 2022. The data were collected from the official records of oncology/hematology center in Kirkuk governorate and consisted of 4917 cancer cases during the five years period from 2016 to 2020. Results: A total of 4719 cases of all cancer types in Kirkuk were recorded from 2016-2020. Of these, 64.2% were females and 35.8% males. Age of 65.8% cases was between 41-70 years, with a mean of 52.624±22.593 years. For both genders, breast cancer was the most common (1532), followed by lung cancer. Conclusion: Breast cancer is on the top of ten cancers and is on the rising trend. The Ministry of health should plan for a strategy of regular screening for breast cancer in women and increasing the awareness of the women regarding breast self-examination for early detection.

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Ali, Firas Hussein y Amna Hussain Sabree Ali. "The role of the Kirkuk irrigation project in developing rural agricultural production concepts and reality of the situation of the study area before and after the establishment of the project". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1129, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2023): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1129/1/012020.

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Abstract Kirkuk irrigation project has several development goals that support rural settlements and the rural reality in the city, from which we will take its effective role in the economic field, which is to increase the production quantities of crops in the countryside of Kirkuk governorate. Therefore, the size of agricultural areas will be subjected to changes after the establishment of project, from what it was before the establishment of the project. The project, Therefore, the role of the Kirkuk irrigation project, in addition to its importance in urban development and the service reality in the countryside, is to support the agricultural reality with sustainable agricultural development. In this case, the project will solve the problem of water scarcity and scarcity experienced by the rural population, due to the spread and scattering of villages, and their proximity to sources Irrigation after the establishment of the project represents support for the rural economy for the emergence of new types of crops that did not exist before the establishment of the project, such as the cotton crop, for example, and the increase in the production quantities of other crops, which depended on blood-watering or wells. The research aims to analyse the spatial developmental impact of the Kirkuk irrigation project to come up with planning indicators that help in building social and economic services and to study and analyse the spatial distribution patterns of existing rural settlements before and after the establishment of the project, through the use of the descriptive approach to study the effects of the Kirkuk irrigation project, and then adopt the approach Inductive analysis of project variables and indicators quantitatively. One of the most important conclusions achieved for the role of the Kirkuk irrigation project in sustainable agricultural development in addition to the changes in the service and urban reality of rural settlements and linking to transport networks, which is the basis for trade and marketing of agricultural produce, is the process of sustainable agricultural development, which is the focus of the research by making a comparison of agricultural areas and production quantities The types of crops produced before and after the establishment of the Kirkuk irrigation project.

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Dr. Bülent Akın, Doç. "ASHÂB-I SUFFA'DAN KIRKLAR MECLİSİ'NE: YU". International Language, Literature and Folklore Researchers Journal 1, n.º 27 (1 de enero de 2021): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.12992/turuk1163.

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Al-Mamouri, Abdullah, Amer Al-Khafaji y Ali Al-Musawi. "The Asmari Formation Petrophysical Parameters in the Abu Ghirab Oil Field of the Zagros Fold Belt Basin, Southeastern Iraq, Using Well Log Data Interpretation". Iraqi Geological Journal 55, n.º 2E (30 de noviembre de 2022): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.2e.8ms-2022-11-22.

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The current study represents the evaluation of petrophysical characteristics, lithological analysis, and identification of the Asmari Formation for the main and sub-reservoir units in the Abu Ghirab oil field, Maysan, southeast of Iraq. This petrophysical assessment was accomplished using the interpretations of well log data to know the properties of the Asmari Formation reservoir. The available logs such as resistivity, gamma ray, neutron and density logs were converted to digital data using the Diger Sotware. The lithic properties of the reservoir like porosity, total shale saturation, oil and water saturation were interpreted and calculated using the interactive petrophysics software. The lithic and mineral study was completed and the type of mineral filling was known through the cross-plot of the porosity logs for different wells. The petrophysical properties were calculated and represented on the CPI profile. Depending on the petrophysical characteristics, the Asmari Formation was divided into main and sub units, which are: Jeribe-Euphrates and its sub-units A1, A2, and A3; Upper Kirkuk unit and B1, B2, B3, B4 sub-units; and Middle-Lower Kirkuk unit and C subunit. The results showed that the reservoir has economic oil productivity. The subunits B2, B3 in Upper Kirkuk were characterized by high effective porosity values and high hydrocarbon content, and they are the highest produced units in Upper Kirkuk in studied wells. The vary on lithology represents as dolomites in the Jeribe, Euphrates, limestones in the Kirkuk group, and the mineral components were calcite and dolomite.

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Abdul Sahib, Sanaa y Nazar Mahmud. "Measles in Kirkuk Governorate: Cohort Study". Iraqi National Journal of Nursing Specialties 24, n.º 2 (30 de diciembre de 2011): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.58897/injns.v24i2.111.

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Objective(s): To describe the demographic attributes, vaccination status of measles patients and the occurrence ofthe disease according to time and place in Kirkuk governorate during the year 2010.Methodology: The epidemiological study (a descriptive study) on measles cases was carried out in Kirkuk provincewhich is one of the Iraqi governorates from January 20th to July 30th, 2011. Data were collected retrospectively byreview of patients' files that were registered at the department of statistic in health directorate of Kirkuk during theyear 2010. A purposive "non-probability" sample of (152) confirmed measles cases (clinically and laboratory) thatwere registered at the department of statistic in health directorate of Kirkuk during the year 2010, were selected forthe purpose of the study. These data include demographic data, vaccination status, place and time of reporting thecases by month. The obtained data of the registered cases were entered in to the computer and analyzed through theuse of the statistical package social sciences (SPSS 11.5); the data analysis was preformed through descriptivestatistical approach, such as (frequency and percentage).Results: The study findings revealed that (49.3%) of measles cases were more than fifteenth years of age, (57.9%) ofthem were male. Up to half of cases occurred inside Kirkuk city, and according to vaccination status, (47.4%) ofmeasles cases were vaccinated.Recommendations: The study highlighted the necessity of timely measles vaccine campaign, additional dose ofvaccine to include also adolescents and adults who may be sensitive to measles, and importance of health educationfor unimmunized adult person.

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Salih, Hewa Sittar. "Mothers Fear from Caesarean Section in Kirkuk City". Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences 6, n.º 1 (8 de marzo de 2016): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36321/kjns.vi20161.2624.

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Objectives: To know the mothers fearing of caesarean birth in Kirkuk governorate as well as to classified their fearing according to the severity and found the priority of method for treatment. Methodology: A descriptive study of a quantitative design was carried out at Azadi teaching hospital and Kirkuk general hospital in Kirkuk governorate for women after caesarean birth June 5th2013 to April 31st2014. A convenience sample of (200) women after cesarean from Azadi Teaching Hospital and Kirkuk General Hospital in Kirkuk governorate. Developed questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of the study which consists of (26) items, the first part include the demographic data of the respondent, the second part fearing of mothers. The data were collected through the use of interview. They were analyzed through the application of descriptive statistical analysis (frequency and percentage). Results: The findings of the study indicated that (29%) of the sample Age group were (20-24) year's old, (37%) were primary school graduated, (82%) were house wives, (25%) were first pregnant and (70%) were never had abortion. Conclusion: There have been different reasons for mother's fears such as fear of fetus death, the fear of labor pain and fear of fetus harm. Recommendation: Provide advanced efficient Nursing staff to treat fearing associated with the patient by Caesarean birth, Psychological support to the pregnant women before Caesarean birth and answer all questions of pregnant mothers about Caesarean birth.

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Mohammed, Qasim Hussein. "Assessment of Patients Knowledge about Gastritis at General Kirkuk Hospital in Kirkuk City". Mosul Journal of Nursing 1, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/mjn.2015.160020.

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Hvithamar, Annika. "En kirke eller flere? De ortodokse kirker i Danmark". Religion i Danmark 5, n.º 1 (2 de junio de 2016): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rid.v5i1.23615.

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Ortodoks kristendom forbindes ofte med en form for kristendom, som hører hjemme i sydligere eller østligere himmelstrøg end det danske. Men der har været ortodokse kristne i Danmark siden 1800-tallet. Og de vokser i disse år. Men er der tale om en kirke – den ortodokse kirke, eller er der tale om flere kirker – de ortodokse kirker? På Familiestyrelsens hjemmeside optræder i dag fem ortodokse kirker: To russiske, en serbiske, en makedonske, en rumænsk og den ortodokse kirke i Danmark. Det kan umiddelbart virke modsætningsfyldt. Men svaret ligger dels i den ortodokse kirkes historie og organisationsstruktur og dels i den historiske udvikling i Europa. Hvad en ortodoks kirke er, og hvordan de har udviklet sig i Danmark er derfor temaet for denne artikel.

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Marwan Fawzi Takriti, Ghalia Nassreddine, Joumana Younis y Tamima ElHassan. "The Impact of Digital Transformation in Enhancing Operational Performance: An Applied Study in the Kirkuk Electricity Distribution Branch". Journal of Techniques 5, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2023): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51173/jt.v5i3.1525.

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Digital transformation is the procedure that integrates recent technologies in organizations to push essential change, improve efficiency, and facilitate work for employees. This paper studies the impact of digital transformation on the operational performance of the Kirkuk Electricity Distribution Branch. Four dimensions of digital transformation will be considered: infrastructure, skills, environment, and digital technology. A descriptive analytical methodology was adopted to examine this impact. A questionnaire of 27 questions was built and distributed to the Kirkuk Electricity Distribution Branch employees. The answers from a convenience sample of 328 male and female employees were collected. These answers were examined using SPSS software and statically tools. The result shows a significant impact of the digital transformation on the operational performance of the Kirkuk Electricity Distribution Branch.

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Hazem Hassan, Khalid y Hassan A. H. Abdul Hussien. "Estimation of rock strength from sonic log for Buzurgan oil field: A Comparison study". Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 20, n.º 1 (30 de marzo de 2019): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2019.1.7.

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It is very difficult to obtain the value of a rock strength along the wellbore. The value of Rock strength utilizing to perform different analysis, for example, preventing failure of the wellbore, deciding a completion design and, control the production of sand. In this study, utilizing sonic log data from (Bu-50) and (BU-47) wells at Buzurgan oil field. Five formations have been studied (Mishrif, Sadia, Middle lower Kirkuk, Upper Kirkuk, and Jaddala) Firstly, calculated unconfined compressive strength (UCS) for each formation, using a sonic log method. Then, the derived confined compressive rock strengthens from (UCS) by entering the effect of bore and hydrostatic pressure for each formation. Evaluations the result of compared rock strength generated from two wells for the same formation and match the bottom and top of this formation in two wells. Based on the obtained results, a good agreement between values of unconfined compressive strength from well (50) and well (47) that used real along of drilling section. The net results of the match between rock strength for wells (BU-50, BU- 47) of five formations; Mishrif, Sadia, Middle lower Kirkuk, upper Kirkuk, and Jaddala were 97, 87, 96.5, 97, 86 %, respectively

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Omer Sabah Ibrahiem Al-Tamimi. "Estimation of Groundwater Recharge Using Chloride Mass Balance (CMB) Unconfined Aquifer in Kirkuk Sub-Basin/ NE Iraq". Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 23, n.º 8 (8 de agosto de 2018): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v23i8.547.

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An estimation of groundwater recharge for the unconfined aquifer in Kirkuk - Iraq sub-basin, has been conducted using chloride mass balance method by measuring the monthly chloride concentration in monthly basis for rainy (wet) season 2015-2016 , samples have been selected from 44 water wells scattered in the region of interest ,the results shown that the groundwater recharge is about 15.6% from the total annual precipitation (304.3 mm) where the total recharge reached ~ 47.5 mm, moreover an additional source of fresh water is feeding the region of interest represented by Kirkuk irrigation channel ,the discharge is nearly 7 m3/sec for 360 days ( 218 MCM/Year). the total amout of recharge to Kirkuk sub-basin is equal to 411 MCM/Year. The discharges of Al-Khassa river which crossed the central parts of ROI, were neglected because the river became controlled by Al-Khassa dam which was recently constructed at the northern border of the ROI which represented by Kirkuk structure. The present study is recommended to use this source of renewal water through strategic plan where additional comprehnsive hydrologic studies and aquifer modeling are needed to prevent the groundwater depleting in the region.

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Mohammed, ‎Husam, Qutaiba ‎. Muhammad y Ahmed ‎. ‎. Shakour. "Psychological flow and its Relationship to self-esteem among employees of youth and sports ‎centers in Kirkuk governorate". Sports Culture 13, n.º 2 (25 de octubre de 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/sc.22.2.34.

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The current research aims to: - Identifying the correlation between psychological flow and self-esteem among the affiliates in youth and sports centers in Kirkuk governorate.The researchers assume the following:- There is a significant correlation between psychological flow and self-esteem among the affiliates in youth and sports centers in Kirkuk governorate.The researchers used the descriptive approach in the correlative method for its suitability and the nature of the current research.The research community included the employees of the youth and sports centers in Kirkuk governorate 2021/2022, whose number is (92) in the directorates of youth and sports in the governorate of Kirkuk. 67) affiliates, after excluding the stability and exploratory experience sample of (20) affiliates, and excluding (4) incomplete answers, thus the proportion of the research sample reached (72.82%) of the total research community.The researchers used the following methods to reach the research results:Psychometric flowmeter.Self-esteem scale for athletes.And that is after verifying the scientific transactions of the two scales of validity, reliability and validity of their application on the current research sample. The researchers concluded the following: The two variables of psychological flow and self-esteem affect each other in a positive and direct way and are associated with their appearance among the affiliates in the youth and sports centers in Kirkuk governorate. The researchers recommend the following: - Enhancing the self-esteem of the affiliates constantly as it raises the degree of their athlete commitment and thus affects their achievement and performance during the performance of their job duties in the Directorate

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Mohammed, Najat Abdullah y Amra Ibrahim Sultan. "The Rhetorical Difficulties of Teaching English Novel to the Third Grade from the Instructors and Students' Perspectives". Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities 30, n.º 7, 2 (31 de julio de 2023): 26–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.30.7.2.2023.23.

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This study aims at revealing the rhetorical difficulties of teaching English novel to the third grade from the instructors and students' perspectives at the Universities of Tikrit and Kirkuk. Identifying the rhetorical difficulties and the problems that face Third grade students in the English Departments in Colleges of Education for Humanities at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities in teaching English novel from instructors' and students' perspectives. In order to achieve the aims of the study certain procedures have been followed: The population are 161 undergraduate EFL students, in the third year of English Departments, Colleges of Education for Humanities of Tikrit and Kirkuk, the sample is 65 students, whereas the population of instructors are 25 who teach third year students English literature at both Colleges of Education Tikrit and Kirkuk Universitie The instrument is a questionnaire for both teachers and students. First questionnaire has been constructed and distributed to the teachers who are teaching English novel to third year students of English Department in the Colleges of Education for humanities at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities, to find out the nature of the difficulties that face teachers in teaching novel. Then the questionnaire has been constructed and distributed to the third year students of English Department in the Colleges of Education at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities. The teachers questionnaire contains (50) items, to be answered by English novel teachers, while the questionnaire of students contains (20) items, to be answered by the third year students. The novels that are included in the questionnaire are : "Wuthering Heights" by Emily Bronte "Great Expectations" by Charles Dickens The face and the content validity of the questionnaire have been ascertained. It has been submitted to a jury of ten experts in English language . The questionnaire has been applied to (15)teachers in English departments at the Colleges of Education for Humanities at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities. Through the analysis of the results of the two questionnaire. It has been found out that the students face many rhetorical difficulties in studying novel and these difficulties can be categorized into two kinds: 1.Difficulty in understanding rhetorical. Difficulty in teaching a rhetorical devices. After the analysis of the results of the current study. It is recommended and concluded that rhetorical aspect of novel should be concentrated , explained , analyzed to students .

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Abid, Raith y Nidaa Khazraji. "Semantic Prosodies and Frame Semantics in Media Discourse: A Case Study of the Ubiquitous Mayhem in the Iraqi City of Kirkuk". English Language and Literature Studies 7, n.º 4 (2 de noviembre de 2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v7n4p49.

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The study investigates the semantic prosodies and semantic framing of the Iraqi city of Kirkuk as depicted in the media. This research aims to supplement current critical research by investigating the issue of Kirkuk and the main reasons for its constant mayhem as presented in media discourse, which hitherto has never been investigated. Moreover, this study’s synergy of semantic prosody and semantic framing is novel. The corpus consists of Eastern and Western news articles retrieved from 4 December 2012 to 23 December 2012. The results of the study indicated that Kirkuk is typically associated with negative prosodies that revolve around political unrest, military tension, and bomb attacks. The main reasons for this mayhem, as depicted in the media, are the city’s most prominent features that is, its multi-ethnicity and oil wealth.

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34

Basas, Faeza y Suhailah Ali. "Maternal and Prenatal factors associated with miscarriage among women attending Kirkuk City Hospitals, Iraq". Rawal Medical Journal 48, n.º 4 (2023): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/rmj.20230517075422.

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Objective: To identify predisposing factors that increase risk of miscarriage among women. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out from 15th November 2022 to 1st May 2023. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 400 women attending the Kirkuk City Hospitals (Azadi Teaching Hospital, Kirkuk General Hospital and Al-Naser Maternity and Obstetric Hospital). Results: Most of participants were aged between 35-39 years. Nearly one quarter (21.50%) participants had antiphospholipid antibody syndrome as a factor associated with miscarriage. Only a few (11.5%) participants were using cigarettes, 36.3% had vitamin D deficiency, 19.5% had urinary tract infection, and 16.0% had poly cystic ovarian syndrome. Conclusion: Factors connected to increased risk of miscarriage among women living in Kirkuk were age, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, vitamin D deficiency and polycystic ovaries.

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Kahraman, Volkan, Nukhet Dogan y Hakan Berument. "Benchmark Prices and Iraqi Oil Prices: The Asymmetric Effects of Benchmark Prices on Three Iraqi Oil Blends". International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 14, n.º 2 (15 de marzo de 2024): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.15407.

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This paper examines the asymmetric effects of benchmark oil prices on the prices of the three major Iraqi oil blends (Basrah Light, Basrah Heavy and Kirkuk) using Kilian and Vigfusson's (2011) non-linear VAR specification. The empirical evidence reveals that a decrease in benchmark prices decreases Basrah Light and Kirkuk oil blends more than an increase in the benchmark increases the prices of these two Iraqi blends for the October 2002-October 2019 period. However, the asymmetric behavior of Basrah Heavy is the reverse for the April 2015-October 2019 period. Moreover, as the magnitude of the benchmark oil price shocks increases, the degree of asymmetry increases. This shows that Iraq cannot benefit from oil price increases and market developments for its two most important export blends: Basrah Light and Kirkuk.

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36

Danook, Suad Hassan, Hussein A. Z. AL-bonsrulah, Ishak Hashim y Dhinakaran Veeman. "CFD Simulation of a 3D Solar Chimney Integrated with an Axial Turbine for Power Generation". Energies 14, n.º 18 (13 de septiembre de 2021): 5771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185771.

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The solar chimney is one of the uninvestigated areas in the possible selection in the field of renewable solar energy utilization. CFD can be demonstrated as a useful tool of figure confidence in the design and employment of a solar chimney. A realistic numerical model for a solar-based updraft power plant for power generation was established through this research work. Iraqi weather in Kirkuk, northern Iraq was considered for this case study. A three-dimensional (3D) simulation of the main geometric dimensions of the Spanish, Manzanares model integrated with a real turbine was performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The turbulent model of RNG k-e, the nongrey discrete coordinate (DO) radiation model, and the solar raytracing algorithm were used. It was observed that the air velocity below the turbine was graded according to the seasons of the year and was at its maximum in July with 18.28 m/s due to the high ambient temperature, and the lowest value was recorded in January with 8.64 m/s. The overall average daily and monthly energy production values for the Kirkuk system were higher than those of the Kubang system, with values of 310 kWh/day and 9314 kWh/month, respectively, for the Kirkuk system, and 246 kWh/day and 7398 kWh/month, respectively, for the Kubang system. The simulation results showed that the electricity generation from the Kirkuk city power plant varied seasonally to be at its maximum value of 14,424 kWh/month in July. This research work will help to determine the possibility of producing electricity in this Kirkuk city, which would then contribute in a great way to reduce the cash spent on electricity.

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Mahmoud, Laith y Hanaa Al Naqib. "Castle of Kirkuk قلعة کرکوک". Conference Book of the General Union of Arab Archeologists 19, n.º 19 (1 de diciembre de 2016): 1496–522. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/cguaa.2016.29672.

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Hodøl, Hans-Olav, Roy Emanuelsen y Geir Christian Johannessen. "Kirker, korona og nettbaserte gudstjenester". Norsk medietidsskrift 28, n.º 02 (4 de junio de 2021): 01–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn.0805-9535-2021-02-02.

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39

Taha Nail Al-Haiany, Muhammad y Subhy Ahmed Mukhlef Al-Dulaimy. "CONSTRUCTIONAL INDUSTRY IN KIRKUK GOVERNORATE". Al-Anbar University Journal For Humanities 2013, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2013): 416–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37653/juah.2013.144479.

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40

A. Rasheed, S. y M. A. Kadir. "Prevalence of some parasitic helminths among slaughtered ruminants in Kirkuk slaughter house, Kirkuk, Iraq". Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 22, n.º 2 (28 de diciembre de 2008): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2008.5722.

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41

Ali, Rebaz Ismail. "Prevalence and Impact of Headache in Undergraduate Students in Kirkuk University". Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences 6, n.º 2 (29 de agosto de 2016): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36321/kjns.vi20162.2663.

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Background : Headache is one of the most common disorders of the nervous system and several of its subtypes tension-type headache, migraine, cluster headache and the so-called chronic daily headache syndromes cause substantial levels of disability for students and peoples throughout the world. Objectives: this study Aims to determine headache prevalence among college students at Kirkuk university in Kirkuk city and to find out the relationship between headache and demographic characteristic of student with age , gender and residence. Methodology: descriptive design used to achieve the objectives of the study was carried out at on students of colleges at Kirkuk University between the from September 14th 2014 to May 1st 2015. The study was conducted in Kirkuk university, the study conducted on six college from Kirkuk University (Education ,Nursing , Agriculture , Science, Law and Administration and Economic ). A convenient sample consisted of (600) students who were study in the colleges of Kirkuk university. Through extensive review of relevant literature, In order to collect the study information, a questionnaire was constructed .The data was collected by using personal and interview technique. Overall items included in the questionnaire were (52) items. The questionnaire consists of two parts, demographic data which is composed of (10) items such as (age, gender, class, marital status, types of headache and duration). part two include characteristic of headache comprised of (42) items. That classified as (Frequency, Onset, Location, Triggers and Associated Symptoms for headache. All items were measured by using 3-likert scale option were used in the rating scale as always (3) , some time (2) and Never (1). Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, which include frequency and percentages, were computed and inferential statistics (T test and ANOVA), Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version (17) is used for data analysis at (P.value 0.05). Results :The results shows the headache were high in students at age between (21-25 years) and constitute (59.5 %). Also the results shows the headache is common in females and constituted of (50.7 %) . Most of the students were Single and constituted (86.4% ) and (43.0%) of the students were have tension headache ,with regard to the start of headache (54.7% ) of the sample were have headache after reading finally about duration of headache (38.8%) of student were have headache hourly also the result show high significant between headache and type of college Also the study concluded there were significant differences between pain type, Location , Triggers and Associated Symptoms for headache and their student gender except for Frequency and Onset of headache. Conclusion: Headache is a highly prevalent condition among the students at the University of Kirkuk .This disease may have a major impact on the students lives and in some cases, ultimately lead to educational failure. Recommendation: The researcher recommends further studies includes all colleges Kirkuk university, provide psychological support for college student to decrease tension headache, constructing specialized headache center to dealing with headache cases and providing posters, booklet to improve students' knowledge about headache

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Ahmed, Ghaith Adnan y Hadi Alwan Muhammad Al-Saedi. "Phenotypic and Confirmatory Diagnosis by PCR Technique of Malassezia Fungi that Cause Tinea Versicolor among Young People in Kirkuk / Iraq". Journal of Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Human Diseases, n.º 35 (4 de septiembre de 2023): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jpdmhd.35.31.44.

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This Study Was Conducted At The Biology Department, College Of Education For Pure Sciences, Kirkuk University. 200 Samples Were Collected From Different Parts Of The Human Body From People Who Had Signs Of Tinea Versicolor Disease And Their Age Groups Between 10-≤40 Years And From Both Genders (Female And Male) From Some Cities Of Kirkuk Governorate, Including The Internal Departments Of Kirkuk University, Medical Laboratories, And Patients Attending Hospitals For Dermatological Consultations And Clinics Of Doctors Specializing In Dermatology, Hawija And Daquq Cities At A Period Between October 15, 2022, And May 13, 2023, The Number Of Pathological Samples Positive for Transplantation Was 87 Samples With A Rate Of 43.5%, And The Infection Rate In Males Was 56.3% And In Females 43.7%. Through The Study, Five Types Of Fungi Of The Genus Malassezia Spp. Were Isolated According To Their Appearance, Biochemical Tests, And Then PCR. They Are M. Furfur, M. Globosa, And M. Slooffiae; M. Restricta; And M. Obtusa. M. Furfur Was Most Common Among The Other Species, With 49.4% Of Species Records. M. Furfur Was Identified In Kirkuk Governorate As One Of The Causes Of Tinea Versicolor, As It Appeared In 43 Pathological Samples Taken From Different Sites Of The Skin, And Its Incidence Accounted For 49.4%. It Is The Most Affected Area Of The Body.

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43

Raheem, Ali Hussein y Hassan Habib Hassan Ashraa Kalee. "The yield performance of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under different planting times". Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences 11, n.º 4 (22 de diciembre de 2023): 657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22194/jgias/23.1129.

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Adoption of graded and certified seeds for planting has a high demand among the farmers at Kirkuk city, where maize has different way of consumption like a staple food, forge crop and raw material for industry. This study aimed to evaluate common domestic maize genotype, against the modern maize genotype under different summer planting times at the district of Kirkuk - Kirkuk governorate, Iraq. The study include two genotypes of maize, (Bohoth106 modern genotype and domestic maize genotype) and three planting times (early-July, mid-July and late-July). The experiment was established in three replicate blocks under randomized complete block design. The results showed that Bohoth106 which planted at mid-July had a significant performance, in traits kernels weight per ear (164.5 g), grain yield (11.2 t.ha-1), Stover yield (25.1 t.ha-1) and biomass yield (36.2 t.ha-1). Whereas, the lowest values were observed in the interaction between domestic maize with early-July planting time. Simple correlation coefficients revealed that grain yield positively and significantly correlated with leaf area index, Stover yield, biomass yield, grain Stover ratio and harvest index. According to the presented results farmers can cultivate Bohoth106 at mid-July till late-July to achieve high grain yield during summer planting time in Kirkuk district, Iraq. Keywords: Maize yield, Genotypes, Planting times, Regression relationship.

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44

Hugason, Hjalti. "Aðskilnaður ríkis og kirkju. Upphaf almennrar umræðu 1878–1915. Síðari grein". Ritröð Guðfræðistofnunar, n.º 48 (2019): 25–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/theol.48.2.

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The Icelandic Constitution from 1874 constituted a national church and religious freedom in the country, instead of the former evangelical-lutheran state-religion. Only four years later discussions began about whether a national church and religious freedom were compatible or if it was necessary to choose the one or the other. In an article published in the last number of this journal it was shown how two opposite viewpoints regarding this question had already developed by 1880. The first one, “the way of separation”, was driven by human-rights perspectives, aiming to establish real religious freedom for everybody. The other one, “the way of legislation”, was based on religious and ecclesiastic perspectives. Those who followed the second one, wanted to develop an independent national church, with ongoing relations with the state. In this second article, particular themes of the debate on separation between church and state are analyzed, and various views on the topic expressed in religious bulletins and journals examined. The main focus will be on the financial relationship between the state and the church after separation had taken place, and the question of public education, which was the responsibility of the national church until 1907. To conclude with, it will be shown how the criticism of separatists were met by constitutional amendments in 1915. Finally, the interpretation that discussions about separation of state and church during the period 1878–1915 should be seen as a part of the national freedom struggle of the Icelandic people is rejected.

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Narîmân, Mistafâ y Halkawt Hakim. "Instituteur à Kirkouk entre 1948 et 1962". Maghreb - Machrek N° 163, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1999): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/machr1.163.0041.

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46

Raziani, Farinaz, Tine Tholstrup, Marlene D. Kristensen, Matilde L. Svanegaard, Christian Ritz, Arne Astrup y Anne Raben. "Reply to JI Pedersen and B Kirkhus". American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 105, n.º 4 (abril de 2017): 1017.2–1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.149476.

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47

Thorsen, Jakob Egeris. "Kristne kirker under COVID-19: globale nedslag". Religion i Danmark 10, n.º 1 (24 de febrero de 2021): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rid.v10i1.125201.

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48

Al-Bayati, Sami R. A. "The Feasibility of Solar Energy in Kirkuk City Through Using PV Module". Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 13, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2006): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.13.1.02.

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The total solar energy intensity on the horizontal surface measured for the Kirkuk city. This is obtained by rneasuring theshort circuit current induced from standard PV module consistir-rgof 36 PV cell connected in series. The measurement performed ateach hour of daylight for a period of one year. The measured data compared with data obtained theoretically from tire empirical formulas, which indicates that the theoretical prediction of the solar energy intensity is 31% larger than the measured values. The result indicates that the Kirkuk city receives a large quantity of solar energy, because the percent of the sunshine hour to the cloud covered hour is found to be 89%. comparative cost analysis of the electricity from the PV solar cell and diesel system shows that the electricity from PV solar system at Kirkuk city is cheaper than that obtained from diesel system of about 40.6% when 15 year working period is considered.

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49

Al-jaf, Aeesha y Jathwa Al-ameen. "Comparison of a Traditional Landfill and a Mechanically-Biologically Treated waste Landfill (Case study; Kirkuk landfill)". Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 28, n.º 2 (5 de mayo de 2021): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.28.2.06.

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Owing to the increasing population in Kirkuk, Iraq and the consequent rise in the production of waste, alongside with global warming caused by an increase in the greenhouse gases concentrations, a high level of emissions was observed at the landfill site near Kirkuk. These emissions can be transmitted by the wind over considerable distances and adversely affect the environment and individual health. In this study, two pilot scale columns were built to investigate different options for achieving sustainability by reducing long-term landfill emissions. Each reactor was packed with (8.5) kg of shredded synthetic solid waste (less than 5 cm) that was prepared according to an average composition of domestic solid waste in the city of Kirkuk. The main result of this study was that the pretreatment of the waste may shorten the transition time for active methane development and increase the methanogenesis of the landfill site and also affects COD removals efficiencies which were 19.11% and 66.53% for columns A and B respectively.

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50

Jensenius, Jørgen H. "Staver som brytes og kirker som faller – Vedlikehold og rivning av kirker i middelalderen". Kirke og Kultur 112, n.º 05 (4 de diciembre de 2007): 418–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1504-3002-2007-05-05.

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