Tesis sobre el tema "Kinase Syk"
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Garcia, Emilien. "Rôle de la tyrosine kinase SYK dans la régulation du processus métastatique du mélanome". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4154/document.
Texto completoThe progression of tumors to metastatic disease involves the loss of metastatic suppressor functions, as it is the case in melanoma. Thus, aberrant cell migration is a key feature of melanoma progression, and is required for metastasis. SYK (Spleen tyrosine kinase) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that has been implicated in tumor suppression of breast cancer and melanoma. In skin cells, SYK is found expressed in melanocytes but SYK is frequently downregulated in melanoma by epigenetic silencing. We showed previously that its loss has been associated with senescence escape. Whether it also regulates tumor cell migration and subsequent metastasis remains poorly understood. In this work we used gain- and loss-of-function approaches to analyze SYK’s effects on metastatic abilities of human and murine melanoma cells. Respectively, the reexpression or knockdown of SYK results in decreased or increased migration, invasion and metastasis of melanoma cells. Notably, SYK knockdown cells displayed a mesenchymal-like phenotype with upregulation of mesenchymal markers. Our study unveils a novel role for SYK in suppressing integrin-mediated adhesion, both a points of traction and a signaling platform during cell migration, and outlines the importance of SYK inactivation in acquisition of a metastatic phenotype. To clarify the role of SYK in melanoma formation and progression, we have generated a conditional Syk KO mouse model in melanoma based on melanocyte-specific Pten loss and BrafV600E activating mutation. Preliminary results suggest that Syk loss does not accelerate Pten/Braf-driven melanoma formation but leads to deep invasion of Braf/Pten tumor cells into the dermis
Pechloff, Konstanze. "Conditional in vivo expression of the fusion kinase ITK-SYK". Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-159471.
Texto completoNys, J. "Role of the Syk tyrosine kinase in mature B cell function". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/20243/.
Texto completoGarcia, Emilien. "Rôle de la tyrosine kinase SYK dans la régulation du processus métastatique du mélanome". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4154.
Texto completoThe progression of tumors to metastatic disease involves the loss of metastatic suppressor functions, as it is the case in melanoma. Thus, aberrant cell migration is a key feature of melanoma progression, and is required for metastasis. SYK (Spleen tyrosine kinase) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that has been implicated in tumor suppression of breast cancer and melanoma. In skin cells, SYK is found expressed in melanocytes but SYK is frequently downregulated in melanoma by epigenetic silencing. We showed previously that its loss has been associated with senescence escape. Whether it also regulates tumor cell migration and subsequent metastasis remains poorly understood. In this work we used gain- and loss-of-function approaches to analyze SYK’s effects on metastatic abilities of human and murine melanoma cells. Respectively, the reexpression or knockdown of SYK results in decreased or increased migration, invasion and metastasis of melanoma cells. Notably, SYK knockdown cells displayed a mesenchymal-like phenotype with upregulation of mesenchymal markers. Our study unveils a novel role for SYK in suppressing integrin-mediated adhesion, both a points of traction and a signaling platform during cell migration, and outlines the importance of SYK inactivation in acquisition of a metastatic phenotype. To clarify the role of SYK in melanoma formation and progression, we have generated a conditional Syk KO mouse model in melanoma based on melanocyte-specific Pten loss and BrafV600E activating mutation. Preliminary results suggest that Syk loss does not accelerate Pten/Braf-driven melanoma formation but leads to deep invasion of Braf/Pten tumor cells into the dermis
Saen, Michaël Bastien. "La tyrosine kinase Syk influence négativement la progression du cycle cellulaire à travers la phosphorylation de la kinase Cdk1". Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20200.
Texto completoThe non-receptor Syk tyrosine kinase has mainly been studied in haematopoietic cells in which it plays a key role in the immune-response signalling. Our laboratory demonstrated for the first time that Syk is expressed also in normal human breast cells and tissue and low-tumorigenic breast cancer cell lines, whereas its expression is low or undetectable in invasive breast carcinoma tissue and cell lines. Transfection of Syk in a highly tumorigenic breast cancer cell line suppressed its tumorigenic and metastatic capacity in athymic mice, suggesting that Syk acts as a tumour suppressor. Surprisingly, overexpression of transfected Syk provokes abnormal cell division and a non-apoptotic cell death, reminiscent of mitotic catastrophe. Furthermore, our laboratory demonstrated that Syk is localized and catalytically active at the centrosomes, in which Syk expression is controlled in a spatio-temporal manner. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms and the Syk effectors responsible for its anti-oncogenic activity remain unknown. In this PhD thesis, we demonstrate that Syk could negatively affect cell division through the phosphorylation of a key protein involved in the control of mitosis: the Cdk1 kinase. We observed that Syk interacts with the Cdk1/cyclin B1 complex and that it phosphorylates Cdk1 on different tyrosine residues, amongst which we identified the tyrosine 15 residue, known to negatively affect the progression of mitosis. Surprisingly, transient Syk overexpression induced an accumulation of cells in the G1 cell cycle phase. Finally, we demonstrate that anti-cancer drugs that provoke genotoxic stress and a cell cycle block induce phosphorylation of Cdk1 on tyrosine and this in a Syk activation-dependent manner. These novel aspects of Syk function will undeniably contribute to a better understanding of its onco-suppressive activity in breast cancer cells
Schweighoffer, Edina. "The role of Syk protein tyrosine kinase in B cell development and function". Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250493.
Texto completoMayanglambam, Azad. "Regulation of Protein Kinases (Syk and PKC zeta) in platelets". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/91635.
Texto completoPh.D.
Platelets are crucial components of the hemostatic machinery of the body. When the endothelial continuity is disrupted due to injury or atherosclerotic plaque rupture, one of the earliest responses to arrest the bleeding is the adhesion of circulating platelets to the exposed subendothelial collagen matrix. Subsequent intracellular signaling mediated downstream of various receptor systems leads to alpha IIb beta 3 activation, thromboxane generation, ADP release, etc., culminating in platelet clot or thrombus formation. The protein kinase family of enzymes mediates a significant number of these intracellular signaling events that culminate in platelet activation. These enzymes can be broadly classified into two classes- tyrosine kinases and serine/threonine kinases. Syk (spleen tyrosine kinase) is an important non-receptor tyrosine kinase present in platelets and plays an important role downstream of GPVI-FcR gamma chain receptor complex activation. We studied the effects of curcumin (diferuloylmethane), which is the active ingredient found in the herbal remedy and food spice turmeric, on the GPVI-mediated platelet activation. We have found that it significantly inhibits the kinase activity of Syk without affecting its phosphorylation. Pre-incubating the platelets with curcumin for only a minute resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of aggregation and secretion, with approximately 75% inhibition observed at 50 mM curcumin. Additionally, the activation-dependent phosphorylation of tyrosines 753/759 on PLC gamma2 and phosphorylation of tyrosine 191 on the transmembrane scaffold protein LAT, were inhibited (p<0.05). However, the phosphorylation of the activation loop tyrosines 525/526 on Syk and of the tyrosine 145 on intracellular adaptor molecule SLP-76 were not significantly affected. Furthermore, the inhibitory action of curcumin on the catalytic activity of Syk was independent of any of its effects on the thromboxane generation because all our studies were performed using aspirin-treated platelets. PKC zeta is an atypical member of the PKC family of serine/threonine kinases. In this study, we have confirmed that it is expressed in human platelets and is constitutively phosphorylated at the activation loop threonine 410 as well as the turn motif threonine 560, which is an autophosphorylation site. Phosphorylation at these two residues has been shown to be important for its kinase activity. Furthermore, agonist-mediated platelet aggregation under stirring condition results in dephosphorylation of the Thr410 residue, which can be prevented by blocking integrin alpha IIb beta 3 by its antagonist SC-57101 (p<0.01). The dephosphorylation of Thr410 can also be prevented by okadaic acid, a Ser/Thr protein phosphatase inhibitor, at concentrations above 100 nM. However, in PP1c gamma null mice, we did not observe any effect on the dephosphorylation, suggesting that other isoforms of PP1 or other classes of the phosphatases could be responsible for this phenomenon, at least in these knockout mice. The basal phosphorylation of Thr560, however, remained unaffected by agonist stimulation, integrin activation, integrin blockade, okadaic acid treatment and in the PP1c gamma null mice. It can be speculated that PKC zeta may be constitutively active under basal resting conditions and acts as a negative regulator of platelet activation or functional responses. The Thr560 autophosphorylation signal alone may not be sufficient to sustain its full enzymatic activity.
Temple University--Theses
Le, Roux Delphine. "Régulation des interactions entre endosomes et cytosquelette pendant la présentation antigénique : un rôle pour la protéine tyrosine kinase Syk". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066472.
Texto completoFargier, Guillaume. "Comportement dynamique au centrosome de la tyrosine kinase Syk, un nouveau suppresseur de tumeur dans le sein : étude par microscopie à haute résolution". Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20241.
Texto completoInitially studied for its role in immunoreceptor-mediated downstream signalling, the tyrosine kinase Syk acts like a tumor and metastasis suppressor within breast cancer cells. The mechanism of its anti-oncogenic activity remains, however, to be identified. In addition to its cytoplasmic localization, Syk is also visualized at plasma membrane extensions and at the centrosome in which it exhibits a catalytic activity and is tightly regulated along the cell cycle. Considering both the action sites of potential effectors as identified by proteomic approach and differently targeted DsRed-Syk following the tyrosine residue mutated, we hypothesize a phosphorylation code targeting the kinase at different sub-cellular compartments depending on the tyrosine residue activated. In order to determine whether a dynamic exchange occurs between the subcellular compartments, we applied different imaging techniques on living breast cancer cells transiently expressing wild-type and mutant fluorescent Syk chimeras. Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) with DsRed-Syk and photoactivatable GFP-Syk clearly evidenced rapid exchanges at the centrosomes with a recruitment τ of 18,54 ± 3,63 sec. Treatments affecting the microtubule skeleton or the molecular motor dynein, TIRF imaging of Syk clusters, antibody co-localization, directional drift of activated PA-GFP-Syk corroborated by mathematical modelling, together show that the tubulin cytoskeleton and the microtubule motor dynein/dynactin are necessary for Syk recruitment at the centrosome
Yamamoto, Noriyuki. "Development of a selective inhibitor for Syk tyrosine kinase and investigation of its pharmacological activities". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/148369.
Texto completoPechloff, Konstanze [Verfasser] y Daniel [Akademischer Betreuer] Krappmann. "Conditional in vivo expression of the fusion kinase ITK-SYK / Konstanze Pechloff. Betreuer: Daniel Krappmann". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038152178/34.
Texto completoZyss, Déborah. "Syk, protéine kinase impliquée dans le cancer du sein : localisation centrosomale et rôle dans la division cellulaire". Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20038.
Texto completoThen, Cornelia. "Die Bedeutung der Tyrosinkinase Syk für die Aktivierung der PI3-Kinase bei der β2-Integrin-abhängigen Leukozytenmigration". Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-86071.
Texto completoLarive, Romain. "Identification et caractérisation fonctionnelle des effecteurs du suppresseur de tumeurs Syk dans les cellules de cancer du sein". Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20165.
Texto completoThe cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase Syk (Spleen tYrosine Kinase) has predominantly been studied in hematopoietic cells in which it is involved in immunoreceptor-mediated downstream signaling. Recently, numerous studies evidenced that Syk is also expressed in multiple non-hematopoietic cells and that it is involved in tumor formation and progression. More particularly, loss of Syk expression in breast tumors has been correlated with an increased risk for metastasis formation and re-expression of Syk by transfection reduced the tumorigenic and metastatic capacities in breast cancer cells injected in mice. The downstream Syk signaling effectors in these cells remain presently unknown and were identified by mass spectrometry using the quantitative phosphoproteomic SILAC (Stable Isotope Labelling with Amino acids in Cell culture) approach. Two strategies based on the inhibition of the Syk catalytic activity with the pharmacological inhibitor piceatannol and on the loss of Syk expression in metastatic or doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cell lines allowed to quantify over 350 proteins purified on phosphotyrosine-dependent immuno-affinity columns. Amongst the 41 potential effectors that are both dependent on the Syk expression and catalytic activity, ten proteins are involved in intercellular adhesion and epithelial polarization, two cell activities frequently deregulated during tumour progression. Most interestingly, we evidenced that Syk phosphorylates ezrin, a component of the actin-based cytoskeleton, as well as the principal adherens junction components (E-cadherin and several catenins), thereby triggering analogous or opposite effects as compared to oncogenic tyrosine kinases phosphorylating the same proteins. The functional consequences of these modifications will allow to elucidate the mechanism of the Syk onco-suppressive activity in epithelial cells
Baudot, Alice. "Rôle de la protéine kinase Syk dans la survie des cellules de leucémie lymphoïde chronique de type B". Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4024.
Texto completoB-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is characterized by the accumulation of mature monoclonal CD5+ B cells. The disease results mainly from a failure of cells to undergo apoptosis, a process largely influenced by the existence of constitutively activated components of BCR signalling and the deregulated expression of anti-apoptotic molecules. Recent evidence pointing to a critical role of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) in ligand-independent BCR signalling prompted us to examine its role on CLL cells survival. Using primary leukemic cells, we show that pharmacologic inhibition of constitutive Syk activity and depletion of tis expression by siRNAs led to a dramatic decrease of cell viability in all tested CLL samples (n=44/44), regardless of clinical and biological status, and induced typical apoptotic cell death, with mitochondrial failure followed by caspase 3-dependent cell death. These events were accompanied by a decreased phosphorylation of PKCδ, but not PKCα/δ, and by a down-regulation of Mcl-1, but not XIAP. Moreover, the degradation of Mcl-1 following Syk inhibition elide on a caspase-independent, but proteasome-dependent process, and was rescued by the expression of B-Cll cell viability and represents an attractive therapeutic target
Lhermusier, Thibault. "Régulation plaquettaire : ciblage de la protéine kinase Syk dans les HIT et rôle du transporteur lipidique ABCA1 dans les fonctions plaquettaires". Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1698/.
Texto completoPlatelet activation at sites of vascular injury is essential for haemostasis. Next to this critical role in bleeding arrest, platelets are involved in thrombotic diseases such atherothrombosis or heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Therefore, they are targets of antithrombotic therapies. We have studied the mechanisms of platelet activation in two pathological situations; HIT with the tyrosine kinase Syk as a key player and Tangier disease resulting of a loss of function of the ABCA1 lipid transporter. HIT is a prothrombotic and potentially devastating complication of heparin therapy due to formation of platelet-activating antibodies directed against complexes of platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin. These antibodies contribute to clear platelet from the circulation and activate, by their Fc fragment, Fc?RIIA receptors on platelet surface or FcgRI and FcgRII receptors on monocyte, leading to platelet aggregation and tissue factor expression by monocytes. We have shown that Syk activation is crucial for platelet activation (signalization, secretion, aggregation, microparticle generation) initiated by anti-PF4/heparin antibodies from sera of patients suffering from HIT. Interestingly, Syk inhibition also prevented tissue factor expression and procoagulant activity of moncytic cells induced by these antibodies. We propose that Syk inhibitors, initially developed as a potential treatment of autoimmune disease, may be of therapeutic interest in the treatment of HIT. ABCA1 has been demonstrated to be crucial in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway by loading cholesterol and phospholipids into ApoA-I to generate high density lipoproteins. Its defect is associated to circulating lipid disturbance but also to hemorrhagic diathesis. Surprisingly, using ABCA1 knock-out mice, we have demonstrated that this transporter is neither implicated in phosphatidyserine exposure, a mechanism leading to the procoagulant activity of activated platelets, nor in the control of platelet membranes cholesterol content. However, mouse platelets deficient for ABCA1 have an increased size and a defect in response to low doses of agonists such as thrombin and collagen. Our data indicate that ABCA1 is involved in the efficiency of platelet signal transduction, particularly in the activation of Akt. These studies have characterized key players of platelet activation and suggest new strategies in the development of antithrombotic therapies
Kassouf, Toufic. "Rôle de la tyrosine kinase Syk, un candidat suppresseur de tumeur, dans l'adhérence intercellulaire et l’intégrité épithéliale de la glande mammaire". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONT3518.
Texto completoThe spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a cytoplasmic protein kinase involved in immune-response signaling. Our team showed for the first time that Syk is also expressed in mammary epithelial cells and that its expression is lost during acquisition of an invasive/metastatic phenotype. Syk acts as a tumor and metastasis suppressor in breast cancer xenograft models. Clinical studies corroborated that loss of Syk expression is correlated with a decreased survival and an increased risk of metastasis development (poor prognosis) in breast cancer and other carcinomas. Using a quantitative phospho-proteomic SILAC approach in breast cancer cells, our group identified new potential Syk substrates. Interestingly, many proteins are involved in intercellular adhesion (E-cadherin/catenin) and epithelial polarization (eg ZO3, occludin, claudin-3). These proteins are localized at the adherens and tight junctions and are known as signaling platforms and components often presenting a tumor suppressor function.In this thesis I mainly focused on:(i) the role of the Syk kinase activity in the regulation of the E-cadherin/catenin complex and(ii) the consequences of the conditional Syk knockout in the mouse mammary gland on breast development and tumorigenesis.Using in vitro kinase assays, we demonstrated that E-cadherin (E-Cdh) and different catenins are direct Syk substrates. The phosphorylated tyrosine residues were identified by mass spectrometry and corresponding phospho-specific antibodies were generated. By immunofluorescence, we observed that endogenous Syk and E-Cdh colocalize at adherens junctions (AJ) and that Syk overexpression stimulates Syk-dependent phosphorylation of E-cadherin and different catenins at AJ. Immunoprecipitation experiments indicate phosphorylated E-cadherin and catenin proteins are associated in a complex. Using functional tests, Syk knockdown by shRNA in breast cancer cells partially inhibited intercellular re-aggregation (2D/3D) and increased cell invasion, migration and 3D-growth in Matrigel. Conversely, Syk overexpression inhibited migration and invasion and promoted intercellular adhesion. Thus, Syk seems to strengthen the intercellular junctions and the integrity of the epithelium via the phosphorylation of the E-cadherin/catenin complex of which its molecular mechanisms were explored. This could be a major mechanism responsible for its anti-invasive activity.These in vitro observations were subsequently extended to an integrated mouse model. As the homozygous SYK gene knockout is lethal; we developed a conditional Syk deletion model in the murine mammary gland (Syk-flox:WAP-Cre).This model allowed us to study the role of Syk in the development and physiology of the mammary gland during lactation and involution, the Syk-negative glands showing developmental defects. On a long-term basis, it also allows to assess the involvement of Syk in the formation and progression of breast cancer in aging cKO Syk mice, bred or not with transgenic mice expressing the MMTV-Neu / Her2 oncogene.Whether Syk is a bona fide tumor suppressor is a crucial issue as Syk inhibitors are being evaluated in clinical studies for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Identification of the signaling pathways governed by Syk could lead to the development of new therapies targeting these proteins and blocking tumor development and progression
Bailet, Olivier. "Étude de la protéine tyrosine kinase Syk, un nouveau suppresseur de tumeur dans la transformation des mélanocytes en mélanome". Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE4051.
Texto completoLoss of tumor suppressive pathways that control cellular senescence is a crucial step in malignant transformation. Spleen tyrosine kinase (syk) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that has been recently implicated in tumor suppression of melanoma, a deadly skin cancer deriving from pigments-producing melanocytes. However, the mechanism by which syk suppresses melanoma growth remains unclear. Here we report that re-expression of syk in melanoma cells induces a p53-dependent expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and a senescence program. We first observed that syk expression is lost in a subset of melanoma cell lines, primarily by dna methylation mediated gene silencing and restored after treatment with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine. We analysed the significance of epigenetic inactivation of syk and found that reintroduction of syk in melanoma cells dramatically reduces clonogenic survival and three-dimensional tumor spheroid growth and invasion. Remarkably, melanoma cells re-expressing syk display hallmarks of senescent cells, including reduction of proliferative activity and dna synthesis, large and flattened morphology, senescence-associated beta galactosidase activity and heterochromatic foci. This phenotype is accompanied with hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma protein and accumulation of p21, which depends on functional p53. Futhermore, we showned that the proteins nck 1/2 are new effectors of syk in melanoma cells. Our results highlight a new role for syk tyrosine kinase in regulating cellular senescence and identify syk-mediated senescence as a novel tumor suppressor pathway whose inactivation may contribute to melanoma tumorigenicity
Back, Steven. "TULA-2: A Novel Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase That Regulates Osteoclast Differentiation and Function". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/254886.
Texto completoPh.D.
The human skeleton is a dynamic organ that serves multiple functions to maintain normal physiology and health. It protects vital organs, provides support for movement, houses marrow and maintains calcium homeostasis. The skeleton is maintained by the work of two cells with opposing functions: osteoblasts, cells that synthesize organic bone matrix and osteoclasts that degrade and resorb it. These cells interact with one another in a tightly regulated process known as the bone remodeling cycle. This cycle maintains the health of bone by removing and replacing weak or damaged bone and responding to stress loads by remodeling portions of the skeleton that require reinforcement. Osteoblasts differentiate from mesenchymal stem cells and respond to hormonal stimuli by synthesizing and secreting cytokines necessary for osteoclast differentiation. Osteoblasts may become embedded within mineralized matrix, becoming osteocytes, cells that can sense changes in mechanical loading and facilitate localization of the remodeling cycle. Osteoclasts differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) when the cell surface receptors, c-FMS and RANK, are activated by ligands produced by osteoblasts, M-CSF and RANKL respectively. In addition to c-FMS and RANK stimulation, another calcium-mediated, co-stimulatory pathway must be activated to ensure proper osteoclast differentiation. This pathway is activated by two immunoreceptors, OSCAR and TREM-2 that interact with adaptor proteins termed FcRγ and DAP12 respectively. These adaptor proteins harbor immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAM), which exist on their cytoplasmic tail. Once the immunoreceptors are triggered, specific tyrosines within the ITAM motifs become phosphorylated and act as docking points for the tyrosine kinase, Syk. Once bound, Syk autophosphorylates and acts on its downstream targets. Syk dephosphorylation is, therefore, necessary to attenuate this signal to prevent over activation of osteoclasts. Recently, a novel tyrosine phosphatase, T-cell Ubiquitin ligand -2 (TULA-2) has been shown to dephosphorylate specific phosphotyrosine residues on Syk in various systems and has shown an increased specificity to dephosphorylate tyrosine 352. The goal of this project is to determine how TULA-2 mediated dephosphorylation of Syk regulates osteoclast differentiation and function. TULA-2 is a member of the TULA family of proteins, TULA and TULA-2. In spite of a significant homology and similar domain organization between TULA and TULA-2, only TULA-2 has significant phosphatase activity. Furthermore, whereas TULA is expressed only in lymphocytes, TULA-2 is expressed in most tissues albeit a higher level of expression is seen in cells of hematopoietic origin. In vivo analysis including Micro-computed tomography (Micro CT) and histomorphometry indicated that mice that lack both TULA and TULA-2 (DKO) have decreased bone mass compared to wild-type (WT) counterparts. An in vitro cell differentiation assay revealed that a larger population of osteoclast-like cells (OCL) could be cultivated from bone marrow isolated from DKO mice compared to OCL derived from WT bone marrow. An in vitro resorption pit assay revealed that DKO osteoclasts could resorb bone at a faster rate than WT counterparts. Additionally, over-expression of phosphatase-dead TULA-2 in WT osteoclasts increased the ability of the cells to resorb bone. At the molecular level, activation of the co-stimulatory pathway revealed increased tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk 352 in DKO pre-osteoclasts when compared to phosphorylation of Syk isolated from WT pre-osteoclasts. Cumulatively, the above data indicates that the absence of TULA-2 results in an increased signaling response leading to a larger population of hyperactive osteoclasts, which contributes to decreased bone mass in mice. These data suggest that the phosphatase activity of TULA-2 is required for negative regulation of bone resorption.
Temple University--Theses
Then, Cornelia. "Die Bedeutung der Tyrosinkinase Syk für die Aktivierung der PI3-Kinase bei der 2-Integrin-abhängigen [Beta2-Integrin-abhängigen] Leukozytenmigration". kostenfrei, 2008. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8607/.
Texto completoGetz, Todd Michael. "The Regulation of Phosphorylation Events in Platelets". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/213114.
Texto completoPh.D.
Platelets play a vital role in processes of hemostasis and thrombosis under physiological and pathological conditions. Following vascular damage, platelets will accumulate and stably adhere to exposed subendothelial matrixes. The binding of platelet surface receptor Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) to exposed collagen initiates a signaling cascade, which culminates in platelet activation. Stimulation of GPVI pathways results in the generation of thromboxane and causes the platelets to secrete their granule contents. This generated thromboxane as well as constituents released from dense granules such as ADP, and serotonin, play an essential role in potentiating the platelet response through activation of other surface receptor mediated pathways. Importantly, downstream of all these separate pathways, kinases become activated and play a crucial role in phosphorylating their substrates to elicit critical cellular responses. Previously published studies have established the importance for myosin kinase in its role for phosphorylating the myosin light chain (MLC) downstream of ADP receptors. These studies have shown MLC phosphorylation occurs rapidly and is essential for shape change following the stimulation of ADP receptors. Technological advances in antibody development have resulted in the generation of commercially available phospho-specific antibodies for MLC phosphorylated on either threonine (Thr) 18 or serine (Ser) 19. These antibodies allowed us to revisit these prior studies and address whether phosphorylation on MLC (Ser) 19 would elicit one response while phosphorylation on (Thr) 18 may result in another functional response. Our result show, that MLC is phosphorylated rapidly on (Ser) 19 and plays an important role in shape change downstream of Gq pathways, while MLC (Thr) 18 phosphorylation occurs at a slower rate downstream of G12/13 pathways and contributes to platelet dense granule secretion. Protein kinase C's (PKC) are serine/threonine kinase, which become activated following the stimulation of many of the platelet surface receptors. PKCs are classified into three groups, classical (α, βI, βII, γ), novel (δ, ε, η, θ), and atypical (ζ, ι, λ, μ) based on their cofactor requirements for activation. The classical PKCs, which require diacylglycerol and calcium for their activation were investigated using the specific inhibitor Go6976. Much to our surprise, we demonstrated that downstream of GPVI pathways, Go6976 caused non-selective inhibition of Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) activity. This inhibition of Syk activity resulted in a concentration-dependent reduction in phosphorylation of downstream molecules Lat and PLCγ2 as well as platelet aggregation and secretion. Stimulation of surface receptors GPVI, CLEC-2, GPIb, and FcRIIa, all lead to the activation of tyrosine kinase pathways. The role for Syk in these pathways is essential and in the absence of its activity these pathways are completely shut down. We inadvertently discovered dextran sulfate (DxS) actives platelets. Our results show that DxS activates a Src-dependent pathway which does not utilize surface receptors GPVI, CLEC-2, GPIb, or FcRIIa. Platelets pretreated with Syk inhibitors OXSI-2 or Go6976 failed to cause αIIbβ3 activation in response to convulxin, however, platelets activated with DxS under the same conditions retained the ability to activate αIIbβ3. In response to DxS, platelet aggregation, intracellular calcium mobilization, and αIIbβ3 activation were significantly inhibited in platelets pre-treated with PI-3K inhibitors. Taken together these results for the first time establish a novel tyrosine kinase pathway in platelets that cause fibrinogen receptor activation in a PI-3K dependent manner without a role for Syk. In conclusion, we have evaluated the role of myosin light chain kinase, Syk, and PI-3 kinase downstream of platelet receptor-mediated pathways. We have examined the phosphorylation status of several of their effector molecules and have correlated these events with their functional responses in platelets. Here we have highlighted several roles for platelet kinases and their relative importance in regulating platelet functional outcomes.
Temple University--Theses
Bohnenberger, Hanibal Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wienands y Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Pieler. "Regulation der „spleen tyrosine kinase“ Syk im B-Zell-Antigen-Rezeptor-Signalweg / Hanibal Bohnenberger. Gutachter: Jürgen Wienands ; Thomas Pieler. Betreuer: Jürgen Wienands". Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1046721801/34.
Texto completoLiu, Jie. "Activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) in human neutrophils : study of p47phox phosphorylation during phagocytosis". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UNIP5213.
Texto completoNeutrophils, also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), are essential players in the innate immune system, responsible for the phagocytosis of pathogens. During phagocytosis, neutrophils produce substantial amounts of superoxide anion, which subsequently generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and hypochlorous acid, crucial for microbial killing. The enzyme responsible for superoxide production is the NADPH oxidase complex, composed of membrane-bound proteins (gp91phox/NOX2 and p22phox) and cytosolic proteins (p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac1/2). Upon activation, these cytosolic components translocate to the membrane, leading to the assembly and activation of the enzyme. Proper regulation of NADPH oxidase activity is essential to balance effective pathogen clearance and avoid excessive tissue damage due to ROS.The objectives of my thesis aims to investigate the phosphorylation of p47phox in human neutrophils stimulated by serum-opsonized zymosan (OZ), an agent known to induce phagocytosis. We focus on identifying the specific phosphorylation sites and elucidating the signaling pathways involved in this process. Human neutrophils were isolated from the venous blood of healthy volunteers using Dextran sedimentation and Ficoll centrifugation. Zymosan was opsonized using autologous serum rich in immunoglobulins (IgG) and complement proteins (C3b and C3bi). Neutrophils were then stimulated with either non-opsonized or opsonized zymosan, and p47phox phosphorylation was assessed using SDS-PAGE and Western blotting with specific antibodies. ROS production was measured using luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. Confocal microscopy was employed to visualize neutrophil interactions with fluorescently labeled opsonized zymosan. Various kinase inhibitors were used to dissect the signaling pathways leading to p47phox phosphorylation. The results showed that serum-opsonized zymosan (OZ) induced rapid and transient phosphorylation of p47phox at Ser304, Ser315, Ser320, and Ser328, detectable within 20 seconds and peaking at 40-60 seconds. This phosphorylation declined over 10 minutes, while ROS production remained sustained for over 30 minutes. Non-opsonized zymosan did not induce significant phosphorylation or ROS production. Phosphorylation occurred upon contact with OZ, prior to phagocytosis, and was primarily induced by IgG and C3bi opsonins through their respective receptors, Fc-gamma R and CR3. Inhibitor studies revealed that Src and Syk tyrosine kinases, PI3K, PLC, PLD, calcium, and PKC-beta2 are crucial for p47phox phosphorylation and subsequent NADPH oxidase activation. This study elucidates the specific phosphorylation events and signaling pathways that regulate NADPH oxidase activation in human neutrophils during phagocytosis. Serum-opsonized zymosan induces rapid phosphorylation of p47phox at Ser304, Ser315, Ser320, and Ser328, which is necessary to initiate but not sustain NADPH oxidase activity. IgG and C3bi are the primary opsonins driving this process through Fc-gamma R and CR3 receptors. Key signaling pathways involve Src and Syk tyrosine kinases, PI3K, PLC, PLD, calcium, and PKC-beta2. These findings enhance our understanding of neutrophil activation and provide potential therapeutic targets for modulating immune responses
BRIKEN, VOLKER. "Role des regions intracytoplasmiques des immunorecepteurs et de la proteine kinase syk, dans le transport intracellulaire de l'antigene et la selection du repertoire peptidique presente par des cellules presentatrices d'antigenes". Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077190.
Texto completoAponte, Emilie. "Régulation de la signalisation de Src par son domaine N-terminal intrinsèquement désordonné". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT095.
Texto completoThe membrane-anchored non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src is involved in numerous signal transduction pathways and hyperactive Src is a potent oncogene and driver of human metastasis. Most of our knowledge on Src kinase regulation relies on structural data, which revealed SH2 and SH3-dependent intramolecular interactions to control active conformations of the protein. The kinase, SH3 and SH2 domains of Src are attached to the membrane-anchored SH4 domain through the flexible unique domain (UD). The role of this UD remains obscure due to its intrinsically disordered properties for which reason it was not included in original structural analyses. Interestingly, membrane-associated intrinsic disordered domains are more prevalent among signaling and cancer-related proteins and they are thought to play critical roles in human disease. NMR analysis of Src N-terminus in the presence of lipids revealed a partially structured conformation of the UD through the contact of a small peptide sequence with membrane lipids and the SH3 domain of the protein (Perez et al, 2013; Maffei et al, 2015). This interaction was regulated by phosphorylation of Ser69 and Ser75 surrounded this central region. The aim of my thesis project was to assess the biological relevance of this structural data. Interestingly, I showed that expression of Src mutants with UD loss of function drastically affected Src activity and signaling in human non-transformed cells as well as Src oncogenic properties in metastatic colorectal cancer cells. This highlights the biomedical relevance of the system. Further proteomic analysis revealed an unsuspected mechanism by which this region controls the Src capacity to phosphorylate specific substrates involved in cancer cell activity. These data support a previously unrecognized important role of the UD on Src activity and signaling and reveals a critical role of intrinsic disordered domains in the regulation of kinase signaling in human disease. Targeting this unique region by small molecules may be of therapeutic value in human cancer
Luhovy, Artem. "The activation of protein kinase SLK". Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97038.
Texto completoUne expression, une localisation ou une activation inappropriée des protéines kinases rénales peut provoquer une dysplasie rénale ou une maladie cystique prématurée. L'expression et l'activation de la protéine Ste20-like kinase (SLK) sont plus élevées pendant le développement des reins et durant la guérison d'une insuffisance rénale ischémique aiguë. Une activation de la protéine SLK entraîne l'apoptose des cellules in vitro et in vivo. Au cours du développement et de la régénérescence cellulaire, SLK peut réguler la croissance cellulaire. Par contre, dans les glomérulonéphrites, l'activation de la SLK et une apoptose des cellules épithéliales glomérulaires (GEC) peuvent être dommageables et peuvent provoquer des lésions glomérulaires sclérotiques. L'objectif de ce projet est d'élucider la régulation de l'activité de la SLK dans le but de mieux comprendre son rôle dans le développement et les lésions ou maladies glomérulaires rénales. Ce projet postule que l'activation de la protéine SLK peut être due à une régulation à la hausse de l'expression, qui peut alors favoriser une homodimérisation et une autophosphorylation. Pour étudier le rôle de la phosphorylation dans la régulation de l'activation, les résidus sérine (S189) et thréonine (T183) ont été mutés dans le segment putatif du domaine catalytique de la SLK. Deux mutants simples (T183A et S189A) et un double mutant (T183A/S189A) ont été créés. La forme sauvage (WT) et les mutants de la SLK ont été exprimés dans les cellules cos-1 et GEC. SLK WT phosphorylais la protéine basique de myéline (MBP) contrairement aux mutants S189A et T183A/S189A qui montraient une activité kinase in vitro non significative. La mutation T183A diminuait la phosphorylation de MBP significativement. L'analyse des voies de signalisation de la kinase N-terminal c-jun (JNK) et de la p38 par la SLK a été étudiée sachant que l'expression de la SLK WT stimule la phosphorylation de la JNK et de la p38. Tant que T183A/S189A n'a pas pu activer la JNK et la p38, les mutants T183A et S189A ont activé la JNK à un degré moindre que la SLK WT. Ces résultats démontrent que la phosphorylation de T183 et de S189 est importante pour l'activation de la SLK. De façon similaire, l'expression de la SLK WT a stimulé l'activation de la protéine activatrice 1 (AP1), un facteur de transcription de la famille c-fos et c-Jun, tandis que les trois mutants ont été incapables de stimuler AP1. Pour déterminer si l'homodimérisation de la SLK affecte la phosphorylation, l'ADN complémentaire de la SLK codant le domaine catalytique (1-373) a été fusionné avec l'ADN complémentaire d'une protéine modifiée qui s'attache à des molécules FK506 (Fv), pour créer SLK-Fv. Après la transfection, l'addition du AP20187, un analogue de FK506, induit la dimérisation de la SLK-Fv. La dimérisation occasionnée par l'AP20187 a augmenté l'activité catalytique de la SLK-Fv. Par contre, tous les mutants Fv fusionnés T183A/S189A, E79A, K63R et T193A démontraient une activité catalytique faible, que la dimérisation n'a pas pu augmenter. Ce qui est particulièrement intéressant, les mutants phosphomimétiques T183D, T183E, S189D et S189E montraient aussi une activité catalytique faible qui n'a pas été affectée par la dimérisation. Finalement, l'apoptose et la nécrose sont accrues suite à une surexpression de la SLK-Fv WT, mais pas avec le mutant T183A/S189A-Fv. Ainsi, les acides aminés K63 et E79 et la phosphorylation de T183, S189 et T193 jouent un rôle important dans la régulation de la SLK et pourraient être ciblés par des approches thérapeutiques pour le traitement des néphropathies.
Delarosa, Sierra. "Regulation of the Ste20-like kinase, SLK". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86512.
Texto completoLa régulation de la croissance cellulaire, de l'apoptose et de la différentiation cellulaire sont essentielles pour le développement rénal. L'expression et l'activation de la protéine kinase SLK (« Ste20-like kinase ») sont augmentés durant le développement rénal et la récupération d'une ischémie suite a un dommage rénal, qui en fait récapitule certains aspects du développement rénal. La kinase SLK peut promouvoir la mort cellulaire et pourrait être impliquée dans la régulation de la croissance durant le développement et le processus de guérison. Nous proposons que l'activation de la kinase SLK soit due à l'augmentation de son expression favorisant ainsi son homodimérisation et/ou le déblocage de son auto-inhibition. Pour tester cette hypothèse l'ADN complémentaire (ADNc) codant pour le domaine catalytique de SLK (acides aminés 1-373) a été fusionné avec un ADNc codant pour une version modifiée de la protéine de liaison FK506, appelée Fv2E. La construction résultante, Fv2E-SLK (1-373), a été transfectée dans des cellules COS-1 pour exprimer la protéine fusion résultante. L'addition d'AP20187 (un analogue de FK506) peut ensuite induire la dimérisation de Fv2E-SLK (1-373). In vitro, le dimère Fv2E-SLK (1-373) montre une augmentation de son activité de 1.7 fois par rapport à la version monomère. Des cellules épithéliales glomérulaires ont ensuite été transfectées transitoirement avec la construction Fv2E-SLK (1-373) et traitées ou non avec l'AP20187. Comparée au monomère, la forme dimérique du Fv2E-SLK (1-373) augmente la phosphorylation de c-Jun N-terminal kinase et de la kinase p38 de 1.5 à 2.1 fois respectivement, reflétant ainsi une activation qui semble liée au stress. Dans une autre expérience visant à mesurer l'activité de SLK nous avons mesuré la transactivation de p53 suite a une transfection transitoire d'un plasmide rapporteur contenant l'élément de réponse cis de p53.$
Hägebarth, Andrea. "Brk tyrosine kinase signaling in the gastrointestinal tract". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15379.
Texto completoThe Breast tumor kinase Brk is a prototypical non-myristoylated, non-receptor tyrosine kinase. Brk expression is epithelial-specific and ,in normal tissues, restricted to cells exiting the cell cycle and undergoing terminal differentiation. To determine the biological role of Brk in the gastrointestinal tract, we disrupted mouse brk by homologous recombination. Loss of Brk in the mouse resulted in increased intestinal epithelial cell turnover and the appearance of longer small intestinal villi. Brk deficient mice displayed enhanced accumulation of nuclear (-catenin and upregulation of the (-catenin target gene c-myc in the crypt compartment of small and large intestine. In addition, Brk deficient mice exhibited increased Akt kinase activity. Even though, there was no corresponding difference in base-line apoptosis in untreated wild-type and knockout animals. However, subjected to (-irradiation, Brk deficient animals were significantly impaired in the apoptotic response. Wild-type mice, however, exhibited normal levels of apoptosis following (-irradiation accompanied by a rapid induction of Brk expression in crypt cells. Furthermore, chronic inflammation was observed in Brk deficient mice, and they showed increased susceptibility to a colon injury model utilizing DSS. Interestingly, wild-type mice exhibited a significant upregulation of nuclear Brk protein throughout the intestinal epithelium in response to DSS. These recent findings suggest that Brk plays a crucial role in the maintenance of intestinal tissue homeostasis and integrity. In addition, Brk may function to protect the intestinal epithelium against DNA-replication-induced errors and hence the development of cancer. Contrary to reported oncogenic properties of Brk in other epithelial tissues, Brk appears to have tumor suppressor-like functions in the mouse gastrointestinal epithelium.
Pryce, Benjamin. "Role of the Ste20 Like Kinase in Muscle Development and Muscular Dystrophy". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38710.
Texto completoFallah-Arani, Farnaz. "The role of Syk-family protein tyrosine kinases in B cell development". Thesis, Open University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424593.
Texto completoAl-Zahrani, Khalid. "The Role of the Ste20-like Kinase in Embryonic Development and Neu-induced Mammary Tumorigenesis". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38614.
Texto completoOhanna, Mickaël. "Implication de la S6 kinase (S6K) dans la croissance musculaire". Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05N01S.
Texto completoThe skeletal muscle size is modulated in case of exercise or during ageing and diseases. In mammals, mTOR (mammalian target of repamycin) pathway controlled by the nutriments and the growth factors is implicated in skeletal muscle growth. We are investigating molecular functions of two targets of mTOR in muscle growth : the proteins S6 kinase 1 (S6K2) & 2 (S6K2), by using mice knock out for S6K1 and S6K2. We show that myoblastes S6K1 -/- have reduce cell size and normal proliferation. In the differentiated state, S6K1 -/- myotubes have a normal number of nuclei but are smaller, and their hypertrophic response to IGF1, nutrients and membrane-targeted AKt is blunted. Thes growth defects reveal that mTOR requires distinct effectors for the control of muscle cell cycle and size, potentially opening new avenues of therapeutic intervention against neoplasia or muscle athrophy
Irving, Carol. "Characterisation of the receptor tyrosine kinase, Sek-1, during vertebrate embryogenesis". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263644.
Texto completoDempsey, Jamie Michelle. "SRPK2 Phosphorylation by the AGC Kinases, and mTORC1 Regulation of Alternative Splicing". Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10602.
Texto completoWarnke, Silke. "Funktionelle Charakterisierung der humanen Polo-Kinase Plk2-Snk im Zell- und Centrosomenzyklus". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971267154.
Texto completoChaar, Ziad Y. "Molecular regulation of the Ste20-like kinase (SLK) by SRC-dependent pathways". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29203.
Texto completoBaron, Kyla Doreen. "The Role of LMO4 in the Regulation of SLK Localization & Activation within Migrating Cells and in Murine Mammary Tumorigenesis". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34195.
Texto completoVan, Ziffle Jessica Ann Grant. "Src-family and Syk tyrosine kinases are required for neutrophil effector responses to infection and inflammation". Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3390082.
Texto completoDoepfner, Kathrin T. "Targeting receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in acute myeloid leukemia /". Zürich, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000253043.
Texto completoLanzendörfer, Martina. "Die Glukose-abhängige Regulation der Genexpression der humanen Serin-Threonin-Kinase h-sgk". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965349578.
Texto completoDidier, Jean-Philippe. "Rôle des sérine/thréonine protéine-kinases dans la virulence de Staphylococcus aureus". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10161.
Texto completoWe report that protein phosphorylation on serine and threonine is required for controlling staphylococcal virulence. We identified and characterized a second serine/threonine kinase, Stk2, in S. aureus. Biochemical analyses revealed that this enzyme displays autokinase activity on both threonine and serine residues. Stk2 is atypical in the sense that it exhibits a weak similarity with the first Ser/Thr-kinase previously detected, Stk1, and its undergoes a different mechanism of activation compared to the other bacterial Ser/Thr-kinases described so far. We also showed that SarA, a major transcription factor that regulates more than a hundred virulence genes, is phosphorylated by both Stk1 and Stk2. Phosphorylation of SarA leads to strong effects on its ability to bind DNA. The study of Stk1 and Stk2, at the molecular level, provides a better understanding of the role of these staphylococcal Ser/Thr-kinases in bacterial metabolism and, in particular, in the regulation of virulence
Shum, Michaël. "Rôle de la voie mTORC1/S6K et RSK dans le métabolisme énergétique". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27988.
Texto completoThe Ser/Thr kinase mTOR complex 1 (mammalian Target Of Rapamycin) (mTORC1), his downstream effectors S6K1 (p70 ribosomal S6 kinase) and RSK (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase) are key regulators of insulin signaling and energy metabolism. The mTORC1/S6K1 pathway regulates cellular proliferation, growth, protein synthesis, lipogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, insulin signaling and inhibits autophagy. One of the most important roles of this signaling pathway is to integrate differents signals such as growth factors, energy status, oxygen, and nutrients. Thus, the mTORC1/S6K1 pathway is overactivated by nutrient excess conditions such as obesity. In addition, RSK is a downstream kinase of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and it is also known to regulates cell proliferation, growth and to activate the mTORC1 pathway. Insulin and hyperglycemia are known to be among RSK activators. Therefore, mTORC1/S6K1 and RSK are involved in insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes. In a first study published in Diabetologia journal, we evaluated the effect of S6K1 inhibition with a selective S6K1 inhibitor, PF-4708671, on insulin resistance and energy metabolism. We used myotubes (L6) and hepatocytes (FAO) and observed that S6K1 inhibition increases glucose uptake in muscle and decrease glucose production in hepatocytes. In both cell type, S6K1 inhibition increases insulin-stimulating Akt phosphorylation. In addition, we treated obese mice fed high-fat diet for 1-week with S6K1 inhibitor. Mice treated with PF-4708671 have improved glucose tolerance and insulin-stimulating Akt phosphorylation in muscle, adipose tissue, and liver compared to obese mice treated with vehicle. Mechanistically, we showed in a 2nd study that this inhibitor inhibits S6K1 activity but also mitochondrial complex 1 which is associated with an increase in AMPK activation. Along with this study, we showed in a 3rd study published in J. Biol. Chem., that RSK1 phosphorylates directly IRS-1 on Ser1101 and RSK inhibition, by using either a RSK inhibitor (BI-D1870) or dominant-negative RSK1, improves insulin stimulating Akt phosphorylation as well as increasing glucose uptake in myotubes and inhibiting hepatic glucose production in vitro. Therefore, we demonstrated that RSK is a novel regulator of insulin signaling by phosphorylation Ser1101 of IRS-1. In conclusion, we are proposing that S6K1 inhibition and RSK1 inhibition are potential therapeutics targets to treat insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Keywords : mTORC1, S6K1, RSK, MAPK, insulin resistance, obesity, PF-470867
Schäfer, Ellen. "Bedeutung der Protein-Tyrosin-Kinase pp60Src für die Genese der akuten myeloischen Leukämie /". Hamburg, 2007. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000252854.
Texto completoDedieu, Fabien. "Régulation de l'expression du facteur eIF4GII par le protéasome : rôle de la Polo-like Kinase Snk". Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/131/.
Texto completoThe eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIF) 4GI and eIF4GII are scaffolding proteins critical for the assembly of translation initiation complexes. EIF4GI and eIF4GII are the target of different signaling pathways, and a recent report indicates that they may possess distinct functions. Here we show that the polo like kinase (Plk) 2 interacts directly with eIF4GII. In the cell, Plk2 targets eIF4GII to destruction. Plk2-dependent degradation of eIF4GII is sensitive to proteasome inhibition and necessitates both a physical interaction with and ubiquitination of Plk2 (but not that of eIF4GII), suggesting that Plk2 acts as a specific adaptor for the proteasome. We also show that both eIF4GII and Plk2 are destructed by the proteasome upon oxidative stress. Furthermore, although eIF4GI also interacts with Plk2, Plk2 does not target eIF4GI to destruction suggesting that eIF4GI binding to Plk2 may serve another function. Thus, we propose that Plk2 can control translation initiation rates at least through the regulation of eIF4GII cellular content
CABRILLAC, DIDIER. "Etude biochimique du mode de fonctionnement du recepteur kinase srk chez le chou fourrager (brassica oleracea)". Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENSL0159.
Texto completoConway, Jillian. "A Novel Role for SLK in Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35699.
Texto completoSchmidtko, Achim. "Cysteine-rich protein 2 : a substrate of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I in nociceptive processing /". Frankfurt a.M, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000254017.
Texto completoBeck, Sascha Daniel. "Modulation des epithelialen Natriumkanals (ENaC) und des Shaker-Kaliumkanals Kv1.3 durch die Aldosteron-induzierte Serin-Threonin-Kinase SGK". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96907915X.
Texto completoZiegler, Katharina. "Tetrasubstituierte Imidazole als ATP-kompetitive p38 MAP Kinase Inhibitoren: Synthese, biologische Testung und Untersuchung zur metabolischen Stabilität /". Tübingen, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000253679.
Texto completoYan, Yijian [Verfasser] y Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Baumeister. "TORC2 regulates endocytic trafficking via serum-and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase gene sgk-1 in the intestine of C. elegans". Freiburg : Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1217193499/34.
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