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Frolova, Natal’ya S. "Expatriate Kenyan poetry: Marjorie Phyllis Oludhe Macgoye and Stephen Derwent Partington". Vestnik of Kostroma State University 26, n.º 4 (28 de enero de 2021): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-4-172-178.
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English-language poetry in Kenya emerges and begins to develop in the 1970s, a decade later than the Ugandan one. It was at this time that the first truly brilliant examples of poetic work appeared – these are poems of Jared Angira and Micere Githae Mugo, who later became classics of Kenyan literature, whose work characterises the two main directions of Kenyan English-language poetry of the second half of the 20th century – critical-realistic and philosophical-mystical [Frolova: 75–90]. Studying the English-language poetry of Kenya draws attention to such an interesting phenomenon as the Kenyan poetry of expatriate writers. These are the creative work of Marjorie Oludhe Macgoye and the Stephen Partington, whose creative work cannot be called typical for East African literature. Both Macgoye and Partington are ethnic British, who had moved, each at own time, to Kenya and devoted themselves to literature, and, what is most important, called Kenya their homeland and themselves, Kenyans. In their poems, one can feel sincere love for the land, which has become their home, sympathy for Africans who suffer social injustice, and huge efforts to understand African reality through the eyes of a European.
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Septiaji, Aji. "Social Discrimination in Antology of Poetry Essay Atas Nama Cinta Written by Denny Ja (Content Analysis Research)". Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora 19, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2018): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/humaniora.v19i1.5540.
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Essay poetry is regarded as a matter of thinking and experience of social conditions in society nowadays. Although it has different role in the variety of literary form, it can be well received by society. Essay poetry should consist of three conditions, namely (1) essay poetry explores the inner side of an individual who is in a social conflict; (2) essay poetry using language that is easily understood; and (3) essay poetry is fiction. It may tell about real characters based on the history. However, the reality enriched with various fictional and dramatic figures that the essay poetry emphasizes is a reflection and moral content conveyed through a story, not merely an accurate portrait of history. The research method used is qualitative through content analysis technique. The data were collected based on anthology of poetry essay Atas Nama Cinta written by Denny JA. Through this poetry essay, it will be examined on social issues such as discrimination experienced by humans in general, such as discrimination against different religions, gender, Chinese, and others. The stories that are presented seem to open the knowledge about the other side of the human love story that commonly romantic and cheerful. The social and cultural conditions of discrimination embrace society in a real way. In fact, this reflects social conditions of society in general in the era of globalization and information.Keywords: discrimination, social, essay poetry
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Nammal, Saad Saber. "Aesthetics of Spatial Image and Its Dimensions in The Poetry of Ibn Sarra Al-Shentriny (Died 517 AH)". Journal of AlMaarif University College 33, n.º 4 (7 de diciembre de 2022): 177–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.51345/.v33i4.637.g307.
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The importance of the research lies in the fact that it seeks to study an important rhetorical image in Arabic poetry in general, and Andalusian poetry in particular, and that study will reflect for us a picture of the social conditions in the country of Andalusia during the study period; This situation that appeared in the poetry of Al-Shentriny clearly reflects the image of the social conditions in that period, in addition to the fact that the study reflects the psychological state of the poet.
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Ng’ang’a, Pius y Precious Zikhali. "Poverty and Social Exclusion in Kenya". International Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development 4, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2024): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijpid.1658.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to estimate the population at risk of social exclusion in Kenya. Specifically, the study aims to assess the extent of poverty as a dimension of social exclusion; provide poverty estimates for various sub-populations and vulnerable groups; develop a methodology for analyzing social exclusion at the national level; and estimate the number of socially excluded individuals at both national and regional (rural/urban) levels.
Methodology: This study will adopt the methodology developed by Cuesta et al. (2022) and apply a conceptual framework based on Sen's capability approach. This framework will consider the relative, multidimensional, and dynamic aspects of exclusion, identifying specific vulnerable groups based on their identity, circumstances, and socio-economic conditions. The analysis will utilize micro-counting measures from individual-level microdata to estimate the proportion of the population at risk of social exclusion.
Findings: Nationally, 36.1% of the population were absolute poor. A higher proportion (40.1%) of population living in rural areas are poor compared to 29.1 % of population living in urban areas. Based on identities, almost half (48.3%) of the population from religious minority are poor. Persons with disability are also likely to be poor compared to any other group. 45.7% of persons living with disability are poor. Nationally, 16.6 million people are at risk of social exclusion. This represent 36.6% of the total population (close to headcount overall poverty rate of 36.1%). Children account for the largest share of at risk of exclusion. More than half (9.2 million) children are at risk of exclusion. Children, women and poor men account for 97% of at risk of exclusion groups.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: understanding the concept of social exclusion and poverty will assist policy makers and other stakeholders develop policies and strategies aimed at to creating a society where social inclusion is at the forefront, ensuring that no one is marginalized or left behind due to poverty or other forms of exclusion. This inclusive approach will contribute to equitable and sustainable economic growth, benefiting the entire population and fostering a more just and cohesive society.
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Ilma, Awla Akbar. "DARI PUISI MANTRA HINGGA PUISI ESAI SEBUAH LANSKAP PERPUISIAN INDONESIA". Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora 17, n.º 2 (1 de octubre de 2016): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/humaniora.v17i2.2511.
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This research specially addresses through a sociological perspective the existence of narrative poetry that lately rampant in Indonesia. Therefore, this research assumes that the existence of a literary work is closely link with the condition of the time. Thisresearch seeks to compare with the kinds of poetry before as traditional poerty, poetry of pujangga baru, mantera poetry, and Mbeling poetry both aesthetic characteristics and social conditions. Based on the research process, it is known that the narrativepoerty has unique characteristics that are different from other types of poetry. It is known that narrative poetry is a real respond to assessment of poems that are considered difficult to understand. Therefore, this poetry tries to synergize with readers, making certain platforms, giving easy access to the meaning of the poetry. Thus sociological characteristics known as the effect of the conditions which always demanding the ease and speed. Such condition if drawn further was the effect of industrialization and technological pace.
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von Reden, Sitta. "Deceptive readings: poetry and its value reconsidered". Classical Quarterly 45, n.º 1 (mayo de 1995): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800041665.
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In his analysis of the social and economic conditions of intellectual activity in ancient Greece, Gentili argues that the value of poetry underwent a notable change in the late archaic period. Poetry came to be produced within a contractual relationship between patrons and poets, it became a commercial good available to the one who could pay for it and its value was expressed no longer by honouring the poet but by paying for his product. At the time of Solon and Theognis the producers of poetry had been aristocratic members of the polis giving political advice to their peers and gaining renown by the quality of their advice. Yet Simonides and Pindar wrote under different social conditions. Gentili writes:Fully conscious by now of the dignity and importance of his role, the poet also becomes aware of its [i.e. poetry's] ‘commercial’ value. He puts his own sophia at the disposal of the highest bidder, thereby creating a basis for the tendency to regard wealth and poetic ‘wisdom’ as interchangeable moral equivalents.
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Odnoral, Valeria. "The New Lyric Studies of the 21th Century: The Aesthetic and the Social in Poetry Criticism". Ideas and Ideals 13, n.º 1-2 (19 de marzo de 2021): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2021-13.1.2-401-413.
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The article considers the problem of correlation of aesthetic form and social content in contemporary poetry through the prism of contemporary poetry criticism, in particular, the New Lyric Studies of 2008 (M. Perloff, Y. Prins, R. Terada, V. Jackson, etc.). A representation of the lyrics as a genre of poetry, in which historically structured subjectivism and identity of author are interrelated with poetic writing, is at the center of the New Lyric Studies. In this context the lyrics is relative and volatile but also is the closest genre to the poetic nature, that allows to merge an autonomous entity of poetry with ‘agendas’ in the poem, which were difficult to connect in either too formal or too contextual critical approaches to the poetry in the 20th century. This became possible in the conditions of New Lyric critics speaking up against a substitution of poetry and literary criticism for historical, anthropological and cultural criticism because of the high popularity of cultural studies in the 1990s and the ensuing incorporation of interdisciplinarity in literary studies. Despite the objective of New Lyric critics to revitalize a theoretical study of poetry in the spirit of academic criticism of the New Criticism, the modifications in the methods for producing, existence and broadcasting of poetry and therefore in poetry of the last 50 years, poetry itself prevented the New Lyric from becoming the regressive movement. Some representatives of the New Lyric Studies subsequently expressed the need to study poetry in terms of new historical poetics and to create different methods capable to analyze the relations between culture and poetic form – between the social and the aesthetic. Having considered advantages and limitations of the New Lyric studies in the context of contemporary poetry discourse, reflecting not only the nature of contemporary criticism, but also perhaps the history of poetry criticism of 20-21th centuries, which is the dynamical coexistence and the mutual succession of different movements, the author draws a conclusion that this movement defines the right vector for the reconciliation of the long-standing struggle of formalism and contextualism in the poetry criticism as well as social and aesthetic components which poetic work includes.
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Berge, Lars Ivar Oppedal, Kjetil Bjorvatn, Simon Galle, Edward Miguel, Daniel N. Posner, Bertil Tungodden y Kelly Zhang. "Ethnically Biased? Experimental Evidence from Kenya". Journal of the European Economic Association 18, n.º 1 (27 de marzo de 2019): 134–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvz003.
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Abstract Ethnicity has been shown to shape political, social, and economic behavior in Africa, but the underlying mechanisms remain contested. We utilize lab experiments to isolate one mechanism—an individual's bias in favor of coethnics and against non-coethnics—that has been central in both theory and in the conventional wisdom about the impact of ethnicity. We employ an unusually rich research design involving a large sample of 1300 participants from Nairobi, Kenya; the collection of multiple rounds of experimental data with varying proximity to national elections; within-lab priming conditions; both standard and novel experimental measures of coethnic bias; and an implicit association test (IAT). We find very little evidence of an ethnic bias in the behavioral games, which runs against the common presumption of extensive coethnic bias among ordinary Africans and suggests that mechanisms other than a coethnic bias in preferences must account for the associations we see in the region between ethnicity and political, social, and economic outcomes.
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Yusuf Selamet. "Kajian Sosiologi Sastra dalam Puisi Sajak Orang Kepanasan Karya W.S Rendra". Sintaksis : Publikasi Para ahli Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris 1, n.º 5 (13 de septiembre de 2023): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.61132/sintaksis.v1i5.74.
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Literary works always contain the author's perspective on reality as a social institution created by the author. These problems are often combined into a view or criticism of life. This certainly describes social life as a reality that occurs in an environment. One type of literary work that contains a view of reality is W.S Rendra's poem entitled "Poem of Hot People". The aim of this research is to determine the effort to explain the social impact of the poem entitled "Poetry of the Overheated People" by W.S Rendra. The poem depicts social and political inequality between the needy class of society and the ruling class of society. Through this research, I hope to make us more sensitive to circumstances and conditions. The reason I chose W.S Rendra's poetry was because the language was very clear and specific. With poetry that uses clear and specific language, the meaning of the content is accurate and complete. The poem is analyzed using the perspective of the social impact that occurs on a phenomenon. The method used in this research is a qualitative method using a literary sociology approach. The technique used is descriptive analysis technique. The researcher sees himself as the only tool. This process involves recording factors related to aspects of social impact as documentation of analysis and as a source of understanding. The results of the research show that the poem "Poetry of Hot People" describes social inequality. Based on these findings, researchers concluded that poetry can be used as a means to criticize existing injustices and express feelings of dissatisfaction with social situations.
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Kamakia, Antony, Shi Guoqing, Mohammad Zaman y Zhou Junbi. "Financing for Development and Socio-Ecological Transitions: A Review of Chinese Investments in Kenya". Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 7, n.º 2 (8 de marzo de 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v7i2.12561.
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Kenya has adopted a comprehensive development path to accelerate and create suitable conditions for sustainable development as outlined in the “Vision 2030.” A key strategy is the catalytic role of bilateral loans and finances which have increased in manifolds over the years. However, a growing and critical discourse has emerged about the social-ecological sustainability in the Chinese-financed development projects, within the context of China-Africa engagement policy. China is playing significant role in the economic growth of developing countries and in particular, critical investments in productive sectors. This paper examines the development-induced displacement and resettlement (DIDR) framework and explores the social-ecological impacts and outcomes of some selected Chinese-financed projects in Kenya. The paper also examines the various social-ecological guidelines and standards issued by Chinese authorities over-time, for their overseas investments and operations. It concludes that contemporary Chinese-financed development and investments in Kenya are resulting in increasing, improving and sustainable social-ecological outcomes.
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Pinchuk, T. S. "FUNCTIONAL POTENTIAL OF IVAN NYZOVYI POETRY IN THE VORTEX OF SOCIAL-HISTORICAL NOWADAYS CONDITIONS". Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, series Philology. Social Communications 3, n.º 2 (2019): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-6069/2019.3-2/20.
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Soltani, Fereshte. "Performance Evaluation of Interactive Effects of Music and Poetry with Social Conditions of Iran". Social Sciences 4, n.º 2 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.s.2015040201.11.
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Mouaden, Nourddine. "In historical interpretation, Is Poetry a Source of History?" International Journal of Educational Sciences and Arts 2, n.º 7 (30 de septiembre de 2023): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.59992/ijesa.2023.v2n7p3.
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If historical interpretation is an intellectual process whose goal is to seek to understand the truth of historical events and phenomena through analyzing the temporal, cultural, and social context in which they occurred, then to better understand the past it is necessary to uncover the driving forces that were behind the events based on the study of historical sources, and to reveal the factors that These events influenced and affected the social, economic, cultural and political conditions that shaped the lives of people and groups in the past. If we take into account that the process of history - as some believe - requires only experienced specialists, can there be room for others to express their opinions in the service of historical issues? From here we may ask the following questions: Definition of historian? Introduce the first basic sources of history, represented by the written source and document, and the second linked to the results of archaeological research, how can poetry and its interpretation serve a historical issue? Taking into account these starting points, we will try, through the example of Mahmoud Shukri Al-Alusi and his book Attaining Knowledge in Knowing the Conditions of the Arabs, to answer our questions.
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Dum, Christopher P., Kelly M. Socia, Bengt George y Halle M. Neiderman. "The Effect of Reading Prisoner Poetry on Stigma and Public Attitudes: Results from a Multigroup Survey Experiment". Prison Journal 102, n.º 1 (27 de diciembre de 2021): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00328855211069127.
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We examine how public attitudes toward currently/formerly incarcerated people and their reentry into society are affected by consuming information about imprisoned people. Over 1,500 respondents from a national online survey were randomly assigned one of five sources of written information about currently and formerly incarcerated people (CFIP) (three informative pieces and two sets of incarceree poetry). They then reported their views toward them and support for reentry policies. While no differences in support for reentry initiatives across conditions were uncovered, those reading poetry with a humanizing theme applied the least amount of stigma toward currently/formerly incarcerated people.
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Kinoti, Dr Mary Kathambi y Luke Mwiti Kinoti. "SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURIAL SUPPORT AND ITS IMPACT ON SOCIAL ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF HOUSEHOLDS". International Journal of Sociology 2, n.º 1 (17 de febrero de 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijs.1041.
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Purpose: The study aimed to establish the impact of social entrepreneurial support on social-economic empowerment of households and a case study of Riziki Kenya was taken.
Methodology: The study used a descriptive survey design and the target population for this study was Riziki managers and staff as the key informants, the 230 supported entrepreneurs (households) and 22 supported micro-enterprises groups in Kibra Sub-County. The study employed multi-stage sampling which included purposive and simple random sampling. The study collected primary data using questionnaires. Key Informants included six Riziki Kenya managers and staff members. The use of interviews guides enabled the researcher to solicit the required information from supported entrepreneurs, key informants and group micro-enterprises. Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze quantitative data from questionnaires and the results presented in tables, graphs, charts and narratives to answer the research questions. Qualitative data was organized into themes and patterns categorized through content analysis to capture emerging thoughts.
Results: Riziki Kenya has empowered households to improve their standards of living. Even with their small businesses, they could feed their families and pay bills. Empirically, the study has shown that social entrepreneurial support positively impacts the business of households which in turn improves the living conditions of families that own such enterprises. Access to credit facilities by small businesses helps such enterprises to grow and by extension, this improves the households’ finances and ability to get nutritious food, a good shelter, better education and better health care.
Contribution to theory, policy and practice: The paper suggests that the appropriate model and theoretical approach for social entrepreneurial impacts would be to direct resources to household owned business which would grow and in turn affect the prosperity of the households. In practice, social entrepreneurs and their staff should increase the support to households partnering with other NGOs to train on the basic entrepreneurial and business management skills to improve their enterprises, increasing access to funds and any other intervention strategies. Policymakers should enact laws that encourage the growth of social entrepreneurship since doing so increases the likelihood of successful small enterprises and this finally impacts positively on the social-economic empowerment of households.
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Reimer, Jennifer A. "Precarity and the Practice of Chicana/o Poetry". Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies 45, n.º 1 (2020): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/azt.2020.45.1.109.
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This essay intervenes in an ongoing debate within ethnic literary studies about the tension between identity-based, or more overtly political, forms of poetry and experimental poetry that treats language as art material. I show how Javier Huerta’s “American Copia” (2012) enlists poetic form to serve the oppositional acts of documenting the undocumented. I argue that Huerta’s innovations draw on existing traditions of Chicana/o poetry infl uenced by twenty-first-century conditions of precarity, specifically undocumented status. Huerta shows how an active practice of poetic innovation responds to an active process of un/documentation through forms of accumulation and affirmation (including code-switching, interlingual word play, collage, and juxtaposition), emplotted through a nonlinear temporal structure organized around the concept of documentation. “American Copia” articulates Chicana/o poetry to undocumented status to show how the literary practice of documenting can take on the weight of public discourse while simultaneously rendering into poetry the practices of social marginalization. Ultimately, Huerta’s practice of Chicana/o poetry offers language as an active site of resistance to forms of domination.
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George Omusotsi, Okusimba. "Assessing the Social, Cultural, Economic and Environmental Conditions of Nambale Town in Busia County, Kenya". Urban and Regional Planning 4, n.º 1 (2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.urp.20190401.13.
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Zhalelov, Daulet, Amanzhol Altay, Zhanar Abdigapbarova, Zhanbota Karipbayev y Zhanbota Sekey. "Poetry of Kazakh zhyraus of the khanate period". Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics 2024, n.º 55 (16 de febrero de 2024): 1298–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.54919/physics/55.2024.129fr8.
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Relevance. Zhyrau poetry is an important part of Kazakh literature, reflecting the historical and socio-political events of the Kazakh Khanate period from the 15th to 18th centuries. This poetry provides valuable insights into the struggles and aspirations of the Kazakh people during a complex and turbulent period in their history.Purpose. This paper aims to analyze the historical aspects and role of zhyrau poetry in Kazakh literature, examining its thematic content, artistic features, and the influence of zhyraus on the social and political life of the Kazakh Khanate.Methodology. The study reviews existing research on zhyrau poetry, drawing on literary criticism, historical analysis, and close readings of selected poems. It examines the development of zhyrau poetry, the classification of its genres, and the syncretic nature of this art form, which combines elements of improvisation, music, performance, and philosophical reflection.Results. The paper demonstrates that zhyrau poetry was closely tied to the political and social realities of the Kazakh Khanate period. Zhyraus acted as advisors to khans, openly expressing their views and providing guidance on issues of national importance. Their poems reflect themes of land defense, heroism, unity, and the struggles against foreign invasions, particularly the Dzungar and Chinese forces. The study also highlights the role of zhyrau poetry in preserving Kazakh cultural identity and history during a tumultuous era.Conclusions. Zhyrau poetry is a fundamental part of Kazakh literary heritage, reflecting the complex historical and socio-political conditions of the Kazakh Khanate period. By analyzing the thematic, artistic, and chronotopic features of zhyrau poetry, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the struggles, aspirations, and worldview of the Kazakh people during this pivotal era. Further research and cultural initiatives, such as feature films, are recommended to promote the study and appreciation of this important literary tradition.
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Afnan Arummi, Ikhti Nur Halimah,. "KONDISI SOSIAL PENYAIR DALAM TEKS SYAIR 1999 KARYA ACHMAD MATHAR (KAJIAN STRATA NORMA ROMAN INGARDEN)". Jurnal CMES 12, n.º 2 (12 de diciembre de 2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/cmes.12.2.37884.
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<p>This research discusses the text structure and social condition of the poet in poetry “1999” by Achmad Mathar. The purpose of this research is to outline and to describe the text structure, and the social condition of the poet in that poetry. This research uses qualitative-descriptive method by elaborating of data text that contains words, phrases, or verses. The data were analyzed using the theory of strata Roman Ingarden norm and theory of solipsism. The result shows that the text structure in the poetry ”1999” by Achmad Mathar has five layers, namely the sound layer, the meaning layer, layer of things, the world layer, and metaphysical layer. The five layers of strata give rise to the impression of reading and provide in-depth meaning which can arouse the spirit of fighting to achieve independence. As for the social conditions of the poet expressed through two interrelated phenomenasof the poet. The phenomenons namely: Saddam Hussein's life story and cartoon Hanzhala by Nājī al-'Alī. Both have lofty ideals for freeing the Middle East from the influence of the West and its allies importances.</p>
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Saprykina, Olga Aleksandrovna y Olga Yurievna Shkolnikova. "Genres of Old Provençal poetry in the Works of Italian Troubadours: Reception and Interpretation". Litera, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2023): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2023.11.69129.
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This article is devoted to the study of the development of Old Provençal poetry in Italy in the 12th-13th centuries. Using specific examples from the work of early Italian troubadours (Peire de la Caravana, Peire de la Mula, Sordello, Lanfranco Cigala, etc.), the authors examine in detail such aspects of the topic as the reception and interpretation of the tradition of Old Provençal poetry. Of all the genres of poetry in the works of Italian troubadours, the most developed are the “political” and “social” ones — sirventes and tenso, which should be seen as an intensification of the participation of poets in the social and political life of Italy. All this can be studied by reflection in poetic creativity of the 12th-century and 13th-century Italian troubadours. In this regard, the authors of the article pay special attention to poetic works belonging to these two genres. The relevance of this study lies in a comprehensive linguistic, literary and historical approach to the consideration of the issue. The use of such an integrated approach allows to identify the main trends in the development of Provençal poetry, reasons associated with the historical context, as well as linguistic diversification associated with the choice of a particular genre. The authors come to the conclusion that the repertoire of poetic genres and the choice of language in which poetry is created changes depending on the dynamics of social and cultural conditions. The large number of sirvent and tenson is an important observation, indicating the presence of a social cultural context and space in which such political and satirical works and “impromptu” debates on a variety of topics were in demand. These genres will receive their further development in the history of Italian literature.
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Laxmiprasad, P. V. "The Poetry of T.VASUDEVA REDDY: A Critique on Bucolic Representation". American Research Journal of English and Literature 7, n.º 1 (28 de mayo de 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21694/2378-9026.21008.
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ndian English Poetry is replete with both ancient and modern elements. Pre-independent and post-independent India marked two different phases in poetry. Poets predominantly dealt with conventional themes in the past. But, one distinguishing feature of Post –independent poetry has been to portray a diversified representation of multiple themes. A careful analysis of thoughts, feelings, and psyche of the poets not only genuinely but eloquently reveals urban ‘cynicism and anguish’ and reveals ‘hope and anticipation’ quite aptly. Poets differed according to the age in which they had lived but ultimately, their poetry became a subject matter of anguish and agony. There have been obvious expressions of urban life in the beginnings but as the poets emerged in the early twentieth century, rural side of the life figured prominently in their writings. PCK Prem observes, “Poetry depicting rural background and the inner world of man is also conscious of the collapse of human bonds and aspirations even as sufferings, struggles, and failures dishearten but carry elements of hope, and thus, infuse a spirit to live life persuasively”. (2006: 21) Poetry is not only a study of thoughts or emotions but it also involves reading of a huge poetic landscape, literary yield, political thought process and its evolution, and the social and economic environment. From 1920, after taking into consideration various social and historical facts, one assumes that contemporary Indian English Poetry begins its ambitious journey --- in rising cities and other rural areas, developing towns of various regions to be more specific Indian English Poetry begins its journey. One such element is the delineation of bucolic elements in poetry. India is predominantly a rural country side with 60% of population living in villages. The countryside is a geographic area located outside the cities and towns. Indian villages have low population density and small settlements. The poetry of T.V. Reddy is rooted in bucolic elements. In fact, all his poetry collections carry the hallmarks of rural life, pastoral panorama and idyllic nature. They beautify his poetry against rural background. Rural life in India forms the very basis of economy and essential living conditions. In fact, it is the backbone of development in diversity. Life in cities is always different from life in rural areas.
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Steinhart, E. I. "Hunters, Poachers and Gamekeepers: Towards A Social History of Hunting in Colonial Kenya". Journal of African History 30, n.º 2 (julio de 1989): 247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700024129.
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This paper sets out to examine the interactions between African and white hunters in colonial Kenya in an effort to understand the nature of the confrontation between the competing cultural traditions of hunting under colonial conditions. It examines the major tradition of African hunting in eastern Kenya among African residents of Kwale, Kitui and Meru districts from oral and archival materials, arguing that the place of subsistence hunting in the economy of African farmers has been systematically denigrated in the colonial literature. Next, the various representatives of the European hunting tradition in Kenya are surveyed: sportsmen, travellers, settlers, and professionals. A preliminary assessment is made of their impact on game and the growing need for conservation. The history of the game and national park departments, which administered the hunting laws and were charged with the preservation of wildlife, is next described. The records of the colonial Game Department provide a key source for the reconstruction of the attempts to control African poaching and regulate European hunting in the interests of the preservation of game and the control of the colonial economy. At the end of the colonial era, with the emergence of a new sensibility to conservation, Kenya's gamekeepers engaged in a major, successful anti-poaching campaign in eastern Kenya's Tsavo Park. This was the climactic confrontation between the two cultures in their contest for control over Kenya's wildlife resources.
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Czech, Katarzyna. "Narracje wspólnotowe współczesnej literatury narodowej i młodej poezji zaangażowanej wobec romantyzmu". Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 57, n.º 4 (3 de abril de 2023): 171–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.748.
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Romanticism still plays a vital role in Polish social parlance. It has different manifestations—as one of the layers of culture, a paradigm, a cultural and literary tradition, or a cultural code that conditions mutual understanding within the Polish community. As such, it is a necessary point of reference for contemporary community narratives, especially in poetry dedicated to social issues. Such a diagnosis concerns the contemporary national literature, which became more resonant after 2010, and uses Romantic tropes and traces affirmatively (Bagłajewski 2015, Nowaczewski 2015, Czardybon 2018, Czech 2019). The Romantic set of stereotypical figures of ‘Polishness,’ functioning in a phantasmatic or spectral way, is also deconstructed by poets belonging to the so-called new engaged poetry (Kaczmarski and Koronkiewicz 2016). The presence of Romantic influences in these poetic dictions is not uniform; it is usually mediated as poets do not refer to the epoch’s intertexts explicitly and often simplify and shallow their content. Such conceptualization of relations between Romanticism and the latest poetry goes beyond the popular dichotomous division into the mocking and epigone literature (Piwińska 1973).
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Corburn, Jason y Chantal Hildebrand. "Slum Sanitation and the Social Determinants of Women’s Health in Nairobi, Kenya". Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/209505.
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Inadequate urban sanitation disproportionately impacts the social determinants of women’s health in informal settlements or slums. The impacts on women’s health include infectious and chronic illnesses, violence, food contamination and malnutrition, economic and educational attainment, and indignity. We used household survey data to report on self-rated health and sociodemographic, housing, and infrastructure conditions in the Mathare informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya. We combined quantitative survey and mapping data with qualitative focus group information to better understand the relationships between environmental sanitation and the social determinants of women and girls’ health in the Mathare slum. We find that an average of eighty-five households in Mathare share one toilet, only 15% of households have access to a private toilet, and the average distance to a public toilet is over 52 meters. Eighty-three percent of households without a private toilet report poor health. Mathare women report violence (68%), respiratory illness/cough (46%), diabetes (33%), and diarrhea (30%) as the most frequent physical burdens. Inadequate, unsafe, and unhygienic sanitation results in multiple and overlapping health, economic, and social impacts that disproportionately impact women and girls living in urban informal settlements.
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Kambutu, John, Samara Madrid Akpovo, Lydiah Nganga, Sapna Thapa y Agnes Muthoni Mwangi. "Privatization of early childhood education (ECE): Implications for social justice in Nepal and Kenya". Policy Futures in Education 18, n.º 6 (14 de mayo de 2020): 700–724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478210320922111.
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This ethnographic study examined the (un)intended 1 consequences of increased privatization of Early Childhood Education (ECE) in Nepal and Kenya. Qualitative data showed overreliance on high-stakes standardized tests increased competition for ‘good grades or examination scores’, thus (un)intentionally creating ideal conditions for proliferation of for-profit private schools that predominantly taught culturally decontextualized education at all levels of schooling. Private schools in both countries served high-income families and children, while low-income families and children did not have access to ECE or attended government and not-for-profit programmes. Rather than bridging the gap between low and high-income families, these educational spaces influenced existing social divisions and inequalities. Therefore, this study concluded that private schools in Nepal and Kenya function like businesses, which (un)intentionally promoted educational injustice 2 against children from low-income families. Consequently, authors recommend enactment of new educational policies and practices that promote culturally contextualized curricula in ECE programmes.
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K'Aol, George O. y Francis Wambalaba. "Homegrown Kenya: the horticultural industry under fire on CSR". Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 1, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621111130049.
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Subject area Corporate social responsibility (CSR). Study level/applicability The Homegrown case is designed for teaching corporate social responsibility and business ethics at undergraduate and graduate levels. The case may be used on a variety of courses including: corporate social responsibility, business ethics and corporate social responsibility, and business ethics. Case overview In May 2003, the headline of the East African newspaper screamed “The Kenyan Horticultural Industry under fire.” The industry was accused of exploitative labor policies with respect to working conditions, workers' welfare, sexual harassment, and exposure to harmful pesticides by the key stakeholders led by the Kenya Human Rights Commission. The stakeholders had announced plans to conduct national and international campaigns against the flower growing and exporting companies in Kenya. Mr Richard Fox, the Managing Director of Homegrown was worried that the publicity had adversely tarnished the image and reputation of the horticultural industry in Kenya as a whole, including Homegrown. He wondered how best to respond to these allegations. Should Homegrown wait to see what the competitors and other stakeholders would do, as these were industry-wide problems or should Homegrown take the lead? And if so, what should be the scope of the programs, given the diverse nature of the issues? He had to make decision quickly. Expected learning outcomes The case provides opportunity for students to analyze, discuss, and debate topical issues in CSR. At the end of the case, students should be able to: identify emerging CSR and ethical issues facing the horticultural industry in Kenya; analyze the cost of implementing CSR programs in business organizations; evaluate the impact of CSR programs on business performance; justify and defend choices on CSR, and ethical decisions. Supplementary materials Not included.
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STEVEN, MARK. "Poetry for the Storms to Come". Journal of American Studies 55, n.º 3 (julio de 2021): 749–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002187582100030x.
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November 2017. New Brunswick, Canada. Having spent five hours banding lobster claws, Karissa Lindstrand detects an anomaly on one of the crustaceans. Inscribed on its left pincer is a familiar yet resolutely inorganic swirl of red, blue, and white. A corporate sigil branded onto the exoskeletal form of aquatic life: the Pepsi globe. While marine biologists disagree about the conditions under which the lobster acquired its tattoo – one suggestion is that the creature grew into a discarded can, another is that a cardboard box adhered to its propodite limb – the specific cause is less significant than what the marking represents on a world-historical scale. From this position, the lobster's deformation can be seen as an embodiment of the metabolic rift between global capitalism and nonhuman nature, presenting itself here as a grotesque reminder that human society exists within an earthly metabolism and that our hegemonic social arrangement – engineering profit through the mass production of commodities – is disrupting an equilibrium required for the sustenance of life on this planet. We encounter that rift in more ways than one: in the lobster's biological fusion with the refuse of one commodity, a melding together of two radically dissimilar sets of armor, but also in the fact that the moment the lobster is dredged from the ocean it is transformed, by the human labor of fishing, from a natural resource into a sellable form. “It is probably in Boston,” Lindstrand speculated on the lobster's passage through the market to its ultimate destiny as luxury comestible. The idea that capitalism is averse to the ecological matrix within which all life adheres, opening up a rift between a humanly engineered economy and its nonhuman biosphere, is not new. It originated in the nineteenth century, when Karl Marx theorized that capitalist production inaugurates “an irreparable rift in the interdependent process of social metabolism, a metabolism prescribed by the natural laws of life itself.” And yet that rift has widened and deepened through the ecohistorical period beginning around 1945, during what is often described as the Great Acceleration, an economically conditioned phase of planetary time when anthropogenic activity presaged environmental transformation on an unprecedented scale. Toxic sludge, oil spills, nuclear winter, extinction events wrought in flood and fire: such are the forms of our metabolic rift, in the context of whose proliferation “climate change” reads as the most inadequate of all euphemisms. That is what we are given to behold, as a kind of biomorphic prosopopoeia, in the lobster's claw.
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Peluritytė-Tikuišienė, Audinga. "Lithuanian Literature in Search of Historical Truth: Three Decades of Independence". Literatūra 63, n.º 1 (31 de diciembre de 2021): 8–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/litera.2021.1.1.
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The article focuses on the beginning of the Singing Revolution in Lithuanian culture and tries to identify the most significant dominant features in order to understand the entirety of the new changes in literature. In the face of political upheaval, such a dominant feature was the question of truth; however, the well-established poetry tradition – romantic, neo-romantic, modern neo-romantic, which coexisted with social realism in Soviet times, and experimental – did not raise such questions of truth but only reflected the nation’s collective expectations. The evolution of Lithuanian literature, which was highly fragmented during all the decades of the Soviet occupation, united the country through the expatriate poet Bernardas Brazdžionis while he was visiting Lithuania in the summer of 1989. Poetic texts predominated during the first demonstrations of Sąjūdis (the Reform Movement), but while trying to understand their position in the general Lithuanian culture and literature discourse, one needs to acknowledge the leading nature of poetry throughout the Soviet times: having its niche in the cultural system, poetry posed a large number of vexed questions, sought philosophical profundity, and was able to constantly address the deepest metaphysical questions even in strict censorship conditions. Lithuanian prose, which evaded the requirement by the doctrine of social realism to portray the world and characters engaged in class struggles, also found support in the poetry system and created a non-linear but coherent narrative where metaphors prevail. Lithuanian prose poetry became a sign of esthetic quality in independent Lithuania too, where the question of truth, which was important for achieving independence, found a way similar to that of poetry – through memoirs and essays to esthetics and little prose. At the beginning of independence, poetry, which had fed Lithuanian prose with its ideas, themes, conception of the world and esthetic solutions, also merged with memoirs and essays, thus being part of the discourse of telling the truth.
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Izz Aldin ATARI, Dr Sana. "CREATIVITY IN USING THE MASK TECHNIQUE IN CONTEMPORARY ARABIC POETRY". RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 06, n.º 02 (1 de marzo de 2024): 537–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.28.29.
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This research deals with the mask technique in contemporary Arabic poetry in terms of its concept, spread, characteristics, and the creativity of Arab poets in using it, to express their feelings and thoughts in a time when harsh political and social conditions prevailed, and in light of the lack of freedom of expression in the Arab world. The mask technique is a literary concept that expresses the poet's use of terms and visual images to express his feelings and thoughts in a way that makes them have multiple and different connotations. This poetic style reflects the poet's ability to express in an abstract and symbolic manner, creating deep moral layers in the poetic text. The use of the mask technique in modern Arabic poetry includes many elements, such as metaphor, simile, symbolism, and allegory. The poet relies on these elements to express his feelings and thoughts in a way that makes the reader interact with the text and search for deeper meanings in it. The mask technique is considered one of the literary techniques that distinguishes modern Arabic poetry and adds artistic and cultural value to it. This technique is used to explore different themes such as love, home, identity, freedom, daily life, and social issues. The mask technique in modern Arabic poetry represents an artistic means that allows the poet to express his thoughts and feelings in an innovative and attractive way, and enhances the strength of the poetic text and its appeal to readers
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Hul, Oleksandra. "DISSIDENCE AND IMMIGRATION THROUGH THE WORLDVIEW OF “MISTY POET” BEI DAO". Polish Studies of Kyiv, n.º 35 (2019): 444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2019.35.444-451.
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The key focus of the Article is based on the new trend in Chinese poetry named “Misty poetry”, which appeared in China in the 20 century as a rebellion and notice of appeal in the literary circles of young generation. Under the political and social pressure of the totalitarian regime in China, and in the conditions of total control over the literary process, there appeared a new style of expressing own thoughts and believes among youth, called “Misty poetry” or revolutionary poetry. This Article is revealing the aim, preconditions and key tasks of Misty poets. Being a leader of the Misty poets’ group, popular Chinese poet Bei Dao is taken as a vivid example of revolutionary youth of the 20 century. The Article shows his political, social and literary activity as an example of the whole Misty group idea. The main aspects provided in the Article are based on the great love and respect of the Misty poets towards China, Chinese language, Chinese nature and culture. The Article shows how difficult it was for the poets to be far away from their Motherland and to have no chance to come back, how dif- ficult it was to write Chinese poetry being forbidden in native country. The Article also reveals the “Secret code of culture and nation” which is based on the symbols and words of native language. The “Secret code of culture and nation” is understood only by the native speakers, loving their Motherland. The Article uses original poetry of Bei Dao and is also based on the original historical and political facts, taking into account interviews with the poet, which show his real way of thinking in the terms of Misty poetry. The inner world of Bei Dao is described in the examples of his poetry: “Local Dialect” (“乡音”), “Hello, Bai Hua Shan” (“你好，百花山”), “Let’s go” (“走吧”). Nearly all of his poetry tells about true love for China and a great dream of using native language without fear and persecution. We provide a description of the hidden way of Bei Dao’s thinking, while analyzing his great poem “Local Dialect” (“乡音”). Each word should be examined taking into account the unique symbols of China. Bei Dao believes that only people, loving Chinese culture and loving Chinese language can under- stand the deep meaning of Misty poetry.
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Khmis, Fatuma Ahmed, Mary Ibua, Matata Kilungu y Damaris Monari. "Influence of Perceived Benefits on the Adoption of Alternate Dispute Resolution Mechanisms by Trade Unions in Kenya". SOUTH SAHARA MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL 2, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2024): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.61250/ssmj/v1.i2.2.
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Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) are the methods of dispute resolution other than courtroom litigation. Reconciliation, mediation, arbitration, and traditional dispute settlement are all recognized ADR mechanisms under Kenya's constitution which is supreme. ADR mechanisms thus come into play in order to resolve disputes outside of court, such as arbitration or mediation. Trade Unions are associations of employees with the sole responsibility of negotiating for better conditions of work as well as social positions of employees through collective bargaining. Their approach can also be both constructive and destructive to organizational performance. (Kariuki, 2018). In Kenya, Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms were formally recognized after the promulgation of the constitution in 2010 under Article 159(2)(C). The article prescribed that courts should be guided by the need to promote ADR. This was necessitated by delays in the resolution of employee complaints leading to poor organizational performance and failure by institutions to fully implement Collective Bargaining Agreements. There has also been a steady rise in labor disputes in Kenya, for instance, the rampant disputes and strikes witnessed from Universities Academic Staff, Kenya Medical practitioners and other unions. The study objective was to determine the influence of perceived benefits in the adoption of ADR mechanism by Trade Unions in Kenya. The study was done at Kenya National Union of Teacher Union in Kenya. Theoretically, the study was anchored on Reason Action Theory (TRA) and Social Influence Theory (SIT). The study found out that perceived benefits significantly influence adoption of ADR mechanisms in Trade Unions in Kenya. The study concluded that a policy document needs to be put in place to enlightened and guide the Trade Unions Officials on the adoption of ADR mechanisms in resolving industrial disputes. Since it was observed some respondents had less or no knowledge on the adoption of ADR by Trade Unions in Kenya. The study recommends Trade Unions should adopt the use of ADR mechanisms in resolving industrial disputes, ensure organizations are given more knowledge on the benefits of adopting ADR mechanisms, create policies on direction of ADR mechanisms, as well as investing in the right knowledge on adoption of ADR mechanisms to boost on adopting ADR mechanisms by Trade unions in Kenya. The study also gives suggestions for further research.
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Harrington, Elizabeth K., Edinah Casmir, Peninah Kithao, John Kinuthia, Grace John-Stewart, Alison L. Drake, Jennifer A. Unger y Kenneth Ngure. "“Spoiled” girls: Understanding social influences on adolescent contraceptive decision-making in Kenya". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 8 (12 de agosto de 2021): e0255954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255954.
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Objectives Despite significant public health emphasis on unintended pregnancy prevention among adolescent girls and young women in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a gap in understanding how adolescents’ own reproductive priorities and the social influences on their decision-making align and compete. We examined the social context of contraceptive decision-making among Kenyan female adolescents. Methods Using community-based sampling, we conducted 40 in-depth interviews and 6 focus group discussions among sexually-active or partnered adolescent girls and young women aged 15–19 in the Nyanza region of Kenya. We analyzed the data in Dedoose using an inductive, grounded theory approach, and developed a conceptual model from the data illustrating social influences on adolescent contraceptive decision-making. Results Participants viewed adolescent pregnancy as unacceptable, and described severe social, financial, and health consequences of unintended pregnancy, including abortion under unsafe conditions. Yet, their contraceptive behaviors often did not reflect their desire to delay pregnancy. Contraceptive decision-making was influenced by multiple social factors, centering on the intersecting stigmas of adolescent female sexuality, pregnancy, and contraceptive use, as well as unequal power in sexual relationships. To prioritize pregnancy prevention, adolescents must navigate conflicting social norms and power dynamics, and put their perceived future fertility at risk. Conclusions Contraceptive decision-making among Kenyan female adolescents is strongly influenced by opposing social norms within families, communities, and sexual relationships, which compel them to risk stigma whether they use a contraceptive method or become pregnant as adolescents. These findings put into perspective adolescents’ seemingly incongruent pregnancy preferences and contraceptive behaviors. Interventions to address adolescent unintended pregnancy should focus on supporting adolescent decision-making agency, addressing fertility-related contraceptive concerns, and promoting innovative contraceptive access points rather than increasing contraceptive prevalence.
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Maangi, Josephine y Francis Wambalaba. "FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO HIGH EMPLOYEE TURNOVER OF LAWYERS IN LAW FIRMS IN KENYA". Journal of Modern Law and Policy 1, n.º 1 (26 de abril de 2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jmlp.825.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors contributing to high employee turnover of lawyers in law firms in Kenya. Methodology: The research design was descriptive survey design. The population of the study was all practicing lawyers based in Nairobi County. The target population is over ten thousand (10,000) lawyers in Nairobi County. The sampling frame was lawyers who are members of LSK. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and results were presented in frequency tables. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and results presented in frequency tables. The data was then analyzed in terms of descriptive statistics like frequencies, means and percentages. Results: The study results show that employee turnover was highly emphasized in law firms. The results of the study showed that effects of employee turnover were highly emphasized in law firms. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that Management should improve the terms and conditions of services to improve on the employee retention rate so as to avoid liabilities caused by staff turnover and they should provide good working conditions and being transparent and fair to their employee
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Pratiwi, Debby Alya. "Kritik Sosial Dalam Kumpulan Puisi W.S Rendra: Kehidupan Masyarakat di Indonesia". CAKRAWALA LINGUISTA 1, n.º 2 (23 de enero de 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26737/cling.v1i2.874.
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<p><em><span style="font-size: medium;">The poetry of research by W.S Rendra is aimed to describe social condition of society in Indonesia. Social conditions are in the form of social status, poverty, and arbitrariness of the government. The theory used to examine these poems is the theory of genetic structuralism and uses the sociological approach of the work. The method used in this research is qualitative research. The data source used is 3 poems by W.S Rendra. While the data is a quote from a collection of poems W.S Rendra which contains elements of social criticism. Data collection techniques used in this study is literature study techniques. In this research data collection is by reading the collection of poems by W.S Rendra and look for aspects that contain elements of social criticism in a collection of poems by W.S Rendra. The data research procedure used is reading poetry, collecting data in the form of quotation. Data analysis technique used is content analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that there are several social problems in Indonesia that have been criticized by W.S Rendra into a poem of his creation.</span></em></p>
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C.N., Ibe, Ochiagha I.S. y Chukwu K.U. "Synaesthetic Metaphor as a Language Style in Remi Raji’s Poetry". International Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics 5, n.º 1 (13 de junio de 2022): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ijlll-qg5xbl5d.
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Every poet possesses a style of writing that makes his poetry different from that of others. His style of writing predominantly aids in expressing meaning to his readers. A poet’s style may be assessed in terms of language use, pattern of thematic exploration, poetic structure or figurative expression, etc. Be it as it may, there is no wide gap between his language style and meaning exploration (that is, the literary message he intends to express). This paper therefore is a study of Remi Raji’s poetry with the intention of examining the use of synaesthesia as a language style in his poetry. Adopting Burrow’s (2012) pattern, the research sets out to determine the situation that may have aroused the poet’s use of synaesthesia. According to Burrow’s argument, synaesthetic capacity was stimulated by cultural, social and technological conditions. However, we have limited our investigations to the socio-political conditions which the poems explored and the significance of synaesthesia in portraying them. The research interest therefore was not just to identify synaesthesia as a device but mainly to find out the contextual effects and how they may have helped to stimulate meaning in Remi Raji’s poetry. The poems studied were randomly selected and the method of analysis was qualitative. The conclusion of the paper is that the manifestation of synaesthesia in Remi Raji’s poems is by no means a fortition; rather, it has stylistic significance which aids the conveyance of the literary messages of the poet.
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З. Арва, Сара. "ФИГУРА ПЕСНИКА У ЦИКЛУСУ „КРИТИКА ПОЕЗИЈЕ” БРАНКА МИЉКОВИЋА". PHILOLOGIA MEDIANA 15, n.º 1 (16 de mayo de 2023): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46630/phm.15.2023.04.
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The aim of this research was to analyse the figure of the poet within the cycle „The Criticism of Poetry” from Miljković’s book of poetry Origin of Hope (1960). By interpreting several poems from the presented cycle, this paper questions the position of the lyrical subject, while seeking out the possibilities of the lyrical self being identified with poets and thus interpreted as a poetic subject – a poet within the poem or a poet who possibly leads metapoetic dialogues with other poets. The figure of the poet is also considered through Nietzsche’s and Hegel’s philosophical approach to the ambivalent knowledge that is inherent to contemplatives and creators, but which conditions their destruction as well. Through the end of the cycle, this research also problematizes the social position of the poet and the possibility of interpreting the cycle through the title inversion – as poetry of criticism – criticism of future poetics, the disappearance of poetic language, poems and poets in general.
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Baloch, Rasheeda. "براہوئی خلقی شاعری ٹی سیل وتیرمہ نا وئیل آتا درشانی". Al-Burz 14, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2022): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54781/abz.v14i1.286.
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It is important to study its literature and rural life in order to get a reasonable knowledge of a nation’s history, culture, and psyche. In any literature, poetry enjoys a core position, and poetry is always created by the intellectuals who keep a close eye on the problems faced by the masses in the deteriorating climate conditions and the depiction thereof, especially when the suffering masses do not have access to proper management or facilities in a timely manner. The problems leave psychological as well as social effects on the people. This study mainly focuses on the problems that Brahui language users face. These people mostly live in the mountainous areas of Balochistan where they face both intensively hot and cold weather. With a qualitative exploratory approach, this study discusses how Brahui poetry has dealt with those issues of winter and summer faced by the people with a reflection of the lifestyle of the people. The findings depict the difficulties of the rural people narrated in Brahui poetry during the course of seasonal migrations from “Khurasan” to “Sindh” for their and their live stock’s survival and, resultantly, how they passed their lives in poverty during such seasonal migrations.
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Menecha, Jared y Susan Muriungi. "COMORBIDITY OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG STUDENTS AT THE KENYA MEDICAL TRAINING COLLEGES IN KENYA". Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, n.º 8 (24 de agosto de 2020): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.78.7044.
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Objectives: To determine comorbidity of depression and anxiety among students at the Kenya Medical Training College, Kenya
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study design. Study participants were basic diploma students in a middle level college in Kenya. Data was collected using a researcher designed self-administered questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for severity of depression and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for the severity of anxiety in all the students in the seven largest KMTC campuses. All the participants gave informed consent.
Results: 18.4% and 20.2% of group A and B respectively had moderate depression while 48.5% and 45.8% respectively had severe depression. The equivalents for anxiety in groups A and B were 24.4% and 23.6% for moderate anxiety and 32.1% and 31.5% for severe anxiety. There was a higher rate of depression and anxiety in thesecond year; with a statistically significant association between depression and anxiety and the year of study in the two groups (p<0.0001 each respectively). All the other social demographic characteristics had no statistically significant association with depression or anxiety in the two groups. There was a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety co-morbidity in both groups which was statistically significant (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: Depression and anxiety were highly prevalent and significantly co-existent among the KMTC students. These mental conditions seemed to vary with the level of study training among college students. Therefore, the psychological well-being of college students need to be carefully addressed. There is need to closely monitor anxiety and depression to eliminate the risk factors and consequently prevent the development of adverse outcomes.
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Ndiritu, C. G. "Setting research agendas for Kenya". BSAP Occasional Publication 21 (1998): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032006.
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AbstractAs resources available for agricultural research and development become increasingly scarce, the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI) has taken steps to define a clear research agenda. This effort has taken the form of formal priority setting in various research programmes. Priority setting is a key step in the formulation of a research agenda because priority setting, almost by definition, increases the efficiency and relevance of our research programmes by adding valuable structure to our wide information base on agro-ecological and socio-economic conditions in the country, by focusing attention on client constraints and by specifying the potential impact of research on these constraints.The process of establishing clear and systematic priorities in our research programmes allows us to take a proactive rôle in soliciting government and donor support for areas identified as vital to agricultural development efforts. Perhaps most important, the priority setting processes developed at KARI have helped to broaden participation in formulating our research agenda by including a wide range of stakeholders and clientsfrom outside the Institute and in the process widened and deepened our constituency base.Within specific programmes, the priority setting process has comprised five interrelated and cumulative steps: (1) compiling the information base on relevant commodities and regions; (2) identifying programme research target zones and research themes; (3) eliciting the potential for technology generation and adoption; (4) estimating research-induced social benefits; and (5) establishing research priorities and medium-term resource allocation guidelines with programme stakeholders.All but a handful of our commodity research programmes, which include a number of livestock research programmes, have completed this five-step procedure. A similar process has been developed for regional and factor-based research programmes, which should have clear research priorities and resource allocation guidelines in 1998. Once all programmes have completed their respective priority setting activities, we will embark on an Institute-wide priority setting exercise that will pit programme against programme with a view to establishing a coherent set of priorities for the entire organization.
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Hsy, Jonathan. "Disability, Space, and Racial Injustice: Life Writing at Angel Island Immigration Station, 1910–1940". Journal of American Ethnic History 43, n.º 3 (1 de abril de 2024): 34–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/19364695.43.3.02.
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Abstract This study integrates race and disability into a literary-historical analysis of the mostly anonymous poetry composed by Chinese migrants and inscribed onto the walls of the men's barracks of the US Immigration Station at Angel Island in San Francisco Bay, 1910–1940. Scholarship in Asian American and Asian diaspora studies has approached this body of work as a modern reinvention of traditional Chinese poetic forms within a US context. This study considers the men's barracks a protest space created under disabling conditions of confinement, and it demonstrates how Angel Island detainees critiqued the racialized and ableist systems of social control that operated at the station. The poets attest to undergoing invasive imperial regimes of bodily inspection and medicalized racial exclusion, and they document lived experiences of chronic illness, depression, and the anguished temporality of detention space. As corpus of disabled life writing by early Asian American and Asian diaspora writers, Angel Island poetry offers wider access to non-English historical vocabularies of disability as well as environmental and holistic understandings of embodied conditions beyond Western diagnostic models. As a built environmental archive and a National Historic Landmark, Angel Island is a significant cultural site for exploring how race and disability operate concurrently as social constructions.
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Meroka, Agnes K. y Duncan Ojwang. "A Critical Analysis of Legal Research in Kenya: The Nexus between Research Funding, Academic Freedom and Social Responsibility". Asian Journal of Legal Education 5, n.º 2 (29 de mayo de 2018): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2322005818768682.
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Despite the potential of legal research to contribute positively in addressing problems in the society, there are various factors that can undermine the significance of such research. Even with the widespread legal research conducted in Kenya, there are signs that much of this research has not had a significant impact in the society, and it has also not succeeded in providing solutions to some of the problems that have been plaguing the country since the post-independence period. It is argued here that academic freedom, like any other fundamental freedom or right has obligations attached to it, and one such obligation is the exercise of social responsibility, which means that research ought to be conducted for the purpose of benefitting the society and not just for the advancement of individual interests. However, external research funding may limit the extent to which academics are able to exercise academic freedom in the course of conducting research. In Kenya specifically, the Constitution of Kenya recognizes and protects academic freedom, however, the spiral relationship between research and external funding opportunities may create conditions which undermine this freedom. This article draws on a broad understanding of the role of legal research in any society and demonstrates that there is a need for independence of thought in carrying out legal research, and in cases where external research funding threatens the exercise of academic freedom, universities can take steps to ensure that individual academics are cushioned from this threat.
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Wa Teresia, John Ndikaru. "Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Nairobi Slum Areas, Kenya". East African Journal of Arts and Social Sciences 4, n.º 1 (26 de octubre de 2021): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajass.4.1.449.
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Juvenile delinquency has become an urgent concern for sociologists across the globe because it is a significant predictor of a possible increase in criminal activity among our growing population. A juvenile is a person who is under the age of ordinary criminal prosecution, which is normally 17 years. The increase in the incidence of juvenile delinquency implies that if measures are not taken in place, there are possibilities of the situation running out of hand. Juvenile delinquency can be considered as social maladjustment on the part of individuals to some difficult circumstances or conditions. The descriptive research design was adopted for this study since the researcher was interested in describing the salient traits of young offenders in the slum areas in Nairobi County and more specifically the predictors of their criminal behaviour and its effects. A sample of 200 respondents aged 18-45 years was generated using simple random sampling. A questionnaire was distributed amongst the respondents. Some questionnaires were distributed virtually using the Survey Monkey platform, which enabled the respondents to access and respond to the questions using their smartphones. The descriptive statistical analysis method was used to analyse the data, which was subsequently presented in table format.
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Jang, Junyoung. "Research on ‘Conversation Poems’ as a Mutual Communication System in Tang Period". Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Literature Studies 91 (31 de agosto de 2023): 33–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22344/fls.2023.91.33.
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This paper analyzes the characteristics of communication revealed in the process of questioning and answering the giving-and-answer poems of the Tang Dynasty. First, 'xingjuan(行卷)', 'tongbang(通榜)', 'tongyou(同遊)', and 'shiyan(詩宴)' were examined regarding the formation of society through poetry and political relationships among writers. Second, with the theme of ‘multi-cubic of love', how people create a 'semantic space' through giving-and-answer poems and how they develop a dedicated 'channel' are analyzed. Third, under the theme of 'intersection' between art and practical culture, various reactions when giving-and-answer poems collide with practicality are analyzed. Finally, the idea of how to apply the various practical functions and social and cultural meanings of gift-and-answer poetry as a mutual communication system in our lives and societies are considered. The ways communication can be accepted as a culture and ‘gift-giving poetry’ can be developed into the conditions and possibilities for living art are examined from the viewpoint of truth, goodness, and beauty.
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Mwenda Mate, Richard, France Aloyce Shayo y Isaac Micheni Nkari. "INFLUENCES OF TECHNOLOGICAL COMPETENCIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON CONSUMER BRAND PREFERENCE". International Journal of Business Management and Economic Review 06, n.º 02 (2023): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35409/ijbmer.2023.3478.
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The broad objective of this study was to establish the moderating effect of technological competencies on the relationship between environmental practices of corporate social responsibility and consumer brand preference for mobile phone services in Kenya. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings suggest that technological competencies significantly moderate the relationship between environmental practices of corporate social responsibility and customer brand preference. These findings call for continuous involvement of mobile phone service companies in corporate social responsibility practices as it positively influences consumer brand preference. Future research should aim at establishing contextual and geographical differences in consumer preferences by targeting other countries with different social economic conditions.
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Rudolf, Gerhild Ingrid. "The Translation of German Hymns into Romanian Between Poetry and Pragmatism". Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 8, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2016): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ress-2016-0006.
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Abstract After centuries of celebrating the divine services only in German language, the Evangelical Church A. C. in Romania (ECR) embarked during the last few decades on the use of a second language within church. The traditional “Evangelical-Saxon” identity of the congregations is undergoing a changing process. Having lost most of its members through emigration, the Evangelical Church A. C. in Romania copes with new social circumstances which have also an effect upon the choice of language. Therefore, in 2007, the ECR published a bilingual (German and Romanian) hymnal. Translating hymns is an intricate endeavour. The practical use of a bilingual hymn-book is challenging as well. The German-Romanian Evangelical hymnal is a witness of how the diaspora church accommodates itself to new linguistic conditions.
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Ghena, Hanaa Khlaif. "War is Herstory Home Front Women in the Poetry of Adnan Al-Sayegh". JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES 3, n.º 3 (7 de septiembre de 2023): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jls.3.3.3.
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Woman characters abound in the poetry of the Iraqi poet, Adnan Al-Sayegh who is influenced, in his presentation of her, by three mainfactors, namely, war, political system, and patriarchal norms. Al-Sayegh’s women are essentially of four types: the mother, thelover/sweetheart, the war victim, and the working class woman.Drawing on Bamberg’s concept of ‘small stories,’ this paper is anattempt at exploring those women’s small and underrepresented storieswhich tell a lot about social, political, and economic conditions in Iraq.The paper argues that although small and unexciting, these stories doshed light on the social status and ordeals of women in Iraq. Women’s‘small stories’ are then analyzed in a number of poems that best reflectthe characteristics of each type of woman. It concludes that thesewomen’s stories which take place at home fronts are no less significantthan the stories narrated by men. Women’s stories ultimately revealpart of the unofficial and often unspoken of history of war in Iraq.
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Di Giorgio, Gianni, Simona De Pasquale, Enrico Battaglia, Giulia Zumbo, Cristina Mollica, Rita D’Ecclesia, Antonella Polimeni y Maurizio Bossù. "Investigation of Oral Health in Children from Urban Slums of Nairobi, Kenya". Dentistry Journal 12, n.º 7 (10 de julio de 2024): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj12070211.
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For children living in the urban slums of Nairobi (Kenya), primary health conditions are not guaranteed, and oral diseases add further concern at social and institutional levels beyond the general poverty conditions. This study aims at determining the factors that influence the oral health status of children living in Nairobi slums. A cross-sectional study on school-aged subjects was conducted in June 2022 in three urban slum areas of Nairobi through a pediatric dental screening. The PI (Plaque Index), CPITN (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs), and dmft (decayed, missing, and filled teeth index—deciduous) were considered as primary outcomes of dental health. Multivariate statistical analysis, based on ordinal and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models, was conducted to identify determinants of the oral outcomes in a wide set of potential predictors. A sample of 359 children aged 2–17 was examined. The PI was significantly associated with age, the type of bite, and the use of a toothbrush. The CPITN is influenced by different types of malocclusions, abnormal frenulum, dental trauma, and fluorosis. Dietary habits were found to significantly impact the susceptibility to dental caries. Fluorosis and a dental visit in the last year were highlighted as risk and protective factors, respectively, against higher rates of caries. The oral health features of children living in Nairobi slums are differently affected by socio-demographic conditions, dietary habits, dental characteristics, and oral care practices.
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Masruuroh, Lina, Hafifah Aprianti y Mohammad Fajar Amertha. "Puisi Gus Mus “Talbiyah Dalam Kesendirian’’ Sebagai Alternatif Dakwah Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19". Jurnal Kopis: Kajian Penelitian dan Pemikiran Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam 4, n.º 2 (7 de marzo de 2022): 126–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33367/kpi.v4i2.2391.
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Poetry is an expression of the soul that abstracts, summarizes the atmosphere of ideas in transcendental life and human experience, which is why da'wah messages can still be conveyed through poetry. One such poem was created by Gus Mus, with the titled Talbiyah dalam Kesendirian. The poem succeeded in touching feelings and attracting the attention of many audiences on Instagram social media, because it is considered very relevant to the pandemic situation and the conditions experienced by many people in the world during the pandemic mass. This study aims to explore the semantics of Talbiyah dalam Kesendirian poetry. The theory used is semantics. The study methodology used is qualitative with a library study approach. The analysis was carried out by identifying the elements of meaning including lexical - grammatical, referential - non-referential, denotative - connotative, words - terms, conceptual - associative, idiomatic - proverbs, and figurative meanings. The results of the study show (1) the meaning of the poem contains a message of da'wah in the form of reflections on glorifying the Oneness of Allah SWT, God's response to humans who have only been encouraging to this group of people, reflection on a request to God to lead back on the path that right at His command. (2) This solitude poetry can be used as an alternative to da'wah during the pandemic.
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Gasparyan, Luiza A. y Zaruhi G. Hayryan. "Sayat-Nova’s Oeuvre in the Light of Interpretation and Translation by V. Bryusov". Studia Litterarum 9, n.º 1 (2024): 168–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2024-9-1-168-185.
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Each national literature is a part of national history. It presents the features of the national culture and the people who live and develop in specific cultural and traditional conditions. Each nation has its unique genius that sings the national beauty. Armenian ashug Sayat’-Nova’s creativity has had a significant influence on Armenian literature. Sayat’-Nova, as a national poet, had created poetry with its genre subdivisions. We can consider such categories as spiritual, patriotic poetry, glamorous social poetry, and folk-gusan songs. The present research has been carried out along the lines of Sayat’-Nova’s verbal creativity through the interpretive prism of theorists and literary critics with special reference to Valeri Brusov, who highlighted the exclusive richness of Sayat’-Nova’s artistic devices, the peculiar features of his literary genre, style, and language. The article focused on the relevance of Russian-Armenian literary relations, which became particularly crucial with the publication of Valeri Brusov’s anthology “Poetry of Armenia” in 1916. The outstanding Russian writer, critic, and translator has highly appreciated the exceptional richness of Armenian literature and interpreted each piece of verbal creativity with great accuracy. His opinion is that Sayat’-Nova name deserves to be a part of world literature. Armenian ashug has to stand next to the honored names and glorified works of Western literature.
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Mihayo, Astelia y Ida Bagus Putera Manuaba. "Representation of authors’ worldview in selected poems of Mabala, Summons: poems from Tanzania (A genetic structuralism analysis)". EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 4, n.º 2 (4 de septiembre de 2019): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.4.2.171-182.
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This paper examines the worldview of Tanzanian poetry in English. It focuses on selected poems of Mabala (1980) entitled Summons: Poems from Tanzania. The study places the poems under Lucien Goldmann’s genetic structuralism approach and argues against the historical context and discourse of Tanzania between 1960s and 1980’s. Specifically, the study analyses the author’s social and historical conditions influenced the production of the Summons poetry and showcases how the author’s worldview in particular poems in general are creatively explored in the social realities. The exploration of worldview in selected poems congruence the social and historical realities and the Socialism ideology [society’s worldview or global structure]. In other words, the exploration of the worldview in the selected poems confirms the homology of the global structure. The poems construct the ideal values of socialist state that seemed relevant in the post-independence Tanzania. They, in one or another provide the historical account for the building of Socialism ideology. They are about and against the ideology which confuse the vision people have of themselves and of their lives and the friction that failed the implementation of Socialism ideology. The study appropriates dialectic method to achieve the coherence of meaning of the text as a whole (poem structure and global structure).