Tesis sobre el tema "Jugement dans la littérature"
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Kim, Hee-Kyung. "Expression de l'opinion et du jugement dans un corpus contemporain". Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1019.
Texto completoParadis, Swann. "IMAGINATION, JUGEMENT, GÉNIE : la fabrique des quadrupèdes dans l'Histoire naturelle de Buffon (1707-1788)". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25813/25813.pdf.
Texto completoInscrit au Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures
Sautenet, Bénédicte. "Hétérogénéité des critères de jugement évalués dans les essais randomisés de néphroprotection". Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC214.
Texto completoOutcomes in randomized trials should fulfill high-standard metrological quality (reproducibility, validity, sensitivity to change) as well as clinical relevance. Scientific evidence revealed by clinical trials directly depends on the choice of such outcomes. In addition, the results of these trials and prior trials will be compared on the basis of these outcomes. The choice of similar outcomes for various trials in a same scientific field thus allows for the realization of meta-analyses and finally the optimization of patient care. We aimed to investigate the heterogeneity of outcomes in randomized trials of nephroprotection. First, we compared registered trials in two medical fields, rheumatology and nephroprotection. In rheumatology, an international consensus on outcomes has been established since 1992, whereas no such recommendations exist in the nephrologic field. We therefore compared the description of outcomes in each medical field by means of a score including domain, specific measurement, specific metrics, methods of aggregating data and time frame. These outcomes were then gathered in clusters evaluating the same concept via an international expert' s opinion. Once these clusters are defined, we evaluated the proportion of trials and patients that might be combined for each cluster in a putative meta-analysis. The quality score of outcomes was significantly lower for nephrology than rheumatology trials (odds ratio 4. 2 [95% confidence interval 2. 39; -7. 39], p <0. 001). Overall,. 20 outcomes were identified in each field: 13 clusters in rheumatology versus 8 in nephrology. In rheumatology, the cluster representing a single outcome (American College of Rheumatology response criteria) allowed for assessing 87. 1% of trials and 92. 8% of patients likely included in those trials. No such cluster existed in nephrology. These results resulted in lower homogeneity of the outcomes used in randomized trials in nephrology. Our second objective concerned meta-analysis of randomized trials in nephroprotection. We listed the outcomes used in each meta-analysis, then ascertained the proportion of trials associated with each outcome and identified 20 outcomes clustered in 6 subgroups: antiproteinuric impact, kidney efficiency, end-stage kidney disease, composite outcomes aggregating end-stage kidney disease, death and patient-reported outcomes. For each outcome, the proportion of systematic reviews in which the outcome could be meta-analyzed varied from 1. 5% to 50. 0%. Only 35. 5% of outcomes allowed for aggregating more than 75% of randomized trials. These results underline major divergences in the choice of outcomes in systematic reviews and the difficulties in combining trial
Custer, Olivia. "L'exemple de Kant : fonctions et enjeux de l'exemple dans l'oeuvre kantienne". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0099.
Texto completoClarifying the roles of the example in theoretical and practical philosophy respectively, this thesis shows that in each domain the example reveals to the philosopher an essential problem which it then helps to solve. Thus (analysis of) the example shows the need for a proof of the objective reality of concepts but also serves as a model for Kant's conception of Darstellung and schematism ; the example underlines the critical problem of moral pedagogy and furnishes a solution. In each domain however, Kant's best answer to the problem at hand draws on the new logic of exemplarity developed in the third Critique. Arguing from the necessity for Kant to answer a radical skepticism, this reading suggests a particular articulation between the last Critique and the first two. Finally, it reconsiders the kantian elaboration of freedom in the light of an exemplary logic
Taneja, Gulshan. "La nature et l'importance du jugement de valeur dans la critique littéraire : F R Leavis". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30083.
Texto completo“Nature and significance of value-judgement in literary criticism: F. R. Leavis”The present thesis seeks to examine he nature and significance of value-judgement in literary criticism in the twentieth-century with special reference to F. R. Leavis, a widely influential English literary critic of the British Modernist phase. Leavis was a professional critic and an academic who, as a teacher and a thinker, functioned within the university system. As a critic, he exemplified some of the best practices of his profession. He analysed the role of the academy and often stepped out of the confines of the academic world to comment in the public arena on issues of larger import.He emerged as a major voice of a viewpoint, which, he believed, needed upholding. The intense seriousness, which he brought to bear upon his task as a critic of literature and of the larger context in which literature and literary criticism operated, singled him out as a major figure of his day.Leavis believed that the crisis of the early twentieth-century war-torn world necessitated that the universities become an instrument of development of intelligence, ethics, and ideals in the post-war world. That, for him, would act as bulwark against the erosion of values and the forces of destruction. The literature, literary criticism, and English studies, in his opinion, had a major role to play if universities were to fulfil their essential responsibility of being the repositories of humane values and finer intellectual abilities, which they were expected to nourish.Leavis believed that all fields of knowledge are in a constant state of research and development. He also emphasised the oneness of University education and vigorously opposed the then current notion of humanities and sciences as intellectual polar opposites.The present thesis examines the constantly changing state of values in several fields of enquiry. A chapter is devoted to a set of norms—the role of universities, the educated intelligence, judgement and evaluations, close textual reading, “mass civilization and minority culture,”––that underlie Leavis’s belief in “disinterested” thinking which literary studies help nourish. Subsequently in another chapter, how discriminations and value-judgements are formed is examined with references to the practices of Dryden, Frye, Eliot and several other voices
Boudier, Marion. "La représentation du monde sans jugement : Réalisme et neutralité dans la dramaturgie moderne et contemporaine". Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENSL0796.
Texto completoPrejudice-free depictions of the world are the aim both of reality and of any neutral approach. They bring together works of art that show the world without inducing any commentary while exposing our opinions in all representations. We will hypothesise the concept of “neutral realism” to analyse the strategies used by dramatic arts to produce suspension of meaning. We question the existence of a tradition of dramatic authors – ranging from Tchekhov’s “clinical theater” to Brecht’s “critical theater” – that lead spectators to what Barthes termed the “astonishment upon discovering a trial-free world”. We will weigh such prejudice-free representations of the world against documentary drama and against Brecht’s critical realism. Such a comparison will evidence a paradigm shift where an explicit, committed type of modelling seems to give way to a more open interpretative experience. From Horváth to daily-life authors and to Fleisser, Adamov, Kroetz and other contemporary re-inventors of “quasi- documentary-style” drama, the question can be thus articulated: how do such illustrative aesthetics succeed in circumventing both merely superficial symptomatology of the world and the misunderstandings that might arise from the decision of leaving the viewer to judge the work on their own? The answer to the question guides our analysis of the dramatic arts’ decentering of realism, through which another vision of the responsibility of the dramatic author emerges, as well as a new take on the political nature of a neutral approach. The works and reflections of M.Vinaver, O. Hirata, J. Pommerat and L. Norén evidence four aspects of this “neutral realism”, ranging from the cancellation of meaning to multifaceted meaning and to troubled, disconnected or awed spectators
Ginchereau, Normande. "De la Renaissance au néoclassicisme, survivance, essor et variation des thèmes mythologiques gréco-romains dans les œuvres d'art : sujet témoin : le Jugement de Pâris ou le tribunal de l'amour". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28544.
Texto completoOrtega-Marin, Alexander. "Les préjugés raciaux et de classe dans l'œuvre de Marvel Moreno". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL161.
Texto completoThe present research establishes an analysis of the discourse and narrative of the Barranquillan author Marvel Moreno. First, it was necessary to determine the background investigation on the same topic to be able to later elaborate a corpus which took into account the maximum of value judgments about the two notions, consequently. Finally, the reconstruction of the terms racist-code and social-code of the author’s literature, was reconstructed in accordance with the theoretical definitions as well as with the literature itself, analyzing terms such as racism, race, black person or negro, half blood, mulatto, white person, “down at heel person”, an upstart person or parvenu and middle class, aristocracy and bourgeoisie. The pertinent of this study is therefore justified by the absence so far of another study that treats the same chosen narratives and discourses used by the author to explain the social conflict in the fictional Barranquilla. From a methodological point of view, the goal was to see how narrators and characters judge and were judged. Consequently, it was demonstrated that the narrative voices focus on describe the social and racial codes belonging to the upper class, which at the same time and through their prejudices construct the rest of the society validating in this way the elite’s racist and excluding identity
La presente indagine consiste in un’analisi discorsiva delle nozioni di razza e di classe sociale nella narrativa di Marvel Moreno, scrittrice di Barranquilla. In un primo momento è stato necessario determinare gli antecedenti dei due temi, per poi stabilire un corpus di racconti che ne trattano. Infine, si sono ricostruiti il codice razzista e il codice sociale dell’opera attraverso lo studio di termini come razzismo, razza, meticcio, mulatto, bianco, negro, aristocrazia, borghesia, fallito, arricchito, nuovo ricco e classe media. L’importanza di questa ricerca è avvalorata dall’assenza, fino ad oggi, di un lavoro che chiarisca i pregiudizi e gli stereotipi della società rappresentata dall’autrice a partire dall’opera stessa, dalla teoria letteraria e dalla storia colombiana. Da un punto di vista metodologico si sono analizzate le opinioni delle voci narranti per descrivere e qualificare personaggi e situazioni. Di conseguenza, si è dimostrato che, all’interno dell’universo fittizio dell’autrice, le ideologie ereditate dal periodo coloniale configurano modalità di pensiero e relazioni di potere nella società
Mbaye, Samba. "Rhétorique du silence dans l'univers dramatique, poétique et cinématographique d'Harold Pinter". Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA1010/document.
Texto completoThe main purpose of this research is not only to try to grasp the meaning of the unsaid and the hidden in the artistic work of Harold Pinter, but first and foresmost to show that language can neither have a meaning nor be made out if we do not consider what is lying underneath or if we disregard any reading between the lines. Even if it's obvious that the stage is more often than not under the yoke of words, the gist of any play is to be looked for in silence. In Pinter's dramatic world, silence can be understood as what cannot be said, what is not thoroughly said, what is not clearly expressed, what is not yet said, what will never be said. It can be due to many reasons, a silence may be observed under duress, as it may be made purposefully. The body language is more than important, for what is displayed through it can urge any shrewd spectator to muse upon what is beyond his eyes. Since words and images are not often reliable, the work of any spectator is to ponder over what is shown or said to him. And like any tool of communication, silence requires a text and a context to yield the substance emnodied in it. Any attempt to sever the language of words from that of silence is doomed to failure. Silence per se is the realm of silent words. Before being uttered, any word was first kept in silence. All discourses stem from silence, and whilst some can reach the listener, others need a particular attention, whence our interest in Pinter's early poems. The silence we'redealing with is not a void. It's pregnant with meaning and cannot be avoided as long as we're able to speak or we're potential locutors
Marguerat, Daniel. "Le Jugement dans l'Évangile de Matthieu /". Genève : [Paris] : Labor et fides ; [diff. Cerf], 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36692806v.
Texto completoBekaddour, Zai͏̈a. "Prédisposition et normativité dans le jugement social". Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE29031.
Texto completoLafitte-Coulon, Catherine. "Comparaison sociale et jugement judiciaire : influence de la similarité dans les décisions et processus de jugement". Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100218.
Texto completoThis research stands at the confluence of two main theoretical fields:• social comparison, and more specifically, the egocentric comparison between one judge and his target;• judgment of responsibility (intention, responsibility, guilt and sanction) and more particularly the relationship between intention and sanction on the one hand, and between responsibility and sanction on the other.Of consideration here are quasi-experimental studies within the specific context of spontaneous decision, reading a news item describing an event causing serious outcomes and for which the author’s intention is not easily discernable.The objectives are :• to apply the theory of egocentric comparison (Dunning, 1996) to a judicial judgment,• to explore the influence of objective similarity, when controlled, and more specifically the influence of subjective similarity, as declared, on the decisions (attribution of intention, responsibility, guilt and sanction) and on the judgment processes;• to confirm the presence of a “justificative model” (Oberlé & Gosling, 2003) which does not consider intention nor responsibility as sanction perequisites but rather as justifications of an ex-ante sanction attribution.Our results demonstrate that :• when experimentally induced, the similarity does not suffice to trigger an effect on the decisions, sole the perceived similarity is able to lessen either the attributions of intention, responsibility or the sanction level;• the existence of two justificative model is ascertained : while the subjective similarity reveals the process by intention, the controlled similarity brings the process by responsibility to light;• a subjective component can foster a process considered as “rational”
Richard, Vincent. "Le jugement par défaut dans l'espace judiciaire européen". Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D044.
Texto completoFrench judges regularly refuse to enforce foreign judgements rendered by default against a defendant who has not appeared. This finding is also true for other Member States, as many European regulations govern cross-border enforcement of decisions rendered in civil and commercial matters between Member States. The present study examines this problem in order to understand the obstacles to the circulation of default decisions and payment orders in Europe. When referring to the recognition of default judgments, it would be more accurate to refer to the recognition of decisions made as a result of default proceedings. It is indeed this (default) procedure, more than the judgment itself, which is examined by the exequatur judge to determine whether the foreign decision should be enforced. This study is therefore firstly devoted to default procedures and payment order procedures in French, English, Belgian and Luxembourgish laws. These procedures are analysed and compared in order to highlight their differences, be they conceptual or simply technical in nature. Once these discrepancies have been identified, this study turns to private international law in order to understand which elements of the default procedures are likely to hinder their circulation. The combination of these two perspectives makes it possible to envisage a gradual approximation of national default procedures in order to facilitate their potential circulation in the European area of freedom, security and justice
Bendwell, Ivan. "Le jugement dans le traité De l'âme, d'Aristote /". Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1998. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/tablemat/03-2195750TM.html.
Texto completoBendwell, Ivan. "Le jugement dans le traité De l'âme, d'Aristote". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1998. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3523/1/000654698.pdf.
Texto completoJacot-Descombes, Marie-Thérèse. "Plaider en chien et loup: métamorphoses du sens, métabolisme des effets dans les pratiques de construction du savoir, en droit social". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211041.
Texto completoComment le juge reformule-t-il la règle, quels sont les moyens dont il dispose ou use pour ce faire, quelle est son implication dans cette érosion ?La recherche, soutenue par une réflexion à la fois juridique, politique et philosophique, analyse des décisions judiciaires, leurs commentaires, et des articles de doctrine, qui ont en commun de paraître consacrer cette érosion.
La première partie de ce travail porte sur l'éradication des inégalités entre travailleurs masculins et féminins par le recours à des discriminations positives, par le biais de ce que Dworkin appellerait un "hard case" :un arrêt de la Cour de Justice des Communautés Européennes du 17 octobre 1995, statuant quant à la conformité de la législation d'un état membre à la directive européenne du 9 février 1976 relative à la mise en œuvre de l'égalité de traitement entre hommes et femmes en ce qui concerne l'accès à l'emploi, à la formation et à la promotion professionnelles, et les conditions de travail. La haute juridiction y fait bifurquer l'idée en deux concepts, l'égalité des chances et l'égalité des résultats, les définit puis les oppose ;ensuite, elle disqualifie la législation de l'état membre, au motif que celle-ci favorise l'égalité de résultats et non la seule égalité des chances. L'analyse décrit cette construction par la Cour d'un savoir juridique de l'égalité ;elle s'inquiète de la conformité de ce savoir au droit communautaire, du bien-fondé d'une bifurcation entre chances et résultats, et de ses effets sur les inégalités entre hommes et femmes.
Sa deuxième partie porte sur la construction du savoir du droit social, en général. Elle en exhibe certains ingrédients et évalue leurs agencements :la manière dont sont traités les faits, les diverses sortes d'intérêts à l'origine de la production de jurisprudence, la maîtrise du langage et l'art de convoquer le droit, et le pouvoir du praticien d'affecter et d'être affecté par le droit et son milieu. Elle pointe deux grandes bifurcations :celle entre dire le droit et juger quant au fond ;et celle entre "juridiquement correct" et "juste". Elle observe à quelles conditions la jurisprudence devient source effective de droit et se divise en courants majoritaire et minoritaire. Elle distingue deux moments dans la pratique juridique, et deux modes d'existence du jugement. La construction de la motivation, ajustée à tel litige particulier, constitue le moment créatif, qui aboutit au jugement vivant, à l'usage des protagonistes. Ce même jugement, s'il est diffusé dans les médias juridiques, connaît une autre forme d'existence, au sein du corpus jurisprudentiel commun ;si les juristes sont libres de s'y référer ou de l'ignorer, il nourrira un nouveau moment créatif, à titre d'exemple de savoir-faire ;le moment dogmatique, lui, est celui où le système judiciaire se saisit des énoncés de tel jugement vivant pour les imposer, en tant que savoir a priori, lieux de passage obligés, mots d'ordre, limitant ainsi le champ de possibles ouvert à l'activité créatrice.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation philosophie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Mullet, Étienne. "L'intégration des informations dans le jugement et la décision". Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H023.
Texto completoCortessis, Sandrine. "Formation du jugement et argumentation dans les jurys de VAE". Paris, CNAM, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CNAM0707.
Texto completoThis research project to obtain a PhD is based a) on the one hand, on the observation of candidate performance applying for “non formal and informal learning recognition”. The expected competences are globally applied in ways of using appropriate language and presentation tools to present, negotiate, convince, stating point of view, ability to argument their cause, etc. B) on the other hand, the jury’s expectations, conduct of assessment and evaluation sessions, and selection of valid criteria are the second perspective. The analysis and interdependence of candidates’ performance and juries’ perception will allow to mirror the process which enables to deal with “formal & informal recognition” procedures and systems
Le, Dreff Gwénaëlle. "Biais de positivité et asymétrie positive-négative dans le jugement". Rennes 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN20036.
Texto completoThis doctoral dissertation deals with the positive bias which tends to incline somebody else in a rather favourable light this concept is taken into consideration by teachers, people concerned with assessing and social workers. The experiments are carried out mainly with children-aged 9 to 12- and reveal a definite influence of society on the level of positivity of a judgment
Gaudry, Stéphane. "Critères de jugement dans les essais contrôlés randomisés en réanimation". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC252/document.
Texto completoThe choice of relevant primary and secondary endpoints is an essential step of the design of a randomized controlled trial. In our first work, we conducted a systematic review on patient-important outcomes in randomized controlled trials in critically ill patients. Indeed, clinical decision-making by ICU physicians now pursues the goal of improving mean and long-term outcomes in survivors in addition to increasing their chance of survival. We defined patient-important outcomes as on one hand, outcomes involving mortality at any time, and on the other, quality of life and functional outcomes assessed after ICU discharge. We found that a minority of primary outcomes (27/112,24%) used in randomized controlled trials published in 2013, were patient-important outcomes and that mortality accounted for the vast majority of them. Our analysis of most recently published trials (first half 2016) showed that patient-important outcomes were used in the samelow proportions (25% of the primary outcomes were patient-important outcomes) We then addressed the question of how well withholding and with drawal of life support therapies(W-WLST) decisions were reported in RCT in critically ill patients and how such decisions could impact mortality as outcome measure in these trials. We found that W-WLST decisions, although being a daily concern in routine practice, were scarcely reported in these trials, since they appeared in only 6 of 65 (9%) during follow-up. We further explored the impact of an imbalance in such decisions between the 2 arms of a randomized controlled trial, through a simulation study. This simulation showed that the intervention could appear as protective, if the decision of W-WLST was delayed in the interventional arm, even though the intervention had no true effecton survival. Finally, we performed a randomized controlled study (Artificial Kidney Initiation in Kidney Injury,AKIKI) using mortality as primary outcome and paid attention to report the rate of W-WLSTdecisions in the 2 arms
Elayoubi, Meriem. "Jugement d'experts et jugement de consommateurs : similarités et divergences dans l'évaluation d'une publicité : une explication par les variables d'exécution publicitaire". Toulouse 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU10028.
Texto completoThis research aims at giving a theoretical contribution to the expertise concept by bringing into light a literature review developed in cognitive psychology before presenting researches done in marketing on experts as opposed to novices in this particular domain. Application is on advertisement. After a confirmatory qualitative method, a quantitative survey has been conducted on a sample of consumers (n=619) and experts (n=54) in order to collect their attitude toward the ad (Aad) and buying intention from press ads (n=200). Results reveal a double perspective by comparing their answers on Aad, buying intentions (dependant variables) and executional cues (independent variables) taken into consideration by different consumers (involved or not in the product category and in the purchase decision, perceived or non-perceived experts) and experts (managers or academics, marketing diploma or not). Results show individual conditions (similarity for certain profiles of consumers/experts), and ad conditions (when the ad presents a specific configuration in terms of executional cues)
Groulx, Linda. "Le rôle des facteurs sociaux dans le jugement moral de l'enfant". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ31432.pdf.
Texto completoPitton, Marie-Camille. "Le rôle du jugement étranger dans l'interprétation du droit conventionnel uniforme". Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010292.
Texto completoScharnitzky, Patrick. "Application du stéréotype dans les jugements individuels : effets de la familiarité et de la variabilité perçue du groupe". Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H057.
Texto completoStereotype use in individual judgments depends on the kind of available information about the target. This dimension is crucial in studies on social judgments stereotypicality. Stereotype is more likely applied in a typical outgroup member judgment. This thesis concerned the stereotype use on atypical outgroup member judgment paradigm. Two variables have been studied : the familiarity and the outgroup perceived variability. Concerning the familiarity, our hypothesis is that an increased level of familiarity leads to a less stereotyped judgment of an atypical outgroup member. Concerning the eprceived variability, our prediction is that the more the group is heterogeneous, the more the outgroup atypical member judgment is individuated. Five experiments have been run, three in the united states and two in france. Even if the general paradigm is stable, some variables have been differently operationnalized. Stereotype could be natural of artificial, familiarity and perceived variability could be natural or manipulated. Results are mixed. The familiarity effect on judgment stereotypicality has been systematicaly shown so that judgement of the more familiar subjects with an outgroup is more individuated toward an atypical outgroup member. On the contrary, results concerned perceived variability are less straightforward. Even if results are congruent over all studies, effects are never significant enough to be interpreted systematicaly. An heterogeneous perception of an outgroup leads descriptively to a more individuated judgement of an atypical outgroup member. Netherless, the lack of interaction between target typicality and perceived variability level does not permit a theoritical extension on the mecanism
Dumitrescu, Ana. "Représentations byzantines du Jugement dernier à la fin du Moyen Âge". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010592.
Texto completoTostain, Manuel. "Internalite et masculinite feminite : aspects developpementaux et effets dans le jugement social". Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN1089.
Texto completoThis research which has been done on 800 subjects ages 8 to 85 deals with : 1) the evolution depending on age and sex of self-representation linked to internality, and to masculinity feminity. 2) the effects of the self-representation on the judgment of deviant behaviour. It is noted that, with age, the self-attribution of feminine characteristics increases at the expense of the masculine just as an increase, then a decrease of internality (the two registers of internality, the one concerning the positive reinforcements and the other concerning the negative reinforcements which are unconnected to begin with). Moreover, the subjects having unisexual self-perception (feminine or masculine), or internal self-perception, adopt extremely negative judgments towards deviant behaviour. We have also examined the effects of revealing of sex-type on self-representation and judments. Finally, we show the dynamic aspect (which connot be reduced to social group) and which is socio-normative of internality and of masculinity feminity
Archan, Christophe. "Les chemins du jugement : procédure et science du droit dans l'Irlande médiévale /". Paris : De Boccard, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41124914b.
Texto completoContient 3 versions du traité : "Les cinq chemins du jugement" = "Cóic conara fugill" En appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 415-434. Glossaire. Index.
Thorel-Bricou, Christelle. "La question de la clémence à l'égard de la victime dans le jugement de responsabilité". Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05H046.
Texto completoVictims are often judged in part responsible of their suffering. To understand why people judge victims in that way, we have manipulated four factors : the target of judgment of responsability ; possessing asymmetrical or symmetrical extra-legal informations on the two protagonists ; the social connotation of these informations ; the clarity of the dramatic situation in which the two protagonists are implicated. Results show that subjects seems generally to be less clement toward the victim than toward the third. The lenienecy toward a victim appears only when there is no doubt on her total innocence and when the victim gives the impression, by the way of extra-legal informations given, that she merits this favour treatment. These results suggest that the treatement reserved to victims is consequently a complex phenomenon, which is moreover recognised today in legal plan
Trapet, Marie-Dominique. "Le droit dans l'oeuvre de Freud". Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070127.
Texto completoCointe, Nicolas. "Jugement éthique pour la décision et la coopération dans les systèmes multi-agents". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEM043/document.
Texto completoThe increasing use of multiagent systems in various fields raises the need of autonomous agents able to take into account such ethical principles in their decisions. More and more propositions are published, but they are often agent-centered and they don’t consider the issues raised by the interactions between artificial agents and possibly humans, potentially using another ethics. Our goal is to give the agents the ability to reason on ethics to enable an ethics-based cooperation in multiagent systems. This work presents a model of ethical judgment for artificial autonomous agents in multiagent systems both useful to influence their decisions and behaviors, and describes an ethics-based cooperation framework. This model distinguishes the morality (or theory of the good), describing the goodness of actions in a context regarding a set of moral values and moral rules, and ethics (or theory of the right), describing the rightness of an action regarding a set of ethical principles. The use of this model in the decision process generates a conform behavior regarding the chosen theories of good and right. An agent may also use this model to judge the observed behavior of the other agents and employ this judgment to adapt its own behavior towards the judged agents. The detailed presentation of this model is followed by some experimentations to show the use of this model in a realistic application based on an ethical asset management scenario. The results show how the behaviors of the agents might be impacted and the efficiency of this model to discriminate the behaviors of the others
AL, KHOURY WALID. "La notion du jugement dans le mustasfa de ghazali : etude analytique et lexicographique". Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010546.
Texto completoArchan, Christophe. "Les chemins du jugement : la procédure dans l'ancien droit irlandais : VIIè-VIIIè siècle". Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100162.
Texto completoThe study of procedure in ancient Ireland cannot be disassociated from the study of the legal texts of the 7`h and 8l' centuries. These texts are a result of a combination of the vernacular tradition and the Latin influence on Ireland from the 5`h century. Those who wrote these texts and made use of them were true law professionals - poets, judges or lawyers - whose professions were organised in hierarchised. The training of these professionals was received in law schools, where Latin grammar was also taught. These schools illustrate the phenomenon of Latinization that was taking place in Ireland during this period. The procedural text called "The Five Paths of Judgment" is an excellent example of this. The cases are separated into five groups according to type and some of the classifications evoke their Latin authors. The aim of our study is to describe this process and to show the manner in which the Latin culture penetrated this very traditional discipline. Our study will be completed by the publication and the translation of this text from Old Irish, which is at its richest in :"The Five Paths of Judgment"
Al-Khoury, Walid C. "La Notion du jugement dans le "Mustasfa" de Ghazalî : Etude analytique et lexicographique /". Lille : A.N.R.T. Université de Lille III, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598720j.
Texto completoOrséro, Huguette. "Le raisonnement contrefactuel dans l'explication quotidienne : ou le rôle de l'annulation mentale dans le jugement de responsabilité". Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100002.
Texto completoThe objective of this work is to observe the role of mental undoing process in the judgement of responsibility of a person who does not intend to cause an accident. The main idea is to see to what extent our ability to imagine that a person could have acted differently is going to affect our perception of the situation an our judgement. However, is the fact of checking that a person could have prevented an event from occuring sufficient in itself to consider this person responsable? five experiments have been carried out in order to answer this question. We have built up a scenario relating the accident of a young boy watched by his mother and we have used it for the whole of our experiments. We have asked the subjects to imagine what could have changed the child's fate (it the mental undoing task) and to assess the mother's responsibility. For each experiment, we have introduced more factors likely to influence the judgement of responsibility. In the first one, we have manipulated the severity of the consequences of the child's accident and the facility to mentally withdraw this accident. The role of the feature in keeping with the mother's decision or not and the control that she exercise over this decision have been the subjects of the second and the third researches. In the fourth study, we have taken interest in the influence of the child's disobedience on the judgement held upon his mother. To finish with, we have examined the effect of the direction of the child's accident mental undoing upon the evaluation of his mother's responsibility. The results have been analysed in accordance with the researches on mental udoing process and those on responsibility allocation and the link with the pattern of social judgeability has been proposed
Murcia, Thierry. "Jésus dans la littérature talmudique". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3076.
Texto completoThis study presents a survey and a systematic analysis of the passages of Talmudic literature (Mishna – Tosefta – Palestinian Talmud – Babylonian Talmud – Midrashim), relative to Jesus or are supposed to be. The documents are examined, criticized and confronted to other sources of Jewish or Christian origin (Hellenistic Jewish literature, Jewish Apocrypha, rabbinic sources, Targumim, Toledot Yeshu – New Testament, Apostolic Fathers, Church Fathers). The investigation tries to answer to several questions: - What did the rabbis exactly know about Jesus? - Has their information any historical value? - Has their perception undergone some evolution? - Did the rabbis of the Talmud have access to the Gospels as a written source? The conclusion of this thesis is that all these documents are rooted in their Sitz im leben. They obviously attest – contra Peter Schäfer (Jesus in the Talmud, 2007) – that the rabbis had no direct acquaintance with the Gospels as written documents. This study also shows, concerning the Babylonian Talmud, that all the passages relative to Jesus belong to the last editorial layer of this corpus (VIIe-VIIIe century)
Eluther, Ena. "L'africanité dans la littérature caribéenne". Thesis, Le Mans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEMA3001.
Texto completoCan the africanity of caribbean cultures come down to distant survivals, or constitute the foundation of these cultures ? Literature, as a mirror of peoples, as a painting of cultures, as art, allows to perceive the cultural and literary continuity between the african continent and its caribbean diaspora. The comparison of english-speaking and french-speaking novels from the Caribbean and from West Africa and Central Africa shows common cultural features and literary topoi from one area to the other : colonial trauma, protection and adaptation of ancestral legacy, common spiritual values, linguistic problematics, paintings of resistance struggles in which the writer himself is in the frontline. This comparative study, which sometimes draws from caribbean and african oral literature, as from caribbean spanish-speaking literature, suggests that one should view the afro-caribbean cultural expressions as an extension of african cultural expressions, offering in this way a large panorama of the cultural and literary black world. From 1921 to the early years 2000, this analysis takes into account the changes of african and caribbean literatures and the societies they represent. Have the changes definitively broken the african civilizational unity, the cultural links between Africa and the Americas ? On the contrary, the reading of the novels of the corpus shows an homogeneous and coherent picture of cultural and literary expressions of Africa and its caribbean diaspora, so doing putting Africa back into the center of caribbean culture
Auleley, Guy-Robert. "Contribution à l'optimisation d'un critère de jugement : mesure de l'interligne articulaire dans la coxarthrose". Nancy 1, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2001_0303_AULELEY.pdf.
Texto completoLin, Chi-Ming. "Description et jugement dans le discours de la critique d'art : de Diderot à Baudelaire". Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0050.
Texto completoMolina, Guylaine. "Norme et contexte : contribution à une étude expérimentale des relations entre normes et contextes dans les activités de jugement". Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10021.
Texto completoTassy, Sébastien. "Rôle du cortex préfrontal dans l'évaluation morale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5045.
Texto completoThe cognitive dualistic model of moral judgment based on the opposition reason-emotion and in which the reason would control the emotions is still largely dominant (Greene, Sommerville et al. 2001). However, the idea of rational control of emotions, especially when solving social dilemmas, has been questioned (Knoch, Pascual-Leone et al. 2006). As suggested by Jorge Moll, offering a much more integrated approach, the decision in a moral context may not be limited to the contrast between emotional and rationnal process (Moll, Zahn et al. 2005). Moreover, when resolving moral dilemmas, what is called the judgment seems to be dissociated from the choice of action, but to date, most published studies confuse the two. In this work, we strive to provide the theoretical and experimental evidences that the processes that lead to the judgment and to the moral choice are dissociated. And moreover, the judgment is based on the generation of secondary emotions by complex cognitive processes (rational) and the choice based on more automatic emotions. To explain this we propose a more general model of evaluation and moral decision based not on two, but three types of processes
Dumouchel, Daniel. "L'approche kantienne du singulier et le problème du jugement réfléchissant : une étude génétique sur la théorie du jugement esthétique et sur son rôle dans la systématique critique". Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040158.
Texto completoThe object of this study is the development of Kant’s aesthetics and the role they play in the accomplishment of his system of critical philosophy. The first section examines the early development of the aesthetics (1755-1779) with particular regard to the specific philosophical interests influencing each of his pre-critical aesthetic periods: 1 the relation between beauty and finality and their founding in the universe's objective order (1755-1763); 2 the anthropological and ethical founding of aesthetics (1764-1765); 3 the relation between taste and logical common sense (1765-1769) ; 4 the psychological founding of taste in light of Baumgartner’s sensual individuality (1769-1779). Proceeding from this interpretation, the second section attempts a developmental analysis of the critique of judgment. We begin by examining the transcendental founding of the "judgment of taste" as one particular judgment that takes on various forms (taste, natural beauty, the aesthetic idea, the sublime). Further, it becomes apparent that the "critique of taste", developed after 1787, plays a major heuristic role in the accomplishment of the final critique of judgment, and that this original "critique" represents a pivotal juncture around which Kant’s critical thought sought to resolve itself between the years 1787 and 1790
Mauron, Bugaud Christine. "Création et étude approfondie de programmes dans l'art sur ordinateur de l'algorithme au jugement perceptif". Paris 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA01A015.
Texto completoGuerrin, Muriel. "Les irrégularités de procédure sanctionnées par la nullité dans la phase préalable au jugement pénal". Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR30010.
Texto completoWith the aim of protecting the interests of the individual as much as society, the penal legislator has decreed specific regulations with which failure to comply should be able to be sanctioned. Personal sanctions are handled with difficulty, and are thus rarely applied. The most evident of sanctions is thus the nullity of the irregularly performed act. With regard to this, if the reform of 1993 have not altered the conception of the notion of nullity or its domain, they have nevertheless contributed to the reshaping of the rules applicable to its system. Analysis of the field of nullity reveals that it crosses at the three stages of the phase prior to penal judgement, these being inquiry, prosecution and investigation. One traditionally opposed textual nullity with substantial nullity. However, since 1975 and the creation of article 802 of the Code of criminal procedure, one must distinguish nullity of private interest subject to grounds for complaint, from nullity of public order which is not. For jurisprudence the criteria for nullification is that of seriousness of the irregularity committed. The majority of the regulations remain of private interest, even if a nullity category with simple presumption of grounds for complaint tends to emerge. The request for nullity is itself subject to certain conditions pertaining as much to those entitled to critical rights (which now include private parties) as to the moment when the exception may be lifted. The nullity lifting system makes it no longer possible, in principal, to invoke nullity of the instruction during the course of the judgement phase. The request may neverthlexx be presented before the judgement jurisdictions as long as no information has taken place. The principal competence however, belongs to the court of criminal appeal. If the nullity is pronounced, the competent jurisdiction must still decide on the extent of nullification and indicate the lot reserved for the nullified acts
Fiteni, Frédéric. "Les critères de jugement centrés sur le patient dans les essais cliniques en oncologie thoracique". Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA3012/document.
Texto completoOverall survival (OS) is the gold standard endpoint in oncology clinical trials. Nevertheless, intermediate tumor-centered endpoints which are assessed earlier are more and more used as surrogate of OS. Health-related quality of life is an endpoint which assesses a direct benefit for the patient. We demonstrated that 32% of endpoints in advanced non-small-cell lung phase III clinical trials were not defined at all, 43% were not clearly defined and none ofthem has demonstrated its surrogacy on OS. We demonstrated the weakness and the heterogeneity of the measurement, analysis, and reporting of HRQoL in phase III advanced NSCLC trials. Precise and uniform recommendations are needed. We longitudinally compared HRQoL using tüne until definitive deterioration (TUDD) method in 451 patients aged 70-89 years with advanced NSCLC randomly assigned to receive a doublet of chemotherapy or a monochemotherapy. We demonstrated the benefit of the doublet chemotherapy in terms ofHRQoL. On a methodological point ofview TUDD method is feasible and provide clinically meaningful results. We proposed another approach which would be to combine intermediate endpoint• with HRQoL as co-primary endpoints. Finally, we demonstrated the additional prognostic value of HRQoL data at baseline to identify vulnerable subpopulations in elderly NSCLC patients
Gauthier, Christine. "Réfléchir l'art et se réfléchir dans l'art : création d'ateliers destinés à l'enseignement des arts plastiques au collégial /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2003. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Texto completoCally, Jean William. "LA BÊTE DANS LA LITTÉRATURE FANTASTIQUE". Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457638.
Texto completoDiop, Alioune. "L'imaginaire animalier dans la littérature arabe". Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040180.
Texto completoDubreuil, Philippe. "Les injures dans la littérature latine". Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1069.
Texto completoThe subject of this thesis is the research of the contribution of the antique latin abusive literary practise to the social complexity and to the imaginative world. The thesis develops, in three distinct parts, a statistical, linguistic, literary and sociological study of the abusive terms in all the literary genres (125 texts and 50 authors) from IIIrd century BC to the fell of Rome in 475. It includes : - Abuses and Latin language (Volume I). Through a corpus of 1370 words and 2344 quotations, the author studies the different types of abusive words, their origins, constructions, senses and how they are employed in the latin sentences. - Abuses and latin literature (Volumes II and III). The author lists the uses (frequency and density) of abusive terms in theatre, in speeches, in poetry and in prose (philosophical or political studies, novels, correspondence. . . ). He studies the role and the functions of abuses in the texts and the connection they have with poetry, rhetoric and eloquence. - Abuses and antique roman Society (Volume IV) where is analyzed the social field of abuses according to the social groups, the Men/Women relations and the different forms of the practice of abusing naming. A special chapter is devoted to the antique roman imaginative world of abuses. The conclusion is about the civilizing role of abuses as welle in the antique Rome as in our collective unconscious. The corpus of words and quotations is detailed in a lexicon Latin-French and an index French-Latin (tome V). The lexicon is also available in. Pdf format as a CD-Rom
Benachir, Hynde. "Le "haiku" dans la littérature hispanique". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30036/document.
Texto completoThe purpose of this thesis is set at a crossroads between linguistics and literature since it is about the haiku in Hispanic literature, which we aim to characterize as a poetic form in the Spanish-speaking literary context and as a "prototype" of the brief from the perspective of its discursive and enunciative terms. Traditionally associated with Japanese culture, in which it takes root, the haiku is one of the shortest poetic forms in the world. With its seventeen syllables in all, it compels to the greatest thoroughness in the choice of words, a concise expression and a "condensation" of the meaning that make it a succint poem, often to be pondered after reading. Neither verse nor rhyme are part of the metrical constraints of the Japanese haiku. Its aesthetics, influenced by Zen Buddhism, aims to be contemplative, supported by the subjectivity of the poetic voice, which appears as a "witness of the world", only transposing facts that are sometimes "unimportant", often trivial, yet nonetheless a part of any person's daily life. In Western poetry, the haiku has no equivalent, owing as much to its brevity as to its "puristic" aesthetics. However, it should be noted that it is strongly represented in contemporary Hispanic literature. Neither the Orientalism from the beginning of the XXth century nor the poetic re-assessments started by the Modernists and carried on by the Avant-Garde movements are enough to explain this enthusiasm of the Spanish-speaking poets for this Japanese poem. Indeed, Hispanic literature took hold of this literary phenomenon as soon as the first translations of Japanese anthologies were published, in the 1910s. There is, however, no linguistic connection between the haiku and Spanish-speaking poets. Nevertheless, the first collections of haikus also date back to the 1910s, which indicates that there was no latency between the appearance of the haiku and its adaptation into Spanish. Starting from these observations, we attempted, through a multi-focal approach notably based on literal analysis, to retrace this poetic form's literary and linguistic path, from the Japanese rice paper rolls to the so-called "Hispanic" haiku
Vincent, Manon. "Les animaux dans la littérature hellénistique". Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040225.
Texto completoOur study focuses on animals in Hellenistic literature. We deliberately chose to work on a large text corpus in order to highlight the multiple representations of the animal appearing in the texts of the period. The first part of this study is devoted to animal imagery through which the authors describe the characters and human qualities, exposing, to a lesser extent, the analogue relationship between animals. The second part aims to show existing relationships, symbolic or real, between man and animal. The staging of the animals in the story reflects thepractices and ways of thinking of the Hellenistic society towards the animal. The last part of this study presents the attempts to objectify the behaviours and qualities of the animal. In that sense, it shows the rise of philosophical schools and sciences of the period by the philosophical and didactic approach to animal nature. In texts, Hellenistic thought reveals the continual tension between belief and knowledge, between cultural representations and "scientific data" of the animal. If the authors conceive man as belonging to the animal biological continuum, they stand out by the assertion of their superiority in an intellective perspective