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XU, DONG-XIAN, SYLVAIN G. RAZAFIMANDIMBISON y ZHU-QIU SONG. "Mycetia griffithii, a new name for Mycetia angustifolia (Hook.f.) Razafim. & B.Bremer (Rubiaceae)". Phytotaxa 252, n.º 3 (14 de marzo de 2016): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.3.6.
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Myrioneuron R. Brown ex J. D. Hooker in Bentham & Hooker (1873: 69) comprises about eight species of the family Rubiaceae and it is distributed in East Himalaya to South China (Govaerts et al. 2011). Although it was occasionally treated as a synonym of Mycetia Reinwardt (1825: 9) (Bakhuizen 1975) or Keenania J. D. Hooker (1880: 101) (Van Steenis 1987, Robbrecht 1988), most botanists accepted it as a distinct genus (Kurz 1877, Hooker 1880, Schumann 1891, Pitard 1923, Merrill 1942, Bremekamp 1952, Deb 1996, Lo 1999, Wright 1999, Kress et al. 2003; Chen & Taylor 2011, Govaerts et al. 2011). Most recently, however, a molecular phylogenetic study revealed that Myrioneuron and Mycetia are non-monophyletic and intermixed, and therefore both taxa were combined to represent a monophyletic genus and Mycetia was accepted as its generic name (Ginter et al. 2015). In the study, they published nine new combinations, including Mycetia angustifolia (J. D. Hooker 1880: 97) Razafim. & B. Bremer in Ginter et al. (2015: 293). However, this name is illegitimate because it is a later homonym of Mycetia angustifolia Ridley (1923: 68), in accordance with Article 53.1 of the ICN (McNeil et al. 2012).
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Ya, Ji-Dong, Yong-Jie Guo, Cheng Liu, Jie Cai, Gui-Jun Dong, Hong Jiang y De-Zhu Li. "Bulbophyllum reflexipetalum (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Malaxideae), a new species from Xizang, China". PhytoKeys 130 (29 de agosto de 2019): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.130.34153.
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Bulbophyllum reflexipetalum, a new species from Motuo County, Southeast Xizang, China, is described and illustrated here. This new species belongs to Bulbophyllum sect. Umbellata Bentham & J. D. Hooker, and it is morphologically similar to B. umbellatum Lindley, B. guttulatum (J. D. Hooker) N. P. Balakrishnan and B. salweenensis X.H. Jin, but is distinguished from them by having reflexed petals, base of dorsal sepal with 1 dentate on each side, lip with significantly revolute margin, adaxially with dark brown spots or patches and one longitudinal groove.
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Jia, Ai-Qun, Ning-Hua Tan y Jun Zhou. "Cyclopeptidic Constituents from Arenaria oreophila J. D. Hooker (Caryophyllaceae)". Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 48, n.º 6 (junio de 2006): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7909.2006.00231.x.
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McNamara, Martin. "Paul: A Short Introduction. By Morna D. Hooker". Heythrop Journal 48, n.º 2 (marzo de 2007): 282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2265.2007.00318_5.x.
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Schmid, Rudolf. "Two Spectacular Travelogue Histories: J. D. Hooker versus Sibthorp, Bauer, and Hawkins". Taxon 49, n.º 1 (febrero de 2000): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1223959.
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King, RJ y CF Puttock. "Morphological and taxonomy of Bostrychia and Stictosiphonia (Rhodomelaceae/Rhodophyta)". Australian Systematic Botany 2, n.º 1 (1989): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9890001.
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The genus Bostrychia Montagne s.l. is reassessed. Two genera are recognised. Bostrychia and Stictosiphonia J.D. Hooker et Harvey, differing from eachother by the number of tiers of pericentral cells per axial cell, the mode of cortication and the number of indeterminate axes. These genera are described and keys are provided to all species. Bostrychia consists of 11 species. One of which, B. tenussima R.J. King et Puttock, sp. nov., is newly described from New Zealand and temperate Australia. Detailed descriptions are given for the other six species, B. harveyi, B. moritziana, B. pinnata, B. radicans, B. simpliciuscula and B. tenella, that occur in the Australasian region. Taxonomic notes are provided for the type of species. B. scorpiodes, which is restricted to western Europe, and three lesser known species, B. callipters, B. montahnei and B. pilulifers, from the Central and South American regions. Stictosiphonia is resurrected and emended. This genus consists of six species, two of which have tropical distributions, S. kelanensis (Grunow ex Post) R.J. King et Puttock, comb. nov. (southern and eastern Asia and northern Australia) and S. tangatensis (Post) R.J. King et Puttock, comb. nov. (eastern Africa and northern Australia). The remaining four species, S. hookeri, S. vaga, S. arbuscula (J. D. Hooker et Harvey) R.J. King et Puttock, comb. nov. and S. gracilis R.J. King et Puttock, sp. nov., have a southern Australian, New Zealand or subAntarctic distribution.
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KOTTAIMUTHU, RAMALINGAM. "Second-step lectotypification of the name Capparis parviflora J. D. Hooker & Thomson (Capparaceae)". Phytotaxa 349, n.º 1 (9 de mayo de 2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.349.1.12.
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The genus Capparis Linnaeus (1753: 503) has about 600 species (Zhang & Tucker 2008), distributed in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide and some in temperate regions (Fisci 2015). There are 30 species of Capparis in India (Viswanathan 2000), of these Capparis fusifera Dunn (1914: 377), Capparis grandiflora Wallich ex J. D. Hooker & Thomson (1872: 174), Capparis kollimalayana M.B. Viswanathan (2000: 245), Capparis nilgirinesis Subba Rao, Kumari & V. Chandras. (1981: 146), and Capparis rheedii Candolle (1824: 246) are endemic to Peninsular India (Sundararaghavan, 1993, Singh et al. 2015).
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Khan, Shafqat Ali, Muhammad Ibrar y Barkatullah. "PHARMACOGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF THE LEAF OF Rhus succedanea VAR. HIMALAICA. J. D HOOKER". African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative medicines 13, n.º 6 (29 de septiembre de 2016): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v13i6.16.
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Venkatachalam, Sampath Kumar y SARAVANAM KARTHIKEYAN. "Notes on nomenclature and distribution of some taxa of Piper L. (Piperaceae)". Phytotaxa 167, n.º 2 (9 de mayo de 2014): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.167.2.9.
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The species Piper petiolatum de Candolle (1866: 161) was first described based on specimens collected by J. D. Hooker and T. Thomson from Khasia hills and by W. Griffith (Kew Distribution numbers 4405 & 4410, these numbers were assigned in 1860’s at Kew before distributing the specimens to different herbaria) from East Bengal (present day Bangladesh – however, the labels on the sheets reveal that the Griffith specimens were actually collected from NE India, which is discussed below). Three years later, in A.P. de Candolle’s Prodromus, A.C.P. de Candolle cited these specimens under Chavica petiolata de Candolle (1869: 389), but did not mention his earlier publication of Piper petiolatum nor was the name listed it in the ‘Species e Pipere exclusae’. Eventually, Hooker in Flora of British India (1886: 84) also overlooked that this species name was already published under Piper Linnaeus (1753: 28) by A.C.P. de Candolle and transferred Chavica petiolata to Piper and cited his name as the author made the new combination. However, Hooker observed that the Khasian specimens quoted by A.C.P. de Candolle were actually of Piper thomsonii (de Candolle 1869: 389) Hooker (1886: 87), which was described along with Chavica petiolata. The former species is often treated as a synonym of Piper sylvaticum Roxburgh (1820: 158) (e. g. Long, 1984), although as stated by Gilbert and Nianhe (1999) certain discrepancies exist.
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Chowdhury, Monoranjan y A. P. Das A.P. Das. "Notes on the distribution of Hemarthria longiflora (J. D. Hooker) A. Camus (Poaceae) in the Indian subcontinent". Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, n.º 5 (1 de octubre de 2011): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/may2013/12.
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Van Wely, Annemarie C., Nadar Soltani, Darren E. Robinson, David C. Hooker, Mark B. Lawton y Peter H. Sikkema. "Glyphosate and acetolactate synthase inhibitor resistant common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in southwestern Ontario". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 95, n.º 2 (marzo de 2015): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps-2014-290.
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Van Wely, A. C., Soltani, N., Robinson, D. E., Hooker, D. C., Lawton, M. B. and Sikkema, P. H. 2015. Glyphosate and acetolactate synthase inhibitor resistant common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in southwestern Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 335–338. Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) was found to be resistant to glyphosate in Ontario. Field surveys were conducted from 2011 to 2013 to determine the distribution of glyphosate-resistant (GR) and acetolactate synthase inhibitor resistant common ragweed. GR common ragweed was confirmed in Essex County. All GR populations were found to be resistant to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides.
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Kumar, Vikas. "Rediscovery of Rubus sikkimensis Hook. f. from Northeast India and lectotypification of its name". Turczaninowia 26, n.º 4 (20 de diciembre de 2023): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.26.4.4.
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Rubus sikkimensis Hook. f. is an endemic species of eastern Himalaya, described from Sikkim by J. D. Hooker in 1849. Since then, the species was never collected from India until its rediscovery from Sikkim in 2019 after a gap of 170 years. Another collection from Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh, India, made by the author in 2021, is reported here as a new distributional record. A detailed description of the species with lectotype designation, photographs, and comparison with allied species are provided to facilitate its easy identification.
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Ettinger, Aaron. "Lessons encountered: learning from the long war. Edited by Richard D. Hooker Jr. and Joseph J. Collins". International Affairs 92, n.º 3 (mayo de 2016): 725–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.12619.
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FRYDAY, Alan M. "Nimisia deusta, the correct name for N. fuegiae, with additional notes on morphology, chemical composition, and distribution". Lichenologist 37, n.º 4 (julio de 2005): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282905015239.
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Nimisia deusta, based on Parmelia enteromorpha var. deusta, is shown to be the correct name for the species currently known as N. fuegiae. Original material collected by J. D. Hooker in 1842, and collections made by Henry Imshaug between 1968 and 1971, have shown that the species is more widely distributed than previously reported, being known throughout the southern tip of South America (Argentina: Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, Isla de los Estados; Chile: Cape Horn Islands; Falkland Islands), that it has a uniform secondary metabolite chemistry of fumarprotocetraric acid in the upper medulla (not lacking lichen substances as previously reported), and that it is not uniformly black but has a partly pale brown upper cortex.
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HUANG, RONG-XIN, YI CHEN, BAI-QIU HE, MEI-JUN LI, WEN-KE DONG y XIN-XIANG BAI. "The rediscovery of Impatiens sigmoidea Hook. f. (Balsaminaceae) in Guizhou, China after more than 100 years". Phytotaxa 597, n.º 1 (10 de mayo de 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.597.1.1.
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Impatiens sigmoidea was described in 1908 by the eminent British plant taxonomist J. D. Hooker based on specimens collected by the French missionaries E. M. Bodinier et al. from Guizhou, China. However, there has been no other records since then. After years of concern, we rediscovered I. sigmoidea in one of its type localities, Gao-po Town, in 2018. A revised description, colour photographs and a provisional IUCN Red List assessment of this species are provided, along with discussions of its geographical distribution, ecology and morphological comparison with I. lasiophyton. The lectotype of I. sigmoidea is also designated here. The rediscovery provides an essential basis for enriching the botanical resources of the genus Impatiens.
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Congreves, Katelyn A., Jillian M. Smith, Deanna D. Németh, David C. Hooker y Laura L. Van Eerd. "Soil organic carbon and land use: Processes and potential in Ontario’s long-term agro-ecosystem research sites". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 94, n.º 3 (agosto de 2014): 317–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2013-094.
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Congreves, K. A., Smith, J. M., Németh, D. D., Hooker, D. C. and Van Eerd, L. L. 2014. Soil organic carbon and land use: Processes and potential in Ontario’s long-term agro-ecosystem research sites. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 317–336. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is crucial for maintaining a productive agro-ecosystem. Long-term research must be synthesized to understand the effects of land management on SOC storage and to develop best practices to prevent soil degradation. Therefore, this review compiled an inventory of long-term Ontario studies and assessed SOC storage under common Ontario land management regimes via a meta-analysis and literature review. In general, greater SOC storage occurred in no-till (NT) vs. tillage systems, in crop rotation vs. continuous corn, and in N fertilizer vs. no N fertilizer systems; however, soil texture and perhaps drainage class may determine the effects of tillage. The effect on SOC storage was variable when deeper soil depth ranges (0–45 cm) were considered for NT and rotational cropping, which suggests an unpredictable effect of land management on SOC at depths below the plough layer. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to use the presented inventory of nine long-term research sites and 18 active experiments in Ontario to pursue coordinated studies of long-term land management on SOC at depths extending below the plough layer.
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Putri Tama, Duma, Novri Nelly, Akmal Djamaan, Reflin a y Eka Candra Lina. "BOTANICAL INSECTICIDE NANOEMULSION MADE BY TEPHROSIA VOGELII J. D. HOOKER (LEGUMINOSAE) AND TRIAL TO CABAGE CROCIDOLOMIA PAVONANA F. (LEPIDOPTERA : CRAMBIDAE)". International Journal of Advanced Research 8, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2020): 1044–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/10401.
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Zhou, Nong. "Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Boschniakia himalaica J. D. Hooker & Thomson (Orobanchaceae), a medicinal species in southwest China". Mitochondrial DNA Part B 4, n.º 2 (3 de julio de 2019): 3064–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2019.1664952.
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MUKHERJEE, PRASANTA KUMAR. "Nomenclatural notes on Piper (Piperaceae) from India III". Phytotaxa 441, n.º 3 (5 de mayo de 2020): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.441.3.3.
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This paper, in continuation of earlier ones (Mukherjee 2017, 2018), deals with the taxonomic studies of the genus Piper Linnaeus (Piperaceae) from India. It includes information on the identity, typification and nomenclature of ten additional species. The results report four new names: Piper courtallensis P. K. Mukh. nom. nov., Piper kurgianum P. K. Mukh. nom.nov, Piper lamarckianum P. K. Mukh. nom. nov., and Piper travancorianum P. K. Mukh. nom. nov. It also deals with the lectotypification and nomenclature of P. argyrophyllum Miquel, P. attenuatum Miquel and P. talbotii C. de Candolle in addition to supersession of previous lectotypification with new ones for P. leptostachyum Miquel and P. peepuloides Roxburgh. Additionally, new synonyms are added for P. obtusistigmum C.de Candolle and P. talbotii C. de Candolle. Identities of P. peepuloides Roxburgh, P. mullesua Don and P. rhytidocarpum J. D. Hooker as distinct species are reasserted. An overall evaluation of their identity and nomenclature including synonyms is included. Necessary explanatory notes are added for each of the species which are dealt alphabetically.
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Tamburic-Ilincic, Lily, Jonathan M. P. Brinkman, Ellen Sparry y David C. Hooker. "Optimizing inputs for winter durum wheat in Ontario". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 95, n.º 2 (marzo de 2015): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-402.
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Tamburic-Ilincic, L., Brinkman, J. M. P., Sparry, E. and Hooker, D. C. 2015. Optimizing inputs for winter durum wheat in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 361–368. Best management practices need to be determined for a new wheat class in Ontario: winter durum. The objectives of this study were to determine optimal nitrogen rates (75, 100, and 125 kg N ha−1), seeding rates (400, 440, and 480 seeds m−2), and fungicide applications on the grain yield, grain protein, and leaf disease control of ‘OAC Amber’ winter wheat durum at five field locations in Ontario. Seeding rates between 400 and 480 seeds m−2 did not impact performance. Overall, fungicide applications at flag leaf and flowering increased grain yield by an average of 0.52 Mg ha−1, increased seed weight and test weight, reduced powdery mildew [Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer f. sp. tritici emend. É.J. Marchal] and septoria leaf blotch [Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) J. Schröt.] in the canopy, but decreased grain protein from 128 to 126 g kg−1. Grain yields did not increase with N rates higher than 100 kg N ha−1, and the response to N rate did not depend on the application of fungicides. Grain protein concentrations increased with N rates up to 125 kg N ha−1, which was the highest N rate investigated in this study. An economic analysis is needed to determine the impact of agronomic management strategies specific to winter durum wheat in Ontario.
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Mamat, Ismail. "The Impact of Islam on The Concept of Government of The Sultanate of Malacca During The 15th Century". UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies 5, n.º 3 (31 de octubre de 2018): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/umran2018.5n3.244.
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This article attempts to look at the impact of Islamization process on the Sultanate of Malacca during the 15th century. Islam has offered civilizational life for the Malays. Malacca grew from an unknown place during the pre-Islamic period to become one of the well-known centres of Islamic religion and culture in the region. Islam has changed the status of Malacca after reducing its pre-Islamic customs and ways of life. The importance of the Malay Sultanate of Malacca has been well-documented and much has been written about it by many authors either by Malaysians such as Buyong Adi1, Kernal Singh Sandhu, Mohd Jamil Mukmin, Mohd Taib Osman, Muhammad Yusoff Hashim, Abu Hassan Sham, Khoo Kay Kim, and Joginder Singh Jessy, and Zubir Usman, or by the non-Malaysians including R. O. Winstedt, R. J. Wilkinson, Walter William Skeat, C. O. Blagden, Paul Wheatley, D. G. Hall, F. J. Moorhead, J. Bantin and R. Roolvink, J. Kennedy, John Bastin, Liang Liji, M. B. Hooker, Nicholas Tarling, Paul Wheatley, Sarnia Hayes Hoyt, T. W. Arnold, W. P. Groeneveldt, Christoper H. Wake, P. E. de Josselin de Jong and H. L. A van Wijk, Robert W. McRoberts, and Wang Gangwu. They wrote on various genres of literature and culture of the Malays as well as the history of the Sultanate. However, some of them especially the orientalists, because of their adoption of various Western social theories, this application of such theory to the sultanate or the Malay society yield untenable results. We shall argue some of whom tend to regard Islam as unimportant in shaping the Malay worldview, society and identity. This article will emphasize the civilizational significance of the Islamic impact by looking at the system of political authority and the concept of government of the Sultanate.
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Abizar, Muhamad y Djoko Prijono. "AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA EKSTRAK DAUN DAN BIJI TEPHROSIA VOGELII J. D. HOOKER (LEGUMINOSAE) DAN EKSTRAK BUAH PIPER CUBEBA L. (PIPERACEAE) TERHADAP LARVA CROCIDOLOMIA PAVONANA (F.) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE)". Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 10, n.º 1 (5 de enero de 2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.1101-12.
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Insecticidal activity of leaf and seed extracts of Tephrosia vogelii J. D. Hooker (Leguminosae) and fruit extract of Piper cubeba L. (Piperaceae) on the cabbage head caterpillar, Crocidolomia pavonana (L.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Ethyl acetate leaf and seed extracts of Tephrosia vogelii and a solid fraction of ethyl acetate fruit extract of Piper cubeba were evaluated for their insecticidal activity on second-instar larvae Crocidolomia pavonana by a leaf-residue feeding method in the laboratory. Leaf extracts of purple and white-flowered T. vogelii showed the same pattern of component separation on silica gel TLC plate (Rf between 0.21 and 0.94), and likewise the separation of components of seed extracts of purple and white-flowered T. vogelii (Rf between 0.31 and 0.96). All four kinds of T. vogelii extracts showed intense UV-absorbing nonpolar spots (Rf > 0.8). Based on LC50 ratio at day 4, leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii (LC50 0.075%) was 4.30, 2.70, 2.21, and 1.64 times more toxic than fruit extract of P. cubeba, seed extract of white-flowered T. vogelii, seed extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii, and leaf extract of white-flowered T. vogelii, respectively. All T. vogelii extracts were more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than P. cubeba fruit extract. At LC95 level, a mixture of leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii and fruit extract of P. cubeba (5:9, w/w) was more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than each extract tested separately. This extract mixture had synergistic joint action against C. pavonana larvae both at LC50 and LC95 level. Thus, leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii and its mixture with P. cubeba fruit extract are promising to be used for controlling C. pavonana.
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Walsh, Kimberly D., Nader Soltani, David C. Hooker, Robert E. Nurse y Peter H. Sikkema. "Biologically effective rate of sulfentrazone applied pre-emergence in soybean". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 95, n.º 2 (marzo de 2015): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps-2014-264.
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Walsh, K. D., Soltani, N., Hooker, D. C., Nurse, R. E. and Sikkema, P. H. 2015. Biologically effective rate of sulfentrazone applied pre-emergence in soybean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 339–344. Sulfentrazone is a protoporphyrinogen (PPO)-inhibiting herbicide under evaluation for use in soybean in Ontario, Canada. The primary objective of this study was to determine the dose of sulfentrazone applied pre-emergence (PRE) needed to provide 50 and 90% control of redroot pigweed, common ragweed, common lambsquarters and green foxtail. Seven field trials were conducted over a 3-yr period (2007, 2008 and 2009) in southwestern Ontario to evaluate the efficacy of sulfentrazone applied PRE at doses ranging from 26 to 1120 g a.i. ha−1. The doses of sulfentrazone applied PRE to reduce redroot pigweed, common ragweed, common lambsquarters and green foxtail dry weight by 50% were 104, 139, 15 and 65 g a.i. ha−1; doses of 241, 514, 133 and 721 g a.i. ha−1 of sulfentrazone were required for 90% reduction in above-ground biomass of those weed species, respectively. Sulfentrazone applied PRE caused soybean injury only at 560 and 1120 g a.i. ha−1, with 6 and 13% soybean injury at 4 wk after herbicide application (WAT), respectively. Weed control provided by sulfentrazone applied PRE at a dose of 600 g a.i. ha−1 was sufficient to maintain 90% of the soybean yield compared with the weed-free control. Therefore, PRE application of sulfentrazone has the potential to provide excellent (>90%) control of selected weeds with minimal to no crop injury; however, weed control varied by species, and thus broad spectrum weed control is not feasible using sulfentrazone alone.
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Van Eerd, Laura L., Katelyn A. Congreves, Adam Hayes, Anne Verhallen y David C. Hooker. "Long-term tillage and crop rotation effects on soil quality, organic carbon, and total nitrogen". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 94, n.º 3 (agosto de 2014): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2013-093.
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Van Eerd, L. L., Congreves, K. A., Hayes, A., Verhallen, A. and Hooker, D. C. 2014. Long-term tillage and crop rotation effects on soil quality, organic carbon, and total nitrogen. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 303–315. Long-term studies allow for quantification of the effects of crop production practices, such as tillage and crop rotation, on soil quality and soil C and N stores. In two experiments at Ridgetown, ON, we evaluated the long-term (11 and 15 yr) effect of tillage system and crop rotation on soil quality via the Cornell Soil Health Assessment (CSHA) at 0–15 cm and soil organic C (SOC) and total N at 5-, 10-, and 20-cm increments to 120 cm depth. The CSHA soil quality score and SOC and total N were higher with no-till (NT) than fall moldboard plough with spring cultivation (conventional tillage, CT) and rotations with winter wheat [soybean–winter wheat (S-W) and soybean–winter wheat–corn (S-W-C)] compared with rotations without winter wheat. In both long-term trials, NT had ca. 21 Mg ha−1more or 14% higher SOC than CT in the 0- to 100-cm soil profile, a trend which contrasts previous research in eastern Canada. Thus, the two long-term trial results at Ridgetown suggest that to improve soil quality and storage of C and N, growers on clay loam soil in southwestern Ontario should consider adopting NT production practices and including winter wheat in the rotation.
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Gonzalez, M. "First Report of Virulence in Argentine Populations of Puccinia sorghi to Rp Resistance Genes in Corn". Plant Disease 84, n.º 8 (agosto de 2000): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.8.921a.
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Common rust (Puccinia sorghi) is a chronic disease of corn (Zea mays L.) in Argentina. Factors contributing to the disease include relatively susceptible germ plasm, planting late in the season, and variability within populations of P. sorghi. Several genes for race-specific resistance to common rust (i.e., Rp genes) were identified based on virulence in populations of P. sorghi in the United States (1). The objective of this research was to examine the virulence of Argentine populations of P. sorghi against 24 alleles at four Rp loci that condition race-specific resistance to common rust. Rp genes in an R168-inbred background were planted in trials at two locations in the central corn belt of Argentina. In the 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1999-2000 seasons, trials were planted in Pergamino (Province of Buenos Aires). In the 1998-99 season, the trial was planted in Zavalla (Province of Santa Fe). Plants were exposed to naturally occurring local populations of P. sorghi. About 3 to 4 weeks after anthesis, rust severity (percentage of leaf tissue with uredinia) and infection type were rated for all plants. Four categories of infection type were: 1—no rust, necrotic or chlorotic flecks, 2—small uredinia with or without necrotic flecks, 3—large uredinia, and 4—large uredinia with banding. Three lines with Rp genes (Rp1-N, Rp3-A, and Rp3-C) had infection type 1 with necrotic flecks and severity of 0%. Lines with other Rp genes (Rp1-A, Rp1-B, Rp1-C, Rp1-D, Rp1-E, Rp1-F, Rp1-G, Rp1-H, Rp1-I, Rp1-J, Rp1-K, Rp1-M, Rp1-N, Rp3-A, Rp3-B, Rp3-C, Rp3-D, Rp3-E, Rp4-A, Rp4-B, and Rp5) had infection types 2 to 4 and severity ranged from 5 to 35%. Severity was affected by the virulence of the populations and the environmental conditions in each trial. These results are evidence of a wide spectrum of virulence in P. sorghi populations in Argentina. Reference: (1) W. Hagan and A. Hooker. Phytopathology 55:193, 1965.
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Colombijn, Freek, Hisao Furukawa, C. Dijk, Virginia Matheson Hooker, M. R. Fernando, Frans Baardewijk, Bernice D. Jong Boers et al. "Book Reviews". Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 151, n.º 2 (1995): 294–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003052.
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- Freek Colombijn, Hisao Furukawa, Coastal wetlands of Indonesia; Environment, subsistence and exploitation. Translated by Peter Hawkes. Kyoto: Kyoto University Press, 1994, vii + 219 pp., tables, figures, index. - C. van Dijk, Virginia Matheson Hooker, Culture and society in New Order Indonesia, Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1993, xxiii + 302 pp. - M.R. Fernando, Frans van Baardewijk, The cultivation system, Java 1834-1880, Changing Economy in Indonesia 14. Amsterdam: Royal Tropical Institute, 1993, 327 pp. - Bernice D. de Jong Boers, Jacqueline Vel, The Uma-economy; Indigenous economics and development work in Lawonda, Sumba (Eastern Indonesia). PhD thesis Landbouwuniversiteit Wageningen, 1994, viii + 283 pp. Maps, tables, photographs, glossary. - Marijke J. Klokke, Lydia Kieven, Arjunas Askese; Ihre Darstellung im altjavanischen Arjunawiwaha und auf ausgewählten ostjavanischen Reliefs. Kölner Südostasien Studien Bd. 2. Bonn: Holos, 1994, 154 pp. - Marijke J. Klokke, Edi Sedyawati, Ganesa statuary of the Kadiri and Sinhasari periods; A study of art history. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 160. Leiden: KITLV Press 1994. - Gijs Koster, Annabel Teh Gallop, The legacy of the Malay letter - Warisan warkah Melayu. With an essay by E. Ulrich Kratz. London: British Library for the National Archives of Malaysia, 1994, 240 pp. - Stephen Markel, Marijke J. Klokke, Ancient Indonesian Sculpture, Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 165. Leiden: KITLV Press 1994, vii + 210 pp., Pauline Lunsingh Scheurleer (eds.) - Anke Niehof, Ingrid Rudie, Visible women in East coast Malay society; On the reproduction of gender in ceremonial, school and market. Oslo: Scandinavian University Press, 1994, xi + 337 pp. - Peter Pels, Nicholas Thomas, Colonialism’s culture; Anthropology, travel and government. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1994, xi + 238 pp. - Peter Pels, Nicholas B. Dirks, Colonialism and culture. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992, xiv + 402 pp. - Anton Ploeg, Roger M. Keesing, Custom and confrontation; The Kwaio struggle for cultural autonomy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992, x + 254 pp. - M.C. Ricklefs, Vincent J.H. Houben, Kraton and Kumpeni: Surakarta and Yogyakarta 1830-1870. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 164. Leiden: KITLV Press, vii + 396 pp.
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Chen, Xin, Hai He y Li-Bing Zhang. "A monograph of the Anisophylleaceae (Cucurbitales) with description of 18 new species of Anisophyllea". Phytotaxa 229, n.º 1 (2 de octubre de 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.229.1.1.
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A monographic study of the family Anisophylleaceae in the order Cucurbitales was carried out. Four genera, Anisophyllea (67 spp.), Combretocarpus (1 sp.), Poga (1 sp.), and Polygonanthus (2 spp.), and together 71 species are recognized, of which 18 are described as new. The 18 new species are all in Anisophyllea and include A. bakoensis, A. biokoensis, A. borneensis, A. cuneata, A. dinghoui, A. glandibeccariana, A. glandulipetiolata, A. insularis, A. malayensis, A. myriostictoides, A. neopurpurascens, A. obanica, A. rengamensis, A. rubroglandula, A. sabahensis, A. sarawakensis, A. sessiliflora, and A. sumatrana. Keys to the genera and to species of Anisophyllea and to those of Polygonanthus are provided. All species are described in detail and all but two are illustrated. Information on their distribution and habitat, phenology, and vernacular name and local usage, if available, is given. Distribution map of every species is presented. Taxonomic history, taxonomic characters, and various taxonomic issues are discussed. We also lectotypify or neotypify 30 names in the family including Anisophyllea apetala Scortechini ex King, A. beccariana Baillon, A. boehmii Engler, A. brachystila Engler & von Brehmer, A. buettneri Engler, A. cabole Henriques, A. cordata Engler & von Brehmer, A. curtisii King, A. exellii P. A. Duvigneaud & Dewit, A. fissipetala Engler & von Brehmer, A. fruticulosa Engler & Gilg, A. gaudichaudiana Baillon, A. gossweileri Engler & Brehmer, A. griffithii Oliver, A. guianensis Sandwith, A. mayumbensis Exell, A. meniaudi Aubréville & Pellegrin, A. obtusifolia Engler & Brehmer, A. poggei Engler ex De Wildeman & T. Durand, A. pomifera Engler & Brehmer, A. purpurascens Hutchinson & Dalziel, A. scortechinii King, A. sororia Pierre, A. strychnoides Engler & Brehmer, A. tomentosa Rolfe, A. trapezoidalis Baillon, A. zeylanica Bentham, Combretocarpus motleyi J. D. Hooker, Macrosolen rotundatus Miquel, and Poga oleosa Pierre.
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Chandel, V., V. Hallan y A. A. Zaidi. "Natural Occurrence of a Potyvirus on Murraya koenigii in India". Plant Disease 89, n.º 8 (agosto de 2005): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-0909a.
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Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng., a small, strong-smelling umbrageous tree with subcampanulate white flowers belonging to the family Rutaceae, is native to India and southeastern Asia (2). It is distributed across the Indian subcontinent excluding the higher elevations of the Himalayas. In India, the leaves are mainly used for culinary purposes. The leaves are commonly known as curry leaves or ‘sweet neem’. The whole plant including bark, root, leaves, fruits, and fruit pulp is used medicinally. This plant was reported to be a host of Citrus tristeza virus (1). In a survey of potyvirus incidence in the northwestern Himalaya foothills of the Kangra and Hamirpur districts in the state of Himachal Pradesh in 2004, M. koenigii plants showing mosaic symptoms on leaves, typical of a virus infection, were frequently observed. Symptomatic leaves were tested for the presence of several viruses using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with specific antibodies. Positive results were obtained with potyvirus group specific antibodies (Agdia, Elkhardt, IN) in triplicate analyses of 5 of 15 leaf samples tested. To further identify the infecting virus, RNA from plants was tested using universal potyvirus primer pair P9502 and CPUP (3) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to amplify a genome fragment encoding portions of the coat protein and the 3′UTR (3). An amplification product of the expected size (~800 bp) was obtained. The product was cloned into the pGem-T easy vector (Promega, Madison, WI), and three clones were sequenced. The sequence (GenBank Accession No. AJ852504) had 92% identity to Chili vein banding mottle virus, a potyvirus infecting pepper reported from Thailand (GenBank Accession No. U72193). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a potyvirus naturally occurring on a Murraya sp. References: (1) K. Balaram and K. Ramakrishnan. Curr. Sci. 48:453, 1979. (2) J. D. Hooker. Flora British India 1:502, 1875. (3) R. A. A. van der Vlugt et al. Phytopathology. 89:148, 1999.
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Noltie, H. J. "Notes relating to the Flora of Bhutan: XXIV. Juncaceae". Edinburgh Journal of Botany 51, n.º 2 (julio de 1994): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428600000822.
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The following new taxa, combinations and synonymy in the genus Juncus from E Himalaya and SW China are proposed: J. bryophilus Noltie sp. nov.; J. spumosus Noltie sp. nov.; J. glaucoturgidus Noltie sp. nov.; J. hydrophilus Noltie sp. nov.; J. longiflorus (A. Camus) Noltie comb. & stat. nov.; J. duthiei (C.B. Clarke) Noltie comb. nov. of which the following are synonyms: J. rohtangensis Aswal & Goel, J. sikkimensis Hook.f. var. monocephalus Hook.f. and J. harae Miyam. & H. Ohba; J. bhutanensis Satake is reduced to synonymy of J leucomelas Royle ex D. Don, J. pseudocastaneus (Lingelsh.) Sam. to that of J. sikkimensis; J. tratangensis Satake to that of J. ochraceus Buchenau, J. unifolius A.M. Lu & Z.Y. Zhang to that of J. minimus Buchenau; J. phaeocarpus A.M. Lu & Z.Y. Zhang to that of J. grisebachii Buchenau; J. longibracteatus A.M. Lu & Z.Y. Zhang to that of J. kingii Rendle; J. luteocarpus Satake, the illegitimate J. albescens Satake and J. yoskisukei Goel to that of J. concinnus D. Don and J. bracteatus Buchenau to that of, J. benghalensis Kunth.J. perpusillus Sam. is reported new to Sikkim and Nepal; J. amplifolius A. Camus new to Bhutan, Sikkim and Nepal; J. trichophyllus W.W. Sm. new to Nepal and Bhutan; J. nepalicus Miyam. & H. Ohba new to Sikkim. J. uniflorus W.W. Sm. is lectotypified. Notes on J. spectabilis Rendle and J. biglumoides Hara are given.
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Hicks, Barry. "Instant Notes in Biochemistry by B. D. Hames, N. M. Hooper & J. D. Houghton". Chemical Educator 3, n.º 2 (abril de 1998): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00897980195a.
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Gorga, Frank R. "Instant Notes in Biochemistry by B. D. Hames, N. M. Hooper and J. D. Houghton". Chemical Educator 3, n.º 4 (agosto de 1998): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00897980226a.
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Maciaszek, Joseph W., Salvatore J. Coniglio, David A. Talmage y Gregory A. Viglianti. "Retinoid-Induced Repression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Core Promoter Activity Inhibits Virus Replication". Journal of Virology 72, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 1998): 5862–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.7.5862-5869.1998.
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ABSTRACT The rates of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), progression to AIDS following HIV-1 infection, and AIDS-associated mortality are all inversely correlated with serum vitamin A levels (R. D. Semba, W. T. Caiaffa, N. M. H. Graham, S. Cohn, and D. Vlahov, J. Infect. Dis. 171:1196–1202, 1995; R. D. Semba, N. M. H. Graham, W. T. Caiaffa, J. B. Margolik, L. Clement, and D. Vlahov, Arch. Intern. Med. 153:2149–2154, 1993; R. D. Semba, P. G. Miotti, J. D. Chiphangwi, A. J. Saah, J. K. Canner, G. A. Dallabetta, and D. R. Hoover, Lancet 343:1593–1596, 1994). Here we show that physiological concentrations of vitamin A, as retinol or as its metabolite, all-trans retinoic acid, repressed HIV-1Ba-L replication in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Repression required retinoid treatment of peripheral monocytes during their in vitro differentiation into MDMs. Retinoids had no repressive effect if they were added after virus infection. Retinol, as well as all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cisretinoic acid, also repressed HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-directed expression up to 200-fold in transfected THP-1 monocytes. Analysis of HIV-1 LTR deletion mutants demonstrated that retinoids were able to repress activation of HIV-1 expression by both NF-κB and Tat. Acis-acting sequence required for retinoid-mediated repression of HIV-1 transcription was localized between nucleotides −51 and +12 of the HIV-1 LTR within the core promoter. Protein-DNA cross-linking experiments identified four proteins specific to retinoid-treated cells that bound to the core promoter. We conclude that retinoids render macrophages resistant to virus replication by modulating the interaction of cellular transcription factors with the viral core promoter.
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Calci, Kevin R., Gloria K. Meade, Robert C. Tezloff y David H. Kingsley. "High-Pressure Inactivation of Hepatitis A Virus within Oysters". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, n.º 1 (enero de 2005): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.1.339-343.2005.
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ABSTRACT Previous results demonstrated that hepatitis A virus (HAV) could be inactivated by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) (D. H. Kingsley, D. Hoover, E. Papafragkou, and G. P. Richards, J. Food Prot. 65:1605-1609, 2002); however, direct evaluation of HAV inactivation within contaminated oysters was not performed. In this study, we report confirmation that HAV within contaminated shellfish is inactivated by HHP. Shellfish were initially contaminated with HAV by using a flowthrough system. PFU reductions of >1, >2, and >3 log10 were observed for 1-min treatments at 350, 375, and 400 megapascals, respectively, within a temperature range of 8.7 to 10.3�C. Bioconcentration of nearly 6 log10 PFU of HAV per oyster was achieved under simulated natural conditions. These results suggest that HHP treatment of raw shellfish will be a viable strategy for the reduction of infectious HAV.
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Zahm, J. M., D. Gaillard, F. Dupuit, J. Hinnrasky, D. Porteous, J. R. Dorin y E. Puchelle. "Early alterations in airway mucociliary clearance and inflammation of the lamina propria in CF mice". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 272, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 1997): C853—C859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1997.272.3.c853.
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In cystic fibrosis (CF), whether cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction leads to decreased mucociliary clearance and mucus hypersecretion, before bacterial infection, remains an open question. To answer this question, we quantified in a blind trial the mucociliary transport velocity, the histological state, and the degree of inflammation of the tracheal mucosa in 23 cftr(m1HGU/cftr(m1HGU) transgenic mice (Dorin, J. R., P. Dickinson, E. W. F. W. Alton, S. N. Smith, D. M. Geddes, B. J. Stevenson, W. L. Kimber, S. Fleming, A. R. Clark, M. L. Hooper, L. Anderson, R. S. P. Beddington, and D. J. Porteous. Nature Lond. 359: 211-215, 1992) and in 30 control littermates housed in pathogen-free conditions. The nasal and tracheal transepithelial potential difference (PD) measured in basal conditions was significantly more negative in the cftr(m1HGU) mutant mice as compared with the control mice (nasal PD: -7.1 +/- 0.6 and -4.6 +/- 0.5 mV, respectively, P < 0.01; tracheal PD: -30.8 +/- 2.1 and -21.4 +/- 1.8 mV, respectively, P < 0.04). In the cftr(m1HGU)/cftr(m1HGU) mice, the mucociliary transport velocity was significantly lower (14.2 +/- 4.4 microm/mm, P < 0.04) compared with the control mice (30.6 +/- 5.9 microm/mm). The number of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria was significantly higher in the cftr(m1HGU)/cftr(m1HGU) mice (1048.7 +/- 124.7 cells/mm2, P < 0.03) compared with the control mice (640.5 +/- 58.2 cells/mm2). These results suggest that in CF, decreased airway mucociliary clearance and airway submucosal inflammation represent early alterations, before any airway infection.
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Bergmann, David J., James A. Zahn, Alan B. Hooper y Alan A. DiSpirito. "Cytochrome P460 Genes from the MethanotrophMethylococcus capsulatus Bath". Journal of Bacteriology 180, n.º 24 (15 de diciembre de 1998): 6440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.24.6440-6445.1998.
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ABSTRACT P460 cytochromes catalyze the oxidation of hydroxylamine to nitrite. They have been isolated from the ammonia-oxidizing bacteriumNitrosomonas europaea (R. H. Erickson and A. B. Hooper, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 275:231–244, 1972) and the methane-oxidizing bacterium Methylococcus capsulatus Bath (J. A. Zahn et al., J. Bacteriol. 176:5879–5887, 1994). A degenerate oligonucleotide probe was synthesized based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of cytochrome P460 and used to identify a DNA fragment from M. capsulatus Bath that containscyp, the gene encoding cytochrome P460. cyp is part of a gene cluster that contains three open reading frames (ORFs), the first predicted to encode a 59,000-Da membrane-bound polypeptide, the second predicted to encode a 12,000-Da periplasmic protein, and the third (cyp) encoding cytochrome P460. The products of the first two ORFs have no apparent similarity to any proteins in the GenBank database. The overall sequence similarity of the P460 cytochromes from M. capsulatus Bath and N. europaea was low (24.3% of residues identical), although short regions of conserved residues are present in the two proteins. Both cytochromes have a C-terminal, c-heme binding motif (CXXCH) and a conserved lysine residue (K61) that may provide an additional covalent cross-link to the heme (D. M. Arciero and A. B. Hooper, FEBS Lett. 410:457–460, 1997). Gene probing usingcyp indicated that a cytochrome P460 similar to that fromM. capsulatus Bath may be present in the type II methanotrophs Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b andMethylocystis parvus OBBP but not in the type I methanotrophs Methylobacter marinus A45,Methylomicrobium albus BG8, and Methylomonassp. strains MN and MM2. Immunoblot analysis with antibodies against cytochrome P460 from M. capsulatus Bath indicated that the expression level of cytochrome P460 was not affected either by expression of the two different methane monooxygenases or by addition of ammonia to the culture medium.
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Kamei, David. "Benefit: Cost Ratio (BCR) analysis of Botanical extracts against Brown spot disease of rice caused by Helminthosporium oryzae (Breda de Haan)". Journal of Advanced Agriculture & Horticulture Research 1, n.º 1 (16 de noviembre de 2021): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.55124/jahr.v1i1.139.
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Many investigations has been done on the efficacy of botanicals against various pest and diseases of crops but there is paucity of information on benefit cost ratio of their application. In the present study five indigenous botanicals extracts of Solanum incanum, Allium hookerii, Mariandra benghalensis and Flogacanthus thyrsiflorus, the indigenous plants of Manipur have been used against the brown spot disease of rice caused by Helminthosporium oryzae. The analysis of benefit cost ratio (BCR) recorded maximum value of BCR in Millettia pachycarpa (1.45:1) followed by Solanum incanum (1.36:1), Allium hookerii (1.33:1), Mariandra benghalensis (1.30:1) and Flogacanthus thyrsiflorus (1.26:1) and in Control (1.13:1). It was found that in treatment M. Pachycarpa an investment of Re.1.00 will generate a gross income of Rs.1.45 or net return (Rs.0.45) and net return for following treatment S. incanum (Rs. 0.36), A. hookerii (Rs.0.33), M. Benghalensis (Rs. 0.30) and F. thyrsiflorus (0.26) as compared to low net return in Control (Rs.0.13). References 1.Arivudainambi, S.; Selvamuthukumaran, T.; Baskaran, P Efficacy of herbal extracts in management of amaranth leaf caterpillar. Int.J.Veg.Sci. 2010, 16: 167-173. Aziz, M.A.; UI Hasan, M.; Ali, A.; Iqbal, J Comparative efficacy of different strategies for management of spotted bollworms, Earias spp .on Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L). Moench. Pak. J. Zool. 2012, 44: 1203-1208. Bedi, K.S.; and Gill, H.S. Losses caused by the brown leaf spot disease in the Punjab. Indian Phytopath . 1960, 13: 161-164. Blankson, W.; Amoabeng, Geoff M. Gurr.; Catherine W. Gitau.; Philip C. Stevenson Cost: benefit analysis of botanical insecticide use in cabbage: Implications for small holder farmers in developing countries. Crop Protection. 2014, 57: 71-76. Datnoff E. L.; and Lentini, S. Richard Brown spot in Florida Rice. 1994, 128 Devi. O.; Jitendiya. D and Chhetry, G.K.N Evaluation of antifungal properties of certain plants against Drechlera oryzae causing brown leaf spot of rice in Manipur valley, Int.J.of Scientific & Res.Publications. 2013, 3(5) 1-3. Chavan, R.T.; Deshmukh, V.L and Kadam, A.S Antibacterial activity of Cassia toria leaves. Recent Research in Science and Technology. 2011, 3(5): 12-14. Gaichui, G Studies on efficacy of plant extracts and used of panchagavya against wilt disease of Chilli caused by Fusarium oxysporum, M.Sc.(Agri.) Thesis submitted to COA, CAU, Imphal. 2008, 54-65. Khalili, E.; Sadravi, M.; Naeimi, S. and Khosravi,V Biological control of rice brown spot with native isolates of three Trichoderma species. Braz. J. Microbiol. 2012, 43: 297-305. Khus, N Assessment of organic and inorganic fertilization and plant density on production potential of rice-rice- cropping system. Madras Agric. J. 2011, 85 (12): 604-607. Oerke, E. C., Dehne D. W., Schonbeck F and Weber A Crop production and crop protection: estimated losses in major food and cash crops. Elsevier Hardcover, Amsterdam. 1994, 830. Pundir, R. K and Jain, P. Comparative studies on the antimicrobial activity of black paper (Piper nigrum) and turmeric (Curcumalonga) extracts. Int. J. of Applied Bio. and Pharmaceutical Techno. 2010, 1(2): 491-501. Shabozoi, N.U.K.; Abro, G.H.; Syed, T.S and Awan, M.S Economic appraisal of pest management options in Okra. Pak. J. Zool. 2011, 43: 869-878. Reddy,V.R.; Reddy, P.P and Kumar, U.H Ecological and economic aspects of shrimp farming in Andhra Pradesh, Indian Journal of agriculture Economics. 2004, 20(1): 435. R.S. Singh. Plant Diseases. 2005. Oxford publisher. Sunder, S.; Singh, R.; Dodan, D.S and Mehla, D.S Effect of different nitrogen levels on brown spot (Drechslera oryzae) of rice and its management through host resistance and fungicides. Pl. Dis.Res. 2005, 20: 111-114.
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Seberg, O. "Biogeographic congruence in the South Pacific". Australian Systematic Botany 4, n.º 1 (1991): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9910127.
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Ever since J. D. Hooker's famous 'Introductory Essay' to Flora NOVE-Zelandise, a classical problem in biogeography has been to give a casual explanation of southern hemisphere distribution patterns. An attempt is made to see whether the cladograms for the circum-Pacific areas (South America, New Zealand, Tasmania and Australia) are congruent. The area cladograms are derived from Nothofagus (Fagacae), Embothriinae (Protaceae), Oreobolus (Cyperaceae), Cyttaria (Helotiales) and Eriococcidae (Homoptera). The resulting general area cladogram showing southern South America as the sister-area to New Zealand, south-eastern Australia and Tasmania, and Tasmania plus south-eastern Australia as sister-areas to New Zealand are compared with different geological hypotheses for the area. The biological area cladogram is shown to be congruent with widely different geological hypotheses.
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O'Toole, Amanda C., Andy J. Danylchuk, Cory D. Suski y Steven J. Cooke. "Consequences of catch-and-release angling on the physiological status, injury, and immediate mortality of great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda) in The Bahamas". ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, n.º 8 (29 de julio de 2010): 1667–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq090.
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Abstract O'Toole, A. C., Danylchuk, A. J., Suski, C. D., and Cooke, S. J. 2010. Consequences of catch-and-release angling on the physiological status, injury, and immediate mortality of great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda) in The Bahamas. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1667–1675. Great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda) are a common marine predatory fish readily captured by anglers (frequently as incidental bycatch while pursuing other gamefish) and are consequently released at high rates. A study was conducted in coastal waters of The Bahamas to evaluate how common angling techniques influence their physiological status, hooking injury, and immediate mortality. Post-angling blood glucose and plasma sodium levels increased with fight-time duration, though lactate levels increased only with longer blood sampling times. Concentrations of plasma chloride and potassium were not influenced by angling duration. We did not observe any differences in injury, bleeding, hook removal, or hooking depth among three types of artificial lure tested. Most fish were hooked in non-critical areas and experienced minimal or no bleeding at the hook site, so immediate mortality upon landing was negligible. Although great barracuda appear to be fairly resilient to physiological stress and injury associated with catch-and-release angling and immediate mortality was insignificant, they typically reside in habitats where post-release predation is possible. As such, efforts should be made to promote careful handling to ensure high rates of survival.
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Kurppa, Sirpa. "Root parasitic nematodes in nursery plants imported to Finland in 1980". Agricultural and Food Science 57, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 1985): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72197.
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Injurious nematodes were found in 201 of the investigated 670 plant stocks of 42 imported consignments. Infections by quarantine nematodes appeared in 100 stocks of 26 consignments, 15 there of including 3 or more infected plant stocks each. Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp., appeared in 81 stocks, i.e. 12 % of the investigated material. The infections were found in 40 plant species, relatively often in barberry, Berberis sp., and in peony, Paeonia sp.. Among garden roses, 26 out of 167 stocks investigated were infected by root knot nematodes. Root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb) Chitwood & Oteifa, of P. convallariae Seinhorst was found in 28 plant stocks, i.e. 4 % of the investigated material. Several Pratylenchus-infected stocks were found among roses, raspberry and barberry. Potato rot nematode, Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, was found in one rose stock and related D. myceliophagus J. B. Goodey in 12 stocks of various plants. Several ectoparasitic species were found in very low numbers. Virus vectors, Trichodorus primitivus (de Man) Micoletzky and T. viruliferus Hooper, were detected in a total of four stocks, but too few for virus transmission tests. The transmissability ofthe detected nematodes was discussed, and the risks of introduction of nematode pests to the country was re-assessed.
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Neal, Donn. "Maney, The Roosevelt Presence - The Life And Legacy Of FDR". Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 24, n.º 2 (1 de septiembre de 1999): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.24.2.98-99.
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I commend Patrick J. Maney's work to the teacher who is looking for a compact yet thorough treatment of Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal. The Roosevelt Presence is clear, lively, penetrating, and a pleasure to read. It presents a judicious blend of narrative, anecdotes, and analysis, and moves skillfully from personal details to the larger picture and back again. A well-conceived organizational structure and deft transitions--as from the effects of Roosevelt's polio to his resumption of a political career--also show that Maney is a writer of uncommon ability. Moreover, Maney's book is filled with thought-provoking asides (had the voters foreseen the onset of the Great Depression, they probably would have found Herbert Hoover even more appealing}, finely drawn vignettes of key players (Harry Hopkins and Oliver Wendell Holmes), and a recognition that today's readers are far removed from those of Roosevelt's time (identifying Molotov with the "cocktail" that bears his name and noting that the Pan Am Clipper landed on water). More to the point, Maney provides balanced and perceptive analyses of some rather complicated issues, ranging from the nature of Roosevelt's administrative style to the strategic considerations surrounding when and where to open a second front during World War II.
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Karanastasi, E., W. Decraemer, P. E. Kyriakopoulou y R. Neilson. "First Report of the Stubby-Root Nematode Paratrichodorus teres Associated with Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in Greece". Plant Disease 89, n.º 6 (junio de 2005): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-0685a.
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The polyphagous stubby-root nematode species, Paratrichodorus teres (Hooper) Siddiqi, was first described from soil under lettuce near Norwich, UK and subsequently reported from South Africa and the United States, but predominantly from temperate regions within Europe (4). P. teres is one of 13 economically important trichodorid species known to be vectors of Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) (4). Artichokes planted during 2000 in a field located in the Kandia area of the Argolis Region, Greece (37°32′N, 22°56′E) exhibited symptoms of a virus infection. Sampling was done to ascertain the presence of Longidorus fasciatus, a vector of artichoke Italian latent nepovirus known to occur in the area (1,4). In addition to L. fasciatus, an unknown trichodorid species and Tylenchorhyncus sp. were recovered from the root zone of artichoke at a number of sites within the field. Measurements and morphological examination of the female (n = 13, body length = 741.7 ± 25.5 μm, onchiostyle = 43.7 ± 0.8 μm, and position of vulva from anterior region relative to total body length V% = 53.8 ± 0.4 μm) and male (n =1, body length = 720.5 μm, onchiostyle = 43.5 μm, spicule length = 51.7 μm, and number of ventromedian precloacal supplements = 3) trichodorids isolated from soil samples conformed to the original description of P. teres and the generic polytomous key (2). Furthermore, morphological identification was supported by molecular data. DNA was extracted from seven individual trichodorids, each of which were placed into separate 0.5-ml micro-centrifuge tubes containing 20 μl of 0.25 M NaOH and incubated at 25°C overnight. Thereafter, samples were incubated at 99°C for 3 min and 10 μl of 0.25 M HCl, 5 μl of 0.5 M Tris-HCl, (pH 8.0) and 5 μl of 2% Triton X-100 were added to each tube. Samples were incubated at 99°C for a further 3 min and stored at -20°C. Template DNA was amplified using polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for 18S rDNA and sequenced (3). The resultant consensus sequence had 99.8% homology to P. teres populations isolated from Portugal and good homology (95 to 98%) with five other Paratrichodorus spp. listed on public sequence databases, e.g., NCBI GenBank. This constitutes a new geographic record and a possible association of P. teres on artichoke. References: (1) D. J. F. Brown et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 103:501, 1997. (2) W. Decraemer. Fundam. Appl. Nematol. 21:37, 1998. (3) C. M. G. Oliveira et al. J. Nematol. 36:153, 2004. (4) C. E. Taylor and D. J. F. Brown. Nematode Vectors of Plant Viruses, CAB International Mycological Institute, Wallingford, UK, 1997.
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Rafiee, Mohammad. "(Invited) Conceptual Learning of Mechanistic and Synthetic Applications of Electrochemistry". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, n.º 44 (28 de agosto de 2023): 2438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01442438mtgabs.
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Electroorganic chemistry is a multidisciplinary science that bridges the fields of electroanalytical chemistry, material science, and organic chemistry. From a synthetic perspective, its principal aim is to provide an environmentally benign alternative to classic organic synthesis by avoiding wasteful reagents. Controlling the electrochemical parameters, current and potential, allows access to mild reaction conditions as well as highly reactive intermediates and reagents. Moreover, the current flowing through the electrode surface is an easy-to-gauge quantity that offers a unique mechanistic tool for the study of the redox reactions and their coupled chemical reactions. Electroanalytical techniques provide unique mechanistic tools to synthetic chemists for studying reactions involving redox active species. The field has experienced a recent surge among the chemists, however, many of the students and professionals are not trained in electrochemistry and are unfamiliar with these tools and the valuable information they can provide. In this talk, I will present a narrative of our recent progress and attempts on designing laboratory experiments and activities for teaching the concepts of organic electrochemistry. The works will be presented include the following subjects. a) Visualizing the diffusion layer and electrode reaction using electricity driven color change reactions under optical microscope. This work allowed to observe the effect of electrochemical reactions at the electrode surface, measure the thickness of diffusion layer, and demonstrate its correlation with Cottrell equation. b) Conceptual presentation of scan rate dependence of voltammetric currents. The aim of this simulation and activity was convoluting the current−time profiles of cyclic voltammetry, aided in visualization of the changes in concentration profiles and concentration gradients of electroactive compounds at the electrode surface by changing the scan rate of voltammetric experiments. This activity aided students in understanding the scan rate dependence of voltammetric current.1 c) Deriving the Turnover Frequency of electrocatalytic reactions by Chronoamperometry. A laboratory experiment was developed to provide students with an example of how electroanalytical techniques, herein chronoamperometry, can be used for quantitative analysis of a catalytic reaction and for the derivation of the turnover frequency (TOF).2 d) A laboratory experiment on exploring electrosynthesis showcasing electrochemical methoxylation of carbamates. This laboratory experiment deals with voltammetric analysis and constant current bulk electrolysis reaction. The exercise lays a practical and theoretical foundation for electrosynthetic reaction and reaction analysis by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for further connection to organic chemistry skills.3 Khalafi, L.; Cunningham, A. M.; Hoober-Burkhardt, L. E.; Rafiee, M. Why Is Voltammetric Current Scan Rate Dependent? Representation of a Mathematically Dense Concept Using Conceptual Thinking. Chem. Educ. 2021, 98, 3957–3961. Goes, S. L.; Mayer, M. N.; Nutting, J. E.; Hoober-Burkhardt, L. E.; Stahl, S. S.; Rafiee, M. Deriving the Turnover Frequency of Aminoxyl-Catalyzed Alcohol Oxidation by Chronoamperometry: An Introduction to Organic Electrocatalysis. Chem. Educ. 2021, 98, 600–606. Goes, S. L.; Nutting, J. E.; Hill, N. J.; Stahl, S. S.; Rafiee, Exploring Electrosynthesis: Bulk Electrolysis and Cyclic Voltammetry Analysis of the Shono Oxidation. Chem. Educ. 2022, 99, 3242-3248.
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Szczepanek, Jan, Tomasz M. Kardas y Yuriy Stepanenko. "Group Delay measurements of ultrabroadband pulses generated in highly nonlinear fibers". Photonics Letters of Poland 8, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2016): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.2016.4.06.
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Ultra broadband supercontinuum pulses are commonly used as a source of different wavelengths from a wide spectral bandwidth or as a source of very short pulses. However the processes responsible for wide spectral broadening are still under investigation. In this paper we examine the temporal and spectral characteristics of the pulses broadened upon propagation in the highly nonlinear photonics crystal fibers with different dispersion profiles. Generated supercontinuum pulses were experimentally characterized using cross-correlation frequency resolved optical gating technique. Full Text: PDF ReferencesM. Bradler, P. Baum, and E. Riedle, "Femtosecond continuum generation in bulk laser host materials with sub-?J pump pulses", Appl. Phys. B 97, 561 (2009). CrossRef T. M. Kardas, B. Ratajska-Gadomska, W. Gadomski, A. Lapini, and R. Righini, "The role of stimulated Raman scattering in supercontinuum generation in bulk diamond", Opt. Express 21, 24201 (2013). CrossRef A. Brodeur and S. L. Chin, "Band-Gap Dependence of the Ultrafast White-Light Continuum", Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4406 (1998). CrossRef R. R. Alfano, ed., The Supercontinuum Laser Source: Fundamentals with Updated References, 2nd ed (Springer, 2006). DirectLink A. L. Gaeta, Phys. "Catastrophic Collapse of Ultrashort Pulses", Rev. Lett. 84, 3582 (2000). CrossRef J. M. Dudley, G. Genty, and S. Coen, "Supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber", Rev. Mod. Phys. 78, 1135 (2006). CrossRef M. Klimczak, B. Siwicki, P. Skibinski, D. Pysz, R. Stepien, A. Heidt, C. Radzewicz, and R. Buczynski, "Coherent supercontinuum generation up to 2.3 ?m in all-solid soft-glass photonic crystal fibers with flat all-normal dispersion", Opt. Express 22, 18824 (2014). CrossRef D. J. Kane and R. Trebino, "Characterization of arbitrary femtosecond pulses using frequency-resolved optical gating", IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29, 571 (1993). CrossRef J. Dudley, X. Gu, L. Xu, M. Kimmel, E. Zeek, P. O'Shea, R. Trebino, S. Coen, and R. Windeler, "Cross-correlation frequency resolved optical gating analysis of broadband continuum generation in photonic crystal fiber: simulations and experiments", Opt. Express 10, 1215 (2002). CrossRef N. Nishizawa and T. Goto, "Experimental analysis of ultrashort pulse propagation in optical fibers around zero-dispersion region using cross-correlation frequency resolved optical gating", Opt. Express 8, 328 (2001). CrossRef X. Gu, L. Xu, M. Kimmel, E. Zeek, P. O'Shea, A. P. Shreenath, R. Trebino, and R. S. Windeler, "Frequency-resolved optical gating and single-shot spectral measurements reveal fine structure in microstructure-fiber continuum", Opt. Lett. 27, 1174 (2002). CrossRef S. Roy, S. K. Bhadra, and G. P. Agrawal, "Effects of higher-order dispersion on resonant dispersive waves emitted by solitons", Opt. Lett. 34, 2072?2074 (2009). CrossRef S. Bose, S. Roy, R. Chattopadhyay, M. Pal, and S. K. Bhadra, "Experimental and theoretical study of red-shifted solitonic resonant radiation in photonic crystal fibers and generation of radiation seeded Raman soliton", J. Opt. 17, 105506 (2015). CrossRef T. Roger, M. F. Saleh, S. Roy, F. Biancalana, C. Li, and D. Faccio, "High-energy, shock-front-assisted resonant radiation in the normal dispersion regime", Phys. Rev. A 88, (2013). CrossRef G. P. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, Fifth edition (Elsevier/Academic Press, 2013). DirectLink J. Szczepanek, T. Kardas, M. Nejbauer, C. Radzewicz, and Y. Stepanenko, "Simple all-PM-fiber laser system seeded by an all-normal-dispersion oscillator mode-locked with a nonlinear optical loop mirror", Proc. SPIE 9728, 972827 (2016). CrossRef C. Iaconis and I. A. Walmsley, "Self-referencing spectral interferometry for measuring ultrashort optical pulses", IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 35, 501 (1999). CrossRef L. E. Hooper, P. J. Mosley, A. C. Muir, W. J. Wadsworth, and J. C. Knight, "Coherent supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber with all-normal group velocity dispersion", Opt. Express 19, 4902 (2011). CrossRef J. Szczepanek, T. M. Kardas, and Y. Stepanenko, "Sub-160-fs pulses dechriped to its Fourier transform limit generated from the all-normal dispersion fiber oscillator", Optical Society of America Frontiers in Optics conference, FTu3C?2 (2016). CrossRef G. Genty, M. Lehtonen, and H. Ludvigsen, "Effect of cross-phase modulation on supercontinuum generated in microstructured fibers with sub-30 fs pulses", Opt. Express 12, 4614 (2004). CrossRef S. Roy, S. K. Bhadra, K. Saitoh, M. Koshiba, and G. P. Agrawal, "Dynamics of Raman soliton during supercontinuum generation near the zero-dispersion wavelength of optical fibers", Opt. Express 19, 10443 (2011). CrossRef Y. Liu, Y. Zhao, J. Lyngso, S. You, W. L. Wilson, H. Tu, and S. A. Boppart, "Suppressing Short-Term Polarization Noise and Related Spectral Decoherence in All-Normal Dispersion Fiber Supercontinuum Generation", J. Light. Technol. 33, 1814 (2015). CrossRef
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Rodrigues, Pedro Veiga, Bruno Ramoa, Ana Vera Machado, Philip Cardiff y João Miguel Nóbrega. "Assessing the Compressive and Impact Behavior of Plastic Safety Toe Caps through Computational Modelling". Polymers 13, n.º 24 (10 de diciembre de 2021): 4332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13244332.
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Toe caps are one of the most important components in safety footwear, but have a significant contribution to the weight of the shoe. Efforts have been made to replace steel toe caps by polymeric ones, since they are lighter, insulated and insensitive to magnetic fields. Nevertheless, polymeric solutions require larger volumes, which has a negative impact on the shoe’s aesthetics. Therefore, safety footwear manufacturers are pursuing the development of an easy, low-cost and reliable solution to optimize this component. In this work, a solid mechanics toolbox built in the open-source computational library, OpenFOAM®, was used to simulate two laboratory standard tests (15 kN compression and 200 J impact tests). To model the polymeric material behavior, a neo-Hookean hyper-elasto-plastic material law with J2 plastic criteria was employed. A commercially available plastic toe cap was characterized, and the collected data was used for assessment purposes. Close agreements, between experimental and simulated values, were achieved for both tests, with an approximate error of 5.4% and 6.8% for the displacement value in compression and impact test simulations, respectively. The results clearly demonstrate that the employed open-source finite volume computational models offer reliable results and can support the design of toe caps for the R&D footwear industry.
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Silvianti, Fitrilia, Dwi Siswanta, Nurul Hidayat Aprilita y Agung Abadi Kiswandono. "ADSORPTION CHARACTERISTIC OF IRON ONTO POLY[EUGENOL-CO-(DIVINYL BENZENE)] FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION". Jurnal Natural 17, n.º 2 (23 de septiembre de 2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jn.v17i2.8076.
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A study on the adsorption characteristic of Iron onto Poly[eugenol-co-(divinyl benzene)] (EDVB) from aqueous solution has been conducted. EDVB was produced and characterized by using FTIR spectroscopy. The adsorption was studied by a batch method by considering the factors affecting the adsorption such as initial metal ion concentration, adsorption selectivity, and mechanism of adsorption using a sequential desorption method. The adsorption of Iron onto EDVB followed a pseudo-2 order kinetics model with the rate constant of 0,144 L2 mmol-1 min-1. The adsorption isotherm was studied with Tempkin, Langmuir and Freundlich models. The adsorption capacity (Qmax) obtained by Langmuir isotherms was 250mg.L-1 while the equilibrium value was 0.8 Lmg-1. A competitive adsorption study showed that EDVB is adsorbed selectively towards Iron rather than Chromium, Coppers and Cadmium ions. The interaction type of Iron onto EDVB was determined by a sequential desorption.Keywords: Polyeugenol; divinyl benzene (DVB); adsorption; Iron; FeReferencesAbasi, C. Y.; Abia, A.A.; Igwe, J.C. Adsorption of Iron (III), Lead (II) and Cadmium (II) Ions by Unmodified Raphia Palm (Raphia hookeri) Fruit Endocarp. Environ. Res. 2011, 5 (3), 104-113, ISSN: 1994-5396, Medwell Journals. DOI: 10.3923/erj.2011.104.113Baes, F. C.; Mesmer, R. E. The Hydrolisis of Cations; John Wiley: New York, 1976Bakatula, E.N.; Cukrowska, E.M.; Weiersbye, L.; Mihali-Cozmuta, L.;Tutu, H. Removal of toxic elements from aqueous solution using bentonite modified with L-histidine. Water Sci. Technol.2014, 70 (12),2022-2030, DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.450Bhattacharyya, K.G.; Gupta, S.S. Adsorption of Fe(III) from Water by Natural and Acid Activated Clays: Studies on equilibrium isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamics of interactions. Adsorption. 2006, 12 (3), 185-204,DOI : 10.1007/s10450-006-0145-0Carmona, M..; Lucas, A.D.; Valverde, J.L.; Velasco, B.; Rodriguez, J.F. Combined adsorption and ion exchange equilibrium of phenol on Amberlite IRA-420.Chem. Eng. J.2006, 117, 155-160, Doi : 10.1016/j.cej.2005.12.013Debnath, S.; Ghosh, U.C. Kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) adsorption from aqueous solutions by crystalline hydrous titanium oxide. J. Chem. Thermodin. 2008, 40: 67-77, DOI: 10.1016/j.jct.2007.05.014Djunaidi, M.C.; Jumina; Siswanta, D.; Ulbricht, M. Selective Transport of Fe(III) Using Polyeugenol as Functional Polymer with Ionic Imprinted Polymer Membrane Method. Asian J. Chem. 2015, 27 (12): 4553-4562, DOI : 10.14233/ajchem.2015.19228Febriasari, A.; Siswanta, D.; Kiswandono, A.A.; Aprilita, N.H. Evaluation of Phenol Transport Using Polymer Inclusion Membrane (PIM) with Polyeugenol as a Carrier. Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan. 2016, Vol. 11, No. 2, 99-106, DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v11i2.5112Foldesova, M.; Dillinger, P.; Luckac, P. Sorption and Desorption of Fe(III) on Natural and chemically modified zeolite. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 1999, Vol. 242, No. 1 (1999), 227-230, DOI: 10.1007/BF02345926Gupta, V.K.;Sharma, S. Removal of cadmium and zinc from aqueous solutions using mud.Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36: 3612-3617, DOI: 10.1021/es020010vHandayani, D.S. Sintesis kopoli(eugenol-DVB) sulfonat dari Eugenol Komponen Utama Minyak Cengkeh Szygium aromaticum (Synthesis of copoly(eugenol-DVB) sulfonic from main components of eugenol clove oil Szygium aromaticum). Biopharmacy Journal of Pharmacological and Biological Sciences. 2004, 2 (2): 53-57 ISSN: 1693-2242. url : https://eprints.uns.ac.id/id/eprint/856Harimu, L.; Matsjeh, S.; Siswanta, D.; Santosa, S.J. Synthesis of Polyeugenyl Oxyacetic Acid as Carrier to Separate Heavy Metal Ion Fe(III), Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Pb(II) that Using Solvent Extraction Mehod. Indo. J. Chem. 2009, 9 (2): 261-266.Ho, Y.S.; McKay, G. Pseudo-second Order Model for Sorption Processes. Process. Biochem. 1999, 34, 451-465, DOI: 10.1016/S0032-9592(98)00112-5Ho, Y.S.; McKay, G.; Wase, D.A.J.;Forster, C.F. Study of Sorption Divalent Metal Ions on to Peat. Adsorpt. Sci. Technol. 2000, 18: 639-650. DOI : 10.1260/0263617001493693Indah, S.; Helard, D.;Sasmita, A. Utilization of maize husk (Zea mays L.) as low-cost adsorbent in removal of iron from aqueous solution. Water Sci. Technol. 2016, 73 (12), 2929-2935, DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.154Kiswandono, A.A.; Siswanta, D.; Aprilita, N.H.; Santosa, S.J. Transport of Phenol through inclusion polymer membrane (PIM) using copoly(Eugenol-DVB) as membrane carries. Indo .J. Chem. 2012, 12 (2): 105-112. Doi : 10.22146/ijc.667Kousalya, N.; Gandhi, M.R.; Sundaram, C.S.; Meenakshi, S. Synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite chitin/chitosan hybrid bio-composites for the removal of Fe(III).Carbohyd. Polym. 2010, 82: 594-599, DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.05.013Kumar, K.V.; Porkodi, K.;Rocha, F. Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics – A theoretical study, Catalysis Communications. 2008, 9: 82-84, DOI:10.1016/j.catcom.2007.05.019Masel, R.I. Principles Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surface; John Wiley & Sons: Canada, 1996Moore, J. W.; Pearson, R.G. Kinetics and Mechanism Third Edition; John Wiley & Sons: Canada, 1981.Ngah, W.S.W.; Ghani, S.A.; Kamari, A. Adsorption Behaviour of Fe(II) and Fe(III) Ions in Aqueous Solution on Chitosan and Cross-linked Chitosan Beads. Bioresource. Technol. 2005, 96: 443-450. DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2004.05.022Rahim, E.A.; Sanda, F.; Masuda, T. Synthesis and Properties of Novel Eugenol-Based Polymers. Polymer Bulletin. 2004, Vol. 5, 93-100, DOI: 10.1007/s00289-004-0272-2Samarghandi, M.R.; Hadi. M.; Moayedi, M.; Askari, F.B. 2009. Two Parameter Isotherms of Methyl Orange Sorption by Pinecone Derived Activated Carbon. Iran. J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng., 6 (4): 285-294.Setyowati, L. 1998. Pengaruh Penambahan Divinil Benzena (DVB) pada Kopolimerisasi Kationik Poli[eugenol-co-(divinil benzena)] dan Sifat Pertukaran Kation Kopoligaramnya (The Effect of divinylbenzene (DVB) Addition to Eugenol-DVB Cationic Copolymerization and Its Use As Cation-Exchanger), Thesis, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Shi, T.; Jia, S.; Chen, Y.; Wen, Y.; Du, C.; Guo, H.; Wang, Z. Adsorption of Pb(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) onto a vanadium mine tailing from aqueous solution. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 169: 838-846, DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.020Sun, S.;Wang, A. Adsorption Kinetics of Cu(II) Ions Using N,O-Carboxymethyl-Chitosan. J. Hazard. Mater. 2006, B131: 103-111, DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.09.012Sun, S.; Wang, L.;Wang, A. Adsorption Properties of Crosslinked Carboxymethyl-chitosan Resin With Pb(II) as Template Ions. J. Hazard. Mater. 2006, B136: 930-937, DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.01.033Uzun, I.; Guzel, F. Adsorption of Some Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon and Comparison of Percent Adsorption Result of Activated Carbon with those of Some Other Adsorbents. Turk. J. Chem. 2000, 24: 291-297.Zou, X.; Pan, J.; Ou, H.; Wang, X.;Guan, W.; Li, C.; Yan, Y.; Duan, Y. Adsorptive removal of Cr(III) and Fe(III) from aqueous solution by chitosan/attapulgite composites: Equilibrium, thermodynamics and kinetics. Chem. Eng. J. 2011, 167: 112-121, DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2010.12.009
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Dariah, Ai, Fahmuddin Agus, Erni Susanti y Jubaedah. "Relationship between Distance Sampling and Carbon Dioxide Emission under Oil Palm Plantation". JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 18, n.º 2 (10 de junio de 2013): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.v18i2.125-130.
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Carbon dioxide emission on peatland under oil palm plantation were highly varied probably due to many factors involved. The objectives of the research were to evaluate the effect of distance sampling from center of oil palm tree on Carbon dioxide flux, and to study the factors that cause variability of carbon dioxide flux on peatland under oil palm plantation. The study was conducted on peatland at Arang-Arang Village, Kumpek Ulu Sub-District, Muaro Jambi District, Jambi Province, on six year old oil palm plantation. The study was conducted in the form of observational exploratory. Emission measurements performed on 5 selected oil palm trees at points within 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 cm from the center of trunk. Carbon dioxide flux was measured using (IRGA), Li-COR 820. The results showed that there is significant correlation between the distance of sampling from center of oil palm tree and Carbon dioxide flux. The farther distance from the tree, Carbon dioxide flux more decreased. Before applying fertilizer, variability of soil fertility was not significantly correlated with the flux of Carbon dioxide, so the difference of Carbon dioxide flux based on distance sampling can be caused by root distribution factor. After fertilizer application, variability of Carbon dioxide flux under the oil palm tree were beside affected by differences in root distribution, was also greatly influenced by fertilization.Keywords: Carbon dioxide flux, distance sampling, oil palm, peat, root-related respiration [How to Cite: Dariah A, F Agus, E Susanti and Jubaedah. 2013.Relationship between Sampling Distance and Carbon Dioxide Emission under Oil Palm Plantation. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 125-130. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.125][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.125] REFERENCESAgus F, E Handayani, van M Noordwijk, K Idris and S Sabiham. 2010 Root respiration interferes with peat CO2 emission measurement. 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World. 1 - 6 August 2010, Brisbane, Australia. Published on DVD.Amador JA and RD Jones. 1993. Nutrient limitation on microbial respiration in peat soil with diffrent total phosphorus content. Soil Biol Biochem 25: 793-801.Franklin O, P Hoogberg, A Ekbled and GI Agren. 2003. Pine forest floor carbon accumulation in response to N and PK addition: Bomb C-14 modeling and respiration studies. Ecosystem 6: 644-658. Freeman C, N Ostle and H Kang. 2001. An Enzymic ‘latch’ on global carbon store-a shortage of oxigen locks up carbon in peatlands by restraining a single enzyme. Nature 409: 149-149.Hanson PJ, NT Edwards, CT Garten and JA Andrew. 2000. Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration: A review of methods and observations. Biogeochemistry 48: 115-146.Henson IE, and SH Chai. 1997. Analysis of oil palm productivity. II. Biomass, distribution, productivity and turnover of the root system. Elaeis 9: 78-92.Hergoualc’h K and LV Verchot. 2011. Stocks and fluxes of carbon associated with land use change in Southeast Asian tropical peatlands: A review. Glob Biogeochem Cycl 25. doi:10.1029/2009GB003718.Howarth RW and SG Fisher. 1976. Carbon, nitrogen, phosporus dynamic during leaf decay in nutrient-enriched stream microecosystems. Freshwater Biol 6: 221-228.Husen E and F Agus. 2011. Microbial activities as affected by peat dryness ans ameliorant. Am J Environ Sci 7: 348-353.Jauhiainen J, A Hooijer and SE Page. 2012. Carbon dioxide emissions from an Acacia plantation on peatland in Sumatra, Indonesia. Biogeosciences 9: 617–630. DOI:10.5194/bg-9-617-2012.Khalid H, ZZ Zin and JM Anderson. 1999. Quantification of oil palm biomass and nutrient value in mature planttation. II Below-ground biomass. J Oil Palm Res 11: 63-71.Knorr KH, MR Oosterwoud and C Blodau. 2008. Experimental drought alters rates of soil respiration and methanogenesis but not carbon exchange in soil of a temperate fen. Soil Biol Biochem 40: 1781-1791.Law BE, FM Kelliher, DD Baldocchi, PM Anthoni, J. Irvine, D. Moore and SV Tuyl. 2001. Spatial and temporal variation in respiration in a young ponderosa pine forest during a summer drought. Agric Forest Meteorol 110: 27-43.Laiho R, J Laine, CC Trettin and L Finner. 2004. Scot pine litter decomposition along drainage succession and soil nutrient gradient in peat land forest, and the effect of inter-annual weather variation. Soil Biol Biochem 36: 1095-1109.Madsen R, L Xu, B Claassen and D McDermit. 2009. Surface monitoring method for carbon capture and storage projects. Energy Procedia 1: 2161-2168Martoyo K. 1992. Kajian Sifat Fisik Tanah Podsolik untuk Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis gueneensis Jacq) di Sumatera Utara. Tesis Program Pasca Sarjana, Universitas Gajah Mada. Yogyakarta (in Indonesian).Melling L, R Hatano and KJ Goh. 2007. Nitrous oxide emissions from three ecosystem in tropical peatlands of Sarawak, Malaysia. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 53: 792-805.Minkkinen K, J Laine, NJ Shurpali, P Makiranta, J Alm and T Pentilla. 2007. Heterotropic soil respiration in forestry-drained peatland. Boreal Environ Res 12: 115-126. Murdiyarso D, K Hergoualc’h K and LV Verchot. 2010 Opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in tropical peatlands. PNAS 107: 19655-19660.Olsen R, S Linden, R Giesler, and P Hogberg. 2005. Fertilization of boreal forest reduce of both autrotrophic dan heterotrophic soil respiration . Glob Change Biol 11: 1745-1753.Silvola J, J Valijoki and H Aaltonen. 1985. Effect of draining and fertilization on soil respiration at three ameliorated peatland site. Acta For Fem 191: 1-32.Silvola J, J Alm, U Aklholm, H Nykanen and PJ Martikainen. 1996a. Carbon dioxide fluxes from peat in boreal mires under varying temperature and moisture condition. J Ecol 84: 219-228.Silvola J, J Alm, U. Ahlholm, H Nykanen, and PJ Martikainen. 1996b. The contribution of plant roots to carbon dioxide fluxes from organic soils. Biol Fertil Soils 23: 126-131.Wang W, K Ohseb and J Liuc. 2005. Contribution of root respiration to soil respiration in a C3/C4 mixed grassland. J Bioscience 30: 507-514.
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Mollov, D. S., S. A. Subbotin y Carl Rosen. "First Report of Ditylenchus dipsaci on Garlic in Minnesota". Plant Disease 96, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2012): 1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-12-0532-pdn.
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In the summer of 2011, two independent garlic samples from Morrison and Dakota counties and in 2012 one garlic sample from Carver county in Minnesota were submitted by commercial growers to the University of Minnesota Plant Disease Clinic for disease analyses. Symptoms of the above-ground plant parts were stunting and chlorosis. Symptoms of bulbs were necrosis, underdevelopment, and distortion. Upon microscopic examination, phytonematodes exuded into the surrounding water droplet. Nematodes were present in the protective leaves, abscission zone, and cloves in all submitted bulbs (n = 18) for analyses. Morphometric examination of females, males, and juveniles determined that they were Ditylenchus dipsaci. Nematodes extracted from garlic cloves were fixed in TAF (97 ml formalin [40%], 2 ml triethanolamine, and 91 ml dH2O). Morphological observations and measurements were made under an Olympus BX51 microscope equipped with a Nomarski differential interference contrast. Female (n = 6) measurements were: L = 1.411 to 1.636 mm, a = 38 to 44, b = 5.8 to 8.0, c = 14 to 17, stylet = 11.5 to 12.3 μm, V = 79 to 81%, and tail = 95 to 105 μm. The body was almost straight, when heat relaxed, lip region flattened, median bulb oval, and isthmus elongate and slender. The basal pharyngeal bulb overlapped the intestine. The post-vulval uterine branch was about half of vulva-anus distance. The tail was conoid with a pointed terminus. Male (n = 9) measurements were: L = 1.372 to 1.558 mm, a = 40 to 50, b = 6.5 to 7.0, c = 14 to 16, stylet = 11.5 to 12.3 μm, spicules = 22 to 27 μm, and gubernaculum = 9 to 10 μm. The bursa was leptoderan and spicules were curved with simple gubernaculum. Morphology and morphometrics of females and males of D. dipsaci from Minnesota generally fit the descriptions provided for the type and other populations by Hopper (1) and other authors. Several specimens were also taken for molecular identification. DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing protocols were as described by Subbotin et al. (2). The TW81 and AB28 primers were used for amplification of ITS-rRNA region and the D2A and D3B primers were used for amplification of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene. Comparison of the ITS and D2-D3 of 28 rRNA gene sequences showed 100 and 99% identity with corresponding gene sequences of D. dipsaci published in the GenBank (2). The sequences were submitted in the GenBank under accession numbers JX123258 and X123259. This nematode problem has not been known to occur in either of these locations previously. The most likely source of introduction of D. dipsaci are imported garlic seed bulbs. To our knowledge, this is the first report of D. dipsaci affecting garlic or any other crops in Minnesota. The garlic produced in these locations was considered unmarketable and complete loss to the farmers. The presence of D. dipsaci could have a significant economic impact in the emerging multi-million dollar garlic industry in Minnesota. References: (1) D. J. Hooper. Ditylenchus dipsaci. CIH Descriptions of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Set 1, No. 14, 1972. (2) S. A. Subbotin et al. Phytopathology 95:1308, 2005.
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Ludwig, Lars R., Gintaras Kantvilas, Andy R. Nilsen, David A. Orlovich, Yoshihito Ohmura, Tina C. Summerfield, Karina Wilk y Janice M. Lord. "A molecular-genetic reassessment of the circumscription of the lichen genus Icmadophila". Lichenologist 52, n.º 3 (mayo de 2020): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282920000122.
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AbstractThe circumscription of the lichenized ascomycete genus Icmadophila Trevis. in the family Icmadophilaceae Triebel was investigated. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and large subunit of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nuLSU) were generated for the five Icmadophila species and additional members of Icmadophilaceae from the genera Dibaeis, Endocena, Knightiella, Siphula, Siphulella and Thamnolia. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that three Icmadophila species are closely related: the type, I. ericetorum (L.) Zahlbr., which is widespread in Eurasia and North America, I. aversa (Nyl.) Rambold & Hertel from Central and South America, and I. japonica (Zahlbr.) Rambold & Hertel, which is restricted to Far East Russia and Japan. The genus Knightiella Müll. Arg. is reinstated to accommodate I. splachnirima (Hook.f. & Taylor) D. J. Galloway emend. L. Ludw., which occurs in New Zealand and Australia. Two further species of Knightiella, K. eucalypti (Kantvilas) Kantvilas and K. queenslandica Kantvilas, are found to be unrelated to K. splachnirima, and are accommodated in two newly described genera, Knightiellastrum and Siphulopsis respectively. Knightiellastrum L. Ludw. & Kantvilas is characterized by a squamulose, erhizinate, whitish to pale grey thallus with a green, coccoid photobiont and by containing thamnolic acid. Siphulopsis Kantvilas & A. R. Nilsen is similarly characterized by an erhizinate, whitish to pale grey thallus, with a green, coccoid photobiont and containing thamnolic acid, but is instead fruticose. This study reveals considerable diversity within Australasian Icmadophilaceae; ongoing work in the Southern Hemisphere and tropical regions may reveal additional species in this family and clarify the relationships of these newly described genera.
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Srour, Samer A., Amandeep Salhotra, Robert Lowsky, Rasmus T. Hoeg, Edmund K. Waller, Anna Pavlova, J. Scott McClellan, Nathaniel B. Fernhoff, Everett H. Meyer y Mehrdad Abedi. "Safety and Efficacy of Orca-Q with Haploidentical Donors for the Treatment of Advanced Hematologic Malignancies without the Use of Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide". Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28 de noviembre de 2023): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-189534.
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Srour, Salhotra, Lowsky and Abedi contributed equally as authors BACKGROUND Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) can be curative for several high-risk hematologic malignancies, but access was previously limited to patients with a fully matched donor. The introduction of post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) GvHD prophylaxis has increased the use of haploidentical donors (haplo) for patients who lack an HLA-matched donor. However, clinical outcomes associated with PTCy-based regimens remain challenging due to increased relapse rates (particularly in the setting of reduced intensity conditioning) and the adverse event profile including higher incidence of mucositis, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), delayed engraftment & T cell reconstitution, infections, early cardiotoxicity events and death from organ failure (Dulery 2021, Abboud 2021, Nagler 2022, Hoover 2022, Bolaños-Meade 2023). Additionally, the incidence of chronic GvHD after haplo SCT with PTCy is 24 - 33% at 1 year in various historical cohorts. Orca-Q -an investigational precision engineered cell therapy biologic- represents an alternative strategy which may be administered with single agent prophylaxis and does not require PTCy. The cellular composition of Orca-Q includes enriched CD34+ stem cells, combined with specific T-cell subsets, and is intended to reconstitute the blood and immune systems. METHODS Adult patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies eligible for MAC SCT were enrolled on the haplo donor dose expansion arm of a multicenter phase1 study of Orca-Q (NCT03802695). Haplo was defined as ≥ 4/8 but < 7/8 matched related donor at HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 typed using DNA-based high-resolution. Patients received MAC conditioning and single agent GVHD prophylaxis with tacrolimus (starting on day -1 and taper day +60). Orca-Q was manufactured centrally at Orca Bio Manufacturing Site in Sacramento, CA from G-CSF mobilized peripheral blood apheresis. RESULTS Orca-Q was successfully manufactured and delivered to all subjects with a vein-to-vein time (time between end of donor apheresis to start of recipient's Orca-T infusion) of < 72 hours. A total of 33 patients (21 AML, 10 ALL, 2 CML) were included. Median age was 43 (range, 21 - 63) years, 73% were male. Median follow-up was 375 (range, 73 - 1384) days. Sixteen patients received TBI-based MAC; 17 received busulfan-based MAC (Table). All patients engrafted with median time of 12.0 (range, 8 - 25) and 15.5 (range, 8 - 79) days for neutrophil and platelet engraftment, respectively. Two patients had secondary graft failure. Two patients had Grade 1 CRS; 1 patient had Grade 2 CRS. Grade 2+ aGvHD through Day 180+ occurred in 15% of patients. Grade 3-4 acute GvHD (aGvHD) was rare with only 1 event of grade 3 aGvHD and no grade 4 aGvHD. No patients had moderate-to-severe cGvHD. Estimated incidence of CTCAE grade 2 and > grade 3 infections were 9% and 15% at 1 year, respectively. 5 patients died (2 from relapsed disease) during the study period. NRM was 9% at 1 year. The 1-year relapse-free survival, GvHD-and-relapse free survival (Figure), and overall survival at 1 year was 82%. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal promising safety and efficacy outcomes using Orca-Q cell therapy for haplo-SCT despite the use of MAC with only single-agent tacrolimus, and without PTCy. With median follow-up of approximately 1 year, no patients experienced moderate or severe cGvHD, the low AE profile in the haplo setting remains favorable, and 1 year GvHD-free, relapse-free survival of 83% is very encouraging. This phase 1 study continues to enroll patients across the US. REFERENCES Abboud R, Wan F, Mariotti J, et al. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2021;56(11):2763-2770. Bolaños-Meade GM, Hamadani M, Wu J. N Engl J Med. 2023; 388(25):2338-2348. Duléry R, Mohty R, Labopin M, et al. JACC CardioOncol. 2021; 3(2):250-259. Hoover A, O'Leary D, Cao Q, et al. Blood. 2022; 140 (Supplement 1):282-283 Nagler A, Tsirigotis P. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2022; 57(11):1640-1641.
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Kumari, S. y W. Decraemer. "First Report of Trichodorus variopapillatus (Nematoda: Trichodoridae) from the Czech Republic". Plant Disease 93, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2009): 966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-9-0966a.
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Members of the Trichodoridae can cause substantial crop losses directly by feeding on plant roots and indirectly as vectors of tobraviruses; both vector and virus are polyphagous. In April of 2008, soil samples from the rhizosphere of Ulmus minor Mill in a deciduous broadleaf forest at Krivoklat yielded a population of Trichodorus variopapillatus Hooper, 1972. Nematodes were identified by morphological and morphometric characters as well as by molecular analysis. For classical identification, specimens were extracted from soil by a decanting-sieving method, heat killed and fixed in triethanolamine formalin, and processed and mounted in anhydrous glycerin. For molecular analysis, specimens were stored at –20°C in 1 M NaCl. Specimens largely agreed with T. variopapillatus (1,3). Average morphometric data of five male specimens are: body length 766 μm; body width 33 μm; onchiostyle length 55 μm; and spicule length 43 μm. Number of anterior ventromedian cervical papillae and number of precloacal supplements was three each. Spicules are regularly curved and the manubrium is knob-like. Morphometric data of two female specimens are: body length 663 and 858 μm; body width 29 and 38 μm; onchiostyle length 52 and 53 μm; V 54 and 57%. Refractive thickenings at the vulva are very large and quandrangular in shape in the lateral optical section. Identification of these nematodes was further verified by sequencing two regions of rDNA (18S gene and D2/D3 expansion segments of the 28S gene). Single female and male specimens from NaCl storage were transferred to 0.5-ml Eppendorf tubes containing 0.25M NaOH. Total genomic DNA was prepared by a rapid technique (4). The 18S gene was amplified in three fragments using the primer SSU_F_04 + SSU_R_09 (first fragment), SSU_F_22 + SSU_R_13 (second fragment), and SSU_F_23 + SSU_R_81 (third fragment). D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit of rDNA were amplified using the forward primer D2A and the reverse primer D3B (2). The regions were sequenced in both directions after purification of PCR products. The sequences of female and male specimens were identical. The sequences were deposited in GenBank with Accession Nos. GQ148719 (28S) and GQ148719 (18S). The length of 18S was 1,760 bp and D2/D3 was 786 bp. The obtained sequences were compared by BLAST in NCBI. The D2/D3 sequence is not available in GenBank for T. variopapillatus. The best BLAST hits were obtained with Trichodorus species. BLAST results of 18S sequence showed 5% divergence (76 substitutions) after trimming unequal ends with published sequence of T. variopapillatus Accession No. AY284841. All substitutions were confirmed from the chromatographs. To our knowledge, this is the first report of T. variopapillatus associated with U. minor in the Czech Republic. References: (1) W. Decraemer and P. Baujard. Fundam. Appl. Nematol. 21:37 1998. (2) P. De Ley et al. Nematology 1:591, 1999. (3) D. Hooper. Nematologica 17:59, 1972. (4) J. M. Stanton. Australas. Plant Pathol. 27:112, 1998.