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DI, NUOVO ELISA. "VALICO-UD: annotating an Italian learner corpus". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1095350.
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Previous work on learner language has highlighted the importance of having annotated resources to describe the development of interlanguage. Despite this, few learner resources, mainly for English L2, feature error and syntactic annotation.
This thesis describes the development of a novel parallel learner Italian treebank, VALICO-UD. Its name suggests two main points: where the data comes from—i.e. the corpus VALICO, a collection of non-native Italian texts elicited by comic strips—and what formalism is used for linguistic annotation—i.e. Universal Dependencies (UD) formalism. It is a parallel treebank because the resource provides for each learner sentence (LS) a target hypothesis (TH) (i.e., parallel corrected version written by an Italian native speaker) which is in turn annotated in UD.
We developed this treebank to be exploitable for interlanguage research and comparable with the resources employed in Natural Language Processing tasks such as Native Language Identification or Grammatical Error Identification and Correction.
VALICO-UD is composed of 237 texts written by English, French, German and Spanish native speakers, which correspond to 2,234 LSs, each associated with a single TH. While all LSs and THs were automatically annotated using UDPipe, only a portion of the treebank made of 398 LSs plus correspondent THs has been manually corrected and released in May 2021 in the UD repository. This core section features also an explicit XML-based annotation of the errors occurring in each sentence. Thus, the treebank is currently organized in two sections: the core gold standard—comprising 398 LSs and their correspondent THs—and the silver standard—consisting of 1,836 LSs and their correspondent THs.
In order to contribute to the computational investigation about the peculiar type of texts included in VALICO-UD, this thesis describes the annotation schema of the resource, provides some preliminary tests about the performance of UDPipe models on this treebank, reports on inter-annotator agreement results for both error and linguistic annotation, and suggests some possible applications.
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Tabaku, Sörman Entela. "“Che italiano fa” oggi nei manuali di italiano lingua straniera? : Tratti del neostandard in un corpus di manuali svedesi e italiani". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Romanska och klassiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-106807.
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The object of study of this thesis is the linguistic input in textbooks of Italian as a foreign language (FL). The intent is to study whether the linguistic changes, observed in contemporary Italian, have become part of the Italian offered as input to the learners. To identify the variety of language presented in the textbooks, some features of contemporary linguistic changes were chosen as verifiable indicators. These features, listed by Sabatini (1985: 155) as a basic part of "italiano dell’uso medio", and by Berruto (1987: 62) as part of "neostandard", are not occasional changes but are features that are gradually expanding and stabilizing into Italian standard (Sobrero 2005). A corpus consisting of 38 Italian textbooks published in Sweden and 8 in Italy in the years 2000-2012 were used to verify the manifestation of these features. The results show that the presence of neostandard features in the textbooks of Italian FL is conditioned, at first, by the rate of acceptance of those features by the linguistic norm. Thus, features that are nowadays commonly considered as normative have a high number of occurrences in the corpus. This is the case concerning lui, lei, loro as subject pronouns, the use of gli instead of loro, the use of the present tense for the future and the use of temporal che. On the other hand, features that are not considered as normative have no or very few occurrences. This is the case with gli instead of le and the use of imperfetto ipotetico. Secondly, the presence of the neostandard features in textbooks is conditioned by the instructive function of the textbooks, which shapes the typology of input introduced. Thus, occurrences of features such as cleft clauses and dislocations are mainly presented in authentic texts, oral texts, or introduced explicitly, but are rare or absent in textbooks characterized by simplified language.
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Mastropierro, Lorenzo. "Corpus stylistics and translation studies : a corpus-assisted study of Joseph Conrad's 'Heart of Darkness' and its Italian translations". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33678/.
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This thesis carries out a corpus stylistic study of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and four of its Italian translations. It investigates the role of textual patterns as building blocks of the fictional world and triggers of literary themes. It also investigates the effects of translation on the relation between textual patterns and the fictional world, and discusses the potential consequences of translational alterations on the text’s themes. Heart of Darkness is a complex and multifaceted text that deals with a multitude of themes and has been interpreted in many different ways. By offering an overview of the text’s literary reception, I foreground two major themes that emerge from the contemporary critical debate as particularly central to the discussion about Conrad and his text: “Africa and its representation” and “race and racism”. Through a keyword analysis, I establish a connection between these themes and the lexical level of the text. Adopting Mahlberg & McIntyre’s (2011) model, I group keywords into categories that reflect specific aspects of the fictional world and the thematic concerns of the text. I then select groups of keywords that relate specifically to “Africa and its representation” and “race and racism” for more in-depth examination. Specifically, I analyse how the African jungle and the African natives are linguistically represented in the text. I demonstrate that repeated lexico-semantic patterns shape these fictional representations and play a fundamental part in the interpretation of the two themes related to them. I then focus on the Italian versions and compare them in order to show the effects of translation on the lexico-semantic patterns. I show that alterations made at the linguistic level affect the interpretational level of the translations, with potential consequences for the reception of the major themes in the target context. Finally, I use computational methods to compare the original and the translations at the level of whole texts, as opposed to feature-specific comparisons. I claim that together these two perspectives provide a more nuanced understanding of the relation between source and target texts. Through this analysis, the present thesis explores how the fictional world and literary themes are constructed and conveyed in literature and in its translation. It also contributes to the critical discussion on Heart of Darkness and proposes a methodology to analyse and compare literary translations. Finally, as an interdisciplinary project, this thesis builds on the interaction between corpus stylistics and translation studies, and strengthens this relation further.
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Philip, Gillian Susan. "Collocation and connotation : a corpus-based investigation of colour words in English and Italian". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410301.
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Mateo, Vázquez Alejandra. "The Use of MAKE and TAKE by Spanish and Italian Learners of English : A Corpus Study". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157253.
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The present paper investigates the use of two high–frequency verbs: make and take. These verbs are particularly interesting since they express basic meaning (the meaning of the verb is mostly determined by its combinations). Therefore, they do not constitute a problem in learners’ comprehension. However, because they have little semantic content, learning how to use them appropriately has proved to be tricky even for advanced learners (Howarth, 1998; Altenberg & Granger, 2001; Nesselhauf, 2003; Futgi et al. 2008). The aim of this study is to analyse learners’ ability to produce the two high-frequency verbs to uncover features of non–nativeness of learner language in relation to the use of these verbs, such as overuse/underuse of certain verbs, nouns, collocations or structures, focusing on Spanish and Italian learners of English. Corpus Linguistics (CL) is particularly useful for looking for this type of non–native usage patterns. Learner Corpora will be studied using CIA, Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis (Granger, 1998) as a method, more specifically NL/IL comparison (native language vs interlanguage) to be able to compare native and non–native speakers’ performances in comparable situations. A second type of comparison will be made between two interlanguages (Spanish and Italian). Including a second L2 variety allows to distinguish general L2 features from characteristics that are exclusive to one particular language. Authentic learner data has been retrieved from the International Corpus of Learner English (ICLE). ICLE contains argumentative essays produced by advanced second language learners of English from different mother–tongue backgrounds. The Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays (LOCNESS) is used as a control corpus to compare it with the learner corpora. Results bring further evidence that high-frequency verbs are difficult items even for advanced English learners. In addition, the two learner groups share some of the problems, while others, despite the similarities between the two languages, are related to the L1 of the learners. These results have pedagogical implications: teachers should aim to improve learners’ productive capacities of those items that have not been fully mastered yet, such as high-frequency verbs.
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De, Santo Paola Chiara. "(Ne) Habeas corpus: The Body and the Body Politic in the Figures of the Ambassador and the Courtesan in Renaissance Italy". Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11601.
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This dissertation offers a comparative study of two key figures of the Italian Renaissance, the ambassador and the courtesan, and the place of their bodies in relation to the Renaissance body politic. In studying myriad textual spaces of the body natural within writings by and about these two seemingly opposite figures, I find that these spaces range from the material to the metaphorical. In the Renaissance material spaces were increasingly allocated to both figures, urban confinement for the prostitute, and the establishment of the embassy for the ambassador. Metaphorically, the prostitute becomes the "body" of the state, while the ambassador personifies its "mind". My dissertation proves that by allocating such material and metaphorical spaces to these figures, the early modern state effectively denies them the possibility of ownership over their own bodies. This ownership, however, is rhetorically reclaimed, I argue, through the bodies of their own texts.Romance Languages and Literatures
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Benchetrit, Louise Kate. "Conceptualising the coronavirus pandemic: a corpus linguistic study of metaphors in Italian, British and French coronavirus press discourse". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22912/.
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As the number of coronavirus cases increased globally, governments started to introduce restrictive measures which many individuals had never experienced before. Heads of state started to use expressions referring to ‘war’, encouraging citizens to help the ‘fight’ against the ‘invisible enemy’. In the cognitive linguist approach, metaphors are believed to involve the ‘thinking’ as well as the ‘talking’ (or writing) of one thing in terms of another. That is, similarities (or correspondences) are perceived between two different ‘domains’ such as ‘covid-19’ and ‘war’. Therefore, ‘fighting the disease’ can be ‘translated’ into ‘reducing infection, illness and death’.
This dissertation aims to identify metaphorical expressions, and the associated conceptual mappings, in the coronavirus media discourse of three countries – Italy, France, and the United Kingdom – over the period of the ‘first wave’. If metaphorical expressions can highlight how we ‘think’ about an event, it is interesting to investigate if all three countries are ‘thinking’ about the novel coronavirus in the same terms. In order to tackle this question, this dissertation has five chapters. First, the cognitive linguistic approach to metaphors is discussed, focusing on Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT). In chapter two we turn to the corpus linguistic approach and its application to metaphor research. On the basis of this theoretical background, chapter three introduces the methodology employed for this study. Chapter four presents the main results for English, French and Italian. In particular, this study found that the coronavirus is conceptualised as WAR, SUBSTANCE IN MOVEMENT, SUBSTANCE IN A CONTAINER, and OBSTACLE in all three language corpora, while WATER, FAMILY and POSSESSION are unique to the French, Italian and English samples, respectively. Finally, chapter five discusses the findings and the limitations of this study, closing with possible directions for future research.
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Cervoni, Valerio. "Les marqueurs discursifs d’acceptation épistémique en français et en italien dialogiques : une étude sur corpus". Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR2021.
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Le but de cette thèse est d’étudier six marqueurs discursifs (désormais MDs) épistémiques du français et de l’italien, spécialisés dans l’opération dialogique qui permet d’accepter la valeur de vérité d’un contenu propositionnel proposé par l’interlocuteur et d’inscrire ce contenu propositionnel dans le savoir partagé. L’originalité de notre étude réside dans la manière non préconçue dont elle aborde les MDs épistémiques du dialogue. Après avoir défini de façon rigoureuse les notions de MD, d’épistémicité et de négociation intersubjective, nous avons recueilli un corpus représentatif de d’accord, mh, voilà en français dialogique et ho capito, mh, esatto en italien dialogique. Ce corpus est composé de 60 occurrences épistémiques par forme et prend en compte plusieurs locuteurs et situations communicatives différentes. La démarche d’annotation manuelle de notre corpus a ensuite fait émerger que les six MDs possèdent un éventail large et complexe de fonctions, agissant à plusieurs niveaux de l’architecture du discours. Dans le cadre d’une approche modulaire et guidée par les corpus, nous avons ainsi cherché au fil de notre recherche à concilier aspects théoriques, opérationnalisation de choix théoriques dans un schéma d’annotation, et analyse des données. Une comparaison entre les MDs du français et de l’italien, appuyée par des tests de significativité statistique, nous a permis finalement de constater la similitude frappante, aux niveaux local et global du dialogue, entre d’accord et ho capito, mh et mh, voilà et esattoThis dissertation proposes to study six epistemic discourse markers (DMs) of spoken French and Italian, specialized in the dialogic operation that allows for accepting the truth-value of a propositional content proposed by an interlocutor and for grounding the propositional content in the common ground of the speakers.The originality of our research lays in our non aprioristic approach to the epistemic DMs of dialogue.Starting from a solid definition of the notions of DM, epistemicity and intersubjective negotiation, we collected a representative corpus of d’accord, mh, voilà in spoken French dialogues and ho capito, mh, esatto in spoken Italian dialogues. The corpus is composed of 60 epistemic occurrences per form, and takes into account several different speakers and contexts.The manual annotation process of the corpus revealed that the six DMs have a large and complex spectrum of functions, belonging to different levels of discourse structure.Accordingly, in the framework of a modular and corpus-driven approach, we tried to combine theoretical aspects, operationalization of theoretical choices in an annotation scheme, and analysis of the data.A comparison between the DMs of French and Italian, supported by statistical significance tests, finally showed the remarkable similarity, at the local and global levels of dialogue, between d’accord and ho capito, mh and mh, voilà and esatto
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Cantora, Tuñón Laura. "Proper names as cultural referents in British chick lit : a corpus-based analysis of their translations into Spanish and Italian". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7870/.
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This thesis considers the role that proper names play in British mass market women’s fiction (genre generally known as Chick Lit) by means of an analysis of the way in which those proper names have been translated into Spanish and Italian. The relationship between source text and target text is explored in terms of the procedures employed to translate each proper name. Our main hypothesis is that Toury’s (1995) law of growing standardization would prevail in the translated text in an attempt to bring the connotations and foreign elements of the source language text nearer to the target language readership. This hypothesis is tested by creating a parallel trilingual corpus containing three novels in their original English versions as well as their translations into Spanish and Italian. Using corpus processing tools, such as named-entity recognition programs and trilingual concordancers, a total of 1500 distinct proper names are extracted from these texts which means that 3000 translation instances are available for analysis. These names are categorised using a novel faceted taxonomy, and the translations are classified using a purpose-built map of translation procedures. These categorisations are then analysed using corpus processing measurements such as raw and relative frequency to detect any possible patterns in the translation of proper names in modern literature. The research shows that translators attempt to identify an ‘equilibrium’ between conserving certain elements and explaining others; while attempting to bring the connotations and foreign elements closer to the target language culture a wide variety of procedures are used. The data also reveals a more marked tendency to conserve the proper names in their original form in the Spanish target texts than in the Italian target texts, where there is more variation in the range of procedures employed. In addition to these results, a major contribution to knowledge of this research is the creation and successful application of the taxonomy and map of procedures and the processes devised for the analysis which are now available to be used in other investigations.
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Lobascio, Marco. "Genitive variation and unique items hypothesis in simultaneous interpreting from Italian into English. An intermodal study based on EPIC". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12721/.
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After experiencing an early phase of vivid interest in the 1980s and the 1990s, the search for "universals" of translation and interpreting, i.e. general features of translated and interpreted language, seems to have slipped into a phase of stagnation in the past few years. On the one hand, it seems questionable to speak of "universal" features of translation and interpreting, since both activities are inseparable from their direction and context. On the other hand, the search for "universals" can be regarded as an attempt to universalize historically and culturally determined practices. The present study focuses on Sonja Tirkkonen-Condit's "unique items hypothesis", according to which translators tend to underrepresent target-language specific items, i.e. items that lack a straightforward (lexical or grammatical) counterpart in the source language, and to replace them with alternative items, which are not incorrect, but less idiomatic and more adherent to the structure of the source language. The present study extends the hypothesis to interpreting and sets out to test it on a possible "unique item" of the language pair Italian-English, namely the 's-genitive. To this end, the 's-genitives are extracted from four sub-corpora of the European Parliament Interpreting Corpus - EPIC (interpretations from Italian into English, original English speeches, official translations from Italian into English and official transcriptions of original English speeches). The present study compares the frequency of the 's-genitives across the four sub-corpora from a monolingual intermodal perspective, to check whether interpreted and translated English actually underrepresents 's (while overrepresenting "of", which is closer to the Italian preposition "di") and whether there are differences between interpreting and translation.
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Fioretti, Cristina. "Arquitetura de um dicionário: modelo lexicográfico eletrônico pedagógico bilíngue italiano-português para aprendizes brasileiros". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8148/tde-28022013-091119/.
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O principal objetivo desta dissertação é a elaboração da arquitetura de um dicionário eletrônico off-line em CD-ROM, pedagógico, bilíngue italiano-português, para aprendizes brasileiros adultos. Iniciando-se pela representatividade lexical nos dicionários, procurou-se abordar os critérios de eleição dos corpora de base em sua preparação e a consequente seleção de verbetes, indicativos do público-alvo destes dicionários. Após esta introdução ilustrativa feita com exemplos reais de escolhas lexicais no decorrer da história dos dicionários monolíngues e bilíngues na esfera da língua italiana e portuguesa, enfatizaram-se o valor da língua oral para os aprendizes bem como as recentes pesquisas nesta direção. No âmbito da lexicografia crítica, fez-se necessária a criação de uma metodologia de análise apropriada, aplicada a diferentes dicionários existentes, principalmente aos que utilizam mídias eletrônicas, elaborando-se formulários específicos com vistas à padronização e otimização deste processo de avaliação, e à criação de futuros produtos lexicográficos. A princípio tais formulários foram elaborados como um meio para se alcançar o objetivo final, mas acabaram se transformando naturalmente em uma nova meta criativa. O alcance da verificação foi sendo ampliado para que se pudesse catalogar qualquer dicionário, principalmente quanto às suas informações gerais, macroestrutura, microestrutura (denominadas aqui preferencialmente macroarquitetura e microarquitetura), e possibilidades e recursos oferecidos pelo formato eletrônico. A partir destes resultados, sugere-se uma proposta do modelo teórico selecionado, apresentado na forma de telasexemplo para CD-ROM, considerando-se que a estrutura digital seja uma ferramenta imprescindível à didática do ensino de línguas estrangeiras.This dissertation\'s main objective is the development of the architecture of an off-line pedagogic, bilingual Italian-Portuguese electronic dictionary on CD-ROM for Brazilian adult learners. Starting at the lexical representation in dictionaries, it was sought to address their base corpora selection criteria and subsequent entry selection, indicative of their target audience. After this illustrative introduction made with real examples of lexical choices in the course of the history of monolingual and bilingual dictionaries for Italian and Portuguese language, emphasis was given to the value of oral language to learners, as well as the recent research in this field. As part of the critical lexicography, it was necessary to create an appropriate methodology of analysis applied to various existing dictionaries, especially to those using electronic media, and to develop specific forms having in view the standardization and optimization of this evaluation process and the creation of future lexicographical \'products\'. At first these forms were prepared as a way to achieve the ultimate goal, but eventually it naturally became a new creative aim. The scope of the verification was expanded so that one could categorize any dictionary, especially regarding its general information, macrostructure, microstructure (preferably called here \'macroarchitecture\' and \'microarchitecture\'), and the resources and possibilities offered by electronic format. From these results, it is suggested a proposal of the selected theoretical model, presented as example-screens for CD-ROM, considering that the digital infrastructure is an indispensable tool to the didactic teaching of foreign languages.
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Zlitni, Mériem. "Contacts de langues (italien, sicilien, arabe) : le cas du journal italien Simpaticuni (Tunis, 1911-1933)". Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100120/document.
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Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une mise en lumière des aspects linguistiques relatifs aux phénomènes de contacts entre locuteurs arabophones et locuteurs appartenant à la communauté sicilienne de Tunisie à travers l’étude d’une chronique particulière, éditée dans le journal italien Simpaticuni (1911-1933). L’un des objectifs de cette recherche est l’analyse du tissu linguistique du corpus dans le but de déterminer la nature véritable de cette langue. Cela se traduit par l’identification des particularités phono-graphiques, morphologiques, syntaxiques et lexicologiques de la langue employée, et par la recherche de la sicilianité des textes en déterminant le degré de dialectalité. Puis, nous examinons les mots empruntés à l’arabe tunisien afin d’en analyser le fonctionnement et la modalité d’insertion dans le tissu syntaxique des chroniques et d’en définir la typologie. S’agit-il de référents à des objets quotidiens ? D’insertions pragmatiques? Quelle est la signification de ces choix ? Enfin, étant donné la nature dialogale de nos textes, nous étudions les variétés en interaction, travail qui permettra d’interpréter la présence des emprunts à l’arabe dans le discours. La numérisation exhaustive d’une rubrique particulière du Simpaticuni a pour objectif d’élargir la quête lexicologique des auteurs qui ont travaillé sur ce journalIn this thesis, we propose to highlight the linguistic aspects relating to languages in contact, more particularly between Arabic and Sicilian speakers of Tunisia, through the study of a particular column, published in the Italian newspaper Simpaticuni (1911-1933). One of the issues of this research is to analyses the linguistic base of the corpus, aiming at determining the real nature of this language. In this respect we describe the phonographic, morphological, syntactical and vocabulary features of this language, and measure in what extent the given texts are of a Sicilian nature according to their dialectal degree. We then gather the words borrowed from Tunisian Arabic in order to study their function and the way they occur inside the syntactic structure of the columns, and therefore define their typology. Would they refer to daily objects? Or to pragmatic inclusions? What do these choices mean? Finally, given the speech nature of our texts, we study the varieties in interaction, which will enable us to understand why some words have been borrowed from Arabic. Digitising the whole particular column of the Simpaticuni will enhance the glossary collection undertaken by other scholars who previously worked on this newspaper
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Gudmundson, Anna. "L’accordo nell’italiano parlato da apprendenti universitari svedesi : Uno studio sull’acquisizione del numero e del genere in una prospettiva funzionalista". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för franska, italienska och klassiska språk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-78854.
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This study investigates the acquisition of grammatical gender and number agreement in Italian as a second language (L2). The theoretical framework is based on a functional approach that stresses the importance of form function mappings, cues, frequency effects and the statistical properties of the language input. The Competition Model is of particular importance and the Italian oral corpus LIP is used to make calculations that measure the validity, availability and reliability of the Italian noun endings. The data consists of 71 transcribed teacher-student dialogues with Swedish learners of Italian at Stockholm University. The results show that learners have problems with feminine gender in the plural and with ambiguous noun endings, i.e. cases where one form is connected to more than one function. These findings can be explained by cue competition and frequency effects and to some extent by a markedness effect. A second study with time (longitudinal development) and reliability of the noun endings (high or low) as independent variables and degree of accuracy as dependent variable showed a positive increase in accuracy rates over time, both for low and high reliability noun endings. There was also a significant interaction effect between the two independent variables according to which cases of agreement with low validity noun endings showed a higher increase in accuracy rates than high validity noun endings. This could be explained by the power law of practice, i.e. cases of agreement with high reliability noun endings soon reach a very high level of accuracy from which it is difficult to make further progress.
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Gudmundson, Anna. "L'acquisizione del genere grammaticale in italiano L2 : Quali fattori possono influenzare il grado di accuratezza". Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för franska, italienska och klassiska språk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-47014.
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Dheskali, Vincenzo [Verfasser], Josef [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmied, Josef [Gutachter] Schmied y Marina [Gutachter] Bondi. "A Corpus-based Comparison of Albanian and Italian Student Writing in L1 and English as L2: Hedges and Boosters as Modalization by Degree / Vincenzo Dheskali ; Gutachter: Josef Schmied, Marina Bondi ; Betreuer: Josef Schmied". Chemnitz : Technische Universität Chemnitz, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219664367/34.
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Cuofano, Letizia. "As equivalências no português e no italiano de verbos suecos com prefixos de origem germânica num corpus paralelo de textos escritos". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för portugisiska, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-64270.
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Os prefixos germânicos de alguns verbos suecos serão comparados numa análise contrastiva com as relativas equivalências em português e em italiano num corpus paralelo escrito composto por um romance de língua sueca, um de língua portuguesa e um de língua italiana e pelas suas respectivas traduções. As funções desenvolvidas pelos prefixos germânicos dos verbos suecos analisados serão examinadas e depois confrontadas com as relativas equivalências, com o resultado que também nas duas línguas românicas relevam-se, de maneira bastante constante, procedimentos gramaticais parecidos aos desenvolvidos pelos prefixos germânicos.Germanic prefixes of which some Swedish verbs are composed are going to be compared in acontrastive analysis with their relative equivalences in Portuguese and Italian in a parallel written corpus characterized by a Swedish-language romance, a Portuguese-language romance and an Italian language romance, and by their relative translations. The functions executed by the German prefixes of the analysed Swedish verbs are going to be examined and then compared with their relative equivalences, with the result that even in the Romance languages it is possible to find in a quite constant way grammatical processes which are similar to those executed by the Germanic prefixes.
I prefissi germanici di alcuni verbi svedesi saranno comparati in un'analisi contrastiva con le relative equivalenze in portoghese e in italiano in un corpus parallelo scritto composto da un romanzo di lingua svedese, uno di lingua portoghese e uno di lingua italiana e dalle rispettive traduzioni. Le funzioni svolte dai prefissi germanici dei verbi svedesi analizzati saranno esaminate e poi confrontate con le relative equivalenze, con il risultato che anche nelle due lingue romanze si riscontrano in maniera abbastanza costante processi grammaticali simili a quelli svolti dai prefissi germanici.
De germanska prefix som återfinns i vissa svenska verb kommer att jämföras med sina motsvarigheter på portugisiska och italienska. Detta görs med hjälp av en skriven korpus bestående av en roman ursprungligen skriven på svenska, en skriven på portugisiska och en skriven på italienska samt översättningar av dessa romaner till de två andra språken. Funktionen hos de svenska verben med germanska prefix kommer att analyseras och sedan jämföras med verbens motsvarigheter. Resultatet av analysen visar att det är möjligt att finna systematiskt återkommande grammatiska processer i de romanska språken, som liknar de som förekommer i samband med de germanska prefixen på svenska.
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Gazzoni, Sandra <1969>. "Corpus in fabula. Imperativi benefattivi come azioni congiunte". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9492/1/Gazzoni_Sandra_tesi.pdf.
Texto completoResumen
Questo lavoro è uno studio cross-linguistico interdisciplinare che mette a confronto alcuni tipi di richieste verbali formulate con l’imperativo accompagnato da un pronome dativo benefattivo; le lingue interessate sono l’italiano, il portoghese brasiliano e il castigliano andino ecuadoriano. La nostra ipotesi è che il dativo benefattivo conferisca un valore attenuato alla richiesta in quanto, evocando la presenza di un’altra persona al posto o a beneficio della quale si svolge l’azione espressa dal verbo, aggiungerebbe un elemento di interazione con valore affettivo all’azione stessa. Nella prima fase dell’indagine, tre questionari online (uno per ogni lingua) sono stati sottoposti a parlanti nativi per valutare il valore attenuativo e interazionale delle forme imperative oggetto di analisi. La seconda fase della ricerca si fonda sulla teoria della simulazione incarnata (embodied simulation) applicata al linguaggio, secondo la quale la comprensione di frasi che esprimono azioni attiva la simulazione, a livello sensorimotorio, di quelle azioni. In base a ciò, è stato proposto (abbozzato in via teorica) uno studio comportamentale dal quale dovrebbe emergere la diversa organizzazione dell’azione evocata dalle forme linguistiche con l’imperativo standard (senza pronome) e con l’imperativo benefattivo (con il pronome dativo benefattivo) nelle tre lingue in analisi. I risultati della prima parte della ricerca hanno messo in luce che, per i rispondenti italiani, l’imperativo benefattivo non attenua le richieste verbali; al contrario, ciò succede sia per i rispondenti brasiliani che per quelli ecuadoriani (andini). L’analisi statistica ha evidenziato che l’imperativo benefattivo, rispetto all’imperativo standard, evoca maggiore interazione in tutti e tre i campioni/lingue oggetto di studio e ciò anche quando, dal punto di vista pragmatico, non funziona come un attenuatore (italiano). Questi elementi supportano la possibilità che la simulazione elicitata nello studio comportamentale, se presente, si manifesterà in modo diverso nei due tipi di imperativo.This work is an interdisciplinary cross-linguistic study that compares some ways of making verbal requests using the imperative accompanied by a benefactive dative pronoun; the languages concerned are Italian, Brazilian Portuguese, and Ecuadorian Castilian Andean. Our hypothesis is that the benefactive dative confers an attenuated value to the request since, evoking the presence of another person in place or for whose benefit the action expressed by the verb takes place, it would add an element of interaction with an affective value to the action itself. In the first phase of the investigation, three online questionnaires (one for each language) were submitted to native speakers to evaluate the attenuative and interactional value of the imperative forms being analyzed. The second part of the research is based on the theory of embodied simulation applied to language, according to which the understanding of phrases that express actions activates the simulation, at the sensorimotor level, of those actions. Based on this, a behavioral study has been proposed (theoretically sketched) in which the different organization of the action evoked by the linguistic forms with the standard imperative (without pronoun) and with the benefactive imperative (with the benefactive dative pronoun) should emerge in the three languages under analysis. The results of the first part of the research revealed that, for Italian respondents, the benefactive imperative does not attenuate the verbal requests; on the contrary, this happens for both Brazilian and Ecuadorian (Andean) respondents. The statistical analysis has shown that the benefactive imperative, compared to the standard imperative, evokes greater interaction in all three samples being studied and also when, from a pragmatic perspective, it does not work as an attenuator (Italian). These elements support the possibility that the simulation elicited in the behavioral study, if present, will manifest itself differently in the two types of imperative.
18
Micchi, Rita. "Le collocazioni in traduzione e interpretazione tra italiano e francese: Uno studio su eptic_01_2011". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7838/.
Texto completoResumen
This dissertation aims at investigating differences in phraseological patterns in translated and interpreted language, on the basis of the intermodal corpus EPTIC_01_2011 and focusing on Italian and French. First of all, an overview is offered of the main studies and theories about corpus linguistics and collocations: the notion of corpus is defined and a typology (focusing on intermodal corpora) is presented, before moving on to the linguistic phenomenon of collocation and its investigation through corpus linguistics methods. Second, the general structure of EPTIC_01_2011 is presented, including the ways in which its texts have been assembled, edited through ad hoc conventions and enriched with metadata. The methodology proposed by Durrant and Schmitt (2009), slightly edited to fit the present study, has been used to extract and compare noun+adjective/adjective+noun bigrams from a quantitative point of view. A subset of these data have then been extracted and analysed manually. The results of the study are presented through graphs and examples, with an in-depth discussion of the bigrams considered. Lastly, the data collected are analysed and categorised in terms of shifts occurring in translation and in interpreting, potential causes are discussed and ideas for further research and for the development of the EPTIC corpus are sketched.
19
Santandrea, Manuela. "Le collocazioni in traduzione e interpretazione tra italiano e inglese: Uno studio su eptic_01_2011". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7839/.
Texto completoResumen
The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the differences in the phraseological patterns used by Italian and English translators and interpreters through the intermodal corpus EPTIC_01_2011. First, the most important studies and theories about corpus linguistics and collocations are introduced. After defining the notion of “corpus”, the different types of corpora are categorised, giving particular attention to the intermodal one. Then the dissertation focuses on a description of collocations, as defined by the main linguistics scholars, and it describes some attempts to apply corpus linguistics to the study of collocations. Secondly, EPTIC_01_2011 is presented, with a description of its structure and of the text editing process carried out applying specific editing conventions and adding a set of metadata before each text. The analysis of collocation candidate bigrams (adjective+noun/noun+adjective) from a quantitative point of view, was conducted applying a methodology adapted from Durrant and Schmitt (2009). Qualitative analysis was also performed on a subsection of the data. The results of the study are presented through examples and graphs, giving particular attention to the interpretation of the data analysed from a qualitative perspective. Finally, results are summarised and categorised, and suggestions are made concerning the diverging choices made in translation and interpreting. The final section concentrates on further studies that could be carried out in the future, as well as on suggestions for corpus enlargement.
20
Veggia, Caterina. "Analisi contrastiva del linguaggio giornalistico italiano e russo attraverso un ampliamento del corpus parallelo italiano-russo del Nacional'nyj Korpus Russkogo Jazyka". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Buscar texto completoResumen
Il presente elaborato si pone il duplice obiettivo di ampliare il sottocorpus parallelo italiano-russo del Nacional’nyj Korpus Russkogo Jazyka (NKRJa, Corpus Nazionale della Lingua Russa) con articoli di giornale e di fornire un’analisi contrastiva del linguaggio giornalistico italiano e russo. La tesi è suddivisa in quattro capitoli. Il primo capitolo si concentra sulla linguistica dei corpora, descrivendone l’evoluzione e le possibili applicazioni, elencando i tipi di corpora esistenti, e fornendo infine un approfondimento sul NKRJa e sul corpus parallelo italiano-russo. Nel secondo capitolo vengono affrontati i cambiamenti che la diffusione di internet ha comportato per la lingua dei giornali e vengono presentate le principali caratteristiche paratestuali, sintattiche e lessicali dei giornali italiani e russi; vengono anche delineate alcune particolarità della traduzione giornalistica. Il terzo capitolo consiste nella descrizione del procedimento pratico adottato per ampliare il corpus parallelo. Sono stati selezionati dieci articoli di giornale italiani tradotti in russo e dieci articoli di giornale russi tradotti in italiano; i testi di partenza sono poi stati allineati con le relative traduzioni, e saranno a breve disponibili nel corpus. Nel quarto capitolo i venti articoli aggiunti al corpus vengono analizzati sulla base delle caratteristiche paratestuali, sintattiche e lessicali descritte nel secondo capitolo, fornendo così un’analisi contrastiva del linguaggio giornalistico italiano e russo.
21
Messina, Arantxa. "Le metafore della crisi nella stampa economica spagnola e italiana: un'analisi corpus-based". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10809/.
Texto completoResumen
La crisis financiera y económica que estalló en Europa en 2008 ha sido un auténtico campo de pruebas para recurrir a todo tipo de recursos expresivos, a la hora de explicar la compleja naturaleza de la coyuntura económica. De esta manera, lejos de ser un artificio de la ornamentación retórica, la metáfora adquiere un sentido simbólico que permite expresar conceptos de forma natural y a veces descontada.
El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la utilización de las metáforas en la prensa económica española e italiana en el discurso sobre la crisis en Europa, a través de un análisis basado en corpus. Además, se intenta descubrir semejanzas y diferencias a la vez que se destacan aspectos originales en ambos idiomas. La hipótesis general, de acuerdo con investigaciones previas sobre las metáforas económicas, es que cabe esperar una frecuente utilización de las metáforas.
La tésis está dividida en cuatro capítulos. En el primer capítulo se desglosan las principales teorías elaboradas acerca de la metáfora, desde un enfoque clásico hasta una visión cognitivista que se desarrolla a partir de la Teoría de la Metáfora Conceptual propuesta por Lakoff y Johnson (1980). El segundo capítulo se centra en la metáfora económica y los estudios basados en corpus sobre la metáfora, para comprender los diferentes dominios fuente utilizados en el discurso económico y financiero. En el tercer capítulo se proporciona toda información relativa al método de creación y a la metodología de análisis de los corpus, llevada a cabo a través de una minuciosa recolección de artículos de la prensa italiana y española en los diarios Il Sole 24 Ore y Expansión. Los artículos han sido analizados a través del programa informático AntConc. Finalmente, en el cuarto capítulo se presenta el análisis de las metáforas detectadas en los dos corpus periodísticos y los resultados obtenidos, en lo que respecta a semejanzas y diferencias en los dos idiomas. Por esta razón, se seleccionan cuatro dominios fuente: dos más frecuentes (medicina; naturaleza) y dos menos frecuentes (construcción; mecanismos). Además, se hace hincapié en algunos ejemplos del uso de metáforas muy utilizadas, o bien de casos novedosos o creativos en ambos idiomas, con miras a descubrir los principales dominios fuente y los contextos de uso en la cobertura de la crisis. Los resultados que surgen a raíz del análisis muestran una profunda difusión del dominio fuente de la medicina y de la naturaleza en ambos idiomas y una consiguiente creatividad metafórica. En general, el corpus italiano presenta una mayor creatividad metafórica y cadenas metafóricas
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con respecto al corpus español, a raíz de los hapaxes detectados. Asimismo, el corpus español presenta más casos creativos en el dominio de la construcción con respecto al italiano. El análisis ha permitido confirmar de forma empírica la hipótesis de gran uniformidad en el uso de la metáfora en los distintos periódicos, aun considerando algunas diferencias entre los dos idiomas.
Cabe reconocer que, debido al tamaño limitado de los corpus creados, dicho estudio representa un campo de pruebas ampliable y los resultados presentados abren una puerta a nuevas oportunidades de investigación en el discurso económico y financiero o incluso en la enseñanza de la economía.
22
Angioni, Sara <1986>. "La sostituibilità del congiuntivo nei contesti di italiano parlato - Analisi di un corpus". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4504.
Texto completoResumen
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit analysiere ich die Verteilung der Modi und der
Satzstrukturen in potentiellen Konjunktivsätzen im italienischen, anhand einer Korpusanalyse von Dialogen zwischen mehreren Gesprächspartnern in semi-formalen Kontexten. Ziel hierbei ist es die gegenwärtige Tendenz der italienischen Standardsprache zu untersuchen, indem der Häufigkeitsgrad der alternativen
syntaktischen und verbalen Strategien, d.h. des Indikativs, des Konditionals, und der Infinitivsätze, im Verhältnis zum Konjunktiv überprüft wird. Das analysierte
Material, bestehend aus transkribierten Konversationen in Polittalks und anderen
Fernsehdebatten, wurde anhand der Formalität des Registers zusammengestellt.
Nach einer quantitativen Analyse des Sprachverhaltens bei Konjunktivprädikaten,
werden die Daten im Hinblick auf spezifische syntaktische und pragmatische Eigenschaften einiger bedeutender Beispiele untersucht.
Anhand einer vergleichenden Analyse des Korpus mit einer Auswahl aus dem
1993 zusammengestellten Korpus für das Frequenzlexikon der gesprochenen
italienischen Sprache (LIP: Lessico di Frequenza dell'Italiano parlato) wird auch die Evolution des italienischen in Bezug auf eventuelle Veränderungen im
Sprachverhalten bei potentiellen Konjunktivsätzen untersucht.
Die Daten zeigen, dass der Infinitivsatz die am häufigsten gebrauchte Strategie ist, während der Konjunktiv im Rahmen der expliziten Subordination der am meisten
gebrauchte Modus ist, mit Ausnahme von eingebetteten Strukturen die von "non è
che" eingeleitet werden, bei denen der Indikativ Präsens überwiegt. Insgesamt
betrachtet kommen die anderen Modi seltener vor, allerdings sind sie in allen potentiellen konjunktivischen Kontexten vorhanden. Indikativ und Konditional werden am häufigsten mit verba putandi gebraucht und eher selten mit Konjunktionen wie "malgrado", "nonostante", "di modo che" etc. oder bei linksversetzten Phrasen. Wie wir sehen werden, hat in 20 Jahren der Gebrauch des Indikativs anstelle des Konjunktivs nicht zugenommen. Allerdings hat sich der alternative Gebrauch des Indikativs in Norditalien weiter ausgeprägt. Die
geographische Diskrepanz hat sich somit eingeebnet, was dazu führt, dass der
Indikativ in konjuntivischen Nebensätzen nicht mehr zwangsläufig ein Merkmal des
mittel- und süditalienischen Sprachverhaltens ist.
23
Fawi, Fathi Hassan Ahmed <1982>. "Le variazioni terminologiche in un corpus giuridico parallelo italiano-arabo: studio linguistico-computazionale". Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10274.
Texto completoResumen
La presente tesi si pone l’obiettivo di studiare le variazioni terminologiche in un corpus giuridico parallelo italiano-arabo, adottando un approccio linguistico-computazionale. La tesi parte dall’assunto che anche i linguaggi specialistici presentano delle variazioni a livello lessicale come è il caso della lingua comune, contrastando quindi con la teoria generale della terminologia basata sul principio di monosemia e univocità secondo il quale i termini, al fine di evitare qualsiasi ambiguità comunicativa, non devono subire delle variazioni.
Nel lavoro la componente linguistica si integra con i metodi statistici: mentre la parte linguistica si evidenzia nei capitoli riguardanti la variazione nei discorsi specializzati, i procedimenti di formazione delle parole in italiano e in arabo e l’analisi delle variazioni estratte dal corpus parallelo, le misure statistiche vengono adoperate, oltre che nella creazione e nell’annotazione del corpus parallelo, nell'estrazione, sia monolingue che bilingue, dei termini dal corpus e nell'individuazione delle variazioni terminologiche.
24
NOSEDA, VALENTINA. "CORPORA PARALLELI E LINGUISTICA CONTRASTIVA: AMPLIAMENTO E APPLICAZIONI DEL CORPUS ITALIANO - RUSSO NEL NACIONAL'NYJ KORPUS RUSSKOGO JAZYKA". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/24613.
Texto completoResumen
La Linguistica dei corpora - che fa uso di corpora elettronici annotati per lo studio delle lingue - è un approccio ormai diffuso e consolidato. I corpora paralleli, in particolare, in cui i testi in una lingua A sono allineati con la traduzione in lingua B, sono uno strumento molto utile nell’analisi contrastiva. La mancata disponibilità di corpora paralleli di qualità per le lingue di nostro interesse - russo e italiano - ci ha portati a volere ampliare e migliorare il corpus parallelo italiano-russo presente come corpus pilota nel Nacional’nyj Korpus Russkogo Jazyka (Corpus Nazionale della Lingua Russa). Il presente lavoro ha avuto pertanto uno scopo applicativo e uno teorico. Da un lato, dopo aver studiato le questioni imprescindibili per la progettazione di un corpus di qualità, sono stati stabiliti i criteri per l’ampliamento e inseriti nuovi testi, consentendo così al corpus parallelo di passare da 700.000 a più di 4 milioni di parole, entità che consente ora di condurre ricerche scientificamente valide. In seguito, sono state proposte tre analisi corpus-based così da mettere in luce le potenzialità del corpus ampliato: lo studio dei verbi prefissali di memoria russi e la loro resa in italiano; il confronto tra il causativo analitico italiano “fare + infinito” e il causativo russo; l’analisi comparata di quindici versioni italiane de Il Cappotto di N. Gogol’. Le tre analisi hanno consentito di avanzare innanzitutto osservazioni di carattere metodologico in vista di un ulteriore ampliamento e miglioramento del corpus parallelo italiano-russo. In secondo luogo, la prospettiva corpus-based si è dimostrata utile per approfondire lo studio di questi temi dal punto di vista teorico.Corpus Linguistics - which exploits electronic annotated corpora in the study of languages - is a widespread and consolidated approach. In particular, parallel corpora, where texts in a language are aligned with their translation in a second language, are an extremely useful tool in contrastive analysis. The lack of good parallel corpora for the languages of our interest - Russian and Italian - has led us to work for improving the Italian-Russian parallel corpus available as a pilot corpus in the Russian National Corpus. Therefore, this work had a twofold aim: practical and theoretical. On the one hand, after studying the essential issues for designing a high-quality corpus, all the criteria for expanding the corpus were established and the number of texts was increased, allowing the Italian-Russian parallel corpus, which counted 700.000 words, to reach more than 4 million words. As a result, it is now possible to conduct scientifically valid research based on this corpus. On the other hand, three corpus-based analyses were proposed in order to highlight the potential of the corpus: the study of prefixed Russian memory verbs and their translation into Italian; the comparison between the Italian analytic causative "fare + infinitive" and Russian causative verbs; The comparative analysis of fifteen Italian versions of The Overcoat by N. Gogol'. These analyses first of all allowed to advance some methodological remarks considering a further enlargement and improvement of the Italian-Russian parallel corpus. Secondly, the corpus-based approach has proved to be useful in deepening the study of these topics from a theoretical point of view.
25
NOSEDA, VALENTINA. "CORPORA PARALLELI E LINGUISTICA CONTRASTIVA: AMPLIAMENTO E APPLICAZIONI DEL CORPUS ITALIANO - RUSSO NEL NACIONAL'NYJ KORPUS RUSSKOGO JAZYKA". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/24613.
Texto completoResumen
La Linguistica dei corpora - che fa uso di corpora elettronici annotati per lo studio delle lingue - è un approccio ormai diffuso e consolidato. I corpora paralleli, in particolare, in cui i testi in una lingua A sono allineati con la traduzione in lingua B, sono uno strumento molto utile nell’analisi contrastiva. La mancata disponibilità di corpora paralleli di qualità per le lingue di nostro interesse - russo e italiano - ci ha portati a volere ampliare e migliorare il corpus parallelo italiano-russo presente come corpus pilota nel Nacional’nyj Korpus Russkogo Jazyka (Corpus Nazionale della Lingua Russa). Il presente lavoro ha avuto pertanto uno scopo applicativo e uno teorico. Da un lato, dopo aver studiato le questioni imprescindibili per la progettazione di un corpus di qualità, sono stati stabiliti i criteri per l’ampliamento e inseriti nuovi testi, consentendo così al corpus parallelo di passare da 700.000 a più di 4 milioni di parole, entità che consente ora di condurre ricerche scientificamente valide. In seguito, sono state proposte tre analisi corpus-based così da mettere in luce le potenzialità del corpus ampliato: lo studio dei verbi prefissali di memoria russi e la loro resa in italiano; il confronto tra il causativo analitico italiano “fare + infinito” e il causativo russo; l’analisi comparata di quindici versioni italiane de Il Cappotto di N. Gogol’. Le tre analisi hanno consentito di avanzare innanzitutto osservazioni di carattere metodologico in vista di un ulteriore ampliamento e miglioramento del corpus parallelo italiano-russo. In secondo luogo, la prospettiva corpus-based si è dimostrata utile per approfondire lo studio di questi temi dal punto di vista teorico.Corpus Linguistics - which exploits electronic annotated corpora in the study of languages - is a widespread and consolidated approach. In particular, parallel corpora, where texts in a language are aligned with their translation in a second language, are an extremely useful tool in contrastive analysis. The lack of good parallel corpora for the languages of our interest - Russian and Italian - has led us to work for improving the Italian-Russian parallel corpus available as a pilot corpus in the Russian National Corpus. Therefore, this work had a twofold aim: practical and theoretical. On the one hand, after studying the essential issues for designing a high-quality corpus, all the criteria for expanding the corpus were established and the number of texts was increased, allowing the Italian-Russian parallel corpus, which counted 700.000 words, to reach more than 4 million words. As a result, it is now possible to conduct scientifically valid research based on this corpus. On the other hand, three corpus-based analyses were proposed in order to highlight the potential of the corpus: the study of prefixed Russian memory verbs and their translation into Italian; the comparison between the Italian analytic causative "fare + infinitive" and Russian causative verbs; The comparative analysis of fifteen Italian versions of The Overcoat by N. Gogol'. These analyses first of all allowed to advance some methodological remarks considering a further enlargement and improvement of the Italian-Russian parallel corpus. Secondly, the corpus-based approach has proved to be useful in deepening the study of these topics from a theoretical point of view.
26
Boccaccini, Ambra. "Corpus (italiano - spagnolo) per la mediazione linguistica nelle cliniche di fecondazione assistita in spagna". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9149/.
Texto completoResumen
Corpus realizzato con i programmi BootCat e AntConc pensato per la mediazione nelle cliniche di fecondazione assistita in Spagna. In queste cliniche numerosi interpreti lavorano al fine di garantire una comunicazione efficace tra medici e pazienti.
27
Spinoglio, Francesco. "Las pirámides etnolingüísticas. Estudio contrastivo entre el español y el italiano basado en corpus". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/459071.
Texto completoResumen
En esta tesis de investigación, de carácter interlingüístico por ahondar en los contrastes entre lenguas e interdisciplinar por acercarse a la neurociencia, se realiza un estudio contrastivo desde la perspectiva de la etnolingüística entre el español y el italiano, y se propone una visualización de datos que hemos denominado "pirámides etnolingüísticas".
Para llevar a cabo el estudio, se han escogido tres ámbitos culturales concretos (la religión, el fútbol y los toros) y se han formulado tres hipótesis de partida: en primer lugar, que es en las expresiones donde se puede apreciar la influencia de la cultura en la lengua; en segundo lugar, que es posible utilizar los corpus para demostrar que la afinidad etnolingüísticas entre dos lenguas aparentemente similares como el español y el italiano es solo parcial, y, por último, que con ámbitos culturales no compartidos, como en el caso de los toros entre el español y el italiano, la visualización de las expresiones presenta grandes diferencias.
En lugar de buscar directamente las expresiones en diccionarios especializados, se ha optado por seguir el método inductivo Data-driven, que consiste en extraer conclusiones y demostrar las hipótesis iniciales a partir del análisis de datos, eje vertebrador de toda la investigación. Para ello, se ha utilizado una metodología mixta basada en la triangulación de datos que consta de tres pasos: la realización de un brainstorming para obtener el mayor número de palabras, la búsqueda en los corpus para ir de las ocurrencias a las expresiones y la visualización de datos en las pirámides para ordenar y analizar las expresiones seleccionadas. Con esta metodología se aspira a encontrar el mayor número de expresiones relacionadas con el ámbito cultural en cuestión (objetivo A), ordenar y visualizar los datos obtenidos dentro de unas pirámides para realizar un primer análisis contrastivo entre el español y el italiano (objetivo B) y, por último, demostrar que la cultura influye de manera diferente en cada lengua, incluso con ámbitos culturales afines, ya que depende de la creatividad de los hablantes, de la imitación del propio ser humano gracias a la función de las neuronas espejo y también de la historicidad (objetivo C).
En definitiva, con las pirámides etnolingüísticas se pretende reflejar aspectos de la cosmovisión colectiva en español y en italiano a partir de una visualización de datos que puede ayudar a entender mejor a “los otros”, facilitando la inmersión cultural y el aprendizaje de una L2.In this thesis, that explores the contrast between languages with the approach to the neuroscience, we realize a contrastive study in the field of the ethnolinguistics between Spanish and Italian, offering a visualization of data that we have named "ethnolinguistic pyramids". In order to carry out this study, three specific cultural spheres (religion, football and bulls) have been chosen and three basic hypotheses have been formulated: firstly, there are expressions where one can appreciate the influence of culture in the language; secondly, that it is possible to use corpora to show that the ethnolinguistic affinity between two similar languages, such as Spanish and Italian, is only partial, and, finally, with non-shared cultural spheres, as is the case of bulls in Spanish and Italian, the display of expressions presents significant differences. Instead of looking directly for expressions in specialized dictionaries, we have chosen to follow the inductive Data-driven method by a drawing conclusions and demonstrating the initial hypotheses from data analysis, the backbone of all research. To this end, a mixed methodology based on triangulation of data has been used, consisting of three steps: brainstorming to obtain the highest number of words, corpora search to go from occurrences to expressions and visualization of data in the pyramids to sort and analyze the selected expressions. With this methodology, we aim to find the greatest number of expressions related to the cultural sphere in question (objective A), to order and visualize the data obtained within a pyramid to perform a contrastive analysis between Spanish and Italian (objective B) and, finally, to show that culture influences each language differently, even between related cultural spheres, since it reflects the creativity of the speakers and the imitation processes of the human being thanks to the mirror neurons and also the historicity (objective C). Finally, the "ethnolinguistic pyramids" are intended to reflect aspects of the collective worldview in Spanish and Italian, identifiable from a data visualization that can help to better understand "the other peoples", facilitating cultural immersion and L2 learning.
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Cruz, Aline Matos da. "O traduzir como terceira margem : aspectos da narrativa rosiana "Campo Geral" na versão traduzida para o italiano por Edoardo Bizzarri /". São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99097.
Texto completoResumen
Orientador: Maria Celeste Tommasello RamosCoorientador: Diva Cardoso de Camargo
Banca: Cátia Inês Negrão Berlini de Andrade
Banca: Lucia Granja
Resumo: Este trabalho pretende analisar três aspectos temáticos da narrativa rosiana "Campo Geral", a saber, o olhar, enquanto representação da inadequação de Miguilim perante a vida; as estórias, como símbolo de sua sensibilidade poética; e a religiosidade, no que tange ao desenvolvimento de sua fé ao longo do texto. Com o intuito de observarmos como o tradutor Edoardo Bizzarri os reescreveu na língua italiana, nosso objetivo é o de refletir sobre o texto em italiano, partindo das seguintes questões: como se deram as escolhas do tradutor com relação aos vocábulos cujo significado é desconhecido ou diversificado para o leitor italiano? Suas soluções tradutórias seriam mais explicativas ou criativas? Para tanto, buscamos entender o ato de traduzir como sendo uma analogia da terceira margem, ou seja, como uma ação que perpassa tanto a língua de partida (margem de cá), quanto à de chegada (margem de lá), fazendo da tradução uma linguagem própria, que se constrói em meio as diferenças entre as línguas. Dessa forma, para embasarmos nossa proposta, partimos de alguns aportes teóricos propostos por Walter Benjamin (2001), no que diz respeito à questão da traduzibilidade de cada texto, e de Antoine Berman (2007), ao enxergar a tradução como sendo experiência nela mesma, ou seja, que nasce da vivencia de quem a está conduzindo. Nesse sentido, nossa metodologia configurou-se dentro do tema proposto, levantando as principais características do texto original e analisando-as em concomitância com o texto traduzido, além disso, recorremos ao uso das ferramentas computacionais do programa WordSmith Tools, propostas pela Linguística de Corpus, com as quais pudemos ter acesso às palavras-chaves relacionadas aos temas em questão, bem como às linhas de concordâncias e número de recorrência dessas palavras no... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The present study aims at analyzing three thematic aspects of 'Campo Geral', by Guimarães Rosa. Those are: the look, as representing Miguilim's unfitness towards life; the stories, as a symbol of his poetic sensitivity; and the religiosity, regarding his faith development throughout the text. In order to observe how the translator Edoardo Bizarri rewrote them in Italian, our goal is to think about the text in Italian, posing the following questions: what lead the translator's lexical choices when facing words the meaning of which are unknown or diverse for the Italian reader? His translation solutions are more explanatory or creative? In order to conduct such research, we sought to understand the act of translating as an analogy for the third margin. In other words, it is an action that goes through the source language (this margin) and the target language (that other margin), making the translation a new language that shines through even the differences between both languages. Therefore, we used some of the concepts by Walter Benjamin (2001) as a theoretical basis regarding the ability of being translated in each text, and by Antoine Berman (2007), for whom the translation is an experience itself born from the translator's active experience. Our methodology was shaped within the proposed topic, indicating the main features from the source text and analyzing them at the same time as the translated text. Besides that, we used tools from the program WordSmith Tools, related to the Corpus Linguistics, with the aid of which we could have access to the keywords related to the topics in question, as well as to concordance lines and number of occurrences in the text. Knowing that the books by Guimarães Rosa are full of local images and refined linguistic constructions, we observed that the translation options by Bizarri seek to maintain... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Toma, Ilaria <1997>. "Come riconoscere le fake news attraverso l’analisi qualitativa: studio linguistico di un corpus". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21704.
Texto completoResumen
Lo scopo del presente lavoro è quello di analizzare la tematica delle fake news attraverso un approccio linguistico qualitativo. La tesi si compone di tre capitoli. Nel primo viene fornita una descrizione dettagliata del fenomeno delle fake news da un punto di vista sociale, psicologico e culturale partendo dall’analisi del concetto di post-verità fino a giungere al confronto fra le attuali fake news e le informazioni false diffuse nel corso della storia. Successivamente, nel secondo capitolo, attraverso un approccio qualitativo sono stati analizzati diversi tratti linguistici essenziali per imparare a riconoscere le notizie false sul web. In particolare, sono stati approfonditi 4 domini linguistici: l’aspetto lessicale, morfosintattico e pragmatico; è stato inoltre indagato lo stile narrativo. Nel terzo ed ultimo capitolo, ciascun aspetto osservato è stato poi impiegato nell’analisi del corpus di fake news selezionato.
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Blanchet, Hugo. "Ensembles théonymiques de l’Italie médio-républicaine : pour une étude linguistique des corpus épigraphiques et des sources littéraires". Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0071.
Texto completoResumen
Le présent ouvrage entend proposer une vision d’ensemble des panthéons de l’Italie antique d’époque républicaine, à travers l’étude des ensembles théonymiques des trois principales langues italiques dont l’épigraphie nous a laissé de nombreuses attestations de date contemporaine : osque, ombrien, latin. Dans le domaine osque, l’inscription de la Table d’Agnone révèle selon nous une forte empreinte de l’hellénisme, mais son organisation met également en lumière des faits théologiques, et des théonymes, proprement italiques, que l’on retrouve par exemple dans le monde latin, et dans d’autres corpus osques : ainsi dans le sanctuaire de Rossano di Vaglio, nous observons de telles de convergences italiques, comme l’association du monde agraire au domaine militaire, ainsi que des figures de divinités féminines qui échappent aux grilles de classification trifonctionnelle. À la différence de la Table d’Agnone, ainsi que du sanctuaire de Pietrabbondante qui marque vraisemblablement une plus grande influence romaine, celui de Rossano présente des divinités qui semblent davantage indigènes ; pourtant la dimension hellénisée d’un tel sanctuaire ne doit pas non plus être mise à l’écart, elle est par ailleurs confirmée par l’archéologie. Dans le domaine ombrien, les Tables Eugubines et leurs nombreuses divinités révèlent une théologie complexe, qui montre de nombreux points de comparaison avec le monde latin, mais vraisemblablement également avec le monde étrusque, dont la théonymie est intrinsèquement liée, pour une partie du panthéon du moins, aux langues italiques. Enfin, la comparaison avec les corpus de divinités du monde latin, notamment la série des coupes en céramique des pocola deorum du Latium, mais également à Préneste et dans l’ager Faliscus, semble également confirmer le rôle majeur des échanges entre les théologies italique, grecque, étrusque. Nous montrons par ailleurs comment ces échanges s’appuient sur des processus linguistiques précis, à travers les emprunts, calques morphosémantiques, traductions, syncrétismes et interprétationsIn this work, we intend to provide a broad overview of Ancient Italian pantheons from the Republican age through the study of god names. Our study focuses on theonymic groups from the three main Italic langages, which possess to this day the largest epigraphical corpus, i.e. Oscan, Umbrian and Latin. On the Oscan side, the Tablet of Agnone bears testimony of a profoundly Hellenized background, but its structure also reveals typically Italic theological features as well as theonyms. Similar features can be found in the Roman world and other Oscan corpora, especially the sanctuary of Mefitis at Rossano di Vaglio, which is central in our study. One may notice, for example, the common association of agrarian divinities to military contexts, or the importance of feminine divinities, which elude trifunctional classification. Unlike the tablet of Agnone or the Pietrabbondante sanctuary, which bear more significant traces of Roman influence, the sanctuary of Rossano seems to present a more indigenous set of theonyms – although we have to keep in mind that the site also belongs to Hellenized territory, as confirmed/demonstrated by archeological research. On the Umbrian side, the Iguvine Tablets reveal a complex theology, and some features which are very similar to what we can find in Latin and Etruscan worlds – the latter showing significant Italic influence in its theonymy. Finally, comparisons with Latin corpora, such as the pocola deorum ceramics collection from Latium, and with Faliscan and Praenestine Latin, confirm the major part played by exchanges between Italic, Greek, and Etruscan theologies. This work also demonstrates how these exchanges rely on specific linguistic processes, viz. borrowings, morphosemantic calques, translations, syncretism and interpretations
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Canonero, Lucia. "Ampliamento del corpus EPTIC e studio di caso sulle coppie inglese-italiano e inglese-francese". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Buscar texto completoResumen
L'obiettivo di questa tesi è duplice. Da un lato, si presenta l'espansione dello European Parliament Translation and Intepreting Corpus (EPTIC) con l'aggiunta di trascrizioni di interpretazioni dall'inglese in italiano e delle traduzioni corrispondenti. Dall'altro, si illustra il case study che è stato condotto sul corpus per confrontare le interpretazioni francesi e italiane di discorsi inglesi. Nel primo capitolo viene presentato il background teorico della tesi. Si introducono la Corpus Linguistics e i Corpus-based Translation Studies (CBTS), così come i Corpus-based Interpreting Studies (CBIS) e i corpora intermodali. L'ultima parte del capitolo si focalizza sulle premesse teoriche del case study, ossia sulla posizione dei modificatori di sostantivi in inglese e sulle sue conseguenze per l'interpretazione in italiano e francese. Per definire il background teorico dello studio vengono menzionate le precedenti analisi condotte sulla pre-modificazione nell’ambito dei CBIS. Il secondo capitolo è dedicato al corpus EPTIC, al suo sviluppo e alle sue applicazioni. Nell'ultima parte del capitolo viene presentato l’ampliamento del corpus realizzato nell’ambito di questa tesi. Il terzo capitolo è dedicato alla presentazione del case study, ovvero l'analisi dell’interpretazione in italiano e francese di discorsi in inglese contenenti pre-modificatori; l'ipotesi iniziale è che gli interpreti verso le due lingue romanze utilizzino strategie simili. Si illustra inoltre la classificazione delle strategie interpretative adottata. I risultati dello studio sono presentati da un punto di vista quantitativo e qualitativo nel quarto capitolo, mentre nel quinto si formulano alcune osservazioni generali sull’interpretazione verso le lingue romanze e sui limiti e i vantaggi dell'applicazione dell'approccio corpus-based agli studi di interpretazione. Infine, si forniscono alcuni suggerimenti per futuri sviluppi degli studi sull'interpretazione dei pre-modificatori nelle lingue romanze.
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Lambertini, Vincenzo <1986>. "Approccio linguistico e corpus-driven al proverbio italiano e francese: alla ricerca della forma perduta". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7727/1/lambertini_vincenzo_tesi.pdf.
Texto completoResumen
Lo studio in oggetto è volto a reperire una metodologia di ricerca sui proverbi, basata su corpora linguistici e guidata dall’approccio corpus-driven.
Il primo capitolo si concentra sull’analisi linguistica del proverbio, cercando di evidenziarne le principali caratteristiche e problematiche. Anzitutto, il proverbio è una frase e non un costituente come può essere l’espressione idiomatica. In secondo luogo, la sua semantica funziona su tre piani distinti: il proverbio, infatti, ha un significato composizionale, ma anche un significato paremiologico e, quando viene enunciato, veicola un messaggio.
Nel secondo capitolo, dopo aver preso in esame il rapporto tra linguistica dei corpora e paremiologia, abbiamo cercato di reperire una metodologia di ricerca automatica di proverbi in grandi corpora linguistici come itWaC e frWaC, i due corpora utilizzati nell’ambito della presente ricerca. Prendendo spunto da altri studi in ambito fraseologico, abbiamo capito l’importanza di effettuare concordanze di marcatori di proverbio per ottenere proverbi. I marcatori di proverbio utilizzati sono stati la parola proverbio per l’italiano e la parola proverbe per il francese.
Nel terzo e nel quarto capitolo, abbiamo illustrato dettagliatamente le tappe della nostra ricerca. L’analisi ha mostrato il vero funzionamento dei proverbi in contesto e ha evidenziato comportamenti molto interessanti, come la modifica e la creazione del proverbio.
Nel complesso, lo studio mostra chiaramente che i proverbi sono ancora utilizzati e perfino creati, ecco perché la ricerca non può fermarsi. Inoltre, l’analisi dei dati reali può fare giungere a risultati non solo più precisi, ma anche innovativi.This research aims at giving some methodological guidance for the study of proverbs through corpora. In the first chapter, the analysis of the linguistics of proverbs highlights their main characteristics. Firstly, they are sentences – not phrases; secondly, their semantics concerns three different levels, since they have a compositional meaning, a paremiological meaning and, when uttered, they convey a message. In chapter two, after highlighting the relationship between corpus linguistics and pariemology, I have searched for a methodology to automatically find proverbs in very big corpora, such as itWaC and frWaC, the two corpora used in this research. Drawing on studies from other fields, such as phraseology, I have realised that proverbs can be found through the concordance of their marker. In this research, these markers of proverbs are the words proverbio, for Italian proverbs, and proverbe, for French proverbs. Chapters three and four practically illustrate how our research has been carried out. The analysis has focused on identifying the main features characterizing our proverbs and their functioning in real contexts. In particular, great importance has been attached to variation and creativity in proverbs, proving that we are still modifying and inventing proverbs. This study clearly shows that proverbs are still in use, on the one hand, and that research on proverbs needs further and more thorough investigation, on the other. However, in order to obtain even more satisfying results, proverbs must be investigated using real data.
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Lambertini, Vincenzo <1986>. "Approccio linguistico e corpus-driven al proverbio italiano e francese: alla ricerca della forma perduta". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7727/.
Texto completoResumen
Lo studio in oggetto è volto a reperire una metodologia di ricerca sui proverbi, basata su corpora linguistici e guidata dall’approccio corpus-driven.
Il primo capitolo si concentra sull’analisi linguistica del proverbio, cercando di evidenziarne le principali caratteristiche e problematiche. Anzitutto, il proverbio è una frase e non un costituente come può essere l’espressione idiomatica. In secondo luogo, la sua semantica funziona su tre piani distinti: il proverbio, infatti, ha un significato composizionale, ma anche un significato paremiologico e, quando viene enunciato, veicola un messaggio.
Nel secondo capitolo, dopo aver preso in esame il rapporto tra linguistica dei corpora e paremiologia, abbiamo cercato di reperire una metodologia di ricerca automatica di proverbi in grandi corpora linguistici come itWaC e frWaC, i due corpora utilizzati nell’ambito della presente ricerca. Prendendo spunto da altri studi in ambito fraseologico, abbiamo capito l’importanza di effettuare concordanze di marcatori di proverbio per ottenere proverbi. I marcatori di proverbio utilizzati sono stati la parola proverbio per l’italiano e la parola proverbe per il francese.
Nel terzo e nel quarto capitolo, abbiamo illustrato dettagliatamente le tappe della nostra ricerca. L’analisi ha mostrato il vero funzionamento dei proverbi in contesto e ha evidenziato comportamenti molto interessanti, come la modifica e la creazione del proverbio.
Nel complesso, lo studio mostra chiaramente che i proverbi sono ancora utilizzati e perfino creati, ecco perché la ricerca non può fermarsi. Inoltre, l’analisi dei dati reali può fare giungere a risultati non solo più precisi, ma anche innovativi.This research aims at giving some methodological guidance for the study of proverbs through corpora. In the first chapter, the analysis of the linguistics of proverbs highlights their main characteristics. Firstly, they are sentences – not phrases; secondly, their semantics concerns three different levels, since they have a compositional meaning, a paremiological meaning and, when uttered, they convey a message. In chapter two, after highlighting the relationship between corpus linguistics and pariemology, I have searched for a methodology to automatically find proverbs in very big corpora, such as itWaC and frWaC, the two corpora used in this research. Drawing on studies from other fields, such as phraseology, I have realised that proverbs can be found through the concordance of their marker. In this research, these markers of proverbs are the words proverbio, for Italian proverbs, and proverbe, for French proverbs. Chapters three and four practically illustrate how our research has been carried out. The analysis has focused on identifying the main features characterizing our proverbs and their functioning in real contexts. In particular, great importance has been attached to variation and creativity in proverbs, proving that we are still modifying and inventing proverbs. This study clearly shows that proverbs are still in use, on the one hand, and that research on proverbs needs further and more thorough investigation, on the other. However, in order to obtain even more satisfying results, proverbs must be investigated using real data.
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Di, Filippo Giulia. "Corpora e traduzione editoriale: ricezione e analisi comparata delle traduzioni italiane de La pesquisa di Juan José Saer". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20494/.
Texto completoResumen
Questo elaborato si pone come obiettivo quello di indagare la traiettoria editoriale di Saer in Argentina e in Italia e, in particolare, quello di analizzare il caso della ritraduzione de La pesquisa in Italia. Viene proposta, quindi, un’analisi comparata delle due traduzioni esistenti, pubblicate entrambe con il titolo L’indagine a pochi anni di distanza l’una dall’altra. L’analisi comparativa dei due testi di arrivo si basa sullo studio di diversi ricercatori in un ambito che sta acquisendo sempre più importanza nel campo letterario, la stilistica basata su corpora. Molte delle tecniche a cui ricorre quest’ultima sono utilizzate anche in ambito traduttivo, nella sfera di indagine che prende il nome di translational stylistics.
Nel primo capitolo presenterò la biografia dell’autore e la sua traiettoria editoriale sia in Argentina che in Italia. Nel secondo capitolo presenterò l’analisi del testo di partenza, La pesquisa. Nel terzo introdurrò, invece, i corpora, spiegando cosa sono, elencandone le diverse tipologie e spiegando in che modo e in quali ambiti possono essere applicati. Mi soffermerò in particolar modo sui punti di contatto tra la linguistica basata su corpora e la traduzione letteraria, illustrando i concetti di corpus stylistics e translational stylistics. Nel quarto capitolo, infine, mi concentrerò sulla ricezione delle due diverse traduzioni in Italia, con lo scopo di far luce sui motivi che spingono un editore a considerare di ritradurre un’opera. Al termine dei quattro capitoli, verranno presentate le conclusioni raggiunte in relazione al mio progetto di ricerca e ai possibili sviluppi futuri.
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Ribeiro, Renato Railo. "Atos de fala em dicionários híbridos italiano>português-brasileiro: sugestão para dicionarização de ilocuções via corpora". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8148/tde-29012016-130432/.
Texto completoResumen
O objetivo do estudo foi sugerir a inserção, em dicionários híbridos italiano>portuguêsbrasileiro tais como o Parola Chiave (2012), de informações acerca da dimensão pragmático-ilocucionária de ambas as línguas, a partir do uso de corpora eletrônicos. A metodologia empregada foi a seguinte: (a) fundamentação teórica, baseada: no conceito de Lexicografia de Krieger (2008) e no de dicionário híbrido de Höfling, Silva e Tosqui (2004); no de Pragmática Linguística e no de atos de fala de Bianchi (2008) e Sbisà (2009); no de Linguística de Corpus de Berber-Sardinha (2000), (2003) e (2004) e Tagnin (2004) e (2013); (b) estabelecimento de critérios para a investigação de ilocuções em corpora italiano e português-brasileiro, a saber: adoção da teoria dos atos de fala proposta por Austin (1990[1975]) (em função de seu critério para reconhecimento de ilocuções, a forma verbal na primeira pessoa do singular do presente do indicativo na voz ativa, e de sua associação ilocuções-verbos); adoção de dois corpora online, Corpus Paisà e Corpus do Português (o primeiro do italiano, o segundo do português-brasileiro, escolhidos em função da extensão de cada um, o que os torna representativos de suas respectivas línguas); adoção de cinco verbos ilocucionários comissivos do italiano, promettere, giurare, assicurare, impegnarsi, garantire (em função da mútua relação sinonímica que possuem entre si, segundo o dicionário Sinonimi e contrari minore (2009)); adoção de cinco verbos ilocucionários comissivos do português-brasileiro, prometer, jurar, assegurar, comprometer-se, garantir (em função de serem semanticamente equivalentes aos respectivos verbos italianos, segundo o Parola Chiave); adoção da forma verbal citada acima como sintaxe de busca para pesquisa em corpora; (c) análise qualitativa e quantitativa: obtiveram-se os números totais de ocorrências de cada ilocução; realizou-se uma análise qualitativa de modo a excluir casos anômalos, cujos critérios de exclusão foram: casos de homonímia, negação, repetição e ininteligibilidade; após obtenção dos números reais, excluíram-se da pesquisa as ilocuções mi impegno e comprometo-me/ me comprometo (em função da baixa frequência); (d) discussão acerca das possibilidades de dicionarização de ilocuções a partir dos resultados de corpora. Como resultado final, a sugestão foi a de inserir: na microestrutura, marcas de uso referentes às classes de ilocução; na micromedioestrutura, remissivas de modo a conduzir o leitor a um texto externo à nomenclatura; na macroestrutura, um texto externo à nomenclatura que contenha: (i) explicações referentes às classes de ilocuções e lista de respectivas espécies convencionalmente recorrentes do italiano dispostas segundo frequência; (ii) espécies de ilocuções equivalentes do português-brasileiro dispostas segundo frequência; (iii) exemplos de uso, retirados dos corpora, de tais verbos ilocucionários desempenhando sua função ilocucionária convencional.This study aims to suggest a method of inserting, in hybrid Italian>Brazilian-Portuguese dictionaries such as Parola Chiave (2012), information about the pragmaticillocutionary dimension of both languages, through electronic corpora. The methodology used was as follows: (a) theoretical foundation based on: Krieger\'s concept of Lexicography (2008) and Höfling, Silva & Tosqui\'s hybrid dictionary (2004); Bianchi (2008) and Sbisà\'s (2009) Pragmalinguistics and speech acts; Berber- Sardinha (2000, 2003, 2004) and Tagnin\'s (2004, 2013) Corpus Linguistics; (b) establishing criteria for illocution research in corpora, namely: adopting the theory of speech acts proposed by Austin (1990[1995]) as research paradigm (due to its criteria for recognizing illocutions, the verb form in the first-person singular of the present indicative in active voice and its illocution-verbs association); adopting two online corpora, Corpus Paisà and Portuguese Corpus (due to the length of each one, which makes them representative of their languages); adopting five Italian illocutionary verbs of commissive class, promettere, giuare, assicurare, impegnarsi, garantire (due to the mutual synonymy relation they have one to each other, according to Sinonimi e contrari minore (2009)); adopting five illocutionary verbs of Brazilian-Portuguese, as known: prometer, jurar, assegurar, comprometer-se, garantir (for being semantically equivalent to their corresponding verb in Italian, according to Parola Chiave (2009)); adopting the verb form mentioned above as syntax search to corpora research; (c) quantitative and qualitative analysis: the total number of occurrences of each illocution was obtained; a qualitative analysis was conducted in order to exclude anomalous cases, of which exclusion criteria were: cases of homonyms, denial, occurrences repetition and unintelligibility; a quantitative analysis was conducted in order to exclude the illocutions mi impegno and comprometo-me / me comprometo (due to their low frequency); (d) discussion around the possibilities of lexicographical records of illocutions from the results of corpora. As a final result, the suggestion was to insert: in the dictionary microstructure, signs of usage referring to illocution classes; in its micromediumstructure: cross references in order to conduct the reader to a section out of nomenclature; in its macrostructure: a text, external to the nomenclature, containing: (i) explanations related to illocution classes and a list of conventionally recurring species of Italian arranged by frequency; (ii) equivalent illocutions species of Portuguese- Brazilian arranged by frequency; (iii) examples of usage, taken from the corpora, of illocutionary verbs performing their conventional illocutionary function.
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Stragapede, Erika. "Allargamento e analisi di un Corpus Intermodale: le parole chiave del Sottocorpus di Italiano di EPTIC_2011". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12787/.
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La presente tesi, articolata in quattro capitoli, propone uno studio esemplificativo sulle differenze esistenti tra i testi tradotti e interpretati condotto per mezzo di EPTIC_2011 (European Parliament Translation and Interpreting Corpus), il corpus intermodale che raccoglie le traduzioni e le interpretazioni, nonché le versioni in lingua originale, degli interventi esposti in seduta plenaria. I primi tre capitoli sono volti a fornire gli elementi conoscitivi propedeutici alla realizzazione di tale studio. In particolare, nel primo capitolo si è voluto indagare i servizi di traduzione e interpretazione offerti dal Parlamento europeo, al fine di comprendere le modalità con cui sono state prodotte le traduzioni e le interpretazioni raccolte in EPTIC_2011. Nel secondo capitolo è offerto il background teorico di riferimento inteso a inquadrare lo studio basato su corpus che è stato condotto nella presente tesi. Più specificamente, in questa sede si discute di corpus linguistics, Translation Studies e Interpreting Studies, e delle due discipline risultanti dalla nevralgica interazione tra questi tre ambiti di ricerca: i Corpus-based Translation Studies e i Corpus-based Interpreting Studies. Il terzo capitolo è dedicato, invece, a EPTIC_2011 e, in particolare, a uno dei suoi corpora costitutivi: EPTIC_01_02_2011, l’ampliamento realizzato nel corso del presente lavoro che raccoglie materiale attinto dalle sedute plenarie di gennaio e febbraio 2011. Il quarto capitolo, infine, è dedicato allo studio esemplificativo oggetto di questo elaborato. In particolare, nella prima parte viene definito l’obiettivo della ricerca e descritto il metodo delle keyword che è stato utilizzato per il suo conseguimento; mentre, nella seconda parte, si passa all’analisi delle keyword selezionate e classificate sulla base della categoria lessicale di appartenenza, e si procede alla discussione dei dati ottenuti, con l'obiettivo di fornire un breve quadro delle differenze esistenti tra i testi tradotti e interpretati.
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Depau, Giovanni. "Analyse du répertoire bilingue sarde-italien en milieu urbain". Phd thesis, Grenoble 3, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00758230.
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Notre recherche porte sur l'analyse qualitative d'un corpus de conversations spontanées, enregistrées dans un milieu urbain en Sardaigne (Italie). Plus précisément, nous avons focalisé notre attention sur Cagliari, capitale administrative et centre principal de l'île. De nombreux éléments sont pris en compte dans le cadre de notre recherche, à partir des spécificités du point d'investigation visé - la ville - et des questions théoriques et méthodologiques qui sont forcément liées à ce contexte d'analyse : interdisciplinarité de la recherche, choix des contextes d'enquête, techniques de recueil des données, etc. La situation italienne fournit un observatoire idéal pour l'analyse des phénomènes de bilinguisme, de diglossie, de changement et mélange codique, compte tenu de la large gamme de distances structurelles entre les codes en contact. Les données constituant notre corpus consistent d'un ensemble de textes oraux recueillis en situation de conversation spontanée dans des contextes d'interaction assez variés. Ces textes se situent à des divers degrés dans une échelle de formalité ayant à ses extrêmes des situations de type " formel " (Institutions publiques : employé - usagers) et respectivement, " informel " (sortie du lycée : étudiants). L'analyse de ce type de production spontanée nous permet d'illustrer l'évolution du répertoire linguistique " sarde-italien " et plus globalement du sarde en tant que langue minoritaire et " menacée ", dans une perspective dynamique qui ne veut pas être de type " archéologique " mais vise plutôt à mettre en relief la langue sarde dans son interaction quotidienne avec la langue nationale.
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Jeusset, Erwan. "Les images du forum romain et l'historiographie moderne : analyse d'un corpus documentaire". Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100048.
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Cette étude porte sur le forum, cet espace situé au coeur de la Cité romaine. D'abord lieu d'habitat sporadique, le forum va devenir une place monumentale à partir des Tarquins, au 6es. Et devenir le centre politique, religieux et économique de Rome. Notre recherche se porte cependant essentiellement sur l'époque impériale, car c'est l'image de cette époque que les auteurs ont le plus souvent restituée. Ces reconstitutions apparaissent surtout dans le dernier quart du 19es. , à l'époque où les fouilles sont en voie d'achèvement, ce qui n'empêche pas qu'elles comportent une part d'imagination. Le but de cette étude est de confronter, d'analyser les images restituées des monuments du forum, sur une période de près d'un siècle. Il faut y joindre les maquettes et les oeuvres connues sous le nom d' ±Envoi de Romeα. Il s'agissait de déterminer à chaque fois si l'auteur avait tenu compte du progrès des fouilles et des sources antiques, littéraires, numismatiques ou artistiques. La démarche est aussi historiographique : il s'agit de retracer l'histoire d'une image. Après une étude des images d'ensemble du forum, liée à l'histoire des fouilles, l'analyse s'est portée sur les représentations isolées de tel ou tel monument, puis enfin sur les rapports qu'entretiennent les architectes et les archéologues avec les images du Forum. L'oeuvre d'Huls en est de ce point de vue incontournable et mérite d'être reconnue. Enfin, on peut se demander pour quelles raisons le images contemporaines s'inspirent de celles de la foin du 19e s. Et qu'on n'ose plus proposer de nouvelles images réactualisées. L'image courante que l'on a du forum romain est une image figéeThe matter of this study is the views and reconstitutions of the Forum's monuments realized during the 19e and 20e centuries. The Forum is the main place of ancient Rome, even in the imperial time. The excavations begin at the early 19e century but the first restitutions appear at the end of this time. The aim is to confront, analyse this illustrations of Forum's monuments, including the models and these particular images called "Envoi de Rome" realized by younth french architects during the 19e century. The step is double : estimate the part of accuracy of images and recall the story of these images. First we study the images who restitute all the place of the Forum, then each monument, one by one, and finally the relations between the architects and archeologists with Forum's images. In particular the work of Hülsen, a great german scientist, merit to be recognized. Finally this study try to demonstrate that the general image of the Roman Forum is a set image
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Piccato, Mariangela. "Création et exploitation d'un corpus trilingue du tourisme (italien/français/anglais) en vue de la réalisation d'une base de données lexicale informatisée". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20051.
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Au cours des dernières années, le secteur touristique a été caractérisé par toute une série de changements fondamentaux. L’un de ces changements, certainement le plus important, a été le fait d’être considéré aujourd’hui comme l’activité productive capable de faire tourner l’économie d’un pays entier.Notre mémoire de recherche se situe à l’intersection de la terminologie thématique, de la linguistique de corpus et du traitement automatique des langues.Dans le premier chapitre du travail que nous allons présenter, nous chercherons à introduire aux domaines d’études théoriques sur lesquels notre recherche s’appuie.Premièrement, on traitera de la linguistique de corpus et on examinera les différentes catégories de corpus existantes. On mettra l’accent sur deux notions fondamentales dans la conception de l’outil corpus en général et dans la création de notre corpus en particulier : représentativité et contexte. Au sein du discours touristique, la représentativité, d’un côté, se relie au caractère spécial de notre micro-langue ; le contexte, de l’autre, révèle la pluralité des sous-domaines qui composent ce technolecte à mi-chemin entre la langue générale et la langue spécialisée.Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous présenterons le corpus thématique trilingue (CTT) que nous avons créé préalablement à la rédaction de la thèse proprement dite.Avant tout, on fournira les indications théoriques et pragmatiques nécessaires pour réaliser un corpus trilingue en langue de spécialité : la collecte des textes, l’homogénéisation des échantillons textuels repérés et l’annotation. Au cours de ce chapitre, nous présenterons Alinea, l’instrument qu’on a utilisé pour l’alignement de textes recueillis et pour la consultation simultanée des traductions trilingues. Dans le troisième et dernier chapitre, on passera à l’interrogation du corpus créé. Sur la base d’un terme pris comme exemple, le terme ville, on lancera la recherche dans le CTT. Ensuite, on analysera les collocations les plus usitées contenant le mot ville.En guise de conclusion de notre mémoire, nous présenterons une annexe consacrée à notre glossaire trilingue comme résultat de notre exploration de la chaîne terminologique qu’on aura analysée précédemment. Pour conclure, l’objectif général de notre étude sera d’explorer la chaîne de gestion terminologique à travers la création d’un glossaire trilingue dans le domaine du tourisme. Notre orientation méthodologique de caractère sémasiologique impliquera ainsi au moins quatre objectifs spécifiques :• créer un corpus trilingue du tourisme (CTT), capable d’attester des usages en contexte des termes.• extraire des termes en utilisant des techniques diverses, telle que l’étude fréquentielle des éléments du corpus.• vérifier les données obtenues et les compléter à l’aide de ressources externes.• répertorier et décrire l’ensemble des termes sous forme d’un glossaire trilingue à sujet touristique (GTT)Our study concerns the language of tourism from a lexicographical perspective.Exploiting the web we realized a corpus ad hoc. This corpus is composed by about 10.000 texts in three languages (French, Italian and English), aligned using “Alinea”.Starting from terminological extraction, we analysed some collocations at the aim to create a trilingual and tri-directional glossary.We chose this subject according to the increasing importance taken from tourism economy in the world.Our study fields are thematic terminology, corpus linguistics and automatic language treatment.The first chapter presents the study field of our research. First of all, we introduced to corpus linguistics presenting the different categories of corpus and pointing out our attention on two main notions: representativeness and context.Therefore, we explained the link between Language for Special Purposes and tourism discourse as a Specialized Discourse.In the second chapter, we showed the trilingual thematic corpus we created during our researches. We described the main steps to create a corpus: collection of texts, cleaning and annotation.In this chapter, we gave a particular attention to the presentation of “Alinea”.Finally, the third chapter is a study of frequent collocations with the term “town” (ville).The annexes present the glossary as well as the methodological principals we followed in the redaction
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Allori, Fabio. "Analisi contrastiva di testi specialistici di ambito accademico in italiano e in russo per l’inserimento nel corpus parallelo italiano-russo del Nacional’nyj Korpus Russkogo Jazyka". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Il presente lavoro intende sviluppare un'analisi contrastiva di testi specialistici di ambito accademico in italiano e in russo, allo scopo di evidenziarne gli aspetti più rilevanti in ottica lessicale, morfosintattica e traduttiva e di contribuire con il loro inserimento all'ampliamento del corpus parallelo italiano-russo del Nacional'nyj Korpus Russkogo Jazyka (NKRJa). La tesi è suddivisa in quattro capitoli. Nel primo capitolo si introduce il tema della linguistica dei corpora, di cui vengono presentate caratteristiche, tipologie e possibili applicazioni nella ricerca linguistica. Viene inoltre introdotto il NKRJa, ne vengono elencati alcuni cenni storici riguardanti la formazione e ne viene fornita la struttura. Il secondo capitolo tratta la comunicazione specialistica in russo: viene descritto il sistema degli stili funzionali (funkcional'nye stili) e in particolare il naučnyj stil', lo stile scientifico. Nel terzo capitolo viene seguito un procedimento analogo per quanto riguarda la comunicazione specialistica in italiano. Il discorso accademico italiano non dispone di un sistema di stili come il russo; tuttavia ricorre a varietà specifiche della lingua, le lingue speciali, per soddisfare le proprie esigenze comunicative. Viene perciò data una descrizione di tali lingue e delle loro proprietà. Il quarto capitolo è dedicato all'analisi contrastiva: dapprima vengono descritti i testi selezionati, provenienti da atti di conferenza ed estratti di monografie, in numero di quattro in italiano e quattro in russo con le rispettive traduzioni. In seguito viene esposto il processo di allineamento dei testi di partenza con le traduzioni. Infine viene svolta l'analisi, focalizzata su aspetti lessicali e morfosintattici, nonché su alcune particolarità traduttive individuate nel corso dello studio.
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Michaud, Cécile. "Johann Heinrich Schönfeld (1609-1684) et l'Italie : recherches sur son séjour suivies d'un catalogue du corpus italien". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR20034.
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La présente thèse de doctorat traite de la relation à l'Italie du peintre allemand Johann Heinrich Schönfeld (1609-1684). Le travail se divise en deux parties distinctes : un texte d'analyse à partir de documents et de nos propres observations, puis un corpus de la production italienne. La présente thèse de doctorat traite de la relation à l'Italie du peintre allemand Johann Heinrich Schönfeld (1609-1684). Le travail se divise en deux parties distinctes : un texte d'analyse à partir de documents et de nos propres observations, puis un corpus de la production italienne. Le deuxième chapitre s'attache à montrer les phénomènes de réception, d'interprétation et d'interaction, autrement dit quels sont dans la péninsule les artistes et les œuvres qui marquent le plus le peintre et dessinateur Schönfeld, dans quelle mesure et comment celui-ci en fait usage pour ses propres créations. Entre Rome et Naples, les sources d'inspiration sont nombreuses, du patrimoine antique aux œuvres de la Renaissance, du maniérisme au renouveau du début du XVIIe siècle et aux créations contemporaines. Le troisième et dernier chapitre fait le lien avec la production postérieure à la période italienne, qui s'étend encore sur trois décennies (1651-1684) : spécificités de la production italienne par rapport à l'ensemble de l'œuvre, rôle de l'Italie et de la production italienne même dans les oeuvres allemandes de Schönfeld. Parallèlement à toutes ces réflexions, nous avons tenté de montrer l'originalité et la créativité de l'artiste, tout en replaçant au mieux son œuvre dans son espace géographique et temporel de création. Suivent un catalogue actualisé du corpus italien ainsi que des annexes (documents d'archives et autres sources écrites)The present thesis deals with the relation of the German painter Johann Heinrich Schönfeld (1609-1684) with Italy. It is divided into two different parts : a text of analysis based on documents and on my own observations, and then a corpus of the Italian works. .
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Le, Blay Frédéric. "La découverte du corps caché : la pensée physiologique entre médecine et philosophie dans le stoi͏̈cisme romain : Ier-IIe siècles ap. J.-C". Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT3018.
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En rompant avec le dualisme platonicien et en posant l'union de l'âme et du corps, les stoi͏̈ciens des deux premiers siècles de l'Empire romain confèrent au savoir du corps et à la pensée physiologique une place de choix au sein de la spéculation philosophique. Les auteurs se réclamant du Portique puisent ainsi dans les théories et les modèles médicaux pour soutenir leurs propres théories dans le domaine de la Physique comme dans celui de l'Éthique. Mais leur réflexion surpasse également celle des médecins puisque leur anthropologie et leur psychologie se fondent sur certaines notions d'ordre physiologique (la douleur, l'instinct, l'oikeiôsis) que les médecins de l'Antiquité ne font qu'effleurer, quand ils ne les ignorent pas. Enfin, le corps et le vivant apparaissent comme les figures paradigmatiques fondamentales de leur système. Ce statut particulier explique l'émergence d'une esthétique nouvelle qui influence les pratiques et l'écriture littérairesBy asserting the union of body and soul, the Roman Stoics of the first centuries of the Empire made a clear break with Platonic dualism and placed the knowledge of the body and physiology at the heart of philosophy. These authors found the inspiration for their own theories on Physics and Ethics in the theoretical models of medicine. But their thinking goes beyond simple medicine since they base their ideas of anthropology and psychology on certain notions of physiology like pain, instinct and oikeiôsis which are rarely, if ever, addressed by Greek and Roman doctors. Finally, the living organism comes to represent the fundamental paradigm of their system which explains the appearance of a new esthetics, influencing literature
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Cruz, Aline Matos da [UNESP]. "O traduzir como terceira margem: aspectos da narrativa rosiana Campo Geral na versão traduzida para o italiano por Edoardo Bizzarri". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99097.
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Este trabalho pretende analisar três aspectos temáticos da narrativa rosiana “Campo Geral”, a saber, o olhar, enquanto representação da inadequação de Miguilim perante a vida; as estórias, como símbolo de sua sensibilidade poética; e a religiosidade, no que tange ao desenvolvimento de sua fé ao longo do texto. Com o intuito de observarmos como o tradutor Edoardo Bizzarri os reescreveu na língua italiana, nosso objetivo é o de refletir sobre o texto em italiano, partindo das seguintes questões: como se deram as escolhas do tradutor com relação aos vocábulos cujo significado é desconhecido ou diversificado para o leitor italiano? Suas soluções tradutórias seriam mais explicativas ou criativas? Para tanto, buscamos entender o ato de traduzir como sendo uma analogia da terceira margem, ou seja, como uma ação que perpassa tanto a língua de partida (margem de cá), quanto à de chegada (margem de lá), fazendo da tradução uma linguagem própria, que se constrói em meio as diferenças entre as línguas. Dessa forma, para embasarmos nossa proposta, partimos de alguns aportes teóricos propostos por Walter Benjamin (2001), no que diz respeito à questão da traduzibilidade de cada texto, e de Antoine Berman (2007), ao enxergar a tradução como sendo experiência nela mesma, ou seja, que nasce da vivencia de quem a está conduzindo. Nesse sentido, nossa metodologia configurou-se dentro do tema proposto, levantando as principais características do texto original e analisando-as em concomitância com o texto traduzido, além disso, recorremos ao uso das ferramentas computacionais do programa WordSmith Tools, propostas pela Linguística de Corpus, com as quais pudemos ter acesso às palavras-chaves relacionadas aos temas em questão, bem como às linhas de concordâncias e número de recorrência dessas palavras no...
The present study aims at analyzing three thematic aspects of ‘Campo Geral’, by Guimarães Rosa. Those are: the look, as representing Miguilim’s unfitness towards life; the stories, as a symbol of his poetic sensitivity; and the religiosity, regarding his faith development throughout the text. In order to observe how the translator Edoardo Bizarri rewrote them in Italian, our goal is to think about the text in Italian, posing the following questions: what lead the translator’s lexical choices when facing words the meaning of which are unknown or diverse for the Italian reader? His translation solutions are more explanatory or creative? In order to conduct such research, we sought to understand the act of translating as an analogy for the third margin. In other words, it is an action that goes through the source language (this margin) and the target language (that other margin), making the translation a new language that shines through even the differences between both languages. Therefore, we used some of the concepts by Walter Benjamin (2001) as a theoretical basis regarding the ability of being translated in each text, and by Antoine Berman (2007), for whom the translation is an experience itself born from the translator’s active experience. Our methodology was shaped within the proposed topic, indicating the main features from the source text and analyzing them at the same time as the translated text. Besides that, we used tools from the program WordSmith Tools, related to the Corpus Linguistics, with the aid of which we could have access to the keywords related to the topics in question, as well as to concordance lines and number of occurrences in the text. Knowing that the books by Guimarães Rosa are full of local images and refined linguistic constructions, we observed that the translation options by Bizarri seek to maintain... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Tucci, Sara <1993>. "Il corpus epigrafico latino della Croazia e Dalmazia. Il rapporto con il Friulveneto e il Sud Italia". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13716.
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La ricerca svolta si propone di investigare il corpus delle epigrafi in latino delle aree della Croazia e Dalmazia per i secoli dall’VIII all’XI; a questo scopo verranno operate delle comparazioni tra la produzione croato-dalmata e lo stile epigrafico longobardo del Friuli e quello del Veneto, e con la produzione manoscritta dell’ordine Benedettino dei Ducati di Benevento e Spoleto. Per prima cosa si propone un inquadramento storico di ogni singola area geografica di interesse, sia singolarmente sia dal punto di vista delle relazioni che si instaurarono tra l’une e le altre; punto focale sarà chiarire gli avvenimenti storici più rilevanti della Croazia e Dalmazia, ed illustrare quegli eventi che agevolarono lo scambio culturale tra le aree qui prese in esame. Successivamente, si passerà a trattare nello specifico il corpus delle epigrafi croate; essendo lo scopo di questo studio la ricerca di quelle istanze che diedero vita al modello epigrafico croato e dalmata, questa sezione dell’elaborato sarà strutturata in modo da valorizzare le caratteristiche in comune tra le varie produzioni e, quindi, gli stili e i modelli che possono essere visti come fonti da cui attinse o da cui venne influenzata, la produzione epigrafica croata. Dopo un capitolo introduttivo sul gruppo delle epigrafi croate e dalmate, si proporranno due capitoli separati che analizzeranno, il primo il rapporto con l’Alto Adriatico, il secondo con la produzione manoscritta dei Benedettini e l’impatto che ebbero. Infine, si descriverà brevemente anche l’influsso del modello scrittorio carolingio, e ciò per tentare di chiarire il meglio possibile tutte le direzioni da cui provennero influssi che poi caratterizzarono il corpus epigrafico preso in esame.
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Mourabet, Mohamad Nabil. "Le corps expéditionnaire de Rome, 1848-1870". Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010563.
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Cette these retrace les peripeties de l'expedition francaise de rome dans sa preparation, sa conduite et ses suites. L'analyse d'un cas particulier permet de degager les moyens deployes par la france pour mettre en oeuvre sa politique exterieure. Ce sujet, limite dans son aspect militaire et dans le temps, 1848-1870, s'inscrit dans un contexte general pour la france : l'histoire de la iie republique et le second empire, pour l'italie : c'est la guerre d'independance et l'unite italienne. Le plan est chronologique. Cette etude comprend six parties subdivisees en trois chapitres chacune sauf les deux premieres qui en ont quatre. La premiere partie retrace l'intervention francaise a rome depuis la formation de l'armee des alpes jusqu'a l'attaque du 30 avril 1849 ou le corps expeditionnaire est repousse par les defenseurs de rome. La seconde partie explique la reaction francaise : de lesseps negocie avec le triumvirat tandis que oudinot recoit l'ordre de reprendre l'attaque. La troisieme partie decrit le siege de rome laquelle ne sera conquise qu'au troisieme assaut mene par le corps expeditionnaire. La quatrieme partie relate l'organisation de l'ordre par un desarmement general. Tout en multipliant les efforts pour le retour du pape qui eut lieu en avril 1850, les francais s'implantent solidement a rome. Nous avons donne un apercu de l'organisation des divers services et de leur fonctionnement quotidien. La cinquieme partie montre la necessite du maintien des francais a rome tout en rappelant la reduction des effectifs a une seule division. La guerre de 1859 et ses suites completent cette partie. Dans la sixieme partie, la france s'engage a retirer ses troupes mais l'intervention de garibaldi l'oblige a renvoyer des forces qu'elle retirera definitivement en 1870. L'histoire du corps expeditionnaire de rome, 1848-1870, montre comment l'armee, par son intervention, fut l'instrument de la politique exterieure francaiseThis study reports the adventures of the french expedition in rome : the preparation, the leading and the consequences. The analysis of a particular case allows to precise all means that france deployed to implement her foreign policy. This subject, limited in his military point of view and in time, 1848-1870, is in keeping with a general background for france : history of the iid republic and the second empire ; for italy, it is the war of independence and italian unity. The plan is chronological. This thesis has six parts. The two first have four chapters and the four others have three chapters. The first part describes the french intervention in rome from the making of the army of the alps until the attack of april 30th, 1849 when the expeditionary force is pushed back by the defenders of rome. The second part explains the french reaction : de lesseps is negociating with the triumvirate and meanwhile oudinot is ordered to attack again. The third part describes the siege of rome which will only be conquered during the third attack leaded by the expeditionary force. The fourth part recounts the organisation of order through a general disarming. By multiplying efforts for the come-back of the pope, which took place in april 1850, the french are establishing fermly in rome. We have given some elements of the organisation and the daily working of different services. The fifth part shows the necessity of maintening the french in rome and reminds that the strength has been reduced to only one division. The war of 1859 and his consequences complete this part. In the sixth part, france engages herself to remove her troops but the intervention of garibaldi obliges her to forward new troops which will be definitively removed in 1870. The history of the expeditionary force in rome, 1848-1870, shows how the army has been the instrument of the french foreign policy
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Degano, C. "Critical discourse analysis e corpus linguistics : un'analisi dei discorsi sull'eventualità del conflitto iracheno nella stampa britannica e italiana". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/27588.
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This thesis explores the possibility of combining the qualitative approach of Critical Discourse Analysis with the mainly quantitative methodology of Corpus Linguistics in order to propose an integrated model of discourse analysis which benefits both from the interest of the former for the modalities through which language represents and constructs reality and from the latter’s concern for a rigorous description of language, closely bound to the data.
Starting from a model proposed by van Dijk (2001), which distinguishes three levels of text analysis (topics, local meanings and subtle formal structures), particular attention is dedicated to the third level that includes elements of discourse construction such as syntactic structures and argumentative schemes. For this reason some aspects of argumentation theory were also integrated into the model.
The analysis are carried out on ad hoc-built corpus of newspaper articles which deal with the issue of the war on Iraq, covering the lapse of time which passed between Bush’s “axis-of-evil” speech (January 2002) and the beginning of the war (March 2003). During this time words occupied the centre of the stage, in the attempt to make a case for war, and this offered a particularly interesting occasion for discourse analysis.
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Augris, Baptiste. "L' image du corps dans la peinture pompéienne". Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100057.
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Cette étude est consacrée aux représentations du corps, dans les décors peints de Pompéi et ses alentours - Herculanum, Oplontis, Stabies, Boscoreale, Boscotrecase, Murecine - entre la restauration syllanienne et l'avènement des Flaviens. Elle se propose d'appréhender la peinture au regard des figures humaines qui la composent, de mettre en lumière les différents rôles dévolus au corps dans l'espace du décor, de sonder le réseau de significations où l’engage la multiplicité de ses apparences. Elle n‘a pas pour fin de retrouver dans les images la réalité de pratiques corporelles. Elle vise à comprendre la place, au quotidien, des représentations du corps, leur raison d’être, le regard que sur elles portaient les anciens. Explorant l’environnement artistique des Pompéiens avant la destruction de la ville en 79, ses tendances, ses particularismes, les emprunts, les créations qui, pendant un siècle et demi, l'ont façonné, elle cherchera à tracer les contours d'un imaginaire du corps, inséparable de l'image que les Romains se faisaient d'eux -mêmes et de l’autre, du sens que revêtaient pour eux l'existenceThis study is dedicated to the representations of the body in the painted decorations in Pompeii and its surroundings - Herculaneum, Oplontis, Stabiae, Boscoreale, Boscotrecase & Murecine - between the Sullanian restoration and the accession of the Flavian dynasty. Its aim is to comprehend the paintings through the human figures they are made up of, to shed light on the various roles devolved to the body in the space of the decorations, to sound out the network of meanings in which it is led by the multiplicity of its appearances. It is not intended to find in the images the reality of corporal practices. The study is aiming at understanding the importance of body representations in everyday life, their raison d’être, the way they were viewed by the ancients. This work is an exploration of the Pompeians’ artistic background before the destruction of the city in 79 A. D. , its tendencies, its particularisms, its borrowings, its creations that, during a century and a half, have shaped it. Its intended outcome is to draw the outline of an imagination of the body, inseparable from the image the Romans had of themselves and of the others, and of the meaning of life for them
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Vergalli, Valeria. "Politicamente scorretto: analisi degli avverbi di dominio nei discorsi dei parlamentari italiani". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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Gli avverbi di dominio, come politicamente, scientificamente, costituzionalmente, sono avverbi che denotano un dominio del sapere umano e collocano un costituente o un’intera frase all’interno di quel dominio. Questi avverbi sono comunemente classificati come avverbi di frase dalla linguistica inglese, mentre le grammatiche italiane propongono classificazioni differenti. Questa eterogeneità nella classificazione a nostro parere è dovuta da un lato all’obiettiva difficoltà di inserire avverbi così flessibili in una classificazione omogenea, dall’altro dalla mancanza di ricerche approfondite su questa categoria di avverbi in italiano. Il presente lavoro ha lo scopo di fornire una descrizione del funzionamento degli avverbi di dominio italiani basandosi su un corpus di testi reali. Nel primo capitolo si dà un quadro teorico, basato principalmente sulle ricerche inglesi, per comprendere la funzione degli avverbi di dominio. Nel secondo e terzo capitolo si delineano le caratteristiche linguistiche dei testi che compongono il corpus usato nella nostra ricerca e si dà una breve descrizione dell'analisi dei corpora. Il quarto, quindo e sesto capitolo sono dedicati all'analisi degli avverbi di dominio presenti nel corpus, dal punto di vista distributivo, funzionale e pragmatico-testuale.
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Moca, Matteo. "Figures du surréalisme italien : (Les mots, les corps, les métamorphoses, les animaux et les monstres)". Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100024.
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Cette étude se propose de répondre à la question concernant l'existence, en Italie, d'une littérature surréaliste. En effet, il est indubitable que le surréalisme n’a jamais pris une forme définie en Italie, en se différenciant ainsi de la situation en France; cependant, des influences et la proximité de certains auteurs italiens à la poétique du surréalisme sont évidentes. Dans ma thèse, je démontre qu'à certains moments, il est même possible de parler d'un proto-surréalisme italien, qui anticipe l'explosion française. Nous avons étudié, en particulier, l'oeuvre de Alberto Savinio, Antonio Delfini e Tommaso Landolfi, mai aussi l'expérience artistique et littéraire de l'école métaphysique que joue un rôle important dans la définition des paradigmes théoriques du surréalisme tant pour la France que pour l'Italie. Chez chacun des auteurs qui nous avons étudiés, nous avons cerné et mis en exergue les points de contact et d'adhésion à la littérature surréaliste, notamment en ce qui concerne les travaux du théoricien français André Breton. Il est évident que, pour chacun de ces auteurs, le discours a suivi des lignes autonome et en fait, nous n'avions pas l'intention de théoriser l'appartenance hypothétique de ces écrivains à un groupe soudé et uni comme en France, mais nous avions l'intention d'évaluer l'impact possible de la poétique surréaliste sur les œuvres de ces auteurs. Malgré toutes les différences entre les cas, nous pensons pouvoir affirmer, à la fin de notre travail de recherche, qu'il y a eu, en Italie, un moment où un certain groupe d’auteurs a produit une littérature surréaliste ; ils n'ont peut-être pas repris pleinement les dictées théoriques brétoniennes, mais certainement ils les connaissaient et ils en ont exploité certains élémentsIn this work, the issue about the existence of Surrealist Literature in Italy will be analysed. It is obvious that, differently from the French environment where it was born and developed following precise theoretical rules, Surrealism has never taken a clear shape in Italy. Having said that, some influences and a certain affinity to Surrealist poetics is evident in some authors. In this work, the possible existence of an Italian Proto-surrealism which anticipates the 'French explosion' is taken into consideration. In particular, the works of Alberto Savinio, Antonio Delfini and Tommaso Landolfi, have been studied together with the artistic and literary experience of the Metaphysical 'School' which plays an important role in the definition of theoretical standards of Surrealism both in France and in Italy. In every author taken into consideration, the contact points and the adherence to Surrealist Literature, specifically in relation with André Breton's theoretical works, have been highlighted. It is clear that, for every author, the study followed autonomous lines. There was no intention, indeed, to theorise a possible belonging of these writers to a close and harmonious groups as in France. There was, instead, the aim of considering the possible impact of Surrealist poetic on the works of these authors. At the end of the work, it might be stated that, despite the several differences, there was a moment in Italy in which a certain group of authors produced a Surrealist Literature. They did not completely follow Breton's theoretical treatise, but they surely knew it and explored some of its elements
In questo studio ci siamo proposti di rispondere alla questione concernente l'esistenza, in Italia, di una letteratura surrealista. É fuori di dubbio che il surrealismo in Italia non ha mai preso una forma definita, differenziandosi in questo rispetto alla Francia dove è nato e si è sviluppato seguendo delle regole teoriche precise; nonostante questo, alcune influenze e una certa vicinanza alla poetica surrealista è evidente in alcuni autori. In questa tesi si prova a dimostrare che, in certi momenti, è possibile parlare anche di un protosurrealismo italiano che anticipa l'esplosione francese. Si sono studiate, in particolare, le opere di Alberto Savinio, Antonio Delfini e Tommaso Landolfi, ma anche l'esperienza artistica e letteraria della scuola metafisica che gioca un ruolo importante nella definizione dei paradigmi teorici del surrealismo sia in Francia che in Italia. In ognuno degli autori che si sono studiati, abbiamo messo in luce i punti di contatto e l'adesione alla letteratura surrealista, in particolare in relazione ai lavori teorici di André Breton. È evidente che, per ognuno degli autori, il discorso ha seguito delle linee autonome e, in effetti, non si aveva l'intenzione di teorizzare un'appartenenza ipotetica di questi scrittori a un gruppo unito e affiatato come in Francia, ma di valutare il possibile impatto della poetica surrealista nelle opere di questi autori. Malgrado tutte le differenze, si pensa di poter affermare, alla fine del lavoro, che c'è stato, in Italia, un momento dove un certo gruppo di autori ha prodotto una letteratura surrealista. Essi non hanno ripreso pienamente il dettato teorico di Breton, ma certo conoscendolo e esplorando alcuni elementi
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Tessari, Micol. "Creazione di un corpus specialistico e studio della fraseologia: l'esempio della crisi economica 2014-2016". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15381/.
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L’obiettivo del presente lavoro è la creazione di risorse che possano essere utilizzate dai neo-studenti di interpretazione con il tedesco come lingua B nel processo di sviluppo di una competenza linguistica più native-like possibile nella lingua straniera. Un interprete infatti, una volta completata la propria formazione, deve essere in grado di fornire un servizio di qualità sia quando traduce dalla lingua straniera verso la lingua madre che viceversa. Considerata la necessità di un interprete di padroneggiare al meglio la lingua straniera e data la sempre maggior diffusione dell’interpretazione verso la lingua B, è stato ritenuto utile mettere a disposizione degli studenti alcuni strumenti che possano aiutarli nel raggiungimento di un tale livello di competenze. Traendo ispirazione dalla tesi elaborata da Lisa Bianchi nel corso dell’anno accademico 2008/2009, è stato creato ex-novo un corpus comparabile bilingue tedesco-italiano sulla crisi economica nel biennio 2014-2016. Si tratta di un corpus contenente estratti di interventi parlamentari in tedesco e italiano aventi come oggetto di discussione la crisi economico-finanziaria 2014-2016. Successivamente il corpus è stato analizzato per creare un glossario terminologico tedesco-italiano e uno fraseologico sulla crisi. Il glossario terminologico vuole essere una risorsa utile per ampliare il lessico legato alla crisi economica. Il glossario fraseologico elenca alcune delle collocazioni tipiche tedesche più ricorrenti nel corpus, con relativi equivalenti in italiano, utilizzabile dallo studente per migliorare la propria competenza fraseologica nella lingua straniera. L’ultima risorsa creata nell’ambito di questo studio è il vademecum, una guida su come creare un glossario terminologico specialistico utilizzando i corpora, indipendentemente dalle lingue straniere di studio.