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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Isolation de la table de flux"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de mayo de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Isolation de la table de flux"

Dorodnikov, M., K. H. Knorr, Y. Kuzyakov y M. Wilmking. "Contribution of recent plant photosynthates of Eriophorum vaginatum and Scheuchzeria palustris to methanogenesis and CH4 transport at a boreal mire: a 14C pulse-labeling study". Biogeosciences Discussions 8, n.º 3 (4 de mayo de 2011): 4359–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-4359-2011.

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Abstract. Contribution of recent photosynthates to methanogenesis and plant-mediated methane (CH4) transport were studied on two dominating vascular plant species – Eriophorum vaginatum and Scheuchzeria palustris – at three microform types (hummocks, lawns and hollows) of a boreal natural minerogenic, oligotrophic fen in Eastern Finland. Measurements of total CH4 flux, isolation of shoots from entire peat and 14C-pulse labeling of mesocosms under controlled conditions allowed estimation of plant-mediated CH4 flux and contribution of recent (14C) photosynthates to total CH4. The obtained results showed (i) CH4 flux increases in the order E. hummocks ≤ E. lawns < S. hollows corresponding to the increasing water table level of the microforms as derived from in situ measurements. (ii) Plant-mediated CH4 flux accounted for 38, 31 and 51 % of total CH4 at E. hummocks, E. lawns and S. hollows, respectively. (iii) Contribution of recent photosynthates to methanogenesis accounted for 0.03 % for E. hummocks, 0.06 % for E. lawns and 0.13 % for S. hollows of assimilated 14C. Thus, S. palustris microsites are characterized by a higher efficiency for transporting CH4 from the peat column to the atmosphere when compared to E. vaginatum of drier lawns and hummocks. Contribution of recent plant photosynthates to methanogenesis was not depended on the amount of plant biomass: smaller S. palustris had higher 14CH4 as compared to larger E. vaginatum. Therefore, for the assessment of CH4 production and emission over meso- and macroscales as well as for the implication and development of C modeling of CH4 fluxes, it is necessary to account for plant species-specific processes including CH4 production, consumption and transportation and the attribution of those species to topographic microforms.

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Koning, Marvyn T., Rudolf Übelhart, Arjen H. G. Cleven, Willem H. Zoutman, Sander A. J. van der Zeeuw, Philip Kluin, Marieke Griffioen et al. "Antigen-Independent, Autonomous B-Cell Receptor Signaling As a Dominant Candidate Oncogenic Mechanism in ABC DLBCL". Blood 128, n.º 22 (2 de diciembre de 2016): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.778.778.

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Abstract Background The activated B-cell (ABC) type of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is clinically more aggressive than the germinal center (GCB) type. The gene expression profile of ABC DLBCL resembles that of mature B cells upon stimulation via their B-cell receptor (BCR). In app. 10% of ABC DLBCL cases, this signature can be explained by gain-of-function mutations in CARD11. Recent evidence suggests that autoantigen recognition by the BCR sustains the viability of ABC DLBCL in vitro (Young, PNAS 2015), although the functional relationship to CARD11 mutations remains unresolved. Antigen-independent, constitutively active BCR signaling is a fundamental oncogenic mechanism of CLL (Dühren-von Minden, Nature 2012). We therefore explored the hypothesis that autonomous BCR signaling akin to CLL could be operative in ABC DLBCL and would represent an alternative but functionally complementary oncogenic mechanism to activating CARD11 mutations in ABC DLBCL lymphomagenesis. Methods BCR transcripts were identified from archived fresh-frozen biopsies of 14 histologically confirmed, CD10-negative, IgM-expressing DLBCL by ARTISAN PCR, a novel anchored RT-PCR for unbiased isolation of full-length BCR transcripts facilitated by template switching (Koning, BJH 2016). Clonal full-length BCR were identified by single molecule sequencing on the PacBio platform. All biopsies were screened for mutations in CARD11 and CD79 by Sanger sequencing. To test for autonomous BCR signaling activity, murine triple KO (TKO) cells were transduced with functional DLBCL BCR (Dühren-von Minden, Nature 2012). TKO cells lack the rag2 and lambda5 genes and are therefore developmentally arrested at the pre-B-cell stage. In addition, TKO cells have their wild-type SLP65 adaptor replaced with a tamoxifen-dependent SLP65 variant. When transduced with a functional BCR, autonomous or antigen-induced BCR signaling can be measured upon restoring functionality of the BCR signalling cascade with tamoxifen as calcium flux by flow cytometry and robust cellular proliferation. Results Re-examination by immunohistochemistry for CD10, PAX5, MUM1, and Bcl-6 was possible in 12 cases and identified three cases as GCB-type DLBCL. Nine cases were classified as non-GCB DLBCL, including one primary CNS DLBCL and three leg-type primary cutaneous DLBCL (LT DLBCL). One non-GCB DLBCL was found to carry a potentially activating CARD11 M212K mutation (Table). BCR of the three GCB DLBCL served as controls and lacked an autonomous BCR signal. In contrast, TKO cells transduced with five of the seven remaining DLBCL BCR (71%) showed robust calcium flux and proliferation upon activation of SLP65 by tamoxifen without additional BCR crosslinking. In accordance with our hypotheses, the CARD11-mutated non-GCB DLBCL case lacked autonomous BCR signaling. This case and the second, non-GCB DLBCL case lacking autonomous BR activity that carried wild-type CARD11 both expressed a BCR with the IGHV4-34 allele. Unexpectedly, the three LT DLBCL also did not exhibit autonomous BCR signaling. Conclusion Our data demonstrate autonomous BCR activity in a dominant fraction of non-GCB DLBCL. In striking similarity to CLL, these results point to an oncogenic role of a structurally normal BCR in non-GCB DLBCL that does not require binding of external autoantigens. Consistent with our hypotheses, antigen-independent signaling of a structurally normal BCR signaling cascade is a compelling candidate alternative mechanism to activating mutations in signal-transducing components of the BCR pathway. Both mechanisms may therefore induce the characteristic gene expression signature of ABC DLBCL. In addition, this finding readily explains the higher likelihood of ABC DLBCL with wild-type CD79 and CARD11 to respond to BCR signaling inhibition by BTK inhibitors (Wilson, Nat Med 2015). In contrast, LT DLBCL, which otherwise resembles ABC DLBCL, does not exhibit autonomous BCR signaling, suggesting yet another oncogenic mechanism that may explain its dismal prognosis. Finally, the non-GCB DLBCL lacking both autonomous BCR signaling and a potentially activating CARD11 mutation expressed the inherently autoreactive IGHV4-34 allele, opening the possibility that strong autoantigen stimulation might substitute for autonomous BCR signaling activity, thereby offering an alternative explanation for the BCR signaling pathway addiction in IGHV4-34-expressing cases. Table. Table. Disclosures Vermeer: Innate Pharma: Other: Investigator in a clinical trial.

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Kainuma, Masakuni. "Vibration isolation table". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 118, n.º 3 (2005): 1254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2097066.

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Kainuma, Masakuni. "Vibration isolation table". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 119, n.º 2 (2006): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2174507.

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AKABA, Yoshihito. "Isolation System : Introduction of the Isolation Table for Equipment". Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 116, n.º 1139 (2013): 719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.116.1139_719.

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El Nakla, M., M. Habib, W. Ahmed, A. Al-Sarkhi, R. Ben Mansour y M. Y. Al-Awwad. "Application of the Critical Heat Flux Look-Up Table to Large Diameter Tubes". Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/868163.

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The critical heat flux look-up table was applied to a large diameter tube, namely 67 mm inside diameter tube, to predict the occurrence of the phenomenon for both vertical and horizontal uniformly heated tubes. Water was considered as coolant. For the vertical tube, a diameter correction factor was directly applied to the 1995 critical heat flux look-up table. To predict the occurrence of critical heat flux in horizontal tube, an extra correction factor to account for flow stratification was applied. Both derived tables were used to predict the effect of high heat flux and tube blockage on critical heat flux occurrence in boiler tubes. Moreover, the horizontal tube look-up table was used to predict the safety limits of the operation of boiler for 50% allowable heat flux.

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MATSUOKA, Taichi, Kento MITSUI y Kenichiro OHMATA. "Small isolation table using coil springs". Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2016 (2016): J1010203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2016.j1010203.

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GROENEVELD, D. C., S. C. CHENG y T. DOAN. "1986 AECL-UO Critical Heat Flux Lookup Table". Heat Transfer Engineering 7, n.º 1-2 (enero de 1986): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457638608939644.

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Moore, T. R. y N. T. Roulet. "Methane flux: Water table relations in northern wetlands". Geophysical Research Letters 20, n.º 7 (9 de abril de 1993): 587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93gl00208.

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Jin, Jian Min, Ping Tan, Fu Lin Zhou, Yu Hong Ma y Chao Yong Shen. "Shaking Table Test Study on Mid-Story Isolation Structures". Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (enero de 2012): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.378.

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Mid-story isolation structure is developing from base isolation structures. As a complex structural system, the work mechanism of base isolation structure is not entirely appropriate for mid-story isolation structure, and the prolonging of structural natural period may not be able to decrease the seismic response of substructure and superstructure simultaneously. In this paper, for a four-story steel frame model, whose prototype first natural period is about 1s without seismic isolation design, the seismic responses and isolation effectiveness of mid-story isolation system with lead rubber bearing are studied experimentally by changing the location of isolation layer. Respectively, the locations of isolation layer are set at bottom of the first story, top of the first story, top of the second story and top of the third story. The results show that mid-story isolation can reduce seismic response in general, and substructure acceleration may be amplified.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Isolation de la table de flux"

Yang, Ye. "Isolation Mechanisms within the vSwitch of Cloud Computing Platform". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS191.

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En tant que composant important de la plate-forme cloud, le commutateur virtuel (vSwitch) est responsable de la réalisation de la connectivité réseau entre les machines virtuelles (VM) et les périphériques externes. La plupart des vSwitches existants adoptent le principe de conception partagée, qui détruit l'isolation entre les VMs. Dans vSwitch, différentes VMs se disputent les ressources partagées et accèdent à la mémoire sans restriction, cela les rend incapables de garantir une qualité de service (QoS) réseau stable, tout en faisant face au risque d'attaques de plans de données et d'accès illégaux à la mémoire. Afin de résoudre ces problèmes de performance, de défaillance et de sécurité causés par le manque d'isolement, les principaux travaux et contributions de cette thèse sont les suivants : 1) Méthode QoS réseau basée sur l'isolation du cycle CPU (C2QoS). Cette approche garantit la bande passante du réseau VM en isolant la concurrence des ressources CPU, et en même temps réduisant de 80 % la latence supplémentaire du réseau de VM causée par la concurrence. 2) Mécanisme de défense contre les attaques du plan de données basé sur l'isolement de la table de flux (D-TSE). D-TSE utilise VM comme unité pour séparer la structure de la table de flux afin d'obtenir des performances de classification de paquets indépendantes et une isolation des pannes au prix d'une utilisation CPU supplémentaire de 5 %. 3) Mécanisme d'E/S réseau virtualisé (VNIO) basé sur l'isolation de l'accès mémoire (S2H). Basé sur un modèle de partage de mémoire sécurisé, S2H assure l'isolation et la sécurité de la mémoire des VM au prix d'une latence accrue de 2 à 9 %
As an important component of cloud platform, virtual switch (vSwitch) is responsible for achieving network connectivity between virtual machines (VMs) and external devices. Most existing vSwitches adopt the split design principle, which destroys the isolation between VMs. In vSwitch, different VMs compete for shared resources and unrestricted memory access, making them unable to guarantee stable network quality of service (QoS), while facing the risk of data plane attacks and illegal access to memory. In order to solve these performance, failure and security problems caused by the lack of isolation, the main works and contributions of this thesis are as follows: 1) Network QoS method based on CPU cycle isolation (C2QoS). This approach secures VM network bandwidth by isolating concurrency from CPU resources, and at the same time reduces additional VM network latency caused by concurrency by 80%. 2) Data plane attack defense mechanism based on stream table isolation (D-TSE). D-TSE uses VM as the unit to separate the flow table structure to achieve independent packet classification performance and fault isolation at the cost of 5% additional CPU usage. 3) Virtualized Network I/O (VNIO) mechanism based on Memory Access Isolation (S2H). Based on a secure memory sharing model, S2H provides VM memory isolation and security at the cost of 2-9% increased latency

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Tanase, Aurelian. "Improved methodology for deriving the critical heat flux look-up table". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27923.

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A literature review on critical heat flux (CHF) prediction methods confirmed that the CHF look-up table (LUT) has many advantages over the other prediction methods: it covers the widest range of flow conditions, it is the most accurate CHF prediction method and it is computationally very efficient. The LUT has been included in the major thermalhydraulics and safety analysis computer codes. The LUT accuracy has increased over the years, although several areas have been identified where further improvements are desirable. These areas include (i) the screening of the experimental data, (ii) effect of the heated channel diameter and length on the CHF, and (iii) difficulties in predicting the CHF in the limiting quality region in LUT, at low flow/low pressure conditions and in the very high dryout quality range. This thesis describes the various improvements that have been made to the LUT derivation. In addition to the improvements in the LUT derivation methodology, a new visual analysis technique that allows simultaneous LUT trend visualization and comparison in all parametric directions has been developed. Based on the findings and improvements in the LUT derivation methodology, a new version of the LUT has been developed. The error analysis revealed that refined data screening and removal of outliers is an effective method for improving the CHF LUT accuracy. Because the majority of the experimental data were obtained for diameters close to the standard 8 mm ID, a better correction of diameter effect on the CHF does not significantly affect the overall LUT accuracy, although it appears to be very important at specific conditions such as low flow or extreme diameters.

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Cui, Xingdong. "Prediction of critical heat flux in bundles using tube look-up table". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/MQ28415.pdf.

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Kalpakci, Volkan. "Seismic Isolation Of Foundations By Composite Liners". Phd thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615500/index.pdf.

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In this research, the dynamic behavior of a seismic isolation system composed of high strength geotextile placed over an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) geomembrane (together called as composite liner) beneath the structure is investigated experimentally. The results of the shaking table experiments which were performed on model structures both under harmonic and modified earthquake motions with and without the seismic isolation (composite liner system), are presented in the thesis. The main focus is given on the potential improvement obtained by use of the composite liner system as compared to the unisolated cases. Based on the performed experiments, it is observed that the utilization of composite liner system provides significant reduction in the accelerations and interstorey drift ratios of structures under harmonic motions while signifant drop is obtained in the spectral accelerations under earthquake motions which provide noticeable improvement in the durability of structures under dynamic effects at the expense of increased translational displacements.

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Togbe, Maurras Ulbricht. "Détection distribuée d'anomalies dans les flux de données". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS400.

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La détection d'anomalies est une problématique importante dans de nombreux domaines d'application comme la santé, le transport, l'industrie etc. Il s'agit d'un sujet d'actualité qui tente de répondre à la demande toujours croissante dans différents domaines tels que la détection d'intrusion, de fraude, etc. Dans cette thèse, après un état de l'art général complet, la méthode non supervisé Isolation Forest (IForest) a été étudiée en profondeur en présentant ses limites qui n'ont pas été abordées dans la littérature. Notre nouvelle version de IForest appelée Majority Voting IForest permet d'améliorer son temps d'exécution. Nos méthodes ADWIN-based IForest ASD et NDKSWIN-based IForest ASD permettent la détection d'anomalies dans les flux de données avec une meilleure gestion du concept drift. Enfin, la détection distribuée d'anomalies en utilisant IForest a été étudiée et évaluée. Toutes nos propositions ont été validées avec des expérimentations sur différents jeux de données
Anomaly detection is an important issue in many application areas such as healthcare, transportation, industry etc. It is a current topic that tries to meet the ever increasing demand in different areas such as intrusion detection, fraud detection, etc. In this thesis, after a general complet state of the art, the unsupervised method Isolation Forest (IForest) has been studied in depth by presenting its limitations that have not been addressed in the literature. Our new version of IForest called Majority Voting IForest improves its execution time. Our ADWIN-based IForest ASD and NDKSWIN-based IForest ASD methods allow the detection of anomalies in data stream with a better management of the drift concept. Finally, distributed anomaly detection using IForest has been studied and evaluated. All our proposals have been validated with experiments on different datasets

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Downey, Jennifer. "Identification and isolation of multipotent stromal cells from human skeletal muscle". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6296.

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Abstract: Human skeletal muscle is an essential source of various cellular progenitors with potential therapeutic perspectives. Muscle-resident mesenchymal stromal cells (mrMSCs) are thought to be involved in the development of several regenerative disorders such as fatty degeneration, heterotopic ossification and fibrosis. Identifying the cell population responsible for these pathologies will help better understand the underlying mechanisms and lead to more efficient treatment. We first developed an isolation method and culture conditions for the proliferation and maintenance of the adherent fraction of human skeletal muscle derived cells. To further enrich the cell population as multipotent progenitors, we used fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) and known mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) markers. The enriched cell populations obtained were tested for their multipotent capabilities towards the osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages. The CD73 + CD 105+ CD90- subset of human skeletal muscle adherent cells displayed robust multipotence to all three lineages under the appropriate differentiation conditions. Clonal differentiation assays confirmed that all three lineages stem from a single multipotent progenitor. Furthermore, this cell subset was able to differentiate into brown adipocyte-like cells, expressing UCP1 at the RNA and protein levels following prolonged stimulation with rosiglitazone (ROS). This result suggests that this cell subset could also represent a human cell model for brown adipogenesis. The cell isolation and enrichment method presented in this thesis represent a novel technique to obtain human mrMSCs. This method holds great promise for future clinical applications with the enriched cell populations since they are expanded in a defined medium, which supports inter-laboratory reproducibility. Furthermore, the phenotypic markers chosen for the FACS isolation are well conserved amongst donors in the proposed conditions, limiting donor-to-donor variability.||Résumé: Le muscle squelettique humain est une source essentielle de cellules progénitrices ayant plusieurs applications thérapeutiques potentielles. Les cellules stromales mésenchymateuses du muscle squelettique humain (hmrMSCs) semblent être impliquées dans des pathologies telles l’ossification hétérotopique, la dégénérescence graisseuse et la fibrose. L’identification de la population cellulaire à l’origine de ces pathologies permettrait de mieux comprendre les mécanismes derrières celles-ci et aiderait à la création de traitements plus efficaces. Nous avons d’abord mis au point une méthode d'isolement et déterminer des conditions de culture pour la prolifération et le maintien en culture de la fraction cellulaire adhérente dérivée du muscle squelettique humain. Par le biais de la cytométrie en flux et des marqueurs connus des cellules stromales mésenchymateuses (MSC), nous avons pu enrichir les cellules stromales multipotentes. Le potentiel ostéogénique, adipogénique et chondrogénique des populations cellulaires enrichies a été évalué par des essais de différenciation. La sous-population de cellules CD73[indice supérieur +]CD105[indice supérieur +]CD90[indice supérieur -] a montré une multipotence robuste sur les trois lignées étudiées. Des essais de différenciation clonale ont confirmés que les trois lignées obtenues proviennent tous d’un progéniteur multipotent commun. De plus, cette sous-population cellulaire avait la capacité de se différencier en cellule de gras brun, démontrée par une expression élevée d’UCP1 au niveau génique et protéique suivant une stimulation continue avec le rosiglitazone (ROS). Ce résultat suggère que cette sous-population cellulaire pourrait également représenter un modèle pour l’adipogenèse vers le gras brun. La méthode d’enrichissement présentée représente une nouvelle technique afin d’obtenir des hmrMSCs. Elle semble prometteuse pour de futures applications cliniques employant ces cellules, étant donné qu’elles sont amplifiées dans un milieu défini permettant une reproductibilité interlaboratoire. De plus, les marqueurs de phénotype choisis pour l’enrichissement par cytométrie en flux sont bien conservés entre individus, limitant la variabilité inter-donneur.[symboles non conformes]

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Simon, Rodrigue. "Dynamique des flux commerciaux dans le secteur des oeufs de table et analyse des effets de la libéralisation des échanges". Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28746/28746.pdf.

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La libéralisation dans le secteur agro-alimentaire figure aujourd’hui parmi les grandes préoccupations de l’OMC. Les discussions du cycle de Doha ont abouti en Décembre 2008 à une proposition de texte sur la procédure de la libéralisation des tarifs et des différentes formes de soutien dans le secteur agricole. Jusqu’à ce jour, les études réalisées dans le secteur agricole pour évaluer l’impact de ces propositions se sont intéressées principalement aux secteurs de la viande et du lait. La présente étude s’applique au secteur des œufs de consommation et vise à analyser l’effet de différents scénarios de libéralisation. La période d’étude s’étend de 2000 à 2008 et prend en compte les trois grandes catégories de produits d’œufs à savoir les œufs en coquille, les œufs transformés et les produits dérivés des œufs. Pour ce faire, nous utilisons un modèle de gravité afin d’estimer les paramètres structuraux des flux commerciaux dans le secteur des œufs. Ces paramètres sont ensuite utilisés pour quantifier l’impact des différents scénarios de libéralisation sur la probabilité d’importer ainsi que sur l’intensité du commerce. Le modèle de panel autorégressif a été retenu pour effectuer l’analyse des différentes variables. Mots clés: œufs de table, libéralisation de l’échange, cycle de Doha, modèle de gravité, panel autorégressif.

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Zhang, Zhi y Zhi Zhang. "Analytical Investigation of Inertial Force-Limiting Floor Anchorage System for Seismic Resistant Building Structures". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625385.

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This dissertation describes the analytical research as part of a comprehensive research program to develop a new floor anchorage system for seismic resistant design, termed the Inertial Force-limiting Floor Anchorage System (IFAS). The IFAS intends to reduce damage in seismic resistant building structures by limiting the inertial force that develops in the building during earthquakes. The development of the IFAS is being conducted through a large research project involving both experimental and analytical research. This dissertation work focuses on analytical component of this research, which involves stand-alone computational simulation as well as analytical simulation in support of the experimental research (structural and shake table testing). The analytical research covered in this dissertation includes four major parts: (1) Examination of the fundamental dynamic behavior of structures possessing the IFAS (termed herein IFAS structures) by evaluation of simple two-degree of freedom systems (2DOF). The 2DOF system is based on a prototype structure, and simplified to represent only its fundamental mode response. Equations of motions are derived for the 2DOF system and used to find the optimum design space of the 2DOF system. The optimum design space is validated by transient analysis using earthquakes. (2) Evaluation of the effectiveness of IFAS designs for different design parameters through earthquake simulations of two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear numerical models of an evaluation structure. The models are based on a IFAS prototype developed by a fellow researcher on the project at Lehigh University. (3) Development and calibration of three-dimensional nonlinear numerical models of the shake table test specimen used in the experimental research. This model was used for predicting and designing the shake table testing program. (4) Analytical parameter studies of the calibrated shake table test model. These studies include: relating the shake table test performance to the previous evaluation structure analytical response, performing extended parametric analyses, and investigating and explaining certain unexpected shake table test responses. This dissertation describes the concept and scope of the analytical research, the analytical results, the conclusions, and suggests future work. The conclusions include analytical results that verify the IFAS effectiveness, show the potential of the IFAS in reducing building seismic demands, and provide an optimum design space of the IFAS.

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El, Ayari Tahani. "Barrières au flux génique en Méditerranée Occidentale : étude de la différenciation génétique chez deux mollusques marins, Mytilus galloprovincialis & Stramonita haemastoma". Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS226/document.

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La génétique des populations a révélé que la diversité génétique des espèces marines était très souvent distribuée de façon discrète dans l’espace, en mosaïque de patchs populationnels génétiquement homogènes délimités par des discontinuités appelées barrière au flux génique. L’objectif de cette thèse était de contribuer à mieux comprendre les processus expliquant l’origine, le maintien et la position des barrières génétiques au niveau de la zone de transition entre l’Atlantique et la Méditerranée. Dans un premier temps a été étudiée la structure génétique de la moule Mytilus galloprovincialis. Contrairement au cline abrupt et étroit reporté en Espagne, nous avons découvert en Algérie une vaste zone hybride mosaïque sur 600 km de côtes à l'Est du front océanique Almeria-Oran. Dans un deuxième temps a été menée une étude de la structure génétique du gastéropode marin Stramonita haemastoma. Nous avons découvert deux lignées cryptiques différentiellement fixées pour des haplogroupes mitochondriaux, et différenciées sur 3 marqueurs microsatellites développés dans cette thèse. La distribution spatiale en mosaïque est étonnante avec un patch de la lignée atlantique enclavé au nord de la Méditerranée occidentale et bordé par une zone hybride au sud dans la région de Valence. Ces deux études mettent en avant l’importance de l’isolement reproductif intrinsèque dans l’explication de la distribution mosaïque de la diversité génétique marine. Bien que les frontières entre patchs correspondent à des barrières physiques à la dispersion ou à des écotones, l’hydrographie et l’environnement n’expliquent sans doute que la position des discontinuités génétiques mais ni leur origine ni leur maintien
Population genetics has revealed the genetic diversity of marine species is often subdivided into a mosaic of discrete patches, within which populations are genetically homogeneous, delineated by discontinuities called barriers to gene flow. The aim of this thesis was to contribute to better understand the processes explaining the origin, maintenance and location of genetic barriers at the Atlantic/Mediterranean transition zone. First, we studied the genetic structure of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. In contrast to the abrupt narrow cline reported in Spain, we discovered along the Algerian coastline a 600 km wide mosaic hybrid zone eastward of the Almeria-Oran oceanic front. Second, we studied the genetic structure of a marine gastropod Stramonita haemastoma. We discovered two cryptic lineages differentially fixed for alternative mitochondrial haplogroups, and differentiated at three microsatellite markers developed in this PhD work. Surprisingly, the spatial distribution proved to be an unusual mosaic with a patch of the Atlantic lineage enclaved in the north of the Western Mediterranean Sea, bordered in the South by a hybrid zone in eastern Spain around Valencia. These two studies highlight the importance of intrinsic reproductive isolation in explaining the mosaic distribution of the marine genetic diversity. Although boundaries between patches coincide with physical barriers to dispersal or ecotones, hydrography and environment mainly explain the position of the genetic discontinuities but neither their origin nor their maintenance

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Duvaux, Ludovic. "Déterminants historiques et sélectifs des échanges génétiques au cours de la spéciation chez la souris domestique : patrons de coalescence et introgression en zone hybride". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20116/document.

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Afin de comprendre le processus de spéciation, il est nécessaire d'appréhender les patrons de flux géniques entre espèces naissantes et le rôle de la sélection dans leur détermination. C'est ce que tente d'aborder cette thèse en utilisant comme modèle deux sous-espèces de la souris domestique, Mus musculus. Nous avons reconstitué l'histoire de leur différenciation sur la base du polymorphisme de séquence à 60 locus autosomaux. La simulation du coalescent de ces locus sous plusieurs scenarios historiques nous a permis d'inférer, via une méthode ABC (Approximate Bayesian Computation), une divergence ancienne des sous-espèces (1,5Ma). Elle fut suivie d'une longue phase d'isolement (1,2Ma) précédant une phase d'échanges génétiques débutant bien avant la formation de la zone hybride européenne actuelle. La phase d'isolement a été assez longue pour expliquer une grande partie des incompatibilités génétiques observées actuellement. Les flux génétiques anciens et prolongés pourraient avoir favorisé le renforcement comportemental de l'isolement reproductif. Nous étudions aussi la relation entre le mode d'évolution de 77 régions génomiques autosomales et leur comportement d'introgression à travers une zone hybride. Le taux de recombinaison locale semble déterminer en partie les introgressions symétriques et limitées de certains locus. Toutefois tel n'est pas le cas pour 40% des locus, qui présentent une introgression asymétrique dans l'une ou l'autre direction. Nous proposons que l'introgression coté musculus soit majoritairement contrôlée par la sélection et que l'introgression coté domesticus soit influencée par un déplacement de la zone hybride vers le territoire musculus
Understanding the speciation process requires to appraise patterns of gene flow between incipient speices as well as the role of selection in their determination. This thesis attempts to do so using two subspecies of the house mouse, Mus musculus, as a model. We inferred the history of their differentiation based on sequence polymorphism data at 60 autosomal loci. By simulating the coalescent of these loci under several historical scenarios we were able to infer, using an ABC (Approximate Bayesian Computation) method, an ancient divergence of the subspecies (1.5 MY). This was followed by a long period of isolation (1.2 MY) preceding a phase of genetic exchanges that started well before the formation of the present European hybrid zone. The isolation phase lasted long enough to explain a majority of the present genetic incompatibilities. Ancient and lasting gene flow could have favoured a behavioural reinforcement of reproductive isolation. We a lso studied the relationship between the mode of evolution of 77 autosomal genomic regions and their introgression patterns across a hybrid zone. Local recombination rates variations seem to partly account for the patterns observed at some loci with limited and symmetrical introgression. However such is not the case for 40% of the the loci showing asymmetrical introgression in on direction or the other. domesticus results from a movement of the hybrid zone from domesticus to musculus

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Más fuentes

Libros sobre el tema "Isolation de la table de flux"

Round Table on Law and Semiotics (6th 1992 Penn State University--Berks). Flux, complexity, and illusion: Sixth Round Table on Law and Semiotics. New York: P. Lang, 1993.

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Flux, Complexity, and Illusion: Sixth Round Table on Law and Semiotics (Semiotics and the Human Sciences). Peter Lang Publishing, 1993.

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Thorne, Sara y Paul Clift, eds. Rare conditions presenting in adulthood. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199228188.003.0026.

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Coronary anomalies 190Sinus of valsalva aneurysm 192 See Table 15.1.• Rare.• Occur in isolation or with associated congenital cardiac lesions.• Clinical significance depends on potential of the anomaly to cause ischaemia and sudden death.• Ischaemia is main indication for surgical repair and is associated with:...

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Bogdandy, Armin von, Carlino Antpöhler y Michael Ioannidis. Protecting EU values. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198746560.003.0013.

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This chapter discusses the instruments currently on the table regarding the enforcement of EU values, exposing their strengths and weaknesses in legal and practical terms. It also offers an evaluation of the first use of the Rule of Law Framework. So far, most of the proposed instruments have been presented in isolation. This is particularly true of the proposed ‘Copenhagen Commission’ and the ‘Reverse Solange’ mechanism. This chapter presents and normatively assesses the ideas proposed and discusses a possible way to combine instruments that so far have been considered separately. It argues that the most apt European response to systemic deficiencies is to combine judicial mechanisms, including the Reverse Solange mechanism, as well as a complementary political approach.

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Scerri, Eric. A Tale of Seven Elements. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195391312.001.0001.

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In 1913, English physicist Henry Moseley established an elegant method for "counting" the elements based on atomic number, ranging them from hydrogen (#1) to uranium (#92). It soon became clear, however, that seven elements were mysteriously missing from the lineup--seven elements unknown to science. In his well researched and engaging narrative, Eric Scerri presents the intriguing stories of these seven elements--protactinium, hafnium, rhenium, technetium, francium, astatine and promethium. The book follows the historical order of discovery, roughly spanning the two world wars, beginning with the isolation of protactinium in 1917 and ending with that of promethium in 1945. For each element, Scerri traces the research that preceded the discovery, the pivotal experiments, the personalities of the chemists involved, the chemical nature of the new element, and its applications in science and technology. We learn for instance that alloys of hafnium--whose name derives from the Latin name for Copenhagen (hafnia)--have some of the highest boiling points on record and are used for the nozzles in rocket thrusters such as the Apollo Lunar Modules. Scerri also tells the personal tales of researchers overcoming great obstacles. We see how Lise Meitner and Otto Hahn--the pair who later proposed the theory of atomic fission--were struggling to isolate element 91 when World War I intervened, Hahn was drafted into the German army's poison gas unit, and Meitner was forced to press on alone against daunting odds. The book concludes by examining how and where the twenty-five new elements have taken their places in the periodic table in the last half century. A Tale of Seven Elements paints a fascinating picture of chemical research--the wrong turns, missed opportunities, bitterly disputed claims, serendipitous findings, accusations of dishonesty--all leading finally to the thrill of discovery.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Isolation de la table de flux"

Böttcher, J. y O. Strebel. "Quantification of Deterministic and Stochastic Variability Components of Solute Concentrations at the Groundwater Table in Sandy Soils". En Field-Scale Water and Solute Flux in Soils, 129–40. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9264-3_15.

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Wadhwa, Manisha y Anand K. Bachhawat. "A Genetic Screen for the Isolation of Mutants with Increased Flux in the Isoprenoid Pathway of Yeast". En Methods in Molecular Biology, 231–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9142-6_16.

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Kawamura, Shozo, Tetsuhiko Owa, Tomohiko Ise y Masami Matsubara. "Proposition of Isolation Table Considering the Long-Period Earthquake Ground Motion (Method of Changing Natural Frequency of Isolation System with Additional Spring)". En Vibration Engineering for a Sustainable Future, 245–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48153-7_32.

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Alberti, Elena, Giovanni Ausenda, Maria Chiara Castino, Francesco Lo Iacono y Giacomo Navarra. "Seismic Protection of the Goddess of Morgantina Statue Through an Innovative Base-Isolation Device: Validation by Shake-Table Tests". En Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 717–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21187-4_61.

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Angelica, Margherita y Eugenia Trigoso. "Cell Source and Apheresis". En The European Blood and Marrow Transplantation Textbook for Nurses, 77–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23394-4_5.

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AbstractApheresis involves the separation of whole blood into its component layers via the use of an automated blood cell separator machine and the process of continuous flow centrifugation. This allows for the isolation and collection of a variety of blood cells, including monocytes, lymphocytes, CD34 positive cells and dendritic cells, whilst simultaneously returning the other blood components back to the donor.The transplantation of haemopoietic stem cells to facilitate the treatment of a variety of haematological and non-haematological diseases is well established (BSBMTCT, 2022) (https://bsbmtct.org/indications-table—accessed Oct 2022).Peripheral blood stem cells have largely replaced harvested bone marrow-derived stem cells in both autologous and allogeneic transplant settings. Collection of peripheral blood stem cells generally yields a purer, less contaminated and more consistent product with a greater CD34 positive cell dose when compared to those harvested from the bone marrow. Thus shortening engraftment time, limiting infection risks and potentially enhancing the graft versus leukaemia effect in the allogeneic patient. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) provides a further stem cell source, which may be used in allogenic transplantation if appropriate.In recent years the ability to isolate blood-derived mononuclear cells via apheresis has been instrumental in the development of individually targeted, patient -specific immunotherapies, most notably Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. These type of cell collections are rapidly becoming a routine activity for many collection facilities.Successful collection of cellular blood products via apheresis has its challenges and is influenced by a multitude of variables, including patient’s clinical condition, vascular access, timing of collection, mobilisation regimes, institutional capacity, staff experience and regulations and accreditations.Apheresis and Bone Marrow collection facility accreditation by FACT-JACIE (2021) requires compliance and rigorous validation of standards in relation to all collection, processing, storage, distribution and infusion activities.In 2018 FACT-JACIE incorporated the administration of immune effector cells (IEC) into the scope of accreditation standards, which describes that additional training, policies for patient treatment, management of associated toxicities and maintenance of product chain of identity, additional outcome and follow-up reporting to relevant bodies are also an important requisite to fulfil compliance.

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"Table of Contents". En In Isolation, VII—VIII. Harvard University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2d8qwt5.2.

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"Table of Contents". En Splendid Isolation, 5–6. Aarhus University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv35r3vp1.2.

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"Table of Contents". En France in Flux, v—vi. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvqmp3xz.2.

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"Table of Contents". En In Splendid Isolation, V—VI. Amsterdam University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt6wp5r0.2.

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"Table of Contents". En État des flux de trésorerie, VII—X. Presses de l'Université du Québec, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv18ph2gt.2.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Isolation de la table de flux"

Marty B. Rhoades, David B. Parker, Brent Auvermann, N. Andy Cole, Zena Perscbacher-Buser, Robert E. DeOtte y Jr. "Factors Affecting Emission Measurements with Surface Isolation Flux Chambers". En 2005 Tampa, FL July 17-20, 2005. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.20124.

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Tan, Wende, Yangyu Chen, Yuan Li, Ying Liu, Jianping Wu, Yu Ding y Chao Zhang. "PTStore: Lightweight Architectural Support for Page Table Isolation". En 2023 60th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dac56929.2023.10247657.

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Cale Boriack, Ronald E. Lacey, Saqib Mukhtar, Atilla Mutlu, Sergio C. Capareda, Bryan W. Shaw y Calvin B. Parnell. "Adsorption Kinetics of Ammonia on a Dynamic Isolation Flux Chamber". En 2005 Tampa, FL July 17-20, 2005. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.19836.

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Chang, Tzu-Wen, Zhi-Hong Huang, You-Jia Chang, Jian-Jhih Kuo y Ming-Jer Tsai. "Isolation Guarantees with Flow Table Overflow in Software-Defined Networks". En GLOBECOM 2020 - 2020 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322620.

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Rothhardt, Jan, Getnet K. Tadesse, Steffen Hadrich, Robert Klas, Stefan Demmler, Jens Limpert y Andreas Tunnermann. "Nanoscale imaging with high photon flux table-top XUV sources". En 2016 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipcon.2016.7831172.

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Wei, Song, Kun Zhang y Bibo Tu. "Performance Impact of Host Kernel Page Table Isolation on Virtualized Servers". En 2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Image Processing, Electronics and Computers (IPEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipec51340.2021.9421326.

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Vu, Hung V. y Bruce J. Torby. "Pneumatic Vibration Isolation of a Table Traversed by a Moving Load". En ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1993-0246.

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Abstract The modeling and analysis of a vibration isolated table system is investigated as a preliminary study for the design of an active feedback control system. The system consists of a table, a moving load traversing on the top surface of the table, and four identical pneumatic isolators supporting the table at four corners. For each isolator, there is a spool valve and a needle valve. A mathematical model of the system is developed, which includes the governing differential equations of the rigid table and pneumatic isolators, the nonlinear saturating characteristics of the spool valve, and the flow restriction of the needle valve. The isolation table is commercially available. Using MATRIXX/SystemBuild, the time response of the table is simulated for a few representative cases. The results indicate that the table will descend and not return to the original position, for any speed of the moving load, until the load stops. The higher the speed of the load, the quicker and farther down the table will descend. The larger the opening of the needle valve is, the table oscillates more because of less damping. The table response is relatively well damped even when the needle valve is fully open. The speed of the response, which is measured by the settling time, is fastest when the needle valve is open at about 25%.

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Maruyama, Naoto, Tomoharu Iida y Yuichi Chida. "Transient response improvement of pneumatic isolation table by controller switching method". En 2014 53rd Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers of Japan (SICE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sice.2014.6935244.

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Mitsuhashi, Tomoya, Nijihiko Ishihara, Masaya Tanemura y Yuichi Chida. "Performance Improvement of Pneumatic Isolation Table Control with a Non-linear Quantizer". En 2020 59th Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers of Japan (SICE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/sice48898.2020.9240282.

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Aoki, Yui y Shinji Wakui. "Pressure mode control of pneumatic isolation table with two degrees-of-freedom". En 2016 International Conference on Advanced Mechatronic Systems (ICAMechS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icamechs.2016.7813458.

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Informes sobre el tema "Isolation de la table de flux"

Feldman, E. Computer Spreadsheet Representation of the Groeneveld et al. 2006 Critical Heat Flux Look-Up Table. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octubre de 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1159036.

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Brown, D., W. Freeman y W. Haney. Development of the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for the 2012 Emergency Response Guidebook. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), junio de 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1137185.

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Brown, D. F., A. J. Policastro, W. E. Dunn, R. A. Carhart, M. A. Lazaro, W. A. Freeman y M. Krumpolc. Development of the table of initial isolation and protective action distances for the 2000 Emergency Response Guidebook. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/775267.

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Brown, D. F., W. A. Freeman, R. A. Carhart y M. Krumpolc. Development of the table of initial isolation distances and protective action distances for the 2004 emergency response guidebook. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/925265.

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Kopp, Gregory A., David Sills, Emilio S. Hong y Joanne Kennell. Northern Tornadoes Project. Northern Tornadoes Flyover Project: Summary Technical Report of the Year 1 Pilot Study. Western Libraries, Western University, enero de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/ntpr181.

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12 January 2018 The objectives of the Year 1 Pilot Study were to (i) develop a methodology for determining tornado occurrence in Northern Ontario, and (ii) obtain research quality data for at least one event. Because of the isolation of many regions, the approach assumed the use of radar data analysis combined with aerial surveys. These objectives were achieved. Aerial surveys were conducted for a total of seven events in Ontario and southern Quebec and 15 confirmed or probable tornadoes identified. Archival geo-tagged imagery was obtained for six of these events. Ten confirmed or probable tornadoes were identified in Ontario, five of which were not in the OSPC database. In addition, 5 tornadoes were confirmed in Quebec. For the 2017 season, the OSPC had a list of 10 verified tornadoes, as of December 21, 2017. The pilot project raises this number to 15. In total, 4 EF2 tornadoes and 1 EF3 tornado were identified via aerial photography. The remainder were EF1 or EF0. UPDATE – 23 April 2018 Based on the analysis of newly available Planet.com high-resolution satellite imagery and related tools, several events were reassessed and a number of additional tornadoes were discovered. Overall, an additional three tornadoes were added to 2017 count. The updated events are listed in a revised 2017 summary table appended at the end of this document.

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Mojidra, Rushil y Keri Ryan. Influence of Vertical Ground Motion on Bridges Isolated with Spherical Sliding Bearings. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, diciembre de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/rynq3624.

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The motivation for this project developed from testing of a full scale building isolated with triple friction pendulum bearings on the E-defense shake table in Japan. The test demonstrated experimentally that the vertical component of ground motion can amplify both the base shear and the story acceleration in the isolated building. Vertical shaking introduced high-frequency variation in the axial force of the bearings, and, consequently, a high-frequency component in the bearing lateral force, which excited higher structural modes in the building. Since vertical bridges are flexible in the vertical direction because of long spans, similar effects may be observed in bridges. The objectives of this study are to develop a physical understanding of the amplification of responses and develop a simplified method to predict amplification of base shear in three-dimensional (3D) shaking relative to two-dimensional (2D) shaking, for bridges isolated with spherical sliding bearings. A series of ground motions with a wide range of vertical shaking intensity were applied to 3D models of bridges isolated with triple pendulum bearings (TPBs), both excluding the vertical component (2D motion) and including the vertical component (3D motion). This enabled the comparison of the bridge response under 2D and 3D shaking such that the direct effect of vertical shaking could be investigated. The selected ground motions were fit to target spectra in the horizontal and vertical directions, and divided into three groups based on vertical peak ground acceleration (PGAV). Multi-span concrete box girder bridges were selected for this study, as they are a prominent bridge type in California, and are suitable for seismic isolation. Models were developed for a 3-span, 45-ft wide, multi-column Base Model bridge; various superstructure and isolation-system parameter variations were implemented to evaluate the effect of these variations on the amplification of base shear. Response histories were compared for a representative motion from each ground-motion group under 2D and 3D shaking. Modal and spectral analyses were conducted to understand dynamic properties and behavior of the bridge under vertical motion. Based on simplified theory, a method to estimate the amplification of base shear due to vertical shaking was developed. The accuracy of the simplified method was assessed through a base shear normalized error metric, and different amplification factors were considered. Response history analysis showed significant amplification of base shear under 3D motion implying that exclusion of vertical component could lead to under estimation of demand shear forces on bridge piers. Deck acceleration spectral response at different locations revealed that a transverse-vertical modal coupling response was present in the Base Model bridge, which led to amplification of deck accelerations in addition to base shear due to excitation of the superstructure transverse mode. The simplified method predicted that in addition to the peak vertical ground acceleration base shear amplification depended on the isolation-system period (radius of curvature) and friction coefficient. The error in the simplified method was approximately constant across the range of isolation-system parameters. Variations in the bridge superstructure or substructure modeling parameters had only a minor effect on the base shear since the deck acts as a single mass sliding on isolators; therefore, the simplified method can be applied to a range of bridge models. The simplified method includes an amplification factor that indirectly represents the dynamic amplification of vertical acceleration from the ground to the isolation system. An amplification factor of 1.0 was found to be sufficiently conservative to estimate the base shear due to 3D shaking. The lack of apparent dynamic amplification could mean that the peak vertical acceleration is out-of-phase with the base shear. The simplified method is more likely to be unconservative for high-intensity vertical ground motions due to the complexities associated with uplift and pounding. Further investigation is recommended to determine the threshold shaking intensity limit for the simplified method.

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Wu, Yingjie, Selim Gunay y Khalid Mosalam. Hybrid Simulations for the Seismic Evaluation of Resilient Highway Bridge Systems. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, noviembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ytgv8834.

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Bridges often serve as key links in local and national transportation networks. Bridge closures can result in severe costs, not only in the form of repair or replacement, but also in the form of economic losses related to medium- and long-term interruption of businesses and disruption to surrounding communities. In addition, continuous functionality of bridges is very important after any seismic event for emergency response and recovery purposes. Considering the importance of these structures, the associated structural design philosophy is shifting from collapse prevention to maintaining functionality in the aftermath of moderate to strong earthquakes, referred to as “resiliency” in earthquake engineering research. Moreover, the associated construction philosophy is being modernized with the utilization of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques, which strive to reduce the impact of construction on traffic, society, economy and on-site safety. This report presents two bridge systems that target the aforementioned issues. A study that combined numerical and experimental research was undertaken to characterize the seismic performance of these bridge systems. The first part of the study focuses on the structural system-level response of highway bridges that incorporate a class of innovative connecting devices called the “V-connector,”, which can be used to connect two components in a structural system, e.g., the column and the bridge deck, or the column and its foundation. This device, designed by ACII, Inc., results in an isolation surface at the connection plane via a connector rod placed in a V-shaped tube that is embedded into the concrete. Energy dissipation is provided by friction between a special washer located around the V-shaped tube and a top plate. Because of the period elongation due to the isolation layer and the limited amount of force transferred by the relatively flexible connector rod, bridge columns are protected from experiencing damage, thus leading to improved seismic behavior. The V-connector system also facilitates the ABC by allowing on-site assembly of prefabricated structural parts including those of the V-connector. A single-column, two-span highway bridge located in Northern California was used for the proof-of-concept of the proposed V-connector protective system. The V-connector was designed to result in an elastic bridge response based on nonlinear dynamic analyses of the bridge model with the V-connector. Accordingly, a one-third scale V-connector was fabricated based on a set of selected design parameters. A quasi-static cyclic test was first conducted to characterize the force-displacement relationship of the V-connector, followed by a hybrid simulation (HS) test in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to verify the intended linear elastic response of the bridge system. In the HS test, all bridge components were analytically modeled except for the V-connector, which was simulated as the experimental substructure in a specially designed and constructed test setup. Linear elastic bridge response was confirmed according to the HS results. The response of the bridge with the V-connector was compared against that of the as-built bridge without the V-connector, which experienced significant column damage. These results justified the effectiveness of this innovative device. The second part of the study presents the HS test conducted on a one-third scale two-column bridge bent with self-centering columns (broadly defined as “resilient columns” in this study) to reduce (or ultimately eliminate) any residual drifts. The comparison of the HS test with a previously conducted shaking table test on an identical bridge bent is one of the highlights of this study. The concept of resiliency was incorporated in the design of the bridge bent columns characterized by a well-balanced combination of self-centering, rocking, and energy-dissipating mechanisms. This combination is expected to lead to minimum damage and low levels of residual drifts. The ABC is achieved by utilizing precast columns and end members (cap beam and foundation) through an innovative socket connection. In order to conduct the HS test, a new hybrid simulation system (HSS) was developed, utilizing commonly available software and hardware components in most structural laboratories including: a computational platform using Matlab/Simulink [MathWorks 2015], an interface hardware/software platform dSPACE [2017], and MTS controllers and data acquisition (DAQ) system for the utilized actuators and sensors. Proper operation of the HSS was verified using a trial run without the test specimen before the actual HS test. In the conducted HS test, the two-column bridge bent was simulated as the experimental substructure while modeling the horizontal and vertical inertia masses and corresponding mass proportional damping in the computer. The same ground motions from the shaking table test, consisting of one horizontal component and the vertical component, were applied as input excitations to the equations of motion in the HS. Good matching was obtained between the shaking table and the HS test results, demonstrating the appropriateness of the defined governing equations of motion and the employed damping model, in addition to the reliability of the developed HSS with minimum simulation errors. The small residual drifts and the minimum level of structural damage at large peak drift levels demonstrated the superior seismic response of the innovative design of the bridge bent with self-centering columns. The reliability of the developed HS approach motivated performing a follow-up HS study focusing on the transverse direction of the bridge, where the entire two-span bridge deck and its abutments represented the computational substructure, while the two-column bridge bent was the physical substructure. This investigation was effective in shedding light on the system-level performance of the entire bridge system that incorporated innovative bridge bent design beyond what can be achieved via shaking table tests, which are usually limited by large-scale bridge system testing capacities.

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