Tesis sobre el tema "Ionic transport properties correlations"
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Pung, Hélène. "Cristaux liquides ioniques thermotropes : Relations structure/propriétés de transport ionique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALV007.
Texto completoDeveloping multi-scale spatial (nano/meso/micro-macroscopic) and temporal studies is crucial to understand, control, and pilot the relationships linking the structure to the ionic transport properties of hierarchically self-assembled functional materials. It is along these research lines that this exploratory work is positioned to meet their associated scientific challenges. It aims in particular to bring together elements of understanding for designing families of electrolytes with tuneable-by-design (cat/an)ionic conductivity levels and that can be implemented by reliable manufacturing processes to authorize their scalable integration into more efficient electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. The scrutinized model families of soft-matter electrolytes are Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals (TILCs), which synergistically combine dynamic hierarchical self-assembly with self-healing functionalities to encode dimensionality (quasi-1D/ quasi-2D/3D) controlled ionic transport. This research work presents and discusses the molecular engineering, syntheses and detailed studies of these model stimuli-responsive (An/Cat)ionic (A/C)-TILCs conductors.The study of the supramolecular organization of a model family of K+ and Na+ cation-conducting C-TILCs has unravelled i) a monotropic (i.e. which develops only during of the first heating scan) bicontinuous Cubic mesophase (Cubbi) with an Ia3d symmetry and ii) a hexagonal Columnar mesophase (Colhex), encoding 3D and quasi-1D transport processes, respectively. Polar ionic sub-domains are localized at the heart of the columns decorated at their periphery by aliphatic chains. The experimental study and modelling of the confinement of charge carriers within a model family of C18C18Im+/X- (X= Br-, I-, N(CN)2-) A-TILCs forming interdigitated Smectic A mesophases (SmAd are hosting quasi-2D anisotropic ionic transport) reveals a regime of nanoconfinement of anions subjected to electrostatic interactions within the ca. 1 nm-"thick" polar sub-layers within their lamellar organizations. The study of these TILCs thus addresses the functional impact of mosaicity, i.e. how the coexistence of mesomorphic domains presenting different orientations and sizes is impacting ionic transport.A first direct experimental description allows to describe the role of this dynamic mosaicity both i) on the long-range organization of mesomorphic domains and ii) onto ion transport at the meso-/macro-scopic scale. Within mesophases formed by the K+-cation conducting C-TILC, the Cubbi mesophase presents conductivity values two orders of magnitude greater than those associated to the Colhex mesophase. As the Cubbi mesophase does not require specific defect management strategies (low density of defects/homophasic interfaces), it turns out that polar subdomains can thus percolate efficiently according to an intrinsically 3D mechanism. In contrast, the long-range ordering of the (dynamic) SmAd mesomorphic domains of the C18C18Im+/N(CN)2- A-TILC, induced by the application of an external stimulus (here, a magnetic field of 1 T), results in a ca. x1.6 increase (from 92 to 145 nm) of the average size of mesomorphic domains at 80°C. Due to the reduction of the disorder and of the number of homophasic interfaces (which can penalize the transport of anions), a natural (expected) increase in conductivity values by a factor ca. x2.6 (9 to 25 µS·cm-1) is observed.Ultimately, TILCs, i.e. 2.0 electrolytic materials encoding ionic transport properties and (bioinspired) dynamic self-assembly/repairing functionalities, are consisting in an original class of stimuli-sensitive functional materials for the electrochemical conversion and storage of energy
Jain, P. "Ionic liquids: hydrophobicity, enthalpic effects accompanying ionic interactions and their transport properties". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2017. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/4353.
Texto completoO'Callaghan, Michael Patrick. "Structure and ionic transport properties of lithium-conducting garnets". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493341.
Texto completoKoronaios, Peter. "Studies of transport and thermodynamic properties of ionic liquids". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243047.
Texto completoHu, Zhonghan. "Transport properties, optical response and slow dynamics of ionic liquids". Diss., University of Iowa, 2007. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/160.
Texto completoAl-Zubaidi, Hussein A. "The transport properties of cation exchange membranes in bi-ionic forms". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236019.
Texto completoLiu, Jingjing. "Mass transport and electrochemical properties of La2Mo2O9 as a fast ionic conductor". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5566.
Texto completoLankhorst, Martijn Henri Richard. "Thermodynamic and transport properties of mixed ionic-electronic conducting perovskite-type oxides /". Online version, 1997. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/21054.
Texto completoBadarayani, R. D. "Effect of ionic solutes on amino acids and peptides from thermodynamic, volumetric and transport studies: experiments and correlations". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2003. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2887.
Texto completoJaweesh, Mahmoud. "Correlations between fluviatile sandstone lithofacies and geochemical properties and their importance for groundwater contaminant transport". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8170/.
Texto completoEvery, Hayley A. (Hayley Ann) 1973. "An NMR diffusion study of the transport properties in novel electrolytes". Monash University, Dept. of Materials Engineering, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8796.
Texto completoPavlin, Tina y John Georg Seland. "Dynamic correlations between susceptibility gradients and T 2 -relaxation as a probe for wettability properties of liquid saturated rock cores". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-186426.
Texto completoSpohr, Heidrun Veronika. "The influence of molecular ion characteristics on room temperature ionic liquid structure and transport properties". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25269.
Texto completoPavlin, Tina y John Georg Seland. "Dynamic correlations between susceptibility gradients and T 2 -relaxation as a probe for wettability properties of liquid saturated rock cores". Diffusion fundamentals 14 (2010) 8, S. 1-4, 2010. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13857.
Texto completoSchneider, Susanne. "Synthesis and functional properties of triarylamine self-assemblies in conducting devices : electronic, ionic, and water transport systems". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF037.
Texto completoBased on the navel and highly interesting self-assembly properties found for certain triarylamines, together with the resulting conducting properties, this PhD project investigates the synthesis and properties of triarylamines towards the transport of electrons, ions or water molecules. The thesis starts with an introduction on supramolecular chemistry and supramolecular polymers, and then discuss in its second chapter the synthesis and properties of macrocyclic triarylamine analogues with interesting electromagnetic properties. ln the following third chapter this thesis work explores the applicability of triarylamines towards the biomimetic transport of metal ions and water molecules through lipid bilayer membranes. The last chapter of this thesis then deals with the fabrication of hybrid organic/inorganic conducting surfaces through doping of non-conducting surfaces with triarylamine assemblies
Dalslet, Bjarke Thomas. "Measurement and modelling of the defect chemistry and transport properties of ceramic oxide mixed ionic and electronic conductors". Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2008. http://doc.utwente.nl/58912.
Texto completoHuang, Mantao. "Voltage control of electrical, optical and magnetic properties of materials by solid state ionic transport and electrochemical reactions". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127898.
Texto completoCataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 139-153).
Reversible post-fabrication control of material properties enables devices that can adapt to different needs or environmental conditions, and brings additional levels of functionality, paving the way towards applications such as reconfigurable electronics, reconfigurable antennas, active optical devices and energy efficient data storage. One promising way of achieving the controllability is through solid-state ionic transport and electrochemical reactions in thin film structures, where the properties of materials can be electrically controlled by a gate voltage in an addressable way. Here we explore using such ionic gating method to control the electrical, optical and magnetic properties of solid-state thin film layers, and show that large modification can be achieved for a wide range of properties. We demonstrate a new type of three terminal resistive switching device where the resistivity of a thin film conductive channel can be controlled by a gate voltage. We demonstrate solid-state ionic gating of the optical properties of metals and oxides and show the versatility of the approach by implementing voltage-controlled transmission, thin film interference, and switchable plasmonic colors. We also show that the approach allows for voltage control of ferrimagnetic order, demonstrating voltage induced 180-degree switching of the Néel vector, as a new way of magnetic bit writing. These findings extend the scope of voltage programmable materials and provide insights into the mechanisms of voltage controlled material properties by solid-state ionic transport and electrochemical reactions.
by Mantao Huang.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Caballero, Suárez Olga Liliana. "Effects of ion correlations in high density plasmas neutrino scattering and transport properties in supernovae and neutron star crusts /". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3337248.
Texto completoTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 29, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-12, Section: B, page: 7583. Adviser: Charles J. Horowitz.
Hamidi, Sakr Amer. "Thin films of polythiophenes oriented by epitaxy and high-temperature rubbing : correlations with optical, charge-transport and thermoelectrical properties". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAE019.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to study the effect of alignment and morphological control on polythiophene thin films and to correlate this control with the optical, charge transport and thermoelectric properties. Since semiconducting polymers are inherently anisotropic by nature, studying these polymers in the aligned state was essential to understand their properties. This study could be achieved by employing two techniques that are successful in orienting polymers in thin films. High-temperature rubbing (HTR) along with directional epitaxial crystallization (DEC) produced highly oriented polythiophene thin films with order parameters reaching 0.87 and crystallinities up to 65%. HTR was a successful method to control crystal sizes in rubbed poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) P3HT films. By this method, the equilibrium melting temperatures of other poly(3-alkyl-thiophene) P3ATs were calculated. We learned that the free excitonic bandwidth depends on the crystal dimensions in the rubbed thin films. We also learned that the planarity of tie-chains linking consecutive crystalline domains plays a very important role in field-effect mobility. We also discuss the peculiar morphology of poly(3-butyl-thiophene) (P3BT) and the role of the butyl side groups. Then DEC method was proposed to orient poly(3-dioctylphenyl-thiophene) (PDOPT) thin films. We examined the effect of molecular weight of PDOPT on the level of crystallinity and alignment. Consequently, this relation provided fundamental information that helped us refine the crystal structure of PDOPT. Finally, a versatile method to produce highly aligned conducting polymers was proposed. HTR followed by P-type doping proved to be an excellent way to produce highly aligned conducting thin films with enhanced thermoelectric properties. This thesis brings value to the importance of morphology control and the alignment of semiconducting thin films to understand the various properties of these highly anisotropic systems
Ma, Kefeng. "Correlations between structure and phase-properties of phosphonium salts ionic liquid crystals and media for stereoselective brominations and solutue structural studies by NMR spectroscopy". Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/458544853/viewonline.
Texto completoEiden, Philipp [Verfasser] y Ingo [Akademischer Betreuer] Krossing. "Chemistry in ionic liquids and prediction of their transport properties = Chemie in ionischen Flüssigkeiten und die Vorhersage ihrer Transporteigenschaften". Freiburg : Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/112345941X/34.
Texto completoZapata, Correa James Arturo. "Epitaxial Thin Film Growth and Study of Charge and Mass Transport Properties of Mixed Ionic Electronic Conducting GdBaCo2O5+δ (GBCO)". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/368559.
Texto completoResearch on new oxide materials with both high mixed ionic and electronic conductivity (MIEC) is of great importance in order to achieve optimum performance in a wide range of devices that have considerable potential for clean, low carbon, electrochemical energy conversion. In the case of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), in order to reduce the working temperature to the intermediate range (500-750ºC), more active cathode materials are needed. Previous studies have highlighted the great potential of GdBaCo2O5+δ (GBCO), as a cathode in SOFC, with a high reported electronic conductivity above the metal-insulator transition temperature, outstanding oxygen transport properties and enhanced surface exchange, as well as excellent stability for both structural and electrochemical performance. However, to date there is an absence of information about intrinsic ionic conductivity of this GBCO compound. To enable measurement of intrinsic electronic and particularly ionic transport properties, the greatest challenge is to synthesize dense, continuous or ideally epitaxial specimens of GBCO. The aim of this work is to achieve well-defined epitaxial GBCO deposited by PLD technique in order to fundamentally investigate their intrinsic anisotropic properties for SOFC applications. This research involved PLD target synthesis and PLD deposition for these materials. The obtained films were evaluated through crystallographic, compositional, surface morphological and microstructural characterization. Finally electrical, oxygen diffusion and surface exchange properties were characterized by Electrochemical impedance and the isotopic exchange depth profile (IEDP) with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) method. After a long process of optimization, high-quality epitaxial GBCO films mainly consisting of double-perovskite regions were obtained by PLD. The nature of the ablation process from stoichiometric GBCO target generates a deviation in the composition of the films which basically consists in a Co depletion. This composition deviation induces the appearance of characteristic stacking faults with supplementary GdO planes without affecting the overall epitaxial arrangement of the films. Despite the observed changes in the film orientation from c\\ (parallel) to c⊥ (perpendicular) upon deposition temperature increase, the film electronic conductivities seem to be mainly correlated with the cation composition. So, the larger the deviation from stoichiometric ideal composition, the lower the conductivity. This effect has been mainly ascribed to the role of defects in impeding the achievement of a long-range order of the highly conducting Pmmm structure in the films. Despite the presence of defects, the conductivities in our films, which are considered very promising for their application as cathodes in intermediate temperature SOFCs, attain values as high as 800 S/cm at temperatures between 300 and 400ºC. It also demonstrates that the appropriate choice of substrate mismatch allows growing films with either pure c-axis or a-axis orientation. This has allowed exploration of the potential anisotropy in the oxygen transport and has proven that indeed the oxygen diffusion at low temperatures is almost one order of magnitude larger along the a-axis compared to the c-axis. This has been related to the arrangement of oxygen vacancies preferentially in the GdO planes forming channels along the a-axis, and therefore providing a path for oxygen migration. However, no influence of the structure anisotropy was observed in the oxygen surface exchange rates, which were of similar values regardless of the film orientation or measuring geometry.
Overton, Philip. "Electrolytes polymères monofonctionnels à conduction monocationique : synthèse et propriétés de transport d'ions lithium". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAV010/document.
Texto completoThis thesis presents "End-Capped Single-Ion Polymer Electrolytes" (EC-SIPEs) that are ionically conductive polymers having n repeating ethylene oxide (EO) units and an ionic functional group at one chain terminal. The library of EC-SIPEs presented are based on poly(ethylene oxide) mono methyl ether (mPEOn-OH) having EOn = 8, 10, 20 and 55. The anions of the electrolyte salt pair are covalently bound to the polymer as part of the end-group design. The mobility of the anion is thus limited by the low mobility of the polymer, relative to Li+. These are "Single-Ion" conductors because the majority of ionic charge transferred by Li+ cations, as demonstrated by chronoamperometry.The end-group designs target not only ionic interactions that facilitate "single-ion" conduction of Li+, but also other specific non-covalent interactions such as dipole-dipole, Van der Waals, and π-π stacking. End-groups having naphthalene (naph) and pyrene (pyr) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) moieties are investigated. The functional end-groups are lithiated sulfonates (-SO3Li, -PhSO3Li), a N-naphyl sulfonamide (-SO2N(Li)Naph), and secondary N-aryl amines (-N(Li)Naph, -N(Li)Pyr). Two end-groups target specific properties: i) a "double salt" end-group has two ionic functions at one chain end, and ii) a zwitterionic EC-SIPE that conducts Li+ cations and TFSI- anions. The doubling of the number of Li+ per end-group does not correlate to an expected improvement in ionic conductivity (σ). This implies that σ is limited by the physicochemical properties of the EC-SIPE and not the Li+ concentration. The zwitterionic EC-SIPE has a high lithium transference number (t+Li= 0.8) that implies decreased mobility of the TFIS- counter-anion relative to Li+. The best overall performance is achieved by mPEOn-N(Li)Pyr (EOn= 10, 20, 55), that has σ > 1.0*10-4 S/cm at T > 40 °C, and reaches 1*10-3 S/cm at 100 °C. It exhibits constant resistivity under galvanostatic cycling (j= 10 μA.cm-2, 10*4h periods, Li|Li cell, 40 °C) and is electrochemically stable in the 0 V-3.7 V vs. Li/Li+ potential range (Li|stainless steel cell, 1.0 mV/s sweep rate, 40 °C).In Chapter I the context of the thesis is discussed through review of state-of-the-art polymer electrolytes for Li-ion batteries. These are divided into two sub-classes: i) Salt-in-Polymer (SiP) and ii) "Single-Ion" polymer electrolytes. The design of polymer electrolytes towards efficient and effective ionic conductivity is emphasized. Special attention is given to concepts for the organisation of bulk morphology for the creation of ion transport pathways that efficiently percolate through the micron length scale separating electrodes of a battery. Finally, the synthetic strategy implemented in this thesis is described.The principle results of the thesis are presented and discussed in Chapter II. A library of EC-SIPEs are characterised in terms of their electrochemical, thermal and specific ion-transport performances. Resistive features appear at high temperature and are expected to result from the aggregation of ionic end-groups. Surprisingly, the σ of EC-SIPEs having EOn= 55 improves by as much as half an order of magnitude with repeated cycling of temperature to above Tm of crystalline PEO (in the +40 °C to +100 °C range). The analysis of EC-SIPEs having different end-groups and PEO chains having EOn= 8, 10, 20, and 55 lead to the proposition of a tentative model for the percolation of ionic pathways through the EC-SIPE bulk. It is hypothesized that the ionic end-groups are localised at the grain boundaries of PEO domains. Percolation of these boundaries are proposed to be improved under appropriate, mild conditions of temperature and electromagnetic force. Finally, the synthesis methods implemented in this thesis and characterizations of EC-SIPEs are described in Chapter III
Dudariev, Dmytro. "Compétition entre la solvatation et l'agrégation ionique dans des systèmes ioniques-solvant : influence sur les propriétés de transport". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILR009.
Texto completoThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the microscopic structure of the series ion-molecular systems that widely used for practical electrochemistry and to characterize the effect of the ion aggregation on the transport properties of these systems. By using molecular dynamics simulation, the following systems were investigated: (i) the solutions of LiPF6 in dimethyl carbonate / ethylene carbonate mixture (1:1), (ii) the solutions of SBPBF4 in acetonitrile, and (iii) the mixtures of room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) C4mimX (X= BF4-, PF6-, TFO-, TFSI-) with dipolar aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile, γ-butyrolactone and propylene carbonate.For all the systems the aggregate analysis showed the formation of the ionic continuous network with the increase of electrolyte concentration. This affects significantly diffusivity and viscosity in these solutions.Voronoi polyhedra analysis of ILs-solvent mixtures showed that below the IL mole fraction of about 0.2, the ions are well solvated by the solvent molecules, but above this mole fraction they start to form contact pairs, while the solvent molecules, expelled from the vicinity of the ions, self-associates
Nahra, Maguy. "Dépôts électrochimiques de tantale à partir d'une électrolyte liquide ionique : étude physico-chimique de l'électrolyte et analyse des étapes du dépôt". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI073/document.
Texto completoTantalum is a metal of strategic uses such as in the field ofelectronics and biomedical implants. These fields require thedeposition of thin metallic tantalum films on different substrates.The aim of this thesis is to perform tantalum electrodepositionfrom tantalum salt at room temperature using room temperatureionic liquids as electrolytes. Tantalum electrodeposition isimpossible in aqueous solutions; therefore ionic liquids are thebest choice for this application because of their largeelectrochemical window. Room temperature ionic liquidsaccomplish both the roles of a solvent and an electrolyte. Theirperspectives are encouraging for the electrodeposition ofrefractory metals as tantalum. We have established in this thesisnew knowledge about the physicochemical and transportproperties of the electrolyte formed by tantalum salt TaF5 andthe room temperature ionic liquid [BMPyr][TFSI]. These studiescorrelated with electrochemical analysis, morphology andelemental composition analysis of the layers deposited served usin the understanding of the reduction mechanism of tantalumsalt into its metallic form. An amorphous metallic form oftantalum exists in deeper layers of the deposit in addition toresidues of the ionic liquid trapped in the pores of the layers
Zheng, Zhangfeng. "Sol-Gel Processed Amorphous LiLaTiO3 as Solid Electrolyte for Lithium Ion Batteries". Digital WPI, 2015. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/547.
Texto completoBalaguer, Ramírez María. "New solid state oxygen and hydrogen conducting materials. Towards their applications as high temperature electrochemical devices and gas separation membranes". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/31654.
Texto completoMixed ionic (oxygen ions or protons) and electronic conducting materials (MIEC) separate oxygen or hydrogen from flue gas or reforming streams at high temperature in a process 100% selective to the ion. These solid oxide materials may be used in the production of electricity from fossil fuels (coal or natural gas), taking part of the CO2 separation and storage system. Dense oxygen transport membranes (OTM) can be used in oxyfuel combustion plants or in catalytic membrane reactors (CMR), while hydrogen transport membranes (HTM) would be applied in precombustion plants. Furthermore, these materials may also be used in components for energy systems, as advanced electrodes or electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells (PCSOFC) working at high and moderate temperature. The harsh working conditions stablished by the targeted processes include high temperatures and low O2 partial pressures (pO2), probably combined with CO2 and SO2 containing gases. The instability disadvantages presented by the most widely studied materials for these purposes make them impractical for application to gas separation. Thus, the need to discover new stable inorganic materials providing high electronic and ionic conductivity is still present. This thesis presents a systematic search for new mixed ionic-electronic conductors. It includes different crystalline structures and/or composition of the crystal lattice, varying the nature of the elements and the stoichiometry of the crystal. The research has yielded new materials capable to transport oxygen ions or protons and electronic carriers that are stable in the working condition to which they are submitted.
Balaguer Ramírez, M. (2013). New solid state oxygen and hydrogen conducting materials. Towards their applications as high temperature electrochemical devices and gas separation membranes [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/31654
TESIS
Premiado
Frenck, Louise. "Study of a buffer layer based on block copolymer electrolytes, between the lithium metal and a ceramic electrolyte for aqueous Lithium-air battery". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI041/document.
Texto completoThe lithium-air (Li-air) technology developed by EDF uses an air electrode which works with an aqueous electrolyte, which prevents the use of unprotected lithium metal electrode as a negative electrode. A Li+ ionic conductor glass ceramic (LATP:Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3) has been used to separate the aqueous electrolyte compartment from the negative electrode. However, this glass-ceramic is not stable in contact with lithium, it is thus necessary to add between the lithium and the ceramic a buffer layer. In another hand, this protection should ideally resist to lithium dendritic growth. Thus, this project has been focused on the study of block copolymer electrolytes (BCE).In a first part, the study of the physical and chemical properties of these BCEs in lithium symmetric cells has been realized especially transport properties (ionic conductivities, transference number), and resistance to dendritic growth. Then, in a second part, the composites BCE-ceramic have been studied.Several characterization techniques have been employed and especially the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (for the transport and the interface properties), the small angle X-ray scattering (for the BCE morphologies) and the hard X-ray micro-tomography (for the interfaces and the dendrites morphologies). For single-ion BCE, we have obtained interesting results concerning the mitigation of the dendritic growth. The hard X-ray micro-tomography has permitted to show that the mechanism involved in the heterogeneous lithium growth in the case of the single-ion is very different from the one involved for the neutral BCEs (t+ < 0.2)
Sayah, Simon. "Impact de la formulation d'électrolytes sur les performances d'une électrode négative nanocomposite silicium-étain pour batteries Li-ion". Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4025/document.
Texto completoThis study focuses on new electrolytes and additives in order to improve the cyclability of a Si0.32Ni0.14Sn0.17Al0.04C0.35 negative composite electrode (Si-Sn) and to obtain a stable electrolyte|electrolyte interface. Indeed, like most silicon-based materials, this high-capacity Si-Sn composite (over 600 mA.hg-1) currently suffers from a short cycle life due to volume expansion during charge-discharge processes leading to the degradation of the SEI. To improve the quality of the interface, two kinds of electrolytes were evaluated: (i) mixtures of alkyl carbonates EC/PC/3DMC in which a lithium salt (LiPF6, LiTFSI, LiFSI or LiDFOB) and additives like SEI builder (vinylene carbonate (VC) or fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC)) were added, (ii) ionic liquids (IL) based on quaternary ammonium (N1114+), imidazolium (EMI+) or pyrrolidinium (PYR+) cation, associated with delocalized charge anions such as bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI-) or bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI-). The Walden diagram confirms the efficient dissociation of LiFSI and LiPF6 in EC/PC/3DM ensuring ionic conductivities as high as 12 mS.cm-1. Although possessing limited transport properties in such a ternary mixture compared to other salts, LiDFOB forms, without additional additives, an high quality SEI allowing the composite to provide the best performances in half cells (560 mA.hg-1 and 98.4% coulombic efficiency). The use of additive is however necessary to reach the objectives fixed by the ANR research project in terms of coulombic efficiency (>99.5%). In this case, the addition of 2%VC+10%FEC to the ternary mixture is the most interesting composition with LiPF6 as lithium salt. So, the Si-Sn nanocomposite material reaches 550 mA.h.g-1 during 100 cycles at C/5 with 99.8% efficiency. In IL, the best performances are achieved in [EMI][FSI]/LiFSI (1 mol.L-1). The performances of the Si-Sn composite reaches 635 mA.h.g-1 for 100 cycles at C/5 with coulombic efficiency close to 100%, without additives. This electrolyte formulation generates a stable SEI which the mainly mineral composition, is predominantly derived from the reduction products of FSI-
Sood, Rakhi. "Electrolytes polymère nano-structurés à base de liquides ioniques pour les piles à combustible hautes températures". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00819818.
Texto completoChaudoy, Victor. "Electrolytes polymères gélifiés pour microbatteries au lithium". Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR4019/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis, a new polymer gel electrolyte was prepared and optimized for Li based microbatteries. The gel consisted of an ionic liquid based phase (P13FSI/LiTFSI) confined in a semi-interpenetrating polymers (sIPN) network (PVdF-HFP/crosslinked PEO). sIPN electrolytes were prepared and optimized according to the PVdFHFP/ crosslinked PEO ratio and the liquid phase fraction. Furthermore, the sIPN electrolyte was used as an electrolyte in Li/LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 battery. The performances of the battery (specific capacity, efficiency, cyclability) were determined and compared to batteries using a crosslinked PEO or PVdF-HFP based gel. Such a thin and stable sIPN electrolyte film enabled the preparation of Li based microbatteries using thermal evaporation deposition of lithium directly conducted on the sIPN electrolyte film. This assembly (Li/sIPN) was therefore used to prepare a LiCoO2/sIPN gel/Li quasi solid-state microbattery. This microbattery showed a stable nominal capacity of 850 μAh for over 100 cycles of charge and discharge under 1 C rate at 25°C
Berthelot, Romain. "Contribution à l’étude électrochimique du système P2-NaxCoO2 : synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux oxydes lamellaires ordonnés (A/A’)CoO2 (A, A’ = Li, Na, Ag)". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14119/document.
Texto completoThe P2-NaxCoO system exhibits various outstanding physical phenomena such as promising thermoelectric properties (for x ~ 0.7) and superconductivity for hydrated compositions. The first part of the present study uses electrochemistry through sodium batteries to deeply explore the P2-NaxCoO2 phase diagram (for x ≥ 0.5) in a continuous way, with especially an in situ XRD experiment that follows sodium ions intercalation. Peculiar single-phase compositions are characterized by a specific electrochemical voltage, and their relative thermal stability is studied through electrochemical cycling at various temperatures.The second part of this project deals with the ordered OP4-(Li/Na)CoO2 system which also exhibits promising thermoelectric features. Its structure is characterized by an alternate intercalation of lithium and sodium ions. Using this system, topotactic ionic exchanges enable to obtain three new stackings, O4-LiCoO2, D4-AgCoO2, and the OD4-(Li/Ag)CoO2 which are first simulated, experimentally evidenced and then characterized. The OD4 stacking is thefirst example of a NaCl / delafossite intergrowth in the same layered structure
Hamdoune, Salaheddine. "Relations entre les structures et les propriétés de transport des solutions solides Li(1+x)Ti(2-x)In(x)P(3)O(12)". Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10088.
Texto completoCadena, Cesar. "Molecular modeling of the thermophysical and transport properties of ionic liquids". 2006. http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-08232006-143125/.
Texto completoThesis directed by Edward J. Maginn for the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-182).
Kelkar, Manish Sushil. "Computing transport properties of molecular and ionic fluids using atomistic simulations". 2007. http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-10242007-160102/.
Texto completoThesis directed by Edward J. Maginn for the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. "October 2007." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 265-284).
Bzainia, Amir. "Preparation and ionic transport properties of conductive polymers for dye-sensitized solar cells". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/19585.
Texto completoThis work aims to improve the components of the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) which are a type of photovoltaics that consist mainly of a photoanode, a counter electrode, a light sensitive molecule (sensitizer) and an electrolyte solution that regenerates the solar cell through a redox system. The improvement of the DSSC focuses on the material used for the counter electrode. Usually, it is made out from platinum sputtered on a conductive glass. However, platinum is an expensive metal that is hard to manipulate and can be corroded by the mediator. In this perspective, an alternative material for the expensive platinum is investigated which is the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). This polymer has a structure that promotes high ionic and electronic conductivities, and it can be doped with different anions (e.g. PSS, perchlorate). PEDOT was synthesized chemically and electrochemically. Its chemical structure was characterized by FTIR. The electrochemical behavior of PEDOT was assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The catalytic activity of PEDOT towards the redox system proved to be higher than the activity of the platinum. In addition to the experimental approach, modelling of the ionic-electronic conductivity of PEDOT was performed based on the Nernst-Planck-Poisson and the Butler-Volmer formalisms, and the simulation outputs were fitted to the experimental data. In the last step, the conductive polymer PEDOT was used as a counter electrode to fabricate DSSCs. The cells were characterized through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and through current-voltage (J-V) curves. The based PEDOT cells demonstrated an efficiency of 8.1%, which was higher than the based-platinum solar cells (6.3%).
Ce travail vise à améliorer les composants des cellules solaires à pigment photo-sensibles (en anglais dye-sensiztized solar cells, DSSCs). Ce type de cellule photovoltaïque se compose principalement d'une photoanode, d'une contre électrode, d'une molécule sensible à la lumière (pigment) et d'une solution électrolyte qui régénère la cellule solaire à travers un système redox. L'amélioration de la DSSC se concentre sur le matériau utilisé dans la contre électrode. Généralement, cette dernière est faite de platine déposé sur un verre conducteur. Cependant, le platine est un métal coûteux qui est difficile à manipuler et peut être corrodé par le couple redox. Dans cette perspective, un matériau alternatif pour le platine est étudié et qui s’agit du polymère conducteur (3,4-éthylènedioxythiophène) (PEDOT). Ce polymère a une structure qui favorise la conductivité ionique et électronique, et il peut être dopé avec des anions différents (par exemple PSS, perchlorate). Le PEDOT a été synthétisé par la voie chimique ainsi que la voie électrochimique. Sa structure chimique a été caractérisée par FTIR. Le comportement électrochimique du PEDOT a été évalué par la voltamétrie cyclique (CV). L'activité catalytique du PEDOT vis-à-vis du système redox s'est avérée plus élevée que celle du platine. En plus de l'approche expérimentale, la modélisation de la conductivité ionique et électronique du PEDOT a été réalisée en se basant sur les formalismes de Nernst-Planck-Poisson et de Butler-Volmer. Les résultats de la simulation ont été ajustés aux données expérimentales. Dans la dernière étape, le polymère conducteur PEDOT a été utilisé comme une contre électrode pour fabriquer des DSSCs. Les cellules ont été caractérisées par la spectroscopie d'impédance électrochimique (EIS) et par les courbes de courant-tension (J-V). Les cellules à base de PEDOT ont montré une efficacité de 8,1 %, ce qui était plus élevé que les cellules solaires à base de platine (6,3 %).
Este trabalho visa melhorar os componentes das células solares sensíveis ao corante (DSSCs) que são um tipo de células fotovoltaicas que consistem principalmente em um foto-ânodo, um contra elétrodo, uma molécula sensível à luz (sensibilizante) e uma solução de eletrólitos que regenera a célula solar através de um sistema redox. A melhoria da DSSC centra-se no material usado para o contra elétrodo. O contra elétrodo é geralmente preparado através da deposição de uma camada fina de platina na superfície de um substrato de vidro condutor. No entanto, a platina é um metal caro que é difícil de manipular, pode ser corroído pelo redox e nessa perspetiva, materiais alternativos (polímeros condutores, grafite, nanotubos de carbono…) para a substituição da platina têm vindo a ser investigados. Nesta investigação foi escolhido o polímero condutor poli (3,4-etilenodioxitiofeno) (PEDOT) para substituir a platina na preparação do contra elétrodo. Este polímero possui uma estrutura que promove altas condutividades iônicas e eletrônicas, podendo ser dopado com diferentes aniões (por exemplo, PSS, perclorato). O PEDOT foi sintetizado quimicamente e electroquimicamente, a sua estrutura química foi caracterizada por espectroscopia de infravermelhos (FTIR) e o comportamento eletroquímico do PEDOT foi avaliado através de voltamétrica cíclica (CV). A atividade catalítica de PEDOT para o sistema redox provou ser maior do que a atividade da platina. Além da abordagem experimental, a modelagem da condutividade iônica-eletrônica do PEDOT foi realizada com base nos formalismos de Nernst-Planck-Poisson e Butler-Volmer, e os resultados da simulação foram ajustados aos dados experimentais. Na última etapa, o polímero condutor PEDOT foi usado como um contra elétrodo para fabricar DSSCs. As células foram caracterizadas por espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica (EIS) e por curvas de corrente-tensão (J-V) e os resultados obtidos mostram que as DSSCs fabricadas, usando PEDOT como base apresentam uma eficiência de 8,1%, maior do que as células solares baseadas em platina de 6,3%.
يهدف هذا العمل إلى تحسين مكونات الخلايا الشمسية الصبغية (DSSCs) والتي تعد نوعًا من الخلايا الكهروضوئية ال ت ي تتكون أساسًا من مصعد )أنود(، مهبط )كتود(، صباغ حساس للضوء ومحلول إلكتروليتي لإعادة توليد الخلايا الشمسية من خلال نظام الأكسدة. يركز تحسين الخلايا على المواد المستخدمة في المهبط )كتود(، و الذ ي عادة ما يتم تصنيعه من البلاتين الموضوع على زجاج ناقل للكهرباء. يعد البلاتين معدنًا مكلفًا يصعب معالجته ويمكن تآكله بواسطة الإلكتروليت . لذا، تمت دراسة مادة بديلة للبلاتين باهظ الثمن وهي مبلمر موصل ) 4.3 -إيتيلين ديوكسي تيوفين( (PEDOT) . يحتوي هذا المبلمر على هيكل يعززبصفة عالية التوصيلات الأيونية والإلكترونية، ويمكن إشابته بأنيونات مختلفة . ت م تصنيع PEDOT كيميائيا وكهربائيا ث م تشخيصه بواسطة FTIR لمعرفة تركيبته الكيميائية. ت م تقييم السلوك الكهروكيميائي ل PEDOT بواسطة قياس الجهد الدوري . ت م إثبات أ ن النشاط التحفيزي ل PEDOT تجاه نظام الأكسدة أعلى من نشاط البلاتين. بالإضافة إلى المنهج التجريبي، ت م نمذجة التوصيلية الأيونية الإلكترونية ل PEDOT استنادًا على معادلات نرست-بلانك-بواسون وبتلر- فلمر، وت م مقارنة النتائج التجريبية بنتائج المحاكاة. أخيرا، ت م استخدام هذا المبلمر الموصل كمهبط )كتود( لتصنيع خلايا شمسية صبغية. ت م تقييم الخلايا من خلال مطيافية المعاوقة الكهروكيميائية (EIS) ومن خلال منحنيات التيار-توتر (J-V) . أظهرت الخلايا القائمة على PEDOT كفاءة 8.1 ٪، والتي كانت أعلى من الخلايا الشمسية القائمة على البلاتين ) 6.3 .)
Without funding, however I would not have the opportunity to accomplish this work. I gratefully acknowledge funding form the project “AIProcMat@N2020-Advanced Industrial Processes and Materials for a Sustainable Northern Region of Portugal 2020”, with the reference NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000006, supported by “Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programa” (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and of Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006984-Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM funded by ERDF through COMPETE2020-Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) and by national funds through FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia.
Chuen-LinChiu y 邱春霖. "The Effect of Polyethyleneglycol and LiTFSI on the Transport and Physical properties of Dicationic Ionic Liquids". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70499252538978195883.
Texto completo國立成功大學
化學系
102
The effects of the incorporation of polyethyleneglycol (PEG200). ethylene carbonate (EC), or LiTFSI on the physicochemical and transport properties of dicationic ionic liquids (ILs) [IMCI][TFSI] (3,3'-(2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(1-ethyl-3-imidazolium) bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide, S1) and [IMOI][TFSI] (3,3'-(octane-1,8-diyl)bis(1-ethyl-3-imidazolium)bis(trifluoromethylsulf- onyl) amide, S2) were studied. The evolution of the density, viscosity, ionic conductivity, and diffusion coefficient were evaluated. The addition of PEG200 in IL electrolyte S1 or S2 with 0 〈 x (mole fraction) 〈 1 has been investigated. This addition reduces the density and viscosity, and enhances the ionic conductivity and diffusion coefficient, the viscosity decrease in S2 is less pronounced than in S1, and therefore no appreciable change in ion dissociation in S1 but a decrease in S2, showing that the viscosity change plays the important role leading to the beneficial effect of the additive solvent PEG200. Furthermore, from the opposed trend of ion dissociation in S1 and S2, the addition of PEG200 decreases the ion association in S1, but the ion association decrease is lower in S2 due to the same –C-O-C- chain component in both PEG200 and S2. The addition of EC (x=0.7) in IL electrolyte S1 or S2 reduces the density and viscosity, and enhances the ionic conductivity and diffusion coefficient. whereas unlike the addition of PEG200, ion dissociation decreases in both S1 and S2 due to the dissociation or solvation effect of EC. However, as the addition of PEG200. the viscosity decrease and the conductivity increase in S1 is more pronounced than in S2, indicating that the addition of oxygen-containing EC may induce a more dramatic liquid structure change in S1 with aliphatic linking chain. The conductivity and the diffusion coefficient values for the ILs + 0.7 mole fraction EC + LiTFSI (x=0.0757、0.1403、0.1969、0.2464) are lower than those obtained with ILs + 0.7 mole fraction EC, the viscosity and the density values higher, and for self-diffusion coefficient, the cation 4 times and the anion 5 times higher than the Li ion in the ILs + 0.7 mole fraction EC + LiTFSI. This indicates that on the addition of LiTFSI, the formation of complex [Li(TFSI)n+1]n- and the solvation of Li+ by EC increase the ion association, and then result in a higher viscosity. In conclusion, the mixtures of dicationic IL and PEG200, EC, or TFSI constitute an interesting solvent with the physicochemical and transport properties governed mainly by viscosity change in different manners.
"Effects of ion correlations in high density plasmas: Neutrino scattering and transport properties in supernovae and neutron star crusts". INDIANA UNIVERSITY, 2009. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3337248.
Texto completoSchuch, Michael. "The Mixed Glass Former Effect- Modeling of the Structure and Ionic Hopping Transport". Doctoral thesis, 2013. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2013101111690.
Texto completoMatsuoka, T., S. Koda, T. Yamaguchi y A. Nagao. "A theoretical study on the anomalous pressure dependence of the transport properties of ionic liquids: Comparison among lithium bromide, silica, and water". 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7064.
Texto completoTa-TeChen y 陳達德. "Structural/Electrochemical Properties and Thick-Film Design of BaxSr1-xCoyFe1-yO3-δ Mixed Ionic/Electronic Conductor for Oxygen Transport Membrane (OTM) Application". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46sn69.
Texto completo國立成功大學
材料科學及工程學系
106
Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ, denoted as BSCF, is a well-known mixed ionic/electronic conductor (MIEC) due to the potential on the applications as a cathode material of the intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) and oxygen transport membranes (OTMs). The crystal structures of the BaxSr1-xCoyFe1-yO3-δ (x=0~1, y=0~1) had been investigated by the X-ray diffraction patterns. When x=0, the SrCo0.8Fe0.2O3-δ shows unstable crystal structure with additional peaks of tetragonal SrCoO2.8 and the primary phase is cubic perovskite. When x=0.2 to 0.6, there all showed the cubic perovskite structures and peaks shifted to lower diffraction angles with the increasing amount of Ba suggested the expansion of crystal. When the x exceeds 0.6, the structure cannot maintain the single cubic perovskite due to the larger ionic radius of Ba2+ (1.61Å) and transferred into the cubic perovskite BaFeO3, orthorhombic BaCoO2.7 and SrFe2O4 structure. The XRD pattern shows mainly hexagonal BaFeO2.9 and Co3O4 in the composition of x=1. The diffraction pattern of y=0~0.8 shows the cubic perovskite structure and the structure become oxygen vacancy-ordered 2-H type hexagonal phase with y=1. The conductivity of BaxSr1-xCoyFe1-yO3-δ (x=0.2~0.8, y=0~0.8) had been measured by 4-point conductivity measurements in air with silver-paste as electrodes. The conductivity decreased with the increasing of Ba dopant which is because the expansion of the crystal structure impeded the transport of charge carriers. Below 400℃, the conductivity of Ba0.5Sr0.5CoyFe1-yO3-δ (y=0~0.8) was thermal activated (Ea= 0.248-0.346 eV) and the conductivity decreased with increasing temperature above 400℃, which was attributed to the decrease in p-type carriers resulted by the reduction of Fe4+ associated with the formation of oxygen vacancies. These measurements enable better understanding of the conduction mechanism of BSCF according to the changes of composition and temperatures. The oxygen permeation flux of Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ was 1.196 and 4.223 ml/min cm2 with pO2=0.21 and pO2=1 at 900℃ with membrane thickness of 800μm. The asymmetric structure, which is consistent with 40μm gas-tight layer on 300μm porous substrate with the same material Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ, had been fabricated by tape casting method to minimize the thickness of oxygen transport membrane. The oxygen permeation of asymmetric membrane was 2.726 ml/min cm2 at 900℃. To further improve the property of oxygen permeation, a Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ catalytic layer had been fabricated on the surface of asymmetric membrane and the membrane with 9.11μm catalytic layer achieved the best results to 5.43 ml/cm2min with pO2=0.21 at 900℃ which is 99.19% and 354.01% higher than the bare asymmetric membrane and symmetric membrane.
Plumridge, Jeffrey. "Deuterium Isotope Effects on the Limiting Molar Conductivities of Strong Aqueous Electrolytes from 25 °C to 325 °C at 20 MPa". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/7736.
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