Tesis sobre el tema "Investissements long terme"
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Duval, Romain. "Déterminants de long terme des taux de change réels". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010019.
Texto completoGarel, Alexandre. "Effets réels de la structure de l'actionnariat : impact des investisseurs de long-terme sur les politiques et la performance des entreprises". Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E070.
Texto completoNo English summary available
Khalfallah, Haikel. "Etude quantitative et expérimentale des mécanismes d'incitation aux investissements dans les marchés d'électricité : Analyse à court terme et à long terme des stratégies des acteurs". Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00942300.
Texto completoKhalfallah, Mohamed Haikel. "Etude quantitative et expérimentale des mécanismes d’incitation aux investissements dans les marchés d’électricité : analyse à court terme et à long terme des stratégies des acteurs". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO22019/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we deal with the question of reliability of electricity system and particularly the problem of generation capacity adequacy in electricity markets, characterized by uncertain and volatile demand. This question is currently the object of many politics and economics debates in the European Commission of energy. It occurs within the context of deregulations and reforms of liberalization operated in western countries. This deregulation was caused many shortages and crisis in many electricity markets in the world. Failures are caused by several factors such as, the presence of uncertainties on future demand and fuel prices, the risk-averse behavior of investors and the market power exercised by existing generators. They had lead to high spot market prices and a fundamental imbalance between the steadily growing demand for power and the limited increases, due to the lack of investments, in generation capacities. Many mechanisms, additional to the energy market, that ensure an adequate incentive for investments and a stable and socially acceptable electricity prices have been proposed. In this work, we compare different investment incentive mechanisms, in terms of long-term capacity adequacy in an uncertain environment, cost effectiveness and the ability of reducing market power. In the literature, the problem of long-term system reliability has been largely studied in qualitative terms. A few works attempt to model the quantitative effects of those market designs. The contribution of this work is to propose a quantitative analysis based on dynamics models. Competition is considered by using the principles of game theory. Stochastic dynamic programming is used to deal with the stochastic environment of the market and mixed complementarity problem and variational inequality formulations are employed to find Nash equilibrium. In addition to the analytic analysis, an experimental study is carried out in order to include a larger diversity of strategy. The main finding of this thesis is that market-based mechanisms would be the most cost-efficient mechanisms for assuring long-term system adequacy, encouraging earlier and adequate new investments in the system and for reducing market power
Nasreddine, Aya. "Facteurs de risque et choix des investisseurs de long terme". Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100126/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on long term investments and risk premiums within the French financial market. The results bring evidence supporting placements in long term, risky and productive assets. In terms of portfolio management, this thesis brings several answers regarding the optimal allocation strategies. The first article demonstrates that the French financial market is weak form efficient since we could not reject the random walk hypothesis based on the variance ratio methodology. This first contribution implies that abnormal returns are resulting from risk factors and not from anomalies. Thus, the second article revisits famous asset pricing models and highlights optimal portfolio strategies. We find that value and momentum premiums are persistent in the French market. However, size premium is only observable in extreme book to market and momentum strategies. Moreover, we show that market portfolio choice is sine qua non to models performances and that the latest is surprisingly increasing in times of distress. The third article considers the term structure of risk-return tradeoff. Based on a VAR model, we find that excess annualized standard deviation of stocks excess returns with respect to bonds and bills decreases as we lengthen investment horizon which means that investors may bias their portfolios towards safe assets and neglect additional return. Furthermore, we measured the time diversification effect among stock portfolios by distinguishing small and big capitalizations and prove that it is more profitable to hold small capitalizations than big capitalizations stocks in the long run. These results shed light on inefficient prudential rules from the viewpoint of policyholders on one hand, and, on the other hand, highlight the necessity of implementing measures to revive the markets for small enterprises and facilitate their access to direct financing through the market
Ousman, Abani Ahmed. "Architectures des marchés de l'électricité pour la sécurité d'approvisionnement à long terme dans un contexte de transition énergétique". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM018/document.
Texto completoThe ongoing energy transition, partly characterized by the massive deployment of renewables, has reignited a long-lasting debate on the best market design options to provide adequate investment incentives and ensure capacity adequacy in liberalised electricity markets. To choose the appropriate market design, policymakers need to assess and compare the economic performances of available solutions in terms of effectiveness and cost-efficiency. This dissertation complements the existing literature on market design for long-term capacity adequacy by focusing on three research topics: (i) understanding how electricity markets perform under different assumptions regarding investors’ risk preferences, (ii) analysing the compatibility of private agents’ incentives to mothball capacity resources with security of supply objectives and (iii) assessing the economic performance of different market designs in a context of a high penetration of renewables. To this end, the System Dynamics modelling framework is applied to represent long-term dynamics resulting from private agents’ decisions in liberalised electricity markets. The dissertation is organised in three chapters corresponding to each of the topics mentioned above. The main results are outlined below. Firstly, capacity remuneration mechanisms are necessary to deal with the detrimental effects of investors’ risk aversion. Energy-only markets are significantly affected by this phenomenon as they experience reduced investment incentives and higher levels of shortages. Capacity markets are more resilient to private investors’ risk aversion. However, this resilience depends on the level of the price cap in the capacity auctions. For such a market design to provide satisfactory outcomes in terms of capacity adequacy, this price cap should account for the investment risk faced by market participants. Secondly, when market participants have the possibility to mothball their capacity resources, these mothballing decisions can potentially modify investment and shutdown dynamics in the long run. Furthermore, in a world with capacity lumpiness (i.e. indivisibilities), mothballing increases the level of coordination needed to ensure capacity adequacy. This is especially true in energy-only markets, where mothballing increases the level of shortages to an extent that seems to overweigh the cost savings it generates at system level. Capacity markets can provide the required coordination to ensure capacity adequacy in a world with mothballing. Thirdly, among proposed market designs in the literature, capacity markets appear as the preferable solution to ensure capacity adequacy from a social welfare point of view. Nevertheless, from a private investor’s perspective and under certain conditions related to high penetration of renewables, capacity markets with annual contracts do not entirely remove the so-called “missing money” problem. The results indicate that granting multiannual capacity contracts alleviates the problem
Bassiere, Alicia. "Powering the Future : the Decarbonization of the Electricity Industry under Uncertainty". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAG006.
Texto completoThis thesis examines the integration of uncertainty in long-term electricity investment modeling, focusing on public policies that support the transition to decarbonized electricity. It is structured around two main areas : probabilistic investment modeling and policy analysis, using stylized cases inspired by Germany's energy transition.The first chapter presents a centralized probabilistic model for investment under uncertainty, including extreme shocks. This model assesses the impact of policies like carbon taxes and renewable capacity targets on costs, emissions, and reliability. It shows that deterministic approaches can increase electricity costs and CO2 emissions, especially under shock conditions.The second chapter employs a mean-field game model to analyze the entry and exit decisions of electricity producers. This model innovates by incorporating factors like plant age and fuel prices. It demonstrates the equivalence between centralized planning and a decentralized market, enabling a comprehensive study of policies. Simulations reveal that while carbon taxes and subsidies are effective, their combination proves most optimal for decarbonization, despite a long-term price increase driven by gas usage
Schers, Jules. "Economic growth, unemployment and skills in South Africa : An Analysis of different recycling schemes of carbon tax revenue". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLA039/document.
Texto completoThis PhD thesis gives a numerical illustration of how a carbon tax affects South African GDP, employment, CO2 emissions and socio-economic inequality. It uses a “hybrid” computable general equilibrium model of an open economy in a one-step projection from 2005 to 2035. It models second-best economies, notably skill-related rigidities in the labour market and in production of electricity. Seven scenarios for recycling of carbon tax revenue are analysed, plus an option to invest a part of tax revenue in improvement of skills of labour.The analysis shows that under conventional assumptions about technological change, a carbon tax of around 100 ZAR2005 (18 USD2013) per tonne of CO2 will have little negative consequences for GDP and employment, when combined with the right type of tax revenue recycling: Labour subsidies and company profit tax reduction likely lead to the best macro-economic outcomes, though do not reduce inequality. Additional measures are needed to reduce “energy poverty”. To achieve South Africa’s NDC of the Paris Agreement, a carbon tax rate of around 300 ZAR2005 or 55 USD2013 per tonne of CO2 is necessary. However, this could have serious impacts on GDP growth. Also, without a change in the trend of increasing labour productivity, such lower GDP will lead to higher unemployment than in the reference case. An investment in skills of 7.5 billion ZAR2005 of annual Ctax revenue, with the objective of increasing access to high quality education and reducing the high skill labour shortage, if fond to have a very positive impact on GDP growth. However better calibration data is required.The findings of this PhD thesis furthermore call for thorough examination of what type of technological change could be expected for South Africa. Technological progress, consumer preferences and international circumstances limit the economy’s capacity to restructure and decarbonise and therefore to reduce negative consequences of carbon taxation for GDP growth. Proper assessment of future technological change is relevant for all sectors and inputs. Examples are given which show that energy and materials efficiency have an important role for future GDP growth under carbon constraints, because they determine the economy’s flexibility to reduce energy consumption and to substitute it, e.g. by labour. This finding normally holds not only for South Africa, but also for the rest of the world. These results also imply that international climate policy has to address technology transfer and the different potentials of national economies to decarbonise seriously
Hobeika, Samer. "L' investissement socialement responsable : des épargnants particuliers aux investisseurs institutionnel de long terme". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00680255.
Texto completoSolh, Mazen. "Fonds de pension et politique d'investissement à long terme des entreprises". Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100096.
Texto completoHobeika, Samer. "L'investissement socialement responsable: des épargnants particuliers aux investisseurs institutionnels de long terme". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00680255.
Texto completoCherrak, Jihene. "Capital-investissement et performance des introductions en bourse : application aux entreprises nouvellement introduites sur le nouveau marché et le second marché français (1991-2004)". Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TELE0025.
Texto completoIn this dissertation, it is tried to understand the effects of Venture Capital Firms (VCF) on the performance of VC-backed listed companies in France. To do this research, we try to develop, in the first part, theoretical framework and define research hypothesis. This part leads us to examine characteristics of initial public offerings (IPOs) and the role of venture capitalists particularly in conducting an IPO. We develop the argument around the role of VCF in resolving informational problems, characteristics of IPO’s market. A VCF, being specialists to draw up contract with entrepreneurs and possessing expertise and knowledge network, could diminish conflicts of interests and certify IPOs. However, these firms could run a problem of adverse selection and/or adopt opportunistic behaviour to serve their own interests. The empirical validation of this problem is dealt with in second part of this dissertation. It consists, in first place, to compare performance of VC backing IPOs to Non-VC backing IPOs. In second place, we determine the relation between the performance of VC backing IPOs and the institutional affiliation of VCF. In last part, we test explanatory power of reputation of VCF and their mechanisms of intermediation, particularly, syndication, staged financing and distribution of cash-flows and control rights
Petitet, Marie. "Long-term dynamics of investment decisions in electricity markets with variable renewables development and adequacy objectives". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED032/document.
Texto completoIn liberalised electricity systems, power markets are expected to ensure the long-term coordination of investments in order to guarantee security of supply, sustainability and competitiveness. In the reference energy-only market, it relies on the ability of power markets — where the hourly price is aligned with the marginal cost of the system — to provide an adequate price-signal for investors. However, in practice, questions have been raised about its ability to trigger investments in low-carbon technologies including in particular Renewable Energy Sources of Electricity (RES-E), and its ability to ensure capacity adequacy. After a characterisation of these market failures, this dissertation tackles the two research topics within a methodological framework based on a System Dynamics model developed to simulate private investment decisions in power markets.First, the results show that substituting out-of-market support mechanisms for RES-E by market-based investments helped by the sole implementation of a carbon price appears as a feasible solution to trigger RES-E development providing that there is a political commitment on a high carbon price. Second, it also appears that the energy-only market with price cap is ineffective to ensure capacity adequacy. Adding a capacity market or removing the price cap both bring benefits in terms of loss of load expectation and social welfare. Moreover, the capacity market is identified as the best option for regulators among the considered market designs
Wojakowski, Rafal. "Couverture dynamique optimale du risque de change de long terme pour une entreprise". Phd thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 1997. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00995269.
Texto completoAchou, Bertrand. "Retirement behaviours, housing demand and housing markets : a dynamic analysis". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010001.
Texto completoThis thesis applies tools from dynamic analysis to answer questions related to retirement behaviours and/or housing markets. In the first chapter entitled "Long-Term Care Insurance, Housing Demand, and Decumulation", I study the influence of housing on the demand for long-term care insurance comparing a structural mode! with US data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). In the second one ("Disability in Retirement, Home Production, and Informai Insurance Between Spouses"), I study how the informai insurance fom a spouse affects dissavings behaviours. The model reproduces some key patterns observed in the HRS and a companion survey the Consumption and Activities Mail Survey (CAMS). The third one entitled "Sectoral Productivity, Collateral Constraints, and Housing Markets" is a joint work with Hippolyte d'Albis and Eleni Iliopulos. We study the influence of introducing a rentai market in an otherwise standard model of the housing market with collateral constraints
Niama, Ange. "Analyse du capital social : expériences des personnes vivant avec le VIH". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5009.
Texto completoThe analysis of the experiences of people living HIV provides a better understanding of the way of living of the weight of the disease affecting at the same time the dimensions physical, emotional, social and economic of the persons directly or indirectly concerned.The loss of social utility because of the stigma, the exclusions and suffering due to the effects of the treatments or disease is a cost which the effects on the trajectories of disease result in a regression of the quality of life of people living with HIV. HIV, marker of the vulnerability of the capital health, social capital and economic capital, involves management efforts by individuals, constraints of resources to deal with the difficulties associated with the disease. In this situation, social capital is required as an alternative investment to improve the quality of life with HIV.The objective of this work is therefore to study through the analysis of the cases of HIV-positive people to HIV, their investment in the share capital to meet the requirements imposed by a life with a chronic illness, stigma, precarisante and communicable.The methodology used is a series of two surveys (one year interval between June 2010 and December 2011) by extensive interviews with thirty HIV-positive people, who live in the city of Marseille and who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study.The definition of social capital is that of the theory of Pierre Bourdieu practices general economy that explains the actions and interests of individuals. All this, without excluding the analytical scope of this concept in public health in its three forms namely the bonding, the bridging and linking respectively for social support, support or community participation and institutional intervention. The conceptual framework chosen, is the most likely to be in line with the chosen definition. That is the theory of functionnings and capabilities of Amartya SEN that shows conditions analysis and optimization of well-being from the functional autonomy of the patient and the freedom of the latter to choose its modes of life to gain its social usefulness.The results of this research show the original features of the individual experience with HIV. They verify the hypothesis that the shock of the announcement of seropositivity was experienced as death in conditional release in question any idea to build a project for the future for those infected before the 1996 because of the lack of effective therapies.In addition, this work supports social inequalities and the difficulties experienced by the HIV-positive are partly due to the reproduction of from insecure factors of the living environment in childhood. Second, investment in social capital as strategy implementation to live normally with HIV, although depending on the resources, is an effective option of access to care, education and prevention, while contributing to the improvement of the quality of life of infected people
B'Chir, Imène. "Performance à long terme des fusions-acquisitions canadiennes". Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4287/1/M12245.pdf.
Texto completoLukawecki, Sonia. "La détermination des taux d'intérêt des obligations provinciales à long terme". Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/735/1/M9959.pdf.
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