Tesis sobre el tema "Intumescen"
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Yang, Qi. "Résistance au feu de géopolymère alcalin et de de géopolymère acide". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CLIL0014.
Texto completoThis work deals with the fire resistance properties of geopolymers alkali- or acid-activated.The first part deals with the state of the art of the development of geopolymer materials,including their synthesis process, activation methods, application scenarios, and the influenceof their components on properties. A particular focus is on their potential benefit as fire-resistant materials. The thesis reveals the superior fire resistance of alkaline geopolymers andinvestigate the factors affecting the fire resistance, including the Al/Si ratio, and type ofcations. The results evidence that the lower the Al/Si ratio, the more the geopolymer softensat high temperatures (≥ 100°C) and expands due to the driving force of water vaporization.Compared to sodium-based geopolymers, potassium-based geopolymers have a lower levelof polymerization for the same curing time. Even with a high Al/Si ratio, low-polymerizationsilicates can form and cause the geopolymer to expand at high temperatures. In contrast,sodium-based geopolymers undergo higher complete polymerization reactions but lose theirsoftening ability at high temperatures (≥ 100°C) and are prone to cracking.Similar to alkali-activated geopolymers, acid-activated geopolymers exhibit good fireresistance thanks to their intumescence characteristics upon heating. The main factorinfluencing such property is the P/Al ratio. When the P/Al ratio is high (≥ 0.74), a largeamount of slightly condensed phosphorus is generated, which dehydrates and condensesupon heating, causing the material to soften and expand. Due to this intumescencecharacteristic, geopolymers with low Al/Si (alkaline geopolymer) or high P/Al (acidicgeopolymer) are promising fire-resistant material
Pinto, Tiago Manuel Carvalho Gomes. "Estudo de tintas intumescentes na protecção de elementos estruturais em condições de incêndio". Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e de Gestão, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/2080.
Texto completoPereira, Alexandre Augusto. "Desenvolvimento experimental e numérico do comportamento de tintas intumescentes na protecção de elementos estruturais em condições de incêndios". Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e de Gestão, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/2034.
Texto completoDeogon, Malkit Singh. "A study of intumescent coatings". Thesis, Brunel University, 1989. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6297.
Texto completoKnott, Paula T. A. "Intumescent formulations incorporating melamine phosphate". Thesis, Aston University, 1988. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9707/.
Texto completoKang, Sungwook. "Thermal-structural behaviour of inorganic intumescent system". Thesis, Ulster University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701059.
Texto completoTriantafyllidis, Zafeirios. "Structural enhancements with fibre-reinforced epoxy intumescent coatings". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29514.
Texto completoFayokun, Ranti. "Study of the thermal behaviours of intumescent silicate materials". Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2005. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6167/.
Texto completoCirpici, Burak Kaan. "Simulating the expansion process of intumescent coating fire protection". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/simulating-the-expansion-process-of-intumescent-coating-fire-protection(6de4a5f5-0fb7-4d28-a083-9c783c692e4c).html.
Texto completoMuller, Maryska. "Systemic approach of the synergism in flame retarded intumescent polyurethanes". Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10109/document.
Texto completoThe purpose of this Ph.D work is to present and to understand the synergy observed in the fire performances of intumescent polyurethane (PU) formulations by the addition of nanoparticles (NP). Indeed, it was shown that the addition of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) in PU leads to interesting fire properties that can be enhanced substituting a small amount of APP by NPs (MgO, SiO2, octamethyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (OMPOSS) and gold). The nature and content of the NPs play an important role on the fire retardant properties and mechanisms. First, a thermal stabilization was observed between APP and the different NPs except OMPOSS. The synergy mechanism was thus attributed to a condensed phase action where a range of chemical species, characterized by solid state NMR, are created upon heating the material in different conditions. The char properties, such as thermal conductivity, expansion and morphology, were then characterized using novel techniques (in particular tomography). It was shown that they are linked with the thermal barrier effect of the residual material explaining the good fire properties obtained when combining APP and NPs. The mechanical strength of chars developed in different conditions was also investigated but do not play a significant role on the synergy mechanism
Yuan, Jifeng. "Intumescent coating performance on steel structures under realistic fire conditions". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498956.
Texto completoShell, Adrian. "An investigation of intumescent pyrotechnics : synthetic studies towards FK506 and morphine". Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.523559.
Texto completoAnderton, Edwyn Christopher Morgan. "Relationships between polymer-additive molecular structure and intumescent flame retardant behaviour". Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1990. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19277/.
Texto completoKim, Hyungjun. "Experimental investigation of the thermo-mechanical response of Intumescent Mat Material". Connect to resource, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1132171607.
Texto completoCosta, Daniel Anísio do Nascimento. "Estudo do processo de extração do óleo da Macaúba (Acrocomia Intumescens". Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1584.
Texto completoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
A macaúba-barriguda (Acrocomia intumescens) é uma espécie de palmeira de comum ocorrência na Zona da Mata nordestina, com o fruto bastante consumido in natura pela população. Tanto sua polpa quanto sua amêndoa produzem óleos com propriedades pouco estudadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a eficiência do processo de extração do óleo da amêndoa e da polpa da macaúba através de prensagem mecânica e da extração por solvente (lixiviação) com auxílio de um planejamento experimental. A caracterização biométrica dos frutos foi realizada com o auxílio de paquímetro e balança analítica. A polpa foi extraída, após secagem a 60ºC, com uma faca, e as amêndoas foram retiradas através de uma prensa mecânica e secas na mesma temperatura, até atingirem massa constante. Na extração mecânica por prensa hidráulica, foram utilizadas as pressões: 330; 412,5; 495 e 577,5 kgf/cm². Para a lixiviação foi elaborado um planejamento fatorial 23 completo, onde foram utilizadas três variáveis: tempo de extração, solvente e método de extração, em dois níveis de controle, inferior e superior, sendo o tempo definido em 3 horas e 6 horas, o solvente em hexano e isopropanol e o método de extração do óleo em soxhlet padrão e extração contínua. Os planejamentos fatoriais da extração do óleo da polpa e da amêndoa apresentaram resultados aproximadamente semelhantes, sendo o tempo de extração o fator mais significante, seguido pelo solvente e as demais interações. A extração na pressão de 577,5 kgf/cm² apresentou a maior quantidade de óleo extraído, com 24,1 gramas de óleo em 100 g de polpa e 21,7 gramas de óleo para a mesma massa inicial de amêndoa. O maior rendimento em óleo obtido nos planejamentos experimentais foi superior a 31% para a amêndoa, utilizando a extração contínua, com o isopropanol como solvente por 6 horas de extração, e superior a 38% para a polpa nas mesmas condições. Os óleos extraídos foram caracterizados de acordo com a umidade, densidade, pH e índice de acidez. O óleo da amêndoa se mostrou propício a utilização para fins de produção de biodiesel, de acordo com as especificações desejadas, com exceção da densidade, a qual foi superior ao indicado. A combinação de extração mecânica e extração por solvente nas pressões inferiores se mostrou boa opção quanto ao teor de óleo obtido, apresentando resultados superiores aos encontrados através da pressão mecânica para as pressões superiores.
Ciret, Jérémy. "Investigation of intumescent coatings for fire protection : application to jet-fire". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10187/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this study is to understand and to explain behaviours exhibited by four epoxy based intumescent formulations used on offshore platforms facing to jet-fire. A jet-fire is a turbulent diffusion flame resulting from the combustion of a fuel continuously released with some significant momentum. It represents a significant element of the risk on offshore installations. Regarding the formulation studied, we have developed three approaches. Firstly, the visco-elastic behaviour and mechanical resistance of the formulations have been investigated. The results show that pentaerythritol causes a viscosity decrease at lower temperature that appears as prejudicial to maintain efficient char on steel substrate. In a second part, chemical evolutions of the intumescent formulation have been determined thanks to solid-state NMR and X-Ray diffraction. Interactions between ammonium polyphosphate and respective carbon sources present in formulations have been assumed, yielding to the formation of char and production of phosphorus residues. Then these phosphorus residues react at high temperature with TiO2 to form a crystalline structure TiP2O7 suspected to enhance mechanical properties and flame retardant performance. In a last part, furnace fire tests confirm this enhancement. Furthermore a new small-scale experimental setup is developed mimicking large scale jet-fire resistance test in order to obtain rapidly and at low cost reliable behaviours of a large number of formulations facing to high load mixing radiative heat and flame impact. First results have been correlated with the large-scale ones and different geometries have been considered
Hansupo, Nittaya. "Fundamental aspects of intumescent systems for fire protection of steel structures". Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R005.
Texto completoThe goal of this PhD work is to get an insight into the mechanisms of action of epoxy based intumescent coating to be able to provide the outlooks for the development of novel systems of higher protection against fire. The intumescent formulation is highly complex system. This work focuses particularly on the key components of which the understanding of the mechanisms of action is still lacking. Firstly, the mechanisms of action of borates were investigated in both chemical and thermo-physical modifications; the combination of the results obtained from different aspects allows drawing its mode of action. On the one hand, borates in particular boric acid have been mentioned to be Carcinogenic, Mutagenic, Reprotoxic (CMR); the substitution of these important intumescent components are necessary. The results point out the important role and high reactivity of zinc (i.e. from zinc borate), this suggests the development of novel systems by incorporating zinc based compound instead of zinc borate. Secondly, the effect of CaCO3 on fire protective properties and its mechanism of action in intumescent coating were examined. The addition of CaCO3 improves the fire protective properties and adhesion/cohesion of the coating and its mechanism of action was fully justified. Additionally, various carbonates (i.e. MgCO3, ZnCO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3) as intumescent ingredient were also examined. The use of MgCO3 as intumescent ingredient is beneficial for the fire protective properties of the coating as well as the use of CaCO3. In this work, the mechanisms of action of borates and carbonates were fully examined. The results suggest the development of novel systems with using the alternative ingredients such as zinc-based compound or MgCO3
Ciret, Jérémy. "Investigation of intumescent coatings for fire protection : application to jet-fire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10187.
Texto completoThe aim of this study is to understand and to explain behaviours exhibited by four epoxy based intumescent formulations used on offshore platforms facing to jet-fire. A jet-fire is a turbulent diffusion flame resulting from the combustion of a fuel continuously released with some significant momentum. It represents a significant element of the risk on offshore installations. Regarding the formulation studied, we have developed three approaches. Firstly, the visco-elastic behaviour and mechanical resistance of the formulations have been investigated. The results show that pentaerythritol causes a viscosity decrease at lower temperature that appears as prejudicial to maintain efficient char on steel substrate. In a second part, chemical evolutions of the intumescent formulation have been determined thanks to solid-state NMR and X-Ray diffraction. Interactions between ammonium polyphosphate and respective carbon sources present in formulations have been assumed, yielding to the formation of char and production of phosphorus residues. Then these phosphorus residues react at high temperature with TiO2 to form a crystalline structure TiP2O7 suspected to enhance mechanical properties and flame retardant performance. In a last part, furnace fire tests confirm this enhancement. Furthermore a new small-scale experimental setup is developed mimicking large scale jet-fire resistance test in order to obtain rapidly and at low cost reliable behaviours of a large number of formulations facing to high load mixing radiative heat and flame impact. First results have been correlated with the large-scale ones and different geometries have been considered
Hansupo, Nittaya. "Fundamental aspects of intumescent systems for fire protection of steel structures". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUR005.
Texto completoThe goal of this PhD work is to get an insight into the mechanisms of action of epoxy based intumescent coating to be able to provide the outlooks for the development of novel systems of higher protection against fire. The intumescent formulation is highly complex system. This work focuses particularly on the key components of which the understanding of the mechanisms of action is still lacking. Firstly, the mechanisms of action of borates were investigated in both chemical and thermo-physical modifications; the combination of the results obtained from different aspects allows drawing its mode of action. On the one hand, borates in particular boric acid have been mentioned to be Carcinogenic, Mutagenic, Reprotoxic (CMR); the substitution of these important intumescent components are necessary. The results point out the important role and high reactivity of zinc (i.e. from zinc borate), this suggests the development of novel systems by incorporating zinc based compound instead of zinc borate. Secondly, the effect of CaCO3 on fire protective properties and its mechanism of action in intumescent coating were examined. The addition of CaCO3 improves the fire protective properties and adhesion/cohesion of the coating and its mechanism of action was fully justified. Additionally, various carbonates (i.e. MgCO3, ZnCO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3) as intumescent ingredient were also examined. The use of MgCO3 as intumescent ingredient is beneficial for the fire protective properties of the coating as well as the use of CaCO3. In this work, the mechanisms of action of borates and carbonates were fully examined. The results suggest the development of novel systems with using the alternative ingredients such as zinc-based compound or MgCO3
Kim, Jae-Su. "Visco-plastic constitutive model development for thermo-mechanical analysis of intumescent mat /". The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486399451959509.
Texto completoOradei, Stefano <1989>. "Formulation and Study of New Eco-Friendly Intumescent Polylactic Acid Based Materials". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8666/1/Tesi%20dottorato%20in%20chimica%20XXX%20ciclo%20Stefano%20Oradei.pdf.
Texto completoTelford, Christopher Carl. "Development of organic and inorganic intumescent coatings and their use in barrier fabrics". Thesis, Brunel University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268858.
Texto completoKang, Jiyuan. "MORPHOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION OF INTUMESCENT COATINGS FOR FIRE PROTECTION OF STRUCTURAL STEEL". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1544112058459729.
Texto completoOuassou, Najib. "Étude d'un nouveau système intumescent "retard au feu" : pyrophosphate diammonique-pentaérythritol : application au polypropylène". Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10070.
Texto completoGillet, Mathieu. "Analyse de systèmes intumescents sous haut flux : modélisation et identification paramétrique". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465240.
Texto completoSaeed, Hussain. "Studies of the physical aspects of intumescence using advanced diagnostic methods". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17839/.
Texto completoFry, Zachary S. "A LABORATORY SCALE STUDY OF INTUMESCENT COATINGS FOR PROTECTION OF BUILDING STRUCTURE MEMBERS FROM FIRES". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1402055149.
Texto completoLe, Bras Michel. "Etude du processus retardateur de flamme induit par la carbonisation ablative de matériaux polymères : application aux matériaux intumescents". Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10097.
Texto completoLes caractéristiques chimiques (acidité, teneur en radicaux libres) ou physico-chimiques (organisation de la phase amorphe, structure du carbone, présence d'espèces cristallisées) expliquent la performance fr. L'intérêt de l'association d'adjuvants phosphates ou borates à des agents dérivés de la silice et d'une fonctionalisation du polymère est prouvé. Des associations de polymères, qui comprennent au moins une résine apte à la carbonisation et qui évitent le phénomène de rejet (exsudation) des adjuvants, se substituent aux agents de carbonisation classiques (polyols) avec des performances fr comparables. Ces nouveaux matériaux intumescents, de coûts égaux voire inférieurs à ceux actuellement utilisés, sont en cours de développement industriel
Alistiqsa, Fathia. "Mise au point et étude de nouvelles formulations intumescentes polyphosphates d'ammonium - pentaerythritol : Application à l'ignifugation du polypropylène". Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10050.
Texto completoSchmidt-Le, Tallec Yannick. "Valorisation de différents polyols dans des systèmes retardants de flamme : application au polyéthylène". Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10129.
Texto completoDrevelle, Christophe Delobel René Duquesne Sophie Le Bras Michel. "Étude de la dégradation de films à base de résine acrylique utilisée dans l'industrie textile". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/memoires/F2002-153.pdf.
Texto completoSur la p. de titre : DEA-Structure et dynamique des systèmes réactifs, PERF-Procédés d'élaboration de revêtements fonctionnels. Bibliogr. f. : 21-22. Annexes.
Bahrani, Babak. "Effects of weathering on performance of intumescent coatings for structure fire protection in the wildland-urban interface". Thesis, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1606131.
Texto completoThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of weathering on the performance of intumescent fire-retardant coatings on wooden products. The weathering effects included primary (solar irradiation, moisture, and temperature) and secondary (environmental contaminants) parameters at various time intervals.
Wildland urban interface (WUI) fires have been an increasing threat to lives and properties. Existing solutions to mitigate the damages caused by WUI fires include protecting the structures from ignition and minimizing the fire spread from one structure to another. These solutions can be divided into two general categories: active fire protection systems and passive fire protection systems. Passive systems are either using pre-applied wetting agents (water, gel, or foam) or adding an extra layer (composite wraps or coatings). Fire-retardant coating treatment methods can be divided into impregnated (penetrant) and intumescent categories. Intumescent coatings are easy to apply, economical, and have a better appearance in comparison to other passive fire protection methods, and are the main focus of this study.
There have been limited studies conducted on the application of intumescent coatings on wooden structures and their performance after long-term weathering exposure. The main concerns of weathering effects are: 1) the reduction of ignition resistance of the coating layer after weathering; and 2) the fire properties of coatings after weathering since coatings might contribute as a combustible fuel and assist the fire growth after ignition.
Three intumescent coatings were selected and exposed to natural weathering conditions in three different time intervals. Two types of tests were performed on the specimens: a combustibility test consisted of a bench-scale performance evaluation using a Cone Calorimeter, and a thermal decomposition test using Simultaneous Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) method (also known as SDT). For each coating type and weathering period, three different radiative heat flux levels were used in the combustibility tests. Data obtained from the tests, including flammability and thermal properties, were gathered, analyzed, and compared to non-weathered specimens.
The results revealed visible effects of weathering on pre (and up to)-ignition flammability and intumescent properties, especially decreases in Time-to-Ignition (TTI), Time-to-Intumescence (tintu.), and (maximum) Intumescence Height (Hintu.) values in weathered specimens. These results showed that the ignition resistance of the coating layers decreased after weathering exposure. On the other hand, the obtained results from weathered specimens for the post-ignition flammability properties, especially Peak Heat Release Rate (PHRR) and Effective Heat of Combustion (EHC) did not show a significant difference in comparison to the non-weathered samples. These results demonstrated that the weathered coating layer would not likely to act as an additional combustible fuel to increase fire spread.
Gardelle, Bastien. "Development and resistance to fire of intumescent silicone based coating : fire protection of steel in simulated fire". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10079/document.
Texto completoThe purpose of this Ph.D work is to develop intumescent coatings for the protection of steel against fire. The aim of this coating is to ensure the integrity of steel structure exposed to fire since steel loses more than 50% of its load capacity above 550°C. Intumescent coatings expand in case of fire leading to the formation of an insulative barrier limiting the heat transfer from the heat source to the substrate. Most of these coatings are organic based and thus exhibit some limitations. Thus, in this work, hybrid organic-inorganic coatings based on silicone resins were developed. In a first step, it is shown that room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is the silicone matrix exhibiting the best insulative properties in fire scenarios. Expandable graphite is then used as blowing agent to make the silicone swell when exposed to fire. Due to several interactions between silicone and expandable graphite at high temperature, the coating exhibits excellent fire performance. This performance was attributed to the swelling properties, the low thermal conductivity at high temperature and the good cohesion of the developed char. Additional fillers such as calcium carbonate and organoclay are incorporated in the formulation to increase the mechanical properties of the char. Finally, the critical parameters governing the insulative properties of intumescent silicone coatings have been determined. Moreover, it was pointed out that it is possible to develop silicone coatings exhibiting better fire performance than commercial intumescent paint for the protection of steel against fire in both hydrocarbon and cellulosic fire scenarios
Gardelle, Bastien. "Development and resistance to fire of intumescent silicone based coating : fire protection of steel in simulated fire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10079.
Texto completoThe purpose of this Ph.D work is to develop intumescent coatings for the protection of steel against fire. The aim of this coating is to ensure the integrity of steel structure exposed to fire since steel loses more than 50% of its load capacity above 550°C. Intumescent coatings expand in case of fire leading to the formation of an insulative barrier limiting the heat transfer from the heat source to the substrate. Most of these coatings are organic based and thus exhibit some limitations. Thus, in this work, hybrid organic-inorganic coatings based on silicone resins were developed. In a first step, it is shown that room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is the silicone matrix exhibiting the best insulative properties in fire scenarios. Expandable graphite is then used as blowing agent to make the silicone swell when exposed to fire. Due to several interactions between silicone and expandable graphite at high temperature, the coating exhibits excellent fire performance. This performance was attributed to the swelling properties, the low thermal conductivity at high temperature and the good cohesion of the developed char. Additional fillers such as calcium carbonate and organoclay are incorporated in the formulation to increase the mechanical properties of the char. Finally, the critical parameters governing the insulative properties of intumescent silicone coatings have been determined. Moreover, it was pointed out that it is possible to develop silicone coatings exhibiting better fire performance than commercial intumescent paint for the protection of steel against fire in both hydrocarbon and cellulosic fire scenarios
Duquesne, Sophie. "Etude des procédés d'ignifugation de substrats polymères par revêtements intumescents : application aux polyuréthanes". Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-Duquesne.pdf.
Texto completoConcernant le système PU/EG, une faible modification du processus de carbonisation naturelle du PU est observée. La caractérisation du processus de carbonisation, menée selon une approche physique met en évidence une aptitude à la déformation de la structure carbonée formée par dégradation du revêtement PU/APP. Aucours d'un incendie, cette structure va donc se déformer plutôt que de se fissurer et ainsi permettre un maintien des performances RF. Dans le cas du système PU/EG, l'épaisseur importante, la faible densité et, comme il est possible de le supposer la faible conductivité thermique du bouclier intumescent permettent de comprendre le mode d'action de l'EG
Didane, Nizar. "Elaboration et caractérisation fonctionnelle de matériaux polymères intumescents : application aux textiles de recouvrement". Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10062/document.
Texto completoThis work is dealing with the development of fire resistant covering textiles for railway field. It particularly concerns the improvement of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fire properties by melt blending fire retardants. Based on literature, a synergistic blend of additives has been selected (zinc phosphinates and OctaMethyl POSS nanofillers) and processed into PET multifilaments with 10% of loading content. Other fire resistant systems combining zinc or aluminium phosphinates with different POSS has been also studied. The developed materials showed distinct fire behaviours which could be related in one hand, to the released species of POSS through thermal degradation and on the other hand, to reactions between POSS and the metal element on the phosphorus-containing agent. The elaboration of highly loaded multifilaments (20 wt.%) has been studied with zinc or aluminium phosphinates which are respectively fusible and infusible. Rheological modifications occurred when fillers are added to PET and incorporation of poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) diminished the observed phenomena. Works on textile fire retardancy by fibres blending or back coating has been led and gave interesting results. Compatibility and dispersion state of fillers on polymer and their impact on the fibrous materials physical properties has been also studied
Duquesne, Sophie Delobel René. "Etude des procédés d'ignifugation de substrats polymères par revêtements intumescents application aux polyuréthanes /". Villeneuve d'Ascq : Université des sciences et technologies de Lille, 2007. https://iris.univ-lille1.fr/dspace/handle/1908/971.
Texto completoLabel européen. Résumé en français et en anglais. Titre provenant de la page de titre du document numérisé. Bibliogr. en fin de chapitres.
Giraud, Stéphane Bourbigot Serge Tighzert Lan. "Microencapsulation d'un diisocyanate et d'un phosphate d'ammonium". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2002-311-312.pdf.
Texto completoSchuerbeck, Cortés Felipe Edgardo Van. "Modelación por elementos finitos de pintura intumescente aplicada sobre perfiles de acero expuestos a incendio". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/114061.
Texto completoEl objetivo del presente trabajo fue buscar una herramienta computacional eficaz y rápida, para estudiar el comportamiento frente a la acción del fuego de los elementos estructurales de acero protegidos con pintura intumescente. En la búsqueda de esta herramienta de trabajo se desarrollaron tres modelaciones numéricas y/o computacionales que simulan el desarrollo de transferencia de calor dinámica que se genera en el ensayo normalizado de resistencia al fuego definido en la norma NCh 935/1 Of 1997. Para su desarrollo se utilizó como base de calibración una serie de ensayos de resistencia al fuego de pilares de acero protegidos con pintura intumescente, los cuales que se realizaron en el Laboratorio de Incendios del IDIEM de la Universidad de Chile, según lo indicado en la norma NCh 935/1. Para efecto del estudio se consideró la relación tiempo-temperatura de cada elemento ensayado. El primer modelo se desarrolló a partir de una serie de regresiones numéricas sobre la información obtenida de los ensayos realizados y permite predecir la temperatura promedio de un perfil de acero expuesto al fuego como una función del tiempo de exposición al fuego, de su masividad y espesor inicial de la pintura intumescente. El segundo modelo tiene como base la fórmula 4.22 del Eurocódigo 3 Parte 1.2, del año 2001, que permite determinar el aumento de la temperatura de la sección transversal de un perfil de acero protegido del fuego con diversos materiales tales como: placas de yeso-cartón, madera, morteros livianos y otros. Esta fórmula no considera la pintura intumescente dentro de las soluciones de protección, por lo que para esta modelación se estudió la forma de incluirla y validar el método. El tercer modelo utiliza un software de elementos finitos llamado COMSOL Multiphysics versión 4.0, Módulo de Transferencia de Calor. Este software simula el comportamiento térmico dinámico considerando la transmisión térmica por conducción, convección y radiación, para determinar las variaciones de temperatura de un perfil de acero protegido con pintura intumescente expuesto a las condiciones de un incendio. Como resultado de este estudio, puede afirmarse que las tres modelaciones numéricas cumplen el objetivo propuesto, dado que permiten reproducir analíticamente y en corto tiempo el comportamiento al fuego por conducción térmica dinámica de los elementos de acero cuando se protegen con pintura intumescente. Los resultados son similares a los obtenidos en ensayos de resistencia al fuego realizados de acuerdo con la norma NCh 935/1 Of 1997.
Rush, David Ian. "Fire performance of unprotected and protected concrete filled steel hollow structural sections". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8298.
Texto completoSouza, Cassiara Camelo Eloi de. "Qualidade, perfil eletroforético e de voláteis, fitoquímicos bioativos e atividade antioxidante de frutos de genótipos de macaibeira (acrocomia intumescens drude)". Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9424.
Texto completoMade available in DSpace on 2017-09-05T13:08:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3640831 bytes, checksum: de7f07d28fcf5e57bfc84663e853ef46 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26
The objective of this research was to evaluate the fruit quality of seven native genotypes macaw Atlantic Forest and environment, through physical, chemical, antioxidant capacity, fatty acid profile (GC-FID), Phenolic (HPLC-UV) and volatile (SPME-GC-MS) in order to obtain data on potential use and variability of this species. The pulp and almond can be considered as an important source of carbohydrates, lipids, minerals and K, Fe, Ca and P. Almonds are rich in globulin and do not have trypsin inhibitors and/or haemagglutinating activity. The pulp showed high levels of UFA (89.81%) being more abundant oleic acid (8.09 g.100g-1), linoleic (1.56 g.100g-1) and palmitic acid as well as excellent nutritional quality index. Almond also rich in oleic acid (7.61 g.100g-1) contains significant levels of AGS (14.35 g.100g-1), especially lauric, myristic and palmitic acid. The oils have good thermal stability up to 230 °C with DTA curves of exothermic character. The pulp has very high levels of carotenoids (8.64 mg.100g-1) and can be considered rich in vitamin C (47,60 mg.100g-1). The highest concentrations of total phenolics were observed in the peel (274.55 mg.100g-1) and almond (147.23 mg.100g-1). The strongest positive and significant correlation occurred between ABTS● + and PET. Phenolic acids and flavonols were the main components in the studied fractions. The phenolic catechin was only found in all samples. However, the phenolic myricetin was identified with the highest concentration. Genotype 6 stood out to contain the highest concentrations of carotenoids, yellow flavonoids and PET in the peel, ascorbic acid and yellow flavonoids in the pulp and antioxidant activity in the peel. Genotype 7 has the highest content of carotenoids and PET in the pulp. Through the HS-SPME-GC-MS system was first identified (62) Volatile compounds in the pulp. Terpenes, aldehydes and alcohols were the main. The alcohol content ranged from 1.5 to 44.99%; the dioxalanes were present in all genotypes; the hexanal was the main representative of the aldehydes. The pulp macaw has a strong and exotic aroma and high levels of β-Cis-Ocimene, β-Trans-Ocimene and Allo-aromadendrene. The PCA was efficient to indicate the most significant features in the differentiation between the genotypes that showed genetic variability. This fruit can therefore contribute substantially to the supply of nutrients, dietary enrichment of bioactive source and adding value to natural resources in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest for its fresh or processed consumption.
objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade de frutos de sete genótipos de macaibeira nativos da Mata Atlântica e entorno, por meio da caracterização física, química, capacidade antioxidante, perfil de ácidos graxos (GC-FID), fenólicos (HPLC-UV) e voláteis (SPME-GC-MS) com vistas a obter dados sobre potencial de utilização e variabilidade desta espécie. A polpa e amêndoa podem ser consideradas como importante fonte de carboidratos, lipídios, minerais e K, Fe, P e Ca. As amêndoas são ricas em globulinas e não possuem inibidores de tripsina e/ou atividade hemaglutinante. A polpa apresentou elevados teores de AGI (89,81%) sendo mais abundantes os ácidos oleico (8,09 g.100g-1), linoleico (1,56 g.100g-1) e palmítico além de excelentes índices de qualidade nutricional. A amêndoa, também rica em ácido oleico (7,61 g.100g-1) contem teores significativos de AGS (14,35 g.100g-1), sobretudo láurico, mirístico e palmítico. Os óleos possuem boa estabilidade térmica até 230 ºC com curvas de DTA de caráter exotérmico. A polpa possui teores muito elevados de carotenoides totais (8,64 mg.100g-1) e pode ser considerada rica em vitamina C (47,60 mg.100g-1). As maiores concentrações de fenólicos totais foram observados na casca (274,55 mg.100g-1) e na amêndoa (147,23 mg.100g-1). A correlação significativa e positiva mais forte ocorreu entre ABTS●+ e PET. Os ácidos fenólicos e flavonóis foram os compostos majoritários nas frações pesquisadas. A catequina foi o único fenólico encontrado em todas as amostras. No entanto, a miricetina foi o fenólico identificado com a maior concentração. O genótipo 6 destacou-se por conter as maiores concentrações de carotenoides totais, flavonoides amarelos e PET na casca, ácido ascórbico e flavonoides amarelos na polpa e maior atividade antioxidante na casca. O genótipo 7 tem o maior teor de carotenoides totais e PET na polpa. Através do sistema HS-SPME-GC-MS foram identificados pela primeira vez (62) compostos voláteis na polpa. Terpenos, aldeídos e álcoois foram os principais. O teor de álcoois oscilou de 1,5 a 44,99%; os dioxalanes estiveram presentes em todos os genótipos; o hexanal foi o principal representante dos aldeídos. A polpa de macaíba apresenta aroma forte e exótico e elevados teores de β-Cis-Ocimene, β-Trans-Ocimene e Allo-aromadendrene. A ACP se mostrou eficiente para indicar as características mais significativas na diferenciação entre os genótipos que apresentaram variabilidade genética. Este fruto, portanto, pode contribuir substancialmente para o fornecimento de nutrientes, enriquecimento da dieta, fonte de bioativos e agregação de valor aos recursos naturais da Mata Atlântica brasileira pelo seu consumo fresco ou processado.
Dabrowski, François. "Optimisation et compréhension de procédés d'ignifugation de polymères techniques". Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-185-186.pdf.
Texto completoDabrowski, François Delobel René. "Optimisation et compréhension de procédés d'ignifugation de polymères techniques". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2001-185-186.pdf.
Texto completoRoque, Sérgio. "Estudo experimental do comportamento de elementos em aço protegidos com tinta intumescente em condições de incêndio". Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/4352.
Texto completoinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876-PPCDTI/64913/PT
Delaval, Damien. "Développement et caractérisation de systèmes intumescents retardateurs de flamme pour polypropylènes recyclés issus des véhicules usagés". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10015.
Texto completoThe impact of recycling and pollutants (engine oil (EO) and ethylene glycol (EG)) on the intrinsic properties of polypropylene-based materials coming from end-of-life cars was investigated. Recycling (limited here to six extrusion cycles) is not detrimental to the mechanical properties of the polymeric matrices. The crystallization kinetics study realized on the polluted polymers showed that the presence of EG delays crystallization. The degradation kinetics allowed to simulate and quantify the different degradation steps of the materials. Pollutants and recycling also lead to an improvement of the reaction to fire of our copolymer, especially in the case of EO-containing samples. The second part of the work was devoted to the study of the flame retardant properties of our materials provided by ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with or without zinc borate (ZB) (synergistic agent)). In all cases recycled and polluted materials show satisfying performances. It was found that the efficiency of the protective barrier provided by the char is governed by the rapidity of its formation and its thermal conductivity which are positively influenced by EO (with APP/ZB) and recycling (with APP) (increase of the formation rate and decrease of the conductivity). Chemical characterization of the structures formed in a fire scenario reveals the formation of a phosphocarboneous structure containing polyaromatics, pyrophosphates and phosphoric acid and when zinc borate is used, borophosphates which can reinforce the intumescent structure
Delaval, Damien. "Développement et caractérisation de systèmes intumescents retardateurs de flamme pour polypropylènes recyclés issus des véhicules usagés". Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10015/document.
Texto completoThe impact of recycling and pollutants (engine oil (EO) and ethylene glycol (EG)) on the intrinsic properties of polypropylene-based materials coming from end-of-life cars was investigated. Recycling (limited here to six extrusion cycles) is not detrimental to the mechanical properties of the polymeric matrices. The crystallization kinetics study realized on the polluted polymers showed that the presence of EG delays crystallization. The degradation kinetics allowed to simulate and quantify the different degradation steps of the materials. Pollutants and recycling also lead to an improvement of the reaction to fire of our copolymer, especially in the case of EO-containing samples. The second part of the work was devoted to the study of the flame retardant properties of our materials provided by ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with or without zinc borate (ZB) (synergistic agent)). In all cases recycled and polluted materials show satisfying performances. It was found that the efficiency of the protective barrier provided by the char is governed by the rapidity of its formation and its thermal conductivity which are positively influenced by EO (with APP/ZB) and recycling (with APP) (increase of the formation rate and decrease of the conductivity). Chemical characterization of the structures formed in a fire scenario reveals the formation of a phosphocarboneous structure containing polyaromatics, pyrophosphates and phosphoric acid and when zinc borate is used, borophosphates which can reinforce the intumescent structure
Kruger, Hermanus Joachim. "Characterisation of expandable graphite and its flame retardant abilities in flame retardant systems for polyethylene". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/61304.
Texto completoThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Chemical Engineering
PhD
Unrestricted
Krishnamoorthy, Renga Rao. "The analysis of partial and damaged fire protection on structural steel at elevated temperature". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-analysis-of-partial-and-damaged-fire-protection-on-structural-steel-at-elevated-temperature(de0ddd3a-7256-439c-af53-68aeb521c5d9).html.
Texto completoSales, Carlos Alexandre Santos. "Análise da resistência ao fogo de blocos de alvenaria cerâmica de vedação utilizando proteção de tinta intumescente". Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2016. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1203.
Texto completoFires are present in the history of cities around the world, and some of them came to star in significant changes in urban design and the construction characteristics of their buildings. In Brazil, the knowledge Fire Safety in buildings only became a matter of importance after two great national tragedies: fires in Andraus buildings (in 1972, with sixteen dead) and Joelma (in 1974 with one hundred eighty-nine dead) both in São Paulo. Currently, after the tragedy at Kiss nightclub in Santa Maria - RS in 2013, which culminated in the death of 242 young people, many changes in state laws fire protection are being suggested in Congress and in State Legislative Assemblies, however, in mostly without scientific and regulatory support. Along with legislative changes, many products and equipment appear daily in order to protect human life and the historical and cultural heritage. In this sense, there are passive protections for intumescent coatings that, as evidenced by the results of this work, have the property to maintain comfort and thermal insulation appropriate, while maintaining resistance to compression and maximum load capacity of sealing ceramic blocks at acceptable levels by the Brazilian standard, after direct exposure to flame for a period of 60 minutes.
Almeras, Xavier. "Optimisation de la tenue au feu d'une formulation intumescente du polypropylène pour applications dans les transports terrestres". Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-159.pdf.
Texto completo