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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Interaction mer-atmosphère – Arctique"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Interaction mer-atmosphère – Arctique"
Loyer, Lilian. "Étude de processus-clés de la couche limite nuageuse en Arctique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS251.
Texto completoThe study of the Arctic atmosphere is of growing scientific interest, as its surface temperature increases two to three times faster than in the rest of the world. Clouds are a key element in the energy balance of the ocean-ice atmosphere system in the Arctic because of the modulation they exert on the radiation. However, the formation and persistence of these clouds are still poorly represented in atmospheric models, as well as the boundary layer where they reside. A better understanding of the feedbacks between clouds and ice surfaces is crucial to analyze and predict the evolution of the Arctic climate. As part of the IAOOS project, an integrated observing system aboard buoys drifting in the Arctic Ocean collected simultaneous real-time information on the state of the upper ocean, the lower atmosphere and the Arctic sea ice. Part of these observations coincided with the N-ICE field campaign north of Svalbard in 2015. The work carried out in this thesis aims at better quantifying the different terms of the surface energy balance under various environmental and surface conditions and to improve the representation in the regional model Polar-WRF of clouds in the Arctic boundary layer
Mariage, Vincent. "Développement et mise en oeuvre de LiDAR embarqués sur bouées dérivantes pour l'étude des propriétés des aérosols et des nuages en Arctique et des forçages radiatifs induits". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066580.
Texto completoTo improve our knowledge of the processes and interactions which occur in Arctic between atmosphere, sea ice and ocean, an EQUIPEX funding was granted to the IAOOS project. This improvement will be reached by deploying a network of multi-instrumented buoys. For the atmospheric analyses an innovative backscattering LiDAR meeting with constraints of the project and arctic environment has been developed. An analytical model of signal to noise ratio in clear sky led to the instrumental key parameters, and numerical simulations helped in improving the system performances. An evolutive prototype has been realized within the tight planning of this EQUIPEX. The first whole equiped buoy was deployed close to the north pole in April 2014 and worked until the beginning of December 2014. A second deployment of two buoys, including a polarized version, was then realized within the N-ICE campaign from January to June 2015. These first campaigns gave first statistics of aerosols and clouds distribution in the central arctic region with an autonomous LiDAR. First results show frequent aerosols layers in mid-troposphere during spring, as well as a high occurence of very low clouds. LiDAR measurements were also used to estimate downwelling longwave and shortwave at surface. Results obtained from these first deployments and comparisons with analysis and outputs from the WRF model show a first overview of what can be expected from this network of multi-instrumented buoys in the central arctic region
Mariage, Vincent. "Développement et mise en oeuvre de LiDAR embarqués sur bouées dérivantes pour l'étude des propriétés des aérosols et des nuages en Arctique et des forçages radiatifs induits". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066580/document.
Texto completoTo improve our knowledge of the processes and interactions which occur in Arctic between atmosphere, sea ice and ocean, an EQUIPEX funding was granted to the IAOOS project. This improvement will be reached by deploying a network of multi-instrumented buoys. For the atmospheric analyses an innovative backscattering LiDAR meeting with constraints of the project and arctic environment has been developed. An analytical model of signal to noise ratio in clear sky led to the instrumental key parameters, and numerical simulations helped in improving the system performances. An evolutive prototype has been realized within the tight planning of this EQUIPEX. The first whole equiped buoy was deployed close to the north pole in April 2014 and worked until the beginning of December 2014. A second deployment of two buoys, including a polarized version, was then realized within the N-ICE campaign from January to June 2015. These first campaigns gave first statistics of aerosols and clouds distribution in the central arctic region with an autonomous LiDAR. First results show frequent aerosols layers in mid-troposphere during spring, as well as a high occurence of very low clouds. LiDAR measurements were also used to estimate downwelling longwave and shortwave at surface. Results obtained from these first deployments and comparisons with analysis and outputs from the WRF model show a first overview of what can be expected from this network of multi-instrumented buoys in the central arctic region
Supply, Alexandre. "Étude des dessalures à la surface d'un océan stratifié à partir d'observations satellitaires et de mesures in-situ". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS390.
Texto completoMy thesis relates to the “Study of freshening over the surface of a stratified ocean from satellite observations and in-situ measurements”, in two major regions considering the water cycle and illustrating the high variability of the sea surface salinity (SSS): regions of high precipitations and the Arctic Ocean. My work first focused on the relationship between freshening and heavy precipitation. This study determined the relationship between the SSS anomaly and the instantaneous rainfall rate (RR). I then showed, via autocorrelation spectra composites, that rainfall history played a negligible role in most wind conditions, compared to instantaneous rainfall rate. These results demonstrated an unexpected behavior compared to in-situ observations and highlighted the determining aspect of the spatial scales considered. They motivated an in-depth study of the salinity heterogeneity effect within a pixel, on satellite measurement and from in-situ measurements. After studying the low salinity signals associated with tropical rains, I focused on the low salinity signals observed at the surface of the Arctic Ocean, much of which comes from river plumes. I was able to derive arctic salinity fields that performed better than reanalysis, in areas of high variability and in areas close to sea ice. These new SSS product open the field to new studies, both at seasonal and inter-annual scales
Jiang, Weimin. "Centennial AMOC variability : mechanism and impacts". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS193.pdf.
Texto completoThe Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) consists of a warm northward current on the surface and a cold southward branch in the deep. It brings tremendous heat into the mid-latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere and thus plays an important role in governing the climate of the North Atlantic region and beyond. This thesis investigates the driving mechanism and climate impacts of a centennial to multi-centennial variability of the AMOC. The AMOC intensity is modulated by the delayed freshwater exchanges through the Fram Strait between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic. The thesis also investigates the climate impacts of this low-frequency AMOC variability and associated energy transport changes. The impacts of a strong AMOC mainly include a wide warming in the Northern Hemisphere, a northward displacement of the intertropical convergence zone and more precipitations in the Northern mid-latitudes. The enhanced northward oceanic energy transport induced by intensified AMOC is compensated by the anomalous southward energy transport in the atmosphere, which leads to climate variations. This response in the atmosphere is damped by the Indo-Pacific Ocean