Tesis sobre el tema "Intégrité du signal et de la puissance"
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Goral, Benoit. "Technique et Méthodologie de Conception du Réseau de Distribution d'Alimentation d'une Carte Electronique Rapide à Haute Densité d'Interconnexion". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN037/document.
Texto completoToday's economical context leads electronics and high-tech corporations not only to innovate with a sustained rhythm but also to reduce the design cycle of new products. In order to remain competitive, these corporations must release regularly new products with new functionalities or enhancing performances of the last generation of this product. The enhancement from one generation of the product to the other can be quantified by the speed of execution of a task, the package size or form factor, the battery life and power consumption.The design methodology following these constraints is thus very tough. Indeed, integration of new functionalities as miniaturization of products imply a densification of the printed circuit board. The number of layer in the stack up is increased, isolation between nets is reduced, the use of integrated circuits embedding different functions as SOC or SIP implies a multiplication of the number of voltages. Moreover the increase of circuit performances implies a increasing data rate exchanged between component of the same printed circuit board and occasioning a widening of the reference clock and signal frequency spectrum. These design constraints are the root cause of the apparition of electromagnetic compatibility, signal integrity and power integrity issues. Failure risks must then be limited by fully understanding phenomenon occurring on the board by, on one side, realizing a precise dimensioning pre layout analysis aiming the elimination or reduction of the issues at the beginning of the design cycle, and on the other side, validating the layout by post layout simulation once the printed circuit board routed.This study proposed by Thales Communication and Security in collaboration with public research laboratory SATIE (System and Application of Energy and Information Technologies) of Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan within a industrial convention for development through research aims to develop a design methodology for power delivery network of digital printed circuit board with the goal of ensuring good behavior without or by reducing the number of prototypes.The first chapter of this manuscript include an introduction to the context of the study, a precise description of the studied system and the physical phenomenon ruling its behavior, and finally a state of the art of the power integrity technique analysis. A presentation of the test vehicle, designed during the work and support of all measurement results will constitute the focus of second chapter. This chapter presents and describes all the scenarios and implementations created for the observation and measurement of Power Integrity phenomenon and realise measurement-simulation results correlation. In a third part, modeling techniques of each element of the Power Delivery Network are described. The validity of the models is proven by correlating simulation results of each element with measurement results. The fourth chapter presents the analysis and design methodology developed from the results of the different modeling techniques presented in the previous chapter. Simulation tools and their configuration are precisely described and simulation results are compared with measurement results obtained on the test vehicle for the whole system. In the fifth chapter, the interest of power delivery network model will be extended to signal integrity analysis demonstrating how including this model allows to obtain simulation results closer from measurement results by running Signal Integrity Power aware simulation. Finally, the last part of this document synthetizes the work realized and presented in this document, takes a critical look on it and proposes future works and orientations to extend knowledges and understanding of Power Integrity Phenomenon
Batista, Emmanuel. "Nouvelles structures électroniques pour le transport électrique : impacts des nouvelles contraintes d'intégration sur les interférences électromagnétiques et moyens de prévision de la compatibilité électromagnétique". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/747/.
Texto completoHigh integration of power system allows a significant reduction of power architecture weight and volume. As a consequence, high current densities and high voltage potentials produce considerable electric and magnetic near-field in confined volume. This new electromagnetic (EM) context induce a new EMCompatibility (EMC) problematic. The work presented here include an experimental switching noise and an EM near-field radiation of power component studies. The multi-physic approach is discussed, especially the electro/thermic/EM links. These complex physic phenomenons are hardly reachable and need a suitable modelling to be correctly tackled. The power signals are wide-range frequency, from a few hertz to a few MHz and are part of both low and high frequencies. Furthermore, power modules are build on complex dielectric/conductive interfaces currently non-symmetric. Conventional numeric methods don't solve these two points. In this memoir, we will give details on the modelling strategy choice and on industrial applications. Some examples will be analysed such as signal integrity problematic and near-field couplings
Camus, Manuel. "Architecture de réception RF très faible coût et très faible puissance : application aux réseaux de capteurs et au standard ZigBee". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00309926.
Texto completoSahel, Faten. "Contribution à la modélisation du couplage entre les alimentations et les signaux sensibles dans les cartes électroniques à haute densité d'interconnexions". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS053.
Texto completoThe high-density interconnection boards that Atos develop for HPC (High Performance Computing) applications contain processors functioning at very high currents and low voltages, along with high-speed serial links. With HDI (High Density Interconnection) technology, fast switching power supplies create coupling noise on nearby sensitive signals, that can lead to errors in the transmitted data, and in the worst case, may result in a malfunctioning circuit. Therefore, virtual prototyping is required to verify the signals’ behaviour in transmission lines, detect the parasitic effects on sensitive signals due to crosstalk, and thus allowing necessary adjustments to be made to reduce the noise. Today’s EDA tools lack a dedicated application able to model the impact of power supplies on their neighbouring signals. In this thesis, we suggest a simulation method using existing EDA tools, that would allow the modelling of the coupling between power supplies and nearby conductors in HDI boards. The simulation method is first applied to a case study board, then to a more complex one. This virtual prototyping method simplifies the coupling mode detection and allows us to test solutions to reduce the coupling noise, prior to their implementation
Bousbia, Hind. "Analyse et développement de la caractérisation en puissance, rendement et linéarité de transistors de puissance en mode impulsionnel". Limoges, 2006. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/f409eab6-d21e-443d-9d6b-b14970380c32/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0063.pdf.
Texto completoIt is admitted today that wide band-gap materials will make it possible to push back the borders reached to date in the field of RF power generation. The analysis of the properties of wide band-gap materials, and especially the GaN material, highlights that it is a serious candidate for telecommunication and radar applications. RF field effect transistors on GaN are prone to show dispersive behaviors due to heating and trapping effects. A non linear electrothermal model of these high frequency FETs transistors on GaN used in this work makes possible the analysis of dispersive behaviors due to heating and trapping effects. A comparison of performances in terms of output power, power added efficiency and linearity has been made between simulation and measurement results for two type of excitation: one tone pulsed signal and two tones pulsed signal. The use of a one tone pulsed excitation permitted the validation of an HBT electrothermal model and the expertise of different technological process of these transistors. The use of a two tone pulsed excitation has permitted to observe the trade-offs between power added efficiency and linearity versus trapping effects. The measurements carried out on an original configuration of the load pull set up for intermodulation measurements under pulsed conditions had shown the actual limitations of the transistor model
Yattoun, Ismail. "Etude et mise en œuvre d’un banc de caractérisation fort-signal de transistors en ondes millimétriques : Application à la conception d'amplificateurs de puissance hybrides en bande Ka". Brest, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BRES2016.
Texto completoThe optimized and efficient design of solid state power tanplifiers (SSPA) require the experimental large-signal characterization of transistors usina a load-pull test-bench. :The purpose is to determine the optimum device'sperfomances which depend on the operating conditions (frequency, bias voltages , input power) and loading-conditions. The optimum load impedances associated with maximum added power or with maximum added power efficiency for a given input power level can be obtained and, as a result, the information derived tiom these measurements maximizes circuit performances with reduced development time. With this approach, the non-lincar model of transistors at high frequencies can also be validated, thus improvise, the reliability of microwave design tools. The characterization of transistors under large signal is performed in the millimetre-wave range using the active loop technique with a new configuration implemented in the test bench. The design of power amplifiers for telecommunication applications at 28/30 GHz or 41 GHz can be therefore carried out
Adrien, Cutivet. "Caractérisation et modélisation de dispositifs GaN pour la conception de circuits de puissance hyperfréquence". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7929.
Texto completoAbstract: Amongst the emerging and developing technologies of the 21st century, wireless transmission is a fundamental aspect for mobile networks, aeronautics, spatial applications and global positioning systems. Concerning the associated technological solutions, the new challenges to overcome are both the performance increases in terms of data quantity as well as the associated device features in terms of size, production costs, energetic consumption and reliability. In that sense, the use of higher frequency bandwidths and increase of transmission channels are aimed by various current research works. Investigated technologies are based upon integrated systems to meet the criteria of devices costs and size. As the cornerstone of such devices, the transistor largely accounts for the final system performance in terms of working frequency, reliability and consumption. To respond to the challenges of today and tomorrow challenges, alternatives to the dominant current silicon process are clearly considered. To date, gallium nitride based technology is found to be the most promising for hyperfrequency power amplification for Ka and W bands given the associated physical and electrical characteristics, prototypes performance and first commercial “off-the-shelf” products. Exploitation of this technology to its full potential requires controlling and mastering the involved fabrication, characterization and modeling steps related to the transistor. This work aims at establishing a methodology enabling a semi-physical modeling of experimental transistors which exhibit state-of-the-art performance. A significant part of this work will also focus on thermal characterization of devices under test and on modeling of secondary elements (passive elements) suited for the design of hyperfrequency amplifiers.
Trottier, Simon. "Développement d’un outil d’évaluation de la pertinence écologique et statistique d’indicateurs de suivi de l’intégrité écologique dans les parcs nationaux du Québec". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5383.
Texto completoMbaye, Amadou. "Linéarisation des amplificateurs de puissance large-bande pour des applications de communications tactiques et de diffusion audio ou vidéo numérique". Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1021/document.
Texto completoPower amplifier is one of the most critical element within radiocommunications systems. The PA is their main source of nonlinearities and it has a great contribution on the emitter's power consumption. Running the PA with highest power efficiency is thus as crucial as having it linear for a good communication quality. However these two specifications of the PA are antagonistic and PA manifacturers need to find a compromise between linearity and power efficiency. Digital Predistortion (DPD) and Crest factor Reduction techniques are intended to improve power efficiency while preserving linearity or inversely. Linearization of wideband RF power amplifiers using Digital Predistortion is the focus of this thesis. Three DPD issues are investigated in these works. The first issue deals with multiband linearization where signals with various waveforms located at different frequency bands are amplified. The second objective of this thesis is to study a concurrent DPD/CFR systems based on an automatic estimation of the necessary CFR gain. The last part of this dissertation deals with PA linearization under antenna load variations. Indeed, the impedance of antenna may vary because of electromagnetic objects that are present in its vicinity. Those impedance variations may instigate signal reflections toward the PA, that modify some of its main specifications (linearity, delivered power and efficiency). Our goal in this field is to preserve DPD linearization performances under antenna load mismatch
Amédéo, Alexandre. "Etude des phénomènes de Réflexions, de Diaphonie et de Stabilité des alimentations sur les cartes à haute densité d'interconnexions". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00505781.
Texto completoLajoinie, Jérôme. "Contribution à la conception optimale en terme de linéarité et consommation des amplificateurs de puissance en fonctionnement multiporteuses". Limoges, 2000. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/db9f1c38-f96b-4798-9ae8-94e63c48d9fb/blobholder:0/2000LIMO0007.pdf.
Texto completoThe signals used in modern telecommunication systems are very complex in the sense that multicarrier signals, digitally modulated and spread spectrum signals are required. The main characteristic of these signals is their time variant envelope. To characterize the linearity of power amplifiers used in these systems, one of the criterions, which is essential today is the NPR (Noise Power Ratio). After the description of the means of power amplifier characterizations under CW and multicarrier operations as well as CAD tools, an in depth study of the multicarrier linearity factor used (the NPR) is undertaken. A design method for power amplifier in terms of linearity and consumption was developed. This method is based on the optimisation of a new specific figure of merit (C/(N+I)=f(Pdc/N) which directly integrates the total signal to noise ratio of the system in a joint optimization of consumption and NPR. A systematic study of the optimal loading impedance and the operation classes of amplifiers is performed. One shows the interest of taking into account load and source impedances at the 2nd harmonic. The new design methodology is applied to the realization of two amplifiers optimized in linearity and consumption. An experimental checking validates the successive steps of the design. A complete characterization on a NPR measurement set-up of the two produced amplifiers is presented
Amairi, Amor. "Caractérisation en petit signal, en puissance et en impédances des transistors à effet de champ millimétriques : étude et réalisation d'un banc de "load-pull à charge active" 26,5-40 GHz". Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10090.
Texto completoLienhardt, Anne-Marie Gateau Guillaume Meynard Thierry. "Étude de la commande et de l'observation d'une nouvelle structure de conversion d'énergie de type SMC (Convertiseur Multicellulaire Superposé)". Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2007. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000335.
Texto completoDesrumaux, Laurent. "Contribution à la conception de sources de rayonnement Ultra Large Bande appliquées à l'imagerie Radar et aux rayonnements forte puissance". Limoges, 2011. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/30fa4b9e-60bc-4c6f-9b0e-810914356a83/blobholder:0/2011LIMO4034.pdf.
Texto completoThis document presents the design and the realization of a miniature Ultra Wide Band antenna, dedicated to the radiation of very short pulses in the frequency band [800MHz - 8GHz]. From experimental performances, the association of this antenna with an optoelectronic device, assuring the best synchronization possible between different sources, has lead to the evaluation of the performances of a global system including as many generators as antennas (evaluation of the necessary antenna number in the array to radiate a power density of 1W/cm² at a distance of 1km as function of the peak level of the feeding pulses). Previously dedicated to electronic warfare applications, this antenna has also been used for imaging Radar applications. It has been the starting point in the development of a novel autonomous and ultrafast Radar system, consisting in radiating pulses in different directions successively along time, azimuth per azimuth. This development has been made possible thanks to the use of a particular optoelectronic device, based on the creation of asynchronous optical pulses trains with different repetition rates. Finally, in order to obtain an electromagnetic image of the analyzed scene with this principle, two imaging algorithms have been developed, each of them being associated with a particular reception configuration. These algorithms have been compared with the time reversal method and the back projection algorithm, in association with a SAR imaging system
Cauffet, Gilles. "Optimisation d'une chaîne de mesures électriques pour l'électronique de puissance : analyse des problèmes de mesure, caractérisation, correction et validation". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00134137.
Texto completoBien qu'en théorie la grandeur cherchée soit simplement le produit du courant par la tension, aucun oscilloscope ne permet d'atteindre la précision requise. Au long de cette étude, de nombreuses causes d'erreurs sont identifiées. Pour la plupart d'entre elles, des améliorations faisant appel soit à des procédures d'étalonnage - correction, soit à des techniques de traitement du signal, sont présentées et testées.
Les erreurs introduites par les convertisseurs analogique-numérique de l'oscilloscope (quantification, non linéarités), ainsi que par les sondes de tension et de courant sont étudiées avec un soin particulier.
Enfin, l'ensemble de cette étude permet de dégager des méthodes de mesures et des critères pour le choix d'un oscilloscope numérique pour ce type d'application. Ce travail s'est concrétisé par le développement et la mise au point d'une chaîne de mesure pour l'électronique de puissance.
Loudot, Serge. "Filtrage actif des réseaux moyenne tension : association d'un convertisseur multicellulaire et d'un circuit passif". Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT089H.
Texto completoHami, Fahim. "Caractérisation et modélisation comportementale des composants passifs sur une large bande de fréquence en intégrant l'aspect thermique. Application au filtrage CEM". Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUES004.
Texto completoPassive components, such as resistors, chokes and capacitors, are widely used in power electronic applications, especially in EMI passive filters. The parasitic elements of these components and the impact of operating conditions (temperature, voltage and current) on their frequency behavior are very significant and should not be neglected; these unwanted effects have a major impact on the global passive circuit performances. This thesis deals with characterization by measurement and modeling of passive components used in power electronics devices, with the aim of estimating and controlling the electromagnetic compatibility of such devices. The thesis was conducted in collaboration with the VeDeCoM and IRSEEM Institutes, including several industry partners of the automotive and avionic sectors. This thesis describes an experimental / modeling approach towards the production of sophisticated models of passive devices, with the inclusion of operational conditions (like temperature effects). The new models are simulated for several values of temperature and load conditions, the obtained results are compared to the experimental measurements in the frequency domain. The developed models are then translated to VHDL-AMS language for an easy implementation in most electrical simulation softwares. Finally, these behavioral models of passive components are subsequently used to model a structure of an EMI filter by integrating the variations of its operating temperature. This model is validated experimentally by comparing, under different constraints, the real behavior of the filter with the simulation results of its developed model
Boguszewski, Guillaume. "Contribution à la modélisation de l'Intégrité des alimentations dans les system-in-Package". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00991198.
Texto completoLienhardt, Anne-Marie. "Étude de la commande et de l'observation d'une nouvelle structure de conversion d'énergie de type SMC (Convertiseur Multicellulaire Superposé)". Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000335/.
Texto completoDedicated to medium voltage high power applications, the Stacked Multicell Converter was developed and validated within the LEEI at the beginning of years 2000. The first part of this manuscript consists in a comparative study of the losses, performances and costs of IGBT-based 2 and 3-level topologies. The main objective is to legitimate the use of the SMC structure for low voltage/high power applications. The second part is dedicated to the observation of the SMC flying capacitor voltages. An active control of those voltages has to be introduced to ensure a good balancing of the voltage constraint over the power switches. Three estimation methods are presented: a voltage reconstruction, a digital real time simulation of the converter combined with a voltage measure and a sliding mode observer. The aim is to reduce the number of sensors and thus the SMC industrial cost. They were validated by simulation for a 7-level SMC. The sliding mode observer is confirmed experimentally
Louët, Yves. "Prise en compte du facteur de crête dans le dimensionnement des systèmes de télécommunications". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00471891.
Texto completoBouazzati, Karim El. "Contribution à la modélisation électrique des interconnexions "cuivre" dans les circuits intégrés ULSI : application aux technologies 0.25, 0.13 microns et 70 nanomètres". Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-87.pdf.
Texto completoBattiston, Alexandre. "Modélisation, commande, stabilité et mise en oeuvre des onduleurs à source impédante : application aux systèmes embarqués". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0357/document.
Texto completoOver the past ten years, hydraulic and thermal technologies tend to make room for electrical system. Fields related to transportation (automotive, avionics, railway or naval) are directly impacted. The interest and dynamism in power electronics Research are justified by the impact of such a field in the development of embedded systems. This thesis focuses on the study of impedance-source inverters as possible topologies to replace conventional ones. Several studies are conducted according to different criteria and do not aim at only comparing the topologies. It proposes solutions and improvements in the control system as well as in its basis architecture. These studies are all applied to an electric traction system composed of an synchronous machine fed by an impedance-source inverter. It is showed that large interests come out of the obtained results. For instance, the cancellation of the high-frequency current ripples allows mastering the quality of the battery current. Moreover, some constraints as regards machine ageing can be reduced by mastering the slew rates dv/dt. Some drawbacks are nevertheless pointed out. There is no need in using such a topology to improve efficiency that is above the same as conventional structures. Moreover, controls of DC-side AC-side of the system are dependent due to the fact that inverter’s control is used to step up the DC-bus voltage
Messé, Arnaud. "Caractérisation de la relation structure-fonction dans le cerveau humain à partir de données d'IRM fonctionnelle et de diffusion : méthodes et applications cognitive et clinique". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845014.
Texto completoBensaid, Rédha. "Observateurs des tensions aux bornes des capacités flottantes pour les convertisseurs multicellulaires séries". Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT013H.
Texto completoMagne, Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude de la stabilité et à la stabilisation des réseaux DC à récupération d'énergie". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0119/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to the analysis of the instability phenomenon that may appear on the DC bus of DC microgrids. Indeed, interaction between the different electrical subsystems of the grid (source, load, filters) can lead, under certain conditions, to the system instability. From the "Constant Power Load" (CPL) hypothesis for the loads, this thesis presents studying methods for "small-signal" and "large-signal" stability analysis of electrical systems. This highlights that a DC microgrid cannot power the loads more than a maximum limit without becoming unstable. This power limitation depends on the structure of the grid, the value of its passive components, and its bus voltage. In order to improve the microgrid stability, stabilization methods are presented in this thesis. They propose to adapt the loads control to ensure the system stability. This is achieved by the addition of a stabilizing signal to the reference of each load. This signal is only visible during the load power transient mode to not change the requested operating point. However, a good trade-off must be found to ensure system stability without affecting the dynamic performance of its loads. Two approaches are investigated to generate the stabilizing commands. The first one is based on the establishment of a centralized stabilization block. Two centralized methods have been developed: the first one is based on the Takagi-Sugeno theory while the second is based on the Lyapunov theory. This latest permits to guide the stabilizing effort on the desired loads. For example, stabilizing effort can be oriented on the energy storage device. The second approach is based on the establishment of a multi-agent stabilizing system. It consists of a decentralized structure in which each agent corresponds to a stabilization block. These will locally compensate the destabilizing impact of their respective load on the microgrid, and their combined actions ensure the system stability. To design the system, the use of a constrained optimization algorithm is proposed. This permits to minimize stabilization efforts while considering faulty events such as the failure of one of the agents or a reconfiguration of the microgrid
Chaillan, Fabien. "Sécurisation des smart cards par masquage de signal informationnel sur canal secondaire". Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00145061.
Texto completoHussain, Sajjad. "PEAK TO AVERAGE POWER RATIO ANALYSIS AND REDUCTION OF COGNITIVE RADIO SIGNALS". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00426930.
Texto completoLaurent, Johann. "Estimation de la consommation dans la conception système des applications embarquées temps réel". Lorient, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00077293.
Texto completoTouzani, Youssef. "Commande aléatoire du convertisseur Buck-Boost triphasé à prélèvement sinusoïdal du courant". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00693968.
Texto completoAlam, Muhammad Mahtab. "Techniques adaptatives pour la gestion de l'énergie dans les réseaux capteurs sans fil". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931860.
Texto completoRoyet, Anne-Sophie. "Contribution à l'optimisation d'une technologie de composants hyperfréquences réalisés en carbure de silicium (SIC)". Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0158.
Texto completoOuachani, Ilham. "Analyse de performances de systèmes de communication sans-fils exploitant micro- et macro-diversité". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011058.
Texto completoArea Networks). Durant les dernières décennies, les applications destinées aux réseaux locaux sans-fils sont devenues
de plus en plus nombreuses, d'où la nécessité d'avoir des débits de transmission plus importants. Cependant,
les ingénieurs de conception des systèmes de communication radio sont généralement confrontés à de nombreux
challenges ; Parmi ceux-ci nous citons la limitation de la bande fréquentielle du canal, les variations complexes de
l'environnement de propagation (évanouissements et trajets multiples), etc. Les techniques de diversité et plus particulièrement
les techniques de diversité spatiale s'avèrent très efficaces pour réduire l'impact de ces problèmes sur
les performances des systèmes sans-fils. Cette thèse s'interesse à l'analyse de performance de systèmes de commnications
sans-fils exploitant micro- et macrodiversité. Dans une première partie, les systèmes de communication
MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) utilisant la modulation OFDM sont considérés. L'impact de considérer
le vrai profile des retards du canal sur la capacité ergodique et la capacité complémentaire est étudié. Puis deux
schémas de codage spatio-emporels de rendement 1/2 sont proposés pour le système MIMO munis deux antennes
émetrices qui, profitant des propriétés de la modulation OFDM, présentent une diversité qui converge vers celle
d'un système MIMO ayant 4 antennes émettrices et utilisant un schéma de codage de rendement 1/2.
Dans une deuxième partie, les systèmes à antennes multiples dans un contexte de macro-diversité sont étudiés.
L'analyse de performance des systèmes MIMO dans un contexte de micro-diversité est effectué en termes de capacité
ergodique. Cette étude est faite en prenant en considération un modèle réaliste du bloc radio-fréquence
(RFFE). Les résultats trouvés montrent que ce nouveau modèle de canal permet de décrire la saturation de la
capacité, phénomène observé dans des implémentations réelles. Ensuite, un algorithme d'allocation optimale de
puissance est proposée pour un système de transmission à deux relais numériques mis en parallèle. L'optimation
est faite sous la contrainte d'un certain budget de puissance afin de minimiser le taux d'erreur au niveau de la destination.
Il est à noter que l'allocation de puissance est d'autant plus utile que les liens relayés sont dissymétriques,
et que la transmission relayée peut être plus performante que la transmission direct dans certains contextes.
Zaid, Bilel. "Méthode d’optimisation du volume des bobines de mode commun pour la conception des filtres CEM". Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I065/document.
Texto completoThis work presents an optimization method of the common mode inductor volume that is generally the biggest element of the filter. The manuscript starts by presenting the state of art of conducted electromagnetic interferences in power electronics and techniques that allow their reduction. Then, an analytical calculation method of the minimal inductance value that allows respecting the normative constraint is presented. This calculation method takes into account the complex permeability of the magnetic material and the impedances of the different propagation path of common mode disturbances in the conversion system. After that, an optimization method of the single layer inductor volume with considering the magnetic core saturation issues is proposed. The application of the proposed method in different situations has shown the existence of the best inductance value that can be higher than its minimal value while reducing the optimal inductor volume. In addition, some rules that can be used in the design process in relation to the switching frequency of the converter and its duty cycle are defined. In the last part of this study, the effect of the equivalent parasitic capacitance of the common mode inductor is discussed and introduced in the proposed optimization process. A determination method of magnetic core relative permittivities and of the equivalent parasitic capacitance is proposed. This method, in addition to the proposed analytical calculation of the maximal allowed parasitic capacitance, makes it possible to adapt common mode inductor geometry in order to respect the normative constraint in the high frequencies while optimizing its volume
Cheng, Xinying. "Study and mitigation techniques of RF impairments for beyond 5G multi-carrier waveforms". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS181.pdf.
Texto completoFundamental research towards beyond 5G cellular networks is ongoing and the vision of 2020 and beyond includes a significant amount use cases considering a massive number of devices with a wide range of characteristics and demands. On the one hand, the good spectral efficiency gives more capacity for the transmission while on the other hand, building compact and low-cost flexible and high-quality radio equipment is a very challenging task. The context of this thesis is the study of massive MIMO techniques with the presence of radio frequency (RF) imperfections, in particular, the non-linear (NL) power amplifiers (PA). The large number of PAs equipped in the base station (BS) creates various constraints which lead to strong degradation of the transmission quality both in the band and out of band. On the other hand, 5G standardization introduced the concept of different numerologies together with the massive MIMO technique. The influence of the different numerologies used by the different users will also be studied in this thesis
Guilloux, Frédéric. "Analyse harmonique et Estimation spectrale sur la Sphère.Applications à l'étude du Fond diffus cosmologique". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347673.
Texto completoLa localisation des needlets (récente construction d'ondelettes) sur la sphère est étudiée et optimisée en terme de concentration spatiale et d'estimation statistique. Ces fonctions sont ensuite utilisées pour construire un nouvel estimateur du spectre de puissance angulaire. L'examen des propriété de cet estimateur, d'un point de vue théorique (dans l'asymptotique des hautes fréquences angulaires) et pratique, montre qu'il améliore les méthodes existantes dans un modèle réaliste comportant des données manquantes et un bruit hétéroscédastique. A côté de l'estimation spectrale, l'utilisation des needlets est également introduite dans un problème de séparation de sources.
Après quatre chapitres introductifs (dédiés respectivement aux aspects physiques, analytiques et statistiques de l'étude du CMB, puis à une présentation d'ensemble des résultats), quatre articles de revue (en collaboration) sont présentés : "Practical wavelet design on the sphere" ; "CMB power spectrum estimation using wavelets" ; "Spectral estimation on the sphere with needlets: high frequency asymptotics" et "A full sky, low foreground, high resolution CMB map from WMAP".
Diaby, Fatimata. "Réseaux transmetteurs reconfigurables pour le dépointage et la formation de faisceau en bande millimétrique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT125/document.
Texto completoNowadays, transmitarray antennas are of great interest for many civil and military applications in frequency bands between 10 and 110 GHz (5G mobile networks, point-to-point communication systems, radars, etc.).This thesis aims to make major innovations in modeling and design of transmitarray antennas for Ka-band applications (28-40 GHz). It focuses on the development of numerical tools, and the design and demonstration of several prototypes with advanced functionalities, such as passive (broadband or multibeam) and active (at electronic reconfiguration) transmitarrays.The first part of the work consists of a theoretical analysis of the transmitarray antenna. In a first step, the impact of the phase compensation method on the performance of the transmitarray is studied. The phase compensation law of the quasi-spherical wave incident on the array aperture is calculated using two methods called constant phase compensation and true-time delay (TTD) compensation. The numerical results show that TTD compensation allows an increase of the transmitarrays bandwidth and a reduction of the beam squint as compared to constant phase-shift compensation. In a second step, the operating principle of facetted transmitarrays is described in detail. The numerical simulation of a 3-facet transmitarray is validated through 3-D electromagnetic simulations. For a certain facet angle, the bandwidth and the beam scanning capability of the TA are improved at the expense of the gain.The next step of the work concerns the design and prototyping of two passive transmitarray antennas, one with a collimated and a large bandwidth, and the other with four fixed beams. The two transmitarrays are based on a 3-bit unit-cell providing two functions, namely the phase compensation and the polarization conversion from linear to circular. The passive beam-collimated transmitarray exhibits a measured gain of 33.8 dBi (corresponding to an aperture efficiency of 51.2%) and a 3-dB gain-bandwidth larger than 15.9%. The quad-beam transmitarray phase distribution has been optimized by a genetic algorithm code coupled with an analytical tool. The array is designed to radiate four beams at ±25° in the horizontal and vertical planes at the optimization frequency.The last part of the work aims to the design of a 27-31 GHz reconfigurable transmitarray antenna. Initially, an active unit-cell with four phase states (2 bits) in linear polarization was designed and validated experimentally. It consists of six metal layers printed on three substrates. The radiating elements are rectangular patch antennas, each of them including two PIN diodes to control the transmission phase. The operating principle of the unit-cell has been experimentally validated with a minimum insertion loss of 1.6-2.1 dB and a 3-dB transmission bandwidth of 10-12.1% for the four phase states. 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°.Then, this unit-cell was used for the design of a reconfigurable transmitarray antenna comprising 14 × 14 unit cells and 784 PIN diodes. A prototype was realized and characterized, it presents a measured maximum gain of 19.8 dBi, corresponding to an aperture efficiency of 23.5%, and a 3-dB bandwidth of 4.7 GHz (26.2% at 30.9 GHz). Despite some faulty elements, this prototype validates the operating principle and the feasibility of Ka-band transmitarray antennas with a 2-bit phase quantization. It is one of the first demonstration of such an antenna in the current state of the art