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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Industries de défense – France – 1900-1945"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Industries de défense – France – 1900-1945"
Cailluet, Ludovic. "Radiant rivalries: competition, coopetition and non-market strategies in the emergence of skincare and beauty services in France, 1900s–1970s". Entreprises et histoire 111, n.º 2 (6 de septiembre de 2023): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/eh.111.0032.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Industries de défense – France – 1900-1945"
Dauchelle, Sandrine. "Le réarmement français après la Seconde Guerre Mondiale : le rôle des Etats-Unis dans la reconstruction d'une industrie française d'armement (1945-1958)". Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040076.
Texto completoThe purpose of this study is to understand in what way the financial, technical and military support of the United States enabled the emergence of the French arms industry into a sovereign player. Due to the destruction of the major part of its military capacity, France depended on the United States for its supply in weaponry. At the same time as the United States was the main provider of arms to the French army, it was also nurturing the renewal of the French arms industry through a policy of important “offshore procurement". Between 1945 and 1958, France received a considerable amount of financial aid from the United States, it was also the recipient of an even bigger quantity of end items. The military aid was impressive. In consequence, it is questionable that the French arms industry, ailing after the haemorrhaging of WWII, would have been able to rebuild itself without foreign help. Therefore, several questions spring forth: why did the United-States decide to help France at the time? What were the bilateral agreements which helped France reconstitute its arms industry? What form did this aid evolve into? How important is it? Did it alter the course of France? There is also the technical aspect of the problem as well as the possible impact of the missions of productivity
Huwart, Olivier. "Une filière méconnue de transfert de technologie : l'apport allemand à l'industrie française d'armement après 1945". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0038.
Texto completoTrémoureux, Carl. "La Première Guerre mondiale, l'artillerie et l'industrialisation de la guerre". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL059.
Texto completoBefore the outbreak of the militarily clash, the Artillery was equipped in accordance with a doctrine ill-suited to recent conflicts and technical possibilities. When the imagined short war turns into a long war offering the possibility of adapting armaments and requiring massive consumption of projectiles, the governance of the production function enters into crisis. A change in mental patterns is needed. The establishment of an Under-Secretary of State for Artillery and Ammunition is a first step in this transformation. Albert Thomas adapts the governance of the production function of artillery equipment by setting up a program of needs, manufacturing and production factors, an industrial policy, as well as steering and control instruments. This new governance constitutes the heart of the governmental activity of steering the war economy, but the latter is not limited to this: it also includes the administration of all the nation's resources, whether labour, raw materials, energy, transportation or innovation capabilities. In the context of wartime parliamentarianism, it can be said that the realization of the idea of an industrial war gradually leads the country to establish a new political and economic regime. In parallel with this evolution, companies are adapting their operating methods to produce in large series; Armies are industrializing their destruction, protection, logistics and force restoration functions
Alonzo, Anne. "La guerre est déclarée ! : La mobilisation industrielle à Toulouse pendant la Première Guerre mondiale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL062.
Texto completoBetween 1914 and 1918, the implementation of industrial mobilization decreed by the Union sacrée's government profoundly transformed Toulouse. While the city remained less economically modernized in the 19th century, significant public investments devoted to the production of military equipment accelerated the development of its industry. Population faced difficulties, however, due to labor requisitions, shortages and rising prices. Unlike Germany, social movements which resulted from the deterioration in the standard of living in 1917 did not, however, call into question the consensus around the war effort, neither in Toulouse nor in France. The thesis studies the reasons for the success of setting up industrial mobilization as well as its execution. It shows that France had an institutional advantage and that it was able to rely on its democratic civic capital to preserve the political pact of his patriotic union. The negative growth rate of economic activity in Toulouse between 1914 and 1918 reflects the fact that the war effort was largely supported by businesses and workers. The State capacity and his action were reinforced by the adhesion of the populations to the program of the Union sacrée
Ruhlmann, Jean. "L'identité et la défense des classes moyennes françaises du Front populaire à la guerre". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0009.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the defense movements of the French middle classes, which appeared at the popular front time. It focuses on their attitude and positions in the learned and political debate on the definition and support to the middle classes, debate which exists at the same time. From October 1936, we notice that the first defense movements and newspapers of middle classes appear to be uniformly hostile to the Blum government which is precisely being implicating the social laws adopted in summer 1936, thus, in 1937, these movements became more numerous but in 1938 they faded or gathered into groups of associations and into a professional circle. The purpose is to create an efficient lobby which should be concilant with Daladier in order to obtain punctual advantages. In the defense movements, we can notice different trends which can be doctrinal (non-conformists and planists) or political (neo-socialists and right-wing radicals). They belong to structures in which coexist professional defenders and "publicists" influent in the media and in the intellectual debate. The different tendencies seem to be unable to agree on a coherent platform of political, economical and social reforms. On the contrary, the social representations which they converge to a normative approach of their class, to a criterium of independence. This reveals also in the mentalities the importance of world war i and of a multiform social fright
Dramé, Papa El Hadji. "La France , le Sénégal et la défense de l'Afrique Occidentale Française de 1918 à 1940". Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040078.
Texto completoThe foundation of the Gouvernement Général de l'Afrique Occidentale Française in 1895 marked the beginning of the military, administrative, and political reorganization of the territories conquered by France in West Africa during the 19 th century. The colonial power became sovereign in these once African spaces. In the context of the interwar period, overshadowed by looming conflicts with other European powers, France designed a defensive plan in two facets for the African empire she sought to develop economically as well. First, the plan called for the " maintenance of order " in the interior by suppressing the insurrections, rebellions and dissent of a native population subject to a new administrative, social and economic order (taxes, forced labor, military conscription, etc. )Second, the plan sought to defend the empire, using methods. It first called for the recruitment of native troops (tirailleurs sénégalais) to protect the metropole, and then it organized resistance against potential aggression by Germany, Italy, Spain or even the joint anglo-gaullist coalition along the maritime and land borders of French West Africa. As a result, the naval base at Dakar, long neglected during the interwar period, witnessed a period of growth at the end of the 1930s that rendered it a strategic objective of the Second World War, as can be seen by the intensity of the Battle of Dakar (23-25 September 1940)
Desquesnes, Rémy. "Atlantikwall et Sudwall, la défense allemande sur le littoral français (1941-1944)". Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN1031.
Texto completoIn order to guard himself against a possible landing of the allied forces while the wehrmacht was busy fighting on the russian battle front, hitler made a decision in december 1941 (a week after the usa had gone into the war) to have a line of defence works built on the coast line of western europe. Various "weisungen" (directives) were tp schedule fortification building operations as well as the different types of defensive works to be built on the shore. The todt organisation, an agency of the nazi party, which would achieve such schemes of the reich government as road network, the siegfried line, etc. . . Was in charge. The building of the atlantic wall started in mid 1942. To achieve this large scale scheme (consisting of 15,000 concrete works along a 2,500 mls shore line, from friesland to the spanish border) the o. T. Hired the services of major public building firms both in the reich and in occupied western countries, and gave the o. T. The run of a large number either of workers under requisition or p. O. W. S. While some people worked for the germans, others were striving, at the peril of their lives, to provide the allied forces with intelligence (charts of coastal defence works, location or airfields and radar stations, v1 and v2 launching sites, movements of troops. . . ) this information did prove useful in complementing that collected from aerial photographs, the most important source of information the allied forces had then. In spite of the bulk of defensive works actually achieved and the 4,000 pieces of more or less heavy artillery scattered along the coast of europe, nowhere did the atlantic wall really prevent landing. Nevertheless, this coastal defence system as a whole played a considerable part strategically. Particularly, in so far as it obliged the allied forces to make important preparations, the coastal defence works retarded the moment when the anglo-american forces could possibly land on the continent. The atlantic wall thus did play a not in the least negligible part in the course of events in w. W. Ii
Sorlot, Marc. "André Maginot (1877-1932) : une biographie politique". Nancy 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN21018.
Texto completoAt his research outlines the ways of thinking of a man that belonged to the third generation of republicans, as well as the way he acted politically in the Meuse department where he was continually re-elected after defeating nationalist H. Ferrette in a 1910 dead heat. It mentions his quick parliamentary learning period and, after he was severely wounded in November 1914, the part he played as a member of the Ribot cabinet, backing general Nivelle and choosing abstention in the ratification of the Versailles treaty it shows what part André Maginot played in the occupation of the Ruhr, his struggle against the coalition of 1924 and his early call for a suggested national union. Beyond prevailing ideas, the research shows how, in December 1929, André Maginot got the parliament to vote a several-year financial scheme for the fortifications building programmed designed by Paul Painleve, how he chose general Weygand as chief of staff and started reinforcing the country's military equipment while contributing to the definition of France’s position at the so-called conference of disarmament. A large part of this study is devoted to André Maginot’s parliamentary and ministerial action after the first world war (he was in charge of war pensions, of colonies, of war), and refers to the methods of political decision-making (interventions in cabinet meetings, parliamentary tactics, relations with high ranking civil servants and the general staff). Furthermore, this study allows defining more clearly the minister's relations with R. Poincare, G. Clemenceau, A. Millerand and A. Briand. It ends with an analysis of the marks left by André Maginot on the nation's subconscious : from the pink legend to the black legend
Laparra, Jean-Claude. "Matériels de circonstances et fabrications de guerre dans l'armée allemande, 1914-1918". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010554.
Texto completoThe author intends to prove that the situation of the military materials shows what was insufficient in the german army during the first world war and how economically exhausted germany was. Actually, throughout this fight , german soldiers were not equipped only with materials which were modern, german, well designed, suitably made as in peace time, sufficently delivered, etc. Many others, which the german army was provided with, had a conceiving, a realization and a distribution which were issued owing to the producing conditions of this period and circumstances. This situation - combined with failures, for instance in the preparation of the mobilization - shows the imperfection of the german 'war machine'; only by itself, it does not explain the defeat of the german army but it certainly makes up one of the reasons
Saffroy, Frédéric. "Défendre la Méditerranée (1912-1931) ou Le Bouclier de Neptune : la renaissance de la fortification côtière à l'expérience de la Grande Guerre : le cas méditerranéen". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0040.
Texto completoIn 1912, after over a century of disputes and while, following the Entente cordiale, the Royale concentrates its fleet in the Mediterranean, the French Admiralty and the Ministry of War did not manage to coordinate themselves to ensure coastal defences. The Great War, with the need of heavy artillery - taken over by the Army from coastal fortifications - and the danger of submarine war, lead the Parliament to force the two Ministries to agree with each other: in 1917, the French Navy is put in charge of France and French North-Africa coastal defences. After the Washington treaty (1922), and confronted to a threatening Italy in Libya and in French Tunisia, and with the security of Western Mediterranean as a priority, the French Navy designed a new program of coastal artillery. This program, based on conclusions drawn from the Gallipoli campaign, was one of the four parts of the 1923 Statut naval, presented to the Parliament by the ministre de la Marine Flaminius Raiberti. Supported by active Members of Parliament like Georges Boussenot, Louis Chappedelaine, Emile Goude or Gustave de Kerguézec, the Navy program gained support from the Parliament who provided the requested budgets, and encouraged the rational reorganisation of Navy bases defences. On the eve of the 30’s, the Mediterranean coastal defences program was secured and its implementation well commenced. Confronted to a rival if not hostile Italy, priority is given to the defences of Toulon and Bizerte naval bases, equipped with the most powerful artillery. The irony of fate was that it is against those coastal batteries that the Allied forces, including the French, had to fight during the 1942 and 1944 landings