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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Indicateur de pollution fécale"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Indicateur de pollution fécale"
Leduc, Roland y Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen. "L’abattement des bactéries coliformes dans les étangs aérés facultatifs — 1. Cinétique, modélisation et variables biotiques". Water Quality Research Journal 25, n.º 2 (1 de mayo de 1990): 201–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1990.012.
Texto completoMaalej, S., A. Mahjoubi, A. Kammoun y A. Bakhrouf-Fadhila. "Les Aeromonas mobiles : quelle évolution spatiale et temporelle dans un effluent urbain et en milieu marin côtier ?" Revue des sciences de l'eau 15, n.º 1 (12 de abril de 2005): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705452ar.
Texto completoPayment, P. "Effets sur la santé de la recroissance bactérienne dans les eaux de consommation / Health significance of bacterial regrowth in drinking water [Tribune libre, texte anglais et français]". Revue des sciences de l'eau 8, n.º 3 (12 de abril de 2005): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705225ar.
Texto completoKpiagou, P., S. Tchegueni, G. Boguido, D. Sama, K. Gnandi, T. Tchacondo y A. I. Glitho. "Evaluation de la pollution des ressources en eau du bassin versant de Didagou (Dapaong, Nord-Togo)". International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, n.º 1 (8 de junio de 2022): 481–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i1.39.
Texto completoKhamlichi, L., M. Saghi y M. Benlemlih. "Etude des facteurs influençant la survie des indicateurs de la pollution d'origine fécale et des germes pathogènes dans les eaux usées". Journal européen d’hydrologie 30, n.º 1 (1999): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/water/19993001091.
Texto completoWolfgang, Yapo Toussaint, Gbagbo Tchape Aubin, Kpaibe Sawa Andre Philippe, Kouassi-Agbessi Therese Brah y Amin N’cho Christophe. "Qualité Physico-Chimique Et Bactériologique D’un Système Lotique En Milieu Rural : Cas De La Rivière Gbecheho De Moutcho (Agboville, Cote D’Ivoire)". International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 40, n.º 1 (26 de agosto de 2023): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v40.1.5550.
Texto completoAzise Ayimele, Helen Epouse, Melisa Bijingisi y Samuel Ayonghe. "An assessment of the potability of groundwater from boreholes based on microbial quality and physical properties: case of Buea and Tiko Subdivisions, South West Region of Cameroon". Journal of the Cameroon Academy of Sciences 16, n.º 2 (27 de enero de 2021): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v16i2.6.
Texto completoPoromna, Hèzouwè, Asibi Rosalie Gado, Messanh Kangni-Dossou, Kissao Gnandi y Yaovi Ameyapoh. "Evaluation de la Vulnérabilité des Nappes Phréatiques à la Pollution engendrée par la Mauvaise Gestion des boues de Vidange dans la Ville d’Aného au Togo". European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, n.º 21 (30 de junio de 2022): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n21p211.
Texto completoDiallo, Souleymane, Boubacar Sidy Sily Bah, Ouo-Ouo Balamou, Thierno Amadou Tinka Bah y Amadou Sékou Diallo. "Profil bactériologique des eaux de baignade de la préfecture de Dubreka (République de Guinée)". International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, n.º 6 (12 de marzo de 2023): 2905–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i6.34.
Texto completoLarbaigt, G. "Une meilleure connaissance des risques sanitaires liés à la baignade Incidence sur la réglementation et la prévention". Revue des sciences de l'eau 2, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2005): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705032ar.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Indicateur de pollution fécale"
Hartard, Cédric. "Les bactériophages ARN F-spécifiques comme indicateurs du danger viral lié à la pollution fécale des matrices hydriques et alimentaires". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0152/document.
Texto completoEnteric viruses are a leading cause of fecal-oral route transmitted diseases and currently, conventional fecal indicator bacteria (i.e. Escherichia coli, enterococcus) fail to assess this kind of hazard. In this context, the use of more efficient indicators to assess the hazard linked to viruses in water or foodstuff is required. F-specific RNA bacteriophages (FRNAPH) present numerous benefits for this purpose. Of enteric origin, these viruses are found in high concentrations in wastewater. Sharing many structural similarities with pathogenic enteric viruses, FRNAPH are easily cultivable and their potential to track the origin of the pollution is also often investigated. However, some limits are still associated with these indicators, regarding to their ability to track the origin of the pollution or concerning the lack of correlation with pathogens. In this context, the aim of this work was to make clear the potential of FRNAPH as fecal and as viral indicators in environmental waters and shellfish. As a first step, their ability to track human pollution was optimized. In addition, our results underlined the gains bringing by FRNAPH detection, especially when focusing on shellfish microbiological quality management. Indeed, unlike fecal indicator bacteria, the accumulation of FRNAPH and their persistence in shellfish have been found to be close to that of enteric viruses (i.e. norovirus). Furthermore, when using comparable methods for their detection, high correlation was observed between human FRNAPH and norovirus in shellfish. Taking into account these observations, a sensitive method allowing the detection of infectious FRNAPH of human origin was developed to improve viral hazard management in water and food commodities (e.g. environmental waters, shellfish, soft fruits, leaf)
Skraber, Sylvain. "Intérêt des bactériophages en tant que témoin de contamination fécale et de présence de virus entériques pathogènes dans les eaux de la rivière Moselle". Nancy 1, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2003_0259_SKRABER.pdf.
Texto completoBergeron, Peggy. "Qualité microbiologique des eaux de baignade : des situations subies de pollution littorale à la gestion active des plages : le cas d'Anglet et Biarritz". Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13557.
Texto completoAndrianjakarivony, Felana Harilanto. "Caractérisation du virome d’un écosystème tropical fortement anthropisé : la lagune Ebrié en Côte d’Ivoire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0579.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we chose to study the viral community in a tropical lagoon exposed to domestic, agricultural and industrial discharge : the Ébrié Lagoon bordering the city of Abidjan in the Ivory Coast. The objectives of this study were (1) to characterize the benthic and planktonic viromes in seven sites in the lagoon with contrasting levels of eutrophication, distinguishing between DNA and RNA viromes, and (2) to examine the reproductive strategies of viruses. To this end, we used shotgun metagenomic sequencing combined with bioinformatics analysis. The key findings showed that the composition of DNA viromes was specific to each compartment (plankton/benthos). Conversely, the composition of RNA viromes was more influenced by the level of eutrophication than by the compartment. Viromes of the most eutrophicated sites contained sequences associated with human pathogens of faecal origin and with indicators of human faecal pollution. The study of interactions between the viruses and their bacterial hosts showed that the most eutrophic sites in this tropical lagoon were more conducive to lytic viral reproductive strategies, while lysogeny was more common in the most oligotrophic sites. Lastly, the results of an approach based on the theoretical prediction of bacterial hosts via the Prokaryotic virus Host Predictor indicated the reliability of this tool in generating taxonomic profiles of bacterial hosts comparable to those obtained by the classical approach based on metabarcoding targeting the 16S rRNA gene. This study provided not only a unique dataset, but new fundamental knowledge on the composition of the virome of aquatic sites subjected to high levels of pollution
Nguyen, Huong Thi Mai. "Faecal indicator bacteria and organic carbon in the Red River, Viet Nam : measurements and modelling". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066179/document.
Texto completoIn many developing countries, poor water quality poses a major threat to human health and the lack of access to clean drinking water and adequate sanitation continues is a major brake on development. The Red River is the second largest river in Vietnam and constitutes the main water source for the population of North Vietnam. This thesis presents the results from observations and modeling of both faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and organic carbon (OC) in the Red River system, North Vietnam. The objective of this work was to measure FIB numbers and OC concentrations in this system and then to model these parameters in order to investigate scenarios for 2050 when population in the area is estimated to have doubled. The dataset was then modeled using the Seneque/Riverstrahler model in order to investigate the dynamics and seasonal distribution of FIB and OC in the Red River and its upstream tributaries. A scenario, based on the predicted changes in future demographics and land use in the Red River system for the 2050 horizon, showed only a limited increase of FIB numbers compared with the present situation. This was particularly the case in Hanoi even though the population is expected to triple by 2050. The OC inputs and the resulting heterotrophic respiration of this OC resulted in a system that was a strong CO2 source. The model results also reflected the importance of land use, discharge and the dominance of non-point sources over point sources for FIB and OC in the Red River. This thesis provides some new information on FIB in the Red River as well as providing a base for discussion with decision makers on the future management of wastewater in the Red River
Dumax, Nathalie. "Les mesures de compensation : un indicateur du coût environnemental". Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA0002.
Texto completoDue to the extent of damage caused to the environment and ecosystems, international and European legislation gradually emphasize the integration of environmental damage in decision-making processes. As a consequence, land planners may, for instance, soon have to take more rigorously into account environmental damage resulting from their infrastructure development plans. Environmental economists thus have to assess more accurately the environmental costs of such plans. Yet, when dealing with land planning in complex natural areas, existing valuation methods are reaching their limits. In this thesis, we propose to use the compensatory mitigation process to assess environmental costs by adapting the Habitat Evaluation Procedure (HEP), an equivalence-based valuation method used in the United States
Ogorzaly, Leslie. "Intérêt du génotypage des phages ARN F-spécifiques pour estimer la pollution fécale et virale des eaux". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10025/document.
Texto completoF-specific RNA phages, which are non pathogenic viruses with similar size and structure to human enteric viruses, have been proposed like faecal pollution indicators, like models for pathogenic viruses in environment and like tools for microbial source tracking. The key trait on which the F-specific RNA phage approach of source tracking is based is that genogroups I and IV are predominantly isolated from non human faeces, while genogroups II and III are predominantly isolated from human faeces and sewage. Paradoxically, few data are available as for the genogroups distribution in environmental waters. So, the topic of this study was to provide additional information about the relationships between the genogroups of F-specific RNA phages and the level of faecal and viral pollution to environmental waters. First, the methodological work undertaken at the beginning of this project made it possible to develop the first real-time RT-PCR assays able to typing the F-specific RNA phages. The major advantages of this approach are a good sensitivity, a quick detection and a great specificity. Compared with the current tools, this method allows to avoid the phage cultivation and thus to play down the biases associated with the survival characteristics of infectious F-specific RNA phages in the environmental waters. Indeed, survival studies, realized in urban wastewater and also in ground water, have shown that the inactivation rates of infectious particles are always more important that this of viral RNA, whatever the experimental design was. Secondly, the analysis of urban wastewater samples enabled to check that F-specific RNA phages could give interesting information as for the characterization of faecal pollution in spite of the change of reference frame of measurement inherent in our detection method (genome versus infectious particle). In these kinds of samples, the majority of phages isolated belonged to the genogroups II and III, and they exhibited steady concentrations. In several particular samples, the high concentration of genogroup I phages has been associated with rainfall events and with the presence of zoonotic pathogens (Cryptosporidium and Giardia). This observation suggests the presence of an animal pollution after streaming phenomena. All the results obtained with urban wastewaters strengthen the use of F-specific RNA phages like reliable source identification tool. On the other hand, the comparison between the pathogenic virus concentrations and the results of genotyping has shown that phage genogroups are not relevant indicators for the presence of enteric viruses. For instance, norovirus and enterovirus concentrations in wastewater displayed a seasonal distribution while human genogroups exhibited steady concentrations over the time. Thirdly, two particular case studies devoted to natural waters constitute the major aspect of our work. In river water principally influenced by human wastes, genotyping results show that genogroup II is very largely isolated. For the first time, positive correlations between the concentrations of genogroup II phages, bacterial indicators (E. coli, enterococci) and human adenoviruses was observed, which attests the human faecal origin of this genogroup. Genogroup I was also often isolated but it appeared irregularly distributed. The correlation analysis has shown that genogroup I was linked neither with the concentration of genogroup II nor with that of bacterial or viral faecal indicators. The absence of a link between the concentrations of these two genogroups supports the assumption of another faecal origin. Conversely, a relationship was shown between genogroup I and the water turbidity observed at the sampling. This suggests that the origin of this genogroup could be related to streaming phenomena following precipitations. Thus, in river water the genogroup I and II would be the two most interesting genogroups in order to characterize faecal pollution. As a consequence, genogroup II/genogroup I ratio may be an interesting tool for faecal source tracking. Indeed, depending on the sign of the ratio, it seems possible to determine the main source of pollution at a given point. For example, for an E. coli concentration of 3.6log10 MPN/100mL, log-ratio values could as well be 3.8 as -1.7. With the water turbidity, this log-ratio was the only parameter enabled to highlight a change of faecal pollution nature. In ground waters protected from faecal pollution, genome of F-specific RNA phages was not observed while genome of adenoviruses was isolated in 7 samples on the 60 analyzed. This observation suggests that more persistent markers than RNA of phages could be detected in ground waters. More over, in persistence study, no degradation of adenoviral DNA was observed during all the time (200 days) of the experiment. Finally, the typing method newly developed during this study led to a better knowledge of the distribution of different the genogroups within environmental waters. F-specific RNA phage typing provides original information compared to the bacterial indicators, but does not constitute alone the universal indicator of faecal or viral pollution of waters
Lafabrie, Céline. "Utilisation de Posidonia oceanica (L. ) Delile comme bio-indicateur de la contamination métallique". Corte, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CORT3098.
Texto completoThe coastal zone of the continental shelf contains a high ecological richness. However, this zone is very fragile towards xenobiotics ; the pollution of this environment can be damaging to the structure of the biocenoses and to the productivity of the ecosystems. Metals, contrarily to numerous contaminants, are normal constituents of the environment at a trace level, but are all toxic above a certain threshold. At the end of the 1970s, several researchers proposed the use of organims to evaluate the quality of the marine environment ; it is in this context that the bio-indicator concep arises. The seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L. ) Delile, endemic of the Mediterranean Sea, has been the subject of several work proposing to use this species to determine the metal concentrations of the environment. However, most studies carried out explorative research in order to qualify this species as bio-indicator. The results of this work validate the use of Posidonia oceanica as a reliable tool for the evaluation of metal contamination of coastal ecosystems. Inded, this work allowed : ( i ) to better understand the trace metals accumulation processes by Posidonia oceanica (influence of age and growth of foliar tissues in the metal accumulation ); (ii) to confirm the high sensitivy of this species as a tracer of metal contamination (identification of metal inputs associated to the previous asbestos mine of Canari and evaluation of the extent of the impact of this previous exploitation) ; (iii) to confirm its reliability as bio-indicator of metal contamination (same trends observed for this species and the bio-indicator Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamark,1819). Therefore, Posidonia oceanica appears as an interesting tool in the frame of setting up biomonitoring networks at the scale of the Mediterranean Sea. A technique, which consists in collecting only the blades of the adult leaves is proposed insofar as it will allow to carry out trace metals analyses without inducing the mortality of the plant (protected species in numerous Mediterranean countries) and conserving its integrity. Preliminary scales to interpret the level of metal contamination in the environment have equally been proposed for cadmium, mercury, nickel and lead (priority subtances ; Decision N° 2455/2001/EC ; EC, 2001). Finally, this work shows equally the possible use of Posidonia oceanica as a "tracer" of the past mercurial contamination thanks to the lepidochronology technique
Cossa, Daniel. "Le cadmium et le mercure en milieu cotier : biogéochimie et utilisation du genre mytilus comme indicateur quantitatif". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066317.
Texto completoOuattara, Koffi Nouho. "Etude et modélisation de la contamination fécale des rivières du bassin de l'Escaut". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209685.
Texto completoL’évaluation de la qualité microbiologique des principales rivières du bassin est basée sur le dénombrement de deux indicateurs de contamination fécale (Escherichia coli et entérocoques intestinaux). Les abondances des deux indicateurs dans les principales rivières du bassin indiquent très clairement que les eaux et les sédiments de ces rivières sont fortement contaminés par des micro-organismes entériques. Les sources prédominantes de la pollution fécale de ces rivières sont les rejets des effluents des stations d’épuration. Les niveaux de contamination les plus élevés sont observés dans la Senne en aval de Bruxelles et s’expliquent par le faible débit de la Senne comparé aux débits des effluents des deux stations d’épuration de Bruxelles. Les niveaux de contamination atteignent leur maxima à l’aval de Bruxelles par temps de pluie en raison des surverses de réseaux unitaires.
Les connaissances acquises sur les apports des bactéries indicatrices par les sources ponctuelles et les sources diffuses et sur le devenir des bactéries indicatrices ont permis de développer un module décrivant la dynamique des E. coli dans les rivières. Ce module est original par le fait de considérer trois compartiments de bactéries fécales (libres, attachées aux particules dans la colonne d’eau et présentes dans les sédiments) qui sont affectés différemment par les processus de transport et de disparition. Ce module a été couplé à deux modèles décrivant l’hydrodynamique respectivement de l’ensemble des rivières du bassin (SENEQUE-EC) et de la partie fluviale de l’Escaut sous l’influence de la marée et son estuaire (SLIM-EC2). Ces deux modèles permettent de décrire la distribution temporelle et spatiale des E. coli dans les eaux de surfaces et de prévoir les modifications de la qualité microbiologique des eaux suite à des changements de gestion des eaux usées.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished