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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Imagerie confocale cellules vivantes"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Imagerie confocale cellules vivantes"
VILLA, ANNA MARIA. "Microscopie confocale par fluorescence de cellules vivantes". Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066361.
Texto completoBlaising, Julie Élisabeth Françoise. "Étude des mécanismes moléculaires des inhibiteurs de l'entrée du virus de l'hépatite C (HCV) Silibinine et Arbidol : microenvironnement hépatique et infection par le HCV". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10235.
Texto completoHepatitis C virus (HCV) is a global health concern infecting 170 million people worldwide. New antivirals recently received the approval for the treatment against HCV infection but they display many side effects. Research for new therapeutic targets therefore remains an important topic. My main work was to develop approaches in biochemistry and live cell imaging to study the molecular mechanisms of action of antivirals silibinin (SbN) and arbidol (ARB) on HCV infection. We show that SbN and ARB alter clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Viral particles are trapped in clathrin-positive structures and cannot be delivered to the early endosomal compartment, thereby preventing infection. SbN and ARB also prevent cell infection by viruses that enter through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which could explain their broad spectrum activity. I also contribute to a project initiated for a few months in the lab. We hypothsized that a molecule present in the immediate surrouding of the hepatocyte microenvironment could play a role in HCV infection. We focused on the syndecan-1 (SDC1) because it is essentially anchored on the surface of hepatocytes. We show that SDC1 depletion leads to a drastic decrease of the viral infectivity. SDC1 colocalizes on the unfected hepatocyte surface with the already identified HCV recptor CD81. This colocalization vanished within days in infected cells. These data suggest that SDC1 could act as a cellular co-factor for HCV entry, in combination with CD81; thus infection could reorganized molecules of the hepatocyte microenvironment and contribute to HCV hepatotropism and the peristence of infection
Bayard, Anaïs. "Study of the Physiological Response of NucS to Genotoxic Stress in Actinobacteria". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAX063.
Texto completoDNA replication accuracy ensures proper genetic transmission. Damage from external factors or internal events threatens genomic integrity. Actinobacteria, lacking canonical MMR proteins, possess NucS (EndoMS), an ATP-independent enzyme involved in a non-canonical mismatch repair pathway. While NucS's activity on mismatches is documented, its in vivo role and implications in DNA Damage Repair systems require further understanding.This study aims to characterise NucS's role in Double-Strand Break Repair (DSBR). Our findings show that mScarlet1-NucSD144A forms polar foci in response to DNA damage, especially DSBs and complex recruitment in apoptosis-like cells.Corynebacterium glutamicum, CglΔnucS bacteria exhibits higher homologous recombination (HR) activation and increased DSBs compared to CglWT, indicating NucS's role in DSBR efficiency and regulation. CglΔnucS bacteria have a growth advantage under genotoxic stress, likely due to altered DSBR mechanisms. Bioinformatic analyses predict NucS interactions with key enzymes of RH and other DNA repair pathways and metabolism and energy regulation.NucS may bind and stabilise free DNA ends generated by DSBs, balancing HR and participating in DSB repair through microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ). Future studies should explore post-translational modifications and metabolic conditions regulating NucS reponse and its in vitro activity on DSBs and HR intermediates
Salehi, Hamideh. "L'étude des cellules vivantes et la dentine humaine par microscopie confocale Raman". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON12201/document.
Texto completo"The Study of living cells and human dentin by confocal Raman microscopy"Confocal Raman microscopy is employed to trace drugs and nanoparticles intracellular and in hard tissues. Raman spectroscopy a non-invasive, label-free and high spatial resolution imaging technique in first part of the study is being used to trace the anticancer drug paclitaxel in living Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells. An analytical method was developed and applied to Raman data acquired. The Raman images were treated by K-mean cluster analysis to detect the drug in cells. Distribution of paclitaxel in cells is verified by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the reference spectrum of the drug and the whole Raman image spectra. A time dependent gradual diffusion of paclitaxel all over the cell is observed suggesting a complementary picture of the pharmaceutical action of this drug based on rapid binding of free tubulin to crystallized paclitaxel. The apoptosis in the cells were followed by post-measurement analysis including K-mean clustering and Pearson correlation coefficient. K-mean clustering was used to determine mitochondria position in cells and cytochrome c distribution inside the cells was based on correlation analysis. Cell apoptosis is defined as cytochrome c diffusion in cytoplasm. Cytochrome c acts as a trigger for the activation of the caspase cascade, and its release from mitochondria is a sign of apoptosis. Co-localization of cytochrome c is done after cell incubation with different concentration of paclitaxel. The other product used was titanium dioxide. Titanium has been widely used for orthopedic and dental implant materials. When biomaterial is implanted into the human body, it is unavoidable that blood will contact the implant surface and nanoparticles. The question is: do these nanoparticles cause toxicity? Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were followed intracellular in MCF-7 cells and TERT epithelial human oral keratinocyte cell line (OKF6/TERT-2). Detection of nanoparticles and their toxicity were studied using two analytical methods. Confocal Raman microscopy were also used to obtain Structural analysis and chemical profile of Enamel – Dentine- Resin and Raman map of decay and sound dentin samples, through accurate analysis of the mineral and organic components. The Raman spectroscopy combined with this novel method developed in this study, will provide accurate finger prints of chemical composition and by post-measurement analysis of the data acquired more information would be obtained, which might open new gates in pharmaceutical and dentistry researches
Proag, Amsha. "Sensibilité de cellules vivantes aux propriétés mécaniques et géométriques de leur environnement". Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077056.
Texto completoAnimal tissues constitute highly organized biological Systems, where the cellular and rmulticellular levels are in constant interrelation. Not only do cells regulate their behaviour via biochemical signalling: they also transmit mechanical stimuli, through the cytoskeleton and adhesion complexes, which leads to the formation of a tridimensional collective organization where cells and tissues constrain each other. To investigate the mechanical and geometrical aspects of intercellular interactions, we cultivated epithelial tissues on artificial micro-environments. We manufactured polyacrylamide and polydimethylsiloxane microstructured substrates with precise stiffness and geometry, which we grew MDCK epithelia on. We also modulated the adhesive properties of these substrates in order to confine a single cell and simulate the topological constraints of the tissue on an individual cell. After staining the internal components which govern cell architecture, we were able to obtain 3D images using confocal microscopy and to quantify the morphology of the cells. The measured volume distributions of cells and nuclei differed according to their localization within the tissue, as well as to the geometry and stiffness of the environment. Modifying these experimental parameters made it possible to observe the effect of external constraints on cell morphology. Finally, we found that the tissue profile depended on the topography of the substrate, and we suggested a mode! which correlates both organizational levels
D'Augustin, de Bourguisson Ostiane. "Caractérisation de la dynamique de l'ADN-glycosylase OGG1 et de résidus responsables de son interaction avec l'ADN en cellules vivantes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN1B060.
Texto completoDNA is constantly subjected to various stress, threatening its integrity, and consequently, the proper functioning of the cell. In order to preserve the genomic integrity, the cell can activate a large set of repair pathways. One of the most common genomic alteration is the base modification 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), an oxidized form of guanine. It is highly mutagenic, due to its tendency to pair with adenine instead of cytosine during replication. Thus, it needs to be detected and repaired on time to avoid G:C to T:A transversions. 8-oxoG paired with cytosine is recognized and excised by the 8-oxoguanine DNA-glycosylase (OGG1), which initiates the base excision repair pathway. Although OGG1 has been widely studied in vitro and many structural data are available, many questions remain concerning the dynamics of the protein within the cell nucleus. Hence, the goal of my PhD project was to characterize the dynamics of OGG1 searching for 8-oxoG and get new insights about the residues or functions of OGG1 that regulate these dynamics. I was able to show that the interaction between OGG1 and DNA is crucial for the efficient search of 8-oxoG, and that mutating the residues involved in such interaction impairs OGG1 dynamics and its ability to detect and excise 8-oxoG. Similarly, 8-oxoG detection, but also that of the facing cytosine, both play an important role in the function of the DNA-glycosylase and in its ability to accumulate at the sites of damage. Finally, the NNN motif, which is highly conserved but very poorly characterized, seems to be essential to the specific association with 8-oxoG, but not for the nuclear exploration by OGG1
Grégoire, Antoine. "Design et étude d'un dispositif holographique monolithique, compact et portatif pour l'imagerie de cellules vivantes". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37883.
Texto completoompact off-axis holographic lensless microscope capable of non-invasively imaging weakly scattering biological samples for on the field applications is designed. The technique allows to reconstruct both the phase and intensity of a sample-diffracted wavefront. The dimensioning of the proposed device depends on both the illumination shining the sample and the physical constraint associated with acquisition device. Hence, FDTD simulations are used in order to ascertain the smallest usable scattered field. Using proper propagation methods, the diffracted field is used to generate a numerical hologram emulating the sensor’s sampling rate. Such hologram is then numerically reconstructed in order to retrieve the object and compare it with the former. For instance, a 5 mm diameter bead diffraction field is obtained via FDTD simulation. As it is magnified by a factor Gy = 20, its reconstruction retrieves a magnified bead of 107.22 mm in diameter. The proposed pipeline thus paves the way for the study of modelled biological sample usable scattered field for holographic applications. Moreover, the proposed compact lensless device using an optical fiber coupler attains an off-axis visibility of V = 0:8435 as this last is limited by coherent noise. The study of the microscope attainable magnification and resolution shows that it is limited by the sampling rate of the used acquistion device, and that is, albeit zero-padding interpolation could provide smaller than a pixel size detail resolution for DFFT propagation. Lastly, the designed device is capable of quantitative phase imaging. The reconstructed thickness of a glass phase target (n = 1:52) is of d = 149±23 nm which is in good agreement with the expected value of 150 nm.
Perret, Stéphanie. "Imagerie confocale du signal calcique dans un modèle de cellules non-excitables de la prostate humaine". Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR28659.
Texto completoTramier, Marc. "Imagerie des déclins de fluorescence pour l'étude de la dynamique et des interactions de macromolécules en cellules vivantes". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003477.
Texto completoTramier, Marc. "Imagerie des declins de fluorescence pour l'etude de la dynamique et des interactions de macromolecules en cellules vivantes". Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066377.
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