Literatura académica sobre el tema "IC 5063"

IC 5063 (PKS 2048–572) is a nearby (z = 0.0110) early-type galaxy hosting a Seyfert 2 nucleus. In broad-band optical images, it shows a complex dust lane, while the ionized gas extends up to ~ 20 kpc and has an unusual X-shaped structure (Danziger et al. 1981, Colina et al. 1990). A faint, very broad emissionline component has been detected (Bergeron et al. 1983, Colina et al. 1991) together with an off-nuclear broad emission-line region (Wagner & Appenzeller 1989). Broad Hα emission was also detected in polarized light (Inglis et al. 1993). Thus, it is likely that this galaxy has a broad-line region which is obscured from our direct view (while the broad-line radiation is scattered into our line of sight by scatterers outside the obscuring regions). The radio luminosity of IC 5063 is nearly two orders of magnitude larger than typical values for nearby Seyferts (Ulvestad & Wilson 1984), making it one of the strongest radio sources found in Seyfert galaxies (1.3 Jy at 1.4 GHz, i.e., 2 × 1023W Hz−1 for H0 = 50 km s−1 Mpc−1). Its H I content is also very high: Danziger et al. (1981) found 1.0 × 1010M⊙, which gives MHI/LB = 0.4, quite anomalous for this type of object.

As part of a high resolution (0.55Å) spectroscopic survey of southern Seyfert galaxies, we observed a number of objects in the Hα region. The main goal of this survey is to study the profiles of the narrow lines in Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 galaxies. As a by-product, one can search for and analyse weak broad components in Ha that sometimes show up when Seyfert 2 galaxies are observed with high resolution and high signal to noise. Such objects are usually classified as Seyfert 1.8 or 1.9. The search and detailed study of these objects is of great importance for characterizing the weak end of the luminosity function of active galactic nuclei (AGN). The observations were made with a two channel intensified Reticon at the Coude spectrograph of the 1.6m telescope at the Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofisica (CNPq/LNA).

Summary High-resolution (FWHM= 28 km s-1) observations of Ha, [N II] λ6548/6583 and [S II] λ6717/6731 emission lines in several southern active galactic nuclei (AGN) are presented. Deblending of the Hα + [N II] profiles was performed using, when available, the [0 III] λ5007 profile shape as a template. Line profile measurements, as well as line intensities, are tabulated. We found to be relatively common among the observed objects the existence of structure in the line cores, pointing to the complexity of the dynamics in the low-velocity emission region. Differences in profile shape and width amongst different lines are also common, indicating that often there is a superposition, on the spectrograph slit, of emission regions with different dynamics and excitation conditions. This superposition is quantified in the case of IC 5063. We found weak, broad Ha emission in IC 5063 and IC 5135. In NGC 2992, we were unable to confirm the presence of a broad Ha component with the same intensity as found by previous authors, which we ascribe to spectral resolution effects.

Radio Frequency Low Noise and High Q Integrated Filters in Digital CMOS Processes Zhijie Xiong 149 pages Directed by Dr. Phillip E. Allen Presented in this work is a novel design technique for CMOS integration of RF high Q integrated filters using positive feedback and current mode approach. Two circuits are designed in this work: a 100MHz low-noise and high Q bandpass filter suited for an FM radio front-end, and a 2.4GHz low-noise and high-Q bandpass filter suited for a Bluetooth front-end. Current-mode approach and positive feedback design techniques are successfully used in the design of both circuits. Both circuits are fabricated through a 0.18um CMOS process provided by National Semiconductor Corp. The 100MHz circuit achieves 3.15uV RF sensitivity with 26dB SNR, and the total current consumption is 12mA. The center frequency of the filter is tunable from 80MHz to 110MHz, and the Q value is tunable from 0.5 to 28.9. 1 dB compression point is measured as -34.0dBm, combined with noise measurement results, a dynamic range of 54.1 dB results. Silicon area of the core circuit is 0.4 square millimeters. The center frequency of the 2.4GHz circuit is tunable from 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz, and the Q value is tunable from 20 to 120. The 1 dB compression dynamic range of the circuit is 50dB. Integrated spiral inductors are developed for this design. Patterned ground shields are laid out to reduce inductor loss through substrate, especially eddy current loss when the circuit is fabricated on epi wafers. Accumulation mode MOS varactors are designed to tune the frequency response. Silicon area of the core circuit is 1 square millimeter.

The observed properties of galaxies and supermassive black holes (BH) at their centers suggest that there must be a non-gravitational feedback mechanism regulating their evolution. These are the discrepancy at low and high masses between the observed stellar mass function of galaxies and that predicted by ΛCDM models, the scaling relations between the mass of BHs and the velocity dispersion, mass and luminosity of the host galaxy spheroid and the similarity between BH growth and star formation cosmic histories. Models of galaxy formation and evolution in fact routinely include feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) and supernovae (SNe), which can successfully reproduce the observed properties cited above. Models consider the following two types of AGN feedback: the radiative mode (or quasar mode), that operates during a luminous AGN phase through winds powered by radiation pressure, and the kinetic (or radio) mode, in which kinetic energy is released by the AGN on longer timescales through relativistic jets, which heat the surrounding halo in galaxy clusters, thus preventing cooling and further accretion on the central galaxy, and consequently further star formation. So far, the clearest observational evidence of AGN feedback comes from the kinetic mode in massive central cluster galaxies. Radiative feedback is instead more elusive, and has been recently revealed in action only in a few luminous quasars around the peak of AGN activity history (z~2), where most powerful outflows are observed. However, it is not possible to study high-z quasar outflows on small spatial scales (<100 pc), being poorly-resolved or even unresolved in observations, due to their large distances. This can lead to systematics and uncertainties in the determination of outflow properties and forces to make some assumptions on them, which further increases the uncertainties on the outflow energetics and complicates the evaluation of the impact of outflows on host galaxies and the comparison with models. On the contrary, due to their vicinity, nearby active galaxies are ideal laboratories to explore in detail outflow properties, their formation and acceleration mechanisms, as well as the effects of AGN activity on host galaxies. This work focuses on investigating the properties of outflows in nearby Seyfert galaxies, the physical conditions of the ionized gas and the interplay between nuclear activity and star formation in the galaxy, thanks to the unprecedented combination of spatial and spectral coverage provided by the integral field spectrograph MUSE at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). We introduce our optically- and X-ray selected sample of nearby Seyferts, called MAGNUM survey. We present our MUSE emission-line flux and kinematic maps of the 10 objects we have analyzed so far, including a star-forming galaxy, NGC 6810, to study the properties of a starburst outflow for comparison as well. We map the ionized gas down to spatial scales as low as ~10 pc. We find ubiquitous ionization cones and outflows with various morphologies and extensions, from a few hundred pc to several kpc. We detect peculiar kinematic features suggestive of outflows with hollow-conical structures. We also identify enhanced linewidths perpendicular to radio jets, which point to a correlation between the presence of jets and perpendicular turbulent or outflowing gas motions. We then focus on a detailed multi-wavelength study of the ionized gas and outflow, in terms of physical properties, kinematics, and ionization mechanisms, in one specific galaxy of our sample, NGC 1365, from MUSE in optical band and Chandra satellite in X-rays. Here we map a kpc-scale biconical outflow ionized by the AGN prominent in [O III], while Hα emission traces star formation in a circumnuclear ring and along the bar of the galaxy. Soft X-rays are mostly due to thermal emission from the star-forming regions, but we manage to isolate the AGN photoionized component which matches the [O III] emission from MUSE. We map the mass outflow rate of the galactic ionized outflow, which matches that of the nuclear X-ray wind and then decreases with radius. The integrated mass outflow rate, kinetic energy rate, and outflow velocity are broadly consistent with the typical relations observed in more luminous AGN. We extend our analysis to the nearby star-forming galaxy NGC 6810, whose bipolar galactic ionized outflow we map with MUSE. We determine the dominant ionization mechanism in the outflow, its density and ionization parameter, discovering the first case of star formation occurring within an outflow in an unambiguously star-forming galaxy. We finally investigate with MUSE also the kinetic AGN feedback, by studying the ionized gas enshrouding the X-ray cavity inflated by radio jets around the massive radio-galaxy 3C 317 at the center of the local cluster Abell 2052. Thanks to MUSE capabilities, by mapping the warm gas filaments enshrouding the bubble we are able to directly measure the expansion velocity of the cavity, which usually is instead assumed or derived from indirect and model-dependent methods.