Artículos de revistas: "Hybrid collectif"

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Bourcier, Sam. "L’histoire de Juan: archives orales et performance". HYBRIDA, n.º 1 (3 de diciembre de 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/hybrida.1.16882.

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Cet article s’intéresse aux rapports entre archive et performance à partir des performances des travailleur·e·s du sexe. Il montre comment l’auto-archive prend une dimension collective et communicationnelle à partir d’une performance réalisée par Juan Florian Silva et Koriangelis Brawns au festival du SNAP qui s’est déroulé à Paris en 2019. Cet usage de la performance participe d’un remembering actif plutôt que de la simple mémoire. Il est incarné, performatif et collectif. Il brise avec la chaîne de production de l’archive traditionnelle. Il permet la création d’archives en boucles et la multiplication des circuits de diffusion et de production d’archives, de foyers d’archives sans se confondre avec les politiques de la visibilité unidimensionnelle des années 90.

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Bisia, Marina, Claire L. Jeffries, Ioanna Lytra, Antonios Michaelakis y Thomas Walker. "A Comparison of Adult Mosquito Trapping Methods to Assess Potential West Nile Virus Mosquito Vectors in Greece during the Onset of the 2018 Transmission Season". Insects 11, n.º 6 (27 de mayo de 2020): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060329.

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West Nile virus (WNV) threatens the health of humans and equines worldwide. Culex (Cx.) pipiens complex mosquitoes are major vectors but numerous other species have been implicated. Due to variations in blood-feeding behaviour, Cx. pipiens biotypes and hybrids influence transmission, from enzootic cycles (between mosquitoes and birds), to spill-over transmission to humans and equines. In this study, mosquitoes were collected in May–June 2018 during the early period of the transmission season from two regional units of Greece, where WNV cases had been reported in the previous four years (Palaio Faliro and Argolida). A total of 1062 mosquitoes were collected with Biogents Sentinel 2 traps collecting both a greater number of all mosquito species and the Cx. pipiens complex than CDC miniature light traps or Heavy Duty EVS traps. Molecular identification confirmed additional species including Aedes albopictus. The proportion of Cx. pipiens biotypes in Palaio Faliro was 54.5% pipiens, 20.0% molestus and 25.5% hybrids. In Argolida, the collection comprised 68.1% pipiens biotype, 8.3% molestus biotype and 23.6% hybrids. Screening resulted in WNV detection in three females of the pipiens biotype and in one hybrid. As hybrids play a role in spill-over transmission, these findings highlight the importance of entomological surveillance programs incorporating molecular xenomonitoring as an early warning before human cases at the onset of the transmission season.

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Tognarelli, Giulia, Marco A. L. Zuffi, Silvia Marracci y Matilde Ragghianti. "Surveys on populations of green frogs (Pelophylax) of Western Tuscany sites with molecular and morphometric methods". Amphibia-Reptilia 35, n.º 1 (2014): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00002931.

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The water frogs of western Tuscany (Italy) belong to the L-E hybridogenetic system, and comprise one parental species and its hybrid. A stringent morphological approach for discriminating the Italian hybrids from non-hybrids has yet to be established. In this work, using the molecular marker RrS1, we have determined the hybrid versus non-hybrid status of 43 water frogs collected from two sampling sites (“Fiume Morto Vecchio” and “Padule di Bientina”). At “Fiume Morto Vecchio” we determined 25 non-hybrids and nine hybrids and in “Padule di Bientina” we determined eight hybrids and one non-hybrid individual. All individuals of these two frog populations were analyzed morphologically. We used the derived residuals from regression analysis of all normally distributed morphological parameters on callus internus length (snout to vent length, tibia length, head width, distance nostril eye, first toe length and body mass) to build sex independent variables in discriminant analysis providing a valid contribution to morphologically distinguish hybrids from non-hybrid green frogs in Italy.

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Syvānen, Ann-Christine, Matti Laaksonen y Hans Sōderlund. "Fast quantification of nucleic acid hybrids by affinity-based hybrid collection". Nucleic Acids Research 14, n.º 12 (1986): 5037–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/14.12.5037.

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Lazarov, V., Chr Schaeffer, M. Shishkov y M. Ivanova. "Hybrid solar collector". Journal of Materials Processing Technology 161, n.º 1-2 (abril de 2005): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.07.029.

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Rohwer, Sievert, Christopher Wood y Eldredge Bermingham. "A New Hybrid Warbler (Dendroica Nigrescens × D. Occidentalis) and Diagnosis of Similar D. Townsendi × D. Occidentalis Recombinants". Condor 102, n.º 3 (1 de agosto de 2000): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/102.3.713.

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Abstract We use 13 color characters to describe the first known Dendroica nigrescens × D. occidentalis hybrid. Because this specimen was collected in the southeastern Cascade Mountains of Washington during the breeding season, D. townsendi, D. occidentalis, and D. nigrescens are the only plausible parents for a hybrid male falling within the black-throated clade of Dendroica warblers. Multiple character states in the hybrid refute the alternative parental combinations, townsendi × occidentalis and townsendi × nigrescens. Two characteristics of this hybrid suggested further tests of the parentage of 38 problematic hybrids that were treated previously as townsendi × occidentalis recombinants by assumption only. These hybrids lack yellow on their breast, the only character that refutes a nigrescens × occidentalis parentage. The new hybrid is intermediate between nigrescens and occidentalis in the color of its posterior face and its anterior crown; thus, we scored these new characters in the 38 problematic hybrids. None of these 38 specimens was intermediate or white in either of these regions, and there was no correlation between having tinges of white in these regions and the extent of flank streaking. These results fail to support nigrescens in the parentage of these 38 specimens; furthermore, none of the problematic hybrids carried a nigrescens mitochondrial DNA haplotype. Thus, we conclude that all are unusual recombinants of townsendi × occidentalis hybridization, rather than nigrescens × occidentalis hybrids.

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Kochubey, A. A. y R. Sh Zaremuk. "Study of drought tolerance of hybrid material of home plum in southern Russia". Agrarian science, n.º 6 (18 de julio de 2020): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2020-339-6-94-98.

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Relevance. The aim of the research was to determine the physiological characteristics of the manifestation of resistance to stress factors (drought) of new hybrid forms of domestic plum and the allocation of the most drought-resistant in the environmental conditions of southern gardening.Methods. The article presents the results of drought tolerance studies of six promising hybrid forms of home plum (17–1-55, 17–1-69, 17–2-64, 17–2-78, 17–2-81, 17–3-79), concentrated in the genetic collection of SKFNTSVV. The main indicators characterizing the varieties and hybrids of home plum were determined as drought tolerant — the water content of the leaves and the water holding capacity of the leaves under conditions of summer moisture deficiency.Results. The water content of leaf tissue of hybrid forms in the hottest period (second — third decade of July) was heterogeneous. The highest water content in tissues was observed in hybrid seedlings 17–2-64 (63.1%) and 17–2-81 (59.6%). The smallest value was observed in the hybrid 17–3-79 and amounted to 49.7%. According to the data obtained, it was concluded that the studied hybrid forms do not differ in high water content, with the exception of hybrid 17–2-64, in which the water content can be characterized as above average. It was found that the water retention capacity of most hybrid forms is average. The total water content after withering in the studied hybrids was more than 80%. The greatest decrease in the amount of water in the leaves was observed in hybrids 17–1-55 (18.9%), 17–2-64 (18.5%), 17–3-79 (18.4%); the smallest — in hybrids 17–1-69 (13.3%), 17–2-78 (13.6%), which indicates a highwater retention capacity of the last two hybrids. With a general assessment of the hybrid fund of home plum, it was found that most hybrids studied have low hydration of leaf tissue and average water retention capacity. Based on this, two drought-resistant hybrid forms were identified: 17–1-69 and 17–2-78, which, despite the low water content, are distinguished by good water-holding ability in comparison with other hybrids and, as a consequence, the conservation of leaf turgor.

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OTTO, RAINER y FILIP VERLOOVE. "A new natural hybrid in Argemone (Papaveraceae)". Phytotaxa 255, n.º 1 (5 de abril de 2016): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.255.1.5.

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Argemone × hybrida is described as a natural hybrid of A. mexicana and A. ochroleuca, based on a collection from La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain), where both parents are found growing in close proximity. This hybrid may be more widespread but overlooked. Distinguishing features of all three taxa are thoroughly discussed and illustrated.

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Choi, H. U., R. Fatkhur, C. H. Son, J. I. Yoon, Y. B. Kim y K. H. Choi. "Numerical Analysis on Thermal Efficiency of Hybrid Solar Collector with Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchanger". Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 6, n.º 3 (mayo de 2018): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/jocet.2018.6.3.464.

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Madyakin, Yevgeny Viktorovich y Oleg Ivanovich Goryanin. "Prospects for cultivating russian varieties and hybrids of sunflower in the Volga region". Agrarian Scientific Journal, n.º 10 (27 de octubre de 2020): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2020i10pp46-49.

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The results of research on common Chernozem in the grain crop rotation to identify the effectiveness of cultivating varieties and hybrids according to the traditional production system of sunflower are presented. Under weather conditions at the level and worse than the average annual values, on average for 2017-2019, when testing 11 varieties and hybrids of domestic (3 varieties and 4 hybrids) and foreign selection (4 hybrids), the highest yield of oilseeds was established on hybrids of domestic (Legion, Fanat) – 2.13-2.19 t/ha and foreign selection (Sharks, NSH-6013) – 2.20-2.29 t/ha. The most stable fat content in oil seeds were hybrids 8N358KLDM and Everest, which provided an average of three years of fat production at the level of 51.9-52.7 %, for the highest oil collection per unit area hybrids Fanat, Sharks – 0.99-1.00 t / ha, the maximum net income hybrids Fanat, Sharks and NSX-6013 – 33086,8-35268,8 RUB / ha. The low cost of seeds in the varieties Precocious 87, Saratov 20, Nut, hybrid Fanat contributed to the highest cost recovery – 4.19-4.45 rubles / RUB of costs. Based on the research carried out when cultivating sunflower according to the traditional production system in the Volga region, it is recommended to use a hybrid of domestic selection – Fanat to obtain a high net income. In order to get the maximum return on costs, it is proposed to cultivate early-maturing varieties of Precocious 87, Saratov 20, Nut, and hybrid Fanat.

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Mishra, R. K. y G. N. Tiwari. "Energy and exergy analysis of hybrid photovoltaic thermal water collector for constant collection temperature mode". Solar Energy 90 (abril de 2013): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2012.12.022.

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Long, Zhengwei y Qiang Yao. "Numerical simulation of the flow and the collection mechanism inside a scale hybrid particulate collector". Powder Technology 215-216 (enero de 2012): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.08.045.

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Faizah, Rokhana, Sri Wening, Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi y Abdul Razak Purba. "GENETIC VARIATION OF E. oleifera POPULATION AND POPULATION E. guineensis x E. oleifera ON NUTFAH PLASMA COLLECTION PPKS". Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit 24, n.º 1 (3 de enero de 2018): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v24i1.3.

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The oil palm species of Elaeis oleifera have some superior characters not possessed by E. guineensis species. The cross between E. oleifera x E. guineensis (E. o x E. g.) Is carried out to insert the superior character of E. oleifera into the E. guineensis species and to obtain individuals who possess a superior characteristic blend of both species. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity within and between populations of E. oleifera, as well as relationships between E. oleifera, E. guineensis and its interspecific hybrids. A total of 8 germplasm populations used were E. oleifera originating from Suriname and Brazil, E. guineensis population of Dura Deli and SP540T, and interspecific crosses of hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Colombia, hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera which is presumably from Colombia, as well as hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Brazil. A total of sixteen Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used to analyze 92 individuals from 8 populations. PCoA results show that 8 Elaeis populations cluster in each group. The hybrid population of E. guineensis x E. oleifera suspected of Colombia has a very close kinship relationship with hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Colombia and clumped in the same quadrant. This suggests that the hybrid is indeed a hybrid of E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Colombia. The population of E. oleifera from Suriname showed the lowest genetic diversity, with the number of different alleles, specific alleles, heterozygosity values, and the percentages of polymorphic loci sequentially were 1.37, 0.18, 0.09, and 37.50%. While the population of interspecific interspecific crossbreeds of the E. oleifera species showed the highest genetic diversity with values of 3.81, 0.43, 0.62 and 100%.

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Faizah, Rokhana, Sri Wening, Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi y Abdul Razak Purba. "GENETIC VARIATION OF E. oleifera POPULATION AND POPULATION E. guineensis x E. oleifera ON NUTFAH PLASMA COLLECTION PPKS". Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit 24, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2016): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v24i1.3.

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The oil palm species of Elaeis oleifera have some superior characters not possessed by E. guineensis species. The cross between E. oleifera x E. guineensis (E. o x E. g.) Is carried out to insert the superior character of E. oleifera into the E. guineensis species and to obtain individuals who possess a superior characteristic blend of both species. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity within and between populations of E. oleifera, as well as relationships between E. oleifera, E. guineensis and its interspecific hybrids. A total of 8 germplasm populations used were E. oleifera originating from Suriname and Brazil, E. guineensis population of Dura Deli and SP540T, and interspecific crosses of hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Colombia, hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera which is presumably from Colombia, as well as hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Brazil. A total of sixteen Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used to analyze 92 individuals from 8 populations. PCoA results show that 8 Elaeis populations cluster in each group. The hybrid population of E. guineensis x E. oleifera suspected of Colombia has a very close kinship relationship with hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Colombia and clumped in the same quadrant. This suggests that the hybrid is indeed a hybrid of E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Colombia. The population of E. oleifera from Suriname showed the lowest genetic diversity, with the number of different alleles, specific alleles, heterozygosity values, and the percentages of polymorphic loci sequentially were 1.37, 0.18, 0.09, and 37.50%. While the population of interspecific interspecific crossbreeds of the E. oleifera species showed the highest genetic diversity with values of 3.81, 0.43, 0.62 and 100%.

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Lin, Zechuan, Peng Qin, Xuanwen Zhang, Chenjian Fu, Hanchao Deng, Xingxue Fu, Zhen Huang et al. "Divergent selection and genetic introgression shape the genome landscape of heterosis in hybrid rice". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, n.º 9 (18 de febrero de 2020): 4623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919086117.

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The successful application of heterosis in hybrid rice has dramatically improved rice productivity, but the genetic mechanism for heterosis in the hybrid rice remains unclear. In this study, we generated two populations of rice F1hybrids with present-day commercial hybrid parents, genotyped the parents with 50k SNP chip and genome resequencing, and recorded the phenotype of ∼2,000 hybrids at three field trials. By integrating these data with the collected genotypes of ∼4,200 rice landraces and improved varieties that were reported previously, we found that the male and female parents have different levels of genome introgressions from other rice subpopulations, includingindica,aus, andjaponica, therefore shaping heterotic loci in the hybrids. Among the introgressed exogenous genome, we found that heterotic loci, includingGhd8/DTH8,Gn1a, andIPA1existed in wild rice, but were significantly divergently selected among the rice subpopulations, suggesting these loci were subject to environmental adaptation. During modern rice hybrid breeding, heterotic loci were further selected by removing loci with negative effect and fixing loci with positive effect and pyramid breeding. Our results provide insight into the genetic basis underlying the heterosis of elite hybrid rice varieties, which could facilitate a better understanding of heterosis and rice hybrid breeding.

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Batte, Michael, Brigitte Uwimana, Rony Swennen, Allan Brown, Helena Persson Hovmalm, Mulatu Geleta y Rodomiro Ortiz. "Heterobeltiosis in Banana and Genetic Gains through Crossbreeding". Proceedings 36, n.º 1 (8 de abril de 2020): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036193.

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Heterosis, or hybrid vigour, is the superiority of the hybrid for a certain trait over the mean of its two parents. Heterobeltiosis is a form of heterosis where the hybrid is superior to its best parent. Banana breeding is a tedious, time-consuming process, taking up to two decades to develop a hybrid. Understanding heterosis in banana breeding will contribute to selecting right breeding materials for further crossing, thus increasing banana breeding efficiency. Here we document heterobeltiosis by using the recently bred NARITA ‘Matooke’ hybrids and their ancestors. NARITA hybrids, their parents (4x and 2x), grandparents (3x and 2x), and local 3x ‘Matooke’ cultivar checks were planted in a rectangular lattice design with two replications. Yield and other agronomic data were collected at flowering and harvest. The NARITAs were compared with their 3x ‘Matooke’ grandmothers. Heterobeltiosis on bunch weight was calculated with the data of 3 cycles. All the NARITAs showed heterobeltiosis for bunch weight. NARITA 17 had the highest grandparent heterobeltiosis (ca. 250%). Genetic gains due to crossbreeding were determined for fruit yield considering three generations: matooke cultigen (C0), primary tetraploid hybrids (C1) and secondary tetraploid hybrids (C2). The average genetic gain (from C0 to C2) rates for bunch weight (kg) and yield potential (t ha−1 year−1) were 1.4% and 1.3% per year, respectively.

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ZHU, Qunzhi, Lijuan MU, Qifen LI, Leilei SI, Jianxing REN y Jiang WU. "C104 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A HYBRID PHOTOVOLTAIC-THERMAL WATER COLLECTOR(Solar, Wind and Wave Energy-1)". Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2009.1 (2009): _1–151_—_1–156_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2009.1._1-151_.

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Lunghi, Enrico, Fabio Cianferoni, Stefano Merilli, Yahui Zhao, Raoul Manenti, Gentile Francesco Ficetola y Claudia Corti. "Ecological Observations on Hybrid Populations of European Plethodontid Salamanders, Genus Speleomantes". Diversity 13, n.º 7 (23 de junio de 2021): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13070285.

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Speleomantes are the only plethodontid salamanders present in Europe. Multiple studies have been performed to investigate the trophic niche of the eight Speleomantes species, but none of these studies included hybrid populations. For the first time, we studied the trophic niche of five Speleomantes hybrid populations. Each population was surveyed twice in 2020, and stomach flushing was performed on each captured salamander; stomach flushing is a harmless technique that allows stomach contents to be inspected. We also assessed the potential divergence in size and body condition between natural and introduced hybrids, and their parental species. Previously collected data on Speleomantes were included to increase the robustness of these analyses. In only 33 out of 134 sampled hybrid Speleomantes we recognized 81 items belonging to 11 prey categories. The frequency of empty stomachs was higher in females and individuals from natural hybrid populations, whereas the largest number of prey was consumed by males. We compared the total length and body condition of 685 adult salamanders belonging to three types of hybrids and three parental (sub)species. Three group of salamanders (one hybrid and two parental species) showed significantly larger size, whereas no difference in body condition was observed. This study provided novel ecological information on Speleomantes hybrid populations. We also provided insights into the potential divergence between hybrids and parental species in terms of size and body condition. We discuss our findings, and formulate several hypotheses that should be tested in the future.

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Sanahuja, G., P. Lopez, A. J. Palmateer y A. R. Chase. "Red Rust of Neoregelia Bromeliads Caused by a Parasitic Alga Cephaleuros parasiticus in Florida". Plant Health Progress 19, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2018): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-11-17-0068-rs.

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A newly emerging disease affecting proprietary hybrids of Neoregelia bromeliads was found in nursery production throughout south Florida. Initial symptoms appeared as small, reddish leaf spots with signs of fungal-like growth on the abaxial leaf surface closely resembling a rust. Closer examination of diseased tissue revealed the growth to be an alga with morphological and molecular characteristics of Cephaleuros parasiticus. This genus of plant parasitic thalloid green algae occurs worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions. Isolates of C. parasiticus collected from Neoregelia hybrid bromeliads were compared with two common Cephaleuros spp. (C. parasiticus and C. virescens) causing leaf spots on guava (Psidium guajava) in south Florida. Further, pathogenicity tests were conducted on healthy Neoregelia hybrids using C. parasiticus isolates collected from diseased leaves of bromeliads and guava. Isolates from both sources produced symptoms consistent with those originally described as “red rust” on Neoregelia hybrids. Florida has 165 plant species belonging to 53 families that have been reported as hosts of Cephaleuros spp., but this is the first report on Neoregelia hybrid bromeliads.

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Wojciechowicz-Żytko, Elżbieta, Barbara Rogowska, Maja Dobińska, Anna Witek y Magdalena Kulig. "Insect Pests Occurring on the Different Iris L. (Iridaceae) Taxa". Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae 19, s1 (1 de diciembre de 2016): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ahr-2016-0022.

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Abstract The experiment was carried out in years 2012–2013 in the Collection of Ornamental Plants of the Agricultural University in Cracow. Six Iris taxa – Iris graminea L. and hybrids from Sibiriceae section: I. ‘Wisley White’, ‘Wiltrude Gissel’, ‘Violet Meer’, ‘White Swirl’, I. ‘Towanda Redflare’ × I. sibirica hybrid (RF × I SK) were observed. Each taxon was represented by five clumps. In weekly intervals from May to August, the insects: Mononychus punctumalbum (Hbst.), Phorbia servadei (Seguy), Oxythyrea funesta (Poda.) and Aphthona nonstriata (Goeze) were collected from the selected plants. The differences in infestation of different Iris taxa by pests were noted. The most infested by pests was the hybrid from Sibiriceae section I. ‘Wiltrud Gissel’ whereas hardly attacked species was Iris graminea. M. punctumalbum and P. servadei were the most frequently occurring insects. The adults of M. punctumalbum were observed in the greatest numbers on ‘Wiltrud Gissel’, ‘Violet Meer’ and RF × I SK hybrid. P. servadei larvae were most abundant in the buds of ‘Wiltrud Gissel’ and ‘Violet Meer’ O. funesta and A. nonstriata occurred in a small number whereas a common pest – A. newtoni – was not found.

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Poudel, Barsha, Simon R. Ellwood, Alison C. Testa, Mark McLean, Mark W. Sutherland y Anke Martin. "Rare Pyrenophora teres Hybridization Events Revealed by Development of Sequence-Specific PCR Markers". Phytopathology® 107, n.º 7 (julio de 2017): 878–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-16-0396-r.

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Pyrenophora teres f. teres and P. teres f. maculata cause net form and spot form, respectively, of net blotch on barley (Hordeum vulgare). The two forms reproduce sexually, producing hybrids with genetic and pathogenic variability. Phenotypic identification of hybrids is challenging because lesions induced by hybrids on host plants resemble lesions induced by either P. teres f. teres or P. teres f. maculata. In this study, 12 sequence-specific polymerase chain reaction markers were developed based on expressed regions spread across the genome. The primers were validated using 210 P. teres isolates, 2 putative field hybrids (WAC10721 and SNB172), 50 laboratory-produced hybrids, and 7 isolates collected from barley grass (H. leporinum). The sequence-specific markers confirmed isolate WAC10721 as a hybrid. Only four P. teres f. teres markers amplified on DNA of barley grass isolates. Amplified fragment length polymorphism markers suggested that P. teres barley grass isolates are genetically different from P. teres barley isolates and that the second putative hybrid (SNB172) is a barley grass isolate. We developed a suite of markers which clearly distinguish the two forms of P. teres and enable unambiguous identification of hybrids.

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Li, He y Donglin Zhang. "In Vitro Seed Germination of Kalmia latifolia L. Hybrids: A Means for Improving Germination and Speeding Up Breeding Cycle". HortScience 53, n.º 4 (abril de 2018): 535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12829-17.

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Kalmia latifolia L. (mountain laurel), a member of Ericaceae, is a beautiful ornamental shrub native to the eastern United States. The plant is not common in the southeastern United States landscapes because of the limited heat tolerance of most commercial cultivars. Breeding of heat-tolerant cultivars can be achieved by cross hybridization, but is often challenged by low germination percentage, long germination time, and potential abortion of cross-hybridized seeds. We used in vitro seed germination to enhance germination and shorten germination time and investigated the appropriate collecting time, optimal basal medium, and pH for this approach. Collecting time affected in vitro seed germination, with more mature hybrid seeds [collected 4–5 months after pollination (MAP)] having higher germination rate (90% in 4 weeks) than the less mature seeds collected in 2 MAP (20% in 7 weeks). Seedlings from the mature seeds also produced two true leaves on average after 8 weeks of culture, whereas seedlings from the less mature seeds had no true leaves. Woody Plant Medium (WPM) better enhanced in vitro seed germination compared with Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Gamborg’s B5 (B5) medium. WPM yielded higher germination (98%) than MS (90%) and significantly greater total leaf area per seedling (67 mm3) than MS (50 mm3) and B5 (52 mm3) for seeds of ‘Firecracker’ × ‘Snowdrift’. Similar effects had been observed on seeds from ‘Little Linda’ × ‘Starburst’ and ‘Pristine’ × ‘Peppermint’. The pH ranging from 4.2 to 5.4 did not affect seed germination and seedling development of mountain laurel hybrids. Our protocol enabled early collection of mountain laurel hybrid seeds 1 month before their full maturation and permitted seeds to germinate in 4 weeks on WPM, which shortened the period from crossing to the seedling stage from up to 15 to 6 months and enhanced germination percentage from 30% to more than 90% compared with traditional seed germination. This protocol should be applied to promote the breeding and selection of new mountain laurel cultivars for the southeastern United States landscapes.

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Costa, Maria Angélica Pereira de Carvalho, Weliton Antonio Bastos de Almeida, Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho, Beatriz Madalena Januzzi Mendes y Adriana Pinheiro Martinelli Rodriguez. "Stomatal analysis of citrus somatic hybrids obtained by protoplast fusion". Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 39, n.º 3 (marzo de 2004): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2004000300015.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate leaf epidermis morphological characteristics of three citrus somatic hybrids, compared to their parents. Parental and somatic hybrid young leaves were collected and processed for scanning electron microscope observations. Citrus polyploid hybrids have fewer stomata per area and these are larger compared to their diploid parental parents. No differences in internal arrangement of the stomatal cells were detected between parental plants and somatic hybrids. Additional studies may determine if these differences will influence physiological behavior of the plants in the field.

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Kolisnyk, O. M., V. P. Onopriienko, I. M. Onopriienko, N. M. Kandyba, L. M. Khomenko, T. O. Kyrychenko, D. S. Tymchuk, N. F. Tymchuk y N. O. Terokhina. "Study of correlations between yield inheritance and resistance of corn self-pollinating lines and hybrids to pathogens". Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 10, n.º 1 (7 de marzo de 2020): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2020_35.

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The results of the gradation grouping of corn hybrids showed that among the self-pollinating lines of the working collection 28.0% had a high crop, 50.0% had an average yield and 22.0% had a low yield. At the same time 10.5% of simple hybrids belonged to the group with high crop, 54.6% – to that with an average one and 34.9% – to low yielders. The fact that these 10.5% of hybrid combinations with the yields higher than 5.5 t ha-1 contain hybrid combinations with complex resistance to diseases and pests, which were created on the basis of our self-pollinating donor lines resistant to entomo– and phytopathogens, confirms the principles we formulated as to selecting parental pairs. The most uniform distribution was recorded as to damaging by the European corn borer, a high resistance to which is characteristic of 42.0% of self-pollinating lines and 29.1% of simple hybrids.

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MUSIAŁ, KRYSTYNA, KONRAD PAGITZ, ZIGMANTAS GUDŽINSKAS, GRZEGORZ ŁAZARSKI y ARTUR PLISZKO. "Chromosome numbers in hybrids between invasive and native Solidago (Asteraceae) species in Europe". Phytotaxa 471, n.º 3 (17 de noviembre de 2020): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.471.3.8.

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In Europe, two North American species, Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea hybridize with native S. virgaurea producing the hybrids: S. ×niederederi, a hybrid between S. canadensis and S. virgaurea, and S. ×snarskisii, a hybrid between S. gigantea and S. virgaurea. The morphological description of both hybrids has been well established in contrast to the data on chromosome numbers which were insufficiently recorded or missing. The diploids of S. ×niederederi have been recently reported from a few localities in Austria and Lithuania. In this study, we evidenced a triploid of S. ×snarskisii from one locality in Lithuania, as well as confirmed diploids in the progenies of S. ×niederederi collected in 23 new localities in Austria, Poland, Lithuania, and Latvia, based on chromosome counting.

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Hanai, Ryo, Hiroka Yamada, Yurika Suzuki, Hajime Nagano, Takayuki Kawahara, Jiao-Jun Yu, Xun Gong y Chiaki Kuroda. "Chemical Constituents of Ligularia Nelumbifolia and L. Subspicata Hybrid Collected in Shangrila County, Yunnan Province of China". Natural Product Communications 7, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2012): 1934578X1200701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200701204.

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Four Ligularia individuals possessing morphological characters of both L. nelumbifolia and L. subspicata were discovered in Shangrila County, Yunnan Province, China. DNA sequencing showed that the specimens were hybrids of the two species and their maternal parent was L. subspicata. The chemical composition of the root extract was examined for three of them as well as L. nelumbifolia and L. subspicata collected sympatrically. Nelumol was isolated from L. nelumbifolia, and furanoeremophilanes from L. subspicata. While nelumol and furanoeremophilanes were detected in two of the hybrid samples, only furanoeremophilanes were detected in the others.

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27

Mahé, L., D. Le Pierrès, M. C. Combes y P. Lashermes. "Introgressive hybridization between the allotetraploid Coffea arabica and one of its diploid ancestors, Coffea canephora, in an exceptional sympatric zone in New Caledonia". Genome 50, n.º 3 (febrero de 2007): 316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g07-011.

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The importance of introgressive hybridization in plant evolution has long been recognized. Nevertheless, information on gene flow between allopolyploids and their diploid relatives is very limited, even though gene flow could play a major role in polyploid establishment and evolution. Here, we investigated the processes governing hybrid formation and introgression between the allotetraploid Coffea arabica and one of its ancestral diploid progenitors, C. canephora, in a sympatric zone of New Caledonia. The occurrence of a large assortment of hybridization events between the 2 coffee species is clearly established. First-generation hybrids (F1) and post-F1 hybrids were characterized. The involvement of unreduced gametes of C. canephora is suggested, because tetraploid F1 hybrid plants were detected. Moreover, although bidirectional mating was observed, only unidirectional gene flow from C. canephora to C. arabica was noted in post-F1 hybrids. Most of the collected post-F1 hybrid plants exhibited a high level of introgression, and the frequency of introgression observed among the different analyzed loci was homogeneous, suggesting no significant counterselection against introgressions from C. canephora. Overall, the New Caledonian central mountains appear to be a highly favourable environment for introgressive hybridization and a genetic diversity center for C. arabica.

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Parris, Matthew J. "Hybridization in leopard frogs (Rana pipiens complex): terrestrial performance of newly metamorphosed hybrid and parental genotypes in field enclosures". Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, n.º 9 (1 de septiembre de 2001): 1552–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-119.

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Terrestrial ecology has been largely neglected in the study of amphibian life histories because it is difficult to manipulate most species during the terrestrial stage. I examined the terrestrial performance of Rana blairi, Rana sphenocephala, and four hybrid (two F1 and two advanced generation) genotypes in replicated experimental enclosures to test for differences in traits related to juvenile terrestrial fitness. I produced all genotypes by means of artificial fertilizations using frogs collected from natural populations in central Missouri, and juvenile frogs were obtained from larvae reared in experimental ponds. Following metamorphosis, froglets were raised in single-genotype groups in terrestrial enclosures through the first overwintering. The proportion surviving did not vary among genotypes, but the power to detect significant differences was low. F1 hybrid genotypes BS and SB demonstrated significantly higher growth rates than either parental species or advanced-generation hybrid genotypes. Observation of growth rates of advanced-generation hybrids equal to those of the parental species, and heterosis in F1 hybrids for growth rate, suggests that natural hybridization between R. blairi and R. sphenocephala can produce novel and relatively fit hybrid genotypes. Direct measurement of multiple fitness components for hybrid and parental genotypes is critical for assessing the evolutionary potential of natural hybridization in organisms with complex life cycles.

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Bora, G. C., G. N. Hazarika y P. Talukdar. "AAUOKHYB -1 : An excellent Okra hybrid developed by Assam Agricultural University (AAU) suitable for diverse agro-climatic situation of North East India". Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2018): 672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i2.1763.

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A hybrid development programme on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) was undertaken at the Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Jorhat. The work included collection and evaluation of okra germplasm, identification of parents for hybridization, selfing of identified parental lines, making crosses and production of hybrid seeds, testing of hybrids for yield and resistance to Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (YVMV) disease, adaptability under diverse agro-climatic condition and testing in all India trials. The programme resulted in development and identification of excellent Okra hybrid AAUOKHYB-1 in 2017. The performance of the hybrid was very good under diverse agro-climatic conditions yielding about 162.0 q/ha fruit yield which is 32.5% higher than the best commercial check Arka Anamika. The hybrid showed resistant (R) reaction to YVMV disease. A wide range of heterosis upto 43% was exhibited by the hybrid in different vegetable research centers of the country as compared to the best check variety.

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Akankwasa, K., G. F. Ortmann, E. Wale y W. K. Tushemereirwe. "Early-Stage Adoption of Improved Banana “Matooke” Hybrids in Uganda: A Count Data Analysis Based on Farmers’ Perceptions". International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 13, n.º 01 (28 de enero de 2016): 1650001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877016500012.

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This paper analyzes farmers’ perceptions regarding the consumption and production attributes of new banana hybrids in Uganda. The data were collected from a sample of 454 farmers. Following descriptive statistics and a factor analysis, a zero-inflated poisson (ZIP) regression model was estimated to understand the effect of farmers’ perceptions and other factors on the likelihood of adopting the new hybrids. The results show that, compared to a local variety (Mbwazirume), four of the hybrids are preferred in terms of production attributes but regarded as inferior with respect to consumption characteristics. Resistance to nematodes, tolerance to weevils and high performance in good seasons in terms of bunch size mainly explain early-stage adoption of the hybrid banana varieties. Hybrid M9 is regarded as having a relatively good performance with respect to most of the production and consumption characteristics. In collaboration with extension agents, variety M9 could be disseminated to a wider farming community that targets larger households, younger farmers and farmers with relatively large sizes of land.

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FILIGHEDDU, ROSSELLA, EMMANUELE FARRIS, STEFANIA PISANU, MALVINA URBANI y ALFONSO SUSANNA. "Validation of the name Centaurea ×forsythiana Levier (Asteraceae)". Phytotaxa 166, n.º 4 (30 de abril de 2014): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.166.4.6.

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Two individuals morphologically intermediate between Centaurea horrida Badarò (1824: 367) and C. filiformis Viviani (1825: 6) were collected by Charles Immanuel Forsyth Major on 26 May 1885 at Tavolara Islet, Italy (FI!): these samples were published by Fiori (1904) and later reported in Arrigoni (1972) as two different hybrids: “C. superfiliformis × horrida Levier” and “C. superhorrida × filiformis Levier”. As annotated on the label by Emile Levier, the material deposited in FI shows that the morphology of the two hybrids is very different and only the one named by Fiori as “C. superfiliformis × horrida Levier” was labelled as C. forsythiana Levier (Fig. 1). This sample is morphologically similar to the individuals of a hybrid population we discovered in the same site in the Tavolara Islet (Timone), on limestone, as reported by Fiori (1904). The hybrid named “C. superhorrida × filiformis Levier” by Fiori (1904) was collected by Forsyth Major in a different site (Bocchetta) on granite, and has never been recollected afterwards. For the matter of this note, this is not a problem since, according to Article H.4.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature (McNeill et al. 2012), all the hybrid variants originated from the same parental species, as far as considered nothotaxa (Art. H.3.1), should bear the same name.

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Ahmed, Omer K., Raid W. Daoud, Shaimaa M. Bawa y Ahmed H. Ahmed. "Optimization of PV/T Solar Water Collector based on Fuzzy Logic Control". International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 9, n.º 2 (10 de mayo de 2020): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.2.303-310.

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Hybrid solar collector (PV/T) is designed to produce electricity, hot water, or hot air at the same time as they operate solar cells and solar heaters in one system. This system is designed to increase the electrical efficiency of solar cells by absorbing heat from these cells. The fuzzy logic (FL) is a tool usually used to optimize the operation of the systems. In this paper, the FL is to monitor and correct the mainsystem parameters to remain optimization efficiency at a better level. Three affected variables were studied: Effect of reflective mirrors, the effect of the glass cover, and the effect of the lower reflector angle on the performance of the PV / T hybrid solar system. These three parameters are traveled to be inputs for the FL, and the PV temperature in addition to system efficiency is the output for it. The effect of solar radiation was found to have a great effect on the efficiency of the hybrid solar collector. The thermal efficiency was 82% for the given value of the PV and mirrors, while the efficiency down to 50 for another angle. By using the artificial intelligent the system behavior depends on its output, which called feedback close loop control, at a real-time process that optimizes the system efficiency and its output. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

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Kuzmyshyna, N. V., V. K. Riabchun, S. N. Vakulenko, N. V. Tertyshna y Yu O. Bibel. "Ways to build up a trait collection of corn by vegetation period classes and its components". Genetičnì resursi roslin (Plant Genetic Resources), n.º 27 (2020): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36814/pgr.2020.27.05.

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Aim. To study new collection corn accessions by vegetation period classes and its components to build up a trait collection. Results and Discussions. The experiments were conducted in the eastern left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine in the scientific crop rotation fields of the Plant Production Institute named after VYa Yuriev of NAAS in 2016-2019 Field surveys and laboratory analyses were carried out using methodological approaches to studying collection corn accessions. The article presents the results on building up a trait collection of corn, which includes 111 collection accessions of new domestic self-pollinated corn lines, diverse in their genetics, identified as carriers of a set of valuable economic and biological traits on the basis of previous studies. The pedigrees of the lines included seven synthetic populations from Australia and one synthetic population from the USA, three varieties from China, two varieties from Ukraine, two varieties from Syria, four lines from Ukraine, seven lines from the USA; three hybrids from Thailand, one hybrid from France, one hybrid from Serbia, and one hybrid from Egypt. Due to multi-year studies of corn collection accessions, sources of valuable economic traits with high levels of their expression were identified. The sources are of interest for breeding to create corn hybrids. Conclusions. We grouped the lines was selected lines that are suitable for breeding: 24 lines with early emergence of seedlings (11-12 days), 29 lines with early anthesis (49–53 days), 64 lines with a minimum gap in anthesis (1-4 days), 14 lines with rapid water yielding belonging to various ripeness groups. We singled out cold-tolerant lines derived from a foreign (Egypt) hybrid (UKhK 653, UKhK 654, UKhK 655), from foreign (the USA, Australia) synthetics (UKhK 530, UKhK 692, UKhK 698). We also distinguished lines with increased productivity (86-116 g of grain per plant) and 1000-kernel weight (over 328 g): mid-early flint lines UKhK 724 and UKhK 727 derived from original French forms; nine mid-ripening lines originating from original Ukrainian (UKhK 612), American (UKhK 617, UKhK 618, UKhK 619), French (UKhK 725) and Egyptian (UKhK 653, UKhK 654, UKhK 655) forms; and one line from Thailand (UKhK 718), in which the vegetation period structure index ranged 0.8 to 1.0. We found sources of drought resistance: UKhK 719, UKhK 723, UKhK 724, and UKHK 726. Sources of good water yielding from grain are mid-early lines UKhK 690, UKhK 721, UKhK 730; mid-ripening lines UKhK 623, UKhK 631, UKhK 665, UKhK 672, UKhK 706 UKhK 715, UKhK 726; and mid-late lines UKhK 648, UKhK 652, UKhK 672, UKhK 720.

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Mauricio, F. N., T. A. T. Soratto, J. A. Diogo, R. L. Boscariol-Camargo, A. A. De Souza, H. D. Coletta-Filho, J. A. A. Silva, A. H. Medeiros, M. A. Machado y M. Cristofani-Yaly. "Analysis of Defense-Related Gene Expression in Citrus Hybrids Infected by Xylella fastidiosa". Phytopathology® 109, n.º 2 (febrero de 2019): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-09-18-0366-fi.

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Resistance to Xylella fastidiosa was evaluated in 264 hybrids of crosses between Murcott tangor (Citrus reticulata × Citrus sinensis) and Pera sweet orange (C. sinensis) under field conditions. Uninfected hybrids were grafted with buds collected from Pera sweet orange plants infected with X. fastidiosa, forming a plant with two scions (i.e., hybrid branches and Pera sweet orange branches). From these plants, we chose 10 genotypes with three biological replicates. We evaluated gene expression, bacterial multiplication, and citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) symptom development in both scions. X. fastidiosa was not detected in most hybrid scions and none showed disease symptoms. In contrast, all Pera sweet orange scions were infected with X. fastidiosa and expressed symptoms of CVC. We quantified the expression of 12 defense-related genes by qPCR comparing resistant to susceptible scions. We suggest that some of these genes are involved in resistance of the hybrids to X. fastidiosa, since their expression was significantly higher in the resistant hybrid scions than in tolerant hybrids and scions originated from CVC symptomatic Pera sweet orange buds. However, we note that these data should be interpreted carefully, as the plant genotypes tested are related but necessarily distinct (hybrids of C. reticulata and C. sinensis, in relation to a C. sinensis control). A principal component analysis revealed a relationship between the expression of these genes and hybrid scions, and between scions that originated from infected buds and the presence of the bacteria and plant symptoms. Multiyear field trials are necessary to develop plant resistance to X. fastidiosa. While the experimental design used here had limitations, it allowed us to identify a set of genes potentially involved in Citrus sp. resistance to this pathogen. Future work on the role of these genes in plant defenses to X. fastidiosa infection is necessary to confirm their importance in the displayed resistance phenotype.

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Pate, M. C., J. K. Pataky, W. C. Houghton y R. H. Teyker. "First Report of Puccinia sorghi Virulent on Sweet Corn with the Rp1-D Gene in Florida and Texas". Plant Disease 84, n.º 10 (octubre de 2000): 1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.10.1154a.

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For the past 15 years, the Rp1-D gene has controlled common rust on sweet corn in North America. In August and September 1999, isolates of Puccinia sorghi were collected from Rp1-D sweet corn hybrids in Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan, and New York. This was the first widespread occurrence in the continental United States of P. sorghi virulent on the Rp1-D gene (1). Isolates of P. sorghi collected from Los Mochis, Mexico, in March 2000 had a pattern of virulence similar to the pattern for the isolates collected in the Midwest in 1999 (2). In April and May 2000, small uredinia were observed on Rp1-D sweet corn in Florida and Texas. In Florida, isolates were collected from six different locations within a 13-km radius near Belle Glade. Three isolates were collected each from Rp1-D and non-Rp sweet corn hybrids. Isolates also were collected from two Rp1-D sweet corn hybrids and a non-Rp sweet corn hybrid near Hondo, TX. Inocula of isolates were increased through one uredinial generation in the greenhouse. Several 1-cm2 pieces of leaf tissue with sporulating uredinia were placed in 15 ml of a solution of water and Tween 20. This inoculum was placed in whorls of five two-leaved seedlings of a susceptible hybrid, ‘Primetime.’ Urediniospores from newly formed uredinia were collected 10 days later and used as inocula to assay each isolate. Two isolates from Florida (one each from an Rp1-D and a non-Rp hybrid) were assayed on a non-Rp susceptible check, 20 different single Rp genes, and nine compound Rp genes. Other isolates were assayed on two replicates of a non-Rp susceptible check, a source of Rp1-D, and five single Rp genes that were effective against the isolates collected from the Midwest in 1999 and from Mexico in 2000. Each experimental unit consisted of five plants grown in 10-cm-diameter pots. Plants at the two-leaf stage were inoculated three times within 5 days by filling whorls with a urediniospore suspension. Rust reactions were rated 10 days after the final inoculation. Isolates collected in Florida from non-Rp hybrids were avirulent on Rp1-D but those collected in Texas from non-Rp hybrids were virulent on Rp1-D. Isolates collected in Florida and Texas from Rp1-D hybrids had a similar pattern of virulence as isolates collected from the Midwest in 1999 and from Mexico in March 2000; that is, effective single Rp genes included Rp1-E, Rp-G, Rp1-I, and Rp1-K. A source that we previously believed was Rp1-L now appears to be Rp-G. These are the first reports from Florida and Texas of P. sorghi virulent on Rp1-D, and they are the first occurrences of virulence against Rp1-D in the continental U.S. in 2000. Apparently, P. sorghi with virulence against Rp1-D has become established in an area where common rust inocula for North America overwinters. References: (1) J. K. Pataky and W. F. Tracy. Plant Dis. 83:1177, 1999. (2) J. K. Pataky et al. Plant Dis. 84:810, 2000.

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Gutieva, N. M. "Promising interspecific hybrids of pelargoniums in the humid subtropics of Russia". Horticulture and viticulture, n.º 5 (21 de noviembre de 2020): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/0235-2591-2020-5-5-10.

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The article presents the results of many years of breeding studies with species and varieties of the genus Pelargonium L`Herit. A genetic collection of pelargonium has been formed on the basis of the Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It has 215 accessions and includes 35 natural species, 30 varieties of domestic and 150 foreign breeding. The hybrid fund contains 77 variety and 59 interspecific hybrids. Hybridization of species, varieties and hybrids of P. crispum, with a set of positive qualities, was carried out. The breeding is aimed at creating varieties of a new generation, not only decorative, but also aromatic. The following species in interspecific crosses involved the types of: P. crispum (Berg.) L’Herit., P. betulinum (L.) L’Herit, P. capitatum (L.), L’Herit., P. citronellum J.J.A. van der Walt, P. cordifolium (Cav.) Curt., P. cucullatum (L.) L’Herit., fragrant pelargonium variety ‘Gemstone’, interspecific hybrids Sp12-01, Sp-12-05 and Angel varieties: ‘Michael’, ‘Tip-Top’, ‘Pansy’, ‘Ralf’. Promising hybrids most adapted for cultivation in the humid subtropics of southern Russia were identified on the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of ornamentality and biological features. The possibilities of creating new modern pelargonium genotypes using the interspecific hybridization method are demonstrated. The object of research was a hybrid fund of interspecific crosses of 2012-2017. Species and varieties that are capable of transmitting to the first generation of hybrids a complex of breeding-significant characters: P. crispum, R.‘Gemstone ’and‘ Freshness of Morning ’have been identified. Morpho-biological features of interspecific hybrids are studied. Six hybrid forms have been identified for cultivation in the humid subtropics of Russia. They are promising for phytocompositions in sanatorium parks. Hybrids GG 15-15 and Sp16-07 are interested for further breeding as sources of breeding-significant characteristics (aroma and adaptability) for creation new generation of domestic varieties.

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Obruchkov, A. Yu. "NEW PARTHENOCARPIC CUCUMBER HYBRIDS TOLERANT TO DOWNY MILDEW". Vegetable crops of Russia, n.º 5 (4 de diciembre de 2018): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2018-5-95-97.

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Research work was carried out in the State University "Transnistrian Research Institute of agriculture" in film greenhouses (spring-summer and summer turnover) and in the open field on the trellis. The aim of the work is to study the source material and create promising lines of cucumber with high parthenocarpic ability, yield and resistance to downy mildew to obtain on their basis heterosis hybrids of cucumber of universal type for various crop rotations. To achieve this goal in 2013-2017 the following tasks were identified: to study the collection samples and to identify the most resistant to downy mildew; to evaluate the source material and select the stable forms; to study the combinational ability of the main features and properties of the parent forms of cucumber hybrids (parthenocarpy, yield, disease resistance); to study the variability and inheritance of the main useful features and properties; to test promising cucumber hybrids for economically valuable traits and properties. The standards were hybrids Enthusiasm (selection RF) and Claudia (Dutch selection). In order to create a source material of parthenocarpic hybrids of cucumber resistant to peronosporosis, 20 samples of breeding material from different countries of origin were studied in the closed and open ground. Four maternal and six paternal forms, as well as eighteen large-humped hybrid combinations were evaluated by the topcross method according to the complex of economically valuable traits and properties. And full diallele the scheme of the seven lines and forty-two tuberculate hybrid combinations. The regularities of variability and signs manifestation in the first generation of hybrids are studied. Given information about the inheritance of the trait of resistance to downy mildew is a promising parthenocarpic hybrid combinations of cucumber created in the Transnistrian agricultural research Institute. Highlighted is sixty-six hybrid combinations of cucumber. Three samples that showed high resistance to downy mildew, was submitted to the State varietal Inspectorate of the Republic of Moldova and Transnistria under the name Condor, Orlan and Shegol.

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Accotto, Gian Paolo, Giuseppe Nervo, Nazzareno Acciarri, Luciana Tavella, Manuela Vecchiati, Massimo Schiavi, Giovanna Mason y Anna Maria Vaira. "Field Evaluation of Tomato Hybrids Engineered with Tomato spotted wilt virus Sequences for Virus Resistance, Agronomic Performance, and Pollen-Mediated Transgene Flow". Phytopathology® 95, n.º 7 (julio de 2005): 800–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-95-0800.

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Tomato hybrids obtained from homozygous progeny of line 30-4, engineered for Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) resistance, were tested under field conditions in two locations with their corresponding nontransgenic hybrids. No transgenic hybrid became infected, but 33 to 50% of plants of each nontransgenic hybrid became infected with a severe reduction of marketable fruit production. The transgenic hybrids conformed to the standard agronomic characteristics of the corresponding nontransgenic ones. Fruit were collected from the nontransgenic plots included in the experimental field and from border rows, and seed were used to estimate the flow of the transgene via pollen. No transgene flow was detected in the protected crops; however, in the open field experiment, 0.32% of tomato seedlings were found to contain the genetic modification. Immunity to TSWV infection in 30-4 hybrids was confirmed in laboratory conditions using mechanical inoculation and grafting. Thrips inoculation in leaf discs of line 30-4 demonstrated that TSWV replication was inhibited at the primary infection site but not in leaf discs of a commercial hybrid containing the naturally occurring resistance gene Sw-5. Due to the high economic value of tomato crops worldwide and the importance of TSWV, the engineered resistance described here is of practical value for breeding into cultivars of commercial interest, because it could be combined with naturally occurring resistance, thus greatly reducing the ability of the virus to develop resistance-breaking strains.

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BOON, NELE A. M., FREDERIK VAN DEN BROECK, DJIBY FAYE, FILIP A. M. VOLCKAERT, SOULEYMANE MBOUP, KATJA POLMAN y TINE HUYSE. "Barcoding hybrids: heterogeneous distribution of Schistosoma haematobium × Schistosoma bovis hybrids across the Senegal River Basin". Parasitology 145, n.º 5 (abril de 2018): 634–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182018000525.

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ABSTRACTHybridization events between Schistosoma species (Digenea, Platyhelminthes) are reported with increasing frequency, largely due to improved access to molecular tools. Nevertheless, little is known about the distribution and frequency of hybrid schistosomes in nature. Screening for hybrids on a large scale is complicated by the need for nuclear and mitochondrial sequence information, precluding a ‘simple’ barcoding approach. Here we aimed to determine and understand the spatiotemporal distribution of Schistosoma haematobium × Schistosoma bovis hybrids in the Senegal River Basin. From ten villages, distributed over the four main water basins, we genotyped a total of 1236 schistosome larvae collected from human urine samples using a partial mitochondrial cox1 fragment; a subset of 268 parasites was also genotyped using ITS rDNA. Hybrid schistosomes were unevenly distributed, with substantially higher numbers in villages bordering Lac de Guiers than in villages from the Lampsar River and the Middle Valley of the Senegal River. The frequency of hybrids per village was not linked with the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in that village. However, we did find a significant positive association between the frequency of hybrids per village and the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni. We discuss the potential consequences of adopting a barcoding approach when studying hybrids in nature.

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40

Nazizah, Fitrotin. "PEMILIHAN VARIETAS JAGUNG HIBRIDA BERDASARKAN KRITERIA KOMODITAS (STUDI KASUS: KECAMATAN GALIS, KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN)". Jurnal Agrosains: Karya Kreatif dan Inovatif 4, n.º 2 (24 de mayo de 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31102/agrosains.2017.4.2.1-10.

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This research purposes to understand the description of hybrid corn cultivation, the choices of hybrid corn variety and the strategy of hybrid corn development. This research is located in Galis, Pamekasan, exactly in Polagan village. The technique collecting data that the researcher was used are primer and secondary method. Primer data was collected by observation, interview, and questioner, while secondary data was collected from the journal, the book, and the agriculture department in Pamekasan. The data was analyzed by using descriptive analysis, AHP method and SWOT analysis. The hybrid corn variety which was chosen for expansion in Galis is Bisi-2 variety. The strategies of expansion for hybrid corn agriculture labor that should do are expand the wide of areas for hybrid corn agriculture labor, and run the programs which is given by government.

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41

Ravirajan, P., D. D. C. Bradley, J. Nelson, S. A. Haque, J. R. Durrant, H. J. P. Smit y J. M. Kroon. "Efficient charge collection in hybrid polymer/TiO2 solar cells using poly(ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulphonate as hole collector". Applied Physics Letters 86, n.º 14 (4 de abril de 2005): 143101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1890468.

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42

Pragana, João P. M., Stephan Rosenthal, Ivo M. F. Bragança, Carlos M. A. Silva, A. Erman Tekkaya y Paulo A. F. Martins. "Hybrid Additive Manufacturing of Collector Coins". Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 4, n.º 4 (9 de diciembre de 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp4040115.

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The objective of this paper is to present a new hybrid additive manufacturing route for fabricating collector coins with complex, intricate contoured holes. The new manufacturing route combines metal deposition by additive manufacturing with metal cutting and forming, and its application is illustrated with an example consisting of a prototype coin made from stainless steel AISI 316L. Experimentation and finite element analysis of the coin minting operation with the in-house computer program i-form show that the blanks produced by additive manufacturing and metal cutting can withstand the high compressive pressures that are attained during the embossing and impressing of lettering and other reliefs on the coin surfaces. The presentation allows concluding that hybrid additive manufacturing opens the way to the production of innovative collector coins with geometric features that are radically different from those that are currently available in the market.

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43

Chapardar, Hadi y Pratima Bansal. "The Emergence of Hybrid Collective Action". Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, n.º 1 (agosto de 2018): 15209. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.15209abstract.

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44

Eryener, Dogan y Hilmi Kuscu. "Hybrid transpired solar collector updraft tower". Solar Energy 159 (enero de 2018): 561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.11.035.

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45

Rubio, Lys Villalba, Juan Chacón Gragera y Manuel Domínguez Fernández. "Collective Intelligences: The Future is Hybrid". Architectural Design 88, n.º 5 (septiembre de 2018): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ad.2344.

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46

Singh, Tikshan y Arvind Dhingra. "Photo-Voltaic/Thermal Hybrid Solar Collector". Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C 102, n.º 5 (28 de julio de 2021): 1267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40032-021-00727-2.

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47

Chen, Honglin, Shawn A. Mehlenbacher y David C. Smith. "Hazelnut Accessions Provide New Sources of Resistance to Eastern Filbert Blight". HortScience 42, n.º 3 (junio de 2007): 466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.42.3.466.

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A diverse collection of 58 hazelnut accessions, including Corylus avellana L. and interspecific hybrids, were evaluated for their response to the eastern filbert blight pathogen Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller after greenhouse inoculation. Evaluations were made using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and visual inspection. Forty-five of these became infected, 12 remained free of infection, and one gave inconclusive results. The 12 accessions showing complete resistance were European hazelnuts ‘Culpla’ from Spain and CCOR 187 from Finland; C. americana × C. avellana hybrids ‘G081S’, CCOR 506, and Weschcke selections TP1, TP2 and TP3; C. colurna × C. avellana hybrids Chinese Trazels Gellatly #6 and #11; Turkish Trazel Gellatly #3 and backcross hybrid ‘Lisa’; and C. heterophylla var. sutchuensis × C. avellana hybrid ‘Estrella #1’. In a second test, exposure of potted trees under structures topped with diseased wood confirmed the complete resistance of ‘Santiam’, four pollinizers, and ‘Ratoli’. However, a few small cankers were observed on ‘Closca Molla’ from Spain and OSU 729.012, with resistance from C. californica (A.DC.) Rose, in contrast to the results of earlier greenhouse inoculations.

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48

Krnjaja, V., J. Levic, S. Stankovic, Z. Bijelic, V. Mandic y Lj Stojanovic. "Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage". Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, n.º 3 (2011): 1235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1103235k.

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Grain samples of two maize hybrids, medium early (ZP434) and late maturity (ZP704), collected during harvest in 2008 were investigated for contamination by fungi. Grains were plated on agar media and grown fungi were identified by morphological macroscopic and microscopic characteristics on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) and synthetic nutrient agar (SNA). Species of the genus Fusarium were the most common in both hybrids, and their presence amounted to 33.89% (ZP434) and 42% (ZP704). Other fungi of genera, Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichotecium, were isolated from 0 to 41%. Four species belonging to the genus Fusarium were identified, of which the species F. verticillioides was the most common with 28.63% in ZP434 and 30.5% in ZP704 hybrids. The presence of F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans ranged from 3% (ZP704) to 5% (ZP434), 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704) and 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704), respectively. Generally, the incidence of every particular fungus was higher in the late maize hybrid with a higher moisture content than in the medium-early hybrid with a lower moisture content.

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49

SCHMIDT, ROBERT E. y ROBERT A. DANIELS. "Hybridization in Umbridae in the Hudson River, New York, with Designation of Neotypes for Umbra limi and Umbra pygmaea". Zootaxa 1113, n.º 1 (24 de enero de 2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1113.1.1.

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We document the occurrence of a natural hybrid between the Eastern Mudminnow, Umbra pygmaea (DeKay 1842) and the Central Mudminnow, U. limi (Kirtland 1840). Hybrid individuals were collected in a supratidal pool in a fresh-tidal marsh in the Hudson River, New York. ANOVA, ANCOVA, principal components analysis, and discriminant function analysis of meristics and morphometrics showed that the hybrids were distinguishable from the parental species and were generally intermediate between them. The tidal Hudson River is the only place these species are sympatric, and hybridization must have occurred within the last several decades. We designate neotypes for Umbra pygmaea and Umbra limi.

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Ali, Akhter, AbduRahman Beshir Issa y Dil Bahadur Rahut. "Adoption and Impact of the Maize Hybrid on the Livelihood of the Maize Growers: Some Policy Insights from Pakistan". Scientifica 2020 (1 de febrero de 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5959868.

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Despite hybrids being grown on 30–40 percent of the maize area in Pakistan, the retail price of hybrid maize seed is high in Pakistan compared with its neighbors in South Asia and beyond. Hence, this paper analyzes the adoption and impact of hybrid maize on livelihoods using a cross-sectional dataset collected from 822 maize growers in Pakistan. The data were collected from two types of farmers: adopters and nonadopters of hybrid maize, from four major provinces of Pakistan (Punjab, Sindh, KPK, and Balochistan). We use the bivariate probit to analyze the factors influencing the adoption of hybrid maize and the propensity score-matching (PSM) approach to analyze the impact of hybrid maize adoption on livelihood of maize growers, as PSM helps correct sample selection biasedness. The empirical result shows that farm size, farm and household assets, the level of education of farmers, access to market, and social networks positively influence the adoption of hybrid maize in Pakistan. The results from PSM revealed that hybrid maize adopters had higher grain yields in the range of 94–124 kgs per hectare as compared with nonadopters. Similarly household income levels were more in the range of Pakistani rupees 2,176–3,518, while the poverty levels were lower in the range of 2-3 percent for hybrid maize adopters. As hybrid maize adoption has had a positive impact on the livelihood of farmers, policies should aim to scale up the adoption of hybrid maize through enhancing the supply and lowering the seed cost through research and subsidy programs, thereby enabling poor farmers in remote areas to adopt hybrid maize varieties.

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