Bibliografías temáticas / Human trunk

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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Human trunk"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 20 de febrero de 2023

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Human trunk"

1

Stelmakh, G. Ya. "The Role of Sympathetic Trunks in the Innervation of the Posterior Mediastinum Blood Vessels in Human Fetuses". Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 7, n.º 3 (2 de julio de 2022): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs07.03.073.

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The purpose of the study was to establish patterns of variation of the branches of the right and left sympathetic trunks in the thoracic aorta azygos and hemiazygos veins during the fetal period of human ontogenesis. Materials and methods. An anatomical study was performed on 47 human fetuses using macromicroscopic preparation of neurovascular branches under the control of binocular magnifier, vascular injection, application contrasting of prepared vessels and nerves, making 3D reconstruction models of the posterior mediastinum structures and morphometry. Results. The anatomical variability of nodes and branches of the thoracic right and left sympathetic trunks involved in the innervation of the thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins has been established in the human fetuses of different age groups. The segmental-metameric distribution of the visceral branches of the thoracic sympathetic trunk was revealed, as well as the preservation of the segmental sympathetic innervation of the thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins both on the left and on the right. Despite the significant progress in the study of morphological features of innervation of posterior mediastinum organs and structures, the active development of fetal surgery in recent years raises a number of questions related to the sources of sympathetic innervation of the thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins. Conclusion. The sources of innervation of the thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins in human fetuses are: thoracic nodes and internodal branches of the right and left sympathetic trunks; large visceral nerves; branches of the esophageal, pulmonary and cardiac plexuses; vagosympathetic trunks; collateral trunk. The number of branches to the thoracic aorta from the left sympathetic trunk is 4-16, and from the right sympathetic trunk – 3-14. The largest number of branches that enter the wall of the thoracic aorta, from the left sympathetic trunk skeletotopically determined at the level of III-VI thoracic segments, and from the right sympathetic trunk – at the level of IV-VI thoracic segments. Different skeletotopic levels of the branches of the right and left large visceral nerves are involved in the innervation of the thoracic aorta – from V to X thoracic segments. It is noted that the right and left sympathetic trunks are almost equally involved in the innervation of the azygos and hemiazygos veins. The number of sympathetic branches to the azygos vein ranges from 4 to 7, and the number of sympathetic branches to the hemiazygos vein is usually 2-4
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2

Kahilogullari, Gokmen, Hasan Caglar Ugur, Ayhan Comert, Ibrahim Tekdemir y Yucel Kanpolat. "The branching pattern of the middle cerebral artery: is the intermediate trunk real or not? An anatomical study correlating with simple angiography". Journal of Neurosurgery 116, n.º 5 (mayo de 2012): 1024–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.1.jns111013.

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Object The branching structure of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) remains a debated issue. In this study the authors aimed to describe this branching structure in detail. Methods Twenty-seven fresh, human brains (54 hemispheres) obtained from routine autopsies were used. The cerebral arteries were first filled with colored latex and contrast agent, followed by fixation with formaldehyde. All dissections were done under a microscope. During examination, the trunk structures of the MCA and their relations with cortical branches were demonstrated. Lateral radiographs of the same hemispheres were then obtained and comparisons were made. Angles between the MCA trunks were measured on 3D CT cerebral angiography images in 25 patients (50 hemispheres), and their correlations with the angles obtained in the cadaver brains were evaluated. Results A new classification was made in relation to the terminology of the intermediate trunk, which is still a subject of debate. The intermediate trunk was present in 61% of cadavers and originated from a superior trunk in 55% and from an inferior trunk in 45%. Cortical branches supplying the motor cortex (precentral, central, and postcentral arteries) significantly originated from the intermediate trunk, and the diameter of the intermediate trunk significantly increased when it originated from the superior trunk. In measurements of the angles between the superior and intermediate trunks, it was found that the intermediate trunk had significant dominance in supplying the motor cortex as the angle increased. The intermediate trunk was classified into 3 types based on the angle values and the distance to the bifurcation point as Group A (pseudotrifurcation type), Group B (proximal type), and Group C (distal type). Group A trunks were seemingly closer to the trifurcation structure that has been reported on in the literature and was seen in 15%. Group B trunks were the most common type (55%), and Group C trunks were characterized as the farthest from the bifurcation point. Group C trunks also had the smallest diameter and fewest cortical branches. Similarities were found between the angles in cadaver specimens and on 3D CT cerebral angiography images. Beyond the separation point of the MCA, trunk structures always included the superior trunk and inferior trunk, and sometimes the intermediate trunk. Conclusions Interrelations of these vascular structures and their influences on the cortical branches originating from them are clinically important. The information presented in this study will ensure reliable diagnostic approaches and safer surgical interventions, particularly with MCA selective angiography.
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3

Marras, William S. y Garya Mirka. "Trunk Strength during Asymmetric Trunk Motion". Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 31, n.º 6 (diciembre de 1989): 667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872088903100603.

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It is important to understand how trunk strength varies as a function of workplace factors so that the work environment can be designed to minimize the risk of low back injury. In this study maximal trunk torque production around the lumbosacral junction was measured in 44 subjects as trunk concentric and eccentric isokinetic velocity and trunk asymmetric line of action were varied. Trunk torque decreased by approximately 8.5% of maximum for every 15 deg of asymmetric trunk angle. Increases in concentric velocity decreased trunk strength, whereas increases in eccentric trunk velocity increased strength. Significant interactions were also found, and it was determined that the common finding that eccentric strength exceeds concentric strength is true only for forward trunk angles at all asymmetric angles. These results should have significant implications for the design of manual materials handling tasks.
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Kim, Kyungsoo, Yoon Hyuk Kim y SuKyoung Lee. "General Computational Model for Human Musculoskeletal System of Spine". Journal of Applied Mathematics 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/484759.

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A general computational model of the human lumbar spine and trunk muscles including optimization formulations was provided. For a given condition, the trunk muscle forces could be predicted considering the human physiology including the follower load concept. The feasibility of the solution could be indirectly validated by comparing the compressive force, the shear force, and the joint moment. The presented general computational model and optimization technology can be fundamental tools to understand the control principle of human trunk muscles.
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Uysal, İsmihan İlknur, Muzaffer Şeker, Ahmet Kağan Karabulut, Mustafa Büyükmumcu y Taner Ziylan. "Brachial Plexus Variations in Human Fetuses". Neurosurgery 53, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2003): 676–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000079485.24016.70.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE We examined the anatomic variations of the brachial plexus (BP) in human fetuses. METHODS This study was performed with 200 BPs from spontaneously aborted fetuses without detectable malformations. The plexuses were dissected, and the normal position and/or morphological variations of the BP were determined and photographed. RESULTS There were no variations in 93 plexuses, and 107 plexuses were observed to have different variations. Morphological variations were observed more frequently among female fetuses and right sides. The BPs were composed mostly of the C5, C6, C7, and C8 nerves and the T1 nerve (71.5%). A prefixed plexus was observed in 25.5% of cases, and a postfixed plexus was observed in 2.5% of cases. In one case (0.5%), the C4 and T2 nerves joined the formation. The inferior trunk was not formed in 9% of cases. The superior trunk was not formed in 1% of cases. In one plexus, the superior trunk was formed by the ventral rami of the C4 and C5 nerves. In one case, the inferior trunk was formed by the ventral rami of the T1 and T2 nerves. Division variations were observed most frequently. There were also variations in the terminal branches, such as the roots of the median nerve joining in the distal part of the arm (8.5%), the axillary nerve being separate from the posterior division of the superior trunk (2.5%), and a connection existing between the median and musculocutaneous nerves (1%). CONCLUSION Knowledge of BP variations is important for surgeons who perform surgical procedures in the cervical and axillary regions.
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Alexandrov, Alexei, Alexander Frolov y J. Massion. "Axial synergies during human upper trunk bending". Experimental Brain Research 118, n.º 2 (19 de enero de 1998): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050274.

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Faustino Martins, Jorge-Miguel, Cornelius Fischer, Alessia Urzi, Ramon Vidal, Severine Kunz, Pierre-Louis Ruffault, Loreen Kabuss et al. "Self-Organizing 3D Human Trunk Neuromuscular Organoids". Cell Stem Cell 26, n.º 2 (febrero de 2020): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.007.

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Faustino Martins, Jorge-Miguel, Cornelius Fischer, Alessia Urzi, Ramon Vidal, Severine Kunz, Pierre-Louis Ruffault, Loreen Kabuss et al. "Self-Organizing 3D Human Trunk Neuromuscular Organoids". Cell Stem Cell 27, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2020): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2020.08.011.

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ASHTON-MILLER, JAMES A. y ALBERT B. SCHULTZ. "Biomechanics of the Human Spine and Trunk". Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews 16 (1988): 169???204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00003677-198800160-00008.

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Astik, Rajesh y Urvi Dave. "Variations in branching pattern of the axillary artery: a study in 40 human cadavers". Jornal Vascular Brasileiro 11, n.º 1 (marzo de 2012): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-54492012000100003.

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BACKGROUND: Variations in the branching pattern of the axillary artery are a rule rather than an exception. The knowledge of these variations is of anatomical, radiological, and surgical interest to explain unexpected clinical signs and symptoms. OBJECTIVE: The large percentage of variations in branching pattern of axillary artery is making it worthwhile to take any anomaly into consideration. The type and frequency of these vascular variations should be well understood and documented, as increasing performance of coronary artery bypass surgery and other cardiovascular surgical procedures. The objective of this study is to observe variations in axillary artery branches in human cadavers. METHODS: We dissected 80 limbs of 40 human adult embalmed cadavers of Asian origin and we have studied the branching patterns of the axillary artery. RESULTS: We found variations in branching pattern of axillary artery in 62.5% of the limbs. Anatomical variations included: origin of lateral thoracic artery from the subscapular artery; absent thoracoacromial trunk and all its branches arose directly from the second part of the axillary artery; division of thoracoacromial trunk into deltoacromial and clavipectoral trunks, which were divided into all branches of thoracoacromial trunk; origin of subscapular, anterior circumflex humeral, posterior circumflex humeral and profunda brachii arteries from a common trunk from the third part of the axillary artery; and origin of posterior circumflex humeral artery from brachial artery in addition to third part of the axillary artery. CONCLUSIONS: The study was carried out to show important variations in the branching pattern of axillary artery, in order to orient the surgeons performing angiography, coronary bypass, and flaps in reconstructive surgeries.
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Tesis sobre el tema "Human trunk"

1

Beith, Iain David. "Reflex control of human trunk muscles". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397953.

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Zedka, Milan. "Activity of human trunk muscles with and without back pain". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34860.pdf.

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Andrada, Emanuel. "A new model of the human trunk mechanics in walking". Ilmenau Univ.-Verl, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:ilm1-2007000262.

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Huang, Qiang-Min. "Asymmetric lateral loading of the human trunk : biomechanics and motor control /". Stockholm, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-628-4715-5/.

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Andrada, Emanuel [Verfasser]. "A new model of the human trunk mechanics in walking / von Emanuel Andrada". Ilmenau : Univ.-Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/987953591/34.

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Heitkamp, Lauren. "The Role of the Gluteus Maximus on Trunk Stability in Human Endurance Running". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1460446576.

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Swain, Ryan C. "Stability and control of a two-link inverrted pendulum system with application to human trunk movement during walking". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0007/MQ41636.pdf.

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Thomas, Hilary Susan Clarke. "Colonisation and succession along a South Wales trunk road : variation and change in relation to natural and human factors". Thesis, Cardiff University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246207.

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Kavanagh, Justin y n/a. "Dynamic Stability of the Upper Body During Walking". Griffith University. School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070219.172055.

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The general purpose of this study was to examine factors that may influence acceleration characteristics of the upper body during walking, thereby clarifying the means by which the postural system facilitates dynamic stability of the upper body during walking. Upper body accelerations were measured during a range of straight-line walking tasks. Time domain, frequency domain, signal regularity and coupling analyses were used to 1) provide new insight into gait-related upper body accelerations during walking in normal healthy adults, and 2) determine how the postural system accommodates to perturbations that challenge upper body stability during walking. The specific perturbations to the postural system that were examined in the present study were the normal ageing process, changes in walking speed, and fatigue of the cervical and lumbar erector spinae. In general, the patterns of accelerations measured at the level of the head were an attenuated version of those at the lower trunk during normal walking. Power spectral analysis revealed that both the head and lower trunk in the anterior-posterior (AP) and vertical directions (VT) directions were characterised by a single peak frequency corresponding the step frequency during normal walking. However, the most notable of all attenuation profiles was the difference between accelerations of the head and lower trunk in the mediolateral (ML) direction. ML trunk accelerations were characterised by multiple low amplitude frequency peaks, which were attenuated to a single peak at the head corresponding to stride frequency. The coupling between acceleration directions was greater for the head than the lower trunk, suggesting that the postural system promotes a coordination strategy which enhances global stability of the head. Subdividing the upper body into neck and trunk segments facilitated a more comprehensive description how the gait-related oscillations are prevented from impacting on the motion of the head. Overall, acceleration amplitude, power content, and regularity were predominantly regulated by the trunk segment, especially for the AP and ML directions. This suggests that the trunk segment plays a critical role in modulating the amplitude and structure of gait-related oscillations prior to reaching the neck segment and thus the head. It was envisaged that examining factors that may challenge the individual (the normal ageing process), and the walking task (changes in walking speed, and induced fatigue of the upper body), would provide new insight into the extent to which the postural system prioritises head stability during walking. Regardless of the challenges imposed on the postural system due to the ageing process, upper body movement was organised in a manner which assisted in maintaining a degree of head stability comparable to those observed under normal walking conditions. Similarly, the importance that the postural system places on maintaining head stability was evident in the attenuation characteristics of the trunk and neck segments when walking speed was manipulated, and neuromuscular fatigue induced. Manipulating walking speed highlighted the critical role that the trunk segment has in regulating upper body accelerations arising from gait-related events. Aside from a minor contribution from the neck segment in the direction of travel at preferred and fast walking speeds, regulation of accelerations occurred due to the dynamics of the trunk segment. Inducing neuromuscular fatigue of the cervical and lumbar erector spinae groups (CES and LES) revealed compensatory movement strategies of the upper body, with a view of enhancing head stability. For several variables quantifying attenuation, fatiguing one muscle group, such as the CES, resulted in changes in the dynamics of another level of the upper body, such as the trunk segment. The trunk segment was particularly dominant in regulating upper body accelerations under fatigued conditions, further reinforcing the importance to control accelerations prior to reaching the neck and head. Overall, the results of this study suggest that optimal head stability is reliant on the trunk segment providing a stable base of support for the neck and head. By regulating accelerations via the trunk segment, the postural system is effectively regulating the orientation of the neck and head, and the inclusive sensory organs. It was evident that the postural system prioritises, and in general, maintains head stability during walking despite challenges imposed on upper body stability.
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Kavanagh, Justin. "Dynamic Stability of the Upper Body During Walking". Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365494.

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The general purpose of this study was to examine factors that may influence acceleration characteristics of the upper body during walking, thereby clarifying the means by which the postural system facilitates dynamic stability of the upper body during walking. Upper body accelerations were measured during a range of straight-line walking tasks. Time domain, frequency domain, signal regularity and coupling analyses were used to 1) provide new insight into gait-related upper body accelerations during walking in normal healthy adults, and 2) determine how the postural system accommodates to perturbations that challenge upper body stability during walking. The specific perturbations to the postural system that were examined in the present study were the normal ageing process, changes in walking speed, and fatigue of the cervical and lumbar erector spinae. In general, the patterns of accelerations measured at the level of the head were an attenuated version of those at the lower trunk during normal walking. Power spectral analysis revealed that both the head and lower trunk in the anterior-posterior (AP) and vertical directions (VT) directions were characterised by a single peak frequency corresponding the step frequency during normal walking. However, the most notable of all attenuation profiles was the difference between accelerations of the head and lower trunk in the mediolateral (ML) direction. ML trunk accelerations were characterised by multiple low amplitude frequency peaks, which were attenuated to a single peak at the head corresponding to stride frequency. The coupling between acceleration directions was greater for the head than the lower trunk, suggesting that the postural system promotes a coordination strategy which enhances global stability of the head. Subdividing the upper body into neck and trunk segments facilitated a more comprehensive description how the gait-related oscillations are prevented from impacting on the motion of the head. Overall, acceleration amplitude, power content, and regularity were predominantly regulated by the trunk segment, especially for the AP and ML directions. This suggests that the trunk segment plays a critical role in modulating the amplitude and structure of gait-related oscillations prior to reaching the neck segment and thus the head. It was envisaged that examining factors that may challenge the individual (the normal ageing process), and the walking task (changes in walking speed, and induced fatigue of the upper body), would provide new insight into the extent to which the postural system prioritises head stability during walking. Regardless of the challenges imposed on the postural system due to the ageing process, upper body movement was organised in a manner which assisted in maintaining a degree of head stability comparable to those observed under normal walking conditions. Similarly, the importance that the postural system places on maintaining head stability was evident in the attenuation characteristics of the trunk and neck segments when walking speed was manipulated, and neuromuscular fatigue induced. Manipulating walking speed highlighted the critical role that the trunk segment has in regulating upper body accelerations arising from gait-related events. Aside from a minor contribution from the neck segment in the direction of travel at preferred and fast walking speeds, regulation of accelerations occurred due to the dynamics of the trunk segment. Inducing neuromuscular fatigue of the cervical and lumbar erector spinae groups (CES and LES) revealed compensatory movement strategies of the upper body, with a view of enhancing head stability. For several variables quantifying attenuation, fatiguing one muscle group, such as the CES, resulted in changes in the dynamics of another level of the upper body, such as the trunk segment. The trunk segment was particularly dominant in regulating upper body accelerations under fatigued conditions, further reinforcing the importance to control accelerations prior to reaching the neck and head. Overall, the results of this study suggest that optimal head stability is reliant on the trunk segment providing a stable base of support for the neck and head. By regulating accelerations via the trunk segment, the postural system is effectively regulating the orientation of the neck and head, and the inclusive sensory organs. It was evident that the postural system prioritises, and in general, maintains head stability during walking despite challenges imposed on upper body stability.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science
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Libros sobre el tema "Human trunk"

1

Bauer, Marion Dane. If you had a nose like an elephant's trunk. New York: Holiday House, 2001.

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Ltd, Fiander Good Associates. Atlantic Provinces Trucking Association human resource study of supply and demand of truck drivers: Background resource document. Fredericton, N.B: Atlantic Provinces Trucking Association, 1988.

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Pape, Douglas B. Role of human factors in preventing cargo tank truck rollovers. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2012.

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Pape, Douglas B., S. Robert Fredman, Daniel C. Murray, Micah Lueck, Mark D. Abkowitz y James Fleming. Role of Human Factors in Preventing Cargo Tank Truck Rollovers. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/22741.

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PhD, Robert D. Acland. Acland's DVD Atlas of Human Anatomy, DVD 3: The Trunk. LWW, 2003.

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Editor), R. Putz (Collaborator, R. Pabst (Editor) y S. Bedoui (Translator), eds. Sobotta Atlas of Human Anatomy: Trunk, Viscera, Lower Limb (Atlas of Human Anatomy (Sobotta)). Churchill Livingstone, 2006.

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Tixa, Serge. Atlas of Palpatory Anatomy of Limbs and Trunk (Netter Basic Science). Saunders, 2003.

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Atlas of Surface Palpation: Anatomy of the Neck, Trunk, Upper and Lower Limbs. Elsevier - Health Sciences Division, 2015.

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Acland, Robert D. Acland's DVD Atlas of Human Anatomy, DVD 3: The Trunk: Disc 3. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003.

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Atlas Of Surface Palpation Anatomy Of The Neck Trunk Upper And Lower Limbs. Churchill Livingstone, 2008.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Human trunk"

1

Needham, Robert, Aoife Healy y Nachiappan Chockalingam. "Trunk and Spine Models for Instrumented Gait Analysis". En Handbook of Human Motion, 571–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14418-4_29.

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Needham, Robert, Aoife Healy y Nachiappan Chockalingam. "Trunk and Spine Models for Instrumented Gait Analysis". En Handbook of Human Motion, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30808-1_29-1.

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Steding, Gerd. "4.3 The Great Vessels of the Trunk". En The Anatomy of the Human Embryo, 318–31. Basel: KARGER, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000160979.

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Roby-Brami, Agnàes, Mounir Mokhtari, Isabelle Laffont, Nezha Bennis y Elena Biryukova. "Analysis of Trunk and Upper Limb Articular Synergies". En Gesture-Based Communication in Human-Computer Interaction, 53–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46616-9_5.

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Funatomi, Takuya, Masaaki Iiyama, Koh Kakusho y Michihiko Minoh. "3D Shape Reconstruction of Trunk Swaying Human Body Segments". En Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects, 100–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11789239_11.

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Promayon, Emmanuel, Pierre Baconnier y Claude Puech. "Physically-based model for simulating the human trunk respiration movements". En Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 379–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0029259.

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Jamšek, Marko y Jan Babič. "Human Trunk Stabilization with Hip Exoskeleton for Enhanced Postural Control". En Biosystems & Biorobotics, 450–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01887-0_87.

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Panero, Elisa, Giovanni Gerardo Muscolo, Stefano Pastorelli y Laura Gastaldi. "Model Based Analysis of Trunk Exoskeleton for Human Efforts Reduction". En Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics, 410–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19648-6_47.

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Gonçalves, Helena R., Rui Moreira, Ana Rodrigues, Graça Minas, Luís Paulo Reis y Cristina P. Santos. "Real-Time Tool for Human Gait Detection from Lower Trunk Acceleration". En Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 9–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77700-9_2.

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Panero, Elisa, Giovanni Gerardo Muscolo, Stefano Pastorelli y Laura Gastaldi. "Influence of hinge positioning on human joint torque in industrial trunk exoskeleton". En Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science, 133–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20131-9_14.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Human trunk"

1

Conceição, Eusébio, João Gomes, Maria Manuela Lúcio, Domingos Viegas y Teresa Viegas. "Heat Transfer in a Pine Tree Trunk". En 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002775.

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This article presents a numerical study on the heat and mass transfer in a pine trunk under the effect of a forest fire. The numerical model of the pine trunk is based on energy balance integral and differential equations. The virtual trunk geometry was developed using grid generation. The radiation heat exchanges are evaluated between the pine trunk and the plan surface of the front fire. These radiative exchanges are evaluated using view factors considering the grid generation in the tree and front fire. A fire front propagation at a constant fire spread rate of 0.01 m/s and a flame temperature of 500ºC were considered in this study. The field temperature evolution in the external surface and inside the pine trunk was obtained considering wind speed fluctuations with three different frequencies. In general, pine trunk temperatures increase with decreasing frequency of wind speed fluctuations.
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Azghani, M. R., F. Farahmand, A. Meghdari, F. Hakkak y M. Parnianpour. "Controllability and Maintenance of Human Trunk Response Surface for Isometric Extension Strength". En ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24313.

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From an ergonomic point of view, quantitative assessment of the feasibility of the task performance is an intricate process, which combines the multidimensional task demand profile with the individual’s multidimensional performance capacity profile. Trunk muscle strength is affected by the trunk posture but it is not clear how the variability of trunk muscle is affected by the trunk posture or exertion level. A validated triaxial dynamometer, Sharif-LIST, was used for to model the surface response of trunk muscle extension strength variability as a function of trunk posture in the sagittal, coronal and transverse planes in standing position. Fifteen healthy males with no history of low back pain in the previous year participated in this study. A full factorial method was used to design the experiments to fit a second-order model of response surface method (RSM) with block effect (BE). For the first time in the literature, the results of this study indicate that the quadratic RSM model is suitable to represent the trunk extension strength variability in terms of its coefficient of variation (CV) and standard deviation (SD) of maximum trunk torque as a function of trunk posture in coronal and sagittal planes (R2 = 0.6, p<0.5). These results showed that in the positions with higher trunk strength values, the higher standard deviation and lower coefficient of variation were observed which is consistent with previous findings.
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Seára Tirloni, Adriana, Diogo Cunha dos Reis, Marcelo Soares y Antônio Renato Pereira Moro. "Influence of the school furniture design on the body posture of college students". En Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference (2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001250.

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This study examined the perceptions of college students regarding body posture (trunk inclination) adopted while using chair with tablet arm and their preference for two chair models (with and without armrest), and also the associations between these variables and sex, age, course shift and school furniture design. Overall, 420 students aged 22.4 ± 5.0 years of different courses and shifts participated in the study. A questionnaire containing identification data and questions about students' perceptions regarding the trunk position leaned over the tablet arm and their preference for the existence of chair armrest was used. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test (p < 0.05) were used. It was found that 63.6% of students mentioned staying more than half the time of a class with trunk leaned over the tablet arm and 67.9% would like to have chair armrest at the opposite side of the tablet arm. There was association between body posture and sex (p = 0.003), in which women mentioned leaning more the trunk laterally and/or anteriorly than men and with the current school furniture design (p = 0.003), i.e., chair without armrest, the proportion of students who leaned the trunk over the tablet arm was greater.
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Plotkowski, Alex y Nael Barakat. "A New Device to Quantify Human Trunk-Control Measurements". En ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37276.

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When helping in the rehabilitation of stroke and head trauma patients, physical therapists often find a need to measure the patient’s control of the muscles in their torso. This is called trunk control. Currently, there are two options for the measurement of trunk control. The first is qualitative analysis by the physical therapist, and the second is large, expensive equipment that measures the patient’s balance. The goal of this project was to create a low cost, quantitative means of measuring trunk control. The device used accelerometers placed on the back of the patient’s neck to measure the angle of the patient’s torso from vertical, as compared to acceleration due to gravity, in both left to right and forward to backward directions. The data taken from the accelerometers is stored on a micro-SD card, which is then inserted into a personal computer and analyzed using software built in the lab. The software produces a graphical representation of the data and displays useful calculations. During the course of the project, careful consideration had to be taken to stay within the bounds of professional ethics from a biomedical point of view. This included restricting the testing of the device and taking patient safety as a primary consideration during the entirety of the design process. Future iterations of the device will include technical and aesthetic improvements based on feedback from a group of physical therapy students who are currently testing the quality of the device’s measurements as well as its integration into a clinical setting. Additionally, a group of business students are constructing a business plan for the marketing and sales of this product.
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Bao, Xuefeng, Aidan R. Friederich, Musa L. Audu y Ronald J. Triolo. "An Integrated Control System for Optimal Human Trunk Motion". En 2020 8th IEEE RAS/EMBS International Conference for Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/biorob49111.2020.9224363.

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Saggio, Giovanni y Laura Sbernini. "New scenarios in human trunk posture measurements for clinical applications". En 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memea.2011.5966651.

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Myers, Jerry G., M. Ojha, K. Wayne Johnston y C. Ross Ethier. "Branch Flow Effects in the Human Right Coronary Artery Trunk". En ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2614.

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Abstract Formation of atherosclerotic plaque in the human right coronary artery (RCA) has, in part, been linked to local hemodynamic factors (Ojha et al., 2000). Thus, there is considerable motivation to accurately characterize hemodynamic patterns in the RCA. Patient-specific geometric characteristics, such as curvature and arterial calibre, have been shown to significantly affect velocity and wall shear stress (WSS) patterns within the RCA trunk (Myers et al., 2000). However it is unclear how flow into arterial branches influences these hemodynamic patterns. In investigating this factor, we computed velocity and WSS distributions in a realistic model of a human right coronary artery (RCA) that included four branches.
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Bhattacharjee, Tapomayukh, Yonghwan Oh, Ji-Hun Bae y Sang-Rok Oh. "Controlling redundant robot arm-trunk systems for human-like reaching motion". En 2010 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2010.5652793.

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Sakai, Kurima, Takashi Minato, Carlos T. Ishi y Hiroshi Ishiguro. "Speech driven trunk motion generating system based on physical constraint". En 2016 25th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/roman.2016.7745136.

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Fitriati, Ulfa, Lailan Ni’mah y Agus Suryani. "River water filtration with fresh coconut trunk". En HUMAN-DEDICATED SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT AND PROCESS DESIGN: MATERIALS, RESOURCES, AND ENERGY: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Engineering, Technology, and Industrial Application (ICETIA) 2017. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5043009.

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Informes sobre el tema "Human trunk"

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Al-Qadi, Imad, Egemen Okte, Aravind Ramakrishnan, Qingwen Zhou y Watheq Sayeh. Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois. Illinois Center for Transportation, mayo de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-010.

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Truck platoons have many benefits over traditional truck mobility. Truck platoons have the potential to improve safety and reduce fuel consumption between 5% and 15%, based on platoon configuration. In Illinois, trucks carry more than 50% of freight tonnage and constitute 25% of the traffic on interstates. Therefore, expected fuel savings would be significant for trucks. Deployment of truck platoons within interstate highways may have a direct effect on flexible pavement performance, as the time between consecutive axle loads (i.e., resting time) is expected to decrease significantly. Moreover, platoons could potentially accelerate pavement damage accumulation due to trucks’ channelized position, decreasing pavement service life and increasing maintenance and rehabilitation costs. The main objective of this project was to quantify the effects of truck platoons on pavements and to provide guidelines to control corresponding potential pavement damage. Finite-element models were utilized to quantify the impact of rest period on pavement damage. Recovered and accumulated strains were predicted by fitting exponential functions to the calculated strain profiles. The results suggested that strain accumulation was negligible at a truck spacing greater that 10 ft. A new methodology to control pavement damage due to truck platoons was introduced. The method optimizes trucks’ lateral positions on the pavements, and an increase in pavement service life could be achieved if all platoons follow this optimization method. Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis were conducted for fully autonomous, human-driven, and mixed-traffic regimes. For example, for an analysis period of 45 years, channelized truck platoons could save life cycle costs and environmental impacts by 28% and 21% compared with human-driven trucks, respectively. Furthermore, optimum truck platoon configuration could reduce life cycle costs and environmental impacts by 48% and 36%, respectively, compared with human-driven trucks. In contrast, channelized traffic could increase pavement roughness, increasing fuel consumption by 15%, even though platooning vehicles still benefit from reduction in air drag forces. Given that truck platoons are expected to be connected only in the first phase, no actions are required by the agency. However, in the second phase when truck platoons are also expected to be autonomous, a protocol for driving trends should be established per the recommendation of this study.
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Muelaner, Jody, ed. Unsettled Issues in Commercial Vehicle Platooning. SAE International, noviembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021027.

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Platooning has the potential to reduce the energy consumption of commercial vehicles while improving safety; however, both advantages are currently difficult to quantify due to insufficient data and the wide range of variables affecting models. Platooning will significantly reduce the use of energy when compared to trucks driven alone, or at a safe distance for a driver without any automated assistance. Platooning will also reduce stopping distances—multiple states in the US have passed laws authorizing truck platoons to operate at shorter gaps than are authorized for normal, human-driven trucks. However, drivers typically do not currently leave the recommended gaps and, therefore, already gain much of the potential energy savings by drafting lead vehicles, albeit illegally. The automated systems associated with platooning cannot be programmed to flout safety recommendations in the way that human drivers routinely do. Therefore, actual energy savings may be minimal while safety may be greatly improved. More data will be needed to conclusively demonstrate a safety gain. Recommended safe gaps are currently highly generalized and must necessarily assume worst-case braking performance. Using a combination of condition monitoring and vehicle-to-vehicle communications, platooning systems will be able to account for the braking performance of other vehicles within the platoon. If all the vehicles in a platoon have a high level of braking performance, the platoon will be able to operate in a more efficient, tighter formation. Driver acceptance of platooning technology will increase as the systems become more effective and do not displace jobs. The increased loading of infrastructure must also be considered, and there may be requirements for upgrades on bridges or restrictions on platooning operation.
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Overview of Sanitation Workers Programme in Trichy. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/tnussposwpt0603.2021.

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The Indian Institute for Human Settlements and its partners along with the Trichy City Corporation have collaborated to improve the health, occupational safety and livelihoods of sanitation workers. The Tamil Nadu Urban Sanitation Support Programme has identified and engaged with different types of sanitation workers employed in urban areas such as Urban Local Body-managed workers, school toilet cleaners, public and community toilet cleaners, independent cleaners as daily wage workers, desludging truck operators and cleaners, privately managed solid waste workers, rag-pickers, and railway cleaners. The initiatives undertaken integrate multiple social, engineering, and behavioural aspects that focus on improving the living and working conditions of this vulnerable section of society. This note provides an overview of the initiatives.
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