Tesis sobre el tema "HIV/Hepatitis C"
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Mohsen, Abdul Hadi. "The epidemiology of hepatitis C and HCV-HIV coinfection". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424448.
Texto completoFalconer, Karolin. "HIV-1/HCV co-infection immunity and viral dynamics /". Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-762-7/.
Texto completoYuen, King-tai y 袁敬弟. "A study of pharmacogenomics for therapeutic and prognostic guidance towards hepatitis C virus (HCV) for patients co-infected with HIV". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193555.
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Medical Sciences
Master
Master of Medical Sciences
Fialho, Renata. "Neuropsychiatric manifestations of hepatitis C treatment in HIV/HCV co-infection". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/71260/.
Texto completoBertol, Bruna Cristina. "Expressão da molécula HLA-G e polimorfismos da região codificadora do gene HLA-G em pacientes infectados pelo vírus da hepatite C (HCV) apresentando ou não a coinfecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17147/tde-10012017-112046/.
Texto completoHepatitis C, caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), affects millions of people worldwide. The transmission of HCV is similar to HIV, which explains the high prevalence of coinfection. HCV-HIV coinfected patients have higher rate of liver fibrosis progression and mortality when compared to HCV monoinfected patients. Thus, the study of genes and/or molecules that control the immune response is relevant. In the present study, we evaluated the role of human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G), a molecule known by its immunomodulatory activity, which is capable to inhibit T cell activation and cytotoxic activity of natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells, in addition to inducing the formation of regulatory T cells. We studied 216 HCV patients, 135 HIV-HCV coinfected patients and 152 uninfected individual. The variability of the HLA-G gene was evaluated by Sanger sequencing and the hepatic expression of the molecule by immunohistochemistry. The HLA-G expression was observed only in liver tissue of patients, mainly in hepatocytes. The increased HLA-G expression was associated with increased liver fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity in both groups of patients. The age greater than or equal to 40 years and the non-white skin color were also associated with increased hepatic expression of the molecule in the HCV patients. Other host factors analyzed as gender and HCV genotype were not associated with the level of HLA-G expression in the liver. The frequency of HLA-G*01:01:01:01 allele was increased in HCV patients and G*01:05N decreased in HCV-HIV coinfected patients, however, there was no significant association between the genetic variability of HLA-G and HLA-G liver expression. The present study contributes to expand the knowledge regarding the participation of HLA-G in chronic C hepatitis, associated or not with the HIV infection.
Souza, Rafael Leme Cardoso. "Avaliação tecnológica do teste molecular (NAT) para HIV, HCV e HBV na triagem de sangue no Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/99/99131/tde-09102018-090250/.
Texto completoAfter years of discussion, nucleic acid (NAT) testing in the blood screening for HIV and HCV was implemented in Brazil in 2013 and HBV in 2016. One of the reasons cited for the delay in its implementation was the high cost that would be added to serology screening and a comprehensive economic assessment of its efficiency in the country is not yet available. Several articles have already shown that the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of NAT versus serology ranges from 0.21 to 8.84 million American dollars (US$) for each QALY gained. This large variation is mainly due to differences between the mean age of the blood recipient, viruses\' incidence / prevalence among donor population, cost of medical tests and treatments, HBV vaccine coverage, and sensitivity of the test used. Thus, a comprehensive evaluation of this technology and its effectiveness under the perspective of the Brazilian public health system (SUS) is needed. Objectives: Development of a systematic review (RevS) of complete economic studies about the use of NAT for HIV, HCV and / or HBV in the world. Conduct an economic evaluation of NAT under SUS perspective; characterize Brazilian blood donations in the serology \"window period\". Methods: Cochrane RevS Methodology of the Medline, Embase, LILACS, CRD, CRD ECO, Google Scholar and IDEAS databases; Questionnaire applied to blood banks and online economic model from the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) to calculate the ICUR for \"NAT in mini-pool of six individual samples\" (MP6) versus \"Serology Tests\" (SR) in Brazil. Results: Fourteen studies from sixteen different countries were assessed. NAT was most relevant in low-income countries, where there are the highest prevalences and viral incidences, lower rates of repeat donors and younger recipients of blood (RS). Most of the studies concluded that NAT, regardless of the virus evaluated, is not cost-effective. Differences in the characteristics of the studies were related to the costs and age of RS. The major deviations from RevS standards were: not including the rationale for selecting the outcomes and the model used and not being clear about the authors\' conflict of interest; MP6 vs SR showed an ICUR of US$ 231.630,00/QALY, 26,2 times Brazilian GND per capita) and an ICER of US$ 330.790,00/Life year gained (AVG). The univariate sensitivity analysis of the model demonstrated that only changes on discount rate, NAT cost, RS age and viruses\' epidemiology significantly altered the ICUR in a range between US$ 76.957,00/QALY and US$ 933.311,00/QALY; Most RS window period cases in Brazil are young, average of 29 years old, male, with at least high school education completed and even with the requirement of Anti-HBc in Brazil, NAT-HBV is the one that presented the highest yield. Conclusions: Young people, mainly, still seek blood banks as testing sites, especially after a risk behavior. It is extremely important to reveal the real and complete cost of the Brazilian NAT to fully evaluate its efficiency and, if needed, reassess its current reimbursement model, allowing the wellbeing defense of the population and public interest.
Del-Rios, Nativa Helena Alves. "Estudo epidemiológico e molecular da infecção pelo vírus da Hepatite C em indivíduos infectados pelo vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana em Goiânia-Goiás". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7241.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are characterized by causing chronic infections in the host. The advent of potent antiretroviral therapy has resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of opportunist infections, and thus greater life expectancy for HIV positive patients. However, the liver disease appears as a major cause of morbidity and mortality among these patients, especially those related to hepatitis C virus. Co-infection with HCV/HIV induces a worse prognosis for both infections, which may lead to the development of AIDS, a faster rapid evolution to chronic active hepatitis and / or liver cirrhosis and death. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and molecular profile HCV infection in HIV-infected individuals with no prior antiretroviral therapy, seen in the referral hospital for the treatment of infectious diseases (Hospital for Tropical Diseases - Anuar Auad / HDT) in Goiania, Goiás. A total of 505 treatment naïve individuals and were referred to the HDT, from April 2009 to April 2010 were interviewed and underwent blood collection. All sera were tested for antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) and for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Genotyping was performed by reverse hybridization by the Line Probe Assay (LiPA) method. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 4.6% (95% CI: 3.0 to 6.8). The viral RNA was detected in 65.2% (15/23) of anti-HCV positive samples. The genotypes identified were 1 (subtypes 1a and 1b) and 3 (subtype 3a). The age > 40 years, living in other states or Goiania city, surgery, injecting and non-injecting drug and anti-HBc positive (antibody to core antigen of hepatitis B virus) were associated with HCV infection after logistic regression. The data presented shows the vulnerability of the HIV sropositive population to acquisition of infectious diseases such as HCV infection. Thus, the information obtained will be essential for planning public health interventions, preventing and control of hepatitis C in this population.
Os vírus da hepatite C (HCV) e da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) causam infecções crônicas no hospedeiro. O advento da terapia antiretroviral potente trouxe uma redução da incidência de infecções oportunistas, e consequentemente, uma maior expectativa de vida aos pacientes HIV soropositivos. No entanto, as hepatopatias surgem como uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade entre esses pacientes, principalmente aquelas relacionadas ao vírus C. A coinfecção HCV/HIV induz a um pior prognóstico de ambas as infecções, podendo levar ao desenvolvimento da Aids, evolução mais rápida para hepatite crônica ativa e/ou cirrose hepática e morte. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o perfil epidemiológico e molecular da infecção pelo HCV em indivíduos infectados pelo HIV, sem tratamento antiretroviral prévio, atendidos no Hospital de referência para o tratamento de doenças infecciosas (Hospital de Doenças Tropicais - Anuar Auad / HDT) em Goiânia, Goiás. Um total de 505 indivíduos, virgens de tratamento, encaminhados ao HDT, no período de abril/2009 a abril/2010, foram entrevistados e submetidos à coleta de sangue. As amostras (soros) foram testadas para a detecção de anticorpos para o HCV (ELISA/LIA) e submetidas à identificação do RNA-HCV pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). A genotipagem foi realizada por hibridização reversa, pelo método Line Probe Assay (LiPA). A prevalência para anti-HCV foi de 4,6% (IC 95%: 3,0-6,8). O RNA viral foi detectado em 15 amostras, sendo todas elas anti-HCV positivas. Foram identificados os genótipos 1 e 3, com predomínio do subtipo 1a, seguido dos subtipos 1b e 3a. As variáveis idade superior a 40 anos, ser procedente de Goiânia ou outros estados, cirurgia, uso de drogas injetáveis e não-injetáveis, história de prisão e positividade ao anti-HBc foram associados à infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C, após regressão logística. Os dados apresentados revelam a vulnerabilidade da população HIV soropositiva à aquisição de doenças infecciosas como a infecção pelo HCV. Assim, as informações obtidas serão essenciais para o planejamento de ações de saúde pública para a prevenção e controle da hepatite C nessa população.
Gröner, Jan Benedikt. "Mitochondriale Dysfunktion bei chronischer Hepatitis B, chronischer Hepatitis C und bei HIV-Postexpositionsprophylaxe". Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-135665.
Texto completoBarbosa, Alexandre Naime [UNESP]. "Avaliação das citocinas (ELISA e RT-PCR) e da fibrose hepática na coinfecção pelo HIV e vírus da hepatite C". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101466.
Texto completoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
A aids e a hepatite C crônica são infecções caracterizadas por importante processo inflamatório contínuo, regulado por uma complexa interação entre citocinas. A persistência da atividade inflamatória crônica está intimamente relacionada com a progressão da patogênese da aids, bem como na indução de fibrose na hepatite C. Com o objetivo de avaliar o padrão de citocinas na infecção pelo HIV e na hepatite C crônica, as citocinas IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, INF-γ, TGF-β foram dosadas por Elisa e RT-PCR em cinco grupos: pacientes coinfectados pelo HIV/VHC (n=22), monoinfectados pelo HIV com supressão virológica pelo tratamento, e sem supressão virológica (n=17), monoinfectados pelo VHC (n=22) e um grupo controle composto por indivíduos doadores de sangue (n=10). IL-4 e IL-10 estiveram aumentadas consistentemente nos quatro grupos de estudo, determinando predomínio do perfil Th-2. INF-γ, TNF-α e TGF-β estiveram aumentados apenas nos grupos com infecção pelo VHC, com ou sem coinfecção pelo HIV. No grupo de monoinfectados pelo HIV com supressão virológica, a IL-2 dosada por RT-RCR esteve aumentada, porém os níveis séricos dosados por Elisa estavam normais. A alta produção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias INF-γ, TNF-α e TGF-β nos dois grupos de pacientes com infecção pelo VHC refletem o processo progressivo de acúmulo de inflamação e fibrose hepática. Já o predomínio de IL-4 e IL-10 em todos os grupos, citocinas ligadas ao perfil Th-2, demonstram a incapacidade de produção de uma resposta citotóxica Th-1, perpetuando a infecção e a inflamação crônica, mesmo naqueles indivíduos com supressão virológica pelo tratamento. Além de drogas antivirais, novos tratamentos imunomoduladores têm sido propostos para a erradicação viral, ou a interrupção das lesões causadas pelo estado inflamatório crônico...
Both AIDS and chronic hepatitis C (HCV) are characterized by continuous inflammatory process, regulated by a complex interaction between cytokines. The persistence of chronic inflammatory activity is closely related to the progression of the pathogenesis of AIDS, as well as the induction of fibrosis in HCV. In order to analyze the role of cytokines in HIV/HCV coinfection and the fibrosis progression, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF- α, INF-γ, TGF-β were measured by ELISA and RT -PCR in five groups: HIV/HCV coinfected patients (n = 22), HCV monoinfected patients (n = 22), HIV monoinfected patients with and without virological suppression (n = 17) and a control group composed by blood donors (n = 10). Hepatic biopsy and METAVIR classification were performed in all HCV patients (n=44). The baseline characteristics (sex, age and race) of all groups were similar. No correlations were found between cytokines and hepatic fibrosis. IL-4 and IL-10 were consistently increased in the four study groups, findings associated to a Th-2 profile. INF- γ, TNF-α and TGF-β were increased only in groups with HCV infection. In the group of HIV monoinfected patients with virological suppression, IL-2 measured by RT-RCR was increased, but serum levels measured by ELISA were normal. The high production of proinflammatory cytokines INF-γ, TNF-α and TGF-β in two groups of patients with HCV infection reflect the gradual process of inflammation and liver fibrosis. The predominance of IL-4 and IL-10 in all study groups demonstrates an inability to promote a cytotoxic Th-1 response. Even in HIV monoinfected patients with virological suppression with increased IL-2 expression, Th-2 cytokines were the predominant, perpetuating the chronic inflammation. In addition to antiviral drugs, new immunomodulatory treatments have been proposed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Barbosa, Alexandre Naime. "Avaliação das citocinas (ELISA e RT-PCR) e da fibrose hepática na coinfecção pelo HIV e vírus da hepatite C /". Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101466.
Texto completoBanca: Alexandrina Sartori
Banca: Ricardo Sobhie Diaz
Banca: Fernando Lopes Gonçalves Júnior
Resumo: A aids e a hepatite C crônica são infecções caracterizadas por importante processo inflamatório contínuo, regulado por uma complexa interação entre citocinas. A persistência da atividade inflamatória crônica está intimamente relacionada com a progressão da patogênese da aids, bem como na indução de fibrose na hepatite C. Com o objetivo de avaliar o padrão de citocinas na infecção pelo HIV e na hepatite C crônica, as citocinas IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, INF-γ, TGF-β foram dosadas por Elisa e RT-PCR em cinco grupos: pacientes coinfectados pelo HIV/VHC (n=22), monoinfectados pelo HIV com supressão virológica pelo tratamento, e sem supressão virológica (n=17), monoinfectados pelo VHC (n=22) e um grupo controle composto por indivíduos doadores de sangue (n=10). IL-4 e IL-10 estiveram aumentadas consistentemente nos quatro grupos de estudo, determinando predomínio do perfil Th-2. INF-γ, TNF-α e TGF-β estiveram aumentados apenas nos grupos com infecção pelo VHC, com ou sem coinfecção pelo HIV. No grupo de monoinfectados pelo HIV com supressão virológica, a IL-2 dosada por RT-RCR esteve aumentada, porém os níveis séricos dosados por Elisa estavam normais. A alta produção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias INF-γ, TNF-α e TGF-β nos dois grupos de pacientes com infecção pelo VHC refletem o processo progressivo de acúmulo de inflamação e fibrose hepática. Já o predomínio de IL-4 e IL-10 em todos os grupos, citocinas ligadas ao perfil Th-2, demonstram a incapacidade de produção de uma resposta citotóxica Th-1, perpetuando a infecção e a inflamação crônica, mesmo naqueles indivíduos com supressão virológica pelo tratamento. Além de drogas antivirais, novos tratamentos imunomoduladores têm sido propostos para a erradicação viral, ou a interrupção das lesões causadas pelo estado inflamatório crônico... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Both AIDS and chronic hepatitis C (HCV) are characterized by continuous inflammatory process, regulated by a complex interaction between cytokines. The persistence of chronic inflammatory activity is closely related to the progression of the pathogenesis of AIDS, as well as the induction of fibrosis in HCV. In order to analyze the role of cytokines in HIV/HCV coinfection and the fibrosis progression, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF- α, INF-γ, TGF-β were measured by ELISA and RT -PCR in five groups: HIV/HCV coinfected patients (n = 22), HCV monoinfected patients (n = 22), HIV monoinfected patients with and without virological suppression (n = 17) and a control group composed by blood donors (n = 10). Hepatic biopsy and METAVIR classification were performed in all HCV patients (n=44). The baseline characteristics (sex, age and race) of all groups were similar. No correlations were found between cytokines and hepatic fibrosis. IL-4 and IL-10 were consistently increased in the four study groups, findings associated to a Th-2 profile. INF- γ, TNF-α and TGF-β were increased only in groups with HCV infection. In the group of HIV monoinfected patients with virological suppression, IL-2 measured by RT-RCR was increased, but serum levels measured by ELISA were normal. The high production of proinflammatory cytokines INF-γ, TNF-α and TGF-β in two groups of patients with HCV infection reflect the gradual process of inflammation and liver fibrosis. The predominance of IL-4 and IL-10 in all study groups demonstrates an inability to promote a cytotoxic Th-1 response. Even in HIV monoinfected patients with virological suppression with increased IL-2 expression, Th-2 cytokines were the predominant, perpetuating the chronic inflammation. In addition to antiviral drugs, new immunomodulatory treatments have been proposed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Ferreira, Ariana Carolina. "Pesquisa de marcadores sorológicos e moleculares da infecção pelo Vírus da Hepatite E (HEV) em indivíduos portadores do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5168/tde-30062016-115114/.
Texto completoHEV infection is recognized as a significant public health problem in different world regions. Although initially characterized as a benign infection with selflimited course, recent studies have showing its evolution to chronicity in immunocompromised individuals. Furthermore, in these individuals the chronic infection can develop progressive liver fibrosis leading to cirrhosis. There are no data regarding prevalence of HEV infections in HIV- infected patients in Brazil, where the circulation of this virus has been demonstrated in different individuals groups and in some animals from different regions of the country. Based on this, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of serological and molecular makers of HEV infection and the standardization of real-time PCR for the detection and quantification of HEV viral load in HIV-infected individuals in São Paulo. Serum and plasma samples of HIV-infected patients (n=354), collected between 2007 and 2013, were included and organized in groups of co-infection (HIV/ HBV, HIV/HCV and HIV/ HBV/ HCV) and HIV mono-infection. Antibodies anti-HEV IgM and IgG were detected by ELISA (RecomWell HEV IgM/ IgG - MIKROGEN®), and in some cases confirmed by immunoblotting (RecomLine HEV IgM/ IgG - MIKROGEN®). All samples were submitted to research HEV RNA by real-time PCR. About 72% of the patients were male. The mean age of this population was 48.4 years. The anti-HEV IgM and IgG antibodies were found in 1.4% and 10.7%, respectively. Only two patients presented simultaneous anti-HEV IgM and anti- HEV IgG. There was no statistically significant difference in the presence of serological makers among the HIV infection groups. In addition, HEV RNA was detected in 10.7% of samples and six of these samples presented simultaneously a serological maker (5 anti-HEV IgG and 1 IgM). The presence of this maker was more frequent in the co-infection HIV/ HCV group. Through this work, we observed that HEV is circulating among the HIV-infected population in São Paulo, and the monitoring these patients is necessary because of the possibility progression to chronic infection and cirrhosis
Alencar, Wong Kuen. "Análise de sobrevida de pacientes coinfectados HIV/HCV de um centro de referência em DST/AIDS no município de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-30092011-133057/.
Texto completoIntroduction: The estimated survival of patients with HIV/AIDS has increased after highly active antiretroviral therapy; mortality due to liver diseases, however, has also increased. Objectives: To estimate the accumulated probability of survival after AIDS diagnosis among HIV/HCV co-infected individuals and to perform an exploratory analysis to investigate factors related to the survival of these patients. Method: Non-concurrent cohort study, using data from the National Disease Reporting Information System, the laboratory and epidemiological surveillance information systems of the SP-STD Reference and Training Center-CRT, of patients over 13 years of age, followed at the general outpatient clinic. The following variables were studied: hepatitis C, hepatitis B, exposure category, T CD4+ cell count, age group, schooling, color, sex, and AIDS diagnostic periods: 1986 to 1993, 1994 to 1996, 1997 to 2002 and 2003 to 2010. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier estimator and the Cox model, with estimates of the hazard ratio (HR) and respective confidence intervals (95 per cent CI). Results: Of a total of 2,864 individuals included, with a median age of 35 years, 219 died (7.5 per cent ). Of the 358 (12.5 per cent ) HIV/HCV co-infected individuals, 159 (45.1 per cent ) were injecting drug users (IDU), and of the non-co-infected 2,506, 96 (3.9 per cent ) were IDU. The accumulated probability of survival among HIV/HCV co-infected individuals at 60, 168, 168 and 96 months as of AIDS diagnosis, was 100 per cent in the 1986 -1993 period; 27,8 per cent in the 1994-1996 period; 76,3 per cent in the 1997-2002 period; and 92,8 per cent in the 2003-2010 period. The survival curves were different between co-infected and non-co-infected individuals in the 1994-1996 (log rank = 19,8; p < 0,001) and in the 1997-2002 (log rank = 38,8; p < 0,001). In the multivariate model, regardless of other variables, the following were predictors of death: having hepatitis C (HR = 2.9; CI 2.1-3.9); having hepatitis B (HR = 2.5; CI 1.7-3.6); being 50 years old or over (HR = 2.1; CI 1.3-3.2) and having up to 3 years of schooling (HR = 2.3; CI 1.5-3.6). AIDS diagnosis between 1997 and 2010 was shown to be a protective factor for death (HR = 0.4; CI 0.3-0.5). Conclusions: HIV/HCV co-infected individuals had shorter survival, when compared to non-co-infected individuals in the 1994-1996 and in the 1997-2002 AIDS diagnostic periods. As of the 1994-1996 period, a significant increase in the accumulated probability of survival among HIV/HCV co-infected individuals was observed. In the 2003-2010 period, the probability was similar between co-infected and non-coinfected individuals, showing the possible impact of hepatitis treatment
Brandão, Natália Alberto Alves. "Prevalência e fatores associados às infecções pelos vírus das hepatites B e C em pacientes HIV positivos, atendidos na rede pública de Goiânia - Goiás". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3534.
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Hepatitis B and C viruses are responsible for the most common chronic viral infections worldwide. The prevalence of these viruses is higher among HIV-infected individuals, due to common route of transmission. Coinfections HBV / HIV and HCV / HIV seems to be associated with a worst liver disease prognosis. Studies evaluating these coinfections in the mid-western Brazil are scarce. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and the risk factors associated with HBV and HCV coinfections in HIV-positive patients in Goiânia – Goiás. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including 495 adults, recruited from the Centro de Referência em Diagnóstico e Terapêutica de Goiânia in 2011. After signing the informed consent, participants were interviewed and material was collected for research markers for HBV (anti-HBc, HBsAg, anti-HBs and HBV DNA) and HCV (anti-HCV and HCV RNA). Prevalence of HBV and HCV infection was estimated. Univariate and multivariate analysis to evaluate factors associated with positivity for both viruses were performed. Odds and adjusted odds ratios were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI95%) and a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Participants mean age was 40.2 years (standard deviation =10. 4) with a male predominance (73.9%). Injecting drugs usage was reported by 3.6% of participants. The prevalence of markers for hepatitis B exposure was 33.5% (CI95% 29.4-37.9). Nineteen patients (3.8%, CI95% 2.4-6.0) were diagnosed as hepatitis B carriers. Prevalence of anti-HCV was 9.7% (CI95% 7.3-12.7). The distribution of HCV genotypes was: 1a (72.7%), 3 (13.6%) and 1b (9.1%). Coinfection by the three viruses was 4.4% (CI95% 2.9-6.8). Male, age ≥ 40 years, previous history of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and homo or bisexuality were associated with exposure to HBV. History of injecting drugs and STD were associated with HCV seropositivity. Over half of the coinfected patients were not aware of being HBV or HCV positive. Conclusion: Seromarkers for previous HBV and/or HCV infections are common among individual HIV positives in Goiânia. A significant proportion of them are unaware of their serological status. These findings suggest the need for better screening and guidance improvements for this population
Os vírus das hepatites B (HBV) e C (HCV) são responsáveis pelas infecções crônicas virais mais comuns em todo o mundo. A prevalência dessas infecções é maior entre indivíduos infectados pelo HIV, devido às vias comuns de transmissão desses vírus. As coinfecções HBV/HIV e HCV/HIV parecem estar associadas a um pior prognóstico da doença hepática. Estudos avaliando essas coinfecções, na região centro-oeste do Brasil, são escassos. Objetivos: Estimar a prevalência e analisar fatores sócio-demográficos e comportamentais associados às infecções pelo HBV e HCV em pacientes HIV positivos. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com inclusão de 495 pacientes adultos, recrutados no Centro de Referência em Diagnóstico e Terapêutica de Goiânia, em 2011. Após assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, os participantes foram entrevistados e coletouse material para pesquisa de marcadores para o HBV (anti-HBc, HBsAg, anti-HBs e HBV DNA) e HCV (anti-HCV e HCV RNA). Estimou-se a prevalência das infecções pelo HBV e HCV. Foi realizada análise uni e multivariada para avaliar fatores associados com a positividade para os dois vírus. Foram calculados os Odds Ratios brutos e ajustados com respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC95%) e nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados: A média de idade dos participantes foi de 40,2 anos (desvio padrão=10,4), com predomínio de homens (73,9%). O relato de uso de drogas injetáveis foi feito por 3,6% dos participantes. A prevalência de exposição ao vírus da hepatite B foi de 33,5% (IC95% 29,4-37,9). Dezenove pacientes (3,8%, IC95% 2,4-6,0) foram diagnosticados como portadores do vírus da hepatite B. A prevalência de anti-HCV foi 9,7% (IC95% 7,312,7). A distribuição dos genótipos do HCV nessa população foi: 1a (72,7%), 3 (13,6%) e 1b (9,1%). A coinfecção pelos três vírus foi de 4,4% (IC95% 2,9-6,8). Sexo masculino, idade ≥ 40 anos, relato de doença sexualmente transmissível (DST) e homo ou bissexualismo mostraram-se associados à presença de marcadores de exposição ao HBV. Antecedentes de drogas injetáveis e DST mostraram associação com soropositividade para HCV. Cerca da metade dos pacientes coinfectados não sabia ser HBV ou HCV positivos. Conclusões: Marcadores de exposição prévia ao HBV e ao HCV são frequentes entre os pacientes HIV positivos, em Goiânia. Uma parcela significativa dessa população desconhece seu status sorológico, sugerindo a necessidade de medidas de triagem e de orientação mais efetivas.
Burke, Stephanie. "Generalized Impairment of CD8+ T-cells in HCV Mono- and HIV-HCV Co-infection". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32770.
Texto completoHerreru-MartiÌnez, Esteban. "Hepatitis C and HIV co-infection in patients with haemophilia". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404936.
Texto completoGao, Zhanhai School of Mathematics UNSW. "Modelling Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Epidemics in Australia". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Mathematics, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18187.
Texto completoEddowes, Lucy A. "Interactions of HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus with iron metabolism". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558553.
Texto completoSchlottmann, Renate. "Zirkulierendes Interleukin-18 im Verlauf der HIV-Infektion und HIV-Hepatitis B- und C-Koinfektion". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97450727X.
Texto completoRazali, Karina National Centre in HIV Epidemiology & Clinical Research Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Estimates and projections of HIV and Hepatitis C virus in Australia and the Asia-Pacific region". Publisher:University of New South Wales. National Centre in HIV Epidemiology & Clinical Research, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41095.
Texto completoMatsukura, Motoi. "Highly active anti-retroviral therapy and liver mitochondrial toxicity in human immunodeficiency virus / hepatitis C virus co-infection". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2517.
Texto completoAraújo, Evaldo Stanislau Affonso de. ""Estudo da cinética viral do vírus da hepatite C em pacientes co-infecatados com o HIV"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-22032006-102746/.
Texto completoTwenty six co-infected patients were treated with PegIFN A2A and Ribavirin for 48 weeks. Twenty samples were drew at hours 0, 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, days 3, 4, 7, 8, 22, 29, 43, 57 and week 12 to HIV and HCV (TaqMan®) quantification after began medication. Basal data showed Genotype 1 in 15 patients, 3 in 11. Median HCV were 1.285.000 UI/ml, mean CD4 573/mm3 and mean HIV 1109 cp/ml. SVR was associated only with Genotype 3 (p<0,04). Overal SVR (ITT) were 26,9%. We obtained fitted viral kinetics parameters for 18 patients. Patients with SVR showed higher Interferon efficacy, infected cells clearance, free virion clearance and faster phase 1 and 2. Reduction on HCV load of less than one log10 at 24 or 48 hs had a NPV of 100% for SVR. Less than two log decay at days 8 and 29 had 92,31 and 100% of NPV and the presence of those reduction were associated with SVR p=0,003 and p=0,01). Viral kinetics are an important tool regarding clinic management and very early prediction of absence of SVR, wich is very important for the HIV co-infected patients for whom the clicical management is very complex.
Vilar, Fernando Crivelenti. "Expressão do HLA-G no tecido hepático de pacientes coinfectados com HIV/HCV". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-24082014-194222/.
Texto completoChronic liver disease induced by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has recently become one of the most common comorbidities in patients who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in developed countries. HIV/HCV coinfected patients show faster progression to cirrhosis and its complications than the HCV monoinfected patients. Even though the responsible mechanisms for this evolution have not been entirely clarified yet, the expression of the HLA-G molecule, a HLA from the non-classic Ib class, with well-known properties of negatively regulating the immune response, may be related to the liver disease progression. The aims of the present work were to analyze the HLA-G expression profile in the liver micro ambience of HIV/HCV coinfected patients and to identify possible host factors, HIV or HCV, that may be related to the HLA-G expression on the liver biopsy. For this purpose, 57 liver biopsies of HIV/HCV coinfect patients, in which immunohistochemistry for HLA-G had been performed, were retrospectively analyzed according the HLA-G expression on the hepatic tissue. Other histopathological features in the liver biopsies, such as fibrosis degree, inflammatory activity, iron deposition and fat were also evaluated. The polymorphism of insertion or deletion in 14-base pairs of the 3`non-translated region of exon 8 of the HLA-G gene, which is related to the production of HLA-G messenger RNA, was evaluated in 43 of the patients. Also, the polymorphism of IL-28B, related to the response to HCV treatment, was evaluated in 44 of them. Biochemical and virological features of HIV and HCV were also evaluated. The HCV genotype 1 was the most prevalent (87.75%), especially the subgenotype 1a (60%). The expression of HLA-G was observed in 38 (66.7%) samples of the liver biopsies, and it was most frequent in moderate and severe stages of fibrosis than in the mild stages (94.1% x 55%, P < 0.01). There was no established relationship between HLA-G and other parameters studied. Although the progression to cirrhosis in the context of HIV/HCV coinfection is a complex process modulated by many factors, the association of HLA-G expression with the intensity of the liver fibrosis may indicate the protein expression play an important role in the mechanisms that contribute to the progression of the disease, through the negative regulation of the immune response against HCV setting of a coinfection with HIV.
Page, Emma. "Microbial translocation, immune activation and liver fibrosis in HIV/hepatitis C coinfection". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11150.
Texto completoMassolini, Viviam Milanez. "Avaliação de polimorfismos genéticos na progressão da infecção de pacientes monoinfectados e coinfectados com os Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) e Vírus da Hepatite C (VHC) /". Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132637.
Texto completoCoorientador: Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto
Banca: Alexandre Naime Barbosa
Banca: Atila Iamarino
Resumo: A vulnerabilidade humana à infecção pelo HIV não é uniforme, fatores virológicos e do hospedeiro são determinantes no risco da transmissão e na evolução natural da infecção. Polimorfismos (do hospedeiro) nos genes KIR estão sendo associados à evolução da infecção pelo vírus. Vários estudos vêm sendo realizados em monoinfectados pelo HIV-1, mas pouco se conhece a respeito da relação desses polimorfismos em coinfecção HIV/VHC. A finalidade deste estudo foi analisar a evolução da infecção pelo HIV em pacientes coinfectados HIV/VHC, baseada em parâmetros clínicos, laboratoriais e virológicos, correlacionando polimorfismos de genes KIR. Foram incluídas no estudo 251 amostras, as quais foram distribuídas em três grupos (Grupo 1: 100 indivíduos monoinfectados HIV-1; Grupo 2: 100 indivíduos monoinfectados VHC e Grupo 3: 51 coinfectados HIV/VHC. As determinações dos subtipos (HIV-1) e genótipos (VHC) foram realizadas por sequenciamento. As definições dos polimorfismos dos genes KIR foram determinados por PCR-SSP e do HLA, por sequenciamento. Dados referentes à evolução da infecção pelo HIV-1 e VHC foram analisados a partir dos prontuários médicos dos pacientes. Os resultados obtidos pelo presente estudo com relação aos genes KIR, 2DL2, 2DS2 e 2DL5, sugerem em caráter inédito a correlação destes polimorfismos com a evolução da infecção pelo VHC em indivíduos coinfectados. A inexistência de correlação dos polimorfismos dos genes KIR com a progressão da infecção pelo HIV-1 em coinfectados sugere que nesta condição, a presença do HIV-1 pode estar influenciando muito mais a progressão da doença pelo VHC do que o desenvolvimento de aids propriamente dito
Abstract: Human vulnerability to HIV infection is not uniform, virological and host factors are determinants on the risk of transmission and natural infection progression. KIR genes polymorphisms have been being associated with progression of HIV infection. Several studies have been performed in mono-infected by HIV-1, but few knwoledge is known about the relation of these polymorphisms in coinfection by HIV/HCV. The purpose of this study was to assess the increasing of the infection by HIV in patients coinfected HIV/HCV, based on clinical, laboratory and virological parameters and correlating KIR genes polymorphisms. The study included 251 samples which were divided into three groups (Group 1: 100 HIV mono-infected; Group 2: 100 mono-infected HCV; Group 3: 51 Co-Infected HIV/HCV). Determination of subtypes (HIV) and genotypes (HCV) was held using RNA sequencing. Polymorphisms definitions of KIR genes were determined by PCR-SSP and HLA were accomplished out by sequencing. Clinical and laboratory data, regarding the evolution of HIV and HCV infection were analyzed from the medical records of patients. The results obtained by this study concerning KIR, 2DL2, 2DL5 and 2DS2 genes demonstrate the state-of-the-art on the correlation of these polymorphisms with evolution of HCV infection in coinfected individuals. The absence of correlation between the polymorphism of KIR genes with progression of HIV-1 infection in co-infected, suggests that in this particular condition, the presence of HIV-1 may influence much more the disease progression by the HCV than the aids development in itself
Mestre
Jung, Dorothy Eunhyun. "CD4+ T cell discordance in HIV-infected patients with and without hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfection". Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31572.
Texto completoPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
HIV infected patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are at increased risk of faster fibrosis progression and end-stage liver disease compared to patients with HCV alone. Why HIV /HCV -coinfected patients progress more rapidly to advanced liver disease is unknown, though several studies suggest that HIV -related immunosuppression may play a role. We have recently shown that low absolute CD4+ counts are also prevalent in patients with liver cirrhosis who are HIV seronegative. Furthermore, HIV seronegative cirrhotic patients with low absolute CD4+ counts have normal CD4+ percentages. This CD4+ "discordance" among patients with liver disease points towards an alternate mechanism for low CD4 T cell counts, other than HIV-induced immunosuppression. In this retrospective study, we compared the prevalence of CD4 Tcell discordance in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients and patients with HIV alone. We also examined clinical and laboratory exam findings associated with this discordant profile. We show that discordance between absolute CD4 counts and CD4 T -cell percentages was significantly associated with HIV/HCV-coinfection as well as leucopenia. We also found that a physical exam finding of hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and/or spider angiomata as well as certain laboratory markers of advanced liver disease (eg, AST/ALT > 1) may be associated with CD4 T-cell discordance. We conclude that among patients co infected with HIV and HCV, CD4+ discordance may be an important screening tool in patients with possible underlying liver disease. Low CD4+ counts in these patients may correlate not only with advanced HIV immunosuppression, but may indicate underlying liver disease when accompanied by a normal CD4+ percentage.
2031-01-01
Asplid, Matilda, Ponce Gabriela Becerra y Ponce Paula Becerra. "Att leva med en smittsam blodsjukdom". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-38648.
Texto completoHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis b and c are contagious blood diseases that exists worldwide. These three diseases are considered to be generally dangerous and as a notifiable disease. Living with a contagious blood disease can be stressful to patients both physically and mentally. The purpose of this literature study was to describe patients' experience of living with contagious blood diseases. The study is a general literature study, where qualitative research was used to produce the result. The result consists of three themes and seven different subthemes. That resulted in the creation of three themes: fear, the feeling of being unseen and the feeling of being seen. Living with a contagious blood disease can be stressful to a patient. There is a great fear for the consequence of the disease. Getting social support from relatives and their social environment has a major impact on the patient's life. The lack of social support can make the patient avoid social contact. Patients’ take alternative means such as alcohol, drugs and the patient can develop depression. As a formal caregiver it is important to see the person behind the infection, as the patient experience the meeting with formal caregivers as negative. The formal caregivers are afraid of the disease and to be infected. The patient feels judged and chooses to avoid treatment.
Gonzalez, Mario Peribañez. "Prevalência de hipovitaminose D e fatores de risco associados em pacientes portadores de HIV, HCV e coinfecção HIV/HCV na cidade de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5168/tde-09032017-115725/.
Texto completoBackground and Aims: Hypovitaminosis D, defined as insufficient serum level of 25(OH)D, is considered pandemic in many populations worldwide and is associated with co-morbidities in hepatitis C, HIV and HIV/HCV co-infection. The aim of this study is to 1) compare the prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (VDD), defined as serum levels of 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL, among HCV mono-infected, HIV mono-infected, HIV/HCV co-infected patients and control participants and 2) identify specific risk factors associated with VDD in each group. Patients and Methods: We collected demographic and clinical data, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, liver function parameters and metabolic profiles on 129 HCV mono-infected, 118 HIV mono-infected and 53 HIV/HCV co-infected patients treated at reference centers in São Paulo (Brazil) as well as on 122 volunteer controls, not infected by HIV, HCV, HBV or taking vitamin D supplements. Results: VDD prevalence adjusted for sex, age ( = 50), skin color (white vs not white), body mass index ( = 25), total cholesterol (= 200), HDL cholesterol ( = 40 in men and = 50 in women), triglycerides ( = 150), glycemia ( = 110), use of Efavirenz - EFV (yes vs no), use of Tenofovir -TDV (yes vs no) and HOMA-IR was lower in HCV group than control and HIV groups (p < 0.001). In all groups, adjusted odds of VDD increases by 1.21 [CI95% (1.01-1.44)] for each unit increase of HOMA-IR. Antirretroviral therapy regimens containing efavirenz were also associated to higher odds of VDD 3.49 [CI95% (1.14-10.67) p=0.028]. Logistic regression was applied to analyze risk factors associated to VDD within each group. In this analysis male sex resulted significantly associated to lower chance of VDD [OR 0,42(CI95% 0,18 - 0,96) p = 0,04] in control group and in HCV group [RC 0,42(CI95% 0,2 - 0,88) p = 0,02]; still in HCV group, elevated HOMA-IR was significantly associated to VDD [OR 5,59(CI 95% 1,37 - 22,8) p = 0,02]; and in HIV group, individuals presenting CD4 nadir higher than 200 cells/mm3 had less chance of VDD [OR 0,41 (IC95% 0,18 - 0,95) p = 0,04]. Conclusion: High prevalence of VDD was observed across all studied population, including control group, suggesting that being infected with HIV and/or HCV per se does not increase the chance of VDD. Otherwise, VDD was positively associated with HOMA-IR increase for controls and infected patients. It is also associated to use of Efavirenz in HIV/HCV patients. This finding highlights the relevance of vitamin D deficiency association with two other conditions; insulin resistance and antiretroviral therapy, which isolated or in combination, may contribute to the incidence of comorbidities, as Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Picelli, Natália [UNESP]. "Coinfecção pelos vírus da hepatite C (VHC) vírus da imunodificência humana (HIV): polimosrfismo dos sistemas HPA -1, -3, 3 e -5". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92140.
Texto completoAlém de fatores virais e do hospedeiro a progressão da fibrose hepática resultante da infecção pelo Vírus da Hepatite C (VHC) tem sido relacionada a polimorfismos genéticos do hospedeiro. Nesta linha, recentemente polimorfismos dos Antígenos Plaquetários Humanos (HPA) foram associados à progressão para fibrose em pacientes monoinfectados pelo VHC. Alguns destes antígenos HPA residem em proteínas da família das integrinas, cuja expressão, também, já foi associada à progressão da fibrose hepática. No entanto, estudos relacionando polimorfismos genéticos do hospedeiro em pacientes coinfectados com o VHC e o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) são raros e, não há nenhum estudo relacionando polimorfismos HPA com progressão para fibrose. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar possíveis associações dos polimorfismos dos sistemas HPA-1, -3 e -5, que residem em integrinas, na progressão da fibrose hepática em indivíduos coinfectados VHC/HIV. DNA Genômico de 56 pacientes coinfectados VHC/HIV foi utilizado como fonte para genotipagem dos sistemas HPA -1 e -3 por PCR-SSP, e HPA -5 por PCR-RFLP. Progressão da fibrose foi avaliada utilizando o escore de METAVIR, sendo constituídos dois grupos: Grupo 1 (G1): pacientes coinfectados VHC/HIV com baixo grau de fibrose (F1, fibrose portal sem septos ou F2, com poucos septos) e Grupo 2 (G2): pacientes coinfectados VHC/HIV com fibrose avançada (F3, numerosos septos ou F4, cirrose). Um grupo controle, do estudo de Silva e colaboradores (2012), constituído por pacientes monoinfectados pelo VHC com baixo grau de fibrose (F1 ou F2) e fibrose avançada (F3 ou F4) foi utilizado para as análises realizadas neste estudo. O Teste Exato de Fisher foi utilizado para avaliar possíveis associações entre o polimorfismo dos sistemas HPA -1, -3 e -5 e a progressão para fibrose, utilizando um nível de significância de 5%. Não houve desvio do equilíbrio...
To evaluate the associations of Human Platelet Antigen (HPA) polymorphisms -1, -3 and -5 with HIV/HCV coinfection. In this study were included 60 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients from the Sao Paulo State health service centers. Data reported by Verdichio-Moraes et al (2009) were used as the non-infected and HCV monoinfected groups to evaluate the association of HPA -1, -3 and -5 in HIV/VHC coinfected patients. HPA genotyping was performed in 60 HIV/HCV coinfected patients by PCR-SSP or PCR-RFLP. HIV subtyping and HCV genotyping was performed by RT-PCR followed sequencing. The data analyses were performed using the c2 test or Fisher’s Exact Test and the logistic regression model. HIV/HCV coinfected patients presented HCV either genotype 1 (78.3%) or non-1 (21.7%) and HIV either subtype B (85.0%) or non-B (15%). The HPA-1a/1b genotype was more frequent (p<0.05) in HIV/HCV coinfection than in HCV monoinfection and the allelic frequency of HPA-5b in the HIV/HCV coinfected patients was lower (P<0.05) than in HCV monoinfected cases and non-infected individuals. These data suggest that HIV presence may have influenced the interaction of HCV with platelets. On the other hand, HPA-5a/5b was more frequent (p<0.05) in HIV/HCV coinfected and HCV monoinfected groups than in the non-infected individuals, suggesting that this platelet genotype is related to HCV infection, regardless of HIV presence. Results suggest that the HPA profile in HIV/HCV coinfected individuals differs from the one of both HCV monoinfected and non-infected population. So, the HPA polymorphism can be a genetic marker associated with HIV/HCV coinfection
Picelli, Natália. "Coinfecção pelos vírus da hepatite C (VHC) e vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) : polimorfismo dos sistemas HPA -1, -3, e -5 /". Botucatu, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92140.
Texto completoCoorientador: Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto
Banca: Fernando Gomes Romeiro
Banca: João Pessoa Araujo Junior
Resumo: Além de fatores virais e do hospedeiro a progressão da fibrose hepática resultante da infecção pelo Vírus da Hepatite C (VHC) tem sido relacionada a polimorfismos genéticos do hospedeiro. Nesta linha, recentemente polimorfismos dos Antígenos Plaquetários Humanos (HPA) foram associados à progressão para fibrose em pacientes monoinfectados pelo VHC. Alguns destes antígenos HPA residem em proteínas da família das integrinas, cuja expressão, também, já foi associada à progressão da fibrose hepática. No entanto, estudos relacionando polimorfismos genéticos do hospedeiro em pacientes coinfectados com o VHC e o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) são raros e, não há nenhum estudo relacionando polimorfismos HPA com progressão para fibrose. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar possíveis associações dos polimorfismos dos sistemas HPA-1, -3 e -5, que residem em integrinas, na progressão da fibrose hepática em indivíduos coinfectados VHC/HIV. DNA Genômico de 56 pacientes coinfectados VHC/HIV foi utilizado como fonte para genotipagem dos sistemas HPA -1 e -3 por PCR-SSP, e HPA -5 por PCR-RFLP. Progressão da fibrose foi avaliada utilizando o escore de METAVIR, sendo constituídos dois grupos: Grupo 1 (G1): pacientes coinfectados VHC/HIV com baixo grau de fibrose (F1, fibrose portal sem septos ou F2, com poucos septos) e Grupo 2 (G2): pacientes coinfectados VHC/HIV com fibrose avançada (F3, numerosos septos ou F4, cirrose). Um grupo controle, do estudo de Silva e colaboradores (2012), constituído por pacientes monoinfectados pelo VHC com baixo grau de fibrose (F1 ou F2) e fibrose avançada (F3 ou F4) foi utilizado para as análises realizadas neste estudo. O Teste Exato de Fisher foi utilizado para avaliar possíveis associações entre o polimorfismo dos sistemas HPA -1, -3 e -5 e a progressão para fibrose, utilizando um nível de significância de 5%. Não houve desvio do equilíbrio ...
Abstract: To evaluate the associations of Human Platelet Antigen (HPA) polymorphisms -1, -3 and -5 with HIV/HCV coinfection. In this study were included 60 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients from the Sao Paulo State health service centers. Data reported by Verdichio-Moraes et al (2009) were used as the non-infected and HCV monoinfected groups to evaluate the association of HPA -1, -3 and -5 in HIV/VHC coinfected patients. HPA genotyping was performed in 60 HIV/HCV coinfected patients by PCR-SSP or PCR-RFLP. HIV subtyping and HCV genotyping was performed by RT-PCR followed sequencing. The data analyses were performed using the c2 test or Fisher's Exact Test and the logistic regression model. HIV/HCV coinfected patients presented HCV either genotype 1 (78.3%) or non-1 (21.7%) and HIV either subtype B (85.0%) or non-B (15%). The HPA-1a/1b genotype was more frequent (p<0.05) in HIV/HCV coinfection than in HCV monoinfection and the allelic frequency of HPA-5b in the HIV/HCV coinfected patients was lower (P<0.05) than in HCV monoinfected cases and non-infected individuals. These data suggest that HIV presence may have influenced the interaction of HCV with platelets. On the other hand, HPA-5a/5b was more frequent (p<0.05) in HIV/HCV coinfected and HCV monoinfected groups than in the non-infected individuals, suggesting that this platelet genotype is related to HCV infection, regardless of HIV presence. Results suggest that the HPA profile in HIV/HCV coinfected individuals differs from the one of both HCV monoinfected and non-infected population. So, the HPA polymorphism can be a genetic marker associated with HIV/HCV coinfection
Mestre
Roos, Hampus y Martin Lidholm. "Hur patienter med blodburen smitta upplever vårdpersonalens attityd mot dem". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397986.
Texto completoBackground: The three most common blood-borne pathogens that the healthcare professional encounters are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C and hepatitis B. These pathogens spread through blood products and there is a risk that the healthcare staff gets infected in their work. There is a risk of stigma among healthcare professionals as the pathogens are often associated with homosexuality and intravenous drug abuse. At the same time, the risk is that patients feel discriminated by the healthcare staff and that it affects their care. Purpose: The aim was to investigate the attitudes of the healthcare professionals towards patients with blood-borne pathogens as well as patients' experience of their care and nursing. Method: A literature study was based on six quantitative articles, four qualitative articles and two mix-method articles in which an inductive analysis of the articles was performed to interpret the results. Result: There is a stigmatizing attitude among healthcare professionals towards patients with bloodborne infection. Some of the healthcare staff also feel a certain fear of the patients with blood-borne infection and the fear is based on being infected themselves. Fear and stigmatizing attitudes affect the will of the healthcare staff and the safety of caring for patients with blood-borne infection. Patients experience and feel discriminated against by healthcare professionals who have a stigmatizing attitude and fear of them. Patients are then at greater risk of avoiding care. What patients feel good about is when they get to meet the same staff they can get to know and that knows their history. Conclusion: Some healthcare professionals have a stigmatizing attitude and fear of patients with blood-borne infection and this is based on the healthcare staff's knowledge and low education. Patients notice and feel discriminated against by healthcare professionals who display fear as well as a stigmatizing attitude towards them. This affects patients' care as patients avoid the care or do not receive the same care from the care staff due to their illness. Keywords: Blood-Borne Pathogens, healthcare professionals, patient, HIV, hepatitis B & hepatits C.
Massolini, Viviam Milanez [UNESP]. "Avaliação de polimorfismos genéticos na progressão da infecção de pacientes monoinfectados e coinfectados com os Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) e Vírus da Hepatite C (VHC)". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132637.
Texto completoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A vulnerabilidade humana à infecção pelo HIV não é uniforme, fatores virológicos e do hospedeiro são determinantes no risco da transmissão e na evolução natural da infecção. Polimorfismos (do hospedeiro) nos genes KIR estão sendo associados à evolução da infecção pelo vírus. Vários estudos vêm sendo realizados em monoinfectados pelo HIV-1, mas pouco se conhece a respeito da relação desses polimorfismos em coinfecção HIV/VHC. A finalidade deste estudo foi analisar a evolução da infecção pelo HIV em pacientes coinfectados HIV/VHC, baseada em parâmetros clínicos, laboratoriais e virológicos, correlacionando polimorfismos de genes KIR. Foram incluídas no estudo 251 amostras, as quais foram distribuídas em três grupos (Grupo 1: 100 indivíduos monoinfectados HIV-1; Grupo 2: 100 indivíduos monoinfectados VHC e Grupo 3: 51 coinfectados HIV/VHC. As determinações dos subtipos (HIV-1) e genótipos (VHC) foram realizadas por sequenciamento. As definições dos polimorfismos dos genes KIR foram determinados por PCR-SSP e do HLA, por sequenciamento. Dados referentes à evolução da infecção pelo HIV-1 e VHC foram analisados a partir dos prontuários médicos dos pacientes. Os resultados obtidos pelo presente estudo com relação aos genes KIR, 2DL2, 2DS2 e 2DL5, sugerem em caráter inédito a correlação destes polimorfismos com a evolução da infecção pelo VHC em indivíduos coinfectados. A inexistência de correlação dos polimorfismos dos genes KIR com a progressão da infecção pelo HIV-1 em coinfectados sugere que nesta condição, a presença do HIV-1 pode estar influenciando muito mais a progressão da doença pelo VHC do que o desenvolvimento de aids propriamente dito
Human vulnerability to HIV infection is not uniform, virological and host factors are determinants on the risk of transmission and natural infection progression. KIR genes polymorphisms have been being associated with progression of HIV infection. Several studies have been performed in mono-infected by HIV-1, but few knwoledge is known about the relation of these polymorphisms in coinfection by HIV/HCV. The purpose of this study was to assess the increasing of the infection by HIV in patients coinfected HIV/HCV, based on clinical, laboratory and virological parameters and correlating KIR genes polymorphisms. The study included 251 samples which were divided into three groups (Group 1: 100 HIV mono-infected; Group 2: 100 mono-infected HCV; Group 3: 51 Co-Infected HIV/HCV). Determination of subtypes (HIV) and genotypes (HCV) was held using RNA sequencing. Polymorphisms definitions of KIR genes were determined by PCR-SSP and HLA were accomplished out by sequencing. Clinical and laboratory data, regarding the evolution of HIV and HCV infection were analyzed from the medical records of patients. The results obtained by this study concerning KIR, 2DL2, 2DL5 and 2DS2 genes demonstrate the state-of-the-art on the correlation of these polymorphisms with evolution of HCV infection in coinfected individuals. The absence of correlation between the polymorphism of KIR genes with progression of HIV-1 infection in co-infected, suggests that in this particular condition, the presence of HIV-1 may influence much more the disease progression by the HCV than the aids development in itself
Yao, Felix Caspar. "Investigation on the risk of viral infection in musculoskeletal grafts". University of Western Australia. School of Surgery, 2010. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0068.
Texto completoChen, Yang. "An Epidemiological Study of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among U.S. Population". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3105.
Texto completoGröner, Jan [Verfasser] y Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Bogner. "Mitochondriale Dysfunktion bei chronischer Hepatitis B, chronischer Hepatitis C und bei HIV-Postexpositionsprophylaxe / Jan Benedikt Gröner. Betreuer: Johannes Bogner". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1017233004/34.
Texto completoOgawa, Lisa Marie Fink. "Substance Use Experiences and Hepatitis C Treatment Decision-Making Among HIV/HCV Co-infected Adults: A Dissertation". eScholarship@UMMS, 2007. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsn_diss/3.
Texto completoCastro, Gleusa de. "Análise histológica comparativa de biópsias hepáticas de pacientes com hepatite C crônica, co-infectados pelo HIV-1, realizadas antes e após o tratamento da hepatite C". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-18012007-182909/.
Texto completoHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is known to be able to modify the natural history of HCV infection, accelerating the progression of hepatic fibrosis and the consequent evolution to cirrhosis. Treatment with interferon-alpha can lead to improved hepatic histology, reducing inflammation and fibrosis, especially in patients who present a sustained virologic response. The impact of treatment on histological evolution in patients who do not respond to treatment of hepatitis C is a controversial matter. Objectives: To evaluate in patients with chronic hepatitis C co-infected with HIV the impact of treatment of hepatitis C on the modifications of the parameters indicative of fibrosis and of inflammatory activity in liver biopsies obtained before and after treatment of hepatitis C. Methods: Twenty-six patients co-infected with HCV and HIV-1 were submitted to a liver biopsy before and, on average, 25.2 months after the end of treatment of hepatitis C. Fragments of the liver biopsy were compared before and after treatment regarding the following parameters: histological activity index (HAI) and grade of fibrosis (Knodell); intensity of collagen deposition (picrosirius staining), and grade of stellate cell activation (labeling with smooth muscle alpha-actin). The post- and pretreatment ratios of these histological variables were related to the result of the quantitative HCV-RNA test (RT-PCR-AMPLICOR?) during the 24th week of treatment, to the duration of treatment of hepatitis C and to the time interval between the discontinuation of treatment and the control biopsy. The relationship between possible factors of the virologic response and the histological response was evaluated and correlations between the various histological parameters were calculated. Results: The histological parameters evaluated in a global manner were similar in the pre- and post-treatment biopsies. The post-pretreatment ratios for all parameters evaluated in the liver biopsies were significantly reduced in patients who were negative for HCV RNA during the 24th week of treatment. The histological parameters were similar in the groups with different durations of treatment (? 24 weeks and > 24 weeks), except for ?-positive stellate hepatic cells, which were improved in the group with a more prolonged treatment. The time interval between the end of treatment and the control biopsy did not affect the histological improvement. In logistic regression analysis, the improvement of the histological parameters was found to be associated with a negative result of HCV RNA during the 24th week of treatment. There was a significant correlation between all histological parameters evaluated. Conclusions: When evaluated as a whole, the patients showed similar values for their histological parameters in the pre- and post-treatment biopsies. However, when histological improvement was defined as the maintenance or improvement of the histological parameters evaluated individually, a substantial part of the study population was found to present histological improvement. The beneficial effect of treatment seemed to be related to the control of HCV viremia during treatment and was also observed in patients who did not sustain the virologic response after the discontinuation of the medications. These findings lead us to assume that the reduction of HCV viremia causes a reduction of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, as well as a reduction of the state of activation of stellate hepatic cells even in cases in which there is no sustained virologic response. The results of the present study suggest that treatment of hepatitis C can modify the natural history of the course of chronic hepatitis in patients co-infected with HIV.
Bradshaw, Daniel Mark. "Defining risk factors and mechanisms of permucosal transmission of HCV amongst HIV-infected men who have sex with men". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709469.
Texto completoRodrigues, Marcus Paulo da Silva. "Custo efetividade do uso do Peguinterferon alfa 2a combinado com Ribavirina no tratamento de respondedores virológicos lentos coinfectados com VHC/HIV". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4811.
Texto completoWorldwide, hepatitis caused by viral infections has been a major concern for public health because of its chronicity, asymptomatic course and its ability to determine the loss of liver function. With the widespread use of antiretroviral drugs, liver disease related to infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) contributed to a radical change in the natural history of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). No one knows for sure the weight of coinfection HCV/HIV in Brazil, but evidence suggests that, regardless of geographic region, these individuals have greater difficulty in eliminating HCV compared to monoinfected. In the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), the standard antiviral treatment for patients infected with genotype 1 HCV and HIV is the association of pegylated interferon with ribavirin. Regarding the treatment period and which individuals should treat the two most recent protocols have disagreements. The most current protocol calls for treatment of early responders individuals added to slow responders. Since the guideline immediately preceding the 12th week excludes individuals who do not respond completely. Based on this difference, this study aimed to evaluate the costeffectiveness of HCV treatment in individuals with the genotype 1 coinfected with HIV, antiviral-naïve, non-cirrhotic and immunologically stable, undergoing antiviral treatment rules established by two most recent therapeutic guidelines directed to attend by SUS. To this evaluation, was developed a mathematical model of decision, based on Markov chains, simulating the progression of liver disease under treatment and no treatment. It was accompanied by a hypothetical cohort of thousand men individuals, more than 40 years. Was adopted the perspective of the Brazilian Unified Health System, time horizon of 30 years and a discount rate of 5% for the costs and for clinical consequences. The extension of treatment to slow responders provided an increase of 0.28 years of quality-adjusted life (QALY), 7% survival rate and an increase of 60% in the number of individuals who eliminated HCV. Besides the expected benefits in efficacy, the slow viral responders inclusion proved to be a costeffective strategy to achieve an incremental cost-effectiveness of BRL 44,171.00/QALY, value below of acceptability threshold proposed by the World Health Organization (BRL 63,756.00/QALY). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the potentials uncertainties in the model are unable to alter the final result, thus demonstrating the robustness of the analysis. The Inclusion of HCV/HIV co-infected individuals slow virologic responders to treatment protocol, is presented from the point of pharmacoeconomic view, as a strategy to cost-effectiveness favorable for the Brazilian Health System. Its adoption is perfectly compatible with the system perspective, returning better health outcomes with costs below an acceptable budget cap, and the society, to avoid a greater extent, complications and hospitalizations when compared to non-inclusion.
Northfield, John. "Aspects to T-cell phenotype during infection with HIV, CMV and Hepatitis C virus". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:283098ce-e24d-4099-8826-07dcc75381f2.
Texto completoMasembe, Melissa. "The effectiveness of the Stockholm needle exchange programme : Does the Stockholm needle exchange programme control HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C in intravenous drug users?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38802.
Texto completoMaerrawi, Ilham El. "Desenvolvimento de um estudo piloto de uma pesquisa que visa identificar fatores de risco associados às infecções pelo HIV, hepatites B, C e sífilis em população carcerária". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-09122009-174537/.
Texto completoIntroduction: Confined populations are exposed to circumstances that increase their vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections. HIV, hepatitis B and C, and syphilis, encounter at the prison system an environment favorable to their dissemination. Studies in confined populations are surrounded by bureaucratic, ethical and security barriers. Thus, a pilot study is of great importance -for identify obstacles and opportunities that may arise during the implementation of the main study. Objective: implementation of a pilot study on risk behaviors associated to the dissemination of HIV, hepatitis B and C, and syphilis in an incarcerated population. Methods: Cross Sectional study. In July of 2007, in a convenience sample, 107 prisoners were interviewed, face to face, using a standardized questioner. The study was approved by the Human Subject Committee of the Hospital das Clinicas of the School of Medicine from the University of Sao Paulo. Results: the research protocol was strict followed: institutional meetings of the direction and the different professional teams of the prison system; invitation to participants in close contact with prisoners representatives; signature of the consenting forms after the invitation and before the questionnaire was applied. Meetings were conducted to adjust the questionnaire. Interviewers were trained. A dataset using Microsoft Office was elaborated to allow insertion of the data collected. Subjects represented 16, 5% of the prison population. Participants were young, average of 31, 1 years of age. The length time in prison was 18, 7 months in average. The average of the initiation in the use of legal drugs was 14, 7 and illegal drugs 16, 6 years of age. After the arrestment there was a diminishment of the use of drugs, and no injection of drugs was reported. Tattoo inside of the prison was reported by 55, 1%. STI were reported by 41, 2% in life and by 34% in the last month, and 2, 5% reported to be HIV positive. 53, 8% maintained the same amount of sexual relation that they had outside of the prison. From the 28, 6% that regularly used condoms, 26, 3 regularly used inside of the prison too. Interviewed that were involved in aggression were 78, 5% verbal and 65, 1% physic, and 33, 6% refereed being threatened of dead. Marijuana, Alcohol and crack were the drugs involved in such circumstances. Discussion: The pilot study has tested the instrument of research, its applicability and ability to identify risk factors for transmission of the mentioned infections, both within or outside of the prison. The training of interviewers favored both the familiarity with the instrument, as the appropriate contact secure and ethical - with inmates. The experience with this reality has contributed to map vulnerabilities in the implementation of the main study. Limitations of the study: serology and analysis were not part of the pilot study, therefore postponed for the main study with adequate sample. Questionnaires may present problems with the information obtained. Many of the information may not match the reality; both, information or memory biases could be identified.
Farías, Adrián Alejandro. "Hepatitis C en Córdoba: Implicancias de la coinfección HIV/HCV y cambios locales en el perfil epidemiológico molecular". Doctoral thesis, Farías AA. Hepatitis C en Córdoba: Implicancias de la coinfección HIV/HCV y cambios locales en el perfil epidemiológico molecular [Internet]. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 2013 [citado el 13 de febrero de 2020]. Disponible en: https://rdu.unc.edu.ar/handle/11086/6732, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/6732.
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The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered one of the major causes of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Co-infection with HIV accelerates the progression of liver disease, increases the efficiency of transmission of HCV by non-parental routes and has been associated with the decrease in the effectiveness of HAART. Worldwide, HCV distribution and its molecular pattern are markedly heterogeneous and are continuously changing, due to cultural changes, associated to new risk behaviors, as well as population movements. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence and genetic diversity of HCV infection in HIV co-infected individuals of Córdoba, evaluate its influence on antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and in HCV transmission, and identify possible changes in HCV genotype distribution pattern of Córdoba in the last 10 years. This study included the following samples obtained from patients of Córdoba: a) 349 serum samples from chronically infected individuals collected between 1999-2009; b) 86 serum samples from HCV/HIV co-infected patients obtained from a total of 558 HIV+ patients, collected in 2 periods between 2003-2007; and c) 37 biological fluid samples of HCV moninfected (n=21) and HCV/HIV co-infected individuals (n=16) [cervical swab (n=16), saliva (n=37), seminal plasma (n=21) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (n=37)]. RT-nested PCR of the 5’ non-coding region (5’ NC) was used for HCV molecular detection. For genomic characterization and subsequent phylogenetic and viral evolution analysis, non-structural 5B and E1/E2 genomic regions were amplified and sequenced.
El virus de la Hepatitis C es considerado una de las principales causas de hepatitis crónica, cirrosis hepática y cáncer hepático. La coinfección con HIV acelera la progresión de la enfermedad hepática, aumenta la efectividad de la transmisión de HCV por vías no parenterales y ha sido asociada a la disminución de la efectividad de la terapia HAART. A nivel mundial, la distribución y el patrón molecular de HCV son marcadamente heterogéneos y se modifican continuamente debido tanto a cambios culturales, asociados a nuevas conductas de riesgo, como a movimientos poblacionales. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la prevalencia y la diversidad genética de la infección por HCV en individuos coinfectados con HIV de Córdoba, evaluar su influencia en la terapia antiretroviral (HAART) y en la transmisión de HCV, y detectar posibles cambios en el patrón regional de distribución de genotipos en los últimos 10 años. En este estudio se incluyeron las siguientes muestras obtenidas de pacientes de Córdoba: a) 349 muestras de suero obtenidas de individuos crónicamente infectados por HCV colectados entre 1999-2009; b) 86 sueros de pacientes coinfectados HCV/HIV obtenidos de un total de 558 pacientes HIV+, colectados en dos periodos entre 2003-2007; y c) 37 muestras de fluidos biológicos de pacientes monoinfectados (n=21) y coinfectados HCV/HIV (n=16) [hisopado cervical (n=16), saliva (n=37), plasma seminal (n=21) y células mononucleares de sangre periférica (n=37)]. Para la detección molecular de HCV se utilizó RT-nested PCR de la región 5’ no codificante (5’ NC), y para la caracterización genómica y posterior análisis filogenético y evolución viral, se amplificaron y secuenciaron las regiones no estructural 5B y E1/E2.
Fil: Farías, Adrián Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Instituto de Virología Dr. José María Vanella; Argentina.
Sinclair, Michael. "A qualitative exploration of coping and adhering with hepatitis C treatment amongst a cohort of gay men in London co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C". Thesis, University of Essex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435559.
Texto completoBó, Andréa Gurgel Batista Leite Dal. "Avaliação da progressão da fibrose hepática em adultos coinfectados pelo vírus HIV e da hepatite C por meio de biópsias hepáticas pareadas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-01032013-134648/.
Texto completoINTRODUCTION: HIV and hepatitis C virus co-infected patients usually exhibit rapid liver fibrosis progression. However, most studies evaluating this issue indirectly characterize fibrosis progression via single liver biopsy, further using this as basis for calculating the estimated duration of hepatitis C infection. OBJECTIVE: Objectives of this study include: 1- Estimate the annual rate of direct liver fibrosis progression, using analyses of paired biopsy samples from HIVhepatitis C co-infected patients without prior treatment for hepatitis C; 2- Assess the possible association of fibrosis progression with certain clinical variables. METHODS: We evaluated 30 HIV-hepatitis C co-infected patients, with no history of prior treatment for hepatitis C, who underwent two paired liver biopsies. We calculated the annual rate of direct fibrosis progression and determined fibrosis progression, stabilization, and regression. We then performed statistical analysis, testing the association between fibrosis progression and several clinical and demographic variables. RESULTS: The average annual progression rate was 0.13 FU/year, with 36.7% of patients defined as progressors. In univariate analysis, liver fibrosis progression was associated with alanine aminotransferase (p<0.001) and aspartate aminotransferase (p<0.0340) levels over three times the upper limit of normal present at first biopsy. There was also an association between above-normal alanine aminotransferase (p=0.049) and aspartate aminotransferase (p=0.013) levels and necroinflammatory activity at first biopsy. CONCLUSION: Elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels appear to be associated with higher necroinflammatory activity and more accelerated liver fibrosis progression among HIV-hepatitis C co-infected patients
Silva, Synara Alexandre Araujo. "Desenvolvimento de uma técnica molecular para detecção e quantificação do vírus da hepatite G (GBV-C/HGV)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-22062010-123341/.
Texto completoIntroduction: The Hepatitis G (GBV-C / HGV) agent is a flavivirus. Its genome is composed of single stranded RNA of positive polarity, replicating in lymphocytes. Up to now, it hasn\'t been implicated in any disease associated to human beings. Recent studies demonstrate that persons co-infected by the viruses GBV-C / HGV and HIV have a slower rate of progression to AIDS and death, although some studies have failed in demonstrating such effects. Objective: To determine the soroprevalence and viremia (qualitative) of GBV-C / HGV in samples from HIV-infected women. To develop a methodology of Real-Time PCR for GBV-C / HGV viral load determination. Methods: The presence of antibody and GBV-C/HGV RNA was evaluated in 253 plasma samples from HIV infected women, collected between 1997-99. An immunoenzymatic assay (EIA kit for anti-E2, Roche(TM)) was applied to obtain the seroprevalence while the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), nested PCR, and a standardized Taqman based real-time PCR (RT-PCR), were used in the assessment of viral RNA. For the viral load, a standard-curve was made with serial dilutions of a plasma bag containing GBV-C/ HGV RNA+, and results were expressed in random units/mL, in comparison to the reference matherial. Results: Of the 253 samples tested, 64 were positive for anti-E2 (25.3%), 36 RNA positive by PCR (14.2%), and 57 (22.5%) where both nested PCR and real-time PCR RNA positive, for a total exposure index of 48%. The mean viral load was of 1.396 RU/mL (13.625 - 1.1 RU/mL). GBV-C/HGV Viremia was not correlated to HIV laboratorial parameters, i.e. CD4 and HIV-RNA counts. Conclusions: A simple, fast and efficient system for the determination of GBV-C/HGV viral load was developed, presenting appropriate sensitivity and specificity, allowing reproducible quantification of GBV-C RNA in stored plasma samples. The methodology allows simultaneous analysis of a large number of samples, being appropriate for clinical studies. The prevalence of exposition to this agent in the studied female population is high, probably a consequence of the common sexual way of transmission of the agents.
Soares, Celina Maria Pereira de Moraes. "Soroprevalência das hepatites B e C, CRAIDS, Santos - 2004/2005". Universidade Católica de Santos, 2006. http://biblioteca.unisantos.br:8181/handle/tede/593.
Texto completoEsta pesquisa é um estudo transversal, com método quantitativo e análise de prevalência dos dados. Apresenta como objetivo estimar a soroprevalência das hepatites virais B e C em pacientes infectados pelo HIV. A justificativa deste estudo evidencia-se nas atuais doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (HIV e HBV) e de transmissão sanguínea (HIV, HBV e HCV), por protagonizar substancialmente o panorama do enfrentamento mundial em saúde pública. Santos/SP, cidade litorânea e turística, onde está localizado o maior porto marítimo da América Latina, com um grande número de homens que fazem sexo com homens, mulheres trabalhadores do sexo e usuários de drogas injetáveis, além de apresentar população flutuante de turistas, trabalhadores diretos e indiretos na atividade portuária. Neste sentido constrói um perfil humano relevante que caracteriza a elaboração do atual estudo. A coleta de dados foi realizada na população de pacientes matriculados no Centro de Referência em Aids CRAIDS, Santos, SP. A amostra foi constituída por 1438 pessoas, no período de fevereiro de 2004 a fevereiro de 2005. A análise nos prontuários foi realizada selecionando resultados de marcadores sorológicos para as hepatite B (HBsAg e anti-HBs) e hepatite C (anti-HCV), pela técnica de ELISA, além dos exames sorológicos de menor contagem de linfócitos T CD4+ e maior contagem de carga viral para o HIV, considerando as variáveis: sexo, idade, escolaridade, estado civil, forma de contaminação. Os resultados demonstraram que na população dos 1438 indivíduos HIV+, 54.6% eram do sexo masculino e 45.4% do feminino. Em relação à idade, 71% estavam entre 30 e 49 anos e 54.3% com nível de escolaridade no ensino fundamental. A contagem de linfócitos CD4+ revelou 43.7% com níveis abaixo de 200 células /mm³. Considerando a soroprevalência dos marcadores HBsAg, anti-HBs, Anti-HCV e fatores de risco para essas doenças obtivemos uma prevalência global de HBsAg de 7.4% e 23.5% para o anti-HCV. As variáveis que apresentaram associação com o HBV foram: idade, baixos níveis de células T CD4+, homossexualidade masculina e UDI; para HCV: idade, sexo, escolaridade de nível superior e UDI.
King, S. "An investigation into the genetic variation of hepatitis C virus in patients coinfected with HIV". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2052665/.
Texto completoGogela, Neliswa Antonia. "Hepatitis C prevalence in HIV infected heterosexual men and men who have sex with men". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29567.
Texto completoNeto, Gaspar Lisbôa. "Identificação de polimorfismos e mutações primárias de resistência aos inibidores de protease (NS3/NS4A) no vírus da hepatite C em pacientes com hepatite C crônica monoinfectados e coinfectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-31072017-150758/.
Texto completoINTRODUCTION: Chronic hepatitis C is a major cause of liver disease worldwide. Hepatitis C vírus (HCV) and HIV coinfection is not uncommon due to similar transmission routes. Recently developed direct-acting antivirals drugs (DAAs) have increased the rate of SVR even in coinfected patients. HCV has a high replication rate and a lack of proofreading activity, leading to a greatly diverse viral population. Baseline spontaneously occurring resistance substitutions in the protease region may impair the rate of success in some protease inhibitors (PI) based regimens. OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of naturally occurring polymorphisms and resistance associated variants to HCV PIs in mono and coinfected HCV HIV patients and to evaluate potential associations between amino acid substitutions in protease domain and clinical / virological features of those patients. METHODS: Clinical and epidemiological data were retrieved from medical records of 247 subjects in Brazil (135 HCV monoinfected and 112 HIV HCV coinfected patients). HCV-RNA was extracted from plasma and a fragment of 765 base pairs from the NS3 region was amplified and sequenced with Sanger-based technology. Fibrosis staging was assessed by non invasive score (FIB-4). RESULTS: Overall, 54 patients (21.9%) had at least one amino acid substitution in the NS3 region; only 14 patients (5.7%) harboured at least one resistance mutation (T54S, V55A, Q80R). Q80K mutation was not found in any sample. There was no difference between monoinfected and coinfected patients regarding the frequency of natural polymorphisms and resistance mutations. Variables independently associated with amino acid substitution were HCV subtype 1b, total bilirubin level > 1.5 ULN and albumin level < 3.5 g/dL. Advanced liver fibrosis (FIB-4 > 3.25) was not related to NS3 polymorphisms nor resistance associated variants. Examination of HCV protease nucleotide diversity revealed greater heterogeneity in subtype 1b than subtype 1a. Analysis of selective pressure did not reveal a greater quasispecies variability in advanced liver fibrosis group, being such finding consistent with a relatively conserved gene in this setting. CONCLUSION: Baseline HCV NS3 amino acid substitutions depicted herein were considered mostly natural polymorphisms with no clinical impact in a PI based therapy. The prevalence of resistance-associated substitutions was low and compatible with values reported by most national and international studies. HIV coinfection was not associated with a greater frequency of such substitutions in the studied sample. The NS3 region of genotype 1b was highly variable in relation to genotype 1a, highlighting geographic differences concerning HCV genetic profile
Cabrera, Christine M. "Measurement of Stigma and Relationships Between Stigma, Depression, and Attachment Style Among People with HIV and People with Hepatitis C". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30348.
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