Literatura académica sobre el tema "History of psychiatry and the medico-social field"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "History of psychiatry and the medico-social field"
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Pereira, Izadora De Sousa, Amanda Plácido da Silva Macêdo, Ivna Celli Assunção de Sá, Larissa Melo Moreira y Modesto Leite Rolim Neto. "Social Psychiatry and the demand for Mental Health Services: Some caution is valid?" Amadeus International Multidisciplinary Journal 4, n.º 7 (27 de octubre de 2019): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/aimj.v4i7.90.
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Mental health in the interface with social psychiatryis a constantly evolving field. Psychiatry faces major challenges. The therapeutic relationship remains paramount. Methods: A Short Communication that focus the informational spaces of professional interests, many new ideas and concepts what are issued under the banner of "social psychiatry.". Include: discovery or development of new information’s, novelty in modeling scientific and channels of information. Results: The evidences emphasize that Mental illness and interventions in psychiatry should be considered in the of social context where patients live and factors they face on a daily basis. There’s a need for greater numbers of psychiatrists. Limitations: As Short Communications are expected to have higher than average impact on the field rather than report on incremental research, they will receive prioritized and rapid publication. Conclusion: Social values and concepts have played a central role in the history of mental health care, allowing more focus on possible environmental causes or factors. Keywords: Social Psychiatryis; Mental Health; Therapeutic Relationship.
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Toms, Jonathan. "MIND, Anti-Psychiatry, and the Case of the Mental Hygiene Movement’s ‘Discursive Transformation’". Social History of Medicine 33, n.º 2 (17 de noviembre de 2018): 622–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hky096.
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Summary During the 1970s the National Association for Mental Health (NAMH) re-labelled itself MIND, becoming a rights-based organisation, critiquing psychiatry and emphasising patients’ citizenship. Its transformation has been coloured by attributions of the influence of anti-psychiatry. This article argues that the relevance of anti-psychiatry has been over-simplified. It examines MIND’s history as part of the psychiatric strategy known as mental hygiene. This movement’s agenda can be understood as paradigmatic of much that anti-psychiatry renounced. However, building on the sociologist Nick Crossley’s description of the interactional nature of Social Movement Organisations in the psychiatric field, this article shows that a ‘discursive transformation’ can be deduced in core elements of mental hygienist thinking. This transformation of discourse clearly prefigured important elements of anti-psychiatry, and also fed into MIND’s rights approach. But it must be appreciated on its own terms. Its distinctiveness under MIND is shown in its application to people with learning disabilities.
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Myllykangas, Mikko y Katariina Parhi. "The History of Psychiatric Epidemiology in Finland: From National Needs to International Arenas, 1900s–1990s". Bulletin of the History of Medicine 97, n.º 2 (junio de 2023): 321–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a905733.
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summary: Psychiatric epidemiology has significantly influenced public health policies all around the world. This article discusses how Finnish epidemiologists reacted to local needs, which were born in specific circumstances and were controlled by science policy and funding opportunities. The development between the 1900s and 1990s is divided into three stages. The first Finnish studies in the field focused on the prevalence of mental illnesses in the country. The focus was to gain information for service planning, most of all to estimate the need for new hospitals and to set up the national social insurance system. After the Second World War, structural changes and social engineering fueled epidemiological interest. From the 1960s until the late 1980s, psychiatric epidemiology was interconnected with social psychiatry, which held a strong position in Finland. Since the 1990s, Finnish psychiatric epidemiology has been integrated with international epidemiology by using shared methodologies and through participation in transnational studies.
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Delille, Emmanuel. "Eric Wittkower and the foundation of Montréal’s Transcultural Psychiatry Research Unit after World War II". History of Psychiatry 29, n.º 3 (27 de marzo de 2018): 282–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x18765417.
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Eric Wittkower founded McGill University’s Transcultural Psychiatry Unit in 1955. One year later, he started the first international newsletter in this academic field: Transcultural Psychiatry. However, at the beginning of his career Wittkower gave no signs that he would be interested in social sciences and psychiatry. This paper describes the historical context of the post-war period, when Wittkower founded the research unit in Montréal. I focus on the history of scientific networks and the circulation of knowledge, and particularly on the exchanges between the French- and English-speaking academic cultures in North America and Europe. Because the history of transcultural psychiatry is a transnational history par excellence, this leads necessarily to the question of the reception of this academic field abroad.
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Delille, Emmanuel y Ivan Crozier. "Historicizing transcultural psychiatry: people, epistemic objects, networks, and practices". History of Psychiatry 29, n.º 3 (14 de mayo de 2018): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x18775589.
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The history of transcultural psychiatry has recently attracted much historical attention, including a workshop in March 2016 in which an international panel of scholars met at the Maison de Sciences de l’Homme Paris-Nord (MSH-PN). Papers from this workshop are presented here. By conceiving of transcultural psychiatry as a dynamic social field that frames its knowledge claims around epistemic objects that are specific to the field, and by focusing on the ways that concepts within this field are used to organize intellectual work, several themes are explored that draw this field into the historiography of psychiatry. Attention is paid to the organization of networks and publications, and to important actors within the field who brought about significant developments in the colonial and post-colonial conceptions of mental illness.
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Gomez Juanes, R. y P. Herbera Gonzalez. "Bioethics in psychiatry". European Psychiatry 26, S2 (marzo de 2011): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72464-6.
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IntroductionBioethics in psychiatry is a research area that is gaining more relevance each year. To understand what bioethics is we need to clarify some concepts.Morals are the rules that govern the behaviour of humans being in relation to society and themselves but that does not imply alone the concept of good or bad.Ethics consider what is moral, how to rationally justify a moral system and how it is applied then to different areas of our social life. We therefore conclude that bioethics is responsible for studying what is moral in the field of human behavior.ObjectivesWe provide a historical review of bioethics in psychiatry from the Middle Ages to the present day.MethodologyHaving reviewed documents we will cover the key historical events which changed the course of bioethics in psychiatry as well as in other areas of medicine.ResultsIn our field, Psychiatry, Bioethics is a relatively new discipline which has changed over the centuries to find a model based on patient autonomy and beneficence. These two basic ethical principles were specially established since the Belmont Report was published in the 70s.ConclusionsDespite the changes and evolution through the history, bioethics is a subject that still requires more research and analysis. There are still few professionals who have an adequate training in bioethics.
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HOUSTON, R. A. "A LATENT HISTORIOGRAPHY? THE CASE OF PSYCHIATRY IN BRITAIN, 1500–1820". Historical Journal 57, n.º 1 (29 de enero de 2014): 289–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x1300054x.
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ABSTRACTBoth empirically and interpretively, extant histories of psychiatry reveal a vastly greater degree of difference among themselves than historical accounts of any other field. Scholarship focuses on the period after 1800 and the same is true of historiographical reviews; those of early modern British psychiatry are often brief literature studies. This article sets out in depth the development of this rich and varied branch of history since the 1950s, exploring the many different approaches that have contributed to understanding the mad and how they were treated. Social, cultural, philosophical, religious, and intellectual historians have contributed as much as historians of science and medicine to understanding an enduring topic of fascination: ‘disorders of consciousness and conduct’ and their context. Appreciating the sometimes unacknowledged lineages of the subject and the personal histories of scholars (roots and routes) makes it easier to understand the past, present, and future of the history of psychiatry. The article explores European and North American influences as well as British traditions, looking at both the main currents of historiographical change and developments particular to the history of psychiatry.
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Gonçalves, Arthur Maciel Nunes, Clarissa de Rosalmeida Dantas, Claudio E. M. Banzato y Ana Maria Galdini Raimundo Oda. "A historical account of schizophrenia proneness categories from DSM-I to DSM-5 (1952-2013)". Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental 21, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2018): 798–828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-4714.2018v21n4p798.7.
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The history of diagnostic classifications in psychiatry has been recognized as a privileged means of access to the vicissitudes inherent to the configuration of a scientific and professional field, also bringing significant contributions to conceptual history. We have taken as primary sources the five editions of the DSM (1952-2013) to examine the construction of diagnostic categories related to schizophrenia proneness, indicating the scientific and social contexts related to the development of DSM and psychiatry itself. Along this process we highlight the conditions of possibility for the emergence of the Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome, a highly controversial diagnostic proposal, in the elaboration of DSM-5. This proposal ended up being rejected not only on scientific grounds, but also because of feared unintended consequences.
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Scalise, C., M. A. Sacco, A. Zibetti, P. De Fazio, P. Ricci y I. Aquila. "Suicide presentation and the risk at the time of the mandatory quarantine for the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic: medico-legal and forensic aspects". European Psychiatry 65, S1 (junio de 2022): S531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1356.
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Introduction COVID-19 pandemic is the most important health emergency of the 21st century. Since the high number of infected people and as there is still no specific therapy worldwide, the pandemic has been countered through the application of prevention measures based on social distancing and home isolation. These elements are known risk factors for the development of various psychiatric conditions. From a forensic point of view, these pathologies are related to a high suicide rate. Objectives It is no coincidence that during the previous pandemics that have occurred in history there has been a significant increase in suicides. By this work, we therefore want to highlight the psychological consequences of a pandemic and the importance of preventive strategies. Methods It is important to focus not only on physical well-being but also on the psychological aspects that the pandemic produces in the daily life of each individual Results If the infecting agent causes the death of millions of people around the world, the socio-economic context that is created indirectly determines as many deaths. Conclusions Therefore it is necessary to underline how it is advisable to implement preventive measures in order to significantly reduce deaths from suicide, a problem with an important impact in the social and forensic fields. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Prudo, R. y H. Munroe Blum. "Five-year Outcome and Prognosis in Schizophrenia: A Report from the London Field Research Centre of the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia". British Journal of Psychiatry 150, n.º 3 (marzo de 1987): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.150.3.345.
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A sample of 100 schizophrenic patients admitted to London area psychiatric hospitals were examined as part of the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia. Clinical and social outcome were variable. At 5-year follow-up, 49% had good symptomatic outcome and 42%, good social outcome. Poor social functioning at inclusion was predictive of poor symptomatic outcome. Illness history (IH), occupational functioning (OF), social relationship functioning (SRF), negative and non-specific symptoms (NNS) at initial evaluation, and their interaction with sex and race accounted for 32% of the 5-year symptomatic outcome variance (n = 84; F=3.48; P<0.001). OF, SRF, housing status, NNS and their interaction with sex, race and age accounted for 47% of the social outcome variance (n = 62; F=2.62; P<0.007).
Tesis sobre el tema "History of psychiatry and the medico-social field"
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Basset, Isabelle. "Des "idiots" à l'hôpital psychiatrique depuis les années soixante : quand l'histoire institutionnelle devient celle du sujet". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AMIE0097.
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Ce travail s'appuie sur notre expérience de psychologue clinicienne dans une maison d'accueil spécialisée. L'institution, ouverte en 2003, a été créée par un hôpital psychiatrique afin d'y orienter ses patients déficitaires hospitalisés depuis l'enfance. Lors de notre arrivée dans l'institution en 2011, l'histoire subjective de chaque accueilli nous a semblé occultée par une histoire collective où se mêlaient nos représentations historiques de la psychiatrie asilaire évoquant la déshumanisation, la promiscuité et les mauvais traitements. Dans les dossiers d'hospitalisation, nous avons retrouvé le terme générique d'"idiotie" et une certaine confusion diagnostique. Nous nous sommes alors intéressée aux conceptions historiques de l'idiotie pour y reconnaître leur influence sur le traitement, tant thérapeutique que social, de ces sujets présentant des pathologies de type archaïque. En envisageant l'histoire avec une dimension d'héritage transgénérationnel, nous avons éclairé la rémanence des thématiques anciennes d'incurabilité, d'inéducabilité et de dégénérescence, qui sont devenues peu à peu des représentations collectives. Ce sont leurs traces que nous avons étudiées tout au long de ce travail, leur transformation soutenant des processus fantasmatiques envahissants générant des expériences de honte, articulées aux mécanismes d'indifférenciation, de mésinscription et de liminalité. À partir d'un matériel clinique constitué des dossiers, des rencontres avec des familles, mais aussi avec des anciens soignants de l'hôpital, nous proposons qu'une démarche historisante et narrative devienne opérante pour les intervenants de la maison d'accueil spécialisée et ses accueillis, afin d'enrayer les mécanismes déshumanisants du clastique et de l'archaïque qui constituent cette clinique de l'extrême. Ainsi, considérer l'histoire singulière du sujet consiste à lui permettre d'occuper une place différenciée dans la relation intersubjective. Notre thèse s'appuie sur un regard épistémologique au croisement des sciences humaines pour interroger le processus d'institutionnalisation de ces sujets déficitaires et ses impacts, dans une dimension tant métapsychologique que socio-historique. Nous l'articulons à l'évolution des politiques publiques concernant la psychiatrie et le champ médico-social en FranceThis research is based on the author work as a clinical psychologist in a specialized care home. The institution, opened in 2003, was created by a psychiatric hospital in order to orient its deficient patients who had been hospitalised since childhood. When the author arrived in the institution in 2011, the subjective history of each patient seemed to be obscured by a collective history in which our historical representations of asylums, evoking dehumanisation, promiscuity and ill-treatment, were mixed. In the hospitalization files, the author found the generic term "idiocy" and a certain diagnostic confusion. She then looked at the historical conceptions of idiocy to recognise their influence on the treatment, both therapeutic and social, of these subjects with archaic pathologies. By considering history with a dimension of transgenerational inheritance, she have shed light on the persistence of ancient themes of incurability, ineducability and degeneracy, which have gradually become collective representations. It is their traces that she have studied throughout this work, their transformation supporting invasive phantasmatic processes generating experiences of shame, articulated to mechanisms of indifferentiation, misinscription and liminality. Based on clinical material consisting of files, meetings with families, but also with former hospital carers, she propose that a historicising and narrative approach becomes operative for the workers of the specialised home and its residents, in order to curb the dehumanising mechanisms of the clastic and the archaic which constitute this "extreme" clinical practice. Thus, considering the singular history of the subject consists in allowing him to occupy a differentiated place in the intersubjective relationship. This thesis is based on an epistemological viewpoint at the crossroads of the human sciences in order to question the process of institutionalisation of the subject with an intellectual disability and its impacts, in both a metapsychological and socio-historical dimension. The author link it to the evolution of public policies concerning psychiatry and the medico-social field in France
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Holm, Marie-Louise. "Fleshing out the self : Reimagining intersexed and trans embodied lives through (auto)biographical accounts of the past". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-137432.
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This thesis explores how current ways of imagining possibilities for intersexed and trans embodied lives within medical contexts might be informed by and reimagined through the historical lived experiences of intersexed and trans individuals as they have been articulated in autobiographical accounts. Postmodern, queer, intersex, and trans researchers and activists have criticised existing standards of intersex and trans healthcare for limiting the possibilities for diverse embodied lives by articulating certain forms of embodiment and selfhood as more likely to enable a liveable life than others. This has often been done in a medico-legal context by referring to experiences in the past of the unliveability of corporealities and gendersexed situations that differ from privileged positions. With a point of departure in these critiques, this thesis reopens questions about how intersexed and trans people may be embodied and have relations with others by reflecting upon the period of the first three-quarters of the 20th century, when the present standards of care and diagnostic categories were emerging, but had not yet become established. Drawing upon a unique set of historical source material from the archives of the Danish Ministry of Justice and the Medico-Legal Council, intersexed and trans persons’ life stories are rearticulated from their own and medico-legal experts’ accounts written in relation to applications for change of legal gendersex status and medical transition. In this way, the process is traced through which these life stories have been repeatedly rearticulated in order to become a usable basis for diagnosis and decision-making. At the same time, the stories are unfolded once more in a rearticulation focusing on their complexity and diversity.Denna avhandling undersöker hur nuvarande sätt att föreställa sig möjligheter för intersexuella och transpersoners liv inom medicinska sammanhang kan informeras av och omföreställas genom historiska livserfarenheter hos intersexuella och transindivider, som de har artikulerats i självbiografiska berättelser. Postmoderna, queer, intersex- och transforskare och aktivister har kritiserat existerande normer för intersex- och transhälsovård för att begränsa möjligheterna för olika förkroppsligande liv genom att artikulera vissa former av förkroppsligande och subjektivitet som mer sannolikt att möjliggöra ett levbart liv än andra. Detta har ofta gjorts i ett medicinskt-juridiskt sammanhang genom att hänvisa till förflutna erfarenheter av levbarhet kring förkroppsligande och genusifierande situationer som skiljer sig från privilegierade positioner. Med utgångspunkt i denna kritik, återupptar denna avhandling frågor om hur intersexuella och transpersoner kan bli förkroppsligade och ha relationer till andra, genom att reflektera kring de första tre fjärdedelarna av nittonhundratalet när de nuvarande normerna för vård och diagnostiska kategorier uppstod, men ännu inte blivit etablerade. Med utgångspunkt i en unik uppsättning av historiskt källmaterial från Danska Justitiedepartementet och Medicinsk-Etiska Rådets arkiv, återges intersexuella och transpersoners livshistorier från egna och medicinsk-etiska experters berättelser skrivna i relation till ansökningar av förändring av juridiskt kön och medicinsk transition. Genom denna process har livshistorier upprepande gånger blivit omartikulerade för att bli en användbar grund för diagnos och beslutsfattande. Samtidigt är dessa livshistorier uppöppnade än en gång i en omartikulation med fokus på deras komplexitet och mångfald.
Libros sobre el tema "History of psychiatry and the medico-social field"
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Davies, Will, Julian Savulescu, Rebecca Roache y J. Pierre Loebel, eds. Psychiatry Reborn: Biopsychosocial psychiatry in modern medicine. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198789697.001.0001.
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Psychiatry Reborn: Biopsychosocial Psychiatry in Modern Medicine is a comprehensive collection of essays by leading experts in the field, and provides a timely reassessment of the biopsychosocial approach in psychiatry. Spanning the sciences and philosophy of psychiatry, the essays offer complementary perspectives on the ever more urgent importance of the biopsychosocial approach to modern medicine. The collection brings together ideas from the series of Loebel Lectures by world leaders in the field of psychiatry and associated Workshops at the University of Oxford, including revised versions of the Lectures themselves, and a wide range of related commentaries and position pieces. With contributions from psychiatry, psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy, the book provides the most comprehensive account to date of the interplay between biological, psychological, and social factors in mental health and their ethical dimensions. The 23 chapters of this multi-authored book review the history and place of the biopsychosocial model in medicine, and explore its strengths and shortcomings. In particular, the book considers how understanding this interplay might lead to more effective treatments for mental health disorders as developments in genomic and other neurobiological medicine challenge traditional conceptions and approaches to the research and treatment of mental health disorders. The book explores the challenges and rewards of developing diagnostic tools and clinical interventions that take account of the inextricably intertwined biopsychosocial domains, and the ethical implications of the conceptualization. It concludes with chapters drawing together the book’s range of expertise to propose a best conception of the model, and how it might be adopted going forward in an age of exponentially increasing technological advances and of integrated/collaborative care. The volume is intended to present the biopsychosocial model as it stands today in the academy, the laboratory, and the clinic, and to start to address the challenges and potential that the model has for each.
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Bloch, Sidney y Stephen A. Green, eds. Psychiatric Ethics. 5a ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198839262.001.0001.
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Ethical issues inherent in psychiatric research and clinical practice are invariably complex and multifaceted. Well-reasoned ethical decision-making is essential to deal effectively with patients and enhance their care. Drawing on the positive reception of Psychiatric Ethics since its first publication in 1981, this highly anticipated fifth edition offers psychiatrists and other mental health professionals a coherent guide to dealing with the diverse ethical issues that challenge them. This edition has been substantially updated to reflect the many changes that have occurred in the field during the past decade. Its 25 chapters are grouped in three sections, as follows: 1) clinical practice in child and adolescent psychiatry, consultation-liaison psychiatry, psychogeriatrics, community psychiatry, and forensic psychiatry; 2) relevant basic sciences such as neuroethics and genetics; and 3) philosophical and social contexts including the history of ethics in psychiatry and the nature of professionalism. Principal aspects of clinical practice in general, such as confidentiality, boundary violations, and involuntary treatment, are covered comprehensively, as is a new chapter on diagnosis. Given the contributors’ expertise in their respective fields, Psychiatric Ethics will undoubtedly continue to serve as a significant resource for all mental health professionals, whatever the role they play in psychiatry. It will also benefit students of moral philosophy in their professional pursuits.
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Sadler, John Z., C. W. van Staden y K. W. M. Fulford. Introduction. Editado por John Z. Sadler, K. W. M. Fulford y Cornelius Werendly van Staden. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732365.013.1.
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TheOxford Handbook of Psychiatric Ethicsis the most comprehensive treatment of the field in history. The editors briefly describe the goals, scope, and organization of the book. Major themes and the state of the field in the twenty-first century are then addressed. Psychiatric ethics is an excellent framework to examine social changes in psychiatry over the past 25 years. These include multiculturalism and its associated diversity of values; the transition to the digital era with new demands on confidentiality, clinical boundaries, and privacy; the empowerment of psychiatric service users as full participants and co-producers of care; the development of new technologies of assessment and treatment, varying in their invasiveness and risk; the recognition of expanded social roles for psychiatrists, and the associated virtues of psychiatric citizenship; and the development of new practice models, settings, participants, and oversight—representing profound challenges and opportunities for the ethical practice of psychiatry.
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Hunt, Nancy Rose. Health and Healing. Editado por John Parker y Richard Reid. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572472.013.0020.
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The ‘Health and Healing’ field emerged in the late 1970s as a way to focus more on vernacular healing practice and the politics of health. The essay covers an earlier generation of colonial anthropological work; key concepts like public healing, the social costs of production, drums of affliction, ambivalence, translation, debility, care, and therapeutic citizenship; and major themes, including colonial medicine, health workers, reproductive health, the psychiatric, experimentality, global health, and conjoined healing and harming dynamics. It argues that the field produced a now vibrant and quite presentist genre, ethnographic history; that the new STS-influenced work on materialities, memory, and war is vital; but that this field in African history is also worthy of robust research producing a deeper past.
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Balboni, Michael y John Peteet, eds. Spirituality and Religion Within the Culture of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190272432.001.0001.
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This book provides a comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between spirituality, religion, and medicine evaluating current empirical research and academic scholarship. In Part 1, the book examines the relationship of religion, spirituality, and the practice of medicine by assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the most recent empirical research of religion/spirituality within twelve distinct fields of medicine including pediatrics, psychiatry, internal medicine, surgery, palliative care, and medical ethics. Written by leading clinician researchers in their fields, contributors provide case examples and highlight best practices when engaging religion/spirituality within clinical practice. This is the first collection that assesses how the medical context interacts with patient spirituality recognizing crucial differences between contexts from obstetrics and family medicine, to nursing, to gerontology and the ICU. Recognizing the interdisciplinary aspects of spirituality, religion, and health, Part 2 of the book turns to academic scholarship outside the field of medicine to consider cultural dimensions that form clinical practice. Social-scientific, practical, and humanity fields include psychology, sociology, anthropology, law, history, philosophy, and theology. This is the first time in a single volume that readers can reflect on these multi-dimensional, complex issues with contributions from leading scholars. In Part III, the book concludes with a synthesis, identifying the best studies in the field of religion and health, ongoing weaknesses in research, and highlighting what can be confidently believed based on prior studies. The synthesis also considers relations between the empirical literature on religion and health and the theological and religious traditions, discussing places of convergence and tension, as well as remaining open questions for further reflection and research.
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Gotman, Kélina. Choreomania. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190840419.001.0001.
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This book traces the emergence and spread of the choreomania concept through colonial medical and ethnographic circles, showing how fantasies of instability—and of the Oriental other—haunted scientific modernity. Scenes from the archives of medical history, neurology, psychiatry, sociology, religion, and popular journalism show how the discursive history of the ‘dancing mania’ moved and transformed with its translations throughout the colonial world. From antiquarian references to ancient Greek bacchanals and medieval St. Vitus’s dances, to scientific reperformances of early modern religious ecstasies, and American government anthropology, ‘choreomania’ arose to signal every sort of gestural and choreographic unrest. Village kermesses, revolutionary crowds, and neuromotor disorders—including hysteria, epilepsy, and chorea—were among the many unruly forms of locomotion indiscriminately compared to bacchanalian turmoil. So too, charges of spontaneous political agitation levied against demonstrators from Africa and South America to the South Seas reveal heightened anxieties about the spread of social disorder. Initially employed to describe ‘contagious’ popular dances, jerking movements, and convulsions, with decolonization, the ‘dancing disease’ increasingly described the fitful drama of anti-European revolt. Closely indebted to the work of Michel Foucault, this book opens a new chapter on the way we think epidemic madness and the organization and disorganization of bodies and disciplines in the modern age. Setting ideas about disruptively moving bodies at the heart of the scientific enterprise, this book argues that disciplines themselves were at once more porous and mobile than is commonly allowed, and that ‘dance’ itself has to be radically reimagined across fields.
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "History of psychiatry and the medico-social field"
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Bagga, Harjit y Gurvinder Kalra. "Sexual diversity". En Oxford Textbook of Social Psychiatry, editado por Dinesh Bhugra, Driss Moussaoui y Tom J. Craig, 457—C47.P103. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198861478.003.0047.
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Abstract Historically, diversity in human sexuality, such as same-sex attraction (or the older term, ‘homosexuality’), was steeped in psychopathology, but is now accepted as a healthy variation of the human experience. This chapter aims to explore this evolving area through a review of its history in psychiatry to present-day best practice suggestions for clinicians. Commonly used terminology in the field will be reviewed, and the current research to understand the aetiology, prevalence, and cultural factors associated with sexual diversity as worldwide phenomenon will be explored. Changes in diagnostic nomenclature and the underpinning influences in these processes will be discussed. Finally, commonly co-occurring mental health issues and current best practice guidelines to support this cohort clinically will be presented.
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Vidal, Fernando. "Jean Starobinski: The History of Psychiatry as the Cultural History of Consciousness". En Discovering the History of Psychiatry, 135–54. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195077391.003.0007.
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Abstract The name of the Genevan critic Jean Starobinski will most likely evoke masterful readings of Rousseau and Montaigne or insightful reconstructions of the world of the Enlightenment. With the possible exception of the history of melancholy, much more rarely will it be associated with the history of psychiatry, or more generally with that of the human sciences. A small number of the critic’s contributions to these fields have appeared in some of his books. Most of them, however, remain scattered, and nothing suggests that they are known as widely as they deserve. Yet Starobinski’s historical work is exemplary in its perspective on the problematic relations between psychological concepts and experiences, and between medical thought and the larger culture. He is one of those rare scholars who successfully straddle the “two cultures,” combining literary elegance with medical training, and a truly cosmopolitan erudition with an uncommon openness to the various humanistic disciplines.1 Starobinski’s oeuvre has won him a wide reputation and several prestigious awards. Whole issues of such different reviews as the Centre Pompidou’s refined Cahiers pour un temps and the more popular Magazine litteraire have been devoted to his work. These honors acknowledge his insights into the fabric of European culture from the Enlightenment to the present, as well as his outstanding literary qualities. Nevertheless, although Starobinski is a major figure of the European intellectual landscape, the reason that the writings to be presented here remain less known and influential than those of other authors included in this volume is perfectly simple. Starobinski is not primarily a historian of psychiatry; his approach and style are not typical of the profession, do not correspond to its major specialized interests, and do not follow prevailing academic currents. Nor are they likely to inaugurate methodologies, lead to crucial empirical findings, or dispense definite interpretive frameworks. The history of science, including that of psychiatry, is inherently porous; its boundaries are, and must, remain open; it is riddled with questions of definition and delimitation; most of its subject matter calls for transdisciplinary research and for extended connections with social and cultural history.
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Bailey, Susan. "Juvenile delinquency and serious antisocial behaviour". En New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 1945–60. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0260.
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Juvenile crime and delinquency represent a significant social and public health concern. Both rates of mental disorders and offending are high during adolescence. This chapter reviews prevalence rates of mental disorders in young offenders, screening, and assessment of juveniles, principles of interventions with young offenders before describing principles of forensic mental health, policy and practice, how mental disorders in adolescence can impact on offending and antisocial behaviour, how policy is shaping practice in this field and how mental health practitioners may be involved in meeting mental health needs and undertaking medico-legal assessments Delinquency, conduct problems, and aggression all refer to antisocial behaviours that reflect a failure of the individual to conform his or her behaviour to the expectations of some authority figure, to societalnorms, or to respect the rights of other people. The ‘behaviours’ can range from mild conflicts with authority figures, to major violation of societalnorms, to serious violations of the rights of others. The term ‘delinquency’ implies that the acts could result in conviction, although most do not do so. The term ‘juvenile’ usually applies to the age range, extending from a lower age set by age of criminal responsibility to an upper age when a young person can be dealt with in courts for adult crimes. These ages vary between, and indeed within, countries and are not the same for all offences.
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Hunt, Nancy Rose. "Madness, the Psychopolitical, and the Vernacular". En Psychiatric Contours, 1–39. Duke University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478059325-001.
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Nancy Rose Hunt, “Madness, the Psychopolitical, and the Vernacular: Rethinking Psychiatric Histories”: The introduction offers an innovative, critical historiographical overview of the field of psychiatric and madness scholarship for Africa, with a comprehensive historical overview of evidence and stories about madness in African history and scholarly studies, and attention to category work, sensibilities, and three concepts: madness, the psychopolitical, and the vernacular. The psychopolitical is explored as a way to broach dictators’ mental states, convergences, and social moods or atmosopheres. The virtues of the term vernacular is explored as an alternative to the traditional, a counterpoint to the psychiatric, and in relation to being attentive to and mining residual forms and vocabularies. Drawing on Frantz Fanon, the chapter uses Michel Foucault’s take on “vivacity” and early modern madness to interpret madness capaciously within African histories of all eras. The chapter frames the entire book, and is followed immediately by a descriptive review of each chapter.
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Stone, Arthur A. "Measurement of Affective Response". En Measuring Stress, 148–71. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086416.003.0007.
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Abstract Affect has a long history in the social and behavioral sciences. It has played a central role in a wide range of theoretical developments and has comprised a large and active field of investigation. One reason for this prominence is that affect and mood are ubiquitous phenomena that are of intrinsic importance to all of us. Even without the benefit of research, each of us knows the relevance of changing affective states and our efforts to achieve the best possible mood. From a clinical perspective, extremes of mood partially define major psychiatric conditions (mania, depression, panic). These observations attest to the significance of affect in our everyday lives and to the importance of understanding the determinants of affect.
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Martino, Ernesto de. "Excerpt from “Tarantism and Catholicism”". En Anthropology of Catholicism. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520288423.003.0003.
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Ernesto de Martino (1908–65) could be described as one of the founding figures of Italian ethnology. Until his work was translated into English, he was fairly unknown to English-speaking anthropologists. Since then, however, the importance of his contributions to the field has received wider recognition. In the book Terra del Rimorso: Contributo a una storia religiosa del Sud (The Land of Remorse: A Study of Southern Italian Tarantism), de Martino unravels how alterity may be found “at home,” through a study in the southern peninsula of Salento of rural people seasonally affected by tarantismo, a form of possession attributed to the bite of the tarantola spider.1 The affliction is cured by the performance of “choreutic” dances followed by pilgrimages and offerings made to Saint Paul. For de Martino, tarantismo is the living presence of an other-than-Catholic history—an echo of earlier pagan, erotic ritual forms. Tarantism can be understood only when placed within the context of Catholicism’s regional history, its broader social and economic conflicts, and tensions around gender, kinship, and sexuality within the home. The cult is one that the Catholic Church has “purged” but also resignified and appropriated in an effort to contain its vitality. As de Martino shows, however, the church’s engagement with the cult in the first half of the twentieth century colludes with scientific and medical—particularly psychiatric—discourses. The relevance of this work for a modern anthropology of Catholicism is plain in its historical breadth and the richness and detail of de Martino’s ethnographic research. But it is also interesting for the way it highlights how questions of science, magic, and enchantment have posed challenges of different types for the modernizing, bureaucratic church.
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DeRuiter, Mark, Jeffrey Karp y Peter Scal. "Building a Dental Home Network for Children with Special Health Care Needs". En Leading Community Based Changes in the Culture of Health in the US - Experiences in Developing the Team and Impacting the Community. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98455.
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Children with special health care needs (SHCNs) live in all communities. They present with a diverse group of diagnoses including complex chronic conditions and diseases; physical, developmental, and intellectual disabilities; sensory, behavioral, emotional, psychiatric, and social disorders; cleft and craniofacial congenital disabilities, anomalies, and syndromes; and inherited conditions causing abnormal growth, development, and health of the oral tissues, the teeth, the jaws, and the craniofacial skeleton. Tooth decay, gum disease, dental injuries, tooth misalignment, oral infections, and other oral abnormalities are commonly seen or reported in the health history of children with SHCNs. Nationally, dental and oral health care ranks as the second most common unmet health need, according to the most recent National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs. The State of Minnesota does not have enough dental professionals prepared to meet the demand for care. As a result, children with SHCNs either go untreated or receive inadequate services resulting in treatment delays, the need for additional appointments, poor management of oral pain and dysfunction, adverse dental treatment outcomes and/or a lack of appropriate referrals to needed specialists. Research suggests children with SHCNs are best served when assigned to dental homes where all aspects of their oral health care are delivered in a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and family-centered way under the direction of knowledgeable, experienced dental professionals working collaboratively with an array of allied health, medical professionals, and community partners. An interdisciplinary team consisting of a pediatric dentist, pediatric physician, and speech-language pathology innovator collaborated to advance current and future dental providers’ knowledge and comfort in providing care for children with SHCNs and was accepted into the Clinical Scholars program. Their interdisciplinary collaborative team project was named MinnieMouths and included the following six methods or critical endeavors to ensure success: 1. Development of a project ECHO site focused on advancing care for children with SHCNs. 2. Creation of a 28-participant web-based professional network of current dental, community health liaisons, family navigators, and medical health providers. 3. Establishment of a 32-participant web-based interface of dental and medical students and residents, including new-to-practice dental providers. 4. Launching an annual conference focused on advancing oral health care for children with SHCN. 5. Build a toolkit aimed at allowing dentists and future leadership teams to launch dental home networks focused on children with SHCN. 6. Building a Dental Homes Network Field Guide for Providers who attended our first in-person conference. Findings from the MinnieMouths project suggest that development of peer networks to advance dental homes for children with SHCNs has merit. Network participants gained skills in collaborating with a range of health care providers, understanding the complexities of working within and among health and dental care systems to coordinate care, and the need to better understand and advocate for a more robust medical and dental reimbursement program when launching dental homes for children with SHCN.