Tesis sobre el tema "Histoire de la philosophie analytique"
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Maliti, Dyfrig Joseph. "Autorité et pouvoir : approches historique, analytique et critique d'un problème de philosophie politique". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAK016.
Texto completoThe modern philosophers rejected authority because it was judged to be incompatible with democratic values. Paradoxically, following the weakening of authority in the modern societies, we observe a growing number of people demanding for its "return". Following this situation, we decided to undertake, in the field of political philosophy, a study of the complex relationships that involve the concepts of authority and power, namely: What is authority and power ? How are they constituted ? What are the conditions or forces that create direct and use them? What are their modes of institutionalization in the political and legal structures that perpetuate domination and reproduce obedience ? Formulated in that way, these questions touch not only the assumption that this work tries to support, but also the problematic which our study seeks to provide an answer. It concerns the frequent confusion made by our contemporaries between, on one hand, the concepts of authority and power, and on the other, those of violence, force, domination and sovereignty often used as if they are mere synonyms. With H. Arendt we assume that since these notions "refer to different realities, the meaning of each one of them should be carefully examined and determined." We think that the correct use of these notions is "not just a matter of grammar, but also of a historical perspective," a return to the original meaning of auctoritas and potestas is necessary. This returning help us firstly, to measure the gap between what ought to be the notions of authority and power in the ancient world and what they have become today; secondly, to appreciate the inherited value that we probably do not fully make use of it today; and thirdly, the study helps us to have a better understanding of major concepts of political philosophy; and, in so doing, to be able to dispel the confusion often made between authority, power and other related concepts such as force, violence, domination and sovereignty
Richard, Sébastien. "Genèse historique et logique du projet d'ontologie formelle: de l'ontologie traditionnelle à la métaphysique analytique contemporaine". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209965.
Texto completoDoctorat en Philosophie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Arazam, Yannis. "Les lois logiques sont-elles révisables ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAC027.
Texto completoThe problem of revising logic permeated the thinking of the major authors of the analytic tradition in the 20th century. From Wittgenstein to Dummett and through Quine, Putnam or Kripke, authors have tackled afresh a problem that has taken various forms throughout the history of philosophy. Developments in mathematical logic following the fregean revolution, or even the formalization of quantum mechanics, have both renewed and sharpened the problem. Is there any sense in questioning logical laws classically acknowledged since Aristotle? More simply put, is it intelligible to change our logic ? Are the intuitionnistic refusal of the law of excluded-middle and, more generally, the emergence of "alternative logics" constitutive of a turning point in the history of logic ? The difficulty faced stems from the constitutive nature of logic for thought : if logical laws are the norms of intelligibility, how can they be challenged without undermining the very possibility of meaning ? This work traces this difficulty back to the classical analytical corpus, and gets new perspectives out of it by means of the concept of paradigm, alongside logical developments in the second-half of the 20th century
Clémot, Hugo. "Qu'est-ce que le cinématographe ? : nouvelles approches philosophiques d'une question séculaire". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010705.
Texto completoColetta, Elisa. "Hubert Damisch : pour une perspective oblique dans la production d'un historien et philosophe de l'art". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0039.
Texto completoThe search is aimed at outlining Hubert Damisch's intellectual profile, through an analysis of his work and a description of the environment in which he works and the relationships he has established with other scholars of his time. After an analysis of his background that aims at defining the abstract matrices of his way of thinking, the search describes a path through his texts devoted to pointing out the particular features of his ideology. From the initial trials devoted to contemporary art in the texts of the Nineties given the label of analytical iconology, the analysis has recreated the search of an author who never stops putting the different disciplines into perspective; one who, so there was an ideology in the way of working art, made awareness the starting point of a series of studies where the reflection of the role that art plays in the prospects for acquiring knowledge takes shape from an awareness of works' ability to have meaning through the visual specificity of their instruments as weil as to act beyond the time in which they were created. The sidelong nature of the search indicated in the heading sends you back to the semiotic point of view from which you choose to conduct the analysis. The requirement to check how the Italians receive this author -known above ail in the semiotic milieu, it's with the label of semotician that the history of Italian art defines his way of thinking -leads us to make a semiotic reflection about this author the starting point of a path devoted to unveiling the matrices of his semiotic position, and in a more general outlook to recognise the reasons and the roots behind Damsich's work as an art historian and philosopher
Rossi, Jean-Gérard. "Le problème ontologique dans la philosophie analytique". Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10031.
Texto completoThe thesis concerning the ultimate character of the distinction between subject and predicate was challenged by f. P. Ramsey in 1926. His critique signified, among other things, the collapse of the standard conception which associated the logical dichotomy of propositional constituants (subject and predicate) with ontological dualism (particulars and universals) and with the metaphysical distinction between substances and qualities. The impact of this critique was reinforced by the emergense of "new physics" which placed traditional idea of substance in question while simultaneously introducing the notion of event. The present work focuses on the shift between two fundamentally different conceptual schemes, the old on founded on substance, the new on event. In light of this shift a new interpretation becomes possible of ontological dualism
Gruet, Stéphane. "L'oeuvre et le temps. analytique /". Toulouse : Éd. "Poïesis"-AERA, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40022208p.
Texto completoDUMONCEL, JEAN CLAUDE. "Le systeme de whitehead et la philosophie analytique". Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT3020.
Texto completoThe speculative scheme of whitehead is here provided with a translation in the language of analytical philosophy. F. B. Fitch's pionneering use of combinatory logic with the same purpose serves as a paradigm, but the emphasis is placed on modal logic, understood in the manner of hintikka, that is as a general tool for characterizing philosophical concepts. E. G. , whitehead's notion of "propositionnal feeling" is here considered under russell's notion of propositional attitude. The obtained apparatus is then tested on two selected topics in the field of fundational studies : first, the problem arising from the divergence between frege and fitch on the fundamentals of "pure grammar"; second, the problem of interpreting quantum mechanics. The solution offered to the first problem (i. E. The way of combinatory logic) and the one proposed for the second problem (i. I. Wave mechanics as it is understood by de broglie and popper) are each conceived as a case of "creativity", the ultimate category of whitehead's metaphysics, thus showing the overall unity of the entire system. In the course of the whole enterprise, the tradition leading from plato to whitehead, via leibniz and charles-sanders peirce, requires to be mobilized, and shows its living power by the way
Chevalier, Olivia. "La méthode analytique cartésienne : entre mathématiques et philosophie première". Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100195.
Texto completoSince about his way to proue in mathematics and metaphysics Descartes talks in the singular of his "voie analytique ", our aim is to define the univocal use of what lie calls « analysis », understood as a thought process. Indeed, this point raines a problem because of the lack of logical sirnilarities between the proofs in these two disciplines. Descartes says that the analytic way allows us to discover truths while constructing the solution to a problem (the problem of Pappus or of certainty). Then, analyzing, for Descartes, amounts to proving while constructing the solution to a problem. So, we try to understand the links existing between the proof of truths (a truth is established once we have discovered it) and the method which gives the procedures of it. Hence we talk of Cartesian "analytic method". We then redraw the steps of the conception of the notion of analysis which, to us, seem to lead to its Cartesian meaning, insisting on the important role algebra plays in its formation. Afterwards, we draw the criteria which bear certain properties to this analytic thought process, and which enable us to recognize it; finally, we exhibit the limit of this univocal conception when Descartes cornes to handle the notion of infinity. The stakes of our study are the following ones exhibit a Cartesian "theory of proof"; the impossibility to disconnect Descartes as mathernatician and philosopher; the latter point serving a general thesis (at least true until the 18`h century) essential to us the impossibility to separate the history of truth from the history of mathematics
Devienne, Philippe. "Une approche analytique de la philosophie des droits de l’animal". Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040202.
Texto completoAnimals play an essential social, economic, affective role in human societies. Nevertheless, do animals have rights in a society which breeds them in industrial conditions, experiments on them, eats them without qualms, and allows bullfights? The author’s purpose is to show that, from the theses of Wittgenstein, Austin, Cavell and Putnam, when the protagonists of animal rights and their opponents use science, technical subjects or metaphysics, they don’t only speak for the animal, but in fact they speak for “me”. The considerations of the history of the philosophy of animal rights reveal that the process of human philosophical thought about animals, with there human representations and conceptual frames about animals, go astray since these processes retain only one aspect of the animal, which causes us to loose the bond we have with them. On the contrary, the Philosophy of Ordinary Language describes the intimacy of our words in our relation with the animal, revealing not only a relation of knowledge, but our commitment to them in our human society within our “size”. Pursuing the question of whether we agree or disagree on which ordinary words to use, two political approaches are held: firstly, an agreement on language showing at which point our thinking can clear up into a pragmatist stance towards the animal, and secondly, the agreement in language, in which I (each one of us) am the bond between the animal and my society. These two approaches bring us to the ethics of the otherness with animals
Hoquet, Thierry. "Buffon : histoire naturelle et philosophie". Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100176.
Texto completoBuffon's natural history offers an important revision of the four principal philosophical disciplines, namely: logic, physics, ethics and metaphysics. Buffon's work is based in a logic of comparison. Buffon is opposed to Linnean classification methods and he rejects the application of mathematics to the study of physics. The work constitutes a systematic and hypothetical physics, in no way reducible to the baconian method which depends on a more historical collection of data or facts. Buffon's physics, moreover, condemns vain curiosity and speculation, aiming instead at the discovery of general effects, such as the laves of nature. Observation, induction and analogy are the key methods Buffon relies on for his investigations. Buffon's physics, furthermore, refutes the validity of moral considerations and denies the importance of final causes or ends. Buffon, additionally, seeks to forge the way for a new metaphysics, describing the body and soul through mutual comparison. It is in these ways, among others, that Buffon redefines the four elements of philosophy
Hoquet, Thierry. "Buffon, histoire naturelle et philosophie /". Paris : H. Champion, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400957772.
Texto completoNeuberg, Marc. "Philosophie de l'action : contribution critique à la théorie analytique de l'action /". Bruxelles : Académie royale de Belgique, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356026545.
Texto completoLaube, Martin. "Im Bann der Sprache : die analytische Religionsphilosophie im 20. Jahrhundert /". Berlin : W. de Gruyter, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370812045.
Texto completoBibliogr. p. 472-490. Index.
Franceschi, Paul Salini Dominique Panaccio Claude. "Une application des n-univers à l'argument de l'apocalypse et au paradoxe de Goodman". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.univ-corse.fr/f̃ranceschi/Une%20application%20des%20n-univers.pdf.
Texto completoDahrouge, Ali. "Les mouvements philosophiques dans la pensée andalouse : étude historique, analytique et comparée". Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010639.
Texto completoThe conquest of Spain by Islamic troops occuers as early as the first decade of the eight century. Very begining, intellectual Islamic centers would developed. The study of philosophy is very important to understand the islamic theology in Andalousia. We recognize clealy that the andalousian philosophy would florish through the assimilation of Greek philosophy, although it would graw in an independant school. Things that distings of the Islamic thinkers occuers in their tendancy to conciliate religion with philosophy. Through out these considerations, we cannot be forget the deep influences, that the orient would enlivened own the andalousian way of life. Nevertheless, Spain could be flowed of its proper contribution to philosophical thought, and of its distings soufi schools, would enlivened by Islamic insperation. Moreover the oriental influence cannot be oblitarated, as can be through many local the divers testimonies
Roche, Loïck. "Introduction à la question de la volonté : approche philosophique et analytique de l'action". Grenoble 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE29022.
Texto completoCastellan, Arielle. "Étude comparée de la notion de personne dans la philosophie stoïcienne et dans la philosophie contemporaine". Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0032.
Texto completoMy purpose in this work is to suggest a new approach of the notion of person in order to solve some of the problems that seem quite endless in contemporary studies. In order to do so, I made an exam of some of the most powerful contemporary texts on personal identity to illustrate the problems that remain. I suggested then to go back to the origin of the notion through a study of the person in stoic philosophy. As a result of the confrontation between these two different ways of thinking, I tried to point out that it is possible to think the person without the concept of identity. Which means that: 1. The concept of personal identity might be the “faulty” one. 2. We can think the person even if we’re not able to define the subject
Réhault, Sébastien. "Métaphysique des propriétés esthétiques : une défense du réalisme". Thesis, Nancy 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN21022/document.
Texto completoThis study is a work in philosophical aesthetics and metaphysics. The main hypothesis examined and defended is that aesthetic realism is the best explanation of aesthetic normativity. Antirealist explanations are discussed and criticized. An ontology and an epistemology for aesthetic properties are proposed. Lastly, ethical implications of aesthetic realism are highlighted
AL, KHOURY WALID. "La notion du jugement dans le mustasfa de ghazali : etude analytique et lexicographique". Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010546.
Texto completoBourgeois-Gironde, Sacha. "La reconstruction analytique du cogito". Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT3020.
Texto completoThe cogito yields the first certainty on my existence. This certainty is grounded in formal properties of the cartesian dictum, especially its inferential aspect and its performatoriness. A method to define those properties and envision their relation to the nature of my mind has to be sought for. An analytic reconstruction of the cogito must avoid the generalization of both its overt and its mental properties by showing how its epistemic value is articulated upon its semantical scope and content. Beside the meaningfulness of the terms it comprehends, the fact that the cogito is a first-person utterance in the present tense is particularly relevant to the understanding of an indexical or perspectival mode of identification involved in those semantic features. Their role is to make me conceive of an ineliminable subjective way of presenting an objective thought. The other way round, i can but admit that this thought is present to my mind because it is related to some objective trait of my environment. This individuating link bears a general and referential constraint upon the interpretation of the cogito as a singular thought within a mental context. Nonetheless, even though the cogito as a pure intellection is still countable among the particular modes of cogitation, it refers in a special way to the mind itself wherein those thoughts occur. New semantic paradoxes arise when self-identification of a mind has to be brought about by a self-referring procedure. If the cogito is such a procedure, then it definitely cannot allow for a comprehensive knowledge of my essence. This knowledge is only conceivable, and must be completed by a further elucidation of a referential content of my thought. The transition from + cogito, ergo sum ; to + ego sum res cogitans ; is then interpreted as a deduction of an objective guarantee from an irreducible first-person account of my essence
Andrieu-Lacu, Cyrille. "Monnaie, Liquidité, faillite : une histoire analytique de la crise japonaise". Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00138819.
Texto completoAu lieu de sanctionner les pertes des banques par la faillite, les autorités y ont répondu par la
garantie de liquidité au niveau macro, et au niveau micro, par une modernisation des
microstructures du crédit pour dynamiser la liquidité des marchés, réduire le coût d'usage des
faillites d'entreprises et amener les banques à abandonner le système de banque principale et les
utiliser. Elles ont voulu aussi substituer la transparence à la norme de solvabilité pour réduire les
risques moraux et rendre plus crédible leur politique de durcissement gradué de la règle de faillite.
La liquidité micro et macro ne pouvant se développer sans discipline des paiements, le résultat
macro est la déflation malgré une forte dette publique et une stabilisation bancaire lente et
inachevée. La Grande Dépression est utilisée comme un miroir du Japon pour éclairer les
rapports liquidité/faillite sur les plans macro, de la politique bancaire et des restructurations
d'entreprises.
Angaut, Jean-Christophe Senellart Michel. "Liberté et histoire chez Michel Bakounine". Nancy : Université Nancy 2, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr/htdocs/docs_ouvert/doc247/2005NAN21031_1.pdf.
Texto completoZhou, Hao. "La chute du "triangle d'or" : apriorité, analyticité, nécessité : de l'équivalence à l'indépendance". Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H204.
Texto completoThe three concepts of apriority, analyticity and necessity, which have long been considered equivalent, constitute whatcould be called the “golden triangle” or “triangle of equivalence”. Yet, the Kantian conception of the synthetic a priori and the Kripkean conceptions of the contingent a priori and the necessary a posteriori represent decisive criticismsagainst this triangle of equivalence. Inheriting critically these revolutionary thoughts from Kant and Kripke, a newepistemological schema entitled “subject-knowledge-world” is here systematically constructed. This schema renders thegolden triangle totally obsolete. The concepts of apriority, analyticity and necessity become independent of each other.This leads to a new space of knowledge categories, resulting from the free intersecting of the three distinctions a priori-aposteriori, analytic-synthetic and necessary-contingent. These knowledge categories, some of which are new, apply to science exclusively and exhaustively
Angaut, Jean-Christophe. "Liberté et histoire chez Michel Bakounine". Nancy 2, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc247/2005NAN21031_1.pdf.
Texto completoThe purpose of this study is first to show that Bakunin's thought, as a reflection about the accomplishment of human freedom in history, is tied to the main philosophical trends of the 19th century, such as German idealism, French positivism, Marxism and scientific materialism. This study shows also that Bakunin's thought, as a libertarian theory and practice of emancipation, deals with the status of politics and with the role of national and social issues. The plan of this study takes Bakunin's works as a whole, in its diversity and its historicity. The first two parts deals with the writings which are former to Bakunin's anarchism. The third part describes the philosophy of freedom developed after 1864. The last two parts are a study of Bakunin's political project, before and after his entry into the International Workers Association
Moulin, Anne-Marie. "Histoire du système immunitaire : immunologie et médecine (1880-1984)". Lyon 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO31014.
Texto completoThe history of immunology was until recently a meglected field. This thesis is an attempt to redress that neglect by focusing on certain landmarks and to show that immunology as a fully-fledged science developed only in the 1960s. Two central ideas will be explored : - the first is that the history of immunology can be summarized by the shift from an empirical knowledge of immunity to the science of the immune system ; - the second is that the whole history of immunology pivots around its link with medicine. The thesis attempts to argue that immunology only achieved its auto- nomy by focusing on the idea of immune system. This choice epitomized the requirements of the new biology of the 1930s (when molecular biology started), namely emphasis on the holistic approach with the importance it attaches to organization and regulation. General immunology provides a frame work for the interpretation of immunological phenomena in a medical context and elaborates a model of causality which it applies to the understanding of disease. The lusive nature of the historical relationship between biology and medicine is brought here into sharp focus. Medicine usually achieves its so-called revolutions by adopting a new scientific language that enables it to reformulate its scope and reorientate its methods of investigation. The relationship of medicine with biology may be defined as a dialectical linguistic relationship. Using the available material on scientific net- works and institutions, this thesis aims to contribute to applied epistemolo gy and the philosophy of medicine and to promote the linguistic approach to the constitution of a new scientific field, irrespective of the traditional opposition between social and physicochemical sciences, between theoretical and applied sciences
Couprie, Pierre. "La musique électroacoustique : analyse morphologique et représentation analytique". Paris 4, 2003. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01264966.
Texto completoWhat we mean here by the analysis of electroacoustic music is a morphological description. It consist in using various criteria to describe the different aural and musical units of the musical material once they have been separated into segments. These criteria can be classified in three groups : internal (spectrum, dynamic, gait, granularity and space), referential (causality, voice, effect and emotion) and structural (formal analysis). Graphical representation has become an essential tool for the analyst and it can take the form of icons - creating strong links between the sound, its analysing criteria and graphic symbolic forms - or symbols - representing sound and its criteria with extremely accurate symbols. Moreover, representation is also an ideal material for multimedia publication : the represented analysis is associated to sounds or even other media to create a very rich didactical document. The theorical plan is completed by analyses of Spirale by Pierre Henry, " Geologie sonore " by Bernard Parmegiani and Stilleben by Kaija Saariaho
Darsel, Sandrine. "Musique, propriétés expressives et émotions". Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN21008/document.
Texto completoQuel est le rapport entre la musique et les émotions sous ses deux aspects (les propriétés expressives et les émotions de l'auditeur) ? Telle est la question centrale de cette étude. Ce problème s'inscrit dans une longue tradition de débats et de réflexions qui ont nourri les disciplines scientifiques telles que la philosophie, la sociologie, la psychologie, la musicologie, les sciences cognitives, etc., tout autant que les expériences des acteurs du domaine musical (musiciens, auditeurs, compositeurs, critiques musicaux, danseurs...). Il était donc important de proposer une réflexion ouvrant un accès à ce débat, tout en lui apportant une contribution spécifique. Cette étude s'interroge tout d'abord au sujet du mode d'existence des oeuvres musicales, à travers une réflexion approfondie sur la musique sous ses différents formes (classique, traditionnelle, jazz, rock, de variété, etc.). Une deuxième artie est consacrée à l'expression musicale des émotions : que signifie l'attribution de propriétés expressives aux oeuvres musicales ? Enfin, une troisième partie examine la question de la compréhension d'une oeuvre musicale, avec la querelle opposant les tenants du cognitivisme et ceux de l'émotivisme. La thèse défendue ici va à l'encontre des conceptions habituelles. Le plus souvent, il est admis que les énoncés esthétiques attribuant des propriétés expressives à la musique n'ont pas d'implications ontologiques et ne peuvent prétendre à la vérité. A l'inverse, il s'agit de défendre l'idée selon laquelle les propriétés expressives, loin d'être des projections de l'esprit, des manières de parler ou encore des propriétés réductibles aux propriétés physiques de base, sont réelles et extrinsèques. En ce sens, cette thèse s'inscrit dans le courant du réalisme esthétique qui prend le risque d'y articuler une ontologie immanentiste d'accueil et un émotivisme rationnel
Jemmali, Badreddine. "L'éthique dans la philosophie analytique : Wittgenstein et ses contemporains : limites, significations et controverses". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010515.
Texto completoStylianidis, Nicholas. "Les fondements épistémologiques du positivisme analytique : vers une théorie du droit préinstitutionnelle". Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100068.
Texto completoThe thesis examines the epistemological foundations of analytical positivism, i. E. The internal and logical coherence of analytical legal positivism. Analytical legal positivism insists on the separation of law and morality and on the social sources of law. At the same time, according to this theory, a particular importance and emphasis should be given to the study of legal concepts and language. After a systematization of the components (both methodological and substantive) of this theory, the thesis identifies its internal inconsistencies and tries to reconstruct the theory of meaning of legal statements according to an extended interpretation of the presuppositions of analytical legal positivism. This reconstruction cannot offer an adequate solution to the problems of this theory: the social sources thesis of law is methodologically implausible and is not compatible with the normativity thesis of legal positivism, that insists on the normative character of law. Consequently, the thesis stetches an alternative theory of law and suggests that the sources of law are pre-institutional and that the meaning of legal statements is also pre-conventional and referential
Furuta, Hirokiyo. "Wittgenstein und Heidegger : "Sinn" und "Logik" in der Tradition der analytischen Philosophie /". Würzburg : Königshausen & Neumann, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37494961j.
Texto completoSoussana, Gad. "Le concept hégélien d'événement : entre histoire de la philosophie et philosophie de l'histoire". Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010599.
Texto completoKopp, Patrick. "Religion et histoire dans la philosophie de Hegel". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010700.
Texto completoThis work is a genetical study of hegel's philosophy, through the fondamental concepts of religion and history. The ream of this study is the thought of the young hegel, from 1785 to 1807, from his "tagebuch" to the phenomenoly of spirit. We distinguish: 10 a non philosophical hegelian thought, which takes place from 1785 to 1793 in stuttgart and francfort. Hegel improves his thought through the element of the culture of this period, the enlightment, and lutherian preaching. 20 a philosophical but non hegelian thought from 1793 to 1801 in bern and francfort. The biginning of the hegelian philosophical thought comes from the clash of his conception and the philosophy of kant. He tried first to put the finishing touches of the system of kant, but finished it in a critical way. 30 hegel materializes the hegelian philosophy in a systematical way. -this way is an external one, facing the german idealism -this way is an internal one, the development of an original speculativ dialectic. This study is a contribution to the explonation of the genesis of the first systematical hegelian philosophy and a contribution to a didactic of the hegelian philosophy
Castelo, Branco Judikael. "Philosophie et histoire dans la pensée d'Eric Weil". Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30051/document.
Texto completoThe philosophy of Eric Weil presents a systematic structure whose interpretation of the components is not easily conceivable. The title “Philosophy and history in the thinking of Eric Weil” proposes a comprehensive reading of the Weilian system aiming at its comprehension through an element that crosses all his work: history. Our fundamental hypothesis is that Weil is the original way of thinking about history, which, even without being a “particular philosophy”, is a hermeneutical principle for the interpretation of its thought. In our view, the theme has not yet found the deserved deepening among those who have been willing to think about Weilian philosophy both by the way the question of the relationship between philosophy and history is usually raised or as a tangent theme in the work or as a brand of his “Hegelianism”. We show that the question of history is taken from an original philosophical perspective by distancing itself from both Hegelian “inspiration” and Heideggerian thought; and fundamental, because Weil’s thinking can not be understood without reference to the reflection on history and the man who is interested in it. Our thesis develops from the task that demands both the presentation of the problems inherent to the design of a philosophy of history, and the determination of the thread that points to its internal unity and to its articulation with the rest of the system. Therefore, with each new step the hypothesis is taken that the reflection on the history serves as legitimate hermeneutic key of the work weiliana. A first requirement has a historical-expository character: to list texts that deal with the questions of thought about history. One should also systematically read the set of texts and their relation to the philosophy system articulated in the Logique de la philosophie, assuming the idea of system as the touchstone of the validity of any interpretation. It is not, therefore, a question of cutting the Weilian corpus in view of the indication of the places where the question appears, but of rebuilding unity between the different parts of his work. Our investigation takes Weil’s work by concentrating on history in its logical-philosophical dimension without dispensing with that historical-political. It is, then, a logical-argumentative perspective that tries to understand a philosophy that is intended dialectic and critical. To do so, we divided the work into four chapters. The first deals with metaphilosophy in Weilian thought from its Kantian inspiration. Our fundamental hypothesis is the return to the affirmation of Weil’s kantism, Kantianism taken up by a philosopher who read and understood Hegel. We start from the definition of philosophy as a human act of one who freely chose to understand the world in a quest for meaning understood as an eminently scientific and communicable activity and, above all, essentially historical. The second is Eric Weil in the wake of philosophers who think of history, always according to Kantian inspiration, which implies associating it with the tradition of a “critique of historical reason” that starts from Dilthey and extends to Weber and Aron. The third takes the conditions of discourses on the meaning of history to the system of discursive categories. Put another way, we follow the categorial succession of the Logique de la philosophie. On the one hand, we discern the motives that hinder a historical discourse from the Truth to the Self, and on the other, we follow the development of the foundational discourses of an understanding of the history of the category of God to Wisdom. The latter constitutes a second part of the work and takes up the task announced as the recovery of the social function of the philosopher, from the Weilian reading of the French Revolution
A filosofia de Eric Weil apresenta uma estrutura sistemática cuja interpretação dos componentes não é facilmente concebível. O título “Filosofia e história no pensamento de Eric Weil” propõe uma leitura abrangente do sistema weiliano visando sua compreensão através de um elemento que atravessa toda a sua obra: a história. Nossa hipótese fundamental é a de que se encontra subjacente, em Weil, uma forma original de pensar a história, que, mesmo sem constituir uma “filosofia particular”, é uma princípio hermenêutico para a interpretação do seu pensamento. A nosso ver, o tema ainda não encontrou o aprofundamento merecido entre os que se dispuseram a pensar a filosofia weiliana tanto pela forma como normalmente se põe a questão da relação entre a filosofia e a história ou como um tema tangente na obra ou como uma marca do seu “hegelianismo”. Mostramos que a questão da história é tomada numa perspectiva filosófica original por se distanciar tanto da “inspiração” hegeliana como do pensamento heideggeriano; e fundamental, porque o pensamento de Weil não pode ser compreendido sem referência à reflexão sobre a história e sobre o homem que por ela se interessa. Nossa tese se desenvolve a partir da tarefa que demanda tanto a apresentação dos problemas inerentes ao projeto de uma filosofia da história, como a determinação do fio condutor que aponta para a sua unidade interna e para a sua articulação com o restante do sistema. Portanto, a cada novo passo retoma-se a hipótese de que a reflexão sobre a história serve de chave hermenêutica legítima da obra weiliana. Uma primeira exigência tem caráter histórico-expositivo: elencar os textos que abordam as questões próprias do pensamento sobre a história. Deve-se também ler sistematicamente o conjunto dos textos e da sua relação com o sistema da filosofia articulado na Lógica da filosofia, assumindo a ideia de sistema como pedra de toque da validade de qualquer interpretação. Não se trata, portanto, de recortar o corpus weiliano em vista da indicação dos lugares em que a questão aparece, mas de reconstruir a unidade entre as diferentes partes da sua obra. Nossa investigação toma a obra de Weil concentrando-nos sobre a história na sua dimensão lógico-filosófica sem prescindir daquela histórico-política. Trata-se, então, de uma perspectiva lógico-argumentativa que tenta compreender uma filosofia que se pretende dialética e crítica. Para tanto, dividimos o trabalho em quatro capítulos. O primeiro aborda a metafilosofia no pensamento weiliano a partir da sua inspiração kantiana. Nossa hipótese fundamental é o retorno à afirmação do kantismo de Weil, kantismo retomado por um filósofo que leu e compreendeu Hegel. Partimos da definição da filosofia como ato humano próprio de quem escolheu, livremente, compreender o mundo numa busca de sentido entendida como atividade eminentemente científica e comunicável, e, acima de tudo, essencialmente histórica. O segundo, insere Eric Weil na esteira dos filósofos que pensam a história, sempre segundo a inspiração kantiana, o que implica associá-lo à tradição de uma “crítica da razão histórica” que parte de Dilthey e se prolonga até Weber e Aron. O terceiro leva as condições dos discursos sobre o sentido da história ao sistema das categorias discursivas. Dito de outro modo, seguimos a sucessão categorial da Lógica da filosofia. De um lado, discernimos os motivos que impedem um discurso histórico da Verdade ao Eu, e de outro, acompanhamos o desenvolvimento dos discursos fundantes de uma compreensão da história da categoria Deus até a Sabedoria. O último constitui uma segunda parte do trabalho e retoma a tarefa anunciada como a recuperação da função social do filósofo, a partir da leitura weiliana da Revolução francesa
Forest, Denis. "L'aphasie : histoire et système". Lyon 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO31002.
Texto completoRichard, Christine. "Bertrand Russell et la métaphysique analytique". Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN21002/document.
Texto completoThe broad objective of this study is to examine the recurrence and the posterity of some arguments drawn up by Bertrand Russell to answer one of the main ontological question: How the elements of the being are related ? How can we answer this question without raising a bradleyan endless regress? Several strategies are assessed here: answering these questions by questioning the status of the bradleyan regresses (vicious or harmless regresses?), defining the nature of the relations (particulars or universals?, internal or external relations?) or using the epistemological perspective of the truthmakers. This study is focused on D. Armstrong’s Immanent Realism, K. Campbell’s Theory of Tropes, G. Rodriguez-Pereyra’s Resemblance Nominalism, and D. W. Mertz’s Moderate Realism
Ponsonnet, Jean Marc. "Le réalisme analytique de J. M. Keynes : le rôle des fondements philosophiques dans l'oeuvre économique". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010029.
Texto completoIt is a reading of Keynes's work, attempting to take into account and throw light upon its epistemological and philosophical foundations. Beyond the dead-ends where the interpretation of the general theory as empirist or rationalist leads, the influences of both Moore and Russell enlighten the meaning of a treatise on probability. With his conception of probability, Keynes's analytical realism represents a chief contribution to these very authors' philosophy of knowledge. That philosophy of knowledge allows us to understand Keynes's conception of economics as a science which deals with organic and uses models. The issue is then to understand the message of the whole work and connections between a treatise on money and the general theory. A treatise on money appears as a scheme that has not been fully carried out. But, in the model Keynes outlines, the activity-level depends on the investment-volume. Consequently, the antithesis between a model presented in terms of periods and gravitation in a treatise on money, and a model based upon anticipations, which is the model of the general theory, seems of minor importance. Both converge on making more probable a proposition about economic reality
Lameyre, Alain. "Les philosophes de l'âge de pierre". Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010602.
Texto completoLahkim, Bennani Azelarabe. "Essai sur la sémantique des noms propres". Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010599.
Texto completoParrochia, Daniel. "Formes et systématiques philosophiques". Lyon 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO31004.
Texto completoThis book is dealing with a new theory on philosophical forms, using mathematical models to describe them. Its contents shows three parts : 1) a "general methodology", where we study the history of the concepts of form and system and build some method to show the relations between philosophical systems, scientific contemporary models and the space or territory where they have grown. 2) in a second part, we are applying the method. We study different kinds of systems and point out the importance of classification in them. In the case of plato, we study dialectics and dichotomic processes, with the aid of boolean algebra and lattice theory. So we do with kant's taxonomies, showing the difference introduced here by the infinite division of concepts. In the works of hegel, we try to understand the forms of the different dialectics in the spheres of logic, nature and spirit. We show how hegel is working on philosophical and scientifical taxonomies of his time, and present an intuitionnistic model for dialectics in logic. Our last example is spinoza. Here we draw the graph of deductive propositions in ethics i and study its matrix with the aid of a computer. On this base, we explain the geometry of ethics and the relations between spinoza's and huygens's physics. 3) in the third part, we compare the forms we built in part 2 and study concrete topology of social territories, where philosophical works have grown. We conclude on the relations between systems and brain, and on what we can think of the "aim" of philosophy
Castillo, Monique. "Histoire et droit dans la pensée de Kant". Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN1028.
Texto completoSaint, Girons Baldine. "Fiat Lux : une philosophie du sublime". Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100017.
Texto completoWith the sublime a certain form of reality emerges which questions us while dazzling us. To attempt a philosophy of the sublime is to pretend to construct the definition of an object which is evanescent and refractory to any model, to grasp its effects on a mortified witness and seek the stake which is then revealed to him. It seemed to us that only a theory of risk could account both for the different forms of the wavering of the perceptible and for the uncertainty of the subject in suspense between rapture and fear of undone bonds. The sublime goes beyond form, displays the hidden reverse side, blurs the reference marks and blots out the traces or art. Just as the distraction of the great, the shock of the ugly and the dizziness of the obscure have a tendency to do away with the beautiful, the simplicity of which is bound to ensure its return while removing the suspicion of the pitfall. Yet, the experience of the destabilization of the world finds its correlation in that of the suspension of the ego. The longinian enthusiasm wins the adhesion of the whole being, the burkean amazement upsets the subject in its intimacy and respect brings out hierarchy and celavages in Kant. If we now go back from the effects to the causes, the confrontation to power, the sufferings of passion and the will for virtue indicate the efforts made by the embodied subject in order to bring forth a sublime which he would not be in a position to claim as a principle of creation and of action because it is anonymous and transpersonal
Kwon, Hyun-Chung. "Espace et mise en scène : approche analytique et esthétique du vide et du plein". Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100005.
Texto completoBarbosa, Keylla. "D'une clinique psychanalytique des psychoses : histoire, clinique, structure : entre acte analytique et acte politique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UNIP7063.
Texto completoThe approach of this thesis is based on psychoanalytic clinic of psychoses that emerged during Freud and Lacan's studies. In order to understand the importance of this clinic, it is essential taking into account two distinct points: understand the context in which it was originated and review the current scenario where it is applied. Therefore, the objectives of this thesis are focused on three axis: 1) Determine the clinic directions provided by Freud and Lacan; 2) understand the psychoanalytic clinic of psychoses with respect to therapeutic propositions derived from medical speech (predominant in our current society); and 3) analyze the psychoanalysis's contribution related to some aspects of present's psychosis clinic. The theoretical-clinical piece to be studied concerns the impact from different facets of the Master's speech (medical/scientific, state and normative) on the psychotic subject and, consequently, on the psychoanalytic clinic of psychoses. The analysis of the specificity of the psychoanalytic method in cases of psychosis, as well as the way the Master's speech persists on the objectification of the subject will lead to the assumption that the psychoanalytic clinic is not only possible, but also necessary. Necessary because the analytical act challenges the Master speech's role, opening the possibility for transformation or inversion of this role throughout the treatment. By doing that, the analytical act becomes a political act since it will serve to create a social bond outside the requirements, rules and standards of a given society
Esta tese visa abordar a clínica psicanalítica das psicoses, particularmente a partir do trabalho de Freud e Lacan. A fim de compreender a importância desta clínica, é necessário fazer dois movimentos distintos: um retorno ao contexto no qual ela surgiu e uma revisão das questões atuais nas quais ela está inserida. Assim, os objetivos desta tese concentram-se em três eixos: 1) determinar as indicações clínicas fornecidas por Freud e Lacan; 2) pensar a clínica psicanalítica das psicoses em relação às proposições terapêuticas provindas do discurso médico (dominante na nossa sociedade atual); 3) analisar a contribuição da psicanálise para certos aspectos da clínica das psicoses hoje. O corte teórico-clínico atual que será analisado diz respeito ao impacto das diferentes facetas do discurso do mestre (médico/científico, estatal e normativo) sobre os sujeitos psicóticos e, consequentemente, sobre a clínica psicanalítica das psicoses. A análise da especificidade do método psicanalítico nos casos de psicose, bem como a análise da forma como o discurso do mestre persiste na objetivação do sujeito, nos levará à hipótese de que a clínica psicanalítica de psicoses é não somente possível, como também necessária. Necessária na medida em que o ato analítico questiona a função do discurso do mestre e abre, através do tratamento, a possibilidade de transforma-lo ou até mesmo de invertê-lo. Ao fazer isso, o ato analítico se torna ao mesmo tempo um ato político posto que servirá para criar um laço social além das exigências protocolares, regulatórias e normativas de uma dada sociedade
Nzenge, Alaziambina Gikila. "Intelligence et guerres : essai sur la philosophie politique de H. Bergson : approche analytique et descriptive /". Lubumbashi : Université nationale du Zaïre, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb349088040.
Texto completoCavallin, Jens. "Content and object : Husserl, Twardowski and psychologism /". Stockholm : Department of philosophy, University of Stockholm, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb354594273.
Texto completoShim, Jaiwon. "Michel Foucault : liberté, pouvoir et leur histoire : introduction thématique à son anthropologie nominaliste". Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100086.
Texto completoThis thesis consists of four parts: I. Archaeology and genealogy, II. Micropower and government, III. Liberty and care of self, IV. Birth of nominalist anthropology. In part I, archaeology evolves toward a critical-rational method, while genealogy applies to the polemical position against the theoretical-speculative visions of the world. Part II deals with the micropower Foucault reveals with “discipline” as total individualising socio-control. Then the micropower reveals itself as physical-moral relations of power which enable this “discipline” to exist. Nevertheless, it integrates the nominalist conception of power as strategic relation between social agents. And it is in this context that we find the forerunner of the conception of “government”. As power consists in “government” (a conducting relation between free individuals), it is no longer opposed to individual liberty as practice of the self-subjectifying will. This conception of liberty treated in part III is drawn from the histories of the “care of self”. Foucault problematizes this care of self with the “techniques of self” which accompany it as practical matrix. In fact, he repositions them in the context of the care of self with “the greatness of mind”. Concerning nominalism (which is treated in part IV), Foucault asserts that history takes an interest in the factual truths of specific events. Thus nominalism joins Foucault's anthropology as his found-again ultimate horizon. This renewed tendency means there is a nominalist return to anthropology
Fouquet, Gérard. ""Les arts martiaux" : histoire, aspects, rapports avec le sport et l'éducation physique". Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010522.
Texto completoSandler, Dimitri. "Histoire, expérience et transmission chez Walter Benjamin". Strasbourg 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20059.
Texto completoThe ambition of this work consists in pointing out the cardinal position of history in Benjamin's fragmentary work. Our goal is to designate history as major category of his philosophical thinking, enveloping and covering up many other heterogeneous objects and notions he worked on, such as literature, experience, language and transmission. Such an assertion implies that history would set up a simultaneously phenomenal and ideological space where those objects and notions would arrange in constellation to question out each others. Benjamin, haunted by spectral historical circumstances coming back though the medium of historiography, gave himself the task of saving the phenomena from disappearance. Historiography, identifying mythically itself to history, would miss what is authentically historical and would generate an illusory historical tradition. The goal here is to reveal a discrimination that seems primordial to us between the order of factuality and the order of experience so as to enlighten what Benjamin means when he offers to brush back history. Going back to certain thesis of his theory of language and to the prospect of transmission, we'll try to point out that this renewal of the historical writing is based on our inability to catch the bare history, which means out of the space circumscribed by historiography. The historical event, like the proustian "temps perdu", would only unveil through its return in writing; only through the site of its alienation to the order of the historical meaning. From apparently Benjamins' heterogeneous thesis about language, transmission and experience, our purpose is to try to understand which role the concept of history could have stand in his work, how it polarises this philosophical thinking and determines its inscription onto a critical economy
Hiernaux, Quentin. "Individuation et philosophie du végétal". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/269874.
Texto completoDoctorat en Philosophie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished