Tesis sobre el tema "Hide model"

The ability to correctly judge moral character—an individual’s disposition to think, feel, and behave ethically—is critical considering the negative consequences of misjudgment (e.g., being betrayed or swindled). However, it is currently unknown whether people can reliably detect strangers’ moral character, nor is it known how to best elicit relevant information from strangers to determine their moral character. This research is designed to remedy this dearth in our understanding of moral character judgments, particularly in settings where we need to make prompt evaluations of strangers based on limited information that we obtained from them. The biggest challenge in assessing another person’s moral character is that it is extremely socially desirable, and therefore highly susceptible to distorted self-perceptions and impression management. To address this problem, I propose and test a new person-perception theory: the hidden information distribution and evaluation (HIDE) model. In chapter 1, I develop the HIDE model, which posits that there are aspects of information that individuals do not correctly know about themselves (which I call the hiddenself), as well as aspects of information individuals misrepresent to others (which I call the hiding-self). This model articulates when and why judges (i.e., evaluators) not personally acquainted with targets of evaluation (e.g., job applicants) can reliably detect these targets’ moral character and predict their future unethical behavior. In particular, I propose that the impromptu thinking and language usage that arises when a person answers specially designed interview questions reveal information about his/her hidden-self and hiding-self, enabling a group of judges to make valid judgments about his/her moral character. Additionally, the HIDE model predicts that judges’ evaluations using this written interview method will be more valid than evaluations provided by targets’ acquaintances. This is because social relationships can lead people to form biased impressions of targets they are acquainted with, so that they are unable to see the targets’ hidden selves as clearly as judges who do not know the targets. In chapter 2, I test the HIDE model’s prediction that groups of judges can reliably predict targets’ unethical behavior by evaluating their moral character using the written interview method. In studies 1 and 2, large groups of judges were crowd-sourced online. I show that their average moral character evaluations successfully predicts targets’ frequency of unethical behaviors in the laboratory (study 1) and the workplace (study 2). Study 3 extends these findings by determining the minimum number of judges (six) required to make moral character evaluations that predict unethical behavior. In chapter 3, I test the HIDE model’s prediction that judges’ evaluations based on the written interview method can capture unique information about targets’ hidden-self. Three empirical studies (studies 4, 5, and 6) show that these evaluations indeed capture unique variance in targets’ moral character that is missed by both self-reports and ratings provided by targets’ acquaintances. Consequently, these evaluations are more predictive of targets’ unethical behavior than the ratings provided by either the targets themselves or their acquaintances. In chapter 4, I investigate the HIDE model’s prediction that judges’ evaluations using the written interview method can capture unique information about targets’ hiding-self. This occurs because responses to the interview questions reveal implicit aspects of moral character that targets cannot control or fake, even when they want to. In study 7, I manipulated whether targets had an incentive to answer the interview questions in a positively biased manner. I show that judges’ evaluations of targets (based on the interview questions) are actually more predictive of their unethical behavior when targets were motivated to respond in a positively biased manner. Finally, in chapter 5, I carried out text analyses to explore how human judges utilize linguistic cues in written responses to form impressions of moral character, and how these cues predict targets’ unethical behavior. The goal of this chapter is to identify linguistic cues that human judges fail to correctly detect or utilize, and thus to identify shared biases in human perceptions of ethicality. Building on these exploratory text analyses, I discuss the future directions of this research program, especially the potential value of combining human judgments and machine algorithms to boost the accuracy of unethical behavior forecasts.

Tracking of a single ground target using GMTI radar detections is considered. A Variable Structure- Autonomous- Interactive Multiple Model (VS-A-IMM) structure is developed to address challenges of ground target tracking, while maintaining an acceptable level computational complexity at the same time. The following approach is used in this thesis: Use simple tracker structures
incorporate a priori information such as topographic constraints, road maps as much as possible
use enhanced gating techniques to minimize the eect of clutter
develop methods against stop-move motion and hide motion of the target
tackle on-road/o-road transitions and junction crossings
establish measures against non-detections caused by environment. The tracker structure is derived using a composite state estimation set-up that incorporate multi models and MAP and MMSE estimations. The root mean square position and velocity error performances of the VS-A-IMM algorithm are compared with respect to the baseline IMM and the VS-IMM methods found in the literature. It is observed that the newly developed VS-A-IMM algorithm performs better than the baseline methods in realistic conditions such as on-road/o-road transitions, tunnels, stops, junction crossings, non-detections.

Mestrado em Biotecnologia - Alimentar
Honey is essentially composed by carbohydrates, fructose (38 %) and glucose (31 %), mainly resultant of invertase activity. Furthermore, several oligosaccharides can be identified in honey, comprising 5 to 10 % of total carbohydrates. The origin of these oligosaccharides is still uncertain, as most of them are not present neither in nectar or in pollen. The research on this subject, mainly conducted in the past century, demonstrated the capability of invertase, namely the α-glucosidase activity, to transfer α-glucosyl residues to other carbohydrate moieties. As this transglucosylation activity was reported both to bees’ and honey’s invertases, it was proposed that the action of invertase was the source for α-glucose linked sugars. Nonetheless, there is still no explanation for the origin of the remaining oligosaccharides. The present work hypothesizes that nonenzymatic reactions could also occur in honey promoting the formation of oligosaccharides. This can be supported by the fact that honey maturation conditions, such as high sugar concentrations in acidic media, induce condensation of carbohydrates, reactions also known as reversion reactions. In order to validate this hypothesis, six aqueous model solutions (moisture content of 20 %) containing sucrose plus glucose, and sucrose plus fructose were prepared using diluted citric acid at pH 4.0, pH 2.0, and with no acid addition. The model solutions were kept in an oven at 35 ⁰C, which is the normal temperature inside beehives with brood production. Besides the influence of honey maturation conditions on its oligosaccharides profile was assessed by analysis of honeys with different properties, particularly the duration and season of maturation. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis allowed monitoring the changes occurring in each model solution along 5 months. This method revealed the occurrence of non-enzymatic oligosaccharide synthesis with a degree of polymerization (DP) up to 6 after 5 months. Ligand-exchange/size-exclusion chromatography (LEX-SEC) separation of the oligosaccharides formed in model solutions and present in honey and methylation analysis allowed to observe that the produced oligosaccharides had a glycosidic linkage composition similar to that obtained for honey oligosaccharides. In higher amounts, for most fractions, were terminally-linked glucose (Glc) residues together with lower amounts of (1->2)-, (1->4)- and (1->6)-Glc. Concerning fructose, terminally-linked fructose (Fru) residues were the most abundant and (2->1)- and (2->6)-Fru were in minor amounts. In addition, several branched residues were identified, being (1->2,3,4,6)-Glc the most abundant, and found predominantly in solutions prepared with citric acid. The structure and identity of the oligosaccharides were further elucidated by gas-chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) after derivatization to the alditol acetates derivatives.
O mel é composto essencialmente por hidratos de carbono, sendo a frutose (38 %) e a glucose (31 %) maioritariamente resultantes da atividade da invertase. Além disso, vários oligossacarídeos foram identificados no mel, constituindo 5 a 10 % do total dos açúcares. A origem destes oligossacarídeos ainda é incerta, uma vez que a maioria não é reportada nem no néctar nem no pólen. A investigação desta temática, maioritariamente conduzida no século passado, demonstraram a capacidade da invertase, designadamente a atividade de α-glucosidase, em transferir resíduos α-glucosyl para grupos funcionais de outros hidratos de carbono. Uma vez que esta atividade de transglucosilação foi reportada tanto para a invertase das abelhas como do mel, especulou-se que a ação desta enzima estivesse na origem dos açúcares com ligações de α-glucose. No entanto, ainda não existe uma explicação para a origem dos restantes oligossacarídeos. O presente trabalho coloca a hipótese de que reações não enzimáticas possam ocorrer no mel, promovendo a formação de oligossacarídeos. Esta hipótese pode ser suportada pelo facto das condições de maturação do mel, como as concentrações elevadas de açúcar em meio ácido, induzirem à condensação dos hidratos de carbono, reações também designadas por reações de reversão. De forma a validar esta hipótese, seis soluções modelo aquosas (teor de humidade de 20 %) de sacarose com glucose e de sacarose com frutose foram preparadas com ácido cítrico diluído a pH 4.0, a pH 2.0 e sem adição de ácido. As soluções foram mantidas numa estufa a 35⁰C, correspondente à temperatura média no interior da colmeia aquando da criação do ninho. Também se acedeu à influência das condições de maturação do mel no seu perfil de oligossacarídeos, através da análise de méis com diferentes propriedades, destacando-se a duração e o tempo de maturação. As análises de ionização em electrospray acopladas a espectrometria de massa (ESI-MS) permitiram monitorizar as alterações que ocorreram nas soluções durante 5 meses. Este método revelou a ocorrência da síntese de oligossacarídeos não enzimática, com um DP máximo observado de 6, após 5 meses. A separação dos açúcares formados nas soluções modelo e presentes nos méis através de cromatografia de afinidade e de exclusão-molecular (LEX-SEC) e a análise de metilação permitiram observar que os oligossacarídeos produzidos tinham uma composição em ligações glicosídicas semelhante à dos oligossacarídeos do mel. A maioria das frações era composta principalmente por resíduos de glucose ligados pelo terminal e por resíduos de fructose ligada terminalmente e, em menor quantidade, por resíduos de glucose com ligações (1->2), (1->4) e (1->6) e por resíduos de frutose com ligações (2->1), (2->3) e (2->6). Também foram identificados resíduos correspondentes a ramificações, sendo o (1->2,3,4,6) -Glc o mais abundante e encontrado predominantemente em soluções elaboradas com ácido cítrico. A estrutura e a identidade dos oligossacarídeos anteriormente mencionados foram clarificados através da cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massa, após derivatização nos seus acetatos de alditol.

The High-Intensity-Discharge Lamps (HID), consisting of a broad range of gas discharge lamps, are notable for their high luminous efficacy, good color rendering, and long life. Metal halide lamps have the best combination of the above properties and are considered the most ideal light sources. Recently, there has been an emerging demand to replace the conventional halogen headlamps with the newly introduced small-wattage metal halide HID lamps. However, this lamp demands a highly efficient ballast and very complex control circuitry that can achieve fast turn-on and different regulation modes during the lamp start-up process. Due to the complex lamp v-i profile and timing control requirements, control circuit built with conventional analog control is unavoidably cumbersome. With the unparalleled flexibility and programmability, digital control shows more advantages in this application. An automotive HID ballast with digital controller is developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the digital control along with some key issues in digital controller selection and design. Results show that the microcontroller-based HID ballast can successfully realize the required control functions and achieve a smooth turn-on process and a fast turn-on time of 8 seconds. One of the major issues of ballast design is the ballast/HID lamp system stability, which originates from the lamp negative incremental impedance. The lamp small-signal model is presented with simulation and measurements. The negative incremental impedance is attributed to a RHP zero in the small-signal model. A new analysis approach, impedance ratio criterion, is proposed to analyze the system stability. With this approach, it clearly shows how the control configurations and converter and control design affect the system stability. The results can provide guidance and be easily used in control configuration selection and converter and control design. Analysis shows that ballast based on PWM converter without inner current loop is unstable and with inner current loop can stabilized the system. This is the reason why for a microcontroller-based ballast system the inner current loop has to be used. HID lamp has its special acoustic resonance problem and thus a low-frequency unregulated full-bridge is used following the front-end DC/DC converter. To prevent from lamp re-igniting during each bridge commutation, a minimum current changing slope has to be guaranteed. In order to help design the converter, the ballast/lamp re-ignition analysis is presented. With this analysis, it shows that the output capacitance has to be small enough to ensure adequate current slope during zero crossing. Though some approximation is used to simplify the analysis, the results can provide qualitative guidance in the ballast design.
Master of Science

The aim of the study was to better understand the business model change process at the firm level with specific reference to small firms, an area that remains under researched. Business model change drivers, constraints and facilitators were examined in the context of small, independent videogame development firms. The videogame industry is a fast-moving, global industry with entrepreneurial characteristics and a notable number of small and micro firms involved in games development. Such firms have traditionally operated using a contractor-based, ‘work-for-hire’ business model. This is characterised by project-based activities, little or no proprietary intellectual property, a weak financial model, and limited possibilities to build value into the firm. In recent years, new market and technology-related opportunities have emerged for such firms to change to a higher value model that incorporates proprietary intellectual property ownership, an ‘IP’ model. However despite the attraction of this model, and support from industry and policymakers, the successful change from work-for-hire has been limited thereby restricting both firm and industry development. Understanding the rationale for this can contribute to the business model change literature and inform videogame industry policy. This was an empirical study incorporating an exploratory, inductive approach with an embedded single case design that focused on independent videogame development firms and four business model change routes. Qualitative, longitudinal data were collected via 37 semi-structured interviews with purposefully selected entrepreneurs and industry experts; personal observations from interviews and 13 industry events in the UK and abroad; and documentation analysis of firm and industry data. The key findings indicated that: (i) business model change drivers were internal and external in nature with the entrepreneur’s preferences and the business model characteristics being dominant; (ii) certain business model change constraints influenced the composition, timing and success of business model change but were rarely preventative at business model adoption; (iii) the change process was opportunistic, ad hoc and facilitated by experimentation, finance, parallel models and a supportive firm and external environment; and (iv) parallel models were a critical part of business model change. For industry the study indicated that: (i) the IP model opportunity is questionable for many firms; (ii) the work-for-hire and combination models were prevalent but underrated; and (iii) innovation at the business model component may be a more appropriate way for videogame development firms to gain value.

This thesis deals with the development of an affordable hive scale which will be placed under the hive. The scale is expected to show the user all necessary information via the GSM mobile network. Incoming SMS message informs the user about the current weight and moisture. The information obtained can be displayed graphically in the application for android phones.

Målet med den här datorbaserade filosofiska utredningen inom kognitionsvetenskap är att utforska intentionalitet i kollektiva beteenden hos artificiella svärmar. Två definitioner av intentionalitet utforskades; som representationer hos agenter och som observerbara attribut hos agenter, även kallat intentional stance. För den representativa definitionen användes en modell av kollektiv intentionalitet som integrerar två olika ståndpunkter, singularståndpunkten och pluralståndpunkten av kollektiv intentionalitet. Modellen har fem villkor för intentionalitet enligt SharedPlans. Genom att använda Belief-Desire-Intention-modellen för intelligenta agenter operationaliserades villkoren till möjliga representationer. En implementation av en målinriktad artificiell svärm i NetLogo analyserades genom att studera hur väl den uppfyllde de operationaliserade villkoren. Fyra av fem villkor var uppfyllda. Flera simuleringar med olika hastighet genomfördes även under observation. Dessa visade att processen kunde delas upp i tre faser med olika egenskaper. Den utforskande fasen hade gemensam intentionalitet centrerad till ett fåtal aktiva individer. Beslutsfasen hade individuella intentioner som kunde stå i konflikt med varandra medan gemensamma intentioner strävade mot samma mål. I flyttfasen var de individuella intentionerna att förhålla sig till varandra, vilket fick gruppen att upplevas som en enhet med intentionen att flytta gruppen. Resultaten visade att intentionalitet kan observeras och analyseras hos den här artificiella svärmen. Däremot har svärmen inte kollektiv intentionalitet utifrån båda ståndpunkterna.

In a context where technology is increasingly being incorporated into health care practice, many U.S. health care providers and organizations are finding it challenging to connect disparate electronic documentation systems to retrieve patient information when coordinating care across providers and heath care entities. Local and regional health information exchange (HIE) systems were created to facilitate collecting information into one integrated patient record to address information transfer between heath care providers. Yet, adoption and use of HIEs have been low. The purpose of this study was to review the predictive factors accounting for physicians' use of a HIE in the U.S. state of Hawaii. Key factors from the technology acceptance model were evaluated to determine the behavioral intention resulting in actual use of the Hawaii health information exchange (HHIE). Physician characteristics (medical specialty, age, and gender) and location characteristics were also assessed. The total population of the study contained 1034 Hawaii physicians who have signed up to use the HHIE. Linear and logistic regression models were structured to evaluate the predictive nature of (a) use to determine if a physician has ever logged into the HIE and (b) usage to evaluate the extent to which a physician is logging into the HIE. Findings from the study reveal a predictive relationship between the characteristic of medical specialty and HHIE use when comparing primary care and emergency department physicians to physician specialists. Using study results, health care leaders can improve physician outreach and review barriers when using the HIE systems to coordinate care. Policy implications include the possible formulation of future requirements surrounding HIE physician participation.

Na última década métodos sintáticos vêm sendo bastante empregados para reconhecimento de padrões em imagens. Uma revisão sistemática sobre o assunto indicou que há trabalhos sobre a utilização de gramáticas para reconhecimento de objetos específicos em imagens, reconhecimento de texturas, construção de objetos, segmentação de imagens, mudança de escala de imagens e reconhecimento de layouts de páginas e documentos. Foi percebido que apenas alguns dos trabalhos analisados apresentavam métodos de inferência gramatical. Percebida essa lacuna, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a utilização de gramáticas estocásticas inferidas a partir de amostras de treinamento que continham as estruturas de quadtrees das imagens no problema de classificação de imagens. Para atingir tal objetivo foram utilizados e adaptados dois algoritmos de inferência gramatical e um algoritmo de estimação de probabilidades responsável por transformar as gramáticas livres de contexto inferidas em gramáticas livres de contexto estocásticas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que as técnicas propostas podem ser utilizadas na classificação de figuras geométricas. Entretanto, embora o desempenho com quadtrees não tenha sido excelente, ficou claro que o uso de gramáticas pode ser uma abordagem interessante para a classificação de imagens.
In the last decade syntactic methods have been widely used for pattern recognition in images. A systematic review on this subject indicated that there are works about the usage of grammars for recognizing specific objects in images, recognition of textures, construction of objects, image segmentation, image scaling, and recognition of layouts in documents. It was noticed that only some of the analyzed studies showed methods of grammatical inference. Perceived this gap, this study aimed to evaluate the usage of stochastic grammars inferred from training samples containing structures of quadtrees of images in image classification problem. To achieve this goal it was used and adapted two algorithms for grammatical inference and one algorithm of probability estimation responsible for transforming the inferred context-free grammars in stochastic context-free grammars. The results show that the proposed techniques can be used in the classification of geometric figures. However, although the performance with quadtrees has not been excellent, it was clear that the use of grammars can be an interesting approach for image classification.

This diploma thesis deals with design, realization and analysis of security and surveillance systems for buildings and spaces containing advanced components. One of the main design's parts is dedicated to intruder alarm system, access system, attendance and CCTV systems with the possibility of automatic motion tracking. Controlling and monitoring of particular subsystems is possible both locally and remotely from a computer via a web interface or by means of a software. The access to camera system from a mobile phone is also possible. IAS/ACS systems also enable controlling and transferring information about their state via SMS. The designed system was realized completely and its operating was demonstrated. The realization is described in detail including illustration of configuration of particular components. A security analysis and a possible future development of the project is summarized in the conclusion.

碩士
淡江大學
財務金融學系碩士班
93
The credit rating measurement is changing from subjective judgment analysis and traditional financial rate scoring method into multi-variables, CAPM based with computerized system dynamic quantities approach. In Taiwan, there are only a small number of financials apply the credit scoring system on personal credit loan and credit card. There is no company to create the consumer installment credit analysis system. In the consumer installment market, the main subject is general consumer. We can not apply market –to-market model to value the consumer. The Default model is using to measure the credit risk of individual consumer. The new development approaches, including Generic Algorithms, Artificial Neural Network, Fuzzy theory, and Grey Theory, are seldom used to create personal credit risk model. The special characteristic of consumer installment market—wide product line but shallow product market, limits the applications of above measuring approaches on personal credit scoring system. We are used to apply subjective method such as 5C or 5P to judge personal credit. In multi-variables analysis the Probit and Logit model are popular in risk measurement model. But their explanation power and estimating coefficient are very similar. We choose only one approach is enough to do empirical research. The database setup is first priority for credit scoring system creation. We need to include not only the personal factor of consumer but also the basic data of customer, the data setup of credit data, the trading process and the connection with the customer. We need all the database can be worked consistence and cross connection with each other. The database setup, the related operation interface, and the integration of new and old system are the main factors to ensure the fluently usage of credit scoring system.