Tesis sobre el tema "Heroin dependence"
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Scott, Anna Basich. "Initiation of intravenous heroin use : symbolic meaning of the first time /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7232.
Texto completoMills, Katherine Public Health & Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Post traumatic stress disorder among people with heroin dependence". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Public Health and Community Medicine, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23339.
Texto completoShaw, Elizabeth H. "An exploration of the process of recovery from heroin dependence". Thesis, University of Hull, 2011. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4910.
Texto completoZarnegar, Parisa. "In vitro and postmortem studies of the brain opioid system: association to opiate dependence /". Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-904-1/.
Texto completoLeung, Wai-hing Frances y 梁慧卿. "An exploratory study of factors leading to alcohol dependence among treated heroin addicts". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249504.
Texto completoLeung, Wai-hing Frances. "An exploratory study of factors leading to alcohol dependence among treated heroin addicts /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13744707.
Texto completoWalmsley, Clarey J. "Factors associated with opiate dependence : an interaction of cognitive, genetic and psychosocial influences on acquisition and outcome /". St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17744.pdf.
Texto completoMetrebian, Nicola. "Influences on the prescribing of heroin for the treatment of opiate dependence in the United Kingdom". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8267.
Texto completoBrooks, Victoria Louise. "The role of Injectable Opiate Treatment in the patient's journey of recovery from entrenched heroin dependence". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-injectable-opiate-treatment-in-the-patients-journey-of-recovery-from-entrenched-heroin-dependence(a3f3b96b-26dc-4b23-ae65-8fe16916840b).html.
Texto completoWilliamson, Anna Public Health & Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "The effect of cocaine use on outcomes for the treatment of heroin dependence in Sydney, Australia". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24973.
Texto completoBain, Katherine Alison. "Chased by the dragon the experience of relapse in cocaine and heroin users /". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10192004-100341.
Texto completoWittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Sabine M. Apelt, Michael Soyka, Markus Gastpar, Markus Backmund, Jörg Gölz, Michael R. Kraus et al. "Feasibility and outcome of substitution treatment of heroin-dependent patients in specialized substitution centers and primary care facilities in Germany: A naturalistic study in 2694 patients". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-110756.
Texto completoSoyka, Michael, Jens Strehle, Jürgen Rehm, Gerhard Bühringer y Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Six-Year Outcome of Opioid Maintenance Treatment in Heroin-Dependent Patients: Results from a Naturalistic Study in a Nationally Representative Sample". Karger, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71616.
Texto completoWittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Sabine M. Apelt, Michael Soyka, Markus Gastpar, Markus Backmund, Jörg Gölz, Michael R. Kraus et al. "Feasibility and outcome of substitution treatment of heroin-dependent patients in specialized substitution centers and primary care facilities in Germany: A naturalistic study in 2694 patients". Technische Universität Dresden, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26834.
Texto completoLaForge, Karl Steven. "Preproenkephalin Gene and mRNA : Studies of Structure, Function, Cocaine Responses in an Animal Model, and Genetic Association with Human Opiate Addiction". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4013.
Texto completoFrick, Ulrich, Jürgen Rehm, Daniele Zullino, Manrique Fernando, Gerhard Wiesbeck, Jeannine Ammann y Ambros Uchtenhagen. "Long-Term Follow-Up of Orally Administered Diacetylmorphine Substitution Treatment". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-133129.
Texto completoDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
Frick, Ulrich, Jürgen Rehm, Daniele Zullino, Manrique Fernando, Gerhard Wiesbeck, Jeannine Ammann y Ambros Uchtenhagen. "Long-Term Follow-Up of Orally Administered Diacetylmorphine Substitution Treatment". Karger, 2010. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27490.
Texto completoDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
Woods, Sally C. "Heroin and methadone substitution treatments : harm reduction and the effectiveness of 'flexible' prescribing for the treatment of opioid dependency". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2005. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5852/.
Texto completoMagrath, Steven Matt. "Medication Assisted Treatment and the Three Legged Stool: Medical Providers, Chemical Dependency Professionals, and Clients". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1472903728.
Texto completoDagher, Hoda. "La dépendance à l'héroïne dans ses dimensions générationnelles et transgénérationnelles". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2014/document.
Texto completoAddiction to Heroin poses serious problems, given its spread among the youth and its relationship to self-destruction, transgression and crime.For years, and despite their conceptual differences, psychoanalytic and systemic perspectives concur on the importance of family related factors in young people who develop addictive behaviors to substances, including Heroin.Addiction to Heroin appears to be prevalent in dysfunctional families where parenting roles are destructive, the maternal functions being deficient or excessive and the paternal functions showing major failures, as well as familial and parental conflicts that can be traced to causes that are beyond the present and rooted in transgenerational transmission.Addictive behaviors seen under the generational and transgenerational angles have not been studied in the Lebanese experience. It seems to us that the Lebanese youth addicted to Heroin are trying to resolve, through their drug intake, a dependency that is connected to a pervasive past and is reflective of an unresolved family history which repeats itself from one generation to another.Thereby discerning the problematics of Heroin addiction in Lebanon, examining the central role of early relationships experienced by heroin addicts, and highlighting the generational characteristics of the family genogram can provide important clues in understanding the addiction’s pathologies and also allow a better targeting of therapeutic interventions
Fonseca, Casals Francina. "Pharmacogenomic study of oppioid addicts in methadone treatment / Francina Fonseca Casals". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7234.
Texto completoThe study recruited opioid dependence patients (DSM-IV criteria) from a MMT community program. Patients were clinically assessed and blood samples were obtained in order to evaluate methadone plasma concentrations of (R,S)-, (R) and (S)- methadone. Allelic variants of genes encoding the following proteins were assessed: BDNF, OPRM1, MYOCD, mGluR6, mGluR8, CRY1, NR4A2, 1q31.2 (rs965972), 2q21.2 (rs1867898), CYP3A5, CYP2D6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and P-glycoprotein. Responders and non-responders were defined by means of illicit opioid consumption detected in random urinalyses.
Differences in response status were found depending on different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs of genes encoding for BDNF, MYOCD and GRM6. The CYP2D6 metabolizing phenotype was associated with response to MMT, and also with methadone dosage requirement and methadone plasma concentrations.
Els programes de manteniment amb metadona (PMM) han demostrat eficàcia en el tractament del trastorn per dependència d'opiacis malgrat la persistència de pacients amb mala resposta al tractament. L'estudi dels factors farmacodinàmics i farmacocinètics implicats en la resposta terapèutica ofereix resultats controvertits. L'objectiu de la tesi doctoral que es presenta és estudiar els factors farmacodinàmics i farmacocinètics de la metadona que poden estar implicats en l'eficàcia del tractament. S'han inclòs pacients ambulatoris diagnosticats de trastorn per dependència d'opiacis (segons criteris DSM-IV) en PMM. Els pacients s'han avaluat a nivell clínic i s'han obtingut mostres de sang per a l'estudi de les concentracions plasmàtiques de (R,S)-, (R) i (S)- metadona. S'han estudiat també les variants al·lèliques dels gens que codifiquen per: BDNF, OPRM1, MYOCD, mGluR6, mGluR8, CRY1, NR4A2, 1q31.2 (rs965972), 2q21.2 (rs1867898), CYP3A5, CYP2D6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 i P-glicoproteïna. La mostra s'ha dividit en responedors i no responedors en funció del nombre de controls d'orina positius per a heroïna en analítiques realitzades de forma aleatòria.
Es van detectar diferències en resposta al tractament segons les variants dels gens codificants per a BDNF, MYOCD i GRM6. També es va detectar una associació entre el fenotip de CYP2D6, la resposta al tractament, la dosi requerida de metadona i les concentracions plasmàtiques.
Santos, Monika Maria Lucia Freitas dos. "Defeating the dragon: Heroin dependence recovery". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2369.
Texto completoPsychology
(M.A.(Psychology))
"Prediction of heroin dependence and its treatment outcome by receptor gene polymorphisms and cold-pressor test: a case/control association study". 2006. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892888.
Texto completoThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 178-215).
Abstracts and appendices in English and Chinese.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.ii
ABSTRACT --- p.iii
研究摘要 --- p.vi
Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1.1. --- Heroin --- p.1
Chapter 1.1.1. --- Manufacture --- p.1
Chapter 1.1.2. --- Administration --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.3. --- Physical and Psychological Effects --- p.4
Chapter 1.1.4. --- Heroin Metabolism --- p.5
Chapter 1.1.5. --- Treatments for Heroin Dependence --- p.6
Chapter 1.2. --- Opioids and Analgesia --- p.8
Chapter 1.2.1. --- Pain Transmission --- p.8
Chapter 1.2.2. --- Pain Modulation and Endogenous Opioid System --- p.9
Chapter 1.2.3. --- Clinical Application of Opiates in Pain Management --- p.11
Chapter 1.2.4. --- Narcotics and Pain --- p.11
Chapter 1.3. --- Biological Basis of Drug Addiction --- p.12
Chapter 1.3.1. --- Mesocorticolimbic Reward System --- p.13
Chapter 1.3.2. --- Molecular Neurobiology of Drug Addiction --- p.16
Chapter 1.3.2.1. --- "Cyclic Adenosine-3',5'-Monophosphate and Protein Kinase A" --- p.16
Chapter 1.3.2.2. --- Transcription Factors: cAMP-Response Element Binding Protein and Delta-Fos B --- p.18
Chapter 1.3.2.3. --- Neurotrophic Factors --- p.23
Chapter 1.4. --- Biological Basis of Relapse --- p.25
Chapter 1.4.1. --- Environmental Stimuli --- p.26
Chapter 1.4.2. --- Drug Re-exposure/Priming --- p.26
Chapter 1.4.3. --- Acute Stress Exposure --- p.27
Chapter 1.5. --- Gene Polymorphisms and Opioid Dependence --- p.30
Chapter 1.5.1. --- Opioidergic System --- p.31
Chapter 1.5.2. --- Dopaminergic System --- p.36
Chapter 1.5.3. --- Serotoninergic System --- p.41
Chapter 1.5.4. --- Noradrenergic System --- p.43
Chapter 1.5.5. --- GABAergic System --- p.44
Chapter 1.6. --- Aim of Research --- p.45
Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- METHODS OF STUDY
Chapter 2.1. --- Subject Recruitment and Demographic Data Collection --- p.49
Chapter 2.1.1. --- Heroin-dependent Subjects --- p.49
Chapter 2.1.1.1. --- Phenotype Assessment --- p.49
Chapter 2.1.1.2. --- Socio-demographics Data and Substance Use History --- p.50
Chapter 2.1.1.3. --- Addiction Severity Index (ASI) --- p.51
Chapter 2.1.1.4. --- History of Detoxifications and Relapse --- p.51
Chapter 2.1.2. --- Control Subjects --- p.51
Chapter 2.2. --- Pain Response Assessment using Cold-Pressor Test (CPT) --- p.52
Chapter 2.3. --- Personality Trait Assessment --- p.53
Chapter 2.4. --- Genotype Analysis --- p.55
Chapter 2.4.1. --- DNA Extraction --- p.55
Chapter 2.4.2. --- Genotyping --- p.56
Chapter 2.4.2.1. --- MORA118G --- p.56
Chapter 2.4.2.2. --- DOR T921C --- p.56
Chapter 2.4.2.3. --- COMTVal108/158Met --- p.57
Chapter 2.4.2.4. --- Prodynorphin 68bp-VNTR --- p.58
Chapter 2.4.2.5. --- DRD2 TaqI A --- p.59
Chapter 2.4.2.6. --- DRD4 -521C/T --- p.59
Chapter 2.4.2.7. --- 5HT1B G861C --- p.60
Chapter 2.5. --- Saliva Collection and Salivary Cortisol Measurement --- p.61
Chapter 2.6. --- Statistical Analysis --- p.62
Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- RESULTS
Chapter 3.1. --- Demographics --- p.64
Chapter 3.1.1. --- Age --- p.64
Chapter 3.1.2. --- Ethnicity --- p.64
Chapter 3.1.3. --- District of Residence and Type of Housing --- p.64
Chapter 3.1.4. --- "Education, Employment and Income" --- p.68
Chapter 3.1.5. --- ASI Scores --- p.71
Chapter 3.1.5.1. --- Family/Social Relationship --- p.71
Chapter 3.1.5.2. --- Employment and Support Status --- p.73
Chapter 3.1.5.3. --- Medical Status --- p.73
Chapter 3.1.5.4. --- Legal Status --- p.75
Chapter 3.1.5.5. --- Psychiatric Status --- p.75
Chapter 3.1.5.6. --- Drug Use Status --- p.76
Chapter 3.1.5.7. --- Alcohol Use Status --- p.79
Chapter 3.1.6. --- Tranquillizer Use Status --- p.79
Chapter 3.1.7. --- Smoking Status --- p.81
Chapter 3.1.8. --- Detoxification and Relapse --- p.83
Chapter 3.2. --- Cold-Pressor Test (CPT) --- p.88
Chapter 3.3. --- Personality Traits --- p.90
Chapter 3.3.1. --- NEO PI-R --- p.90
Chapter 3.3.2. --- BIS/BAS --- p.93
Chapter 3.3.3. --- SSS-V --- p.93
Chapter 3.4. --- Salivary Cortisol Levels --- p.93
Chapter 3.5. --- Genotype and Allele Frequencies of Gene Polymorphisms --- p.96
Chapter 3.5.1. --- MOR A118G Polymorphism --- p.96
Chapter 3.5.2. --- DOR T921C Polymorphism --- p.96
Chapter 3.5.3. --- COMT Val108/158Met Polymorphism --- p.99
Chapter 3.5.4. --- Prodynorphin 68bp-VNTR --- p.99
Chapter 3.5.5. --- DRD2 TαqI A Polymorphism --- p.102
Chapter 3.5.6. --- DRD4 -521C/T Polymorphism --- p.102
Chapter 3.5.7. --- 5HT1B G861C Polymorphism --- p.105
Chapter 3.6. --- "Association of Gene Polymorphisms, Personality Traits and CPT" --- p.105
Chapter 3.7. --- Association of Gene Polymorphisms and CPT --- p.108
Chapter 3.7.1. --- COMT Val108/158Met Polymorphism --- p.108
Chapter 3.7.2. --- DRD4 -521C/T Polymorphism --- p.108
Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 4.1. --- Demographics and Potential Environmental Factors of Relapse --- p.111
Chapter 4.1.1. --- Medical and Psychological Status --- p.114
Chapter 4.1.2. --- Substance Use Status --- p.116
Chapter 4.1.3. --- Detoxification and Relapse --- p.118
Chapter 4.2. --- Cold-Pressor Test (CPT) --- p.121
Chapter 4.3. --- Personality Traits --- p.123
Chapter 4.4. --- Salivary Cortisol --- p.125
Chapter 4.5. --- "Association of Gene Polymorphisms, Personality Traits and Cold-Pressor Test" --- p.127
Chapter 4.5.1. --- MORA118G Polymorphism --- p.127
Chapter 4.5.2. --- DOR T921C Polymorphism --- p.129
Chapter 4.5.3. --- COMT Val108/158Met --- p.130
Chapter 4.5.4. --- Prodynorphin (ProDYN) 68bp-VNTR --- p.133
Chapter 4.5.5. --- DRD2 A Polymorphism --- p.134
Chapter 4.5.6. --- DRD4 -521C/T Polymorphism --- p.138
Chapter 4.5.7. --- 5HTlB G861C Polymorphism --- p.141
Chapter 4.5.8. --- Personality Traits --- p.142
Chapter 4.6. --- Limitations --- p.144
Chapter 4.7. --- Potential Clinical Application --- p.145
Chapter 4.8. --- Conclusion --- p.146
APPENDIXES --- p.148
APPENDIX 1 Addiction Severity Index (ASI) with Additional Questions for Heroin Users
APPENDIX 2 Detoxification and Relapse History Questionnaire
APPENDIX 3A Questionnaire for Control Subjects (Chinese version)
APPENDIX 3B Questionnaire for Control Subjects (English version)
APPENDIX 4A NEO PI-R (Chinese version)
APPENDIX 4B NEO PI-R (English version)
APPENDIX 5A BIS/BAS (Chinese version)
APPENDIX 5B BIS/BAS (English version)
APPENDIX 6A SSS- V (Chinese version)
APPENDIX 6B SSS- V (English version)
REFERENCES --- p.178
Mills, Katherine. "Post traumatic stress disorder among people with heroin dependence". 2005. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/uploads/approved/adt-NUN20060407.101436/public/02whole.pdf.
Texto completoCheng, Yi-Ling y 鄭伊伶. "The association between personality and intimacy in heroin dependence subjects". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13203039067343648404.
Texto completo樹德科技大學
人類性學研究所
100
Aim: The study sought to understand and compare the demographic distribution, personality, parenting, and mental health of heroin abusers and poly-substance abusers who receive methadone replacement treatment, and whether this treatment impacts satisfaction from intimate relationships of the subjects. Methods: This study implemented descriptive research methods through purposive sampling and comparative cases studies. These methods included the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPO), alexithymia, Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ )and an intimate relationship satisfaction scale. The study included 74 heroin abusers and 26 poly-substance abusers, but a few participants quit during the initial month, which reduced the total number of subjects to 70. Over a period of three months, the study conducted monthly follow-ups on the subjects’ intimate relationship satisfaction and used Generalized Estimating Equation Models (GEE-I)to understand the changes at different stages during the treatment. Result: The results indicated that poly-substance abusers demonstrate poorer mental health and more extroverted and paranoia tendencies; parental care was higher for heroin abusers while parental protection was more significant for poly-substance abusers; alexithymia was more evident in heroin abusers; and heroin abusers received methadone therapy showed significantly higher intimate relationship satisfaction (p<.05). Intimate relationship satisfaction had a moderate positive correlation (p<.05)with maternal care which high maternal care led to higher intimate relationship satisfaction. GEE statistical analysis showed a positive correlation between intimate relationship satisfaction and the length of treatment and whether the subject was a poly-substance abuser (p<.05). Conclusion: We found the imtimacy improved after the methdone replacement therapy, which is different with proveious finding of other studues. For future studies, increasing the number of subjects would be beneficial to corroborate the correlation between methadone replacement therapy and intimate relationship satisfaction and also allow for a more comprehensive implementation of related sex education.
Chien, Chia-Chang y 簡佳璋. "Sexual desire of Methadone replacement therapy in heroin dependence subjects". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54097891250323396441.
Texto completo樹德科技大學
人類性學研究所
100
Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to understand whether or not methadone replacement therapy has differing effects between the demographics, personalities, and parental bonding instrument for populations of heroin users. Furthermore, we discuss the effect of methadone replacement therapy on sexual desire.Methods: In this purposive sampling study, we utilize the descriptive research method and case control study. Data was collected for Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), alexithymia, Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ), and sexual desire inventory(SDI). Result: The sample population consisted of 139 male and 27 female subjects. 65 male and 10 female subjects were then followed monthly for three months for further analysis in changes in sexual desire. This research showed statistical significance between the drop out group and the case group for educational level (p=.08), mental health status (p=.044), personality trait of neurosis (p=.05), and the role of paternal care in the parental bonding instrument (p=.017). This represents that the cases that did not accept regular methadone treatment had a lower educational level, poorer mental health status, and a higher incidence of neurotic and psychotic personality traits. The research showed a moderately direct correlation between extroverts of the EPQ scale and sexual deisre ( p<.05), and a moderately inverse correlation between paternal protection and libido ( p<.05) in cases of heroin users. Further analysis showed the frequency of sexual needs, sexual desire, level of education, and paternal care to be predicting factors for the factors of re-enrollment in the study. Moreover, upon using generalized linear regression analysis (GEE) on cases who received methadone treatment, a direct and improving correlation was found in sexual desire of cases pre and post treatment with statistical significance (p=.018). Furthermore, the results showed that sexual desire is affected by gender and level of education (p=.01), years of usage (p=.002), and frequency of drug injection (p=.001). Conclusion: Therefore, we can predict that the issue of decreased sexual deisre experienced by heroin users may be improved after methadone treatment; moreover, after carrying out clinical evaluations and primary methadone treatments, we have reached the preliminary conclusion that, in the future, efficacious treatment may be anticipated for heroin users experiencing sexual desire problems.
Tzu-YunWang y 王姿云. "The Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Gene Is Associated with Heroin Dependence". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14690664917048332832.
Texto completo國立成功大學
行為醫學研究所
100
Background: Determining the influences of genes involved in metabolizing dopamine and encoding dopamine receptors, such as the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and dopamine D2 receptor/ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (DRD2/ANKK1) genes, is critical for understanding addictive behavior. Therefore, we investigated the association between the ALDH2 and DRD2/ANKK1 Taq IA polymorphisms and heroin dependence. Methods: Heroin-dependent Han Chinese patients (250) and healthy controls (312) were recruited. ALDH2 and DRD2/ANKK1 Taq IA polymorphisms were genotyped. Results: The frequency of ALDH2*1/*2 and *2/*2 genotypes was significantly higher in heroin-dependent patients than in controls, but the frequency of DRD2 Taq IA genotypes was not significantly different. Logistic regression analysis showed no significant interaction between ALDH2 and DRD2 Taq IA genotypes in patients. Conclusions: The ALDH2 polymorphism, but not the DRD2, was associated with heroin dependence.
"Association study of receptor genes between heroin addicts and controls". 2001. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890883.
Texto completoThesis submitted in: December 2000.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-113).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Acknowledgement --- p.iv
Abstract --- p.v
List of Abbreviations --- p.ix
Chapter CHATPER ONE --- INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1.1 --- Heroin --- p.1
Chapter 1.1.1 --- Historical Background --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.2 --- Manufacturing of Heroin --- p.5
Chapter 1.1.3 --- Route of Administration and Absorption Rate --- p.6
Chapter 1.1.4 --- Metabolism of Heroin --- p.8
Chapter 1.1.5 --- Physical and Psychological Effects of Heroin --- p.9
Chapter 1.2 --- Opioid Receptors --- p.10
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Mu Opioid Receptors (MOR) --- p.11
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Kappa Opioid Receptors (KOR) --- p.14
Chapter 1.2.3 --- Delta Opioid Receptors (DOR) --- p.15
Chapter 1.3 --- Dopamine Receptors --- p.17
Chapter 1.4 --- Dopamine Transporter (DAT) --- p.19
Chapter 1.5 --- Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Receptors --- p.21
Chapter 1.6 --- Mesocorticolimbic Pathway --- p.22
Chapter 1.6.1 --- Neural Substrates of Drug Reinforcement --- p.25
Chapter 1.6.2 --- Molecular and Cellular Basis of Addiction --- p.26
Chapter 1.6.3 --- Intracellular Substrates of Relapse --- p.29
Chapter 1.7 --- Environmental Factors in Drug Addiction --- p.30
Chapter 1.8 --- Genetic Factors in Drug Addiction --- p.32
Chapter 1.9 --- Aim of Project --- p.35
Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- MATERIALS AND METHODS
Chapter 2.1 --- Recruitment of Subjects 、 --- p.39
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Heroin-dependent Subjects --- p.39
Chapter 2.1.1.1 --- Phenotype Assessment --- p.39
Chapter 2.1.1.2 --- Establishment of Socio-demographic Data --- p.40
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Control Subjects --- p.42
Chapter 2.2 --- DNA Extraction --- p.42
Chapter 2.3 --- Genotyping --- p.43
Chapter 2.3.1 --- A118G Polymorphism in Exon 1 of the Human MOR (hMOR) Gene --- p.43
Chapter 2.3.2 --- C1031G Polymorphism in Intron 2 of the hMOR Gene --- p.45
Chapter 2.3.3 --- T921C Polymorphism in Exon 3 of the Human DOR (hDOR) Gene --- p.46
Chapter 2.3.4 --- 3'VNTR Polymorphism of the DAT Gene --- p.47
Chapter 2.3.5 --- TaqI A Polymorphism of the DRD2 Gene --- p.48
Chapter 2.3.6 --- NciI Polymorphism of the GABRG2 Gene --- p.48
Chapter 2.4 --- DNA Sequencing --- p.49
Chapter 2.5 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.50
Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- RESULTS
Chapter 3.1 --- Socio-demographic Data --- p.52
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Age of the Control and Heroin-dependent Subjects --- p.52
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Education Standard of the Heroin-dependent Subjects --- p.52
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Years of Heroin Use --- p.53
Chapter 3.2 --- Addition Severity Index (ASI) --- p.53
Chapter 3.2.1 --- ASI-Medical --- p.53
Chapter 3.2.2 --- ASI-Employment --- p.54
Chapter 3.2.3 --- ASI-Drug --- p.54
Chapter 3.2.4 --- ASI-Legal --- p.54
Chapter 3.2.5 --- ASI-Family/Social Relationships --- p.55
Chapter 3.2.6 --- ASI-Psychiatry --- p.55
Chapter 3.2.7 --- Correlation Among the Factors of ASI --- p.55
Chapter 3.3 --- A118G Polymorphism in Exon 1 of the Human Mu Opioid Receptor (hMOR) Gene --- p.56
Chapter 3.4 --- C1031G Polymorphism in Intron 2 of the hMOR Gene --- p.58
Chapter 3.5 --- T921C Polymorphism in Exon 3 of the Human Delta Opioid Receptor (hDOR) Gene --- p.59
Chapter 3.6 --- Interaction Between Genotypes --- p.60
Chapter 3.6.1 --- Combined Genotypes of A118G and C1031G Polymorphisms of the hMOR Gene --- p.60
Chapter 3.6.2 --- Combined Genotypes of A118G Polymorphism of the hMOR Gene and T921C Polymorphism of the hDOR Gene --- p.61
Chapter 3.6.3 --- Combined Genotypes of C1031G Polymorphism of the hMOR Gene and T921C Polymorphism of the hDOR Gene --- p.61
Chapter 3.7 --- Correlation Between Allelic Frequencies and Factors of the ASI --- p.62
Chapter 3.8 --- 3'VNTR Polymorphism of DAT Gene --- p.62
Chapter 3.9 --- TαqI A Polymorphism of DRD2 Gene --- p.63
Chapter 3.10 --- NciI Polymorphism of GABRG2 Gene --- p.64
Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION --- p.66
REFERENCES --- p.83
APPENDIX I The Addiction Severity Index
APPENDIX II Table of Severity Ratings
APPENDIX III Allelic Frequency of A118G Polymorphism in Different Populations
APPENDIX IV Details Information About the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms In Present Study
Minhas, Meenu. "The Effect of Heroin Dependence on the Resumption of Heroin Self-administration after a Period of Abstinence and Extinction". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/7816.
Texto completoYEN y 陳嬿如. "A pilot study of drug education that dissolve drama on heroin dependence outpatients". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42ws35.
Texto completoKun-ChiaChang y 張耿嘉. "Mortality and cause of death in patients with heroin dependence receiving opioid substitution treatment (OST)". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79391112751349633828.
Texto completo國立成功大學
公共衛生研究所
101
Background: Recent years have seen increased concern being given to the life-saving effect of Opioid Substitution Treatment (OST) on heroin abusing population and OST have been implemented in Taiwan since 2006, evidence-base research is helpful for the future direction of OST strategies. Objective: To investigate the mortality among heroin users and related risk factors. The current study also aims to examine reductions in mortality related to OST. Material and Methods: A cohort of heroin users (N=1283) who had been evaluated were recruited from 2006-2008. These subjects were followed through December 31, 2011(longest following period: 71 months). We divided the cohort to receiving OST or not (OST group, N=983 and non-OST group, N=300) through the National MMT system. Record linkage performed to identify the death of these patients was managed by computerized files of Death Certification System. Crude mortality rate was calculated according to age, sex, receiving OST or not, period in-or out-of-treatment and medication type. Survival analysis was conducted to compare between heroin users receiving OST or not. The mortality risk among the heroin users after seeking OST was also examined using Cox regression model. Results: Compared with non-OST group, the characteristics OST group were: older age (37.8±7.7:36.6±11.7, p 〈0.05), lower educational level (two-thirds below junior high school), longer length of heroin use (6.9±4.3:5.7±5.2, p〈0.001), higher proportion of criminal records( illegal drugs offense:91.5%:74.1%,p〈0.001;Property offense:46.5%:26.1%, p〈0.001.), ever needle/syringe sharing (78.3%:40.8%,p〈0.001), IDUs (Injection drug users) (91.0%:84.5%,p=0.0016), HCV-seropositive (91.4%:86.4%,p=0.038) and HIV-seropositive (18.1%:6.3%,p〈0.001).The result of survival analysis showed that the all-cause mortality rate per 1000 person-year among OST group (15.5/1000 py) was lower than non-OST group (23.9/1000 py).After adjustment for significant covariates using the Cox regression model, all-cause mortality rate among OST group still had better survival outcome(Adjusted Harzard Ratio: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.28 – 0.79).However, the mortality rate directly related to suicide among OST group was significantly higher than non-OST group, (3.88/1000 py: 0.7/1000 py, p 〈 0.05). The survival analysis among OST group showed that the all-cause mortality relative risk between out-of-OST and in-OST period was 7. Conclusions: The all-cause mortality rate among OST group is significantly lower than non-OST group. Among OST group, the survival outcome among in-OST period is better than out-of-OST period. The life-saving effect of enrollment and continued participation in OST still exists under the circumstances that harm reduction strategies in Taiwan is more attractive for HIV carrier and ex-prisoner. However, mortality from suicide among OST group is higher than non-OST. In addition to increasing the availability and access of OST program, suicide prevention program should be given high priority in order to prevent mortality among this high risk population.
Chia-WeiChen y 陳家威. "Therapeutic Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Neurocognitive Function in Patients with Heroin Dependence". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/habuww.
Texto completo國立成功大學
行為醫學研究所
107
This study aims at probing the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on neurocognitive function in patients with heroin dependence. Through different stimulation sites of prefrontal cortex targeted, effects from two stimulation sites would be compared and further tested if they benefit frontal function to the same extent. This experiment is a randomized, counterbalanced, sham-controlled factorial design, which includes two prefrontal areas to be targeted, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex, as one between variable; while two experimental treatments, sham and active treatments, as one within variable. All research participants have been diagnosed as heroin dependence and shared a characteristic of heavy tobacco use to a moderate or severe extent. Results showed that no significant effects were obtained on their neurocognitive performance; moreover, no final conclusion has yet to be reached about the interaction effect of stimulation sites and experimental treatments. This study would like to suggest scaling a larger sample, treatment intensity or dosage, and/or combining neuropsychological rehabilitation to shape a more specific cognitive learning that may be facilitated by tDCS.
Huang, Wei-Lieh y 黃偉烈. "Methadone-mediated Autonomic Functioning of Male Patients with Heroin Dependence: the Influence of Borderline Personality Pattern". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00553897074512807647.
Texto completo國立陽明大學
腦科學研究所
101
Background: Among subjects with heroin dependence, ones with borderline personality trait show poor response to methadone maintenance treatment. They also reveal high sympathetic and low parasympathetic modulation when facing psychological stimuli. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the population with borderline personality shows different autonomic response to methadone compared to individuals with other personalities. Methods: Forty-four male patients with heroin dependence were recruited from a methadone maintenance treatment program. Eight personality patterns were classified according to the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) norm used in Taiwan. The borderline pattern (BP, composed of high novelty seeking, high harm avoidance and low reward dependence) and the other personality patterns (OP) were separated into two groups. We compared the heart rate variability (HRV) profiles between the BP and OP groups. Correlation and regression analysis were performed to clarify relationship between HRV differences and the borderline index (BI, a new concept defined by us, which is calculated as novelty seeking + harm avoidance – reward dependence). The HRV targets investigated included low frequency (LF) power, high frequency (HF) power, total power (TP), normalized LF (LF%), and LF/HF. Results: No baseline HRV parameters showed any inter-group difference. The BP group had a significantly lower ΔHF and a higher ΔLF/HF than the OP group. BI was negatively correlated with ΔHF and positively correlated with ΔLF/HF and ΔLF%. Conclusion: Borderline personality individuals show increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic activity compared to other personalities after taking methadone. The results support the hypothesis that there is a meaningful relationship between borderline personality and autonomic modulation.
Santos, Monika Maria Lucia Freitas dos. "Healing the dragon : heroin use disorder intervention". Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2317.
Texto completoPsychology
(D. Phil. (Psychology))
Lu, Ju-Ting y 呂如婷. "Association study of genetic polymorphisms in ABCB1, CYP2B6, CYP2D6 genes and efficacy dosage for methadone therapy in Han heroin dependence patients". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64877175118359429690.
Texto completo慈濟大學
生物化學碩士班
104
Opioids dependence is one of the most serious problems affecting social norms and public health system. Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) is now widely used to treat heroin dependence with high efficacy. Methadone is a synthetic opioid anesthetic, past studies showed that gene polymorphism and individual’s differences may affect the pharmacodynamics of Methadone, which is majorly metabolized by Cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein. Studies also showed that genetic variations of CYP450 CYP2B6, G516T and A785G enzyme are related to Methadone blood concentration, and CYP2D6*10, with high variations in Asians, plays a major role in Methadone metabolism. Besides, ABCB1 C1236T, G2677T and C3435T gene variants of P-glycoprotein are confirmed to be related to effectiveness of MMT. This study is to explore the relationship between CYP450 genetic polymorphism (ABCB1, CYP2B6, &CYP2D6*10) and effective dosage of Methadone. The study subjects were heroin dependence outpatient treated with MMT in Lotung Poh-Ai and General Keelung Hospitals in northern Taiwan. The study protocol was approval by the Ethics Committees of Cathy Hospital. From January 2015 to September 2015, a total of 100 (82 men and 18 women, the average age is 42.53±6.65 years respectively,) heroin dependence patients were enrolled. Characteristics including daily Methadone dosage, BMI index, and other clinical data were collected; gene extraction from oral mucosa and was analyzed via Real-time PCR. Our study finds that the average Methadone dosage in different sex, BMI index, ABCB1 2677GG and CYP2B6 516GG variations is statistically significant. Male(p<0.009), BMI>25(p<0.007), and CYP2B6 516GG homozygote are related to higher average Methadone dosage(p<0.02), while ABCB1 2677GG homozygote is related to lower dosage(p<0.05). Multiple linear regression is done to examine the relationship between variants above and average Methadone dosage, and it can predict more than 30% of effective Methadone dosage in our study objects. The future in-depth study to explore interactions between variants above and effective MMT dosage is warrant. This study outcome should be helpful to precisely dosing MMT for Taiwan Heroin dependence patients in the future. Key words: Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT), Genetic polymorphism , Pharmacodynamics.
Van, der Walt Hugo Denton. "Naltrexone maintenance therapy with pellet implantation as an aid for relapse prevention of heroin dependent individuals : a South African perspective". Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22064.
Texto completoPsychology
M.A. (Psychology (Research Consultation))
Opperman, Hester Catharina. "Behandelingsbehoeftes van Heroïenafhanklikes met spesiale verwysing na SANRA Kliniek, Witbank". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/721.
Texto completoSocial Work
MA(SS)(MENTAL HEALTH)
Ming-Hong y 謝明鴻. "The Predictors of Retention in Methadone Maintenance Treatment among Heroin-Dependent Individuals". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31656415679576960318.
Texto completo中山醫學大學
醫學研究所
100
The importance and contribution of both the duration of receiving methadone maintenance treatment and the retention in treatment were well established for therapeutic success and better prognosis of heroin dependence. Retention in treatment and its related factors have been the important issues of research in improving the outcome of treatment program of heroin addiction. The rates of retention in treatment in Taiwan were lower than those of Europe, USA and other countries in the world. The goals of our survey were to detect the retention in treatment and its related factors of the patients with heroin addiction after receiving methadone maintenance treatment for one year in two hospitals in middle Taiwan, and the study results could improve the treatement outcome and establish the suitable treatment programs of heroin addiction in the future. The design of our study was a prospective, non-randomized cohort study and survival analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of drop-out rate and stopping methadone maintenance therapy. Our sample composed of 995 patients with heroin dependence who received methadone maintenance therapy in the clinics of Chung Shan medical university medical center and Tsaotun psychiatric center, and they all agreed to take part in the survey. The measurement of the related risk factors in our study included the Severity of Dependence Scale, SDS (SDS-ch), World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) questionnaire, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Family APGAR score, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). The results of our survey showed that the retention in treatment was 65.7% in the third month, 61.7% in the sixth month, 58.6% in the twelfth month, and the drop-out rate was highest during the first 3 months of the treatment. The results of our study also demonstrated that those patients living with the sexual partner or their friends, being female, having no deferred prosecution, using lower dosage of methadone(lower than 60 mg), poorer family support, higher psychological satisfaction of quality of life may increase the risk of stopping methadone maintenance treatment during the period of one-year treatment. It is important for the therapists to closely monitor those patients who have the above risk factors and it may decrease the drop-out rate. Besides, longer period of cohort study is warranted to study all risk factors, which may have impact on the retention in treatment of methadone maintenance therapy, then it may increase the retention in treatment and improve the treatment outcome. Therefore the treatment goal of decreasing the use of heroin may be achieved.
Lai, Jen-Chieh y 賴仁傑. "Error-Related Negativity and Error Positivity of Heroin-Dependent Patients with Different Learning Type". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jdc88n.
Texto completo國立東華大學
諮商與臨床心理學系
105
Recent studies suggest that addiction is related to learning and neurobiological impairment of error processing. The purpose of current study is to investigate the heroin-dependent patients’ neurobiological impairment of error processing and to find out the difference in error- related brain activity of heroin-dependent patients with different learning types. In the current study, Eriksen flanker task is used to measure both of the error- related brain activities, i.e. error- related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe), of the heroin-dependent patients and the control group, and Probabilistic Selection Task (PST) is used to differentiate all subjects’ learning types. According to the investigation, the heroin-dependent patients showed reduced ERN amplitude as compared to the control group and the negative learners showed reduced ERN amplitude as compared to the positive learners; however, the same results were not found in Pe amplitude, and the interactions between heroin dependence and learning type failed to reach significance level in both ERN and Pe amplitudes. Interestingly, while the difference in wellbeing index between the heroin-dependent patients and the control group, and between the positive learners and the negative learners, is not significant, current study finds a significant interaction between heroin dependence and learning type in wellbeing index. Based on the aforesaid findings, two main conclusions can be derived from this study. First, these results highlight the possibility that heroin-dependent patients show neurobiological impairment in error processing. Second, heroin-dependency may have effect on the relationship between reward learning and mood. Further researches are needed to clarify the effect of learning type on the relationship between heroin-dependency and error processing.
Chen, Kuei-Ying y 陳葵螢. "The Predictors for Duration of Retention in Methadone Maintenance Treatment among Heroin-Dependent Individuals". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99912388422511489526.
Texto completo高雄醫學大學
醫學系神經學科碩士班
100
Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is an effective harm reduction treatment method for heroin-dependent individuals. Duration of retention in MMT is a predictor of treatment outcomes. The aims of this study were to examine the duration of retention in MMT and to identify the predictors for duration of retention in MMT among heroin-dependent individuals in southern Taiwan. The current study used the secondary data for analysis. Primary data was gathered from three MMT units in southern Taiwan. The sample consisted of 368 heroin-dependent individuals who were investigated at baseline and followed during the treatment period. The duration of retention in MMT (in days) was the main outcome of the study. The predictor variables were categorized into client characteristics, family support and methadone dose after 3 months of admission. The study used Kaplan-Meier product-limit method to analyze retention rate in the MMT program, and used Cox proportional hazard regression and logistic regression to examine the predictors for drop-out from the MMT program. The results found that cumulative probability of retention at 360-days and 540-days were 41.6% and 31.3%, respectively. However, if the involuntary dropouts were excluded, cumulative probability of retention at 360-days and 540-days were 47.1% and 39.5%, respectively. Among pre-treatment variables, the predictors for drop-out from MMT program included: higher heroin cost, higher severity of harm caused by heroin use, and poorer family support. If the methadone dose was included in the regression model, methadone dose <50mg and higher severity of harm caused by heroin use were the significant predictor variables for drop-out. Implications for treatment were discussed.
Wei, Hae-Lanq y 韋海浪. "Short Term Effects of Abstinence After Using Methadone Maintenance Treatment in Heroin-Dependent Volunteers". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39140454316440229811.
Texto completo國立陽明大學
醫務管理研究所
94
Abstract Since 2004, intravenous drug users (IDUs) have become the major cause for the AIDS epidemic in Taiwan. Subsequently, the Taiwan government started a harm reduction program in 2006, which included the methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). In this study, a survey was conducted on voluntary IDUs who participated in the MTT in Taoyuan. The purpose of the survey was to collect information in regards to the voluntary IDU’s opinion on the harm reduction and their beliefs towards drug abstinence between those who took methadone 3-6 months (treated group) and those who did not take methadone (untreated group). Results: from June to August, 2006, 105 subjects (39 in the treated group and 66 in the untreated group) were recruited. We found that: 1. Attitude of harm reduction: There was no significant difference in the attitude of harm reduction between the two study groups, in which the treated group had a mean of 3.23 (SD=0.40) and the untreated group had a mean of 3.12 (SD=.41). However, the mean score of “can work normally after participating MMT (one question in the attitude of harm reduction)” was significantly higher in the treated group (3.31) than that in the untreated group (3.05) (p=.0201). 2. Short term effect on drug abstinence: The mean score for the treated group (3.13 with SD=0.50) did not have a significant difference from that of the untreated group (3.09 with SD=0.48). 3. Payment for methadone at their own expense: At the present time, the government provides MMT to the voluntary IDUs free of charge. When asking two study groups whether they are willing to pay for methadone at their own expense in the future, the treated group (48.7%) turned out to be less likely to pay for methadone at their own expense as opposed to the untreated group (92.4%). 4. Other demands: Drug consultation (42.9%) was the highest in demand, followed by psychological help (41.9%), AIDS test (32.4%), seeking jobs (21.9%), and AIDS consultation (15.2%). The demand for AIDS consultation was significantly higher in the treated group (25.6%) than that in the untreated group (9.1%) (p=.0226). 5. Influence by friends: The reason for the first time use of drug was due to friends’ seducement (30.5%), while the reason for abstinent failure was also due to friends’ seducement (21.9%). The participation in the MMT was caused by friends’ recommendation (53.3%), and “friends can refrain from drugs, I can do so” ranked number two in the belief of drug abstinence. All findings suggested that friends can affect the IDUs’ behavior of drug use and abstinence of drug. Suggestions: 1. Continue to provide MMT to voluntary IDUs: Although there was no significant difference in the belief of substance abstinence and attitude of harm reduction and consistency with the findings in overseas studies, the mean score of "can work normally after participating in the MMT" in the treated group was significantly higher than that in the untreated group. It is evident that MMT is cost benefit because of the reduction of crime problems, reduced medical expenses on psychological or mental problem in IDUs, as well as the IDUs’ ability to work normally. We suggest that the government should continue to provide MMT to voluntary IDUs. 2. Provide MMT free of charge: Since the treated group was able to take methadone free of charge, it was less likely for the treated group to accept the idea of paying methadone at their own expense in comparison to the untreated group. We suggest that when a policy is first implemented, the policy makers should be cautious and avoid a change of the policy in a short period of time. 3. Provide psychological consultation: As many subjects were interested in having a drug consultation and psychological help, psychological consultation should be offered. Hopefully, the effect of drug abstinence can be promoted. 4. Establish a mutual help group: As friends are very influential towards the behavior of IDUs’ first use of the substance and the conquering of abstention addiction, we suggest that these voluntary IDUs can get together and form a group. This group can assist each other in continuous participation in MMT, or refrain from substance abuse.
Ting, Shuo-Yen y 丁碩彥. "Factors associated with retention in treatment and change of daily amount of heroin abused in heroin-dependent patients receiving Methadone Maintenance Treatment for three months". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20302483080768579443.
Texto completo臺灣大學
醫療機構管理研究所
98
OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with retention in treatment and change of daily amount of heroin abused in heroin-dependent patients receiving Methadone Maintenance Treatment for three months. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study. Participants were from 5 hospitals with larger case numbers of Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) in Taiwan. Participants were patients never received MMT before or had already dropped out from previous treatments for at least 6 months. Questionnaire including demographic data and Opiate Treatment Index (OTI) were distributed to 333 patients at the beginning of the treatment course from June to September 2009. Three months later, the OTI were re-interviewed for127 patients remained in the MMT for 3 months from September to December 2009. RESULTS: After 3 months, heroin use with smoking was associated with higher rates of discontinuing treatment compared with heroin use with injection. Dropout rates among hospitals were significantly different. More reduction in heroin use after 3-month treatment was associated with higher amount of heroin use when entering the treatment. Better self-perception of physical wellbeing at the beginning was associated with less reduction in heroin use 3 months later. CONCLUSION: Methadone has greater effect on reducing heroin use in patients abusing more amounts of heroin. The policy makers might encourage heroin-dependent patients to continue treatment and it will benefit those patients, their families and even the whole society. Since patients abusing heroin with different routes have significant difference in dropout rates, the diversity of patient composition among different hospitals should be considered in evaluating their performance with indicator of retention rates. There are differences of some effectiveness indicators among those hospitals participating in the study. Reviewing current service procedures and improving accessibility for those patients might help reducing dropout rates and finally the amounts of heroin use.
SHIAO, FEN-YU y 蕭芬郁. "Exploring the Experience of Heroin-Dependent Individuals With High Retention Rates While Receiving Methadone Maintenance Treatment". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7c6qgd.
Texto completo國立臺南大學
諮商與輔導學系碩士在職專班
107
The purpose of this study is to understand the personal feelings, life and experience of heroin-dependent individuals in the replacement of maintenance therapy in the treatment of heroin-dependent individuals, as a future improvement of heroin addicts in Methadone alternative maintenance therapy. In this study, 4 patients who had taken Methadone for one year in the replacement therapy of Methadone, and the attendance rate reached 70% were recruited. In addition, the semi-structured in-depth interviews for the qualitative study were used and the data was analyzed by the content analysis. The research results are as follows: First, the experience of heroin addicts in the high retention rate of Methadonereplacement treatment, including: (1) Physiological dependence of high retention rate (2) Psychological dependence of high retention rate (3) Family support experience with high retention rate Second, the psychological course of the experience of the high retention rate in the treatment of Methadone, including: (1) The self of Methadone,containst:「The role of the」、「Methadone and the lack of dependency」、「I don't know how long it will be in the life of Methadone」. (2)Seeing different self in alternative therapy,containst: 「Different mother roles due to participation in Methadone Therapy」、「economic independence」、 「the future that I dare not think about」 (3) Find yourself,containst:「Discovering a different life」、 「Expecting your own self-defeatin」、「 Self under the Lotte Mask」 Finally, based on the findings and conclusions of the research, the researcher made recommendations for future research and related professionals. Keywords: heroin-dependent individuals, high retention rate, Methadone
Silvestre, Ana Rodrigues Oliveira. "Fármacos usados no tratamento da dependência de opioides". Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/9316.
Texto completoOpioid addiction is considered a medical condition with very complex sociological and individual determinants. The development of effective treatments for this addiction is extremely important due to the devastating consequences of the disease. Pharmacotherapy should be comprehensive and may include opioid agonists, partial agonists or antagonists, as well as alpha-2-adrenergic agonists and is aimed at detoxifying the patient and replacing it with long-term therapy. Current guidelines emphasize the need for an integrated approach to treatment. Substitution treatment is currently the most common form of specialized treatment for opioid addiction in the European Union. Methadone remains the most prescribed drug, however buprenorphine shows promising results. The cycle of opioid dependence is quite complex and the available pharmacotherapy has some gaps. For these reasons, new drugs and new strategies are being developed to prevent and treat this disorder at all stages of the process. Ibudilast and the anti-heroin vaccine are the drugs under study. Inconclusion, several effective pharmacotherapeutic options are available in the treatment of opioid dependence, but still, due to its chronic and recurrent nature, many individuals will abandon treatment and return to a dependent lifestyle and remain at risk of overdose and decreased quality of life. For this reason, there is a need to emphasize the study of this pathology globally, reinforcing the inclusion of psychosocial approaches in treatment regimes.