Tesis sobre el tema "Herbs"
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Slade, A. J. "The population biology and foraging behaviour of the clonal perennial herb Glechoma hederacea". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377070.
Texto completoMcGinley, Susan. "Chemical Defenses in Herbs and Spices". College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622134.
Texto completoTam, Chun Fung. "Microscopic identification of western medicinal herbs". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/917.
Texto completoWyatt, Julie L. "Recovery and resilience of Appalachian herbs". Winston-Salem, NC : Wake Forest University, 2009. http://dspace.zsr.wfu.edu/jspui/handle/10339/42605.
Texto completoShi, Yan. "A comparative study on the treatment of exercise induced fatigue between qi-supplementing herbs and qi-rectifying herbs". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2002. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/429.
Texto completoAl-Kateb, Huda M. "Aroma characteristics of some lemon-flavoured herbs". Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421604.
Texto completoNduka, Jane. "New anticancer agents from Chinese medicinal herbs". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.680639.
Texto completoBufford, Earnestine. "Fibromyalgia: an exploration of herbs for treatment". [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2008. http://165.236.235.140/lib/EBufford2008.pdf.
Texto completoPriebe, Jennifer R. "Descriptive study on the usage of herbals by infants and children of families participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) in Wisconsin". Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002priebej.pdf.
Texto completoJanani, Tahereh. "Herbs as antioxidants in oxidation of marine lipids". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23597.
Texto completoQiao, Boling. "Lead compounds for prion therapeutics from Chinese herbs". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445123.
Texto completoVashchenko, N. "Medical herbs and the threat of their destruction". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8559.
Texto completoBLANDINO, CRISTINA. "Comparative seed biology of European temperate forest herbs". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1215986.
Texto completoHerbaceous species of European ancient woodland understories are affected by land use and climate change. Their distribution can be at risk because of their poor capacity to colonize isolated forest patches. The objective of this thesis was to compare the regeneration strategies of those species, with a focus on their germination traits. A database of ancient woodland seed traits was created by reviewing published information for 208 indicator species. The database included seed germination traits, embryo:endosperm ratio and other traits related to the plant regeneration strategy. Field surveys were conducted to compare the understories of old and recent woodlands in Spain and England. Community-weighted means of several seed traits were calculated to assess the functional regeneration ecology of the species that naturally colonize mature and recent forest patches. Two groups of understory species were described according to their regeneration traits. The first group included late flowering species possessing seeds with physiological dormancy that germinated in spring and had a requirement for light, cold stratification and high germination temperatures. Those species produced many small seeds and were taller, suggesting a good colonizing capacity. Species of the second group had seeds with morphophysiological dormancy, and were able to germinate in absence of light following a warm stratification. They produced few big seeds on short stems, suggesting a poor colonizing capacity. Species of the first group were abundant in the recent plantation sites while species of the second one characterized the plots on mature forests. Forest specialists can be differentiated from other forest species on the basis of their germination traits. The identification of regeneration strategies characteristic of poor colonizing understory species provided the basis for planning restoration interventions for European temperate forest understories according to species germination strategies.
Chaudhuri, Sandip Dev. "Medicinal properties of some dietary herbs and spices". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/hdl.handle.net/123456789/2664.
Texto completoHuang, Jianjun. "Ecological responses of two forest understory herbs to changes in resources caused by prescribed fire alone on in combination with restoration thinning". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1195062013.
Texto completoMfenyana, Ciko. "Selective extraction of Cyclopia for enhanced in vitro phytoestrogenicity /". Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/783.
Texto completoBae, Stacy S. "A HPLC/ESI-MS method developed and validated to evaluate the quantity, identity, and stability of the alkylamides in ethanolic extracts of Spilanthes acmella". Greensboro, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. http://libres.uncg.edu/edocs/etd/1411/umi-uncg-1411.pdf.
Texto completoTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 18, 2007). Directed by Nadja B. Cech; submitted to the Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-71).
Brncic, Terry. "Ecology and patch dynamics of Megaphrynium macrostachyum (Benth.) Milne-Redh. (Marantaceae) in the south-west Central African Republic". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270242.
Texto completoSalan, Umit. "Feverfew chemistry". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336046.
Texto completoPelling, Vincent J. "Factors influencing the vegetative growth of clonal perennial species in the family Lamiaceae". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239021.
Texto completoPang, Kwan-wah. "Studies toward stereoselective total synthesis of triptolide /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18597956.
Texto completoLiu, Bichong. "The basis of analgesic activity of four Chinese herbs". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1999. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5034/.
Texto completoHu, Yani. "Pharmacognostical studies on Zicao and related herbs of boraginaceae". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2007. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/837.
Texto completoSidhu, Amendeep. "The nature of herbal tinctures". Thesis, University of Westminster, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323000.
Texto completoMak, Chiu-sheung Simon. "Efficacy of herbal medicine on neurodegenerative diseases a systematic review /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40738905.
Texto completoWaites, Anna R. "Plant-animal interactions and seed output of two insectpollinated herbs". Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Ecology and Environmental Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-576.
Texto completoI combined comparative and experimental studies in the field and in the greenhouse to examine factors influencing reproductive success in two insect-pollinated herbs, the tristylous, selfincompatible perennial Lythrum salicaria and the self-compatible, biennial Pedicularis palustris. More specifically, I explored (i) the effects of plant population characteristics on the intensity and outcome of interactions with pollinators and seed predators, (ii) whether flower morphology affects duration of stigma receptivity, and (iii) whether damage-induced reduction in floral display reduces pollinator visitation and increases pollen limitation.
As predicted, the rate of pollinator visitation tended to increase and the number of flowers probed per plant tended to decrease with increasing population size in L. salicaria, but these relationships only approached statistical significance. By taking advantage of the pollen size polymorphism that is typical of many heterostylous plants, I could show that the number of compatible pollen grains received increased with population size, and that this was associated with a reduction in pollen limitation and increased seed output per flower. The deposition of high numbers of incompatible conspecific and heterospecific pollen grains did not appear to reduce seed set.
In P. palustris, fruit set and seed predation varied markedly among populations and years, but this variation could only partly be explained by variation in population size. Fruit set was positively related to population size, and seed predation was negatively related to population size, in one of three years. Similarly, the level of pollen limitation, which was quantified in two years, varied among populations, but was not related to population size, density or isolation.
In L. salicaria, both the duration of stigma receptivity and the effect of prior self-pollination on seed output varied among style morphs. These differences may contribute to morph-specific differences in pollen limitation and seed production documented in the field.
The results of a field experiment demonstrated that damage to the shoot apex may markedly reduce fruit production in L. salicaria, and suggested that this is mainly because damage reduces flower number. I found no evidence that a reduced floral display increased the severity of pollen limitation.
Taken together, the results show that interactions with both pollinators and herbivores may markedly affect reproductive output in the two plant species, and that the intensity of both mutualistic and antagonistic interactions vary considerably in space and time. Moreover, they are consistent with the hypothesis that pollination success should depend less on population size in selfcompatible than in self-incompatible plants.
Gustafsson, Christel. "Plant Population Dynamics and Biotic Interactions in two Forest Herbs". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Evolutionary Biology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3285.
Texto completoIn Sweden today, deciduous woodlands are often restricted to small isolated remnants of what it once was. Managing practices have changed concerning both cattle grazing and logging. Thus, dispersal, habitat requirements and their importance for forest species distributions become a relevant issue. Most of the species found in the deciduous flora are perennial herbs. I have examined population dynamics in the forest perennial Sanicula europaea, and its relation to environmental factors such as grazing, competition and spatial and temporal variation in such factors. Moreover I examined species distributions in relation to dispersal and habitat suitability in S. europaea and Dentaria bulbifera. To understand mechanisms behind the observed patterns I performed a number of experiments.
The results clearly demonstrated that the distribution and abundance of S. europaea was not dispersal limited, whereas the opposite held true for D. bulbifera. Moreover, mollusc exclusion increased recruitment thus influencing population dynamics in D. bulbifera. Leaf losses had negative effects on S. europaea individuals. These negative effects depended both on the extent, frequency and timing of the leaf losses and early losses were more severe than late. Population level effects of grazing were not negative as negative direct effects were counterblanced by positive indirect effects. The positive effects of grazing were mainly in terms of an increased recruitment.
In S. europaea, high variation in a life cycle transition was always coupled to low elasticity, and traits that varied much due to the examined environmental factors had little importance to population growth rate. A population level perspective is required to assess total effects of environmental factors. In perennial organisms such evaluations need to calculate integrated measures of the effects over the entire life cycle. Field studies spanning several years and demographic models are important to achieve these objectives.
Albrecht, Matthew A. "Reproductive Biology of Medicinal Woodland Herbs Indigenous to the Appalachians". Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1163427974.
Texto completoAgha, Samiullah K. "Studies on the integration of growth in stoloniferous clonal herbs". Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267325.
Texto completoIbrahim, Faozia. "Interaction of bacteria with growing salad vegetables and leafy herbs". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416288.
Texto completoMcGinley, Susan. "Aeroponic Herbs: A Cultivation System For Clean, Consistent Root Crops". College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622256.
Texto completoSaleh, Ali. "Anti-hyperlipidemic activities of Ilex latifolia and other selected herbs". Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2016. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/1131/.
Texto completoXu, Jun. "Improved approaches and strategies for analyzing decoctions of medicinal herbs". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/216.
Texto completoWaites, Anna R. "Plant-animal interactions and seed output in two insect-pollinated herbs /". Umeå : Univ, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-576.
Texto completoWake, George. "Cholinergic phytochemicals from medicinal herbs : potential sources of novel dementia treatments". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366551.
Texto completoJenkins, Emily Victoria. "Colonisation by phytophagous insects of herbs introduced into young farm woodlands". Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415956.
Texto completoEvans, Ian Michael. "Leguminous herbs and their insect herbivores : interaction during early secondary succession". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47427.
Texto completoPing, Chao Liang y 趙良屏. "Investigation of Organophosphorus Pesticides Residue from Commercial Chinese Herbs Cuising and Herbs Cuising and Herbal Tea". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06162540388564240243.
Texto completo國立屏東科技大學
食品科學系
91
The objective of this study is to investigate the organophosphous pesticide residual in Chinese herbal medicine and in herbal tea and the degradation during storage. In addition, Solanum nigrum L. was used for organophosphous pesticide residual model study. Some Chinese herbal medicines used in “medical recipe for health” are yam (Dioscorea spp.), ligusticum (Angelica sinensis), medlar (Lycium chinense), Huang Gi (Astragalus membranaceus), Yi Ren (Coix lacryma-jobi), lotus seed (Nelumbo nucifera), red dates, Tremella fuciformis, ginseng, and He Shou Wu (Polygonum multiflorum). Five popular herbal teas are Rosa rugosa, Lavandula officinalis, Matricaria chamomilla, Verbana officinalis and Tilia europaea. Organophosphous pesticide residues were found in angelica and medlar. A 44% angelia found monocrotophos in samples collected in Taiwan. One third of medlar had isoxathion was observed. The monocrotophos residue in ligusticum or medlar decreased along with extended storage time, and degraded easier at 25℃ than at 4℃. Monocrotophos degraded 44% to 64% after 10 days of storage at 4℃, while no monocrotophos could be detected 20 days of storage at 25℃. The trend of degradation for isoxathion is similar as for monocrotophos. Fethion, fenitrothion, isoxathion and ethion were found in fresh coix lachrima, Chinese yam, burdock (arctium lappa L.) and orange peel produced in Taiwan, respectively. No ethion was detected in dried orange peel sample. No organophosphous pesticide was observed in either in fresh or dried lotus seed, red dates, and Solanum nigrum L. Except Tilia europaea, residual malathion, malathion, mevinphos, and isoxathion was detected in commercial Rosa rugosa, Lavandula officinalis, Matricaria chamomilla, Verbana officinalis, respectively. As in Chinese herbal medicine, the organophosphous pesticide decreased rapidly after storages, a minor residue could still be detected after one month at 4℃. Methamidophos treated Solanum nigrum L., a soaking model experiment, showed a 50% degradation rate at 4℃ after 5 days and 4% residue after 15 days. The decreased rate of methamidophos at 25℃ after 6 days was similar as 4℃ for 15 days. Similar results were found in dimethoate. However, a faster degradation rate was observed in dehydrated samples as compared with the fresh one. In field spray test resulted in less organophosphous pesticide in both 4℃ or 25℃ storage.
"Anticancer Activity of Traditional Chinese Herbs". 2016. http://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/item/cuhk-1292674.
Texto completo"Molecular authentication of Chinese medicinal herbs". 1997. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5895742.
Texto completoThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-134).
Acknowledgements --- p.i
Abstract --- p.ii
Table of Contents --- p.iii
Abbreviations --- p.viii
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Authentication of Chinese Medicinal Herbs
Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Traditional Identification of Chinese Herbs
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Morphology --- p.3
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Histology --- p.4
Chapter 1.2.3 --- Chemical Analysis --- p.4
Chapter 1.2.4 --- Proteins and Isozymes --- p.6
Chapter 1.3 --- Molecular Technology in Authentication
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) --- p.6
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCRs)
Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- Random-Primed PCRs --- p.8
Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Simple Sequence Repeats --- p.10
Chapter 1.3.2.3 --- Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) --- p.11
Chapter 1.4 --- Objectives and Strategies of the Study --- p.13
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods
Chapter 2.1 --- Reagents and Buffers
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Buffers for Total DNA Extraction --- p.15
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Reagents for Agarose Gel Electrophoresis --- p.16
Chapter 2.1.3 --- Reagents for Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.17
Chapter 2.1.4 --- Reagents for Plasmid and Single-Stranded DNA Preparation --- p.17
Chapter 2.1.5 --- Media for Bacterial Culture --- p.19
Chapter 2.1.6 --- Reagents for Preparation of Competent Cells --- p.20
Chapter 2.2 --- DNA Isolation
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Sample Preparation --- p.21
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Cetyl triethylammonium bromide (CTAB) Extraction --- p.21
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Cesium Chloride Gradient Ultracentrifugation --- p.21
Chapter 2.3 --- Phenol/Chloroform Extraction --- p.22
Chapter 2.4 --- Ethanol Precipitation --- p.23
Chapter 2.5 --- DNA Concentration/Purity Estimation --- p.23
Chapter 2.6 --- Random-Primed Polymerase Chain Reactions
Chapter 2.6.1 --- Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) --- p.24
Chapter 2.6.2 --- Arbitarily-Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR) --- p.24
Chapter 2.7 --- rDNA Amplification --- p.24
Chapter 2.8 --- Agarose Gel Electrophoresis of DNA --- p.25
Chapter 2.9 --- Purification of rDNA
Chapter 2.9.1 --- from Agarose Gel using Geneclean II Kit (Bio 101 Inc.) --- p.25
Chapter 2.9.2 --- using Microspin´ёØ Columns --- p.26
Chapter 2.10 --- Preparation of Escherichia coli Competent Cells --- p.26
Chapter 2.11 --- Ligation and Transformation of Escherichia coli --- p.27
Chapter 2.12 --- Isolation of Plasmid DNA --- p.27
Chapter 2.13 --- Screening of Plasmid DNA by Restriction Digestion --- p.28
Chapter 2.14 --- Isolation of Plasmid DNA
Chapter 2.14.1 --- Minipreparation of Plasmid using Magic´ёØ Miniprep DNA Purification Kit from Promega --- p.28
Chapter 2.14.2 --- Megapreparation of Plasmid using Qiagen-tip100 --- p.28
Chapter 2.15 --- Single-Stranded DNA Preparation
Chapter 2.15.1 --- Transfection --- p.29
Chapter 2.15.2 --- Single-Stranded DNA Isolation --- p.29
Chapter 2.16 --- DNA Sequencing
Chapter 2.16.1 --- Plasmid Sequencing using T7 Sequencing Kit --- p.30
Chapter 2.16.2 --- Cycle Sequencing from PCR Products --- p.30
Chapter 2.16.3 --- Cycle Sequencing from PCR Products or Plasmid --- p.31
Chapter 2.16.4 --- DNA Sequencing Electrophoresis --- p.31
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Studies of Panax Species by Random-Primed PCRs
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.34
Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Plant Materials --- p.39
Chapter 3.2.2 --- DNA Extraction and Random-Primed PCRs --- p.39
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Data Analysis --- p.39
Chapter 3.3 --- Results and Discussion
Chapter 3.3.1 --- DNA Isolation --- p.40
Chapter 3.3.2 --- DNA Fingerprinting --- p.41
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Relationship between the Six Panax Species --- p.45
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Studies of Acorus by Random-Primed PCRs
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.48
Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Plant Materials --- p.49
Chapter 4.2.2 --- DNA Extraction and Random-Primed PCRs --- p.50
Chapter 4.3 --- Results and Discussion
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Acorus DNA --- p.50
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Reproducibility of Random-Primed PCRs --- p.51
Chapter 4.3.3 --- DNA Fingerprinting --- p.53
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Studies of Epimedium by Random-Primed PCRs
Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.70
Chapter 5.2 --- Materials and Methods
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Plant Materials --- p.71
Chapter 5.2.2 --- DNA Extraction and Random-Primed PCRs --- p.71
Chapter 5.3 --- Results and Discussion
Chapter 5.3.1 --- DNA Extraction --- p.71
Chapter 5.3.2 --- DNA Fingerprinting --- p.72
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Application of AP-PCR in Commercial Ginseng Products
Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.90
Chapter 6.2 --- Materials and Methods
Chapter 6.2.1 --- Materials --- p.91
Chapter 6.2.2 --- DNA Extraction and Random-Primed PCRs --- p.91
Chapter 6.2.3. --- Data Analysis --- p.91
Chapter 6.3 --- Results and Discussion
Chapter 6.3.1 --- DNA Isolation --- p.92
Chapter 6.3.2 --- AP-PCR Analysis --- p.93
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Ribosomal DNA as a Marker in Authentication of Panax Species
Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.99
Chapter 7.2 --- Materials and Methods
Chapter 7.2.1 --- Plant Materials --- p.100
Chapter 7.2.2 --- DNA Extraction and rDNA Amplification --- p.101
Chapter 7.2.3 --- rDNA Sequencing --- p.101
Chapter 7.2.4 --- Generation of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
Chapter 7.2.4.1 --- Restriction Digestion of rDNA Fragment --- p.102
Chapter 7.2.4.2 --- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) --- p.103
Chapter 7.2.4.3 --- Silver Staining for Nucleic Acids --- p.103
Chapter 7.2.5 --- Data Analysis --- p.104
Chapter 7.3 --- Results and Discussion
Chapter 7.3.1 --- rDNA Amplification and Plasmid Isolation --- p.104
Chapter 7.3.2 --- rDNA Sequencing
Chapter 7.3.2.1 --- Sequence Comparison between the Six Panax species and the Two Adulterants --- p.107
Chapter 7.3.3 --- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
Chapter 7.3.3.1 --- Restriction Profiles between Ginsengs and their Adulterants --- p.113
Chapter 7.3.3.2 --- Restrciton Profiles of Ginsengs from Different Sources --- p.118
Chapter 7.3.4 --- Panax Phylogeny --- p.121
Chapter Chapter 8 --- General Discussion
Chapter 8.1 --- Advantages of Random-Primed PCRs --- p.124
Chapter 8.2 --- Weaknesses of the Random-Primed PCRs --- p.125
Chapter 8.3 --- Molecular Markers for Phylogenetic Studies --- p.126
Chapter 8.4 --- Specific PCR-RFLP Patterns in Authentication --- p.126
Chapter 8.5 --- Conclusions --- p.127
References --- p.128
Appendix --- p.135
CHEN, ZHAO-YIN y 陳昭吟. "Antimutagenic activities of chinese medicinal herbs". Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87304952050552629122.
Texto completoLin, Ya-Tze y 林雅姿. "Presystemic Metabolism of Glycosides in Herbs". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41022450339148784865.
Texto completo中國醫藥學院
藥物化學研究所
91
Glycoside is an important class of constituents in decoctions of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). This study investigated the presystemic metabolism of the glycosides of flavones, anthraquinones, monoterpenes and triterpene in various animal feces. Flavonoids are primarily present as glycosides in fruits, vegetables, beverages and Chinese herbs. It has been generally accepted that flavonoid glycosides reach the large intestine, where they are hydrolyzed to absorbable aglycones and further degraded by the intestinal microflora. The hydrolysis and degradation of hesperidin, naringin, rutin and phellamurin showed similar pattern when they were incubated with rabbit, rat and human feces. The isoflavonoid glycosides, genistin and daidzin, can be transformed into aglycone with rat and rabbit feces, however, puerarin cannot be hydrolyzed to daidzein with various feces. The result indicated that the C-glycoside cannot be hydrolyzed by intestinal bacteria. Among thirteen flavonoid aglycones, wogonin and diosmetin were among the less degraded ones for all three feces tested, indicating that the presence of a methoxy group on the A or B ring of the flavonoid seemed to protect the structure from bacterial degradation. Catalpol is a monoterpene glucoside in Rehmanniae Radix. Catalpol is very unstable in artificial gastric juice. When catalpol were orally given to rats and mice, no parent form or metabolites can be detected in the serum. Paeoniflorin is a monoterpene glucoside in Paeoniae Radix. The metabolism of paeoniflorin by various feces indicated that paeoniflorin was hydrolyzed to paeoniflorgenin (PG) by rabbit, rat, pig and human feces. When rats were orally administered with Paeoniae Radix decoction, paeoniflorin was not present in serum and PG was found as a major metabolite. Noncompartment model was used for the calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters of paeoniflorgenin. The Cmax, tmax, t1/2, and AUC0-t of PG were 8.0 μg/ml, 10 min, 126 min and 487.0 μg • min/ml, respectively. Quercetin glucosides and rutin are bioactive glycosides present in onion and Huaimi, respectively. The sugar moieties of glycosides are different in two sources. The total quercetin contents were assayed by HPLC method after acid hydrolysis. Rat and human feces were used to investigate the difference between the microfloral metabolism of onion and Huaimi containing equal molar quercetin glycosides. The results indicated those in onion were much easier to be hydrolyzed to quercetin than Huaimi by both feces. To investigate the presence of sulfatase in different species of animals, quercetin sulfates was incubated at 37℃ with artificial intestinal juice, b-glucuronidase, rat and human feces, respectively. We found that quercetin was significantly generated after incubation with rat and human feces. Therefore, sulfatase is present in rat and human gastrointestinal tract. Aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and their glycosides are bioactive anthraquinone constituents of Rheum palmatum. The metabolism of rubarb decoction was investigated in rat feces suspension using HPLC. The result showed that the four anthraquinones constituents were profoundly increased during incubation, indicating that anthraquinone glycosides existed predominantly in rubarb. Baicalin, baicalein, wogonin glycoside and wogonin are bioactive flavone constituents of Scutellaria baicalensis. The metabolism of Scutellariae Radix was investigated in rat feces suspension using HPLC. The hydrolysis and degradation of flavones in decoction of Scutellariae Radix (S), Scutellariae Radix fried with wine (SFW) and honey-treated Scutellariae Radix (HTS) showed similar pattern when they were incubated with rat feces. Pure glycyrrhizin was hydrolyzed to glycyrrhetic acid in a greater extent than glycyrrhizin in licorice decoction by rat, pig and human feces, whereas rabbit feces oxidized glycyrrhetic acid to 3-dehydroglycyrrhetic acid and resulted in less glycyrrhetic acid. This could explain the fact that oral dosing of pure glycyrrhizin resulted in much lower glycyrrhetic acid serum levels than that of licorice decoction in rabbits. The results indicated that rat and pig are proper animal models for the studies of the metabolism of pure glycyrrhizin and licorice decoction, whereas rabbit model is good for licorice decoction but not for pure glycyrrhizin. In conclusion, it can be therefore presumed that glycosides are hydrolyzed to absorbable aglycones after oral dosing Chinese medicine decoctions. The lipophilic aglycones can be absorbable by enterocyte, whereas those of poor lipophilicity may be degraded by enteral microflora. Due to the similar pattern of metabolism shown for all tested animal feces except rabbits, it can be concluded that rats and pigs are better animal models for investigating the metabolism of herbal glycosides in human.
Chen, Po-Hsun y 陳柏勳. "Tackling the Risk of Herbs under the Globalization of Chinese Herbs: Aristolochic Acid Controversy and Response in Taiwan". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7m99rf.
Texto completo國立陽明大學
科技與社會研究所
106
In the late 20th century, the Aristolochic Acid controversies not only changed the concept of herbs in the international but transformed the regulation of herbs in Taiwan. By analyzing the Aristolochic Acid controversy in Taiwan, this thesis will investigate the following questions. How and why were the herbs considered toxic and risky? How did Taiwan government making policies by negotiating between the traditional Chinese medicine and the modern science? How did the multiple actors build the new concepts and new regulations of herbs under the globalization? At last, how did the Aristolochic Acid controversy structurally transform the herb regulation? The Aristolochic Acids are in Aristolochiaceae herbs, which are known for the renal toxicity and carcinogen. It was the Aristolochic Acids that cause the Chinese herb nephropathy in Belgium after the investigation in 1993. Aftermath, there were more and more poisoned cases around the Europe, America, and Asia. Thus, many countries set the bans on the preparations which contained the Aristolochic Acids. The toxicology medicine physician gave a speech about the renal toxicity of aristolochic acid in Chinese Herbal Toxicity Congress in Taipei in 2003. Also, a traditional Chinese medicine doctor made an appearance and claimed that he was the victim of Aristolochic acids. It aroused a great controversy between the modern medicine and the traditional Chinese medicine for prohibiting Aristolochiaceae herbs or not. This controversy, on the one hand, highlighted that it is unable to frame the toxicity and the efficacy of herbs by one type of knowledge. On the other hand, it also raised the public alert to the toxicity of herb. The regulation for the toxicity of herb became the essential issue to Taiwan government for expanding the global market of herb. To adjust the impact of WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy in 2002 and to join WTO in 2005, the Chinese medicine could not uphold the traditional regime to regulate the herb. However, they were not willing to accept the framework of biomedicine. The Chinese medicine integrated the modern technology and the concept of materia medica to build the new knowledge and the new regulations for herbs. There was also the new idea for herbal toxicity. The big data researches, such as the epidemiology and the National Health Insurance Research Databases, turned into the important scientific means to comprehend the efficacy, safety, and risk of herbs. As a result, the new knowledge and the new regulation model of herbs were taken shape. The government took this knowledge and system not only to quell the public doubts but to act as the quality guarantee for herbal preparations in the global market. Even though, there was some room for improvement in this new herbal safety system. In sum, after the Aristolochic Acid controversy, the regulation of herb turned into the regime of risk in Taiwan. Different from following the model of USFDA to prohibit the Aristolochic-Acid contained herbs, the Chinese medicine decided to establish the safety environment and negotiated the risk of herbs. Under the push-pull factors of herbal risk and global market, the Chinese medicine heterogeneously integrated knowledge, system, and actors to construct the safety of herbs by decreasing the risk of herbs. Furthermore, the Chinese medicine made the modern conventions to the quality of herbs in Taiwan.
Loercher, Alison. "Acupuncture, Chinese herbs, autoimmune disease and inflammation". 2008. http://www.ocomlibrary.org/images/PDF/studentpapers/alisonloercher.pdf.
Texto completoChen, De-yong y 陳德勇. "The herbs used in Vietnamese Dong-Yi". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9b576v.
Texto completo中國醫藥大學
中國醫學研究所碩士班
94
There are abundant medicinal herbs in Vietnam worthy of researches and clinical uses。The traditional medicine in Vietnam is called Dong-yi，was a combination of Chinese and Vietnamese traditional medicine。A study of medicinal herbs in Vietnam would be helpful of clinical application of Dong-yi。 According to the book 《越南草藥藥物》which was written by ÐỖ TẤT LỢI in 2004，we analyzed the distribution，species，amount and application of some commonly used medicinal herbs to provide a guide for clinical use。Furthermore，we discussed the Chinese names，scientific names，generic names，sources，morphology，collection，chemical compounds，pharmacology，decoction，smell，flavor，meridians，function，application，dosage，indications and contraindications。 The total botanical drugs we cast belonged to 12 families and 138 genera，and 244 species。However，there were 175 families and 780 species recorded in the book 《越南草藥藥物》。The methods we used were literature review，authentication，assortment，and generalization。The result showed that the commonly used botanical drugs in Vietnam were as follow：22 genera and 37 species in Labiatae，21 genera and 47species in Compositae；3 genera and 7 species in Lauraceae； 13 genera and 14 species in Gramineae；6 genera and 12 species in Araliaceae；8 genera and 17 species in Ranunculaceae；13 genera and 26 species in Liliaceae；19 genera and 25 species in Umbelliferae；10 genera and 26 species in Zingiberaceae；8 genera and 13 species in Gentianaceae；7 genera and 10 species in Scrophulariaceae；8 genera and 10 species in Rosaceae。We also casted 22 families and 47species of poisonous drugs。The most economical botanical drug was agalloch。
Ko, Pai-Shiou y 柯百修. "Screening of Chinese herbs on Antineuronal Degeneration". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69844368829878698907.
Texto completo國立陽明大學
生物藥學研究所
88
Pathological and age-related neuronal degeneration exhibit a common feature in progressive cognitive impairments and memory decline due to neuronal death and a lack of neuronal regeneration. Strategies for anti-neurodegenerative diseases have aimed at reducing cell death, increasing activity of functional neurons and neuronal regeneration. Murine neuroblastoma N18 cells actively proliferated when grown in media containing 5% serum, however, they were readily induced to differentiate with neurites outgrowth under low serum. Water extracts from eight Chinese herbs exhibited distinct effects on differentiated and non-differentiated N18 cells. These herbs stimulated proliferation of the differentiated N18 as shown by MTT assay, however, they were cytotoxic for or have no apparent effects on the non-differentiated N18. The crude water extracts form Loranthus parasticus and Astragalus membranaceus promoted differentiation of N18 cell grown in high serum as shown in cessation of cell proliferation followed by neurites outgrowth. This suggested a stimulatory effect on induction of N18 differentiation. βamyloid peptide ( amino acid 25-35 ) were cytotoxic for murine neuroblastoma Neuro-2A as shown by MTT and LDH assays. Water extracts from Angelica sinensis, Dioscorea opposita, Nelumbo nucifera, and Rehmannia glutinosa protected Neuro-2A from Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity. Pretreatment of Neuro-2A cells with herbal water extracts enhanced protection against Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity. Our results indicated that Chinese herbal medicines are good resources for antiaging drug development.
CHENG, WAN-JUNG y 鄭琬榕. "Studies on the bioactivities of cosmetic herbs". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nyassj.
Texto completo嘉南藥理大學
化粧品應用與管理系
107
In recent years, extracts from natural herbs play an important roles in the development of cosmetics. Furthermore, the research on the mechanism how the extracts work increase significantly. Thus, marketed cosmetics mostly use extracts from plant as raw materials or additives. In addition, some reports also suggest to use medical cosmetics to help connective tissue repair. As a result, medical cosmetics become popular with consumers. In this study, dozens of Chinese herbs were screened for the bioactivities in cosmetics. The herbs were extracted using ethanol and the extracts were used for the bioactivity assays. The results showed that the extracts from the five of the screened herbs exhibited bioactivities on either anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, or anti-tyrosinase activity. Among them, extracts from Plumbago indica, Chenopodium serotinum, Herba hyperici, Clitorita ternatea, and Bidens pilosa showed significantly anti-inflammatory activity; extracts from Herba hyperici, Clitorita ternatea, and Bidens pilosa showed anti-oxidant activity; extract from Plumbago indica showed anti-tyrosinase activity.
Matsuki, Mamoru. "Coexistence and exclusion in clonal understorey Herbs". Phd thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/145944.
Texto completoDarko, Isaac N. "Ghanaian Indigenous Health Practices: The Use of Herbs". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18072.
Texto completo"Molecular authentication and phylogenetic studies of Chinese herbs". 2009. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896914.
Texto completoThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-104).
In English with some Chinese characters; abstract also in Chinese.
Acknowledgement --- p.I
Abstract --- p.III
摘要 --- p.V
Table of Content --- p.VII
List of Figures --- p.XIII
List of Tables --- p.XV
Abbreviations --- p.XVI
Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1. --- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) --- p.1
Chapter 1.2. --- The development history and present situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine --- p.2
Chapter 1.3. --- Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine --- p.3
Chapter 1.4. --- Authentication of Traditional Chinese Medicines --- p.4
Chapter 1.5. --- Methods for authentication of Traditional Chinese Medicine --- p.5
Chapter 1.5.1. --- Morphological and histological methods --- p.5
Chapter 1.5.2. --- Chemical methods --- p.6
Chapter 1.5.3. --- Molecular methods --- p.6
Chapter 1.6. --- DNA regions suitable for molecular authentication of Traditional Chinese Medicine --- p.8
Chapter 1.6.1. --- The chloroplast genome --- p.8
Chapter 1.6.2. --- Nuclear sequences --- p.9
Chapter 1.6.3. --- Mitochondrial genome --- p.12
Chapter 1.7. --- Herb Tu Si Zi --- p.12
Chapter 1.7.1. --- The identity of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tu Si Zi --- p.12
Chapter 1.7.2. --- The medicinal values of Tu Si Zi --- p.13
Chapter 1.7.3. --- Local substitutes of Tu Si Zi --- p.14
Chapter 1.7.4. --- The need for molecular authentication of Tu Si Zi --- p.15
Chapter 1.8. --- Traditional Chinese Medicinal herbs from Isodon --- p.15
Chapter 1.8.1. --- The genus Isodon --- p.15
Chapter 1.8.2. --- Xi Huang Cao --- p.16
Chapter 1.8.2.1. --- Identity of Xi Huang Cao --- p.16
Chapter 1.8.2.2. --- Medicinal values of Xi Huang Cao --- p.17
Chapter 1.8.2.3. --- Confusions of herb Xi Huang Cao --- p.17
Chapter 1.8.3. --- Dong Ling Cao --- p.18
Chapter 1.8.3.1. --- Identity of Dong Ling Cao --- p.18
Chapter 1.8.3.2. --- Medicinal values of Dong Ling Cao --- p.18
Chapter 1.8.4. --- The molecular authentication of two Isodon herbs --- p.19
Chapter 1.9. --- Fagaropsis and Luvunga --- p.20
Chapter 1.9.1. --- The classification of Rutaceae --- p.20
Chapter 1.9.2. --- Controversial taxonomic issues with Fagaropsis and Luvunga --- p.21
Chapter 1.9.3. --- The need of phylogenetic studies of genus Fagaropsis and Luvunga --- p.23
Chapter Chapter 2. --- Objectives --- p.24
Chapter Chapter 3. --- Materials and Methods --- p.25
Chapter 3.1. --- Samples used in this study --- p.25
Chapter 3.1.1. --- Tu Si Zi (Dodder seeds) --- p.25
Chapter 3.1.2. --- Isodon herbs --- p.28
Chapter 3.1.3. --- Fagaropsis and Luvunga --- p.31
Chapter 3.2. --- Methods --- p.34
Chapter 3.2.1. --- Sample preparation --- p.34
Chapter 3.2.2. --- Total DNA extraction --- p.34
Chapter 3.2.2.1. --- Cetyltriethylammonium bromide extraction --- p.34
Chapter 3.2.2.2. --- Commercial kit extraction --- p.36
Chapter 3.2.3. --- DNA amplification --- p.38
Chapter 3.2.3.1. --- psbA-trnH intergenic spacer --- p.39
Chapter 3.2.3.2. --- trnL-trnF region --- p.39
Chapter 3.2.3.3. --- ITS region --- p.42
Chapter 3.2.4. --- Agarose gel electrophoresis --- p.43
Chapter 3.2.5. --- Purification of PCR product --- p.44
Chapter 3.2.6. --- Cloning --- p.46
Chapter 3.2.6.1. --- Ligation --- p.46
Chapter 3.2.6.2. --- Transformation --- p.46
Chapter 3.2.6.3. --- Cell cultivation --- p.47
Chapter 3.2.6.4. --- Plasmid extraction --- p.47
Chapter 3.2.6.5. --- Insert confirmation --- p.49
Chapter 3.2.7. --- DNA sequencing --- p.49
Chapter 3.2.7.1. --- Cycle sequencing --- p.49
Chapter 3.2.7.2. --- Purification of cycle sequencing product --- p.50
Chapter 3.2.7.3. --- DNA analysis --- p.50
Chapter 3.2.8. --- Sequence analysis and phylogeny construction --- p.51
Chapter Chapter 4. --- Tu Si Zi (Dodder Seeds) - Results and Discussion --- p.52
Chapter 4.1. --- Results --- p.52
Chapter 4.1.1. --- Dendrogram constructed using psbA-trnH intergenic spacer --- p.52
Chapter 4.1.2. --- Dendrogram constructed using trnL-trnF region --- p.53
Chapter 4.1.3. --- Dendrogram constructed with the combination of psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF region --- p.59
Chapter 4.2 --- Discussion --- p.60
Chapter 4.2.1. --- Identification of DNA markers for Cuscuta species --- p.60
Chapter 4.2.2. --- Molecular authentication of dodder seeds --- p.60
Chapter Chapter 5. --- Isodon herbs - Results and Discussion --- p.64
Chapter 5.1. --- Results --- p.64
Chapter 5.1.1. --- Dendrogram constructed with internal transcribed spacer 1 --- p.64
Chapter 5.1.2. --- Dendrogram established with internal transcribed spacer 2 --- p.65
Chapter 5.1.3. --- Dendrogram established with the whole internal transcribed spacer region --- p.66
Chapter 5.2. --- Discussion --- p.73
Chapter 5.2.1. --- ITS region performing as DNA marker for Dong Ling Cao --- p.73
Chapter 5.2.2. --- The identify of TCM materials of Xi Huang Cao --- p.73
Chapter Chapter 6. --- Fagaropsis and Luvunga - Results and Discussion --- p.75
Chapter 6.1. --- Results --- p.75
Chapter 6.1.1. --- Phylogenetic tree constructed with internal transcribed spacer 1 --- p.76
Chapter 6.1.2. --- Phylogenetic tree constructed with trnL-trnF region --- p.76
Chapter 6.1.3. --- Phylogenetic tree constructed with combined of trnL-trnF region and ITS-1 region --- p.77
Chapter 6.1.4. --- The location of Fagaropsis and Luvunga in 3 different phylogenetic trees --- p.78
Chapter 6.2. --- Discussion --- p.85
Chapter 6.2.1. --- Fagaropsis 一 a member of the ´بProto-Rutaceae´ة group --- p.85
Chapter 6.2.2. --- Luvunga 一 a member of Aurantioideae --- p.86
Chapter 6.2.3. --- DNA sequencing providing a useful methodology in plant phylogenetic studies --- p.87
Chapter Chapter 7. --- Conclusions --- p.89
References --- p.90
Appendix 1. Sequence alignment ofpsbA-trnH intergenic spacer of dodder --- p.105
Appendix 2. Sequence alignment of trnL-trnF region of dodder samples --- p.108
Appendix 3. Sequence alignment of ITS region of Isodon herbs and specimens --- p.117
Appendix 4. Sequence alignment of ITS-1 region of Rutaceae species --- p.124
Appendix 5. Sequence alignment of trnL-trnF region of Rutaceae species --- p.129