Tesis sobre el tema "Heart transplantate"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Heart transplantate".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Trevizan, Fulvio Bergamo. "Depressão, ansiedade, qualidade de vida e estratégias de enfrentamento após transplante cardíaco". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/tede/462.
Texto completoMade available in DSpace on 2018-11-07T22:12:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FULVIOBERGAMOTREVIZAN_dissert.pdf: 7181854 bytes, checksum: ce3a9d6618562e6fd84d6a79ad94d818 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-14
Heart transplantation is the therapeutic procedure indicated to increase the survival of patients with refractory heart failure. Improvement in overall functioning and quality of life are expected factors in the postoperative period. Objectives: To identify and evaluate mental disorders and symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, quality of life and coping strategies in the post-surgical situation of heart transplantation, as well as to correlate the variables and comparing them between sex, age group and time after transplantation. Method: A cross-sectional, quantitative study with patients who have undergone heart transplantation at Hospital de Base of São José do Rio Preto, SP. Participants answered to the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Ways of Coping Scale (EMEP) and WHOQOL-BREF, World Health Organization to assess quality of life. For data analysis, the significance level was considered P≤0.05. Results: A total of 33 patients participated in the study, 67% (n=22) males, mean age 52 years (± 11.75), mean time after transplantation 10 years (± 3.39). Female patients were 33% (n=11), mean age 54 years (± 11.04), mean time of transplantation 10 years (± 3.28). The BDI-II results indicated that 91% (n=30) presented a minimal level, 6% (n=2) mild level and 3% (n=1) moderate level of depression symptoms. In BAI, 94% (n=31) demonstrated minimal level, 3% (n=1) mild level and 3% (n=1) moderate level of anxiety symptoms. WHOQOL-BREF showed a perception of quality of life considered good (60-80 points) in all domains: psychological (70.45), social relationship (69.7), environment (67.33) and physical (63.53). The EMEP data have registered a problem-focused coping strategy (M=3.56 ± 0.68), religiosity (M=3.55 ± 0.48), social support (M=3.34 ± 0.73) and emotion M=1.76 ± 0.36). According to MINI, a single case of major depressive episode, current and recurrent was recorded. Significant differences were found in the perception of the psychological domain of men as being higher than in women (P=0.0071). Men were more satisfied with the environment (P=0.0387); patients aged ≥ 53 years focusing more on religiosity for coping with problems than lower-aged patients (P=0.039), which was also their main strategy. Conclusion: Although most participants in the sample had symptoms of depression and anxiety, only one patient was identified with moderate symptoms in both domains. The most used strategy was coping problem-focused, followed by focusing on religiosity, social support and emotion. Patients have classified the perceptions of quality of life as 'good', pointing out satisfaction with their health.
Diante da insuficiência cardíaca refratária, transplante de coração é o procedimento terapêutico indicado para aumentar a sobrevida do paciente. A melhora do funcionamento global e da qualidade de vida são fatores esperados no pós-cirúrgico. Objetivos: identificar e avaliar transtornos mentais e sintomas, tais como depressão e ansiedade, qualidade de vida e estratégias de enfrentamento diante da situação pós-cirúrgica de transplante do coração. Assim como, correlacionar as variáveis e compará-las entre sexo, faixa etária e tempo de transplante. Método: estudo transversal, quantitativo, com pacientes submetidos ao transplante cardíaco no Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto. Os participantes responderam ao Questionário Sociodemográfico, ao Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI-II), ao Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI), ao MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview, à Escala Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas (EMEP) e ao WHOQOL-BREF, instrumento da Organização Mundial de Saúde para avaliar qualidade de vida. Para análise de dados adotou-se nível de significância P≤0,05. Resultados: participaram 33 pacientes, 67% (n=22) do sexo masculino, idade média de 52 anos (±11,75), tempo médio de transplante: 10 anos (±3,39) e 33% (n=11) do sexo feminino, idade média de 54 anos (±11,04), com tempo médio de transplante em 10 anos (±3,28). Os resultados do BDI-II indicaram que 91% (n=30) apresentaram nível mínimo, 6% (n=2) nível leve e 3% (n=1) nível moderado de sintomas de depressão. No BAI, 94% (n=31) demonstrou nível mínimo, 3% (n=1) nível leve e 3% (n=1) nível moderado de sintomas de ansiedade. WHOQOL-Bref revelou uma percepção da qualidade de vida considerada boa (60-80 pontos) em todos os domínios: psicológico (70.45), relações sociais (69.7), ambiente (67.33) e físico (63.53). Os dados da EMEP registraram enfrentamentos focados em problemas (M=3,56 ±0,68), religiosidade (M=3,55 ±0,48), suporte social (M=3,34 ±0,73) e emoção (M=1,76 ±0,36). No MINI, foi registrado um único caso de episódio depressivo maior atual e recorrente. Diferenças significantes foram encontradas na percepção do domínio psicológico de homens como sendo maior do que em mulheres (P=0.0071). Homens estavam mais satisfeitos com o meio ambiente (P=0.0387); pacientes com idade ≥ 53 anos focando mais na religiosidade para o enfrentamento de problemas do que pacientes com idades inferiores (P=0.039), sendo esta, também, sua estratégia principal. Conclusão: embora a maioria dos participantes da amostra tenha apresentado sintomas de depressão e ansiedade, apenas um paciente foi identificado com sintomas moderados nos dois domínios. Modo de enfrentamento focado no problema foi a estratégia mais utilizada, seguida de foco na religiosidade, suporte social e emoção. Pacientes classificaram as percepções de qualidade de vida como ‘boas’, indicando sua satisfação com a saúde.
Nathoo, Ayesha. "Medicine and the media : negotiating the transplantable heart in britain, 1967-69". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614284.
Texto completoCosta, Helenice Moreira da. "Avaliação nutricional de pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardíaca no período pré-transplante cardíaco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-24112008-132618/.
Texto completoMalnutrition is frequently present in patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate nutritional status of patients with refractory HF waiting for cardiac transplantation. Nutritional evaluation was done with the use of subjective global assessment, complete anthropometric measurements (body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumference (MAC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and arm fat area), laboratory evaluation and food intake assessment in two moments: at the admission to the cardiac transplantation waiting list (1st evaluation) and after 4 months (2nd evaluation). On the 1st evaluation, we studied 56 patients, mean age 46±12 years, 67.8% were men, and 33.9% had Chagas disease. Analyzing anthropometric measurements, we found that, based on BMI 73.2% of patients were normal and 5.3% had underweight; MAMC revealed 66% with depletion. There was a negative and significant correlation between BMI and tumor necrosis factor-a (r= - 0.305; p<0.022). Laboratory evaluation showed that based on albumin levels, 50% of patients had some degree of depletion, based on transferrin 40% and on lymphocyte count 80%. There were negative and significant correlations between albumin and interleukin-6 (r= - 0.464; p<0.001), transferrin and interleukin-6 (r= -0.269; p<0.047) and lymphocyte count and interleukin-6 (r= -0.394; p<0.003). On the 2nd evaluation 18 patients were studied. There were no significant differences in the studied parameters between the 1st and 2nd evaluations. Based on the food intake assessment, percentage of adequacy of calories intake was 85% and 84% on 1st and 2nd evaluations, and more than 70% of patients had adequate protein intake on both evaluations. Low intake of calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, folate and vitamin E was detected. Daily sodium intake was found to be above the recommended levels. Fourteen patients were submitted to cardiac transplantation, mean age 44±21 years, 57.1% were men. Four patients died in post operative period. No relation was observed between anthropometric, laboratory, alimentary adequacy and age variables between patients transplanted that survive (n=9) and that died (n=4). We concluded that malnutrition is common in patients with refractory HF listed for cardiac transplantation. Nutritional assessment based on BMI did not show to be a good index to detect nutritional disorders and need to be used together with MAC, TSF, MAMC and arm fat area. Laboratory evaluation permitted the detection of compromised nutritional status. The participation of inflammatory cytokines in the process of malnutrition was evidenced in our population. Therefore, a complete nutritional evaluation should be part of routine care of patients with chronic HF, particularly in those with refractory HF waiting for cardiac transplantation
Lemos, Cláudia Regina Haponczuk de [UNESP]. "Impacto social do transplante cardíaco". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106110.
Texto completoEste estudo teve por objetivo compreender, por meio da representação social sobre transplante cardíaco, o impacto social produzido no cotidiano dos pacientes que se submeteram a esta proposta terapêutica, no Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Adotamos a metodologia qualitativa, entrevistando, com roteiro semi-estruturado, seis pacientes. Os dados obtidos e submetidos a análise de conteúdo possibilitaram identificar cinco eixos temáticos: da doação de órgãos ao órgão doado; as mudanças na vida; o suporte social, a finitude humana e a religiosidade. O estudo evidenciou que o transplante cardíaco foca a atenção do paciente na condição de estar vivo. A vida, propriamente dita, dá sentido ao seu cotidiano, as suas experiências e vivências. A necessidade de suportes para operacionalizar as aspirações dos pacientes, configurou-se como imprescindível. O suporte social viabiliza a sobrevivência, suprindo necessidades básicas materiais e afetivas. A possibilidade de manterem-se vivos está atrelada ao acesso imediato a um sistema de saúde. O suporte espiritual, caracterizado como energia vital, confere aos pacientes, o sentido da transcendência de uma vida de privações para uma vida divina e até mesmo eterna. A compreensão das pessoas deve ser a essência das ações na área da saúde. Esperamos que, este estudo contribua com os programas assistenciais e de educação em transplantes cardíacos, construídos a partir da ótica dos pacientes, tornando a aderência ao tratamento mais eficaz.
This study intended to understand, by the social representations of heart transplantation, what was the social impact it had on the everyday life of patients submitted to this therapeutic approach at the Instituto do Coração of Hospital das Clínicas of Faculdade de Medicina of Universidade de São Paulo. We adopted a qualitative methodology and interviewed six patients following a semi-structured script. The data collected and submitted to content analysis led to the identification of five key thematic issues: from organ donation to donated organ; changes in life; social support, human finitude and religiousness. The study evidenced that in heart transplantation the patients' focus of attention is at being alive. Life, per se, gives meaning to their everyday activities and experiences. The need to have support in coping with patients' aspirations proved to be indispensable. Social support enables survival, providing for material and affective basic needs. The possibility of staying alive is connected to immediate access to health care. Spiritual support, characterized as vital energy, conveys to patients the sense of transcendence, from a life of deprivation to a divine and even eternal life. People's understanding should be the core of healthcare actions. We sincerely hope that this study can contribute to other healthcare and educational programs in heart transplantation, building things from the patients' perspective and promoting greater treatment compliance.
Lemos, Cláudia Regina Haponczuk de. "Impacto social do transplante cardíaco /". Franca : [s.n.], 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106110.
Texto completoResumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender, por meio da representação social sobre transplante cardíaco, o impacto social produzido no cotidiano dos pacientes que se submeteram a esta proposta terapêutica, no Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Adotamos a metodologia qualitativa, entrevistando, com roteiro semi-estruturado, seis pacientes. Os dados obtidos e submetidos a análise de conteúdo possibilitaram identificar cinco eixos temáticos: da doação de órgãos ao órgão doado; as mudanças na vida; o suporte social, a finitude humana e a religiosidade. O estudo evidenciou que o transplante cardíaco foca a atenção do paciente na condição de estar vivo. A vida, propriamente dita, dá sentido ao seu cotidiano, as suas experiências e vivências. A necessidade de suportes para operacionalizar as aspirações dos pacientes, configurou-se como imprescindível. O suporte social viabiliza a sobrevivência, suprindo necessidades básicas materiais e afetivas. A possibilidade de manterem-se vivos está atrelada ao acesso imediato a um sistema de saúde. O suporte espiritual, caracterizado como energia vital, confere aos pacientes, o sentido da transcendência de uma vida de privações para uma vida divina e até mesmo eterna. A compreensão das pessoas deve ser a essência das ações na área da saúde. Esperamos que, este estudo contribua com os programas assistenciais e de educação em transplantes cardíacos, construídos a partir da ótica dos pacientes, tornando a aderência ao tratamento mais eficaz.
Abstract: This study intended to understand, by the social representations of heart transplantation, what was the social impact it had on the everyday life of patients submitted to this therapeutic approach at the Instituto do Coração of Hospital das Clínicas of Faculdade de Medicina of Universidade de São Paulo. We adopted a qualitative methodology and interviewed six patients following a semi-structured script. The data collected and submitted to content analysis led to the identification of five key thematic issues: from organ donation to donated organ; changes in life; social support, human finitude and religiousness. The study evidenced that in heart transplantation the patients' focus of attention is at being alive. Life, per se, gives meaning to their everyday activities and experiences. The need to have support in coping with patients' aspirations proved to be indispensable. Social support enables survival, providing for material and affective basic needs. The possibility of staying alive is connected to immediate access to health care. Spiritual support, characterized as vital energy, conveys to patients the sense of transcendence, from a life of deprivation to a divine and even eternal life. People's understanding should be the core of healthcare actions. We sincerely hope that this study can contribute to other healthcare and educational programs in heart transplantation, building things from the patients' perspective and promoting greater treatment compliance.
Doutor
CustÃdio, Ires Lopes. "AvaliaÃÃo do autocuidado de pacientes apÃs transplante cardÃaco acompanhado na consulta de enfermagem". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7951.
Texto completoO transplante cardÃaco à uma modalidade terapÃutica de alta complexidade e exige do enfermeiro uma assistÃncia especÃfica, com qualidade, tendo como foco o autocuidado, uma vez que possibilita o envolvimento do paciente de maneira participativa no tratamento. Teve-se como objetivo geral avaliar o autocuidado de pacientes que realizaram transplante cardÃaco, baseado no Modelo do Autocuidado de Orem. E como especÃficos: identificar os fatores condicionantes que interferem na prÃtica do autocuidado de paciente transplantado cardÃaco apÃs a alta hospitalar; verificar os dÃficits de autocuidado de pacientes adultos que realizaram transplante cardÃaco; e correlacionar os fatores condicionantes com o Perfil de Engajamento do Autocuidado. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-analÃtico, com delineamento transversal e natureza quantitativa, desenvolvido na Unidade de Transplante e InsuficiÃncia CardÃaca de um hospital pÃblico terciÃrio da cidade de Fortaleza-CearÃ-Brasil. A amostra foi composta por 63 pacientes transplantados cardÃacos, que atenderam aos critÃrios de inclusÃo. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante uma entrevista individualizada, no perÃodo de outubro a dezembro de 2011. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comità de Ãtica e Pesquisa, sob protocolo do CEP/HM: 109/11. Como resultados dos fatores condicionantes, obteve-se: sexo masculino (88,9%); a idade variou de 23 a 72 anos, predominando de 40 a 59 anos (68,3%); cor da pele nÃo-branca (74,6%), catÃlico (81,0%); casado (77,8%); procedentes do interior do estado (49,2%); nÃvel de escolaridade-ensino fundamental (71,4%); aposentado ou nÃo trabalha (82,5%); renda de atà um salÃrio mÃnimo (47,6%); miocardiopatia chagÃsica (28,6%); tempo pÃs-transplante entre um e trÃs anos (39,7%). Em relaÃÃo ao autocuidado do requisito universal, tÃm-se como dÃficit os seguintes dados: oxigenaÃÃo/respiraÃÃo (26,9%); higiene pessoal (31,7%); higiene do ambiente domiciliar (47,6%); ingestÃo de lÃquidos (39,6%); ingestÃo de alimentos (68,8%); eliminaÃÃes (20,6%); prÃtica de exercÃcio fÃsico (87,3%); sono e repouso (79,3%); interaÃÃo social (90,4%); comportamento emocional (58,7%); prevenÃÃo de doenÃa/promoÃÃo da saÃde (77,7%); tabagismo (1,58%); etilismo (3,17%); prÃtica sexual (61,9%); prevenÃÃo do cÃncer (60,3%). Quanto ao autocuidado do requisito desenvolvimental, apresentou os seguintes dÃficits: participaÃÃo das atividades educativas (39,6%); adaptaÃÃo Ãs mudanÃas apÃs transplante cardÃaco (34,9%). E ao requisito desvio de saÃde, tÃm-se os seguintes dÃficits: comparecimento Ãs consultas da equipe de saÃde (41,2%); imunizaÃÃo bÃsica (100%); uso de mÃscara descartÃvel (46%); contato com pessoas e animais domÃsticos (38%); e conhecimento (20,6%). O Perfil de Engajamento do Autocuidado variou de 88 a 113, constatando-se que a maioria dos pacientes apresentou algum dÃficit de autocuidado, pois 57,1% estavam na classe que âfrequentemente realizava autocuidadoâ. No entanto, embora nenhum paciente realizasse 100% das prÃticas de autocuidado recomendadas para o transplantado cardÃaco, 42,9% sempre realizavam o autocuidado. Conclui-se que os pacientes transplantados cardÃacos apresentam dÃficit de autocuidado para manutenÃÃo e promoÃÃo da saÃde. Portanto, à necessÃrio que os profissionais da equipe de transplante cardÃaco estejam atentos para os fatores condicionantes do autocuidado dos pacientes transplantados cardÃacos, visando estabelecer estratÃgias para reduÃÃo do dÃficit de autocuidado.
Galantier, João. "Avaliação do emprego clínico do dispositivo de assistência ventricular InCor como ponte para o transplante cardíaco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-11122007-145953/.
Texto completoCardiac transplantation faces a serious problem of lack of donation. Between 20 and 40% of the listed patients died while waiting for heart transplantation, most of them because of progressive heart failure. For these patients, the use of mechanical circulatory assist devices is the only choice of surviving during that time. In Brazil, the experience with mechanical circulatory support is limited and there is no regular program of the use of these devices as bridge to heart transplantation. Objectives: To evaluate the hemodynamic performance and the systemic inflammatory response during the clinical application of the ventricular assist device type InCor (DAV-InCor) as bridge to heart transplantation. Methods: Between October 2003 and April 2006, 11 patients on the waiting list for heart transplantation have hemodynamic deterioration to refractory cardiogenic shock. Hemodinamic profile (cardiac index, capilar pressure, pulmonary artery pressure and central venous pressure) was analised during early post-operative days. Serum levels of central venous saturation, lactate, urea, creatinin, bilirrubin and lacti desidrogenase were measured every day Blood drawn from patients for 3 days and once a week was assayed for levels of BNP, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and tumor necrosis factor-alfa. Results: During the study, 11 patients listed for cardiac transplantation as urgent status have deteriorated to refractory cardiogenic shock. Seven of these patients were submitted to DAV-InCor implantation for left ventricular assistance. The etiologic diagnosis was Chagas\' disease in 5 patients (71%) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in 2 (29%). There were 5 male and 2 female. The age ranged from 34 and 54 years (mean 39,5). Duration of left ventricular assistance ranged from 14 to 42 days (mean 26.2 days). During this period, the hemodynamic performance of the DAV-InCor was adequate to support a normal hemodynamic condition. There was normalization of cardiac index, central venous oxygen saturation and serum lactate. The systemic inflammatory response showed elevated TNF-alfa, Interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 concentrations. Two patients were submitted to heart transplantation, while the other 5 patients died under assistance due to infection and multiple organ failure. There were no complications related to the device in 6 patients. One patient had a stroke by the 26st day Conclusions: Mechanical circulatory support can be performed as bridge to heart transplantation with the DAV-InCor, in spite of the high incidence of complications.
Miguel, Gabriel Antonio Stanisci 1978. "Ecocardiograma como ferramenta de triagem na avaliação de rejeição cardíaca no coração transplantado". [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311905.
Texto completoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T03:31:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Miguel_GabrielAntonioStanisci_D.pdf: 3265608 bytes, checksum: 8e5fab35107186e1c25936f84d45682f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Introdução: O transplante (TC) cardíaco é uma alternativa para os indivíduos com doença cardíaca terminal. Na evolução pós-TC, a ocorrência de episódios de rejeição é um evento frequente, sendo responsável pelo aumento da morbi-mortalidade. Uma alternativa relevante seria o emprego de um exame não invasivo que tivesse uma boa acurácia na detecção das alterações da função sisto-diastólica do coração transplantado, pois a biópsia endomiocárdica (BEM) não é um procedimento isento de complicações. Objetivo: Analisar o Índice de Performance Miocárdica como ferramenta para o diagnóstico de rejeição cardíaca e demonstrar sua possibilidade de triagem na seleção de pacientes para BEM. Método: Foram realizados ecocardiogramas transtorácicos no período de janeiro de 2006 a janeiro de 2008, para a avaliação prospectiva de 58 pacientes; sendo 17 pacientes (29,3 %) pertencentes ao grupo controle (grupo GC), 22 (37,9%) pertencentes ao grupo de pacientes transplantados sem rejeição (TX0) e 19 (32,9%) pertencentes ao grupo de pacientes transplantados com rejeição (TX1). Comparou-se a função sisto-diastólica entre os três grupos (GC, TX0, TX1). O teste de Qui-quadrado foi utilizado para verificar se as proporções de gênero e raça eram homogêneas. Para a comparação entre os três grupos, foi utilizado a ANOVA, em caso de normalidade (verificada por meio do teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov) e homocedasticidade (verificada por meio do teste de Levene) entre as variáveis; caso contrário, optou-se por utilizar o teste não-paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis. O nível de significância utilizado para os testes foi de 5%. Resultados: Os grupos não diferiram em relação à idade [38,47 (±11,17) X 41,18 (±13,83) X 45,95 (±12,87) p = 0,212], ao peso [71,95 (±15,90) X 68,68 (±13,14) X 66,09 (±11,91) p = 0,442], altura [1,66 (±0,11) X 1,67 (±0,05) X 1,68 (±0,06) p = 0,894] e superfície corpórea [1,82 (±0,25) X 1,78 (±0,18) X 1,75 (±0,17) p = 0,603]. O grupo GC quando comparado com o grupo TX0, apresentou alteração da função sisto-diastólica do ventrículo esquerdo, expressa através do aumento do IPM, sendo esta mais intensa nos pacientes do grupo TX1 [0,38 (0,29 - 0,39) X 0,47 (0,42 - 0,49) X 0,60 (0,52 - 0,71) p <0,001]. Conclusão: Foi evidenciado que o ÍPM encontra-se bastante aumentado nos pacientes transplantados com rejeição em relação aos pacientes transplantados sem rejeição e também em relação ao controle; portanto, este índice mostrou-se como informação não invasiva e de boa acurácia na detecção das alterações da função sisto-diastólica do coração transplantado, podendo auxiliar na triagem de pacientes transplantados, clinicamente descompensados e que anteriormente seriam submetidos à biópsia de rotina
Abstract: Introduction: The transplant (TC) cardiac is an alternative for the individuals with terminal cardiac illness. In the evolution after TC, the occurrence of rejection episodes is a frequent event, being responsible for the increase of morbi-mortality. An excellent alternative would be the job of a not invasive examination that had a good acurácia in the detention of the alterations of the diastolic function of the transplantated heart, therefore the endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is not an exempt procedure of complications. Objective: Analyze the Myocardial Performance Index (MPI) as a tool for the diagnosis of cardiac rejection and demonstrate their ability to triage in the selection of patients for EMB. Methods: Transthoracic echocardiograms in the period of January of 2006 had been carried through the January of 2008, for the prospective evaluation of 58 patients; being 17 patients (29,3%) pertaining to the group it has controlled (group GC), 22 (37,9%) pertaining to the group of patients transplantated without rejection (TX0) and 19 (32,9%) pertaining ones to the group of patients transplantated with rejection (TX1). It was compared sisto-diastolic function between the three groups (GC, TX0, TX1). The Qui-quadrado test was used to verify that the proportions of gender and race were homogeneous. For comparison between groups, ANOVA was used, in case of normality (verified by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) and homoscedasticity (verified by Levene's test) between the variables; otherwise opted to using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test. The significance level used for the tests was 5% Results: The groups did not differ in age [38,47 (±11,17) X 41,18 (±13,83) X 45,95 (±12,87) p = 0,212], weight [71,95 (±15,90) X 68,68 (±13,14) X 66,09 (±11,91) p = 0,442], height [1,66 (±0,11) X 1,67 (±0,05) X 1,68 (±0,06) p = 0,894] and body surface area [1,82 (±0,25) X 1,78 (±0,18) X 1,75 (±0,17) p = 0,603]. The GC group compared with the group TX0, had an alteration of the systolic-diastolic function of left ventricle, expressed by increasing the Miocardic Performance Index (IPM), which is more significant for patients in group TX1 [0,38 (0,29 - 0,39) X 0,47 (0,42 - 0,49) X 0,60 (0,52 - 0,71) p <0,001]. Conclusion: It was shown that the PMI is greatly increased in patients with transplant rejection compared to patients transplanted without rejection and also in relation to the control, so this index proved to be as non-invasive and accurate method for the detection of changes in systolic and diastolic function of the transplanted heart to assist in screening transplant patients clinically decompensated and who previously underwent biopsy would be routine
Doutorado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Doutor em Ciências
Fernandes, Lenise Castelo Branco Camurça. "Avaliação da massa e força muscular em pacientes no pré e pós-transplante cardíaco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-24112015-095725/.
Texto completoINTRODUCTION: There are few studies demonstrating that skeletal muscle abnormalities in patients with chronic heart failure persist for months after heart transplantation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate muscle mass, and peripheral and respiratory muscle strength in patients in pre-heart transplantation, and in the early (6 months) and late (1.5 to 3 years) follow-up after heart transplantation. We also aimed to verify the correlation between peripheral and respiratory muscle strength in patients before and after heart transplantation. Finally, we compared the pre-heart transplantation patients\' data with a control group of healthy individuals without heart disease. METHODS: It was a prospective cohort study. We selected all patients on the waiting list for heart transplantation of Messejana\'s Hospital from August 2011 to March 2013. Age, gender, cause of heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, period on the waiting list, post-transplantation hospitalization time, mechanical ventilation time, measurements of respiratory muscle strength (maximum inspiratory muscle strength and maximum expiratory muscle strength), peripheral muscle strength (hand grip strength), adductor pollicis muscle thickness, the bilateral average of the major psoas muscle cross-sectional area, body mass index and serum creatinine were assessed in all the patients in the study and in control groups. Mass and muscle strength variables were measured using computed tomography, pachymetry, manometry and dynamometry. RESULTS: We found 25 eligible patients and 23 were included. There were 8 deaths in the early follow-up period; by the end of 3-year follow-up there were 11 surviving patients with functioning graft. We selected 23 healthy subjects for the control group, matched for gender, age, weight and height. When we compared the variables mass and muscle strength of the pre heart transplant patients with healthy control subjects were found decreased peripheral muscle strength (hand grip strength) (27.0 kg/f vs. 38.2 kg/f), of the psoas muscle\'s cross-section area (1238.9 mm2 vs. 1533.1 mm2), the adductor pollicis muscle thickness (16.5 mm vs. 23.9 mm), maximum inspiratory muscle strength (60.2 cmH2O vs. 94 8 cmH2O) and maximum expiratory muscle strength (75.2 cm H2O vs. 102.17 cmH2O) in patients in the pre heart transplant group. Comparing the pre-heart transplant periods, the early and late heart transplantation follow-up there was a statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) the following variables: peripheral muscle strength (hand grip strength) (27.3 kg / f vs. 34.7 kg / f ), the psoas muscle\'s cross-sectional area (1305.4 vs. 1431.3 mm 2 mm 2) the adductor pollicis muscle thickness (15.9 mm vs. 20.2 mm), maximum inspiratory muscle strength (59.5 cmH2O vs. 90.9 cm H2O) and maximum expiratory muscle strength (79.5 cm H2O vs. 101.8 cm H2O) in the 11 surviving patients. At the end of post-heart transplant late follow-up all variables mass and muscle strength reached similar levels to those of the control group, except the adductor pollicis muscle thickness. CONCLUSION: The findings showed that there was sarcopenia in patients in pre-heart transplantation period, since there was a decrease in muscle mass and a decrease in muscle strength of peripheral and respiratory muscles confirming the presence of at least two criteria, a requirement to make the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Heart transplantation has provided increased respiratory muscle strength, increased peripheral muscle strength, increased the adductor pollicis muscle thickness and increased psoas muscle mass
Daniel, Leticia de Carvalho Zanatta. "Cuidados de Enfermagem ao transplantado cardíaco: perspectiva do enfermeiro e do paciente". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-28082014-112958/.
Texto completoIntroduction and Objectives: The nursing care to an individual after cardiac transplantation is poorly investigated in Brazil. This study aimed to: Identify the nursing care provided to mediate postoperative cardiac transplant patient in the intensive care unit and inpatient unit of a hospital specialized in cardiology; apprehend the nursing care that heart transplant patient hopes to receive from the nurse in the intensive care unit and inpatient unit, from the perspective of the nurse and the patient. Methods: This was a qualitative research. Was interviewed nine nurses and three patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, using a semi-structured questionnaire whose data were analyzed using thematic analysis according to Minayo. The research project was approved by the EEUSP Ethics Commission and the collection of data were authorized by HCFMUSP, where the research was conducted. Results: The ratio of nurses and patients is mediated by nursing care, which is expressed by a realized care that is the provided care and a desired nursing care or expected care, which showed both the expectations of nurses as the interviewed subjects. The thematic analysis of the interviews revealed three dimensions of care: biological, psychosocial and emotional. The biological dimension is apprehended by nurses and patients in the same perspective and refers to the care of the administration of medicines, to food, to bandages, to detection the signs of rejection, to the drains and catheters, to hygiene, to the prevention of infections and to the biopsy. The emotional dimension, from the perspective of nurses, is related to the anger with illness and hospitalization time, while the patients perspective referred to the support, attention and affective link. In psychosocial dimension the nurses approach the hosting of family and the orientation related to the care and the patients referred the orientation related to the care. Final considerations: The nurses cite and realize predominantly biological dimension care and that is how the patients reproduce them. Other dimensions of care were just little mentioned, which suggests the need to resignify the transplanted heart care so that the objective conditions of work and beliefs are examined and investigated aiming to increase and to effective the care that is wanted to be multidimensional.
Cipullo, Reginaldo. "Vasculites e lesões isquêmicas imunomediadas como fatores preditores de mau prognóstico no transplante cardíaco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-04112010-150625/.
Texto completoINTRODUCTION: The clinical meaning of vasculitis, ischemic lesions, Quilty effect and the presence of eosinophils in endomyocardial biopsies of transplant recipients with mild rejections have not been established yet. OBJECTIVES: Verify if these histological findings (eosinophils, vasculitis, Quilty effect and ischemic lesions), whose clinical meaning remains unknown so far, are able to predict acute rejection of the transplanted organ, accompanied or not by severe hemodynamic compromise and death due to acute rejection. METHODS: We reevaluated 939 consecutive endomyocardial biopsies classified as 0R or 1R, according to the nomenclature that the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation established in 2005. We divided these biopsies in 2 groups, as they follow: (1) Predictor biopsies, which are preceded by acute rejection, acute rejection associated to severe hemodynamic compromise or death and (2) Non-predictor biopsies that did not precede any clinical events. We compared the occurrence of the histological findings studied (eosinophils, vasculitis, Quilty effect and ischemic lesions) through univariate and multivariate analysis among the groups. RESULTS: After an appropriate statistical analysis, the result obtained was the presence of intense vasculitis and eosinophils as the greatest predictors of future acute rejection, presenting the respective odds ratio: 10,60 (IC95%: 3,62 31,06. p<0,001) and 6,26 (IC95%:3,16 12,43. p< 0,001), as well as acute rejection associated to severe hemodynamic compromise, which presented the respective odds ratio for this clinical outcome: 7,52 (IC95%: 1,45-38,93. p=0,016) and 6,61 (IC95%: 2,38 18,31. p< 0,001) and death due to acute rejection, presenting the respective odds ratio: 11,20 (IC95%: 3,53 36,17. p < 0, 001) and 14,50 (IC95%: 2,19 36,17. p = 0,006). CONCLUSIONS: Intense vasculitis and eosinophils in myocardial biopsies post-cardiac transplantation are the chief factors that can predict acute rejection, acute rejection associated to severe hemodynamic compromise or death
Sylos, Cristina de. "Avaliação do peptídeo natriurético tipo B (BNP) após transplante cardíaco pediátrico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-28012009-132750/.
Texto completoINTRODUCTION: The rejection is one of the main causes of mortality after pediatric heart transplant. B natriuretic peptide has been used as a diagnostic method for rejection mainly in adult patients after heart transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To correlate BNP levels collected at the moment of endomyocardial biopsy with rejection, to evaluate BNP as an additional method for coronary artery disease and to compare clinical, echocardiograph assessment and hemodynamic parameters with endomyocardial biopsy findings. METHODS: There were 50 BNP blood samples from 33 children submitted to orthotopic cardiac transplantation. Analyzed parameters included: age, gender, race, blood type, reactive panel, functional class, immunosuppressive regimens, number of rejection episodes, echocardiography findings and hemodynamic parameters. The patients were divided in two groups: with rejection and without rejection. RESULTS: Thirty three children with a median age of 10.3 years (54% female) were studied at median time of 4.2 years after heart transplantation. Endomyocardial biopsy diagnosed nine rejection episodes (27%): three were grade 3A; five were grade 2 and one was humoral rejection. At the moment of biopsy most patients were asymptomatic. Average BNP level was 77.2 pg/ml (144.2 pg/ml in the patients with rejection and 65.8 pg/ml in the group without rejection, p=0.02). BNP level was increased in humoral rejection and in patients with coronary artery disease. ROC curve demonstrates BNP levels over 38 pg/ml to present 100% sensibility and 56% specificity to detect acute rejection. The levels of BNP were higher than 100 pg/ml in most of the patients with coronary artery disease (median of 167.5 pg/ml compared with a 40.5 pg/ml in patients without coronary artery disease). The curve ROC shows a critical cut off value for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease at the level of 90 pg/ml in, with p = 0.01. The hemodynamic parameters did not show significant differences between the patients with rejection and the group without rejection. The echocardiogram presented 44% sensibility and a 17 90% specificity to detect the rejection episode (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Children could be asymptomatic at allograft rejection episodes. BNP level was significantly elevated in children with the allograft rejection episode and may add a valuable information for the rejection assessment. Also, the higher BNP levels associated with coronary artery disease may contribute for its surveillance. Although the echocardiography presented low sensibility to screen for acute rejection episodes, its high specificity enhances its role to structural and functional alterations. The hemodynamic parameters did not contribute for the diagnosis nor presented correlation with the biopsy findings.
Nejahsie, Mohammad Yusuf [Verfasser] y Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Eschenhagen. "Scale-up – Generierung künstlicher Herzgewebe (engineered heart tissue, EHT) im Maßstab eines Transplantats für Menschen / Mohammad Yusuf Nejahsie ; Betreuer: Thomas Eschenhagen". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199539104/34.
Texto completoNejahsie, Mohammad Yusuf Verfasser] y Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Eschenhagen. "Scale-up – Generierung künstlicher Herzgewebe (engineered heart tissue, EHT) im Maßstab eines Transplantats für Menschen / Mohammad Yusuf Nejahsie ; Betreuer: Thomas Eschenhagen". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-100928.
Texto completoSerafim, Catarina. "Efeitos da reabilitação cardíaca após transplante de coração: uma revisão". Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/6246.
Texto completoObjetivo: Compreender a efetividade da reabilitação pós-operatório em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de transplante de coração. Metodologia: Pesquisa computorizada nas bases de dados Pubmed/Medline e PEDro para identificar estudos randomizados controlados que avaliaram os efeitos da reabilitação cardíaca com base em técnicas de fisioterapia em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de transplante do coração. Resultados: Nesta revisão foram incluídos 8 artigos envolvendo 194 indivíduos, com classificação metodológica de 5.75 na escala de PEDro. Os artigos mencionados nesta revisão referem-se à realização de programas de reabilitação cardíaca sendo que 6 estudos foram realizados em meio hospitalar, um é a comparação entre o meio domiciliar e hospitalar e o último só em meio domiciliar. Conclusão: A reabilitação cardíaca representa um papel importante mostrando-se eficaz no aumento da força muscular, dos batimentos cardíacos, diminuição da pressão arterial sistólica e melhoria da função endotelial. Ajuda também na prevenção de doenças cardíacas futuras e principalmente ajuda na reinserção na vida diária do paciente após cirurgia.
Objective: To understand the effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation in patients undergoing heart transplant surgery. Methodology: Computerized search in the Pubmed / Medline and PEDro databases to identify randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of cardiac rehabilitation based on physiotherapy techniques in patients undergoing heart transplant surgery. Results: In this review were included eight articles involving 194 individuals with a methodological classification of 5.75 on the PEDro scale. The articles mentioned in this review refer to the implementation of cardiac rehabilitation programs. 6 of these studies were performed in a hospital setting, one is the comparison between the home and hospital environment and the last one only in the home setting. Conclusion: Cardiac rehabilitation plays an important role in increasing muscle strength, heart rate, decreasing systolic blood pressure and improving endothelial function. It also helps in the prevention of future heart diseases and mainly helps in reinsertion into the daily life of the patient after surgery.
N/A
Finger, Marco Aurelio. "Hipernatremia do doador como fator de risco para falência primária de enxerto após transplante cardíaco ortotópico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/98/98131/tde-24062013-113919/.
Texto completoIntroduction: Cardiac transplantation has a role in the treatment of severe heart failure. Within the unfavorable outcomes to their results, the primary graft failure is recognized as a condition of severity and high mortality. The factors involved in the onset of primary graft failure are still unclear and their relevance is poorly studied. Objective: Observe if there is an association between donor hypernatremia and other variables with the development of primary graft failure (PGF). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 200 patients who underwent surgery for orthotropic heart transplantation (HT) at the Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia (IDPC) in the period between 01/01/2001 and 12/31/2010, and evaluated the serum sodium levels in the donor. Furthermore, we assessed other factors related to the donor, the recipient and the surgical procedure. After identification that the donor serum sodium was higher in the group of receivers with PGF, a cutoff point was obtained by ROC curve. The level of significance of the tests was 5%. A multiple logistic regression model was fitted to assess the effects of factors and covariates present in PGF. Results: Among patients who developed primary graft failure, the mean serum sodium was 162.0 mEq/l versus 153.6 mEq/l of which showed no PGF. The cutoff value for the ROC curve was 159 mEq/l. There was an important difference (p <0.03) between the two groups with increased incidence of primary graft failure in patients who received organs from donors with serum sodium> 159 mEq/l. The other variable that showed a significant value (p = 0.04) was smoking from the donor. Conclusion: Based on these findings, we observed that there is an association between elevated serum sodium from the donor with the development of primary graft failure after heart transplantation.
Pascoalino, Lucas Nóbilo. "Efeitos da atividade física aeróbica sobre a pressão arterial sistêmica e rigidez arterial em pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-14012013-153710/.
Texto completoCardiac transplantation remains the procedure of choice for refractory heart failure, with favorable results in terms of symptoms, quality of life and patient survival. Hypertension appears as a higher incidence of comorbidity in this group of patients, reaching 95% after five years. However, the effect of exercise training in the behavior of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and arterial stiffness has not been studied in this group of patients. We assessment the effects of aerobic physical activity in the behavior of ABPM, arterial stiffness and cardiovascular variables in patients being heart transplanted for a year or more. Thirty-nine patients of both genders were evaluated, then randomized to either training group (TG) (n = 29, 45 ± 13 years) or control group (CG) (n = 9, 51 ± 11 years) and reevaluated after 12 weeks of follow-up. Pre and post evaluations combined examinations of ABPM, carotidfemoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and graded exercise test, with collections of blood samples for measurement of norepinephrine (Nor) (rest and peak). Aerobic exercise was performed in the TG three times-a-week, two supervised and one unsupervised for 40 minutes initially at an intensity of 80% of heart rate achieved at the respiratory compensation point. The TG showed a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure during average of 24 hours (from 120 ± 11 to 116 ± 14mmHg, p < 0.05) and diurnal cycle (from 123 ± 11 to 118 ± 13mmHg, p<0.05). Diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly for the three periods, the average of 24 hours (from 81 ± 9 to 74 ± 9mmHg, p<0.001), diurnal cycle (from 83 ± 9 to 75 ± 10mmHg, p < 0.001) and nighttime (from 77 ± 10 to 71 ± 10mmHg, p < 0.001). The PWV showed no significant reduction after the followup period for both groups; TG ( from 10.0 ± 1.9 to 9.7 ± 1.9m/s, p = ns) and CG (from10.3 ± 2.2 to 10.4 ± 2.8m/s, p = ns) and the levels of the Nor had a significantly higher peak exercise in TG (from 2386 ± 1274 to 3292 ± 1410 pg/ml p <0.01) and also in relation to the control group after follow-up (3292 ± 1419 versus 2178 ± 659 pg / ml, p <0.05). The exercise training reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 4.7 and in 7.5 mmHg during daytime, respectively. Reduction also happened during nighttime in 3.5 and in 5.8 mmHg for these variables, respectively. Exercise training improved VO2peak, HRmax and time of exercise (cardiorespiratory fitness) after follow-up, as well.
Miguel, Gabriel Antonio Stanisci 1978. "Avaliação ecocardiografica da função ventricular de pacientes transplantados e sua correlação com rejeição cardiaca imunologica". [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311903.
Texto completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T00:59:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Miguel_GabrielAntonioStanisci_M.pdf: 2975905 bytes, checksum: c45b885c0ebe455da2be8fded7817e46 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Introdução: O transplante (TX) cardíaco é uma alternativa para os indivíduos com doença cardíaca terminal. Na evolução pós-TX, a ocorrência de episódios de rejeição é um evento frequente, sendo responsável pelo aumento da morbimortalidade. Uma alternativa relevante seria o emprego de um exame não invasivo que tivesse uma boa acurácia na detecção das alterações da função sisto-diastólica do coração transplantado, pois a biópsia endomiocárdica (BEM) não é um procedimento isento de complicações. Objetivo: Comparar a função ventricular esquerda entre os pacientes transplantados com rejeição cardíaca e os pacientes transplantados sem rejeição; utilizando como referência o grupo controle e correlaciona-la com rejeição cardíaca imunológica. Métodos: Foram realizados ecocardiogramas transtorácicos no período de janeiro de 2006 a janeiro de 2008, para a avaliação prospectiva de 47 pacientes; sendo 17 pacientes (36,2 %) pertencentes ao grupo controle (grupo GC), 18 (38,3%) pertencentes ao grupo de pacientes transplantados sem rejeição (TX0) e 12 (25,5%) pertencentes ao grupo de pacientes transplantados com rejeição (TX1). Comparou-se a função sisto-diastólica entre os três grupos (GC, TX0, TX1). Para o estudo da homogeneidade entre proporções foi utilizado o teste exato de Fisher. Para a análise da hipótese de igualdade entre os grupos em relação às medianas, utilizou-se o teste não-paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis seguido do teste de comparações múltiplas. O nível de significância utilizado para os testes foi de 5%. Resultados: Os grupos não diferiram em relação à idade [34,0 (29,5 - 44,0) X 46,0 (33,5 - 51,5) X 39,0 (32,5 - 54,5) p = 0,354], ao peso [70,0 (57,5 - 85,0) X 66,5 (57,5 - 88,0) X 61,0 (57,5 - 73,5) p = 0,661], altura [1,65 (1,59 - 1,73) X 1,66 (1,64 - 1,70) X 1,69 (1,64 - 1,72) p = 0,821] e superfície corpórea [1,84 (1,58 - 1,98) X 1,75 (1,62 - 2,03) X 1,69 (1,63 - 1,88) p = 0,758]. O grupo GC quando comparado com o grupo TX0, apresentou alteração da função sisto-diastólica do ventrículo esquerdo, expressa através do aumento do Índice de Performance Miocádica (IPM), sendo esta mais significativa nos pacientes do grupo TX1 [0,38 (0,29 - 0,44) X 0,47 (0,43 - 0,56) X 0,58 (0,52 - 0,74) p <0,001]. Conclusão: Foi evidenciado que o Índice de Performance Miocárdica encontra-se aumentado nos pacientes transplantados, em relação ao grupo controle e não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos de pacientes transplantados; portanto, o ecocardiograma mostrou-se como exame de boa acurácia na detecção das alterações da função sisto-diastólica do coração transplantado e não foi confiável como método substituto da biópsia endomiocárdica para o diagnóstico seguro de rejeição cardíaca.
Abstract: Introduction: The transplant (TX) cardiac is an alternative for the individuals with terminal cardiac illness. In the evolution after TX, the occurrence of rejection episodes is a frequent event, being responsible for the increase of morbi-mortality. An excellent alternative would be the job of a not invasive examination that had a good acurácia in the detention of the alterations of the diastolic function of the transplantated heart, therefore the endomyocardial biopsy (BEM) is not an exempt procedure of complications. Objective: Compare the left ventricular function between patients transplated with rejection and cardiac transplant patients without rejection, using as reference the control group and correlated it with immunological rejection rate. Methods: Transthoracic echocardiograms in the period of January of 2006 had been carried through the January of 2008, for the prospective evaluation of 47 patients; being 17 patients (36,2 %) pertaining to the group it has controlled (group GC), 18 (38,3%) pertaining to the group of patients transplantated without rejection (TX0) and 12 (25,5%) pertaining ones to the group of patients transplantated with rejection (TX1). It was compared sisto-diastolic function between the three groups (GC, TX0, TX1). To study the homogeneity of proportions was used Fisher's exact test. For the analysis the hypothesis of equality between the groups in relation to the medians, we used the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test followed by multiple comparisons. The significance level used for the tests was 5%. Results: The groups did not differ in age [34.0 (29.5 to 44.0) X 46.0 (33.5 - 51.5) X 39.0 (32.5 - 54.5) p = 0.354 ], weight [70.0 (57.5 to 85.0) X 66.5 (57.5 to 88.0) X 61.0 (57.5 to 73.5) p = 0.661], height [ 1.65 (1.59 to 1.73) X 1.66 (1.64 - 1.70) X 1.69 (1.64 - 1.72) p = 0.821] and body surface area [1.84 ( 1.58 to 1.98) X 1.75 (1.62 - 2.03) X 1.69 (1.63 to 1.88) p = 0.758]. The GC group compared with the group TX0, had an alteration of the systolic-diastolic function of left ventricle, expressed by increasing the Miocardic Performance Index (IPM), which is more significant for patients in group TX1 [0.38 (0, 29 to 0.44) X 0.47 (0.43 to 0.56) X 0.58 (0.52 to 0.74) p <0.001]. Conclusion: It was shown that the myocardial performance index is increased in transplant patients in the control group and no significant difference between the two groups of transplant patients, so the echocardiogram showed to be taking good accuracy in the detection of systolic-diastolic function of the transplanted heart and was not a reliable method of biopsy substitute for the confident diagnosis of cardiac rejection.
Mestrado
Cirurgia
Mestre em Cirurgia
Parra, Andrelisa Vendrami. "Impacto de fatores sócio-econômicos na sobrevida de pacientes na fila de espera e após transplante cardíaco". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2007. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/25.
Texto completoCardiac transplantation aims at the improvement of survival as well as quality of life of patients with end-stage Chronic Cardiac Failure. Socioeconomic status is believed to have an important role in the success of the surgical procedure. This study, therefore, aimed at identifying the impact of socioeconomic status on survival of patients listed for heart transplantation as well as in cardiac transplant recipients. A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was carried out using data obtained from the medical charts 70 patients treated in the Hospital de Base da Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto. The socioeconomic evaluation was made through the following indicators: monthly income, education, conditions of housing, profession, profession of the family members, presence of caregiver and distance to the hospital. These data are used in the classification for defined stratus: Low Inferior (BI), Low Superior (BS), Inferior Medium (MI), Medium (M), Superior Medium (MS), High (H). Seventy-six per cent of patients on the waiting list for heart transplantation were classified in the low socioeconomic class; 77% of such patients had low educational level, 77% adequate housing, 94% a caregiver, 59% no social insurance after retirement, and 60% received financial support from other nongovernmental entities. Forty-four per cent of patients had a positive serology for Chagas disease. Probability of survival at 100 days of follow up in the waiting list was 68% for Chagas disease and 79% for non-Chagas disease patients (p>0,05). With regard to cardiac transplant recipients, 84% of them were classified in the low socioeconomic class, 73% had low educational level, 75% adequate housing, 93% caregiver, 57% no social insurance after retirement, and 32% had financial support from other nongovernmental entities. Thirty-two cardiac transplant recipients had a positive serology for Chagas disease. Survival probability at 100 days of follow up for cardiac transplant recipients was 62% for Chagas disease and 81% for non-Chagas disease patients (p>0,05). The data obtained in this work demonstrate that socioeconomic status not only has no impact on patients on the waiting list for heart transplantation, but also on outcome of cardiac transplant recipients because patients in the low socioeconomic status had a similar prognosis than patients in the median socioeconomic class. Thus, socioeconomic status has no unfavorable prognosis for both patients on the waiting list as well as for cardiac transplant recipients.
O transplante cardíaco é uma técnica cirúrgica que visa a melhora da qualidade de vida e a sobrevida de pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca Crônica terminal. As variáveis sócio-econômicas têm importante papel no sucesso do procedimento cirúrgico, portanto, objetivou-se identificar através deste estudo o impacto dos fatores sócio-econômicos na sobrevida de pacientes em fila de espera de transplante cardíaco e pós transplante cardíaco. Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo, do tipo coorte longitudinal, utilizando-se os dados obtidos dos prontuários de setenta pacientes tratados no Hospital de Base da Faculdade de Medicina de São Jose do Rio Preto. A avaliação sócioeconômica foi feita através dos indicadores: renda mensal, escolaridade, condições de moradia, profissão, ocupação dos membros da família, presença de cuidador e distância ao hospital. Esses dados são utilizados na classificação: Baixa Inferior (BI), Baixa Superior (BS), Médio Inferior (MI), Médio (M), Médio Superior (MS), Alto (A). Observou-se que 86% dos pacientes em fila de transplante cardíaco pertenciam a classe social baixa, 76% desses pacientes tinham apenas o ensino fundamental, 77% apresentavam moradia adequada, 94% possuíam uma pessoa responsável pelos seus cuidados, 59% não possuíam aposentadoria, 69% recebiam auxílio financeiro. Quarenta e quatro por cento dos pacientes em fila de transplante cardíaco tinham sorologia positiva para a doença de Chagas. A probabilidade de sobrevida aproximadamente 100 dias após a inclusão na fila de transplante cardíaco era de 68% para chagásicos e 79% para não chagásicos (p>0.05). Em relação aos pacientes em pós transplante cardíaco observou-se que 84% dos pacientes pertenciam a classe social baixa, 73% desses pacientes tinham apenas o ensino fundamental, 75% apresentavam moradia adequada, 93% possuíam uma pessoa responsável pelos seus cuidados, 57% não possuíam aposentadoria, 32% recebiam auxílio financeiro. Trinta e seis por cento dos pacientes Nota de Resumo que realizaram o transplante cardíaco tinham sorologia positiva para a doença de Chagas. A probabilidade de sobrevida em aproximadamente 100 dias após o transplante cardíaco era de 62% para chagásicos e 81% para não chagásicos (p>0.05). Os dados obtidos neste trabalham revelam que os fatores sócio-econômicos e culturais não influenciaram na sobrevida dos pacientes em fila de transplante cardíaco, pois os pacientes com status socioeconômico baixo tiveram o prognóstico similar àquele visto nos pacientes no status socioeconômico mediano. Assim, o status socioeconômico baixo não tem impacto desfavorável nem nos doentes na fila de espera como nos receptores de transplante cardíaco.
Ribeiro, Zilma Verçosa de Sá. "O ecocardiograma como preditor de variáveis hemodinâmicas nas cardiopatias congênitas com hipertensão pulmonar e nos candidatos a transplante cardíaco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-29042009-150513/.
Texto completoPulmonary hypertension is defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure of > 25 mmHg registered at rest, during cardiac catheterization. A number of conditions have been demonstrated to cause pulmonary hypertension, including congenital (septal defects) and acquired heart diseases, chronic lung disease, connective-tissue disease, thromboembolic disorders, schistosomosiasis, HIV infection, use of anorexigens, etc. In the absence of all these conditions, a diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension is established. In the specific setting of the cardiac disorders, either increased pulmonary blood flow (congenital cardiac septal defects) or altered pulmonary venous drainage ( left ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction, mitral valve disease, abnormalities of the left atrium) can cause pulmonary vascular abnormalities leading to pulmonary hypertension. Moderate to severe pulmonary vascular abnormalities lead to increased risk of postoperative complications and/or poor long-term outcomes in patients with septal defects undergoing surgical repair or those with cardiomyopathy undergoing heart transplantation. Thus, for these patients, preoperative measurement of pulmonary vascular resistance by cardiac catheterization is mandatory. In general, those with a pulmonary vascular resistance index of > 6 Wood units·m2 (pulmonary to systemic vascular resistance ratio of > 0,3) are not assigned to operation. In the last decades, there has been growing interest on the development of noninvasive methods/parameters that could allow for decision about the therapeutic strategies without cardiac catheterization. In this way, several parameters derived from Doppler-echocardiographic analysis or magnetic resonance has been used to predict hemodynamic data. In the present study, we used echocardiographic parameters to determine which patients with congenital cardiac septal defects or cardiomyopathy could theoretically be assigned to surgical treatments without catheterization. In order to correlate echocardiographic information with data derived from cardiac catheterization, both procedures were carried out simultaneously. Catheterization was performed as part of the routine evaluation, not specifically for research purposes. Thirty consecutive patients with congenital septal defects (aged 0,41 to 58,2 years) and 23 consecutive patients with cardiomyopathy (aged 0,40 to 15 years) were enrolled Doppler-echocardiographic evaluation consisted of flow analysis at the right and left ventricular outflow tract and pulmonary vein. The following parameters were recorded: right ventricular ejection time (RVET), acceleration time (AcT); right ventricular pre-ejection period (RVPEP); velocity time integral of the right ventricular systolic flow (VTIRVOT); velocity time integral of pulmonary venous flow (VTIPV); indexes involving these variables (AcT/RVET, RVPEP/RVET, RVPEP/VTIRVOT); pulmonary to systemic blood flow ratio (Qp/Qs). The parameters derived from cardiac catheterization included pulmonary and systemic pressures, blood flow and vascular resistance. Blood flow and vascular resistance were expressed as ratios Qp/Qs and PVR/SVR, respectively pulmonary to systemic blood flow and vascular resistance ratios). In patients with congenital septal defects, a Qp/Qs of 2,89 by Doppler-echocardiographic analysis was predictive of Qp/Qs > 3,0 by cardiac catheterization, with specificity > 0.78. For values of 4.0 (echocardiography), the specificity was > 0.91. A VTIRVOT of 22 cm or VTIPV 20 cm could predict PVR/SVR ratios 0.1 with specificity > 0.81. For values of 27 cm and 24 cm respectively, the specificity was > 0.93. In patients with cardiomyopathy, a AcT of 95 msec was predictive of PVR/SVR 0.1 with specificity > 0.85. Doppler-echocardiographic parameters could not predict absolute values of hemodynamic variables with acceptable accuracy. Based on these results we conclude that Doppler-echocardiographic analysis can be used to identify patients with low levels of pulmonary vascular resistance (those with septal defects or cardiomyopathy) and increased pulmonary blood flow (septal defects).These patients could be safely assigned surgical treatments with no need for invasive evaluation. In view of the relatively low levels of sensitivity that we observed (< 0.65), some patients with favourable pulmonary hemodynamics would still be assigned to catheterization in case of adoption of the cut-off levels used in the study. Prediction of absolute values of hemodynamic parameters was not considered sufficiently accurate for decision making. Further studies are obviously necessary to evaluate long-term outcomes in patients treated on the basis of noninvasive evaluation only.
Branco, Klébia Magalhães Pereira Castello. "Análise clínica evolutiva do uso do tacrolimus como droga imunossupressora em transplante cardíaco pediátrico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-24052011-163915/.
Texto completoTacrolimus is a potent calcineurin inhibitor that was introduced in heart transplantation therapy in the early 1990s. Organ transplant recipients with refractory rejection or intolerance to conventional immunosuppressant may respond to rescue therapy with tacrolimus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of children undergoing heart transplantation who required conversion from a cyclosporine to a tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive regimen due to refractory rejection, late rejection or cyclosporine intolerance. We performed a prospective observational cohort study in 28 children who underwent cardiac transplantation at the Heart Institute (InCor) University of São Paulo Medical School and who required conversion from July 1999 to December 2009. The clinical outcome of the patients was evaluated after tacrolimus conversion. We also compared the patients on tacrolimus to the patients who remained on cyclosporine, and who had undergone heart transplantation during the same period. The mean age at the time of transplantation was 5.3 years and 8.2 years at the time of conversion. The causes of conversion were adverse side effects in 50% of patients, late rejection in 32% and refractory rejection in 18%. The mean time from heart transplant to conversion was 36 months and the mean follow-up period was 74 months. We observed complete resolution of refractory rejection episodes and adverse side effects in all patients. The incidence rate (x100) of rejection episodes before and after conversion was 7.98 and 2.11, respectively (p = <0.0001). The rate of infectious episodes before conversion was 5.89 and after conversion was 4.18 (p = 0.023). There was no statistically significant difference in relation to tumor, renal failure requiring dialysis, systemic arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, gallstones, diabetes mellitus, anemia, neurological complications, hirsutism and gingival hyperplasia after conversion. A significant incidence of cardiac allograft vasculopathy after conversion to tacrolimus was found (p = 0.004). When comparing patients on tacrolimus to patients on cyclosporine, there was a significant decrease in the incidence of rejection (p = 0.001), and infectious episodes (p = 0.002) in patients using tacrolimus. Patients converted to tacrolimus when compared to patients on cyclosporine had lower neurological complications, hirsutism and gingival hyperplasia, but higher prevalence of anemia. There was a 25% mortality rate in patients using tacrolimus after a mean period of 60 months after conversion. Three deaths were secondary to rejection, and only one in the first year after transplant. Patients using tacrolimus showed greater survival rate when compared to patients taking cyclosporine. The clinical outcome of children undergoing heart transplantation and who required conversion of immunosuppressive regimen allowed us to conclude that tacrolimus is effective as rescue therapy for refractory rejection and is a therapeutic option in pediatric patients
Rey, Nei Antonio. "Estudo experimental comparativo do enxerto homólogo pulmonar tratado pelo processo L-Hydro com o homoenxerto pulmonar a fresco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-17122008-113842/.
Texto completoValve substitutes are highly important in account of their frequent use and since the success of a surgical procedure depends on their good performance. A variety of valve substitutes have been used, all presenting complications pertaining to their materials, such as thrombosis, calcification, degeneration, sterilization difficulties, cost, production complexity, etc. In an effort to make available homografts preserved in a simpler and less costly way, we evaluated a new preservation form using polyethyleneglycol, the LHydro method. This method consists in the controlled extraction of antigenic substances and the incorporation of an anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic agent. We substituted the pulmonary trunk in ten ovines, seven received LHydro treated pulmonary homografts and three received pulmonary homografts fresco, orthotopically implanted and followed-up for 320 days. Ovines where evaluated by means of laboratory tests and echocardiographic exams. At the end of the 320 days, they were euthanized, and hemodynamic, radiology, macroscopic, optic and electronic microscopic, scanning and transmission evaluations were performed. Results were analyzed by Student t test of independent samples for continuous data, by variance analysis of repeated measures, and by Fischer exact test for categorical data. We couldnt establish relevant differences in clinical evolution and laboratory tests between both groups. Echocardiogram revealed a difference in the pulmonary medium gradient, which was significant at the 10 months followup, higher in the control group than in the L-Hydro group. Radiologic and macroscopic evaluations didnt established differences. In the optic and electronic microscopic evaluation, liner and interstitial cells were equally found in both groups. The cell liner percent calculated in both groups was similar. Cellularity nodules were observed only in the homograft fresco group. In conclusion, these data indicate that both groups presented similar clinical and hemodynamic performances. The L-Hydro groups echocardiogram presented a better performance. It also presented histological evidences of interstitial and endothelial cell repopulation. In the macro and optic and electronic microscopic analysis, group L-Hydro presented macroscopy, histological structure and ultra-structural similar to the homograft fresco group, with the exception of nodules with higher interstitial cellularity, present only in the homograft fresco group.
Marcelino, César Augusto Guimarães. "Efetividade de intervenções para o manejo da adesão ao tratamento para pacientes adultos submetidos ao transplante cardíaco: uma revisão sistemática". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-19092013-154242/.
Texto completoIntroduction: Treatment adherence failure is a limiting factor for effective heart transplants, as it contributes with increased morbidity and mortality and a reduced quality of life in addition to increasing health service costs. Objective: To synthesize the best available evidence regarding interventions for managing adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments in heart transplant patients. Method: Systematic literature review by searching published and unpublished studies on the following databases: CINAHL, EMBASE, ProQuest dissertations and theses, PsycINFO, MEDLINE/Pubmed, SCOPUS, Web of Science and the Capes Thesis database. The inclusion criteria were: clinical studies with adult heart transplant patients, which tested the impact of any intervention over treatment adherence, evaluated objectively or through self-reports, using validated and reliable instruments, compared to common care. Two independent raters assessed the methodological quality of the eligible studies and any disagreements were solved by consensus. The results were integrated in a narrative form. Results: A total of 2.519 potentially relevant statements were identified. Of the total, 1.336 were repeated, and, therefore, excluded. The abstracts of the remaining 1.183 statements were read and, after considering the inclusion criteria, seven publications were analyzed in terms of their methodological quality. Four studies were excluded mainly because they did not present an evaluation of the intervention (two studies), one was a theoretical study, and one study was not center the investigation on treatment adherence. On of the selected studies did not find any difference between the educational intervention performed in a teaching laboratory compared to common care; another study also did not find any difference between one multiple intervention, comprised of online interactive workshops, compared to common care; and the third study found a positive impact from reducing the immunosuppressant dose from twice to once a day. Regarding the method, there were two non-randomized clinical trials and one descriptive/observational study. Conclusions: The current best evidence to guide decisions regarding interventions to manage treatment adherence of heart transplant patients remain scant. Randomized clinical trials with high methodological rigor are key to obtain more robust evidence regarding treatment adherence management in heart transplants.
Neto, João David de Souza. "Avaliação do índice de rigidez arterial em pacientes transplantados de coração, hipertensos e não hipertensos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-06012016-111038/.
Texto completoHypertension post cardiac transplant is frequent and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and graft dysfunction, being reported because of the use of immunosuppressant, especially the calcineurin inhibitors. This study aims to evaluate the impact of hypertension on the arterial stiffness calculated using the IARA as surrogate outcome obtained by the Home Blood Pressure Monitoring in heart transplanted patients. This is an observational study, analytical, with the control group, in Heart and Lung Messejana´s Hospital, a public institution in the State of Ceará, which is specialized in cardiopulmonary diseases and especially in heart transplant, with adult patients cardiac transplanted, which underwent clinical and complementary exams, from which were obtained the IARA. Statistical significance tests and logistic regression to control for confounding were performed. The average age of transplanted was 55 years, against 48 of the non-transplanted. Hypertension was more frequent in prior not transplanted, but diabetes and coronary artery disease were more frequent in transplanted. The average diastolic of transplanted (82) is significantly higher than the non-transplanted (74) and decrease systolic is virtually nonexistent in transplant patients (-0.18) than in the control group (9.45). The condition of the transplanted patient is not determinant of arterial stiffness (p = 0.105), but are the systolic hypertension in the first evaluation, the average systolic, diastolic average in 12:0 am 12:0 am, systolic, diastolic descent and the IARA (parameters of the HBPM). This study showed that in a group of adult cardiac transplanted, hypertension is independently associated with arterial stiffness estimated by IARA, which is a new method, non-invasive, easy to perform and inexpensive. The evidence demonstrated by this study may assist in treatment of transplanted patients, contributing to improving the prognosis
Contreras, Carlos Alberto Mendez. "Efeito da nanoemulsão lipídica associada a paclitaxel na prevenção da doença vascular do coração transplantado. Estudo experimental em coelhos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-25082010-154450/.
Texto completoIntroduction: Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy (CAV), a process involving factors of inflammatory and proliferative nature, is the leading cause of death after heart transplantation (HT), with incidence above 50% after the fifth year. It is possible that pharmacological intervention on these factors may result in inhibiting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and improves the CAV. Thus, in previous studies of this institution, paclitaxel, an antiproliferative agent used in cancer treatment, was able to recede the atheromatous lesions in rabbits with atherosclerosis induced by high cholesterol diet. In that study, paclitaxel was concentrated in the lesions using a lipid nanoparticle, similar to low density lipoprotein (LDL) but without the protein part, called LDE. Given the difficulties of the treatment of CAV in HT patients and the great importance of this disease to the success of the procedure, new therapeutic alternatives must be sought, and the use of paclitaxel associated to LDE can be an interesting route, given that the bases inflammatory and proliferation of CAV are similar to those of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, where the LDE-paclitaxel was efficient. Objectives: To determine whether treatment with LDE-paclitaxel reduces the incidence and degree of CAV in rabbits undergoing heterotopic heart transplantation. To analyze the biodistribution of LDE in rabbits undergoing heterotopic heart transplantation. Methods: Heterotopic HT in cervical position was performed using 21 New Zealand red rabbits as donors and 21 white rabbits as recipients (weight ± 3 kg). The receptors rabbits were fed regular chow with added 0.5% cholesterol and with cyclosporine A, 10 mg / kg / day orally as immunosuppressants. They were divided into two groups: one consisting of 11 animals was treated with LDE-paclitaxel at a dose of 4 mg / kg / week for 6 weeks intravenously. The other group (control) was composed of 10 animals treated with 3 ml of saline intravenously weekly for six weeks. The biodistribution of LDE was determined in four control animals, by injecting the LDE labeled with radioactive cholesteryl ether 24 h before sacrifice, followed by radioactivity count in the hearts and other tissues after lipid extraction. After sacrificing the animals, we excised the native and transplanted hearts for histological staining with H / E and Verhoeff-van Gieson. The cross-sectional area of the coronary arteries was estimated by measuring the internal elastic lamina and the lumen area. The percentage of stenosis was calculated from the difference between the area of the vessel lumen and the area of internal elastic lamina. Statistical analysis with ANOVA and T test with p value <= 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The uptake of LDE for the transplanted heart was almost fourfold higher than in the native heart (p<=0.0001). In animals treated with LDE-paclitaxel, there was a dramatic improvement in the status of the coronary arteries of the transplanted hearts, indicating by a marked increase of three times of the vascular lumen area (p<=0.031) and reduction of stenosis in 45% (p<=0.0008). Conclusions: The LDE is able to concentrate on the transplanted heart, which enables the targeting of paclitaxel to the graft. Treatment with LDE-paclitaxel markedly reduced CAV in the transplanted heart, which may open a new perspective for control of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy.
Barbieri, Lucas Regatieri. "Uso de nanoemulsões lipídicas como veículos de paclitaxel e de metotrexato no tratamento da doença vascular do coração transplantado em coelhos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-24102016-162520/.
Texto completoBackground: Coronary allograft vasculopathy is an inflammatory-proliferative process that compromises the long-term success of heart transplantation and currently has no effective prevention and treatment. A lipid nanoemulsion (LDE) can carry chemotherapeutic agentsin the circulation and concentrates them in the heart graft in rabbits. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of paclitaxel (PACLI) binded tire parentesis to LDE, methotrexate (MTX) binded to LDE and the association of both particles in transplanted heart. Methods: Twenty eight rabbits fed 0,5% cholesterol diet and submitted to heterotopic heart transplantation were treated with cyclosporine A (10mg/kg/daily orally) and allocated to four groups of 7 animals. One group was treated with intravenous LDE-MTX (4mg/kg B.W., weekly); a second with LDE-paclitaxel, the third one with association of LDE-PACLI with LDE-MTX and the control group received only weekly intravenous saline solution. Animals were sacrificed 6 weeks later for morphometric, histological, immunohistochemical and gene expression analysis of the graft and native hearts. Results: Compared to controls, grafts of LDE-PACLI treated rabbits showed 50%reduction of coronary stenosis and in the LDE-MTX and LDE-MTX/PACLIstenosiswas around 18% less than control but this difference was not statistically significant. In the 3 treatment groups macrophage infiltration was decreased. In LDE-MTX group, gene expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-?, MCP-1, IL-18 and VCAM-1, and MMP-12 was strongly diminished whereas expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10 increased. In the other two treatment, groups (LDE-PACLI and LDE-PACLI/MTX) there was not a consistent influence in pro and anti-inflammatory gene expression. Conclusions: LDE-PACLI promoted strong improvement of the cardiac allograft vasculopathy. LDE- MTX and LDE -MTX/PACLI decreased coronary stenosis but without statistic significance. Macrophage infiltration was decrease in the three treatment groups. This new preparation maybe candidate for future clinical trials
Candia, Roberto. "A doença vascular do enxerto diagnosticada pela tomografia computadorizada de múltiplos detectores como preditora de eventos maiores em pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/98/98131/tde-15072014-101449/.
Texto completoCongestive heart failure (CHD) is a condition characterized by the heart inot meeting the body oxygen demands. For end-stage CHD, refractory to medical treatment, heart transplant is a lifesaver treatment, but its late results may suffer a negative impact if there is allograft vasculopathy, the main reason of late adverse outcome in this population. This condition is is characterized by accelarated atherosclerosis with concentric disease predominant at the mid and distal segments of the coronary arteries. Ischemic symptoms seldom happen for the heart is denervated, and thus, it would be highly desirable to possess a test that could accuratelly foretell the presence of such abnormality. Furthermore, a possible gold standard, invasive coronary angiography (ICA) has been show to lack sensivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate if multidetector computed tomography( MDCT) could identify and thus to predict patients at higher risk of presenting late adverse events. Major events were considered as: sudden cardiac death (SCD), Hear attack, angioplasty, left ventricle impairment and retransplant. Consulting medical records we selected 59 heart transplant patients that underwent MDCT at least 7 years by clinical discretion. Mean age at the time of the exam was 49 ± 11.36 years. Mean post heart transplantantion time was 82.67 ± 36.38 months. Hypertension (HAS) prevalence was 59,32%, hyperlipidemia 57,63% and diabetes was 33,90%. Main pre-transplant CHD cause was ischemic heart disease in 38,98%, followed by Chaga\'s disease, 33.90% and idiopathic dilated cardiomyoapthy. We had 41 patients that also underwent ICA. Comparing both methods we found that MDCT had a sensibility of 100%, a specificity of 77,27%, a positive preditive value of 46,34% and a negative preditive value of 100%. The diagnosis of CAV done by MDCT was a predictor of major events at the follow-up (p=0,001). Other predictors that achieved statistical significance were positive calcium score (p<0,05), class functional (p<0,001) and dilated cardimyopathy dilated as the CHD cause (p=0,027). So we conclude that MDCT has a good accuracy on the diagnosis of CAV, and is a predictor of adverse events. Higher than zero calcium score, lower functional class and dilated cardiomyopathy also related to patient\'s follow-up.
Silva, Daniele Vieira. "Efeito da terapia oral combinada com probióticos, Hsp65 e aloantígenos do doador no transplante de pele murino". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5146/tde-01032017-133659/.
Texto completoDespite the success of clinical transplantation, the significant side effects induced by immunosupressants used to prevent and treat rejection, indicate the need for novel immunoregulatory therapies. The oral route has been effective in inducing immunoregulation in several experimental models, mostly in pathological autoimmunity. Heat Shock protein 60/65 (Hsp) displays great immunotherapeutic potential due to its capacity to induce both pro-inflammatory and immunregulatory responses. We tested whether oral therapy with the probiotic Lactococcus lactis that expresses Hsp65, in combination with donor alloantigens (Donor-Allo-Ag), acted synergically, inducing immunotolerance or increasing graft survival, in a murine model of semiallogeneic skin transplantation. We tested different oral therapy combinations, as well as the association with a COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (celecoxib). Skin transplantation was performed 10 days after the last oral administration of probiotics and Donor-Allo-Ag. We observed no beneficial effect on graft survival in the group that received L.lactis that produce Hsp65, alone or in combination with Donor-Allo-Ag/and/or the anti-inflammatory drug. In contrast, combined oral therapy with wild type L.lactis and Donor-Allo-Ag significantly prolonged graft survival (p=0.01), in comparison to non-treated animals. In this prolonged-survival group (L.lactis and Donor-Allo-Ag), we also found higher extension of preserved epithelium (p=0.02) and higher expression of TGF-beta (p=0.04), within the graft, in comparison to non-treated animals. We found no significant differences in the intragraft expression of FOXP3 and IL-17, which was essentially absent or very low. We conclude that Hsp65 did not induce immunoregulatory effects capable of prolonging graft survival. However, the microbiota manipulation with the combined oral therapy with wild type L.lactis and Donor-Allo-Ag, prior to transplantation, induce immunoregulatory mechanisms capable of partially controlling the inflammatory responses to the graft, most likely involving the participation of TGF-beta
Morais, Lúcio Kenny. "Efeito do pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto no transplante ortotópico de fígado de doadores em parada cardíaca. Estudo experimental em suínos". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8061.
Texto completoApproved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-12-19T12:09:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lúcio Kenny Morais - 2012.pdf: 9402569 bytes, checksum: 89e112868051e02f9a662b75b5fff235 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-19T12:09:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lúcio Kenny Morais - 2012.pdf: 9402569 bytes, checksum: 89e112868051e02f9a662b75b5fff235 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-27
Introduction: Improved liver function from non-heart-beating donors seems to be related to short periods of warm ischemia; hence ischemia-reperfusion injury is a critical unsolved issue. Remote Ischemic preconditioning (PC) has been shown to protect the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury. However little is known about the usefulness of ischemic precondition as a strategy to improve tolerance of non-heart-beating liver grafts to warm ischemia. Therefore we designed an experimental study aiming the effects of ischemic preconditioning on liver transplantation from non-heart-beating donors. Methods: Protocol was approved by Federal University of Goias Ethics Committee. Twentyfour Landrace pigs were assigned into 4 groups: I: after cardiac arrest livers were procured and transplanted; II: after PC and cardiac arrest livers were procured and transplanted; III: after PC and cardiac arrest, a 15 minutes period of warm ischemia was observed before livers were procured and transplanted; IV: after PC and cardiac arrest, a 30 minutes period of warm ischemia was observed before livers were procured and transplanted. Donors: cardiac arrest was obtained by ligation of coronary arteries and interruption of ventilation. PC (10` x 10`) and warm ischemia waiting time were observed accordingly. Livers were flushed with 4°C HTK solution cooled and procured. Recipients: standard technique was used. After one hour of reperfusion, blood and liver samples were collected and euthanasia was carried out. Non-parametrical statistical tests were applied. Results were expressed as medians. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: AST, ALT, lactic acid and factor V levels were similar for the different studied groups by the end of one hour of reperfusion. A trend towards a deteriorated liver function was observed in group IV. When histological variables were addressed, vacuolization of hepatocytes and cell dropout scores were similar in all groups. Congestion score, vacuolization of hepatocytes and cell dropout scores tended to be higher in animals from group IV, but with no statistical significance. Conclusions: Remote ischemic preconditioning showed no benefits to liver grafts from nonheart- beating donors. Even though it did not result in benefits, no prejudice could be noticed in this research, as well.
Introdução: A melhora na função hepática em doadores de coração parado parece estar relacionada a curtos períodos de isquemia normotérmica, logo a lesão de isquemia e reperfusão é uma questão crucial não resolvida. O pré-condicionamento isquémico remoto (PC), promove proteção ao fígado da lesão de isquemia e reperfusão. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a utilidade do PC como uma estratégia para melhorar a tolerância de enxertos de doadores em parada cardíaca frente à isquemia normotérmica. Portanto, foi desenvolvido um estudo experimental visando os efeitos do pré-condicionamento isquêmico no transplante de fígado de doadores em parada cardíaca.Métodos: O protocolo do estudo foi aprovado na Universidade Federal de Goiás pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Vinte e quatro suínos da raça Landrace foram divididos em 4 grupos: I: após parada cardíaca, o fígado foi captado e transplantado; II: após o PC, promoveu-se a parada cardíaca, seguida de captação e transplante hepático; III: após o PC, promoveu-se a parada cardíaca, seguida de um período de 15 minutos de isquemia normotérmica, com captação e transplante hepático em seguida; IV: após o PC, promoveu-se a parada cardíaca, seguida de um período de 30 minutos de isquemia normotérmica, com captação e transplante hepático em seguida. Nos doadores, a parada cardíaca foi obtida pela ligadura das artérias coronárias e interrupção do suporte ventilatório. O PC (10 'x 10') e o tempo de isquemia normotérmica foram observados em conformidade com a padronização. O fígado foi perfundido com solução HTK resfriada a 4 ° C e posteriormente captado. Para o receptor foi utilizada a técnica padrão. Após uma hora de reperfusão, amostras de sangue e de tecido hepático foram coletadas, seguida da realização da eutanásia. Foram aplicados testes estatísticos não-paramétricos. Os resultados foram expressos em medianas. O valor de p <0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. Resultados: Os valores encontrados de AST, ALT, lactato e fator V foram semelhantes para os diferentes grupos estudados até o fim do experimento. No entanto, foi observado uma tendência para piora da função hepática no grupo IV. Em relação às variáveis histológicas, a vacuolização dos hepatócitos e a desestruturação celular foram semelhantes em todos os grupos; houve uma tendência de aumento da congestão no grupo IV, sem significância estatística. Conclusões: O pré-condicionamento isquêmico remoto não mostrou benefício para enxertos de fígado de parada cardíaca. Mesmo que o PC não tenha promovido benefícios nesta pesquisa, também não foram observados danos.
Garlipp, Veridiana Moraes D'Avila Damas. "Efeito agudo do inibidor da fosfodiesterase tipo 5 (sildenafil) na pressão sanguínea arterial durante e após exercício em pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-01022010-165941/.
Texto completoBackground: Systemic hypertension (SH) can be associated with a decrease in endothelium-dependent nitric oxide (NO). Sildenafil determines increment in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) that a mediator of NO. However, little is known about the effects of PDE5 inhibition on 24-hour ambulatory (ABP) and exercise blood pressure, noreprinephrine (Nor) and exercise capacity, specially after heart transplantation (HT). Methods: We studied 22 HT pts that on the 1st day underwent a cardiopulmonary (CP) self-controlled treadmill 6walk test(6) and, after, an ECG monitored CP treadmill maximal exercise test(Ex) within 60 and 90 min after oral Sildenafil (Sil,50mg) or placebo(Pl) given at random, and ABP. We determined at basal position(b), last min of 6 and the peak Ex the HR(bpm), SBP and DBP (mmHg), VO2(ml/kg/min), Slope VE/VCO2, exercise time(ET, min), distance(D, Km) and Nor(pg/ml). Also, after CP tests 24-h SBP and DBP were monitored. It was repeated on the 2nd day when the cross-over was done. Seventeen pts had SH. Results: (Pl and Sil respectively), Sil reduced (p<0.05): b- SBP(138±7 vs 122±18); b-DBP(83±12 vs 78±12); 6-SBP(156± 20 vs 137± 22); 6-DBP(82±13 vs 77±14); Ex-SBP(155± 27vs 124±36); Ex-DBP(79±16 vs 66± 16); 24-h SBP(121±10 vs 114±9) and DBP(80±6 vs 76±5), daytime SBP(122±11 vs 115±9) and DBP(81± 6 vs 76±5) and nighttime SBP(119±12 vs 112±10) and DBP(78±7 vs 73±8); and increase b-Nor(483±165 vs 622±211). Sil did not change in b, 6 and EX; HR, Nor, VO2 and Slope. Conclusion: NO-cGMP pathway seems to play a role in blood pressure control in HT. The PDE5 inhibition could have potential beneficial effects on hypertensive HT in addition to antihypertensive therapy.
Castro, Rafael Ertner. "Efeito agudo do exercício físico em piscina aquecida versus em solo sobre a pressão arterial e variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em indivíduos transplantados cardíacos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-11012016-143602/.
Texto completoHeart transplantation (TX) is a recognized procedure of choice for refractory heart failure, resulting in improvement in symptoms and quality of life of patients. However, these patients have reduced physical capacity and high prevalence of comorbidities. Immunosuppressive therapy and post-surgery cardiac denervation make systemic hypertension (SH) the most prevalent comorbiditie. We evaluated the acute effect of aerobic heated water-based exercise and land-based exercise on the dynamic tension behavior in blood pressure for 24 hours (24-h ABP) and autonomic activity of the heart. Eighteen patients (6 females) clinically stable (5 ± 0.7 years of surgery), 45.7 ± 2.7 years old, underwent 30 minutes of aerobic exercise in the swimming pool, aerobic exercise on a treadmill (land) or non-exercise control (control) in random order (2-5 days between each session). Exercise intensity was set at 11-13 in the 6-20 rating of perceived exertion scale. We evaluated the heart rate variability (HRV) at the beginning, right after exercise and during the recovery phase, and the 24-h ABP after each session. After water-based exercise, significant reductions were observed in relation to the control session on hourly average systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the first three hours (15h = 12.2 ± 3.1 mmHg, p = 0.004; 16h = 11.1 ± 2.8 mmHg, p = 0.003; 17h = 12.3 ± 3.1 mmHg, p = 0.003) and after the seventh time (21h = 7.8 ± 1.7 mmHg, p = 0.001) analysis, and the daily averages (4 ± 1.6 mmHg, p = 0.02) and hourly average diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the first (15h = 7.7 ± 2.8 mmHg, p = 0.04) and seventh hours ( 21h = 6.6 ± 1.5 mmHg, p = 0.002). After land-based exercise significant reductions were observed when compared to control session in the hourly averages of SBP during the second (16h = 5.3 ± 1.6 mmHg, p = 0.01), third (17h = 7.3 ± 2 , 3 mm Hg, p = 0.02) and twenty-first time (= 11h 7.8 ± 1.7 mmHg, p = 0.02) and in hourly averages DBP during the second (= 16h 5.0 ± 1 7 mm Hg, p = 0.04), the twenty-first (11h = 8.3 ± 2.5 mmHg, p = 0.01) and twenty fourth hour (14h = 6.9 ± 2.4 mmHg, p = 0 03) analysis. HRV showed no significant difference in any of exercise interventions. Therefore, both exercise sessions promoted similar reductions in ambulatory blood pressure of post-TX patients, suggesting that they can be an important tool to counteract hypertension in this high-risk population
Moura, Rafael de Deus. "Câncer de mama em mulheres muito jovens: estudo clinicopatológico de 149 pacientes ≤25 anos de idade". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5144/tde-06012016-134015/.
Texto completoHeart transplantation (TX) is a recognized procedure of choice for refractory heart failure, resulting in improvement in symptoms and quality of life of patients. However, these patients have reduced physical capacity and high prevalence of comorbidities. Immunosuppressive therapy and post-surgery cardiac denervation make systemic hypertension (SH) the most prevalent comorbiditie. We evaluated the acute effect of aerobic heated water-based exercise and land-based exercise on the dynamic tension behavior in blood pressure for 24 hours (24-h ABP) and autonomic activity of the heart. Eighteen patients (6 females) clinically stable (5 ± 0.7 years of surgery), 45.7 ± 2.7 years old, underwent 30 minutes of aerobic exercise in the swimming pool, aerobic exercise on a treadmill (land) or non-exercise control (control) in random order (2-5 days between each session). Exercise intensity was set at 11-13 in the 6-20 rating of perceived exertion scale. We evaluated the heart rate variability (HRV) at the beginning, right after exercise and during the recovery phase, and the 24-h ABP after each session. After water-based exercise, significant reductions were observed in relation to the control session on hourly average systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the first three hours (15h = 12.2 ± 3.1 mmHg, p = 0.004; 16h = 11.1 ± 2.8 mmHg, p = 0.003; 17h = 12.3 ± 3.1 mmHg, p = 0.003) and after the seventh time (21h = 7.8 ± 1.7 mmHg, p = 0.001) analysis, and the daily averages (4 ± 1.6 mmHg, p = 0.02) and hourly average diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the first (15h = 7.7 ± 2.8 mmHg, p = 0.04) and seventh hours ( 21h = 6.6 ± 1.5 mmHg, p = 0.002). After land-based exercise significant reductions were observed when compared to control session in the hourly averages of SBP during the second (16h = 5.3 ± 1.6 mmHg, p = 0.01), third (17h = 7.3 ± 2 , 3 mm Hg, p = 0.02) and twenty-first time (= 11h 7.8 ± 1.7 mmHg, p = 0.02) and in hourly averages DBP during the second (= 16h 5.0 ± 1 7 mm Hg, p = 0.04), the twenty-first (11h = 8.3 ± 2.5 mmHg, p = 0.01) and twenty fourth hour (14h = 6.9 ± 2.4 mmHg, p = 0 03) analysis. HRV showed no significant difference in any of exercise interventions. Therefore, both exercise sessions promoted similar reductions in ambulatory blood pressure of post-TX patients, suggesting that they can be an important tool to counteract hypertension in this high-risk population
Dib, Jorge Adas. "Determinantes progn?sticos de pacientes portadores de insufici?ncia card?aca cr?nica secund?ria ? cardiomiopatia da doen?a de Chagas na lista de espera para transplante card?aco". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2008. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/45.
Texto completoNo previous study has addressed the question of prognostic determinants for patients with Chagas? cardiomyopathy at the terminal stage listed for heart transplantation. Casuistic and Method: All patients listed for heart transplantation at our institution from August, 2000 to March, 2005 were considered for the study. Patients removed from the waiting list for clinical status improvement were excluded from the investigation. Patients were followed until death, cardiac transplantation or the end of the study period. Cardiac transplant recipients were censored at the time of transplantation. No patient was lost to follow up. A Cox regression hazards model was used to establish independent predictors of all-cause mortality. Variables previously demonstrated to predict mortality in either Chagas or non-Chagas? disease heart failure were entered the univariate analysis. Separate analyses were performed for Chagas and non-Chagas? disease patients. Results: Median follow up was 32 (15,121) days in Chagas disease and 79 (14,151) days in non-Chagas? disease patients. In Chagas disease patients, the hemodynamic instability (p=0.01; hazard ratio=0,077, 95% confidence interval, 0.01 to 0.58) as well as the transpulmonary gradient (p=0.02; hazard ratio=1.15, 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.30) were retained as independent predictors of all-cause mortality. Serum sodium levels (p=0.002; hazard ratio=0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.71 to 0.93) was independent predictor of all-cause mortality for non-Chagas? disease patients. Conclusion: The hemodynamic instability and transpulmonary gradient were independent predictors of all-cause mortality for Chagas? disease patients listed for heart transplantation. A larger, prospective cohort study is needed to validate our findings.
At? agora nenhum estudo preocupou-se em estabelecer determinantes progn?sticos para pacientes com insufici?ncia card?aca cr?nica terminal secund?ria ? cardiomiopatia da doen?a de Chagas na fila de espera para transplante card?aco. Casu?stica e M?todo: Todos os pacientes alocados em fila de espera de transplante card?aco em nossa institui??o, de agosto de 2000 a mar?o de 2005, foram inicialmente considerados para o estudo. Os pacientes que foram removidos da lista de espera em virtude de melhora no estado cl?nico foram retirados do estudo. Os pacientes foram acompanhados at? a morte, transplante card?aco ou a data final estipulada para o estudo. Os pacientes receptores de transplante de cora??o foram retirados do estudo na data em que o ato operat?rio ocorreu. N?o se perdeu contato com os pacientes durante o acompanhamento cl?nico enquanto na fila de espera de transplante card?aco. O modelo de an?lise de riscos proporcionais de Cox foi utilizado para se estabelecer vari?veis de predi??o independentes de mortalidade geral. As vari?veis que eram capazes de predizer mortalidade geral em pacientes com insufici?ncia card?aca cr?nica secund?ria ? cardiomiopatia da doen?a de Chagas ou a outras cardiomiopatias foram utilizadas no modelo univariado. An?lises univariadas foram feitas nos pacientes chag?sicos e n?o chag?sicos separadamente. Resultados: A mediana do tempo de acompanhamento cl?nico foi 32 (15, 121) dias nos pacientes chag?sicos e 79 (14, 151) dias nos pacientes n?o chag?sicos. Nos pacientes chag?sicos, a instabilidade hemodin?mica (p=0,01; raz?o de risco=0,077, intervalo de confian?a de 95% entre 0,01 e 0,58) e o gradiente transpulmonar (p=0,02; raz?o de risco =1,15, intervalo de confian?a de 95% entre 1,02 e 1,30) foram as vari?veis de predi??o independentes de mortalidade geral. Os n?veis s?ricos de s?dio (p=0,002; raz?o de risco =0,81; intervalo de confian?a de 95% entre 0,71 e 0,93) foi a vari?vel de predi??o independente para os pacientes n?o chag?sicos na fila de espera para transplante card?aco. Conclus?es: A instabilidade hemodin?mica e o gradiente transpulmonar foram preditores independentes de mortalidade geral em pacientes com insufici?ncia card?aca cr?nica secund?ria ? cardiomiopatia da doen?a de Chagas na lista de espera para transplante card?aco. Um estudo prospectivo de coorte longitudinal ? necess?rio para validar os resultados obtidos nesta investiga??o.
Wang, Hui Tzu Lin. "Autorreatividade humoral a peptídeos da miosina cardíaca e proteína de choque térmico 60: estudo sequencial em pacientes transplantados cardíacos e indivíduos sadios". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5146/tde-28092009-165431/.
Texto completoThe immune response directed to self antigens can contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, autoimmunity may also have an immunoregulatory role in allograft rejection and in other inflammatory processes. We analyzed IgG and IgM autoantibodies reactive to peptides from the human cardiac myosin (CM) and the heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) in the sera of healthy individuals (HI, n=30, 3 time points with 6 month intervals) and heart transplant individuals (Tx, n=65, >2 samples/individual, from different Tx periods: pre-Tx, T1: <1 year post-Tx, T2: 1 to 5 years and T3: >5 years), by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). All subjects from both groups had IgG or IgM antibodies that recognized at least one of peptides studied. The numbers of peptides recognized by IgG antibodies was higher in the Tx group than in the HI, for CM (12.2 ± 8.5, range: 132 peptides versus 5.2 ± 3.0, range: 014 peptides; p <0.0001) and for Hsp60 (6.0 ± 4.4, range: 0-18 peptides versus 3.9 ± 3.0, range: 012 peptides; p=0.0208). The frequency of individuals displaying IgG antibodies was higher in the Tx group than in HI (p<0.05), for both CM and Hsp60. In contrast, the frequency of individuals with IgM antibodies was higher in HI than in the Tx group (p<0.05), mainly for CM. The Tx individuals recognized all CM peptides, including those not recognized by healthy individuals (S2: 19, 21, 22, 25, 27, e 29). Time variability of humoral autoimmunity directed to peptides of both antigens was higher in the Tx group (p<0,001), indicating a more stable profile in the physiologic state. In the Tx group, the frequency of individuals with IgG autoantibodies and the number of peptides recognized were higher in the pre-Tx and T1 periods and during rejection (p<0.05). In contrast, for IgM antibodies, the frequency of individuals and the number of peptides recognized were higher in the T1, T2 and in the period with no rejection (p<0.05). In summary, IgM autoantibodies directed to CM and Hsp60 were predominant in the physiologic state, in contrast with the predominance of IgG autoantibodies in the pre-Tx period and during rejection. We suggest that the inflammatory environment found in both cardiac diseases and rejection favors the increase of Hsp60 expression and the exposure of cardiac myosin antigens due to cardiomyocyte necrosis. The immune response triggered in this context induces cell activation and isotype switch, from IgM, predominant in the physiologic state, to IgG, more detected in the inflammatory process. In conclusion, we identified a distinct profile of humoral autoimmunity to cardiac myosin and to Hsp60 in the physiologic state and in cardiac transplantation. Further studies will allow us to evaluate the functional activity of these antibodies in the graft and in cells of the immune system; they may have a role in rejection or in the maintenance of homeostasis, in the physiologic context.
Puk, Camila Góes. "Tamanho da HDL e capacidade em receber colesterol, éster de colesterol, fosfolípides e triglicérides de uma lipoproteína artificial (LDE): estudo em pacientes com transplante cardíaco em tratamento". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-08102007-133117/.
Texto completoAfter the first year from the transplantation procedure transplant coronary heart disease becomes a major complication and the leading cause of late morbity and mortality of those patients. After the first year, roughly 40% of heart transplantation (HT) patients develop hyperlipidemias what is implicated in the genesis of transplant coronary heart disease. Alterations in plasma lipid metabolism such as disturbed chylomicron and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) metabolism were also reported. On the other hand, levels of high-densitylipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are controversy in those patients. It has been perceived that the estimation of the lipoprotein concentration does not suffice to evaluate the overall HDL protective role and that the functional aspects of the lipoprotein should be tested. In this study, the fundamental property of HDL to receive lipids from other lipoproteins modeled by a artificial lipoprotein (LDE) was tested in HT patients, together with size and the HDL-associated antioxidant paraxonase 1 (PON 1). We studied 20 heart transplantation patients and 20 healthy normolipidemic subjects paired for sex, age and body mass index. Blood samples were collected after 12h fasting, for determination plasma lipids, glucose, paraxonase 1 activity, HDL size and transfer of lipids from LDE to HDL. The total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol concentration did not differ in the two groups, whereas HDL cholesterol was smaller in HT (p=0.01). Triglycerides were roughly 40% greater than those of the controls (p=0.001). Apo A-I e apo B concentration values were similar comparing HT patients with controls. Plasma glucose was greater in HT than in controls (p=0.008). HDL particle diameter was smaller in HT patients then in controls (p=0.047), whereas the activity of PON 1 is not different in both groups. The transfer of cholesterol and cholesteryl ester from LDE to HDL were smaller in HT patients than in controls (p= 0.045 and 0.003, respectively). On the other hand, there was no difference in the transfer of triglycerides and phospholipids between HT patients and controls. The results showed that the acceptance of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters by the HDL fraction is diminished in HT. Since cholesteryl ester constitute most of the HDL core and cholesterol is transformed in cholesteryl ester, decreased acceptance of both cholesterol from other lipoprotein particles may account for the smaller HDL particle diameter found in the HT patient group. These alterations in HDL metabolism can potentially destabilizing the plasma cholesterol pool and the reverse cholesterol transport. This finding can contribute for the accelerated atherosclerotic process that commonly occurs in those patients.
Arantes, Rodolfo Leite. "Comparação entre a estratificação clínica e a cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica como preditores de eventos cardiovasculares em candidatos a transplante renal". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-07122009-170552/.
Texto completoCardiovascular (CV) disease is a common condition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and is the leading cause of fatal events during and after renal transplantation. The best strategy for CV evaluation and coronary risk stratification in renal transplant candidates remains controversial. Moreover, there is no consensus regarding the best strategy for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). We still do not know if all patients should be evaluated by noninvasive testing or if this approach should be restricted to individuals with clinical evidence of CAD, as in the general population. The objective of this study was to compare CV risk stratification based on nonivasive testing for CAD with two clinical stratification methods as advanced by The American Society of Transplantation (AST) and by The European Renal Association (ERA), respectively. The AST divides patients in high risk (age50 years and/or diabetes and/or CV disease) and low risk (all others).The ERA divides : high risk (CV disease), intermediate risk (age 50 years and/or diabetes), and low risk (as above). We studied 386 CKD patients treated by hemodyalisis, to CV evaluation before being admitted to the renal transplant waiting list. All patients were stratified for the risk of future major cardiovascular events (MACE) using the clinical algorithms and also by myocardial scintigraphy (SPECT-MIBI) with dipyridamol and followedup until death, transplant or MACE. Clinical algorithms (RR:1,8 [IC95% 1,3 2,6-P<0,0001] and SPECT-MIBI(RR:1,5 [IC95% 1,2-1,9-P=0,002] identified patients at increased risk of events. The combined use of clinical stratification followed by SPECT showed that the only patients that would benefit from SPECT risk stratification were those belonging the AST-high risk (RR1,4 [IC95%1,1-1,8-P=0,002] and ERA-intermediate risk groups (RR:1,7 [IC95% 1,2-2,3-P=0,003]. In all other groups :ERA-high-risk (RR:1,1[IC95% 0,8-1,5- P=0,41] and ERA and AST-low-risk (P=0,50) SPECT did not add to the probability of events defined by clinical stratification alone. We conclude that SPECT should not be applied to all renal transplant candidates but should be restricted to those considered at a category of risk as defined by clinical algorithms. These results delineate a more rational approach to risk stratification in renal transplant candidates with a better utilization of economical resources.
Tamagnini, Elisabete Joyce Galhardo. "A psicodinâmica do paciente cardiopata: contribuições da psicanálise à cardiologia". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47133/tde-27112014-163132/.
Texto completoCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause death worldwide. There is a clear association between cardiovascular disease and emotional events. Psychic processes can happen in CVD, causing unfavorable evolution of affective symptoms and clinical disease: resulting in lower adherence to medical guidelines and higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Patients with advanced heart failure (HF), in NYHA functional class III or IV with severe symptoms, no alternative to clinical treatment and a worse prognosis are listed for heart transplantation (HT). The main objective was investigate the psychodynamics at different stages of CVD (mainly in HF), identifying the psychodynamic characteristics found in relation to patients without evidence of disease and assessing the nature of object relations and unconscious fantasies in different functional classes (NYHA). Method: Clinical, qualitative and observational study design. Participants: N = 40, in groups: A) patients without cardiovascular disease / B) functional class I or II / C) functional class III or IV not listed for HT / functional class III or IV with indications for HT. Instruments: 1 clinical interview and assessment of global functioning / GAF DSM IV, 2 Object Relations Test (ORT) by Phillipson - A1(1), B3(4), AG(5), BG(10), C2(11), White (13). Procedure: convenience sample and individual application. The object relations theory of Melanie Klein guided the development of the study and analysis of the material. Results: unconscious fantasies and psychic processes archaic can be found in all stages of CVD, however, the most advanced CVD groups showed significant psychosomatic aspects, object relations and unconscious fantasies from very archaic development phases._ In group D, the frequency of object relations of viscumcarica position was more expressive and showed specific unconscious fantasies in relation to HT, as the fantasies of mutilation._ The psychoanalytic review was essential to understanding the cardiac patients psychodynamics and identified psychosocial risk factors (RF) involved in the health - disease process, suggesting special attention of the multidisciplinary team and immediate psychotherapy for some groups. Psychoanalytic intervention reduces symptoms and promotes mental health: improves self-care, execution of team guidelines and protocol and treatment adherence. The control some risk factors can determine a favorable prognosis when considered in the treatment of cardiac patients
Carlos, Daniele Maria de Oliveira. "Impacto da variabilidade de peso no controle mateb?lico de pacientes transplantados card?acos". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13285.
Texto completoHeart transplantation (HT) represents one of the greatest advances in medicine over the last decades. It is indicated for patients with severe heart disease unresponsive to clinical treatment and conventional surgery, poor short-term prognosis and a 1- year mortality rate over 40%. HT has improved survival worldwide (80% in the first year, 70% in five years and 60% in ten years). However, the procedure has been associated with weight change and increased risk of secondary conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity due to immunosuppressive therapy following transplantation. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of weight change on the metabolic stability of HT patients. The study was retrospective with data collected from the records of 82 adult patients (83% male; average age 45.06?12.04 years) submitted to HT between October 1997 and December 2005 at a transplantation service in Cear? (Brazil). The selected outcome variables (biopathological profile, weight and body mass index―BMI) were related to biochemical and metabolic change. The results were expressed in terms of frequency, measures of central tendency, Student s t test and Pearson s correlation coefficients. The analysis showed that following HT the average global BMI increased from 23.77?3.68kg/m2 to 25.48?3.92kg/m2 in the first year and to 28.38?4.97kg/m2 in the fifth. Overweight/obese patients (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) had higher average levels of glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides than patients with eutrophy/malnutrition (BMI < 25 kg/m2). In conclusion, overweight/obese patients were likely to present higher average levels of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and fractions than patients with eutrophy/malnutrition, indicating a direct and significant relation between nutritional status and weight change in the metabolic profile of HT patients
O Transplante Card?aco (TC) tornou-se um dos grandes avan?os da medicina nas ?ltimas d?cadas. ? um procedimento indicado para pacientes com doen?a card?aca avan?ada, refrat?ria ao tratamento cl?nico e cir?rgico convencional, progn?stico reservado em curto prazo e mortalidade acima de 40% no prazo de um ano na evolu??o natural da doen?a. Em todo o mundo seus resultados t?m evidenciado melhora significante na sobrevida, sendo considerada de 80% no primeiro ano, 70% em cinco anos e 60% em dez anos. No entanto, as altera??es de peso ap?s o procedimento frequentemente ocorrem e aumentam os riscos de doen?as secund?rias como diabetes, hipertens?o, dislipidemia e obesidade, complica??es que est?o associadas ? terapia imunossupressora indispens?vel ap?s o TC. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o impacto da variabilidade de peso na estabilidade metab?lica de pacientes transplantados do cora??o. O desenho do estudo foi do tipo retrospectivo documental, realizado com 82 pacientes adultos submetidos ao TC entre outubro de 1997 a dezembro de 2005 em centro transplantador no Cear?, sendo 83% do sexo masculino e 17% do sexo feminino com idade m?dia de 45,06?12,04 anos. As vari?veis estudadas foram o perfil biopatol?gico, o peso e o ?ndice de massa corporal (IMC), relacionadas ?s altera??es bioqu?micas-metab?licas. Os dados foram descritos usando frequ?ncias, medidas de tend?ncia central, teste t de Student e coeficiente de correla??o de Pearson. Ap?s a an?lise dos dados, verificou-se que a m?dia global do IMC aumentou de 23,77?3,68 kg/m2 antes do TC, para 25,48?3,92 kg/m2 no primeiro ano e para 28,38?4,97 kg/m2 no quinto. Os pacientes com sobrepeso/ obesidade (IMC ≥25 kg/m2) apresentaram valores m?dios de glicose, colesterol total, lipoprote?na de baixa XIV densidade (LDL) e triglic?rides maiores que os pacientes com eutrofia/ desnutri??o (IMC < 25 kg/m2). Diante dos resultados encontrados nesse estudo, conclui-se que os pacientes com sobrepeso/ obesidade est?o propensos a apresentar n?veis de glicose, colesterol total, LDL e triglic?rides mais elevados que os pacientes com eutrofia/ desnutri??o, o que demonstra que houve uma rela??o direta e significativa entre o estado nutricional e a variabilidade de peso no perfil metab?lico de pacientes transplantados card?acos
Cesana, Sarita. "Transplantes: re-inser??o social e qualidade de vida dos transplantados card?acos do Estado do RN". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13549.
Texto completoThe experience of transplantation is a very serious situation from the clinical standpoint. Therefore, there must be some subjective and social breakdown in people who have been undergone such a procedure. Recent product of modernity, the transplanted is someone who owns his recover to the scientific advances of contemporary society and a deceased donor. This paper aims at examine the implications, from the changes in patterns of behavior and thought that occur after the experience of an extreme and critical situation, as the process of illness and its consequent transplant surgery. The symbolism of the heart suggests that some social impressions about the organ itself are also reflected in how the transplanted interprets the experience of this type of procedure. So investigating how the changes occurred throughout the process interfere in the re-insertion of these people to social life, after his recovery, is the purpose of this work. The concept of habitus coined by Pierre Bourdieu will be used to measure conceptually how this experience (clinical, modern and symbolic) fits in the contemporary discussion of sociology
A experi?ncia do transplante ? uma situa??o extremamente grave do ponto de vista cl?nico. Assim sendo, deve haver algum desdobramento subjetivo e social nas pessoas que foram submetidas a esse tipo de procedimento. Produto recente da modernidade, o transplantado ? algu?m que deve sua recupera??o aos avan?os cient?ficos da sociedade contempor?nea e a um doador falecido. Este trabalho pretende analisar as implica??es, a partir das mudan?as de padr?es de comportamento e pensamento, que ocorrem ap?s a viv?ncia de uma situa??o extrema e cr?tica, como o processo de adoecimento e sua conseq?ente cirurgia de transplante. O simbolismo do cora??o leva a pensar que algumas impress?es sociais sobre o ?rg?o tamb?m fazem eco na forma como o transplantado interpreta a experi?ncia deste tipo de procedimento. Portanto investigar como as mudan?as ocorridas ao longo do processo interferem na re-inser??o dessas pessoas ao conv?vio social, ap?s sua recupera??o, ser? objeto do presente trabalho. O conceito de habitus cunhado por Pierre Bourdieu servir? para aferir onceitualmente como essa experi?ncia (cl?nica, moderna e simb?lica) se enquadra no debate contempor?neo da sociologia
Gran, Ipiña Ferran. "Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la miocarditis aguda en pediatría". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667914.
Texto completoIntroduction and objectives: Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardiumdue to a viral infection in majority ofcases. Diagnosis is performed by obtaining anendomyocardial biopsy (BEM), however it is an invasive technique; its use is not very common in pediatrics. The disease usually resolves itself spontaneously, but some patients may die or have severe ventricular dysfunction, which requires a heart transplant. No treatment has demonstrated to improve the prognosis yet. The aim of this study is to check the characteristics of a series of pediatric patients with acute myocarditis, describe their outcome, the criteria of poor prognosis and the usefulness and risks of different diagnostic techniques, such as BEM. We will describe the usefulness of antiviral and immunosuppressive treatment in a selected population of patients. Material and methods: We reviewed all cases of persons under the age of 18 who had been admitted to Vall d'Hebron Hospital with the diagnosis of acute myocarditis between April 2007 and September 2018. We reviewed clinical and demographic characteristics, diagnostic tests as well as the usefulness of the BEM in this population. Immunohistochemical results of BEM were compared with those observed in a patient population with inheritedcardiomyopathy. The effectiveness of medical treatment was studied by comparing the outcome of treated patients with that of a historical cohort of similar characteristics that did not receive any specific treatment. Results:41 patients (25 men, 16 women, median age 25 months) presented 42 episodes of myocarditis. The diagnosis was performed by BEM in 14/42 cases (33.3%), magnetic resonance in 27/42 (64.3%) and through clinical presentation in 1/42 patient (2.4%). With a median follow-up of 47 months (between 7 and 140 months), a complete resolution of the situation with normalization of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDD) occurred in 33/42 cases (78.5%). The most frequently implicated virus was PVB19 (9/42 cases, 21.4%) followed by enterovirus (5/42 cases, 11.9%). Four patients died (9.7%) and 5/41 (12.2%) required a heart transplant. In the univariate analysis, the factors that were associated with a poor outcome (death or transplant) were the need for ECMO at admission (p = 0.041), LVEF less than 35% (p = 0.02) and right ventricular dysfunction (p = 0.02). In the multivariate analysis, only the LVEF had statistical significance (p = 0.007). Regarding the anatomopathological findings, it was observed that no data were specific for acute myocarditis and that 3/5 patients (60%) with genetic cardiomyopathy met the immunohistological criteria of myocarditis. From February 2015 the patients with the most severe illness were treated with immunosuppression or antiviral treatment based on the anatomopathologicalresults and the viral PCR in the BEM. A total of 9 patients were treated and their outcomewas compared with a historical cohort of 11 patients with similar characteristics. Transplant-free survival at one year was 100% in the treated group vs. 63% (p = 0.042). In the long term, 8/9 treated patients were able to fully recover in comparison to 6/11 patients of the other group who received standard treatment (88.9% vs. 54.5%, p = 0.095) Conclusions: LVEF <35% is the only risk factor associated with a higher mortality or a higher risk of transplantation. BEM is a safe and useful diagnostic tool in the pediatric population with acute myocarditis. The specific treatment based on the results of the BEM improves LVEF and the outcome of patients in the short term.
Sánchez, González Roberto. "Evaluación de factores psiquiátricos y psicosociales en una cohorte de receptores de trasplante cardiaco: estudio de seguimiento a 12 meses". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/322086.
Texto completoIntroduction In the last decades, researchers of heart transplantation (HT) programs have attempted to identify the existence of psychosocial factors that might influence the clinical outcome before and after the transplantation. These are the factors that have shown a higher relevance: psychiatric morbidity, substance-related disorders, personality traits, psychological factors and coping strategies, cognitive function, family and social support and compliance with medical recommendations. Objectives The main objectives of this research are: 1) describe and analyse the psychiatric patterns and the psychosocial factors of a sample of HT recipients; 2) make an evolutional assessment of psychiatric and psychosocial factors throughout the process; 3) identify predictors of psychopathology 12 months after HT and 4) assess and quantify noncompliance with medical recommendations during the post-transplantation period. Methods A prospective cohort study was performed. Recipients were assessed during waiting list period and 12-month after HT. The sample was obtained from patients enrolled consecutively in HT program of Hospital Clinic of Barcelona between 2006 and 2012. Pre-transplant baseline assessment consisted in clinical form, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Structured Clinical Interviews for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (SCID), Coping questionnaire (COPE), personality inventory (NEO-FFI-R), Apgar-Family questionnaire and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC). The follow- up assessment was performed one year after heart transplantation with HADS, COPE, Apgar and MHLC. A specific instrument designed for this study to assess noncompliance was also applied. Results Results of the different published papers of this research are exposed. Baseline psychosocial assessment was performed in 125 HT candidates. 78 of these patients underwent transplantation and accepted to continue the follow-up program. At baseline evaluation 32.1% of patients had a psychiatric disorder. Lower scores on HADS, less necessity of publicly venting of feelings and a trend to an internal locus of control were observed at 12-month after the surgery. Neuroticism and Disengagement coping dimension pre-HT were predictors of psychopathology in the follow-up assessment. The overall rate of incompliance of medical regimen 12 months after HT was 27.2%. Higher scores of NEO-FFI-R Conscientiousness factor were associated with better compliance. Conclusions Due to the relevance of psychosocial factors throughout HT process, the psychiatric approach of candidates has an important role. Neuroticism and Disengagement coping styles, can serve as markers to identify patients who may benefit from psychiatric and psychological interventions. Despite the complexity and severity that involves a HT, the overall incidence of noncompliance is high.
Wang, Hui-Tzu Lin. "Estudo sequencial do perfil de expressão gênica em biópsias endomiocárdicas parafinadas: associação com rejeição humoral e vasculopatia do aloenxerto cardíaco". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/98/98131/tde-16032015-085220/.
Texto completoHeart transplantation is the ultimate treatment for patients with severe heart failure. Despite advances in immunosuppressive therapy, rejection still remains the main obstacle to successful transplant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the gene expression profile in cardiac tissue. With this we hope to contribute to a better understanding of the rejection process at the molecular level. Sequential samples (1, 3, and 6 months, 1 to 2 years post-transplant) endomyocardial biopsies paraffin of 63 heart transplant subjects were analyzed. The diagnosis of humoral rejection was performed by detection of C3d and C4d complement in immunohistochemistry and the expression of protective genes (ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, HMOXO-1, and VEGF BCL2L1) and genes associated with inflammation (IL-6,TNF?, IFN?, TGF-?, AIF-1, NOS2, ICAM, VCAM and MCP-1); were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The frequency of individuals positive for C4d (28.6%) and vasculitis (20.0%) were significantly higher compared to antibodies reactivity test conducted in the recipients before transplantation (6.3%). There was a change in the gene expression profile in cardiac tissue after transplantation, with increased expression of inflammatory genes (AIF-1,TNF?, IL-6, NOS2, and VCAM) and a decreased expression of protective genes (ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, BCL2L1, and VEGF). Furthermore, the expressions of ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 genes were significantly lower in C4d positive individuals (p<0,001), and VEGF (p<0,001) in the group with vasculitis. There was also a positive correlation between VEGF expression and ADIPOR1 (r=0.5688) and DIPOR2 (r=0.5191). Moreover, increased expression of VCAM (p<0,001) was detected in all types of rejection. We conclude that, after transplantation, the recipient\'s immune system began to recognize the antigens of the transplanted organ. Thus, a change in gene expression profile in cardiac graft is characterized by increased inflammatory genes and decreased expression of protective genes. Increased VCAM gene associated with lower expression of protective genes expression: ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, BCL2L1 and VEGF resulted in increased severity of cellular and humoral rejection and cardiac allograft vasculopathy.
Resende, Marcos Valério Coimbra de. ""Diagnóstico de rejeição cardíaca celular em pacientes transplantados: utilidade do estudo regional da função cardíaca com Doppler tecidual"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-04102005-085346/.
Texto completoFor the diagnosis of cellular acute cardiac allograft rejection pulsed tissue Doppler imaging was used for measuring myocardial wall motion of 14 sites of 54 transplant patients who underwent 129 endomyocardial biopsies.The mean and standard deviation of myocardial velocities among patients displaying or not acute rejection = 3A were compared.It was observed that the analysis of late diastolic mitral annular motion at lateral site on its own showed a sensibility of 73.8% (5.6 cm/s was the best cut off value) and in the multivariate analysis a mathematical model was found with a set of 6 parameters with a sensibility of 88.2% for the diagnosis of cellular rejection = 3A
Trindade, Evelinda Marramon. "Incorporação e avaliação de novas tecnologias no sistema de serviços de saúde brasileiro: estudo de caso na área de cardiologia". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-22112006-131244/.
Texto completoIntroduction: There is an ongoing international debate associating the increasing health care costs with adoption of new health technologies. To aid to ascertain whether new health technologies are part of the problem, part of the solution or both in relation to the health of the population and of the health care system, this case study analyses retrospectively three recent decisions to adopt innovations at the Heart Institute, InCor-HC/FMUSP. In order to provide examples of the application of methods for health technologies assessment, the InCor Board of Directors indicated one innovative drug, a new diagnostic procedure and a recent surgery. Methods: Qualitative, retrospective field evaluation of the three decisions for the highest complexity of care in cardiology. Decision-makers survey, systematic reviews (descriptive or meta-analytic) and hospital economic impact analysis were the methodologies applied to this case. Results: A pattern of new technologies incorporation through incremental research, a strategic and pluralist practice emerged within a creative social system. Approved by the InCor and HC Research Ethics Boards and based on previous research results, successive investigations verified and adjusted the informations and generated additional research. Thus, the decision-makers do build knowledge, negotiate research protocols, promote very technical specialists formation and transfer international practice, inter- and up-grading it to the Brazilian reality. Evaluation of these three innovative technologies results are: - The drug tacrolimus may rescue and resolve an average of 75% of the episodes of rejection refractory to conventional medications. The average hospital cost observed (since conversion from CSA, censored at March the 30th, 2006) was of US$45 or R$102.99 per day of survival in 8 adults and of US$61 or R$137.53 for the 13 children (<18 years of age), compared with R$ 229.00 and R$ 260.00, respectively, in those who remained under cyclosporine treatment. Thus, it could prevent 37% rejection related mortality and bring some economy (even in the single child death observed, the hospital cost per day until death was the half of the cost observed for the 32 cyclosporine treated). - The tomoangiocoronariography diagnosis for patients presenting atypical angina and moderate to low risk of stenosis may orient and modify up to 66% clinical decisions preventing requirement of an invasive procedure. This would increase 20% to the Haemodynamic Department 25% resolutivity, may prevent up to 2000 deaths with an estimated additional 10% of the costs of 14% more angioplasties and 6% increase in surgical coronary bypasses for the health care system. - Surgical ablation has the potential to cure more than 10% of medications refractory atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing open heart surgery for structural corrections. Supposing it is restricted only to the group of patients undergoing valve surgery in the health care system, it could prevent morbidity and mortality for up to 1000 patients. Conclusions and discussion: The new technologies evaluated bring benefits to the health of the patients. Safety concerns and economic impact for the InCor and for the health care system assistance programs require further investigation. InCor and the other university hospitals have enhanced technical capacity installed. The structured research facilitates and allows incorporation of highly complex innovations without planning future programs for care. The isolation of these decision makers from the health care system decision planners allows partial views and immediacies. Such a distance facilitates development of external and diverse interests. These facts, consequently, pressures on the organization and the health care system. The integration of the university hospitals installed professional capacities, within an average and long term health care system plans, making evaluations of the innovative health technologies in comparison with the established ones based on local epidemiology, may permit a planned and continuous actualization of the health services on solid scientific basis adapted to the Brazilian reality and with a responsible financial balance.
Rozzi, Giacomo. "VIDEO KINEMATIC EVALUATION OF THE HEART (VI.KI.E.): AN IDEA, A PROJECT, A REALITY". Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/1017185.
Texto completoKováčová, Anna. "Život po transplantaci srdce". Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-434746.
Texto completoSmetana, Michal. "Pohlavní rozdíly v apoptóze v myokardu u pacientů po transplantaci srdce". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-389207.
Texto completoPetříková, Nikola. "Analýza vybraných genetických markerů u pacientů po transplantaci srdce". Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348315.
Texto completoUrban, Marián. "Alloimunizace pacientů na mechanické srdeční podpoře a vliv na post-transplantační výsledky". Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265173.
Texto completoPavlova, Yelena. "Genetické a molekulární faktory ovlivňující výsledky transplantací solidních orgánů". Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326158.
Texto completo