Literatura académica sobre el tema "Healthcare reforms"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Healthcare reforms"
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Hughes, Reviewed by Clifford Frederick. "Humanising Healthcare Reforms". Australian Health Review 37, n.º 4 (2013): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ahv37n4_br.
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Kjellström, Sofia, Gunilla Avby, Kristina Areskoug-Josefsson, Boel Andersson Gäre y Monica Andersson Bäck. "Work motivation among healthcare professionals". Journal of Health Organization and Management 31, n.º 4 (19 de junio de 2017): 487–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-04-2017-0074.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore work motivation among professionals at well-functioning primary healthcare centers subject to a national healthcare reform which include financial incentives. Design/methodology/approach Five primary healthcare centers in Sweden were purposively selected for being well-operated and representing public/private and small/large units. In total, 43 interviews were completed with different medical professions and qualitative deductive content analysis was conducted. Findings Work motivation exists for professionals when their individual goals are aligned with the organizational goals and the design of the reform. The centers’ positive management was due to a unique combination of factors, such as clear direction of goals, a culture of non-hierarchical collaboration, and systematic quality improvement work. The financial incentives need to be translated in terms of quality patient care to provide clear direction for the professionals. Social processes where professionals work together as cohesive groups, and provided space for quality improvement work is pivotal in addressing how alignment is created. Practical implications Leaders need to consistently translate and integrate reforms with the professionals’ drives and values. This is done by encouraging participation through teamwork, time for structured reflection, and quality improvement work. Social implications The design of the reforms and leadership are essential preconditions for work motivation. Originality/value The study offers a more complete picture of how reforms are managed at primary healthcare centers, as different medical professionals are included. The value also consists of showing how a range of aspects combine for primary healthcare professionals to successfully manage external reforms.
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Abdul Rani, Mohammed Fauzi. "Issues in Healthcare Reforms". Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences 3, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jchs.v3i2.7025.
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Rychlik, Reinhard, Karin Guntertgomann, Anne Kilburg y Jeffrey B. Frazier. "Healthcare Reforms in Germany". Disease Management and Health Outcomes 8, n.º 6 (diciembre de 2000): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00115677-200008060-00001.
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Wise, Sarah, Christine Duffield, Margaret Fry y Michael Roche. "Workforce flexibility – in defence of professional healthcare work". Journal of Health Organization and Management 31, n.º 4 (19 de junio de 2017): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-01-2017-0009.
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Purpose The desirability of having a more flexible workforce is emphasised across many health systems yet this goal is as ambiguous as it is ubiquitous. In the absence of empirical studies in healthcare that have defined flexibility as an outcome, the purpose of this paper is to draw on classic management and sociological theory to reduce this ambiguity. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the Weberian tool of “ideal types”. Key workforce reforms are held against Atkinson’s model of functional flexibility which aims to increase responsiveness and adaptability through multiskilling, autonomy and teams; and Taylorism which seeks stability and reduced costs through specialisation, fragmentation and management control. Findings Appeals to an amorphous goal of increasing workforce flexibility make an assumption that any reform will increase flexibility. However, this paper finds that the work of healthcare professionals already displays most of the essential features of functional flexibility but many widespread reforms are shifting healthcare work in a Taylorist direction. This contradiction is symptomatic of a failure to confront inevitable trade-offs in reform: between the benefits of specialisation and the costs of fragmentation; and between management control and professional autonomy. Originality/value The paper questions the conventional conception of “the problem” of workforce reform as primarily one of professional control over tasks. Holding reforms against the ideal types of Taylorism and functional flexibility is a simple, effective way the costs and benefits of workforce reform can be revealed.
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Tao, Wenjuan, Zhi Zeng, Haixia Dang, Bingqing Lu, Linh Chuong, Dahai Yue, Jin Wen, Rui Zhao, Weimin Li y Gerald F. Kominski. "Towards universal health coverage: lessons from 10 years of healthcare reform in China". BMJ Global Health 5, n.º 3 (marzo de 2020): e002086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002086.
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Universal health coverage (UHC) is driving the global health agenda. Many countries have embarked on national policy reforms towards this goal, including China. In 2009, the Chinese government launched a new round of healthcare reform towards UHC, aiming to provide universal coverage of basic healthcare by the end of 2020. The year of 2019 marks the 10th anniversary of China’s most recent healthcare reform. Sharing China’s experience is especially timely for other countries pursuing reforms to achieve UHC. This study describes the social, economic and health context in China, and then reviews the overall progress of healthcare reform (1949 to present), with a focus on the most recent (2009) round of healthcare reform. The study comprehensively analyses key reform initiatives and major achievements according to four aspects: health insurance system, drug supply and security system, medical service system and public health service system. Lessons learnt from China may have important implications for other nations, including continued political support, increased health financing and a strong primary healthcare system as basis.
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Lin, Vivian. "Transformations in the healthcare system in China". Current Sociology 60, n.º 4 (22 de junio de 2012): 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392112438329.
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In April 2009, the Chinese government announced comprehensive reforms to the health system following more than a decade of piecemeal reform efforts. Popular complaints about high healthcare costs and access difficulties eventually received political attention following the government administration change of 2002 and the SARS outbreak of 2003. However, policy differences between ministries resulted in several years of vigorous and open policy debates involving domestic and international stakeholders as well as citizens who are active in expressing opinions virtually (netizens). The 2009 reforms signalled not only policy recognition of the need for a comprehensive and systemic approach if healthcare was to be transformed, but also charted new approaches to policy-making. While the current reforms are being rapidly implemented, the question arises as to whether the shifts in the policy-making process will continue into the future. Further evaluation of the policy process will require cooperation if not collaboration from the policy actors themselves.
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Zhang, Xiaoyan y Pengqian Fang. "Job satisfaction of village doctors during the new healthcare reforms in China". Australian Health Review 40, n.º 2 (2016): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15205.
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Objective China launched new healthcare reforms in 2009 and several policies targeted village clinics, which affected village doctors’ income, training and duties. The aim of the present study was to assess village doctors’ job satisfaction during the reforms and to explore factors affecting job satisfaction. Methods Using a stratified multistage cluster sampling process, 935 village doctors in Jiangxi Province were surveyed with a self-administered questionnaire that collected demographic information and contained a job satisfaction scale and questions regarding their work situation and individual perceptions of the new healthcare reforms. Descriptive analysis, Pearson’s Chi-squared test and binary logistic regression were used to identify village doctors’ job satisfaction and the factors associated with their job satisfaction. Results Only 12.72% of village doctors were either satisfied or very satisfied with their jobs and the top three items leading to dissatisfaction were pay and the amount of work that had to be done, opportunities for job promotion and work conditions. Marriage, income, intention to leave, satisfaction with learning and training, social status, relationship with patients and satisfaction with the new healthcare reforms were significantly associated with job satisfaction (P < 0.05). Conclusions China is facing critical challenges with regard to village doctors because of their low job satisfaction. For future healthcare reforms, policy makers should pay more attention to appropriate remuneration and approaches that incentivise village doctors to achieve the goals of the health reforms. What is known about the topic? Village doctors act as gatekeepers at the bottom tier of the rural health system. However, the policies of the new healthcare reform initiatives in China were centred on improving the quality of care delivered to the rural population and reducing fast-growing medical costs. There have been limited studies on village doctors’ reactions to these reforms. What does this paper add? The findings of the present study indicate that in the process of implementing the new healthcare reforms, village doctors’ overall job satisfaction is low and most respondents are dissatisfied with the reforms. The factors affecting job satisfaction include income, training, social status, relationship with patients and satisfaction with the reforms. What are the implications for practitioners? Health reform policy makers should ensure village doctors feel appropriately remunerated and are motivated while aiming to reduce the financial burden on patients. The views of stakeholders (i.e. patients and village doctors) should be considered when designing future health reforms.
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Vakulenko, Veronika, Anatoli Bourmistrov y Giuseppe Grossi. "Reverse decoupling: Ukrainian case of healthcare financing system reform". International Journal of Public Sector Management 33, n.º 5 (10 de abril de 2020): 519–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-10-2019-0262.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore inter-organizational interactions that might result in prolonged decoupling between central governments' ideas and local governments' practices during the reform of an institutional field (i.e. healthcare).Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a qualitative study of the centrally directed reform of the healthcare financing system in Ukraine and focusses on practices and reform ideas from 1991 to 2016.FindingsThe findings show that, for more than 25 years, local governments, as providers of healthcare services, faced two major problems associated with drawbacks of the healthcare financial system: line-item budgeting and fragmentation of healthcare funds. Over 25 years, central government's attempts to reform the healthcare financing system did not comprehensively or systematically address the stated problems. The reformers' ideas seemed to focus on creating reform agendas and issuing new laws, instead of paying attention to challenges in local practices.Practical implicationsThis article has two main points that are relevant for practitioners. First, it calls for greater involvement from local actors during all stages of public sector reforms, in order to ensure the relevance of developed reform strategies. Second, it points to potential challenges that central governments may face when conducting healthcare financing system reforms in transitional economies.Originality/valueThe paper's contribution is twofold: it outlines reasons for problematic implementation of healthcare financing system reform in Ukraine and explains them through a “reverse decoupling” concept.
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Temnova, L. V. y E. G. Bapinaeva. "Adaptive practices of healthcare workers under the reforms". RUDN Journal of Sociology 22, n.º 3 (29 de septiembre de 2022): 630–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2022-22-3-630-645.
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The theory of high modernism and the concept ‘metis’ by J. Scott identify one of the reasons for unsuccessful state reform in various areas: when preparing changes, local practical experience is often neglected, but the success of the reform as a whole may depend exactly on such knowledge. The system ignores the possible strategies of workers’ resistance to the coming changes, many of which are unconscious. The reforms in the field of healthcare, including in Russia, have shown that doctors remain the most vulnerable group affected by changes. A side effect of the ongoing reforms is the development by the professional community of doctors of certain adaptive practices aimed at adaptation to changes with the least losses for the individual and professional activity. To identify the adaptive practices of medical workers in response to the reforms and their consequences, the authors examined the available data and conducted interviews with doctors of various specialties. As a result, adaptive practices of doctors in their professional activities were systematized, and their classification was proposed: deviant/non-deviant and active/passive. Active adaptive practices prevail and are implemented in three subsystems: doctor-administration, doctor-doctor and doctor-patient. Most doctors tend to accept changes that involve adding new practices rather than changes removing traditional practices. All respondents positively assessed new technologies, but negatively assessed rigid standards that limit their professional freedom. The development of adaptive practices depends on various factors - gender, age, length of service, specialization, position. Such practices help doctors to keep the habitual way of professional life and to adapt to new working conditions.
Tesis sobre el tema "Healthcare reforms"
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Kabajulizi, Judith. "Macroeconomic implications of healthcare financing reforms : a computable general equilibrium analysis of Uganda". Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2016. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2545198/.
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There are a lot of health sector reforms across the spectrum of high to low income countries. There are underlying pressures for reform regarding the role and responsibility of different actors in relation to healthcare financing, production, consumption and regulation. The health sector itself is usually a very significant economic sector in its own right, and thus changes to it have direct impacts on the economy and indirectly through their effect on health, yet there is little consideration of these wider macro effects. The wider macro-economic effects refer to the general equilibrium outcomes of the economy’s transmission mechanisms through wages,rents, factor demand and supply, foreign exchange rates and sectoral shares in output, which in turn affect changes at the macro level (including GDP, private and public consumption, investment, imports and exports, and poverty levels). There is an ever increasing attention to the question of how to increase financial resources for healthcare, particularly by governments. This thesis sets out to evaluate the economy wide impacts of healthcare financing reform policies, taking Uganda as a case study. Using a recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, calibrated from a health-focused Social Accounting Matrix (SAM), the impact of healthcare financing reform policies is assessed. Three sources of fiscal space for health – prioritisation of the health sector, earmarked taxes for health, and aid for health – are analysed. Results showed that increasing resources to the health sector from any of the three sources of fiscal space for health coupled with the envisaged improvements in the population health status leads to higher GDP growth rates and reduces poverty. The tax for health policy showed the highest GDP growth rates while the aid for health policy achieved the highest reduction in poverty. Therefore, government should increase resources to the health sector in order to achieve the aspirations of the Uganda Vision 2040.
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SHAHINI, VIOLA. "WELFARE STATE CHANGE IN ALBANIA: COMPARING THE POLITICS OF PENSION AND HEALTHCARE REFORMS". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/919925.
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In the early 1990s, the deep political and socio-economic transformations showed that the Albanian pension and healthcare models inherited from Communism were inefficient, close to the point of fiscal breakdown, as well as inequitable. In order to address these challenges, the Albanian government promoted a shift towards a social insurance model – which was said to represent the “good way”, i.e. a viable solution to build a stable and especially an effective social protection system. In both policy sectors the government’s ultimate goal was to link benefits to contribution records. Consequently, the Albanian pension and healthcare systems started to converge towards a Bismarckian social insurance model.
However, reform implementation was constrained and, after three decades of reforms, the full shift to an insurance-based model has failed in both pensions and healthcare. The 2014 reform transformed the pension system into a mixed-occupational model – according to Ferrera’s terminology (Ferrera 1993) – made up of a social assistance scheme – a means-tested, poverty-relief social pension – and a social insurance, contributory scheme aimed at income maintenance. In the healthcare sector, the last wave of reform, started in 2014, aimed at transforming the system from a social insurance model to a universalistic social security one. These reforms thus led to a partial policy reversal, with the healthcare changing into a mixed-universalistic model, implying a combination of social security and social insurance – respectively financed by the state budget and social contributions.
The pension and healthcare systems currently differ in terms of institutional architectures, financing methods, coverage and benefits. This policy change and divergence that exist between these two policy fields is puzzling, given their similar starting position in the early 1990s. The situation becomes even more ambiguous when we take into account the strong influence international actors, supporting neoliberal recipes, had on both systems since the very beginning. In fact, existing research on the Albanian welfare state development focuses on the role of international pressures to explain social policy change, according to which it is the external actors, not domestic ones, that have driven reforms. This strand in the literature, which stresses the role of international organisations in favouring policy diffusion, implicitly assumes that national political factors have limited or no effect on the relationship between (international) economic circumstances and social policy and that governments respond similarly to external constraints (Haggard and Kaufman, 2008). However, considering the important role played by the World Bank during the decision-making process, we should have seen convergence towards a single social model, i.e., neoliberal direction. Yet, empirically we observe a divergence over-time and between different social policy domains in Albania. This suggests that in order to understand policy change and variation we should look at other factors, such as internal political dynamics which is significantly missing from the existing literature.
In addition, radical policy change and processes of convergence or divergence across policy sectors over-time have clear implications vis à vis historical institutionalism, according to which we should have seen path dependency. In fact, focusing only on institutions can hardly account for what is driving policy change in the first place (Jessoula, 2009), therefore, other factors have to be introduced, such as the role of actors’ interests and ideas.
This thesis aims at filling this literature gap by contributing to the understanding of welfare state reforms in Albania in terms of policy, politics and theoretical analysis. More specifically, it aims at answering the following research questions: Why pension and healthcare policies converged into a Bismarckian social insurance model in the early 1990s? Why did implementation of the Bismarckian insurance model fail in both sectors? What explains subsequent developments towards a mixed-occupational model in pension and mixed-universalism in healthcare?
To achieve these aims, this study provides a detailed empirical investigation in order to reconstruct the policy-making processes in both fields. Building on this analysis, this study argues that social policy reform can be understood as a process formulated through ideas (actors’ cognitive and normative frameworks) and shaped by conflicts and compromises between the relevant interests (political exchange dynamics) and their interplay with the institutions inherited from the past (policy legacies).
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Kornreich, Yoel. "Unorthodox approaches to participation in authoritarian regimes : the making of China's recent healthcare reforms". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/38163.
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In recent years, non-democratic regimes have introduced a host of participatory forums. This paper asks why, given the absence of binding constitutional or institutional designs, authoritarian governments introduce, at their own initiative, participatory forums? To respond to this question, the paper suggests three theoretical possibilities: fragmented authoritarianism, enhancing legitimacy and information-gathering. Looking at the drafting of China’s recent healthcare reforms--where the government enacted various forums of participation--the paper tests these theories. Its findings indicate that these theories are not mutually exclusive, as each could explain the causes for the introduction particular participatory forums. This paper argues that this analytical framework could extend beyond the scope of China’s healthcare reform, and be applied to other episodes of policymaking both in China, and other non-democratic regimes.
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Ahmad, Farooq. "Healthcare reforms in the state teaching hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan : a multi-stakeholder perspective". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/422208/.
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This study examines the local government reforms embodied in the Medical Teaching Institution (MTI) Act of 2015 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province (KP), Pakistan. The aim of the Act was to improve employee performance in the province’s public teaching hospitals, and this research explores the reforms from the perspectives of key stakeholders, especially with regard to the introduction of performance-related pay. This research fills gaps in the current body of knowledge on performance-related pay in developing countries and makes a significant addition to the few existing studies on this topic. It addresses the contradictory theoretical stance between the discourses of New Public Management and Public Service Motivation on performance-related pay in the public sector. The theoretical concepts are derived by integrating New Public Management, Institutional Theory, Public Service Motivation Theory and Cross-cultural Theory. The study uses a mico-meso-macro framework of analysis to investigate the actions and reactions of those affected by the reforms in three of the public teaching hospitals. The underlying philosophy is one of critical realism. Following the case study approach, a multiple case study involving three public teaching hospitals was designed. The data were collected in three phases from participants at the Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH), Lady Reading Hospital (LRH) and Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC), Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. The respondents were doctors, ward managers, members of the boards of governance and the provincial health minister. The semi-structured interviews, as the main data collection tool, were corroborated by participant observation, field notes, memo writing and MTI reforms documents. The MTI reforms were a political initiative by the newly elected government in KP province to address problems of performance, poor service structure and the corrupt appraisal system. Changes included decentralisation, autonomy, a new system of accountability and the introduction of performance-related pay in the case hospitals. Poor communication, conflict of interest, lack of consultation with local actors, poor planning and dismissive behaviour by the higher leadership were the main reasons for doctors’ resistance to the reforms. The research findings show that performance-related pay was acceptable to the study participants due to institutional and social realities in KP, Pakistan and that it did not undermine their public service motivation due to high professional standards and strong religious belief. The research makes a number of contributions. First, it provides rich empirical material on employees’ reactions to public-sector healthcare reform and offers valuable insight into how policy from a secular individualist culture can successfully integrate with a religious collectivist culture. Second, it addresses the contradictory stances of New Public Management and Public Service Motivation on performance-related pay in the public sector by taking an inter-disciplinary approach. Third, this research adds to the body of empirical research on public healthcare reform in a developing country, and fourth, it yields findings which, we hope, will inform and influence the academic community as well as public-sector policy-makers.
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Liang, Zhanming y N/A. "Characteristics, Competencies and Challenges: A Quantitative and Qualitative Study of the Senior Health Executive Workforce in New South Wales, 1990-1999". Griffith University. School of Public Health, 2007. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070914.091446.
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Healthcare reforms and restructuring have been a global phenomenon since the early 1980s. The major structural reforms in the healthcare system in New South Wales (NSW) including the introduction and implementation of the area health management model (1986), the senior executive service (1989) and performance agreements (1990), heralded a new era in management responsibility and accountability. It is believed that the reforms, the process of the reforms, and the instability brought about by the reforms may have not only resulted in the change of senior healthcare management practices, but also in the change of competencies required for senior healthcare managers in meeting the challenges in the new era. However, limited studies have been conducted which examined how health reforms affected its senior health executive workforce and the above changes. Moreover, no study on senior healthcare managers has focused specifically on NSW after the major reforms were implemented. The purpose of this research was to examine how reforms in the NSW Health public sector affected its senior health executive workforce between 1990 and 1999 in terms of their roles and responsibilities, the competencies required, and the challenges they faced. This study, from a broad perspective, aimed to provide an overview of the NSW reforms, the forces behind the reforms and the effects the reforms may have had on senior health managers as predicted by the national and international literature. This study also explored the changes to the senior health executive workforce in the public sector during the period of rapid change in the 1990s and has provided indications of the managerial educational needs for future senior healthcare managers. Both quantitative and qualitative data have been collected by this study using triangulated methods including scientific document review and analyses, a postal questionnaire survey, and in-depth telephone interviews. The findings from the two quantitative methods informed and guided the development of the open-ended questions and overall focus of the telephone interviews. This study found differences in the characteristics and employment-related aspects between this study and previous studies in the 1980s and 1990s, and identified four major tasks, twelve key roles and seven core competencies required by senior health executives in the NSW Health public sector between 1990 and 1999. The study concludes that the demographic characteristics and the roles and responsibilities of the NSW Health senior executive workforce since the reforms of the 1980s have changed. This study also identified seven major obstacles and difficulties experienced by senior health executives and suggested that during the introduction and implementation of major healthcare reforms in NSW since 1986, barriers created by the system prevented the achievement of its full potential benefits. Although this study did not focus on detailed strategies on how to minimise the negative impact of the health reforms on the senior health executives or maximise the chance of success in introducing new changes to the system, some suggestions are proposed. Most significantly, the study has developed a clear analytical framework for understanding the pyramidal relationships between tasks, roles and competencies and has developed and piloted a new competency assessment approach for assessing the core competencies required by senior health managers. These significant findings indicate the need for a replication of the study on an Australia-wide scale in order to extend the generalisability of the results and test the reliability and validity of the new competency assessment approach at various management levels in a range of healthcare sectors. This is the first study acknowledging the impact of the introduction of the area health management model, the senior executive service and performance agreements in the NSW public health system through an original insight into the personal experiences of the senior health executives of the reforms and examination of the major tasks that senior health executives performed and relevant essential competencies required to perform these tasks. The possible solutions identified in this study can guide the development of strategies in providing better support to senior healthcare managers when large-scale organisational changes are proposed in the future.
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Liang, Zhanming. "Characteristics, Competencies and Challenges: A Quantitative and Qualitative Study of the Senior Health Executive Workforce in New South Wales, 1990-1999". Thesis, Griffith University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366277.
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Healthcare reforms and restructuring have been a global phenomenon since the early 1980s. The major structural reforms in the healthcare system in New South Wales (NSW) including the introduction and implementation of the area health management model (1986), the senior executive service (1989) and performance agreements (1990), heralded a new era in management responsibility and accountability. It is believed that the reforms, the process of the reforms, and the instability brought about by the reforms may have not only resulted in the change of senior healthcare management practices, but also in the change of competencies required for senior healthcare managers in meeting the challenges in the new era. However, limited studies have been conducted which examined how health reforms affected its senior health executive workforce and the above changes. Moreover, no study on senior healthcare managers has focused specifically on NSW after the major reforms were implemented. The purpose of this research was to examine how reforms in the NSW Health public sector affected its senior health executive workforce between 1990 and 1999 in terms of their roles and responsibilities, the competencies required, and the challenges they faced. This study, from a broad perspective, aimed to provide an overview of the NSW reforms, the forces behind the reforms and the effects the reforms may have had on senior health managers as predicted by the national and international literature. This study also explored the changes to the senior health executive workforce in the public sector during the period of rapid change in the 1990s and has provided indications of the managerial educational needs for future senior healthcare managers. Both quantitative and qualitative data have been collected by this study using triangulated methods including scientific document review and analyses, a postal questionnaire survey, and in-depth telephone interviews. The findings from the two quantitative methods informed and guided the development of the open-ended questions and overall focus of the telephone interviews. This study found differences in the characteristics and employment-related aspects between this study and previous studies in the 1980s and 1990s, and identified four major tasks, twelve key roles and seven core competencies required by senior health executives in the NSW Health public sector between 1990 and 1999. The study concludes that the demographic characteristics and the roles and responsibilities of the NSW Health senior executive workforce since the reforms of the 1980s have changed. This study also identified seven major obstacles and difficulties experienced by senior health executives and suggested that during the introduction and implementation of major healthcare reforms in NSW since 1986, barriers created by the ‘system’ prevented the achievement of its full potential benefits. Although this study did not focus on detailed strategies on how to minimise the negative impact of the health reforms on the senior health executives or maximise the chance of success in introducing new changes to the system, some suggestions are proposed. Most significantly, the study has developed a clear analytical framework for understanding the pyramidal relationships between tasks, roles and competencies and has developed and piloted a new competency assessment approach for assessing the core competencies required by senior health managers. These significant findings indicate the need for a replication of the study on an Australia-wide scale in order to extend the generalisability of the results and test the reliability and validity of the new competency assessment approach at various management levels in a range of healthcare sectors. This is the first study acknowledging the impact of the introduction of the area health management model, the senior executive service and performance agreements in the NSW public health system through an original insight into the personal experiences of the senior health executives of the reforms and examination of the major tasks that senior health executives performed and relevant essential competencies required to perform these tasks. The possible solutions identified in this study can guide the development of strategies in providing better support to senior healthcare managers when large-scale organisational changes are proposed in the future.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Public Health
Faculty of Health
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Ferreira, Mariana Ribeiro Jansen. "Tendências e contratendências de mercantilização: as reformas dos sistemas de saúde alemão, francês e britânico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-06042016-142523/.
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Ao longo dos últimos trinta anos, entre meados das décadas de 1980 e 2010, os sistemas de saúde da Alemanha, França e Reino Unido foram reformados, gerando uma crescente mercantilização no financiamento e na prestação de serviços. O trabalho analisa as raízes dessas mudanças, assim como identifica que a mercantilização não ocorreu nem mediante os mesmos mecanismos e nem com a mesma profundidade, havendo importante inércia institucional. As diferenças observadas atestam as especificidades de cada país, em termos de seu contexto econômico, de seus arranjos políticos, das características institucionais de cada sistema e das formas que assumiram os conflitos sociais (extra e intra sistema de saúde). Os sistemas de saúde alemão, francês e britânico, enquanto sistemas públicos de ampla cobertura e integralidade, são frutos do período após a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Um conjunto de fatores contribuiu para aquele momento histórico: os próprios impactos do conflito, que forjaram a ampliação na solidariedade nacional e a maior pressão por parte dos trabalhadores; a ascensão socialista na União Soviética; o maior apoio à ação e ao planejamento estatal; o forte crescimento econômico, fruto da emersão de um regime de acumulação fordista, pautado na expansão da produtividade. A acomodação do conflito capital-trabalho, neste contexto, ocorreu mediante a expansão dos salários reais e ao desenvolvimento do Estado de bem-estar social, ou seja, de políticas públicas voltadas à criação e/ou ampliação de uma rede de proteção social. No entanto, a crise econômica da década de 1970 corroeu a base de financiamento e gerou questionamentos sobre sua eficiência, em meio à transformação do regime de acumulação de fordista para financeirizado, levando à adoção de reformas constantes ao longo das décadas seguintes. Além disso, as transformações específicas do setor saúde complexificaram a situação, tendo em vista o crescente envelhecimento populacional, a demanda por cuidados mais amplos e complexos e, principalmente, os custos derivados da incorporação tecnológica. Este cenário impulsionou a implementação de uma série de alterações nesses sistemas de saúde, com destaque para a incorporação de mecanismos de mercado (como a precificação dos serviços prestados, a indução à concorrência entre prestadores de serviços), o crescimento da responsabilidade dos usuários pelo financiamento do sistema (como o aumento nos co-pagamentos e a redução na cobertura pública) e a ampliação da participação direta do setor privado na prestação dos serviços de saúde (realizando os serviços auxiliares, a gestão de hospitais públicos, comprando instituições estatais). No entanto, de forma simultânea, as reformas ampliaram o acesso e a regulamentação estatal, além da modificação na base de financiamento, principalmente na França. Isto significa que a mercantilização não foi o único direcionamento das reformas, em decorrência de dois fatores principais: a própria crise econômica expulsou parcela da população dos mecanismos pós-guerra de proteção à saúde, demandando reação estatal, e diferentes agentes sociais influenciaram nas mudanças, bloqueando ou ao menos limitando um direcionamento mercantil único.Over the last thirty years, between mid-1980 and 2010 decades, Germany, France and the United Kingdom healthcare systems have been renovated, creating a growing marketisation in the financing and provision of services. This Thesis analyzes the roots of these changes, and identifies that marketisation did not take place or by the same mechanisms nor with the same depth, with important institutional inertia. The observed differences attest to the specificities of each country in terms of its economic context, their political arrangements, the institutional characteristics of each system and the different social conflicts (intra and extra healthcare system). The German, French and British health systems, while public systems of broad coverage and completeness, are the result of the period after the II World War. A number of factors have contributed to that historic moment: the very impact of the conflict, which forged the expansion on national solidarity and greater pressure from workers; the rise of socialism in the Soviet Union; a bigger support for action and state planning; strong economic growth, thanks to the emergence of a Fordist accumulation regime, based on the productivity expansion. The accommodation of the capital-labor conflict in this context occurred through the real wages expansion and the development of the Welfare State, ie public policies for the creation and / or expansion of a social safety net. However, the 1970s economic crisis eroded the funding base and raised questions about its effectiveness amid the transformation of Fordist accumulation regime in a finance-led one, leading to adoption of constant reforms over the next several decades. In addition, specific health sector transformation complicate the situation, given the growing population aging, the demand for broader and more complex care, and especially the costs derived from technological resources. This scenario boosted the implementation of a number of changes in the three systems, with emphasis on the incorporation of market mechanisms (such as the pricing of services, the induction of competition between service providers), the growth of the responsibility of users for funding the system (such as the increase in co-payments and the reduction in public coverage) and the expansion of the direct participation of the private sector in the provision of health services (performing ancillary services, public hospitals management, purchasing state institutions). However, simultaneously, the reforms expanded access and state regulation in addition to the change in funding base, mainly in France. This means that marketisation was not the only direction of the reforms, due to two main reasons: the very economic crisis drove portion of the population of postwar health protection mechanisms, requiring state reaction, and different actors influenced the changes, blocking or at least limiting a single market direction.
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Conteh, Abdulai Abubakarr. "A critical evaluation of the effects of neo-liberal (market-driven) reforms in achieving the goal of human security in Sierra Leone". Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13236.
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This case-study provides a critical evaluation of the effects of neo-liberal (market-driven) reforms in achieving the goal of human security in Sierra Leone after the civil conflict in 2002. In the context of Sierra Leone, there are fundamental questions about the basic security of the population. This mean the ability to live without fear of conflict and the security to do with the ordinary lives of Sierra Leoneans. This is absolutely central to the post-war reconstruction of that country. It represents a major concern for the international community, the Sierra Leone Government, foreign government donors as well as the NGO communities. Underlying these issues is the subject of which development paragon is best suitable in addressing these questions, and what impact will it have on the people. To understand this, the study has framed the issues of education and health, the two aspects which this thesis focuses upon, as a commitment to human security. Human security has become a dominant theme for many development organisations around the world because of it connection with security and development. Education and health are important because they are crucial social and basic human right that should be provided without any form of unfairness by the state. Because of their multiplier effect, they assist in eradicating poverty and further the attainment of human security. The reforms, which includes privatisation and decentralisation, has been imposed primarily by the World Bank and the IMF to transform the education and health system in order to improve the human security of the Sierra Leonean people. Proponents of these reforms argued that it would provide equal access, make the system more efficient, provide more choices for the population, and enhances accountability and citizens’ participation in governance. As a result of these, the study is important for three reasons: first, it assesses the success of these reforms; second, it offers a better understanding of socio-economic development related to education and health as they are now viewed as a commodity; and third, it suggests ways of enhancing the performance of its delivery intended to assist the population. The evaluation is informed by critical theory, the theoretical framework because: of its usefulness in understanding the concept of power/knowledge, ideology and governance, as neo-liberalism has become a discourse of global common sense that frames policy options as though they were natural or not to be questioned, and yet serve to reinforce the interests of dominant groups. Critical theory enable us to make sense of the hidden power relations in the way knowledge/policy is constituted. Second, critical theory is also a qualitative approach and hence comes as a way of critiquing quantitative methodology. The study argues that it is very problematic to imagine that this strategy (neo-liberal reforms) is actually for the great masses of people living in poor conditions, while it does not address their needs and does nothing to deal with the security of their lives. The study found that the reforms were considered undemocratic, and has led to unequal access thus augmenting fears of stratification on the basis of an individual being rich or poor. Therefore, the study recommends that if the goal of human security is to be achieved, it is important to strengthen citizens’ and other local actors’ voices in governance to develop effective local policies; and government intervention and commitment is also needed to improve the performance of public schools and health care institutions in order to make them more competitive so that they can co-exist with their private counterparts. Key Words: Neo-liberalism, critical theory, education policy, health policy, human security, privatisation, decentralisation, social justice, socio-economic development.
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Guimarães, Cristian Fabiano. "A variação do coletivo na saúde". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/130525.
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Este estudo problematiza a noção de coletivo na saúde, analisando os jogos e as disputas sobre essa expressão no campo das reformas sanitárias italiana e brasileira, visando compreender a singularidade da saúde coletiva. Tomando como ponto de partida o fato de que a saúde coletiva marca uma diferença no território da saúde, importa compreender a noção de “coletivo”, tomando-a como analisador, com a finalidade de acompanhar como ela se expressa na saúde e quais sentidos atualiza. Para fazer essa discussão, situamos nossa investigação em uma perspectiva genealógica, analisando a composição e a perda de sentidos dos territórios reformistas nos cenários italiano e brasileiro. Discutimos as imagens construídas para expressar o coletivo na saúde – a população, o grupo e a sociedade civil –, com o intuito de propor um modo diferente para pensar essa expressão, de caráter processual e intensivo, passando a entender o coletivo como potência. Não é a fixação dessa noção às formas que lhe são atribuídas que afirma a saúde coletiva, mas a força que caracteriza o coletivo como algo inespecífico, condição para a variação da potência. Acompanhando as experiências reformistas, ficou evidente que a imaginação e a composição de noções comuns são mecanismos disparadores da variação, ativando o desejo e as resistências. Analisar o coletivo na saúde coletiva de forma articulada com os movimentos reformistas italiano e brasileiro evidencia a singularidade dessa expressão no território da saúde. Considerar essa singularidade evita que, paradoxalmente, reproduza-se uma política que afirme os preceitos da medicina social ou da saúde pública no campo da saúde coletiva, abrindo a possibilidade para novas produções de sentido.This study discusses the notion of the collective in healthcare through the analysis of the games and disputes that take place over this expression in the field of Italian and Brazilian healthcare reforms, with the objective of understanding the uniqueness of collective healthcare. Taking as its starting point the fact that collective healthcare marks a difference in the health area, it is impotant to understand the notion of "collective", taking it as an analyzer, with the objective of monitoring how it is expressed in healthcare and which concepts it updates. To make this discussion, we situate our research in a genealogical perspective, analyzing the composition and the loss of sense in reformist territories in the Italian and Brazilian scenarios. We discuss the images constructed to express the collective in healthcare – the people, the group and the civil society – in order to propose a different way to think this expression, that is procedural and intensive in character, comming to understand the collective as power. It is not the establishment of that notion to the forms assigned to it that asserts the public healthcare, but the strength that characterizes the collective as something unspecific, condition for the change in power. Following the reformist experiments, it became clear that the imagination and the composition of common notions are trigger mechanisms for variation, enabling desire and resistance. By analyzing the collective in collective healthcare in coordination with the Italian and Brazilian reform movements, we stress the uniqueness of this expression in the healthcare area. To consider this uniqueness prevents, paradoxically, the reproduction of a policy that affirms the precepts of social medicine or public healthcare in the field of collective healthcare, opening the possibility for new productions of meaning.
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Kubacki, David. "News Reporting During the Healthcare Reform Debate". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1333319763.
Texto completoLibros sobre el tema "Healthcare reforms"
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Humanizing healthcare reforms. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2013.
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Saxena, K. B. Health policy and reforms: Governance in primary healthcare. Delhi: Aakar Books, 2010.
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Council for Social Development (India), ed. Health policy and reforms: Governance in primary healthcare. Delhi: Aakar Books, 2010.
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H, Okma Kieke G., ed. Six countries, six reform models: The healthcare reform experience of Israel, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Singapore, Switzerland, and Taiwan : healthcare reforms 'under the radar screen'. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2009.
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H, Okma Kieke G., ed. Six countries, six reform models--the healthcare reform experience of Israel, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Singapore, Switzerland, and Taiwan: Healthcare reforms "under the radar screen". New Jersey: World Scientific, 2009.
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Bergman, Sven-Eric. Purchaser-provider systems in Sweden: An overview of reforms in Swedish healthcare delivery system. Stockholm: Spri, 1994.
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We did all we could, but your healthcare died: The patient's new role in vital reforms. Bristol, IN: Wyndham Hall Press, 2000.
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American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, ed. Navigating healthcare reform. Philadelphia, PA: American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 2011.
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Vaknin, Shmuel (Sam). Healthcare Reform Checklist. Skopje: Narcissus Publications, 2009.
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Hern, Lindy S. F. Single Payer Healthcare Reform. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42764-1.
Texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Healthcare reforms"
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Amagoh, Francis E. "Trajectory of Health Reforms". En Healthcare Policies in Kazakhstan, 45–55. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2370-7_5.
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Milcent, Carine. "The Medical Drug Market and its Reforms". En Healthcare Reform in China, 153–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69736-9_7.
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Milcent, Carine. "Organization of Healthcare in China and its Reforms". En Healthcare Reform in China, 35–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69736-9_3.
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von Raesfeld, Ariane y Elly van der Helm. "More with Less: Sensemaking of Controversies in Youth Care Reforms". En Controversies in Healthcare Innovation, 215–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55780-3_9.
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de Carvalho, Gabriela y Lorraine Frisina Doetter. "The Washington Consensus and the Push for Neoliberal Social Policies in Latin America: The Impact of International Organisations on Colombian Healthcare Reform". En International Impacts on Social Policy, 211–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86645-7_17.
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AbstractStarting in 1973, healthcare reforms took place in 20 Latin American countries, as a result of state modernisation and the influence of international organisations. At the same period, the World Bank had become the major healthcare reform advocate in the region, pushing for neoliberal models in line with the Washington Consensus (WC) paradigm. Under these circumstances, Colombia undertook a major change to its system, and existing scholarship suggests that healthcare reform in the country was a product of international influences. This chapter analyses the impact of the principles defined by the WC on the 1993 Colombian healthcare reform. We examine national healthcare legislation to identify how the “neoliberal health model” proposed by the WC translated into the language and measures subsequently adopted in Colombia.
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Malinar, Ante. "Anti-communist Backlash in the Croatian Healthcare System". En Global Dynamics of Social Policy, 239–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91088-4_8.
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AbstractThe chapter explains the process of reforming the financial dimension of the Croatian healthcare system during the 1990–1993 period. Process tracing and qualitative content analysis are used to establish the causal mechanisms that underpinned these policy changes. Three mechanisms—doctors enter politics, old system departure, seeking solutions abroad—form a complex mechanism of anti-communist backlash. It shows that domestic physicians were crucial actors in the reform process. Moreover, their prevailing dissatisfaction with the communist healthcare system pushed the reforms in a new direction and stimulated a horizontal policy transfer process in which policy makers drew positive and negative lessons from Western and Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries. The outcome was a hybrid healthcare system based on Bismarckian, Beveridgean and neoliberal principles.
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Psalti, Ioanna y Michael Paschke. "Moral ecosystems: Exploring the business dimension in healthcare reforms". En Handbook of Primary Care Ethics, 315–26. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2018]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315155487-39.
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Aka, Philip C. "Four Hallmarks of a Good Healthcare System: A Guide for Healthcare Reforms in Bosnia". En Genetic Counseling and Preventive Medicine in Post-War Bosnia, 45–69. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7987-5_4.
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Balogun, Joseph Abiodun. "The Political and Economic Reforms Needed to Achieve Universal and High-Quality Health Care in Nigeria". En The Nigerian Healthcare System, 361–406. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88863-3_12.
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Wendt, Claus y Elias Naumann. "Demand for Healthcare Reform by Public Opinion and Medical Professionals: A Comparative Survey Analysis". En Welfare State Reforms Seen from Below, 129–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63652-8_6.
Texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Healthcare reforms"
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Meparishvili, Davit, Manana Maridashvili y Ekaterine Sanikidze. "FINANCING AND EFFECTIVENESS OF GEORGIAN HEALTHCARE SYSTEM". En Proceedings of the XXXI International Scientific and Practical Conference. RS Global Sp. z O.O., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_conf/30082021/7650.
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Assessing the effectiveness of the Georgian healthcare system in the modern period and conditions, takes into account the results achieved, as well as the main problems that hinder the effective functioning of this important field; At the same time, it is important to develop the main directions of their solution, where we consider the improvement of the state policy-making process during the implementation of reforms in the healthcare sector, which should take into account the state of health of the population, quality of healthcare services, results, health care; furthermore disease prevention, equality, financial provision, access to health care, efficiency, rational allocation of health care system resources and other key features of the health care system.
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Rahmanov, Farhad y Elchin Suleymanov. "Analysis of Innovative Potential in Healthcare Management of the Republic of Azerbaijan". En International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02357.
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In the paper we have studied the progress and results of reforms in the healthcare system of Azerbaijan, the role of national programs for the modernization of various health sectors in strengthening public health in context of the problems facing the Azerbaijani economy. A notable progress is being made in the transformation of the delivery system medical care for the population over the years of reform. Particular attention is paid to the issues of medical science, improving the system of training medical personnel, increasing the reliability of medical data, and the introduction of information and communication technologies in the health sector. There is a need to develop and implement a model of the medical information system for medical institutions as a key element in the development of priority national health programs. The paper pays attention to the improvement of the organization, management, and financial support of the medical care system. In this regard, it is noted that it is necessary to apply the most effective ways of organizing medical care and using the available resource potential based on the introduction of innovative management technologies.
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Partenie, Veronica. "THE BOLOGNA PROCESS: BETWEEN PAST REFORMS AND THE INNOVATIVE FUTURE". En SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY, SOCIOLOGY AND HEALTHCARE, EDUCATION. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b13/s3.114.
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Timakov, I. "РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ РЕФОРМЫ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАРЕЛИЯ". En Perspektivy social`no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiia prigranichnyh regionov 2019. Институт экономики - обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра "Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36867/br.2019.55.25.080.
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В статье проанализированы изменения элементов системы здравоохранении в Республике Карелия в результате проведенных реформ. С помощью методов статистического и дескриптивного анализа, нами были выявлены особенности структурных изменений и сопутствующие последствия для доступности здравоохранения в регионе. С целью улучшения доступности, обоснована приоритетность расширения возможностей здравоохранения в пространстве всего региона, особенно в сельской местности. In the article we analyzed changes in the healthcare system in the Republic of Karelia as a result of state reforms. Using the methods of statistical and descriptive analysis, we have identified the features of structural changes and the attendant consequences for the accessibility of regional health care. In order to improve accessibility, we propose to pay attention to the expansion of healthcare opportunities in the entire region, especially in rural areas.
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Prinja, Shankar, Pankaj Bahuguna, Deepak Balasubramaniam, Atul Sharma y Rajesh Kumar. "ANALYSING INEQUALITY IN USE OF HEALTHCARE SERVICES: IMPLICATIONS FOR TARGETING WITHIN UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE REFORMS". En EPHP 2016, Bangalore, 8–9 July 2016, Third national conference on bringing Evidence into Public Health Policy Equitable India: All for Health and Wellbeing. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2016-ephpabstracts.32.
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Petersone, Mara, Ingars Erins y Karlis Ketners. "Is Latvia Ready For The Value-Based Healthcare Era?" En 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002130.
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The Value Based Health Care (VBHC) has recently become the leading conceptual approach to health care in the world, but no value-based healthcare programme has yet been established in Latvia. Despite the critical interest in the implementation of VBHC programmes on the part of the health sector stakeholders, still the key persons in VBHC programmes are physicians. Goal of research: To clarify the views of physicians and young physicians on values-based health care fundamental principles and their vision for their further inclusion in Latvian health care. Method: The research uses data from a survey conducted among physicians and young physicians who practice at Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital.Results: 42% of physicians responded that patient surveys on the effectiveness of treatment for certain groups of patients could help to improve the results of treatment; 51% of physicians responded that patient surveys on their experience during treatment can help to improve their treatment results; much more cautious were physicians regarding the question whether comparing the results of treatment between physicians teams/hospitals could help to improve the results – 39% replied ‘Yes’ and 24% ‘Rather yes than no’; similarly cautious was the reply to the question whether the voluntary public availability of treatment results from a medical treatment facility could have a positive impact on the visibility of the service provider – 31% replied ‘Yes’ and 25% ‘Rather yes’; the convincing 82% of replies were to the question whether an exchange of experience and knowledge in the team of physicians helps to improve the results of treatment; the convincing majority of 86% of physicians believe that a multidisciplinary team of physicians can help improve the results of treatment; as a positive response, can be considered that 63% of respondents think that reforms in health care may be initiated not only by the Ministry of Health. The most interesting answer would be to the question of what management strategies should be developed in the healthcare system, where the first place, with 349 points, was taken by the answer “Cooperation with external partners (manufacturers, scientific centres, insurers, IT and other service providers)”.Conclusions: The results of the survey show that the application of VBHC principles will not contradict to views of physicians on traditional management models in health care and their role in it.Proposals: However, prior to starting the introduction of VBHC programmes in Latvian health care, there are grounds for launching discussions on the benefits of VBHC compared to the traditional management model. Policy recommendations: For hospital management and health sector supervisors to avoid resistance of physicians to implementing VBHC, the strategy should focus not on VBHC resource-efficient programmes but on patient-centred healthcare.
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Olivares, S., MA Jiménez, J. Valencia, M. Turrubiates y J. ValdezGarcía. "CHALLENGE BASED LEARNING FOR PATIENT CENTERDERNESS: EDUCATIONAL REFORM". En The 7th International Conference on Education 2021. The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/24246700.2021.7132.
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The purpose of this study was to gather recommendations from organizational leaders, faculty, and students as an input to curricular reform for healthcare programs. The method was a qualitative research with a focus group and interviews with 26 leaders, faculty, and students. Focus group participants were leaders who dialogued reflect on the future tasks of healthcare professionals of the future. The data from the focus group was analysed learning environment dimensions. Five themes emerged from the focus groups. Eight leaders from associations, hospitals and medical schools remarked the importance on: 1) patient centered care, emphasis on prevention and well-being, 2) professionalism and identity formation, 4) innovation, research, and technology, 5) leadership for healthcare systems. Interviews showed that biomedical contents develop critical thinking and self-directed learning. Interviewees recommended starting patient care earlier on the program. There was a significant curricular reform to address opportunities and suggestions from participants. Perspectives from different stakeholders helped to develop inter-professional education for five programs. Patient Centeredness is learned from the first year of the programs through challenge-based learning. This approach which started on August 2019 is intended to develop leaders for the improvement of the healthcare systems. Even that scientific and technological advances demand radical change for universities, there are centuries of history that restrain them. At Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences an integrated curriculum with challenges for wellness instead of diseases is now a reality. Keywords: Challenge Based Learning, Curriculum design, Patient Centered Care, Leadership, Higher education
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Taylor, Ellen y Sue Hignett. "Patient Safety, Human Factors & Ergonomics, and Design: The Environment as a Larger-Scale Strategy to Reduce Falls". En Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100535.
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Falls are a key consideration for patient safety and play a prominent role under US legislation for affordable care. The built environment can either enhance safe practices and policy or act as an impediment for safe patient care. Falls are associated increased length of stay in hospitals and higher healthcare costs due to additional care, discharges to institutional care and litigation claims. With an increased focus on reimbursement related to patient safety as part of healthcare reform in the USA, organizations are becoming more aware of their own shortcomings and grappling with solutions to improve performance – typically people and processes. Yet the influence of the built environment, the space in which care is provided, can act as a barrier or enhancement to achieving the desired results – physically, cognitively, and organizationally. This paper presents the results from a mixed methods literature review on healthcare facility environmental design and falls. It is part of on-going research for the development of a Safety Risk Assessment (SRA) tool to promote discussion for proactive decision-making during the design of healthcare facility projects.
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Luther, Raminder y Youqin Pan. "Effect of Massachusetts healthcare reform on financial performance of healthcare providers: Panel data analysis". En 2015 12th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2015.7170177.
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Simpson, Stephen R. "The Management of Healthcare Reform in a West African Oil Company". En SPE Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/35770-ms.
Texto completoInformes sobre el tema "Healthcare reforms"
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Savedoff, William, Pedro Bernal, Marcella Distrutti, Laura Goyoneche y Carolina Bernal. Open configuration options Going Beyond Normal Challenges for Health and Healthcare in Latin America and the Caribbean Exposed by Covid-19. Inter-American Development Bank, mayo de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004242.
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This technical note describes how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected Latin America and the Caribbean, and considers the implications for future population health, health spending, healthcare service reforms, and investments to prepare for future health emergencies. It provides a summary of the few existing empirical studies and then contributes original analysis using administrative data from hospitals and vital registration systems in five countries. It shows substantial declines in health and healthcare delivery during the first year of the pandemic, especially for preventive and elective care. Some countries were able to return healthcare to historical levels, while others were still below average in 2021. The study concludes with reflections on how the pandemic has altered health policy recommendations for the region, generating a greater sense of urgency to make progress on long-standing agendas such as eliminating fragmentation, integrating care, and pursuing digital transformation while reordering priorities toward investments in emergency preparedness, disease surveillance, resilience, and self-sufficiency. In other words, going beyond normal.
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Sproat, David B. Leveraging National Healthcare Reform to Improve Army National Guard Readiness. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada521795.
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Herrera, Cristian. How do strategies to change organizational culture affect healthcare performance? SUPPORT, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/1608114.
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‘Organizational culture’ refers to characteristics shared by people who work within the same organization. These characteristics may include beliefs, values, norms of behaviour, routines, and traditions. The management of organizational culture is viewed increasingly as a necessary part of health system reform. It is therefore important for policymakers to be aware how strategies to improve organizational culture affect healthcare performance.
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Gruber, Jonathan, Nathaniel Hendren y Robert Townsend. Demand and Reimbursement Effects of Healthcare Reform: Health Care Utilization and Infant Mortality in Thailand. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, enero de 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17739.
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Al-Ississ, Mohamad y Nolan Miller. What Does Health Reform Mean for the Healthcare Industry? Evidence from the Massachusetts Special Senate Election. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, julio de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16193.
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Idris, Iffat. Increasing Birth Registration for Children of Marginalised Groups in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), julio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.102.
Texto completoResumen
This review looks at approaches to promote birth registration among marginalised groups, in order to inform programming in Pakistan. It draws on a mixture of academic and grey literature, in particular reports by international development organizations. While there is extensive literature on rates of birth registration and the barriers to this, and consensus on approaches to promote registration, the review found less evidence of measures specifically aimed at marginalised groups. Gender issues are addressed to some extent, particularly in understanding barriers to registration, but the literature was largely disability-blind. The literature notes that birth registration is considered as a fundamental human right, allowing access to services such as healthcare and education; it is the basis for obtaining other identity documents, e.g. driving licenses and passports; it protects children, e.g. from child marriage; and it enables production of vital statistics to support government planning and resource allocation. Registration rates are generally lower than average for vulnerable children, e.g. from minority groups, migrants, refugees, children with disabilities. Discriminatory policies against minorities, restrictions on movement, lack of resources, and lack of trust in government are among the ‘additional’ barriers affecting the most marginalised. Women, especially unmarried women, also face greater challenges in getting births registered. General approaches to promoting birth registration include legal and policy reform, awareness-raising activities, capacity building of registration offices, integration of birth registration with health services/education/social safety nets, and the use of digital technology to increase efficiency and accessibility.