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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Health biotechnologies"

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Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 18 de mayo de 2024

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1

Arundel, Anthony, Ioana Valeanu y David Sawaya. "Human Health Biotechnologies to 2015". OECD Journal: General Papers 2009, n.º 3 (4 de diciembre de 2009): 113–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/gen_papers-2009-5kmjkjtfxdg7.

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2

Kamakura, Takashi. "Biotechnologies in Plant-Protection". Journal of Pesticide Science 28, n.º 4 (2003): 466–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.28.466.

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3

Azodi, Christina B. y Thomas Dietz. "Perceptions of emerging biotechnologies". Environmental Research Letters 14, n.º 11 (30 de octubre de 2019): 114018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab4433.

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4

Carbone, A. "New biotechnologies: Spin-off on health and society". International Journal of Biological Markers 17, n.º 1 (2002): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jbm.2008.3118.

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5

Carbone, A. "New Biotechnologies: Spin-off on Health and Society". International Journal of Biological Markers 17, n.º 1 (enero de 2002): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460080201700101.

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New biotechnologies and the new biology deriving from them are having a revolutionary impact on economy and society and are consequently transforming the role of researchers, which is changing continually to meet the competence required. The advances in human genetics on the other hand make it necessary to look for different approaches and new rules in bioethics. Comprehensive views and careful considerations are therefore needed in order that this new biology may have a positive impact on health, being respectful of the social and ethical principles of human beings.

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6

Daar, Abdallah S., Halla Thorsteinsdóttir, Douglas K. Martin, Alyna C. Smith, Shauna Nast y Peter A. Singer. "Top ten biotechnologies for improving health in developing countries". Nature Genetics 32, n.º 2 (octubre de 2002): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1002-229.

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7

Bielikova, Nadiia y Ivan Yaroshenko. "Prospects for the development of innovative nano- and biotechnologies". Acta Innovations, n.º 32 (1 de julio de 2019): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.32.1.

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Nano- and biotechnologies are the key elements of the complex of NBIC-technologies, developed within the concept of continuous growth of innovations in the context of the transition to the sixth technological mode. The purpose of the article is to study the prospects for the development of nano- and biotechnologies in various sectors of the economy, as well as explore opportunities for accelerating the commercialization of research results in these areas. The article’s relevance is confirmed by the strengthening of the role of nano- and biotechnologies in the sphere of innovation development of countries worldwide. The results of the study have shown that the nanotechnology market has a divergent structure, and the basic characteristic of nanoproducts is their interdisciplinary nature. The world leaders in the production and commercialization of nanotechnologies are the United States, China, Japan, Germany and South Korea. Biotechnologies are developing rapidly as well. Worldwide, the largest number of biotechnologies is created in areas such as health care (biomedicine and biopharmaceuticals), industry and agriculture. The leading countries in the field of development and commercialization of biotechnologies are the United States, France, Germany and South Korea.

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8

Salerno, Simona, Enrico Drioli y Loredana De Bartolo. "Membrane and Membrane Bioreactors Applied to Health and Life Sciences". Membranes 12, n.º 6 (9 de junio de 2022): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12060598.

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9

Fenyvesi, Éva y Tamás Sohajda. "Cyclodextrin-enabled green environmental biotechnologies". Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29, n.º 14 (22 de enero de 2022): 20085–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18176-w.

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10

Molochaeva, Luiza, Magomed Suleymanov y Satsita Mutsalova. "Industrial biotechnologies: Global technology trends". E3S Web of Conferences 451 (2023): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345102010.

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Because of the depletion and deterioration of fossil sources of raw materials, adverse climate change in populations, pollution, environmental pollution and other factors, it is important to develop a bioeconomy based on its use of new resources of raw materials and technology for processing them. It is worth noting that the most important task for development of industrial biotechnology, the pharmaceutical industry and forest complex, bioenergy and other products has to provide new raw materials with the required properties. In many ways, the problem is resolved by creating fast-growing plant for different purposes obtained by biotechnological methods, and also to obtain non-traditional renewable raw materials (microalgae, biomass of cultivated cells from high plants, etc.). Another special place is occupied by technologies for the production and use of unicellular organisms (microalgae, yeast and bacterial producers), as well as technologies for the production and use of unicellular organisms (microalgae, yeast and bacterial producers), as well as plant transformants. Plant transformants and microclonal propagation are also used in this field.

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11

Willis, Evan. "Public health, private genes: The social context of genetic biotechnologies". Critical Public Health 8, n.º 2 (junio de 1998): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09581599808402900.

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12

Zhang, Feng. "Harnessing Nature’s Diversity for Developing New Biotechnologies". Molecular Frontiers Journal 03, n.º 02 (diciembre de 2019): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2529732519400169.

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Molecular biologists today make use of a number of technologies based on natural products or systems, essentially using the wonders of life to further discover wonderous things about life. This cycle is powered by the immense amount of natural diversity. Here I highlight how one natural system, CRISPR, has been engineered for a range of applications aimed at improving human health and discuss possible ways natural diversity may be leveraged in the future.

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13

Van Eenennaam, Alison L. "The Current and Future Uses of Biotechnology in Animal Agriculture". Ceiba 54, n.º 1 (3 de agosto de 2016): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ceiba.v54i1.2782.

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Biotechnologies have been an integral part of improvements in animal genetics, nutrition and health over the past century. Many biotechnologies have become fundamental components of efficient livestock production systems. The genetic improvements that have been enabled by biotechnologies have dramatically decreased the environmental footprint of animal protein production in many parts of the world, and continued innovation is required to address the projected increase in demand for animal products in the future. Breeding programs increasingly utilize a combination of advanced reproductive technologies and genomic tools to accelerate the rate of genetic gain by manipulating components of the breeder’s equation. The use of these biotechnologies and breeding methods has met with little public opposition. In contrast, the use of modern biotechnologies, defined as those that employ the use of in vitro nucleic acid techniques, have been highly controversial, especially those involving the use of genetic engineering. This modern biotechnology distinction is somewhat arbitrary as there are a number of biotechnologies that involve the use of in vitro processes, and many result in genetic modifications that are indistinguishable from the naturally-occurring variation that is the driver of both traditional breeding programs and evolution. A number of useful traits including disease resistance and animal welfare traits have been successfully introduced into various livestock species using both genetic engineering and gene editing techniques. Ultimately these techniques complement the genetic improvement that can be accomplished using traditional selection techniques and, if judged acceptable, offer an opportunity to synergistically accelerate genetic improvement in food animal species.

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14

Kelly, Susan E. "Assisting Reproduction, Testing Genes: Global Encounters with New Biotechnologies". Sociology of Health & Illness 33, n.º 3 (marzo de 2011): 500–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9566.2011.01334.x.

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15

Von Hagel, Alisa. "Federalism and bioethics: Women's health and the regulation of oocyte donation". Politics and the Life Sciences 33, n.º 1 (2014): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2990/33_1_79.

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The absence of comprehensive federal oversight of human biotechnologies in the United States continues to stimulate academic discourse on the relative merits of European-style regulatory agencies as compared to the current, decentralized approach. Many American bioethicists support the latter, maintaining that the key features of federalism—policy experimentation and moral pluralism—allows for the efficient regulation of these complex and contentious issues. This paper examines state-level regulation of oocyte donation to assess claims regarding the superiority of this decentralized regulatory approach. Further, this paper introduces an additional element to this examination of state law, which concerns the degree to which the health and safety of key participants is addressed at the state level. This inquiry assesses one facet of fertility medicine and biomedical research law, oocyte donation, an analysis that can be used to inform the broader discourse regarding the regulation of human biotechnologies and bioethical issues by the states.

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16

Dalai, Sudeb C., Julia Greissl, Mitch Pesesky, Allison W. Rebman, Mark J. Soloski, Elizabeth J. Horn, Jennifer N. Dines et al. "LB17. Immunosequencing of the T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Reveals Signatures Specific for Diagnosis and Characterization of Early Lyme Disease". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (1 de noviembre de 2021): S813—S814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.1653.

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Abstract Background Changing climate and demographic trends have led to recent increases in the incidence of tick-borne illnesses. Early diagnosis of Lyme disease (LD) is critical for initiation of antibiotics to mitigate symptoms and prevent late manifestations. In patients not presenting with a typical erythema migrans rash, 2-tiered serologic testing is recommended to support a diagnosis of LD. However, 2-tiered testing is limited by ambiguity in interpretation and low sensitivity in early disease, highlighting an unmet clinical need for alternative diagnostic approaches. We identified a clinical signal for early LD based on evaluation of the T-cell response to B. burgdorferi infection. Methods We immunosequenced T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires in blood samples from 3 independent cohorts of patients with laboratory-confirmed or clinically diagnosed early LD and endemic/non-endemic controls to identify 251 public, LD-associated TCRs. These TCRs were used to train a classifier that identified early LD with 99% specificity. Classifier sensitivity was evaluated in 211 LD cases and 2631 endemic controls and compared to that of standard 2-tiered testing (STTT). Biologic specificity was assessed by correlating TCR assay scores with clinical measures and by mapping the antigen specificity of Lyme-associated TCRs to B. burgdorferi antigens. Figure 1. LD-associated TCRs distinguish cases (orange) from controls (blue) in training cohorts. (A) Logistic-growth curve used to define a scoring function. (B) Positive-call threshold (99th percentile in endemic controls). Results In early LD, TCR testing demonstrated a 1.9-fold increase in sensitivity compared to STTT (56% vs 30%), with a 3.1-fold increase ≤4 days from the onset of symptoms (44% vs 14%). TCR positivity predicted subsequent seroconversion in 37% of initially STTT-negative patients, suggesting the T-cell response is detectable before the humoral response. While positivity for both tests declined following treatment, greater declines in posttreatment sensitivity were observed for STTT compared to TCR testing. Higher TCR scores were associated with measures of disease severity, including abnormal liver function tests, disseminated rash, and number of symptoms. A subset of LD-associated TCRs mapped to B. burgdorferi antigens, demonstrating the high specificity of a TCR immunosequencing approach. Figure 2. Validation of the TCR classifier in the JHU cohort and other holdout endemic controls. Distribution of model scores (A) and assay sensitivity (B). Model scores (C) and ROC (D) curves by serostatus. Figure 3. Clinical correlates of TCR scoring. (A) Liver function test; (B) lymphocyte count, (C) rash presentation, (D) number of symptoms. Conclusion T-cell-based testing has potential clinical utility as a sensitive and specific diagnostic for early LD, particularly in the initial days of illness. Disclosures Sudeb C. Dalai, MD, PhD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Employee, Shareholder) Julia Greissl, PhD, Microsoft (Employee, Shareholder) Mitch Pesesky, PhD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Employee, Shareholder) Allison W. Rebman, MPH, Global Lyme Alliance (Research Grant or Support)Steven and Alexandra Cohen Foundation (Research Grant or Support) Mark J. Soloski, PhD, NIH grant P30 AR070254 (Grant/Research Support)Steven and Alexandra Cohen Foundation (Research Grant or Support) Elizabeth J. Horn, PhD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Research Grant or Support)Bay Area Lyme Foundation (Research Grant or Support)Lyme Disease Biobank (Employee)Steven and Alexandra Cohen Foundation (Research Grant or Support) Jennifer N. Dines, MD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Employee, Shareholder) Rachel M. Gittelman, PhD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Employee, Shareholder) Thomas M. Snyder, PhD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Employee, Shareholder) Ryan O. Emerson, PhD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Other Financial or Material Support, Employment with Adaptive Biotechnologies during the time of this study) Edward Meeds, PhD, Microsoft (Employee, Shareholder) Thomas Manley, MD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Other Financial or Material Support, Declares employment with Adaptive Biotechnologies during the time of this study) Ian M. Kaplan, PhD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Employee, Shareholder) Lance Baldo, MD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Employee, Shareholder, Leadership Interest) Jonathan M. Carlson, PhD, Microsoft (Employee, Shareholder) Harlan S. Robins, PhD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Board Member, Employee, Shareholder) John Aucott, MD, Adaptive Biotechnologies (Advisor or Review Panel member)Bay Area Lyme Foundation (Other Financial or Material Support, Scientific Advisory Board member)Department of Health and Human Services (Other Financial or Material Support, Past Chair, 2018, HHS Tick-borne Disease Working Group, Office of HIV/AIDS and Infectious Disease Policy, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health)Expert testimony (Other Financial or Material Support, Expert testimony)Global Lyme Alliance (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer (Consultant)Steven and Alexandra Cohen Foundation (Research Grant or Support)Tarsus Pharmaceuticals (Consultant)

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17

Wolfe, Daniel y Roxanne Saucier. "Biotechnologies and the future of opioid addiction treatments". International Journal of Drug Policy 88 (febrero de 2021): 103041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103041.

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18

Pardo, Camilo Noguera y Alejandro Castaño Bedoya. "Biolaw, Digital Hyperconsuption and Cognitive Vulnerability: Towards a Biojuridical Resignification of Bioethical Principles for the Protection of Cognitive Health". Revista Justiça do Direito 36, n.º 2 (3 de octubre de 2022): 6–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5335/rjd.v36i2.13454.

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Cognitive health is necessary for human development. However, the hyperconsumption of biotechnologies (smartphones, internet, video games, social networks, virtual reality) can cause damage to cognitive health and, therefore, to human health and development. Consequently, such research focuses on limiting the consumption of specific technologies in minors in order to protect their health. This research is divided in five parts: the contextualization on the colonization of biotechnological consumption; a diagnosis of neuronal violence and consequences for human development; a review of the cognition sequelae due to the abuse of biotechnologies, based on selected medical research; an exposition on the necessary relationships between the moral order and the legal one, from philosophical realism and natural law approaches; proposal of minimum fundamental rules, based, in turn, on a biojuridical specification of principles to protect cognitive health, which serve as preliminary support to elaborate a future Universal Declaration for the Protection of Cognitive Health, as an essential biological basis for human development.

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19

Kloppenburg, Jack. "Alternative agriculture and the new biotechnologies". Science as Culture 2, n.º 4 (enero de 1991): 482–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09505439109526325.

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20

Erickson, Brent, Rina Singh y Paul Winters. "Synthetic Biology: Regulating Industry Uses of New Biotechnologies". Science 333, n.º 6047 (1 de septiembre de 2011): 1254–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1211066.

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In our view, synthetic biology is an extension of the continuum of genetic science that has been used safely for more than 40 years by the biotechnology industry in the development of commercial products. Examples of synthetic biology use by biotechnology companies illustrate the potential to substantially reduce research and development time and to increase speed to market. Improvements in the speed and cost of DNA synthesis are enabling scientists to design modified bacterial chromosomes that can be used in the production of renewable chemicals, biofuels, bioproducts, renewable specialty chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, fine chemicals, food ingredients, and health care products. Regulatory options should support innovation and commercial development of new products while protecting the public from potential harms.

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21

Monteiro, Ana Paula Teixeira de Almeida Vieir. "Cyborgs, biotechnologies, and informatics in health care - new paradigms in nursing sciences". Nursing Philosophy 17, n.º 1 (28 de abril de 2015): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nup.12088.

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22

Gupta, Kristina. "Anti-Love Biotechnologies: Integrating Considerations of the Social". American Journal of Bioethics 13, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2013): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2013.839771.

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23

Shoener, B. D., I. M. Bradley, R. D. Cusick y J. S. Guest. "Energy positive domestic wastewater treatment: the roles of anaerobic and phototrophic technologies". Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts 16, n.º 6 (2014): 1204–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3em00711a.

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24

Galyukova, M. I. "Biosafety Architectonics". Lex Russica 75, n.º 10 (18 de octubre de 2022): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2022.191.10.054-067.

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The paper examines the issues of biosafety as an independent direction of national security. The development of biotechnologies inevitably leads to the emergence of new threats to society and the state, requires a comprehensive study of the current legislation in the field of security. The paper elucidates scientific approaches to the definition of biosafety in a narrow and broad senses. The author notes that the appearance of the official definition of biosafety is a significant step in the development of the system of interdepartmental interaction and an independent direction of national security, but by no means a revolutionary novation. In addition, the paper provides a semantic and meaningful analysis of the concepts of biorisk, biohazard, biological factor, determines the relationship of biological threats and biotechnologies. The paper defines a new independent component of biological safety, namely, genetic safety. The author notes the positive dynamics of biosafety development as one of the directions of national policy and at the same time states obvious legislative and methodological gaps. First, a biohazard is the result of the transformation of a biorisk into a concrete factual circumstance that creates a real danger to human life and health, as well as the security of society, the state and humanity. Second, there is no concept of biotechnologies, their types and classification through the prism of biosafety. Third, genetic safety is an independent component of biological safety. The concept of «genetic safety» should be developed. Fourth, biosafety is an independent vector of the national policy of the state aimed at the effective prevention of biological threats, as well as the development of biotechnologies without risk to human life and health by creating a high-quality legislative framework, an adequate level of law enforcement, the formation of legal awareness and legal culture of the population.

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25

Brown, Graham, William Leonard, Anthony Lyons, Jennifer Power, Dirk Sander, William McColl, Ronald Johnson, Cary James, Matthew Hodson y Marina Carman. "Stigma, gay men and biomedical prevention: the challenges and opportunities of a rapidly changing HIV prevention landscape". Sexual Health 14, n.º 1 (2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh16052.

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Improvements in biomedical technologies, combined with changing social attitudes to sexual minorities, provide new opportunities for HIV prevention among gay and other men who have sex with men (GMSM). The potential of these new biomedical technologies (biotechnologies) to reduce HIV transmission and the impact of HIV among GMSM will depend, in part, on the degree to which they challenge prejudicial attitudes, practices and stigma directed against gay men and people living with HIV (PLHIV). At the structural level, stigma regarding gay men and HIV can influence the scale-up of new biotechnologies and negatively affect GMSM’s access to and use of these technologies. At the personal level, stigma can affect individual gay men’s sense of value and confidence as they negotiate serodiscordant relationships or access services. This paper argues that maximising the benefits of new biomedical technologies depends on reducing stigma directed at sexual minorities and people living with HIV and promoting positive social changes towards and within GMSM communities. HIV research, policy and programs will need to invest in: (1) responding to structural and institutional stigma; (2) health promotion and health services that recognise and work to address the impact of stigma on GMSM’s incorporation of new HIV prevention biotechnologies; (3) enhanced mobilisation and participation of GMSM and PLHIV in new approaches to HIV prevention; and (4) expanded approaches to research and evaluation in stigma reduction and its relationship with HIV prevention. The HIV response must become bolder in resourcing, designing and evaluating programs that interact with and influence stigma at multiple levels, including structural-level stigma.

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26

Rüppel, Jonas y Torsten H. Voigt. "The Death of the Clinic? Emerging Biotechnologies and the Reconfiguration of Mental Health". Science, Technology, & Human Values 44, n.º 4 (7 de junio de 2019): 567–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162243919853619.

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27

O'Day, Elizabeth, Leticia Hosta-Rigau, Diego A. Oyarzún, Hideyuki Okano, Víctor de Lorenzo, Conrad von Kameke, Habiba Alsafar et al. "Are We There Yet? How and When Specific Biotechnologies Will Improve Human Health". Biotechnology Journal 14, n.º 1 (13 de junio de 2018): 1800195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biot.201800195.

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28

Wolfe, Daniel y Roxanne Saucier. "Reprint of: Biotechnologies and the future of opioid addiction treatments". International Journal of Drug Policy 94 (agosto de 2021): 103273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103273.

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29

Zhang, Hui, Cuilian Zhang, Jing Wang, Yongguang Yang, Yubao Wei, Zhenxiang Zhang y Yuming Wang. "Governance of Emerging Biotechnologies: Lessons from Two Chinese Cases". American Journal of Bioethics 22, n.º 1 (28 de diciembre de 2021): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2021.2001110.

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30

Burzyński, Tomasz. "Post-Patienthood. Health Risks and the Reflexivity of Self-Embodiment". Er(r)go. Teoria - Literatura - Kultura, n.º 46 (29 de junio de 2023): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/errgo.13405.

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By discussing social and technological developments in the system of biomedicine, the article aims to postulate an identity pattern in which human embodiment is inscribed in the context of advanced biotechnologies, especially genetics and genomics. The concept of post-patienthood refers to individual identity as a construct that relates the person’s present medical condition to a range of possible future scenarios, each formulated on the basis of genetic susceptibility to a particular disease. The post-patient, therefore, is neither healthy nor ill, and the present medical condition could be irrelevant to their sense of embodiment.

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31

Pouteau, Sylvie. "Chapitre 1. Biotechnologies : la vie en morceaux et l'éthique en péril". Journal International de Bioéthique 17, n.º 3 (2006): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/jib.173.0015.

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32

Leone Peter Andrade. "Journal of Bioengineering and Technology Applied to Health: A New Journal of Health Institute of Technology - ITS/SENAI CIMATEC". JOURNAL OF BIOENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY APPLIED TO HEALTH 2, n.º 1 (30 de agosto de 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.34178/jbth.v2i1.33.

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The biotechnology and innovation market grows exponentially in Latin America. With the new purpose of incorporating 4.0 concept into the area of healthcare, an enormous number of new scientific information in technologies applied to health are available. In this sense, ITS/SENAI CIMATEC created The Journal of Bioengineering and Technology Applied to Health (JBTH) in order to publish articles related to the most recent advancement discoveries and applications in the field of bioengineering, biotechnologies, Big Data, nanotechnologies, molecular engineering, biochips, medical electronics, medical devices and instrument guided surgeries, biomechanics, clinical engineering, genetic engineering, photonics, new therapeutic strategies including steam cell therapies, gene therapy, new molecular biology discoveries and any scientific reliable information on advanced and very latest research topics.

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33

Toraason, Mark, Richard Albertini, Steven Bayard, William Bigbee, Aaron Blair, Paolo Boffetta, Stefano Bonassi et al. "Applying new biotechnologies to the study of occupational cancer--a workshop summary." Environmental Health Perspectives 112, n.º 4 (marzo de 2004): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.6343.

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34

Abashidze, Aslan Kh y Vladislav S. Malichenko. "International legal regulation of the circulation of dual-use biotechnologies". RUDN Journal of Law 27, n.º 3 (15 de diciembre de 2023): 541–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2023-27-3-541-563.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the vulnerability of each country, regardless of the economic well-being and health system development, highlighting the need for further rethinking of the global security and human security concepts. The need to sustain the spread of infectious diseases, as well as the treatment of life-threatening diseases, determine the relevance of scientific research on all key aspects related to the development of technologies, both by states and non-state actors. In view of the efforts made over the past decades, significant advances have been made in the field of biotechnology, which allows to detect the vulnerability of viruses, as well as to influence the genes responsible for the development of diseases. Such trends not only contribute to ensuring the human right to health and the right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress, but also bring humanity closer to executing Sustainable Development Goals. The reverse side of the scientific research increase is the expansion of the availability of scientific data, as well as the simplification of the reproduction of various technological solutions, which leads to the risk of their use for military and terrorist purposes. The development of technologies, the use of which can not only counteract life-threatening diseases, but also create new threats to human security, has influenced the formation of the term “dual-use technologies” in the scientific literature and documents of international organizations. The article presents a systematic analysis of biotechnologies impact on the formation of “human security” concept, as well as the definition of “biological security” concept. The authors consistently consider international treaties, as well as documents of international intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations in the field of regulating the circulation of technologies that pose a threat to state security. Special attention is paid to the consideration of the features of control over the spread of biological agents in the context of the activities of the European Union, as well as ensuring the implementation of the national security strategy of the Russian Federation.

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35

Schweitzer, M. G. y N. Puig-Vergès. "Biotechnologies et filiation. Questions pour l’attachement et la parentalité". Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 160, n.º 4 (mayo de 2002): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4487(02)00178-6.

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36

Patel, Krish, Neil Bailey, Cristina J. Gasparetto, Tomer Mark, Bijal Shah, Jakub Svoboda, Michael A. Thompson et al. "Real World Observational Study Using Clonoseq® Next Generation Sequencing in Hematologic Malignancies: The 'Watch' Registry". Blood 136, Supplement 1 (5 de noviembre de 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-141440.

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Background: Clinical response data from trials of investigational agents performed over the past several years in various B-cell malignancies has demonstrated significant improvements in the treatment of these diseases. Despite greatly improved overall response rates, a subset of patients relapses in the short-term while others enjoy prolonged disease-free intervals. These short-term relapses are attributable to residual tumor cells after treatment, but at levels too low for detection by standard clinical assessments. Minimal residual disease (MRD) has emerged as a highly sensitive response assessment tool to measure tumor cells present at a level of 1:10,000 cells or lower via a variety of technologies and platforms. The clonoSEQ® Assay has been cleared by the Food and Drug Administration to detect MRD in the bone marrow of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and multiple myeloma (MM) and in either blood or bone marrow for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The clonoSEQ Assay can also be used as a laboratory developed test (LDT) to detect MRD in other B-cell malignancies including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and in additional sample types such as blood and plasma. Methods: The clonoSEQ Assay utilizes multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and next generation sequencing (NGS) to identify frequency and distribution of clonal sequences associated with a malignant lymphocyte population in an individual patient sample. The principle of this assay is based on the identification of rearranged IgH (VDJ), IgH (DJ), IgK, and IgL receptor gene sequences, as well as translocated BCL1/IgH (J) and BCL2/IgH (J) sequences. The sensitivity of the assay is < 1:1,000,000 when provided sufficient sample input. The Watch Registry is a prospective, multicenter observational study being conducted in the U.S. and is collecting data from health care providers who use the clonoSEQ Assay as part of routine clinical practice for their patients with ALL, MM, CLL, and NHL. Data collection is focused on the rationale for clonoSEQ Assay use and the subsequent treatment decisions by participating investigators in order to better understand the implementation and impact of this assay in the standard care of hematologic malignancies. The Watch Registry will also evaluate changing practice patterns over a period of at least 3 years. Patients are eligible if they are ³ 18 years old, have been diagnosed with NHL, MM, ALL, or CLL, are not simultaneously enrolled in an interventional clinical study, and their treating physician is currently or will be using clonoSEQ to monitor their disease burden over the course of the study. Patients may be in any phase of treatment at the time of enrollment. Planned enrollment is 528 patients in order to achieve a target of 476 who have their initial baseline sample plus at least one MRD tracking sample during the course of the study. The study will collect data on an ongoing basis for approximately 3 years in order to longitudinally understand the utilization of the clonoSEQ Assay and the impact this MRD assessment tool has on clinical care. The primary endpoint of the study is the assessment of the physicians' rationale for MRD testing with clonoSEQ, and the secondary endpoint is the assessment of how those MRD results inform and impact treatment decisions. For each clonoSEQ MRD test ordered, an eCRF questionnaire will capture the rationale for that order (e.g., patient is at end of induction, post-hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), monitoring during maintenance, etc) as well as any decisions made regarding patient treatment based upon those results (e.g., patient moved to maintenance therapy, patient will undergo HCT, next line of therapy initiated, etc). Changes in therapeutic regimens will be captured for each patient whether or not those changes are made based upon clonoSEQ results. The Watch Registry is anticipated to begin enrollment in Q3 2020. A ClinicalTrials.gov post will be submitted prior to study opening. Disclosures Patel: Adaptive Biotechnologies, AstraZeneca, Pharmacyclics, Janssen, Genentech, Celgene/BMS, BeiGene, Kite: Consultancy. Gasparetto:Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria; GSK: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company); Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Speakers Bureau; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy, Honoraria. Mark:Genzyme: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; Karyopharm: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy. Shah:Kite/Gilead, Jazz, Incyte: Research Funding; Kite/Gilead, Celgene/Juno/BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Amgen, Spectrum/Acrotech, Precision Biosciences, Beigene, AstraZeneca, Pharmacyclics/Jansen, Adaptive: Honoraria; Moffitt Cancer Center: Current Employment; NCCN: Vice-Chair, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Working Group: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite/Gilead, Precision Biosciences, Novartis, AstraZeneca: Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES. Svoboda:AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; Imbrium: Consultancy; Atara: Consultancy; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy; Genmab: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy. Thompson:Denovo: Honoraria; UpToDate: Other; AIM Specialty Health: Consultancy; Doximity: Other; LynxBio: Honoraria; VIA Oncology (now Elsevier Clinical Path): Consultancy; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy; Lilly: Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; TG Therapeutics: Honoraria; GSK: Consultancy; Strata Oncology: Honoraria; Syapse Precision Medical Council: Consultancy; Abbvie: Honoraria; BMS/Calgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; CRAB CTC: Honoraria; Hoosier Research Network: Honoraria. Simmons:Adaptive Biotechnologies: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Schliekelman:Adaptive Biotechnologies: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Jacob:Adaptive Biotechnologies: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Baldo:Adaptive Biotechnologies: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company.

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Thomas Scott, Christopher y Dorit Barlevy. "How Ethics Can Better Anticipate the Consequences of Emerging Biotechnologies". American Journal of Bioethics 22, n.º 1 (28 de diciembre de 2021): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2021.2001112.

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Jarrett, S. W. "Challenges to the Successful Introduction of Biotechnologies in Developing Countries". Public Health Ethics 1, n.º 2 (21 de mayo de 2008): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/phe/phn020.

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39

Loike, John D., Brittany S. Rush, Adam Schweber y Ruth L. Fischbach. "Lessons Learned from Undergraduate Students in Designing a Science-Based Course in Bioethics". CBE—Life Sciences Education 12, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2013): 701–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.13-01-0012.

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Columbia University offers two innovative undergraduate science-based bioethics courses for student majoring in biosciences and pre–health studies. The goals of these courses are to introduce future scientists and healthcare professionals to the ethical questions they will confront in their professional lives, thus enabling them to strategically address these bioethical dilemmas. These courses incorporate innovative pedagogical methods, case studies, and class discussions to stimulate the students to think creatively about bioethical issues emerging from new biotechnologies. At the end of each course, each student is required to submit a one-page strategy detailing how he or she would resolve a bioethical dilemma. Based on our experience in teaching these courses and on a qualitative analysis of the students’ reflections, we offer recommendations for creating an undergraduate science-based course in bioethics. General recommendations include: 1) integrating the science of emerging biotechnologies, their ethical ramifications, and contemporary bioethical theories into interactive class sessions; 2) structuring discussion-based classes to stimulate students to consider the impact of their moral intuitions when grappling with bioethical issues; and 3) using specific actual and futuristic case studies to highlight bioethical issues and to help develop creative problem-solving skills. Such a course sparks students’ interests in both science and ethics and helps them analyze bioethical challenges arising from emerging biotechnologies.

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40

Mokhov, Aleksandr Anatolyevich, Anatolii Nikolaevich Levushkin y Aleksander Nikolaevich Yavorskiy. "Biopolitics, biotechnologies, biomedicine, and biolaw as forms of bioregulation". SHS Web of Conferences 108 (2021): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110801009.

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Modern science, education, and medicine are increasingly becoming the primary agents of biopolitics. Biomedicine is emerging, and before our eyes, it is becoming a part of the social sphere and, in the long term, a part of the new economic order and one of the state’s main agents of biopolitics. In this regard, attention to ethical and legal issues in biomedicine will only increase in the coming years. The study’s objective was to determine the role and legal nature of biotechnologies, biopolitics, biomedicine, bioethics, and biolaw as forms of bioregulation. The methodological basis of this work was provided by general scientific methods of cognition of legal phenomena, such as synthesis, the method of analogy, formal logic, and others, as well as private, scientific methods of research of biotechnology, biopolitics, biomedicine, bioethics, and biolaw as forms of bioregulation. The issue is considered from the perspective of the concept of four “BIOs”: biotechnology-biosafety-bioeconomics-biopolitics. It is concluded that the role of not only bioethics but also the emerging biolaw in the implementation of biopolitics, i.e., policies aimed at the development of the economy, social sphere, and society, taking into account the new realities formed under the onslaught of modern biological technologies, is significantly increasing. Progress in biology and medicine led to the need to combine scientific and theoretical, and socio-cultural knowledge to solve society’s problems, bioethics began to take shape. The authors propose the accelerated development of biolaw as a supra-sectoral legal formation, allowing from the perspective of a systematic approach to combining the achievements of both established sectoral legal sciences (administrative law, civil law, etc.) and medical law, pharmaceutical law to solve new problems, leveling of biological threats, risks, ensuring biological safety. The development of biolaw cannot be done without the interdisciplinary approach provided by links with bioethics, biology, medicine, economics, public health, healthcare, and others.

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41

Ren, Yuanyuan, Han Sun, Jinquan Deng, Junchao Huang y Feng Chen. "Carotenoid Production from Microalgae: Biosynthesis, Salinity Responses and Novel Biotechnologies". Marine Drugs 19, n.º 12 (20 de diciembre de 2021): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19120713.

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Microalgae are excellent biological factories for high-value products and contain biofunctional carotenoids. Carotenoids are a group of natural pigments with high value in social production and human health. They have been widely used in food additives, pharmaceutics and cosmetics. Astaxanthin, β-carotene and lutein are currently the three carotenoids with the largest market share. Meanwhile, other less studied pigments, such as fucoxanthin and zeaxanthin, also exist in microalgae and have great biofunctional potentials. Since carotenoid accumulation is related to environments and cultivation of microalgae in seawater is a difficult biotechnological problem, the contributions of salt stress on carotenoid accumulation in microalgae need to be revealed for large-scale production. This review comprehensively summarizes the carotenoid biosynthesis and salinity responses of microalgae. Applications of salt stress to induce carotenoid accumulation, potentials of the Internet of Things in microalgae cultivation and future aspects for seawater cultivation are also discussed. As the global market share of carotenoids is still ascending, large-scale, economical and intelligent biotechnologies for carotenoid production play vital roles in the future microalgal economy.

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42

Berg, Thomas V. y Maureen L. Condic. "Emerging Biotechnologies, the Defense of Embryonic Human Life, and Altered Nuclear Transfer". Linacre Quarterly 75, n.º 4 (noviembre de 2008): 268–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/002436308803889396.

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Molochaeva, L. G. y N. M. Mirzoeva. "Biotechnology and advanced medical technologies". BIO Web of Conferences 82 (2024): 02038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248202038.

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This study considers a complex synergy of biotechnologies and advanced medical technologies. The growing convergence of their positions is clearly shown in shaping the transformational era in healthcare. The study exposes developments ranging from precision gene editing to organ bioprinting and the rise of personalized medicine through extensive literature reviews, case study analyses, and expert interviews. Notwithstanding that these advancements promise unprecedented therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities, they also present challenges. Technological barriers in association with profound ethical problems, e.g., the implications of gene editing on future generations and issues of equity in healthcare, emphasize the complexity of this union. The article emphasizes the potential of this integration in the development of proactive health paradigms, stressing the significance of judicious utilization, continued dialogue, and ethical stewardship. The results show the following: although the fusion of biotechnologies and medical technologies holds great promise, it requires a prudent approach to research and application.

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Carlson, Josh J., Marita Zimmermann, Audrey Demaree, Tony Hewitt, Benjamin Eckert y Ajay Nooka. "Cost-Effectiveness of Implementing Clonoseq NGS-MRD Testing Using the Emory MRD Decision Protocol in Multiple Myeloma". Blood 136, Supplement 1 (5 de noviembre de 2020): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-143234.

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Background: The availability of standardized MRD assessment tools which meet clinical guideline requirements for minimum 10-5 sensitivity have been acknowledged by the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) and MRD assessment has been increasingly incorporated into the routine care of multiple myeloma patients. It has been demonstrated that myeloma patients who achieve deep MRD negative status have longer PFS and OS, and NCCN guidelines now recommend assessment for "sustained MRD negativity", defined as two consecutive MRD negative results (10-5, 12 months apart). NGS MRD (clonoSEQ® Assay; Adaptive Biotechnologies) is currently the only FDA cleared MRD test available for patients with MM using bone marrow samples. Several US-based cancer centers have proposed care pathways to leverage NGS MRD assessment to support shared decisions around timing of treatment discontinuation for myeloma patients who have been on indefinite maintenance therapy. It is well known that a more precise approach to maintenance treatment, offering the opportunity for treatment-free observation in patients who have achieved deep sustained MRD negativity, may help to lower costs and improve quality of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and economic impact of the hypothesized model for MRD decision framework at Emory which allows for MRD-informed treatment discontinuation. Methods: We evaluated the potential cost effectiveness of the Emory MRD decision framework and projected the associated lifetime/10-year cost-savings for a cohort of patients initiating maintenance therapy within the institution. We leveraged a previously developed Markov model with 6 health states: MRD+ or MRD- on or off therapy (tx), relapsed, or dead and compared yearly NGS MRD to no MRD testing over a lifetime horizon. Based on longitudinal data from Emory (Abstract submitted at ASH 2020), we estimated an annual probability of achieving sustained MRD negativity (i.e. <10-5 across two assessments at least 12 months apart) of 21% while on maintenance treatment. Under that framework, these patients would discontinue treatment and continue to be observed. We assumed annual NGS MRD testing. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) data for MRD- and MRD+ and hazard ratios for on/off tx were applied based on peer-reviewed literature. MRD- pts were assumed to have the same PFS/OS rates on and off tx, which were varied in sensitivity analyses. Health state utilities were based on peer reviewed literature and included an adverse event (AE) disutility. Based on institutional data (Joseph et al JCO 2020), it was assumed that 198 patients would initiate maintenance treatment under this pathway this year. The cost of NGS MRD was $1,950, lenalidomide-based maintenance tx was $21,364/month, and tx for relapsed pts at $29,798/month based on list prices, wholesale acquisition costs, and peer reviewed literature, respectively. We used a US health system perspective and a 3% discount rate. We performed one way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis to characterize the impact of uncertainty in model inputs on model results. Results: For this cohort of patients, MRD testing provided estimated lifetime savings of $916,000 per patient and $181,000,000 for an annual cohort or patients at Emory. Health outcomes were slightly improved for MRD testing vs no testing (0.009 QALYs) due to avoidance of adverse events, suggesting a potentially dominant strategy. This result was most sensitive to the probability of MRD+ to MRD- transition and the cost of maintenance tx. Conclusion: The proposed MRD decision framework is estimated to save costs and potentially improve health outcomes for patients initiating maintenance treatment. Ongoing clinical studies, including planned real-world observation of patients managed via this care pathway will help to fully characterize the long-term health outcomes of MRD testing during MM maintenance tx. Figure 1 Disclosures Carlson: Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy. Zimmermann:Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy. Demaree:Adaptive Biotechnologies: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Hewitt:Adaptive Biotechnologies: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Eckert:Adaptive Biotechnologies: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Nooka:Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Karyopharm Therapeutics, Adaptive technologies: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Spectrum Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Adaptive Technologies: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Oncopeptides: Consultancy, Honoraria; GlaxoSmithKline: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Personal Fees: Travel/accomodations/expenses, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Sanofi: Consultancy, Honoraria.

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45

Johnson, D. Barrie. "Development and application of biotechnologies in the metal mining industry". Environmental Science and Pollution Research 20, n.º 11 (18 de enero de 2013): 7768–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1482-7.

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Savvina, Olga V. "Genetic Modification of Human Embryos: Limits". Ethical Thought 22, n.º 1 (2022): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2074-4870-2022-22-1-124-134.

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The article analyses the moral justification of human germline editing and the tendency to its legalization. The study is based on documents of international organizations, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), national bioethics committees and others that regulate the usage of technologies for human germline editing or issue related recommendations. The paper analyzes the impact of the introduction of new technologies on human germline editing recommendations. It is concluded that that the development of biotechnologies contributes to liberal attitude towards human germline editing, slowly canceling the technologies’ usage ban firstly for therapeutic purposes, and then for the human enhancement purposes. The article suggests that the development of biotechnologies makes it difficult to apply the old bioethics principles; and exacerbates the discussion about the boundaries of the new biotechnologies’ application. Despite the shock and condemnation of the first experiments that violate ban (as in the cases with CRISPR/Cas9 in 2015 and 2018 in China), the scientific community, international organizations and governments return to the issue concerning gene editing technologies limitation. The inability to be guided by the old bioethics principles forces to look for new ethical grounds for gene editing. Now old principles and values are applied with utilitarian approach in ethics, that cancel ban and raises the issue of human germline editing limitation. The article also describes the limits of permissible interventions in the issue of human germline editing at the end of 2021.

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47

Everett-Hincks, Julie y Mark Henaghan. "Gene Editing in Aotearoa – Legal Considerations for Policy Makers". Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 50, n.º 3 (1 de octubre de 2019): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v50i3.5990.

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Gene editing use in pest control, primary industries and human health care pose significant new challenges for regulation. Under current New Zealand legislation (the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996) and a judicial ruling on interpretation of the legislation and regulations, the status of gene edited organisms in New Zealand are considered genetically modified and are regulated as new organisms employing a precautionary approach. This article has identified some of the complexities of the legislation inherent in regulating a rapidly developing technology, where such advances may be well ahead of current frameworks and public acceptance. Legal and policy issues have been considered. A future-proof framework to keep abreast rapidly advancing biotechnologies is required whereby new legislation for biotechnologies is developed and a single-entry point for biotechnology applications is implemented. Most importantly this article recommends valuing Treaty of Waitangi principles and have those principles lead us in all that we do.

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48

Aouij-Mrad, Amel. "Chapitre 4. Rôle du droit et responsabilité du juriste en matière de biotechnologies". Journal International de Bioéthique 17, n.º 4 (2006): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/jib.174.0079.

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Raadsma, H. W. y I. Tammen. "Biotechnologies and their potential impact on animal breeding and production: a review". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, n.º 8 (2005): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05073.

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Recent developments in mammalian biotechnologies that have been driven largely by medical bioscience, offer new opportunities for livestock industries. Major impacts may be expected in the area of reproductive, genomic and cell technologies that could lead to improved animal breeding strategies or animal production and health applications. In particular, the use of advanced reproductive technologies to select animals at very early stages of life, possibly as early as a 4-day embryo, combined with genomic technologies to predict genetic merit, could lead to significantly increased rates of genetic gain. Such advanced animal breeding technologies will depend strongly on conventional quantitative genetic evaluation systems. Genetic modification in the near future will offer targeted animal improvement options for control of health and production. Long-term impact of genetic modification on animal production systems will depend on consumer acceptance, and its perception by social, environmental and animal welfare groups. However, the opportunity to develop animal products beyond conventional boundaries may prove too attractive with genetic modification eventually being accepted as the norm. The naturally synergistic effect of ex vivo transgenic modification of embryo stem cell or somatic cell lines, combined with nuclear transfer present potentially high value propositions for development of novel and high value products. Opportunities for the mass production of elite males for use in extensive animal production systems will be possible.

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Thibier, M. "Identified and unidentified challenges for reproductive biotechnologies regarding infectious diseases in animal and public health". Theriogenology 56, n.º 9 (diciembre de 2001): 1465–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0093-691x(01)00647-1.

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