Artículos de revistas: "Hand disabilities"

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Aboalela, Rania, Shmokh Sebaa, Atheer Almohamadi, Rahaf Almohammadi y Ghozlan alzebali. "Hold my Hand Application for Disabilities". International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics 11, n.º 4 (27 de agosto de 2022): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijci.2022.110410.

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In this project, we aim to take advantage of today's technology to offer a helping hand to people with special needs. Therefore, this work suggests a control system as an Android application in addition to a website for people with special needs. Many people with special needs have problems asking for or interpreting and recognizing their needs. Hence the idea of the application is designed to work on smart devices to help them communicate and identify their understanding way. Through the keyboard or speech translation. Artificial intelligence techniques have used to enrich the work and add useful and important features such as chatbot technology. In short, this project is to make life as easy as possible for people with physical disabilities and make them go about their lives without relying on others or waiting for help.

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Pešić, Dalibor, Radomir Mijailović y Đorđe Petrović. "Factors affecting road traffic crashes with drivers with disabilities who use hand controls in a less developed country". Put i saobraćaj 68, n.º 3 (3 de octubre de 2022): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31075/pis.68.03.04.

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One of the most common vehicle modifications is the installation of hand controls that allow persons who are unable to operate the brake and accelerator pedals with their feet due to physical impairment to drive. Considered the specifics of hand controls (higher workload during driving and lower passive safety), it is very important to analyze the safety of the category of drivers with disabilities who use them. This paper aims to determine which factors influence the participation in road traffic crashes of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls. Based on the identified factors, measures and activities are defined to improve the road safety of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls, to improve the mobility of persons with disabilities, and to encourage potential drivers with disabilities, especially in less developed countries. The research was conducted in Serbia, which belongs to the group of less developed countries in the world. Considering the estimated number of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls, every fourth driver in Serbia participated in the survey (65 respondents). The statistical analysis was performed by the decision tree CART algorithm. Driving experience with hand controls is the most important variable of the participation of drivers with disabilities in a road traffic crash while driving vehicles with hand controls. Improving the system of maintaining hand controls, harmonize the performance of hand controls with the medical status of the drivers with disabilities, improving awareness of drivers with disabilities about risky behaviors in traffic are recognized as the most important measures and activities.

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Bialocerkowski, Andrea. "Disabilities of the Arms, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire". Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 53, n.º 2 (2007): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0004-9514(07)70050-8.

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&NA;. "Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH)". Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 20, Supplement (septiembre de 2006): S121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005131-200609001-00036.

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Conti, Roberto, Benedetto Allotta, Enrico Meli y Alessandro Ridolfi. "Development, design and validation of an assistive device for hand disabilities based on an innovative mechanism". Robotica 35, n.º 4 (3 de noviembre de 2015): 892–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574715000879.

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SUMMARYIn accordance with strict requirements of portability, cheapness, and modularity, an innovative assistive device for hand disabilities has been developed and validated. This robotic orthosis is designed to be a low-cost, portable hand exoskeleton to assist people with physical disabilities in their everyday lives. Referring to hand opening disabilities, the authors have developed a methodology which, by starting from the geometrical characteristics of the patient's hand, defines the novel kinematic mechanism that better fits to the finger trajectories. The authors have validated the proposed novel mechanism by carrying out a Hand Exoskeleton System (HES) prototype, based on a single-phalanx mechanism, cable driven. The testing phase of the real prototype with a patient is currently on going.

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Irawan, Asep Rudi. "Handwashing Ability Assessment for Students with Intellectual Barriers". Indonesian Journal of Community and Special Needs Education 1, n.º 1 (11 de marzo de 2021): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijcsne.v1i1.41353.

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This study aimed to determine the assessment of the ability to wash hands for students with intellectual disabilities. We used a qualitative method with literature study activities and field studies (interviews, observations, and documentation). The results showed that the assessment of the ability to wash hands for students with intellectual disabilities was carried out in stages, namely making assessment instruments, determining subjects, preparing the necessary equipment, conducting assessments, and analyzing data from the assessment results. The activity of assessing the ability to wash hands for students with intellectual disabilities has the aim of knowing the weaknesses, strengths, and potential of students in the ability to wash hands. It is hoped that the results of this assessment can be used as a basis for making hand-washing learning programs for students with special needs, especially students with intellectual disabilities.

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Harth, Angela. "Using the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Questionnaire in Hand Rehabilitation". International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 32 (agosto de 2009): S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004356-200908001-00026.

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Iwatsuki, K., K. Nishikawa, M. Chaki, A. Sato, A. Morita y H. Hirata. "Comparative responsiveness of the Hand 20 and the DASH-JSSH questionnaires to clinical changes after carpal tunnel release". Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 39, n.º 2 (16 de abril de 2013): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193413485524.

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This study compared the responsiveness of the Hand 20 and the Japanese version of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH-JSSH) questionnaires in carpal tunnel syndrome. The scores before and 3 months after surgery were used to calculate the standardized response mean and effect size. Of 57 patients enrolled in the study, 13 underwent open carpal tunnel release and 44 had endoscopic carpal tunnel release. The standardized response mean and the effect size of the Hand 20 scale were 0.60 and 0.54, respectively, and those of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand scale were 0.39 and 0.36, respectively. Compared with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire, the Hand 20 questionnaire appears to have better responsiveness for assessing the effect of treatment by carpal tunnel release.

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Buell, Susan. "A commentary on “First-hand experience of accessible information”". Tizard Learning Disability Review 20, n.º 2 (7 de abril de 2015): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-12-2014-0042.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on Mander's paper on people with learning disabilities’ first-hand experience of accessible information. Design/methodology/approach – The commentary reflects on some of the findings presented by Mander and builds on these, with particular emphasis on what it means to understand information. Findings – Everything from initial product design to building capacity and constructing knowledge requires expertise and attention to detail. Originality/value – There are no easy fix solutions to achieving understanding of information for people who have learning disabilities.

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Ismoilov, Bekjon. "THE LEGAL STATUS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES AND THEIR SOCIAL ADAPTATION IN THE MODERN WORLD COMMUNITY". JOURNAL OF LAW RESEARCH 6, n.º 2 (28 de febrero de 2021): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9130-2021-2-4.

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The article focuses on the legal status of people with disabilities and their causes. We know that when people with disabilities are officially registered, their legal status is determined. This legal status, given to them, on the one hand, provides a number of benefits, on the other hand, reduces their participation in society in real life. In relation to the integration of people with disabilities into a healthy society, their employment relationships, social and medical rehabilitation play an important role. In short, the issue of employment of people with disabilities has become the main topic of the article

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Irie, Keisuke, Hirokatsu Iseki, Satomi Okamoto, Seiji Nishimura, Akio Kobe y Kenji Kagechika. "Validity and responsiveness of the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function". Hand Therapy 22, n.º 4 (2 de julio de 2017): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758998317719095.

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Introduction Despite widespread use of the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function, we were unable to find studies to affirm the validity and responsiveness in patients with trauma and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the criterion validity and responsiveness of the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function, a tool which is widely used in Japan. Methods Thirty patients between the ages of 20 and 82 years with distal radius fracture (n = 10), and cervical spondylosis myelopathy (n = 20) were included in this study. Concurrent validity was tested by examining the correlation between Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function, the Purdue Pegboard Test, and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire. In addition, standardized response means were calculated to compare the responsiveness of the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function with Purdue Pegboard Test and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand. Results The correlation coefficient between Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function and Purdue Pegboard Test was 0.70, and the correlation between Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand was −0.55 (p < 0.05). Standardized response mean shows that the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function (0.69) is more responsive than the Purdue Pegboard Test (0.53), and less responsive than Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (0.97). Conclusions The Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function demonstrates concurrent validity and responsiveness as a performance based assessment of dexterity in patients with distal radius fracture and cervical spondylosis. We conclude that the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function could be used as a measure of dexterity or clinical change after therapy intervention. The Purdue Pegboard Test may be used for patients with an occupation that requires integrated fine motor skills and bimanual activity, whereas the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function may be more suitable for patients who use a variety of unilateral grips such as pinch and span. The Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand can complement each other when measuring someone’s activity and participation level.

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Perelmuter, Idit. "The Educational Situations of Bilingual Students with Learning Disabilities in Hand in Hand Schools in Jerusalem". Studia Edukacyjne, n.º 51 (15 de diciembre de 2018): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/se.2018.51.32.

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This article will address the educational situations with which bilingual students who have learning disabilities cope in the education system and in the bilingual schools of Hand in Hand, an association which was established to promote and develop a shared society for Arabs and Jews in Israel. In addition, it will describe the difficulties of the learning-disabled bilingual students and how they impact upon the student. The first part will present the educational concept of Hand in Hand and the reality of the bilingual school in Jerusalem in particular. The second part will describe educational situations in which bilingual students who have learning disabilities cope in the bilingual school of the Hand in Hand Association. Furthermore, it will address the difficulties of these students in the school. The third part focuses upon the relationship between the ecological model of Bronfenbrenner and neuro-developmental theory and the educational situations of learning-disabled bilingual students, with an emphasis on their immediate environment (the educational situations described in the article are taken from professional experience in my work in the bilingual school in Jerusalem as an inclusion teacher for learning-disabled bilingual students both in the elementary and middle schools).

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Perelmuter, Idit. "The Educational Situations of Bilingual Students with Learning Disabilities in Hand in Hand Schools in Jerusalem". Studia Edukacyjne, n.º 51 (15 de diciembre de 2018): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/se.2018.51.32.

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This article will address the educational situations with which bilingual students who have learning disabilities cope in the education system and in the bilingual schools of Hand in Hand, an association which was established to promote and develop a shared society for Arabs and Jews in Israel. In addition, it will describe the difficulties of the learning-disabled bilingual students and how they impact upon the student. The first part will present the educational concept of Hand in Hand and the reality of the bilingual school in Jerusalem in particular. The second part will describe educational situations in which bilingual students who have learning disabilities cope in the bilingual school of the Hand in Hand Association. Furthermore, it will address the difficulties of these students in the school. The third part focuses upon the relationship between the ecological model of Bronfenbrenner and neuro-developmental theory and the educational situations of learning-disabled bilingual students, with an emphasis on their immediate environment (the educational situations described in the article are taken from professional experience in my work in the bilingual school in Jerusalem as an inclusion teacher for learning-disabled bilingual students both in the elementary and middle schools).

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Joy, Yang Suk, A.-Young Lee y Sin-Ae Park. "A Horticultural Therapy Program Focused on Succulent Cultivation for the Vocational Rehabilitation Training of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 4 (18 de febrero de 2020): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041303.

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We aimed to develop a horticultural therapy program for the vocational rehabilitation of individuals with intellectual disabilities and examine its effects. Individuals with intellectual disabilities (n = 28, average age: 33.23 ± 4.9 years) were recruited from a welfare center in Jecheon, South Korea. They participated in eight weekly sessions of a horticultural therapy program consisting of common succulent cultivation techniques at a specialized succulent cultivation farm located in Jecheon, South Korea. Before and after the program, we assessed hand function (grip strength, pinch force, and hand dexterity, evaluated using a hand dynamometer, Jamar hydraulic pinch gauge, and grooved pegboard, respectively), emotional behavioral strategies (evaluated using the emotional behavioral checklist), and social skills (evaluated using the social skill rating system-teacher form). After participation in the horticultural therapy program, individuals with intellectual disabilities displayed significantly improved hand function, emotional behavior, and social skills (all p < 0.05). This study demonstrates the potential of horticultural therapy focused on succulent cultivation for the vocational training of individuals with intellectual disabilities. Future studies should investigate the effects of the program in a larger cohort.

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Andayani, Ni Luh Nopi, Ari Wibawa y Made Hendra Satria Nugraha. "Effective Ultrasound and Neural Mobilization Combinations in Reducing Hand Disabilities in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Patients". Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia 23, n.º 2 (30 de julio de 2020): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/jki.v23i2.988.

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Excessive activity in the hands and wrists over a prolonged period of time can cause repetitive strain injury, which leads to the occurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome. The purpose of this study is to determine the differences in the effectiveness of ultrasound and neural mobilization interventions with ultrasound and passive stretching in reducing hand disabilities in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. It is an experimental study, using the pre- and post-test control group design. The sampling technique employed was simple random sampling, with a study sample comprising 30 people. The difference test with an independent t-test showed a significant difference between the control group and the treatment group (p= 0.000), with a decrease hand disability percentage of 7% in the control group and 15% in the treatment group. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the combination of ultrasound and neural mobilization is more effective in reducing hand disability than a combination of ultrasound and passive stretching in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Abstrak Aktivitas yang berulang pada pergelangan tangan apabila berlangsung lama dapat menimbulkan repetitive strain injury yang berujung terhadap terjadinya carpal tunnel syndrome. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas intervensi ultrasound dan neural mobilization dengan ultrasound dan passive stretching dalam menurunkan disabilitas tangan pada pasien carpal tunnel syndrome. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian pre-test and post-test control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dengan cara simple random sampling. Sampel penelitian pada penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang. Uji beda selisih dengan independent t-test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan (p= 0,000) dengan persentase penurunan disabilitas tangan sebesar 7% pada kelompok kontrol dan 15% pada kelompok perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi ultrasound dan neural mobilization lebih efektif dalam menurunkan disabilitas tangan daripada kombinasi ultrasound dan passive stretching pada pasien carpal tunnel syndrome. Kata kunci: carpal tunnel syndrome, disabilitas tangan, neural mobilization, passive stretching, ultrasound

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Priatama, Muhammad Biyan, Ledya Novamizanti, Suci Aulia y Erizka Banuwati Candrasari. "Hand gesture recognition using discrete wavelet transform and convolutional neural network". Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, n.º 3 (1 de junio de 2020): 996–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i3.1977.

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Public services are available to all communities including people with disabilities. One obstacle that impedes persons with disabilities from participating in various community activities and enjoying the various public services available to the community is information and communication barriers. One way to communicate with people with disabilities is with hand gestures. Therefore, the hand gesture technology is needed, in order to facilitate the public to interact with the disability. This study proposes a reliable hand gesture recognition system using the convolutional neural network method. The first step, carried out pre-processing, to separate the foreground and background. Then the foreground is transformed using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to take the most significant subband. The last step is image classification with convolutional neural network. The amount of training and test data used are 400 and 100 images repectively, containing five classes namely class A, B, C, # 5, and pointing. This study engendered a hand gesture recognition system that had an accuracy of 100% for dataset A and 90% for dataset B.

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Herath, H. M. K. K. M. B. y W. R. de Mel. "Controlling an Anatomical Robot Hand Using the Brain-Computer Interface Based on Motor Imagery". Advances in Human-Computer Interaction 2021 (3 de agosto de 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5515759.

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More than one billion people face disabilities worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In Sri Lanka, there are thousands of people suffering from a variety of disabilities, especially hand disabilities, due to the civil war in the country. The Ministry of Health of Sri Lanka reports that by 2025, the number of people with disabilities in Sri Lanka will grow by 24.2%. In the field of robotics, new technologies for handicapped people are now being built to make their lives simple and effective. The aim of this research is to develop a 3-finger anatomical robot hand model for handicapped people and control (flexion and extension) the robot hand using motor imagery. Eight EEG electrodes were used to extract EEG signals from the primary motor cortex. Data collection and testing were performed for a period of 42 s timespan. According to the test results, eight EEG electrodes were sufficient to acquire the motor imagery for flexion and extension of finger movements. The overall accuracy of the experiments was found at 89.34% (mean = 22.32) at the 0.894 precision. We also observed that the proposed design provided promising results for the performance of the task (grab, hold, and release activities) of hand-disabled persons.

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Charnock, D. y P. J. Standen. "Second-Hand Masculinity". International Journal of Game-Based Learning 3, n.º 3 (julio de 2013): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgbl.2013070104.

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The development of a gendered identity is a process that both boys and girls navigate to construct ideas about the men and women they will become. There is little research on this process for men with intellectual disabilities (ID). This study aimed to explore the ideas that teenage boys with ID develop while thinking about the men they will become. Twenty one boys with ID took part in a group discussion of images of men performing various activities. Individual boys were then interviewed about the men they wished to become. These data were then analysed to generate themes about contemporary self-understanding. Analysis of the considerable talk about computer games revealed two themes: Games as permissive spaces to try out ideas; Games as space to embody second hand masculinity. These findings raise interesting issues regarding the boys’ developing identities and masculinity. Their involvement in gaming may offer the opportunity for boys to question both desirable and undesirable aspects of masculine identity.

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Biederman, G. B., J. L. Fairhall, K. A. Raven y V. A. Davey. "Verbal Prompting, Hand-over-Hand Instruction, and Passive Observation in Teaching Children with Developmental Disabilities". Exceptional Children 64, n.º 4 (junio de 1998): 503–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001440299806400406.

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In hand-over-hand modeling with response-contingent verbal prompts, tasks are divided into identifiable sequential components, and the achievement of each component is marked by the delivery of some form of verbal prompt. In a within-subjects design, children were trained in one skill with response-contingent verbal prompts and in a second skill with simple passive observation. A separate group of children were trained with less rigorous verbal prompting in one skill and with passive observation in a second. Consistent with previous research, we found that passive modeling was overall significantly more effective than hand-over-hand modeling and that passive modeling was significantly more effective than hand-over-hand modeling with response-contingent prompting. Our evidence therefore indicates that current methods for teaching basic skills to children with severe developmental delays may require reassessment because simple observation of modeled skills appears to be more effective than more labor-intensive instruction.

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Akbar, M., S. Penzkofer, M. A. Weber, T. Bruckner, M. Winterstein y M. Jung. "Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome and wrist osteoarthritis in long-term paraplegic patients compared with controls". Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 39, n.º 2 (22 de febrero de 2013): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193413478550.

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We compared functional and structural changes in the hands, in particular the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome, in 56 paraplegic patients who had been wheelchair dependent for over 25 years with a group of able-bodied volunteers (with matching criteria for gender and age). The hands were assessed by clinical examination, electrophysiology, disabilities of the arm shoulder and hand score and magnetic resonance imaging. Hand function was worse and wrist pain was experienced more often in the paraplegic patients, and they also had a significantly higher prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome both clinically and electrophysiologically. The prevalence of wrist and trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis was significantly higher in the right hand.

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McKamey, Eric S. "Storytelling for Children with Learning Disabilities: A First-Hand Account". TEACHING Exceptional Children 23, n.º 2 (enero de 1991): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004005999102300211.

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Kaminska, Malgozhata. "STANDARDS OF QUALITY OF LIFE FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICY". Continuing Professional Education: Theory and Practice, n.º 1 (2020): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/1609-8595.2020.1.15.

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The image of disability in EU societies is changing. On the one hand, statistical data (global and European) indicate an increase in the number of people with disabilities. This is especially true for women, the elderly and the poor. On the other hand, numerous legislative and implementation activities are undertaken to implement the social model in the approach to disability issues. The effectiveness of social and economic policies in the EU member states is expressed by the quality of life of people with disabilities. The article presents the WHO global position on the disability problem and a brief comparative analysis of key statistical data characterising people with disabilities in the EU member states. The EU priorities regarding the standards of functioning of people with disabilities in the objective and subjective dimensions are discussed. The source of the EU’s strategy and activities are international documents: The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities of 2006 and the Council of Europe Disability Action Plan.

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Tajika, Tsuyoshi, Takuro Kuboi, Fumitaka Endo, Satoshi Shinagawa, Hiroki Kobayashi, Shogo Hashimoto, Hideo Sakane et al. "Association between upper extremity dysfunction and sleep disturbance in an elderly general population". SAGE Open Medicine 8 (enero de 2020): 205031212090158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312120901584.

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Objective: Several upper extremity disorders are associated with sleep disturbance in patient populations. This study evaluated the relation between self-assessment of upper extremity function and sleep disturbance in an elderly general population. Methods: A total of 159 participants (56 men, 103 women, 38–88 years old, mean age of 66.4 years) completed a self-administered questionnaire including items for sex, weight, height, and dominant hand. Upper extremity dysfunction was investigated using Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand of the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand. The sleep disturbance severity was evaluated using a Japanese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale. Quality of life was assessed using the EuroQol-5-dimension-3-level, Japanese version. We measured the bilateral hand grip as an indicator of hand muscle function. Statistical tests were applied to clarify the association between upper extremity dysfunction and screening results for sleep disturbance. Results: Of 159 participants, 45 (28.3%) had sleep disturbance as assessed using Japanese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale (11 men and 34 women; mean age of 68.1 years). Japanese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale scores correlated with the EuroQol index; EuroQol visual analog scale; and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores. The Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score and dominant grip strength of the participants with sleep disturbance were significantly higher than those of the no sleep disturbance group. The EuroQol index score and visual analog scale of those reporting a sleep disturbance were significantly lower than those of the no sleep disturbance group. Conclusion: Self-administered upper extremity health condition as assessed using Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand correlated with sleep disturbance. Our results suggest a link between upper extremity conditions and sleep disturbance.

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Reiff, Henry B., Paul J. Gerber y Rick Ginsberg. "Definitions of Learning Disabilities from Adults with Learning Disabilities: The Insiders' Perspectives". Learning Disability Quarterly 16, n.º 2 (mayo de 1993): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1511133.

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Definitions of learning disabilities typically include the perspectives of professionals from educational, psychological, medical, and sociopolitical fields. Decision-makers in learning disabilities have rarely solicited the views of an important population of individuals who live with this label, adults with learning disabilities. This article presents responses from a sample of successful adults with learning disabilities who were asked to define the term learning disabilities. In addition to a number of constructs found in many existing definitions, responses include perceptions and conceptualizations that are only available from first-hand experience of living with learning disabilities into the adult years. Even when these perceptions evidence technical inaccuracies, their personal nature offers important insights into the effects of learning disabilities throughout the lifespan. Future attempts to arrive at a uniform definition of learning disabilities, especially in adulthood, should include or at least consider input from adults with learning disabilities.

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Momcilovic, Dragan, Bela Prokes y Zlata Janjic. "Mechanical cornpicker hand injuries". Medical review 58, n.º 9-10 (2005): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0510479m.

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Mechanical cornpicker hand injuries are not frequent in comparison to general hand trauma, but they have a specific mechanism of occurrence and are very severe. This investigation included 221 hand injuries. The sex distribution shows a general male dominance (85.25%) in their active age (84.44%). These are, seasonal injuries mostly occurring in October (75.11%). By type of injuries, mutilating crush injuries are most frequent (64.25%). After completing the treatment, in most cases the functional result were estimated as bad (50.68%). Data concerning education and training for operating agricultural machines (96.38% - patients without training) and carrying out safety measures (63.35% of injured patients did not apply any protection measures) are devastating. The number of these injuries, as well as consequent permanent disabilities, may be considerably reduced by preventive measures, including public health services and media. Use of contemporary agricultural machinery, as well as obligatory training for operating these machines and application of protective measures, may also reduce the incidence of hand injuries during corn picking.

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Dursun, Melis y Bahar Şener Pedgley. "ELICITING CHILDREN'S EXPECTATIONS FOR HAND PROSTHESES THROUGH GENERATIVE DESIGN TOOLS". Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (27 de julio de 2021): 1343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.134.

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AbstractWhen designing assistive devices for children with disabilities, designers mostly consider technical and functional aspects and overlook factors that affect their usage from children’s perspective. Therefore, in most cases, assistive devices do not fully meet the needs of the children and may create a negative effect on children’s well-being. To explore the opinion’s of children using 3D printed hand prosthetics in Country-Xx, individual generative sessions were conducted with four children with limb deficiency. Generative tools are used to engage children and encourage them to express themselves in relation to prosthesis use. The main aim was to investigate how children provide design relevant information that may help designers to achieve improved assistive devices that support children’s physical, emotional and social wellbeing. Children’s feedback related to prosthetic usage categorized under two topics; expectations of children for prosthesis use and children’s priority expectation for the prosthesis. The findings are argued to be useful and usable by NGOs, product designers and design researchers who work with children with disabilities.

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Farmer, Thomas W., Molly Dawes, Jill V. Hamm, David Lee, Meera Mehtaji, Abigail S. Hoffman y Debbie S. Brooks. "Classroom Social Dynamics Management: Why the Invisible Hand of the Teacher Matters for Special Education". Remedial and Special Education 39, n.º 3 (21 de julio de 2017): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741932517718359.

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The invisible hand is a metaphor that refers to teachers’ impact on the classroom peer ecology. Although teachers have the capacity to organize the classroom environment and activities in ways that contribute to students’ social experiences, their contributions are often overlooked in research on students’ peer relations and the development of social interventions. To address this, researchers have begun to focus on clarifying strategies to manage classroom social dynamics. The goal of this article is to consider potential contributions of this perspective for understanding the social experiences of students with disabilities and to explore associated implications for the delivery of classroom-focused interventions to support their adaptation. Conceptual foundations of classroom social dynamics management and empirical research on the peer relationships of students with disabilities are outlined and the potential of the concept of the invisible hand is discussed in relation to other social support interventions for students with disabilities.

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Bhanuprakash, Dr G. C. "Hand Gesture Recognizer with Alert Message Display and Vocalizer for People with Disabilities Using Deep Learning". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, n.º 6 (30 de junio de 2022): 4365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44951.

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Abstract: Communication is the basic medium by which we can interact and understand each other but unfortunately this process can prove to be difficult for the people with disabilities. This project is a small contribution to address this issue and help them communicate better. It uses the concept of neural networks in order to help the people with disabilities communicate better with just their hand gestures. The hand gesture recognizer and actuator system acts as an interface between computer and human using hand gestures. This project is a combination of gesture identification, classification and it displays the message pertaining to the gesture while simultaneously reading the message out loud. The user has to perform a particular gesture, the webcam captures this and identifies and recognizes it against a set of known gestures and displays and vocalizes the gesture. This is a very useful hands-free approach. There could be an emergency situation for them and in order to inform people around them, this system is an effective tool. The system has a set of samples to be trained against and then the trained model is tested against a set of test data.

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Kholis, Nur, Yudha Pratama, Hamza Tokomadoran y Vio Galuh Puspita. "Perancangan Kursi Roda Ergonomis Untuk Penunjang Disabilitas". Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Industri Terapan 1, n.º 4 (26 de diciembre de 2022): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.55826/tmit.v1iiv.29.

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ABSTRAK Pembuatan rancangan kursi roda sangat dibutuhkan oleh para penyandang disabilitas atau disabel kinetik (aspek medis membutuhkan kursi roda). Kursi roda pada umumnya hanya dengan penggerak dan dijalankan secara manual menggunakan tangan atau didorong, dengan demikian ketika tidak ada yang mendorong, pengguna harus memutar roda kursi agar kursi roda dapat bergerak. Posisi ini tidak nyaman dan aman karena dapat membahayakan pengguna kursi roda. Metode yang dilakukan dengan menggunakanMetode EFD.Kami merancang kursi roda yang ramah kepada disabilitas dan disabel kinetik, dilengkapi dengan penyangga kaki yang lebih nyaman dengan sistem pengereman, sehingga para pengguna kursi roda nyaman dan aman. Kursi roda ini juga di desain dengan perhitungan ergonomis. Kata kunci: Disabel kinetic,perancangan kursi roda,ergonomic,HOQ ABSTRACT Designing a wheelchair is really needed by people with disabilities or kinetic disabilities (the medical aspect requires a wheelchair). Wheelchairs are generally driven only and are operated manually by hand or pushed, thus when no one is pushing, the user must turn the wheelchair wheels so that the wheelchair can move. This position isuncomfortable and safe because it can endanger wheelchair users. We design wheelchairs that are friendly to disability and kinetic disabilities, equipped with leg supports that are more comfortable with a braking system, so that wheelchair users are comfortable and safe. This wheelchair is also designed with ergonomic calculations. Keywords: kinetic disability, wheelchair design,Ergonomic.HOQ

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Klosse, Saskia. "The Social Quality of National Employment Policies Put to the Test". International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 26, Issue 3 (1 de septiembre de 2010): 331–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2010020.

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This article outlines measures adopted in national social security schemes to promote the (re)integration into work of people with disabilities. The measures are evaluated in the light of broader reform trends, stemming from EU policies to foster labour market participation. Since the beginning of this century, the EU has played an active role in confronting national authorities with the need to design employment policies in which competitiveness and economic growth go hand in hand with measures that ensure that disadvantaged groups have equal access to the labour market and receive effective support to access employment. Recent statistical data show, however, that the employment position of disadvantaged groups is still weak. This would seem to suggest that the social quality of national schemes to foster labour market participation falls short of expectations. To gain insight into this matter, thirty European countries were asked to draw up national reports on the employment position of people with disabilities within the framework of the EU-funded MISSOC project. This article presents a synopsis of the main findings from these reports. It starts with an overview of relevant developments at the European level (section 1). A framework for the evaluation of the social quality of national programmes to promote the (re)integration into work of people with disabilities is then developed in section 2. The results of the evaluation are presented in section 3, thereby focusing on measures addressing people with disabilities on the one hand (sections 3.1 and 3.2) and measures addressing the employer on the other hand (section 3.3). The evaluation winds up with some concluding observations with regard to the way in which the social dimension of employment policies has been implemented in national schemes to promote the (re)integration into work of people with disabilities (section 4).

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Innawati, Innawati. "PEMURIDAN PEMBERDAYAAN BAGI JEMAAT DISABILITAS DALAM PELAYANAN MIMBAR DI GEREJA INKLUSIF". Jurnal Amanat Agung 17, n.º 1 (9 de octubre de 2021): 87–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.47754/jaa.v17i1.457.

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Abstract: The Church belongs to the Lord and is the extension of the Lord's hand in the world. The Church is open to all people, but in church’s services, there are still discriminations, especially against members with disabilities. This research conducted in the Jemaat Kristen Indonesia (JKI) Bukit Sion Mangliawan is a follow-up study of the previous research, namely “The Discipleship for Congregations with Disabilities in Church M Malang”. The method used is experimental research that observes and analyzes changes resulting from X treatment on Y in controlled situations. The conclusions of the experimental research in the JKI Bukit Sion Mangliawan proved the hypothesis that member with disability was able to serve well like non-disabled ones in the service of the Word at local church. This proved that empowerment of discipleship in an inclusive church was a solution to the problem of marginalization of the empowerment of congregations with disabilities in the service of the Word at local church. Empowering discipleship in an inclusive church was most appropriate for anyone, whether the members of congregations with disabilities or not. Keywords: service of the Word, discipleship, empowerment, congregation with disability, inclusive church. Abstrak: Gereja adalah milik Tuhan dan perpanjangan tangan Tuhan di dunia. Gereja terbuka untuk semua manusia, tetapi di dalam pelayanan gereja masih terjadi diskriminasi, khususnya terhadap jemaat penyandang disabilitas. Penelitian ini yang dilaksanakan di gereja Jemaat Kristen Indonesia (JKI) Bukit Sion Mangliawan, merupakan penelitian lanjutan dari penelitian sebelumnya yaitu “Pemuridan bagi jemaat penyandang disabilitas di Gereja M Malang”. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen; mengamati dan menganalisa perubahan akibat perlakuan X terhadap Y dalam situasi yang terkendalikan. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian eksperimen di gereja JKI Bukit Sion Mangliawan membuktikan hipotesa bahwa jemaat penyandang disabilitas mampu melayani dengan baik seperti orang non-disabilitas dalam pelayanan mimbar di dalam gereja lokal. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa pemuridan pemberdayaan di gereja inklusif sebagai solusi bagi masalah marjinalisasi pemberdayaan jemaat penyandang disabilitas dalam pelayanan mimbar di gereja lokal. Pemuridan pemberdayaan di gereja inklusif adalah yang paling tepat bagi siapa saja, baik jemaat penyandang disabilitas maupun bukan. Kata-kata kunci: pelayanan mimbar, pemuridan, pemberdayaan, jemaat penyandang disabilitas, gereja inklusif.

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Schaffernicht, Sophie Kathrin, Karl Moder y Elisabeth Quendler. "Evaluation of a profile comparison system for the inclusion of people with disabilities in horticulture: A case study in Austria". Work 68, n.º 2 (26 de febrero de 2021): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203389.

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BACKGROUND: To promote the successful and sustainable inclusion of people with disabilities in different activities such as work, more precise job matching efforts may be of value, especially because people with disabilities are employed at a lower rate than people without disabilities. Requirement profiles as well as profile comparisons have not yet been recorded for horticultural work processes. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to document precisely the work process of the cuttings production of the flower tradescantia and to compare the capabilities of people with disabilities with the requirements for this work process for the purpose of verifying that the tool employed was usable. METHODS: A skilled worker performed the cuttings production of tradescantias according to good horticultural practice. Additionally, five people with disabilities participated in this study. On the one hand, a structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. On the other hand, the work processes were documented with video recordings and described related to REFA (Association for Work Design, Business Organization and Corporate Development) and evaluated according to IMBA (Integration of People with Disabilities into the Working Environment). RESULTS: Apart from the too long working hours, the work in the cuttings production was feasible for the five subjects who had different types of disabilities. There were situations of underchallenges of different degrees, but no overchallenges. It was necessary to assess each subject individually for the risk of accident. CONCLUSIONS: IMBA proved to be an effective tool to evaluate and analyse work activities for the purpose of including people with disabilities into horticultural work processes. Thus, it has the potential to facilitate a socially sustainable and skill-oriented work participation for persons with disabilities.

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Baltzer, Heather, Christine B. Novak y Steven J. McCabe. "A Scoping Review of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Scores for Hand and Wrist Conditions". Journal of Hand Surgery 39, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2014): 2472–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.07.050.

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Koziej, Mateusz, Marek Trybus, Anna Mydłowska, Kinga Sałapa, Maksymilian Gniadek, Marta Banach y Jarosław Brudnicki. "The Polish version of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire: Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, construct validity, and measurement error". Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 43, n.º 2 (11 de septiembre de 2017): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193417729579.

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The aims of this study were to translate the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire into the Polish language and to test the measurement properties of its quality criteria. A total of 120 patients with hand complaints completed the Polish Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire on the first assessment, along with the grip test, pinch test, and pain sore assessed using a visual analogue scale during activity. After 7 days, 76 patients completed the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire the second time. The Cronbach alpha of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire subscales ranged from 0.79 to 0.96. The intraclass correlation coefficient varied from 0.82–0.97, and the Bland–Altman method indicated the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire total score limit of agreement was −13.2–12.3 and −9.18–9.62 for the right and left hand, respectively. The construct validity revealed a moderate to strong correlation between every subscale of the Polish Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, but they only correlated with the grip test and the visual analogue scale, and neither correlated with the pinch test. The study demonstrated properties similar to the original version, validating the belief that the use of this questionnaire in medical practice in Poland is justified.

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Probosiwi, Ratih y Kurnia Nur Fitriana. "The Social Protection for Persons with Disabilities during the COVID-19 Pandemic". IJDS Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies 9, n.º 01 (31 de mayo de 2022): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijds.2022.009.01.02.

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To deal with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indonesian government, including the Ministry of Social Affairs, has issued various social protection policies, including for persons with disabilities. In fact, people with disabilities still experience difficulties in accessing the program. This study aims to analyze these policies and the difficulties faced by persons with disabilities. This qualitative descriptive study found that people with disabilities had difficulty surviving during the pandemic. They lose their jobs because most of their work requires direct contact with other people. On the other hand, only a part of people with disabilities received social assistance because they were not recorded in the recipients of social assistance. The low ability to communicate risks to persons with disabilities is one of the reasons for the weak data collection of persons with disabilities. This study recommends more intense socialization and advocacy as well as equalizing perceptions about the concept of persons with disabilities and their needs.

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Thuo, Luciana. "Implementation of Political Participation Standards for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities in Kenya". Strathmore Law Journal 2, n.º 1 (1 de agosto de 2016): 97–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.52907/slj.v2i1.17.

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This paper reviews international standards on political participation by persons with intellectual disabilities and how they are implemented in Kenya. On one hand, Article 25 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights(ICCPR) allows limitation of rights based on ‘reasonable and objective’ criteria. Whereas it is considered unreasonable to restrict participation rights of persons with physical disabilities, General Comment 25 to the ICCPR permits restrictions based on ‘established mental incapacity’. On the other hand, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) does not foresee any limitation of participation rights; rather it recognises the freedom of persons with disabilities to be involved in decision-making, including the right to vote and hold public office. Kenya is a party to both instruments, having acceded to the ICCPR in 1972 and ratified the CRPD in 2008. Kenya’s law does not deprive persons with intellectual disabilities of legal capacity. In fact, Article 54(2) of the Constitution of Kenya (2010 Constitution)seeks to increase participation of persons with disabilities in decision making and public life by providing, inter alia, for the progressive inclusion of persons with disabilities in at least five percent of all elective and nominated positions. Whereas Kenya’s law allows for limited guardianship, it is the informal guardianship created by the family, on whom persons with intellectual disabilities are dependent for support, which poses the greatest barrier to the exercise of participation rights. This informal guardianship, combined with negative societal attitudes and ignorance at all levels including the Judiciary, the electoral management body (the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC)) and even the wider disability movement, makes political participation rights for persons with intellectual disabilities illusory. If the situation of persons with intellectual disabilities is not addressed, only persons with physical and sensory disabilities will be able to take up the affirmative action measure created by Article 54(2) of the 2010 Constitution.

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Wormdal, A. H., S. H. Tallaksen, Ø. Hagen, O. A. Foss y V. Finsen. "Remembered preoperative Quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (QuickDASH) scores". Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 42, n.º 1 (28 de septiembre de 2016): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193416665299.

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The Quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (QuickDASH) patient-reported outcome measure is frequently used to assess disabilities and symptoms of the upper extremity. This study compares real preoperative QuickDASH scores and remembered preoperative QuickDASH scores. Remembered preoperative QuickDASH scores were obtained 45 months (39–67) after surgery. Patient material consisted of 160 patients operated for Dupuytren’s contracture, carpal tunnel syndrome, thumb basal joint arthrosis, and shoulder pain. All patients had completed QuickDASH questionnaires before surgery. Paired T-tests, linear mixed models, and limits of agreement were used for analyses. There was a significant difference between remembered and real preoperative scores (mean 7.6, SD 15.6; SEM 1.2). Neither diagnosis, age, gender, nor time between surgery and review influenced the difference significantly. A linear mixed model was constructed to investigate the ability to retrospectively predict preoperative QuickDASH scores. Remembered preoperative QuickDASH cannot be used in individual patients because of the high inaccuracy. Level of evidence: III

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MINK VAN DER MOLEN, A. B., A. M. ETTEMA y S. E. R. HOVIUS. "Outcome of Hand Trauma: The Hand Injury Severity Scoring System (HISS) and Subsequent Impairment and Disability". Journal of Hand Surgery 28, n.º 4 (agosto de 2003): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(03)00082-2.

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This study was designed to evaluate correlations between the hand injury severity scoring system (HISS) and measures of impairment and disability obtained 6 months after a hand injury. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the severity of the injury (HISS) and residual impairment, as measured with the American Medical Association’s (AMA) “Guides to the evaluation of permanent impairment, 4th edition”. No statistically significant correlation was found between the severity of the injury (HISS) and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, which measures disability from the patient’s perspective. There was however a statistically significant correlation between AMA total body impairment measured and the results of the DASH questionnaire. The results indicate the potential of the HISS for predicting the final impairment after hand injuries.

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Horng, Yi-Shiung, Ming-Chuan Lin, Chi-Tzu Feng, Chi-Hung Huang, Hsin-Chi Wu y Jung-Der Wang. "Responsiveness of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire in Patients With Hand Injury". Journal of Hand Surgery 35, n.º 3 (marzo de 2010): 430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2009.11.016.

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Schwartz, Deborah A. "Responsiveness of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire in Patients with Hand Injury". Journal of Hand Therapy 23, n.º 4 (octubre de 2010): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jht.2010.06.004.

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Dogu, Beril, Ahmet Usen, Banu Kuran, Figen Yilmaz y Hulya Sirzai. "Comparison of responsiveness of Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire, and Duruöz Hand Index in patients with traumatic hand injury". Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation 32, n.º 1 (24 de enero de 2019): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bmr-181255.

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Minkara, A., M. R. Simmons, A. Goodale y Y. J. Patil. "Subjective morbidity following radial free flap reconstruction in head and neck tumour patients". Journal of Laryngology & Otology 133, n.º 03 (28 de febrero de 2019): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215119000197.

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AbstractObjectiveEvaluation of post-operative donor site disability remains unaddressed in radial forearm free flap cases. This study aimed to assess donor site dysfunction following radial forearm free flap harvest using validated general, disease-specific and site-specific disability questionnaires.MethodsIn this retrospective case series of 24 patients at a tertiary academic medical centre, patients were assessed using the Short Form 36 Health Survey, Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment questionnaire, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire. One-sample z-tests were performed, comparing means of the cohort to controls.ResultsCompared to population controls, the cohort had higher mean scores for the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (18.22 vs 10.1, p < 0.01), and Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment questionnaire bothersome index (21.44 vs 13.77, p = 0.04), and a lower mean score for the Short Form 36 Health Survey physical component (38.88 vs 50, p < 0.01), indicating a greater disability for the cohort compared to controls.ConclusionRadial forearm free flap harvest causes significant long-term donor site disability in head and neck tumour patients. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire is a concise tool for measuring this dysfunction.

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Son, Hyo-Jung, Dae-Sik Kim y Sin-Ae Park. "Horticultural Therapy for Improving the Work Performance and Interpersonal Relationships of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 21 (25 de octubre de 2022): 13874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113874.

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For the occupational adaptation and social integration of the intellectually disabled, it is helpful to improve their work performance and interpersonal skills. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of horticultural therapy (HT) programs to improve work performance and interpersonal relationships of persons with intellectual disabilities. Based on observations and analyses of how people with intellectual disabilities work, we have developed a 12-session HT program that includes upper limb movements and physical activities to improve hand function. We recruited, with the consent of their legal guardians, 14 (6 males, 8 females) participants who had intellectual disabilities and were working at a sheltered workshop in K-gu, Seoul, South Korea. The program consisted of twelve sixty-minute sessions that were conducted twice a week at a rooftop garden. For pre- and post-evaluation of the program, the survey of functional adaptive behavior (SFAB), interpersonal negotiation strategies, a horticultural job evaluation (self), hand function tests (pegboard, pinch gauge, fingertips), and blood sample tests for physiological indicators of exercise were conducted. Interpersonal negotiation strategies, functional adaptive behaviors, and physical abilities for job behaviors, including agility and grasping of the hand, improved significantly from before to after the program (p < 0.05). A positive result of VEGF (vascular endothermic growth factor) in blood sample tests implies the need for further research on cognitive changes caused by horticultural activities. This study has limitations due to the small number of participants, but the results suggest that low- to medium-intensity horticultural treatment programs using the upper body and hands could be effective for vocational rehabilitation of the intellectually disabled.

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Micle, Lucian-Mihai y Erwin-Christian Lovasz. "Development of a Prosthetic Hand with Adaptive Grip". Robotica & Management 27, n.º 1 (2022): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/rm.2022.1.3.

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The aim of this paper was to make a study in the field of prosthesis, to present the long history of prostheses and the impact they have had on people with disabilities, to explain the anatomy of the skeleton of the hand and its properties. The most important aspect was by far the CAD design of a functional hand prosthesis using the Creo Parametric 5.0 program. so that it respects the aesthetic similarities with a real hand, but to ensure a space in the body of the hand for the mechanisms that will operate the fingers in compliance with the necessary calculations.

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Tanaka, Kazunari, Koji Horaiya, Junya Akagi y Nagatoshi Kihoin. "Timely manner application of hand orthoses to patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A case report". Prosthetics and Orthotics International 38, n.º 3 (30 de mayo de 2013): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364613489334.

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Background: In patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the atrophy of hand muscles often causes impairment of thumb/finger motion and disabilities in their activities of daily living. Hand orthoses are effective for such impairment and disabilities; however, there are some difficulties in their application. Case description and methods: In this case report, we present the timely application of hand orthoses and introduce our clinical algorithm for the application of hand orthoses to patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Findings and outcomes: Our clinical algorithm was applied to 11 patients. The numbers of applications and the durations of the use of orthoses were as follows: 4, web spacer; 4, short thumb spica; 8, long thumb spica; and 2, cock-up splint; and 2.75, 2.0, 0.63, and 2.0 months, respectively. Conclusions: The clinical algorithm for the application of hand orthoses is helpful in choosing the optimal orthoses and contributes to maximizing patients’ function, independence, and quality of life. Clinical relevance Hand orthoses are useful for improving the activities of daily living of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The clinical algorithm might be helpful for many physicians in choosing the optimal orthoses in a timely manner.

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Mark, Benedikt G., Sarah Hofmayer, Erwin Rauch y Dominik T. Matt. "Inclusion of Workers with Disabilities in Production 4.0: Legal Foundations in Europe and Potentials Through Worker Assistance Systems". Sustainability 11, n.º 21 (28 de octubre de 2019): 5978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215978.

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The inclusion of employees with disabilities in production is an issue that has rarely been addressed by scientists from the manufacturing sector. In this article, we examine to what extent the trend towards Industry 4.0 offers potential for the inclusion of people with disabilities in Production 4.0. First, we examine relevant legal foundations and restrictions in Europe and in more detail in Austria, Italy, and Norway. Next, based on a literature review, we examine which technological aids in the form of worker assistance systems derived from Industry 4.0 can make jobs in the manufacturing sector accessible for people with disabilities. Three types of assistance systems have been examined: sensorial aid systems, physical aid systems, and cognitive aid systems. In a concluding discussion of the results, we finally summarize the implications on management and policies as well as the potential and limitations of identified worker assistance technologies. On the one hand, the study is intended to draw the attention of researchers and industrial companies to new technological possibilities for the inclusion of people with disabilities in production. On the other hand, difficulties and grievances due to the legal foundations are pointed out to stimulate a critical discussion here as well.

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Hulkkonen, S., J. P. Repo, A. Häkkinen, J. Karppinen y J. Ryhänen. "Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Finnish Version of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire". Scandinavian Journal of Surgery 109, n.º 2 (13 de diciembre de 2018): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1457496918818981.

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Background and Aims: Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire is a widely used patient-reported outcome measure in hand surgery. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire into Finnish for Finnish patients with hand problems following international standards and guidelines. Material and Methods: The original English Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire was translated into Finnish. Altogether, 115 patients completed the Finnish Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire, and reference outcomes: Disabilities of the Arm and Shoulder, EQ-5D 3L and pain intensity on a visual analog scale. Grip and key pinch forces were measured. After 1–2 weeks, 63 patients completed the Finnish Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire the second time. The Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire was analyzed for internal consistency, repeatability, correlations with the reference outcomes, and factor analysis. Results: Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.90 to 0.97 in all the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire subscales, showing high internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient showed good to excellent test–retest reliability ranging from 0.66 to 0.91 in all the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire subscales. In factor analysis, the structure with six subscales was not confirmed. All the subscales correlated with Disabilities of the Arm and Shoulder score, and five subscales correlated with EQ-5D index. Conclusion: The Finnish version of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire showed similar properties compared to the original English version and thus can be used as patient-reported outcome measure for Finnish patients with hand problems.

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Mykhalovskiy, Eric, Rita Kanarek, Colin Hastings, Jenna Doig y Melanie Rock. "Normative Tensions in the Popular Representation of Children with Disabilities and Animal-Assisted Therapy". Canadian Journal of Disability Studies 9, n.º 2 (30 de julio de 2020): 10–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjds.v9i2.624.

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This article contributes to the critical disability and human-nonhuman animal studies literatures through a discourse analysis of newspaper stories about animal-assisted therapy (AAT) and children with disabilities published in the United States and Canada. The articles in our corpus form a recognizable genre that we call AAT human-nonhuman animal interest stories. We pose two central questions of the genre: (1) how is the therapeutic value of AAT constituted? and (2) what are the effects, in discourse, of associating nonhuman animals and children with disabilities in narratives of therapeutic benefit? We emphasize the normative tensions associated with the representation of children with disabilities and nonhuman animals in news stories about AAT. On one hand, news articles objectify children with disabilities, inscribe their need to be made “normal” and silence their own experiences of AAT. On the other hand, they are written in ways that extend and strengthen the disabled body and self through connections with nonhuman therapy animals. They disrupt sharp species distinctions and present narratives of how interspecies relationships formed through participation in AAT co-constitute the agency of nonhuman therapy animals and children with disabilities. We argue that the normative tensions in the popular representation of AAT present important possibilities for intervening in public discourse about disability and nonhuman animals.

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Spreen, Otfried. "The Neuropsychology of Learning Disabilities". Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie 11, n.º 3 (agosto de 2000): 168–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024//1016-264x.11.3.168.

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Abstract: This critical review of the association between learning disabilities (LD) and neurological irnpairrnent ranges from functional studies of the normal brain (PET, fMRI) during reading to studies of neurological signs, soft signs, autopsies, studies of structural (MRI, CT) and functional ahnormalities in dyslexics. Reference is also made to the role of neurological signs for the adult outcome of LD, including academic as weil as personal achievement and adjustment outcome. It is concluded that the presence of neurological signs, including soft signs, is associated with most forms of learning disability. The poor stability of subtypes during childhood and poor outcome at adult age for some subtypes poses a challenge for further research. Future studies may be able to find a better fit between subtypes of LID and neurological abnormalities, on the one hand, and to adolescent and adult outcome on the other.

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Lancioni, G. E., M. F. O'Reilly, N. N. Singh, D. Oliva, L. Scalini, C. M. Vigo y J. Groeneweg. "Further Evaluation of Microswitch Clusters to Enhance Hand Response and Head Control in Persons with Multiple Disabilities". Perceptual and Motor Skills 100, n.º 3 (junio de 2005): 689–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.100.3.689-694.

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This study was a further evaluation of microswitch clusters (combinations of two microswitches) to improve adaptive responding together with correct head position in two persons with multiple disabilities. The two participants were 19.7 and 6.6 yr. old and had profound intellectual disabilities, spastic tetraparesis, and visual impairment. They were initially taught an adaptive hand response that activated a pressure microswitch and produced favorite stimulation. Thereafter, their performance of the hand response produced favorite stimulation only when it was combined with a correct head position (detected through a mercury microswitch). Analysis showed that both participants increased the frequency of the hand response and, subsequently, the percentage of times they emitted this response in combination with correct (upright) head position. In essence, they were able to coordinate constructive occupation with exercise of appropriate posture. Performance was maintained at a 2-mo. postintervention check.

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