Tesis sobre el tema "Group homes for the developmentally disabled"

Mental health group homes located in residential neighborhoods are considered a locally undesirable land uses. Most communities and neighborhood members are misinformed or unaware of numerous studies conducted in the United States concerning the impacts of mental health group homes. This study investigated several conflicting issues associated with the siting of mental health group homes and the three most expressed oppositions by the general public to the integration of these facilities into residential neighborhoods. This creative project determined what effects, if any, a mental health group home has on property values, crime and neighborhood stability using a Comparable Market Analysis, Muncie Police Department records, Multiple Listing Service information, interviews and records form Comprehensive Mental Health Services of East Central Indiana. A description of the process used and results are given along with a determination of the impacts mental health group homes have had on the Muncie, Indiana neighborhoods where one is located.
Department of Urban Planning

Normalization of persons with mental retardation has been a national goal for the past twenty-five years, and deinstitutionalization is the driving force to the attainment of this goal. Small group homes, or community based facilities, are viewed as a viable alternative to institutionalization. The sponsors of group homes have encountered neighborhood opposition to such an extent that specialized approaches for neighborhood entry have been developed. However, the efficacy of these entry approaches has received little empirical attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate entry approaches employed by sponsors of group homes in their attempts to locate in local communities. Structured personal interviews were conducted with sponsoring agency officials, managers of the group homes, area housing authorities, and persons residing in neighborhoods where group homes for persons with mental retardation were located during the months of May, June, and July, 1985. Individual case studies regarding seven group homes established in a large county in the state of North Carolina have been presented. Grouped data have also been reported in the attempt to investigate the efficacy of entry approaches the literature is currently advocating.
Ed. D.

Finding permanent homes for children with developmental disabilities (DD), whose parents have voluntarily relinquished their care, is a problem for social workers. Ontario adoption social workers at a biennial business meeting in November/04 (N = 49) were asked about possible solutions, using a questionnaire designed for this study; information was also collected on relevant experience and caseloads. Workers believed that: (1) a majority of parents who voluntarily relinquish the care of their child do so because of the burden of care and/or financial reasons; (2) subsidies would be more effective than open adoption in improving chances of adoption. Also, a significant number of these adoption workers did not have an experience with DD on which to base their casework decisions.
These findings highlight the need for specialist training on DD for social workers who deal with these children, and also the importance of subsidies for families who must care for them.

This  report  presents  the  results  of  a  thesis  where  care  residents  are  studied.  The  aim  of  the  study  was  to  identify   how   different   Swedish   municipalities   are   working   with   this   type   of   housing   from   The   Swedish  Act   (1993:387)   concerning   Support   and   Service   for   Persons   with   Certain   Functional   Impairments   (LSS)  was  introduced  1994.    This   work   results   in   a   clarification   of   the   development   of   group   homes.   An   insight   into   the   different  municipalities   work   with   LSS   will   provide   greater   understanding   of   both   local   authorities   and   market  players  to  succeed  in  the  future  development  of  the  business  and  type  of  housing.  It  presents  conclusions  that   can   be   object   of   further   research.   From   today,   new   demands   regarding   group   home   design,   mainly  due  to  new  generations.  A  young  person  that  today  receives  assistance  through  the  LSS  Act  grew  up  in  a  completely   different   way   compared   to   previous   generations   who   often   lived   their   entire   lives   in   an  institution.  This  allows  adjustments  in  activities  and  accommodation  when  new  homes  are  constructed.   The    insight    of    this    new    young   generation   and   the    word   independence    are   mostly   important    when  municipalities   identifies   focal   points   for   future   omes.   Today'ʹs   generations   are   much   better   suited   to  independent  lives  than previous  generations  who  largely  lived  their  lives  in  an  institution.    The  method  is  semi structured  interviews  were  used  in  order  to  get  close  to reality  and  thus  create  a  good  overview   and   find   problem   areas   where   there   are   opportunities   for   development.   The   purpose   of   the  interviews   is   to   find   out   how   a   number   of   municipalities   with   equal   conditions   for   LSS   are   working   to  develop   the   form   of   housing.   How   prospects   for   future   group   home   looks,   what   makes   a   group   home  better  and  what  demands  new  and  future  generations  place  on  the  living  environment  in  a  group  home.   From   the   early   1900s   there   have   been   major   changes   regarding   the   care   of  persons   with   disabilities   and  their   living   environment.   Should   we   also   look   at   the   future   development   of   the   group   homes,   it   is   not   difficult   to   see   that   a  similar   comparison   will   be   made   when   studies   on   LSS   homes'ʹ   development   in   the  future  is  written.  A  big  difference  for  the  care  of  persons  with  disabilities  from  its  beginning  until  today  is  that   there   is   now   a   statutory   support   the   health   care   work   must   be   done   in   the   best   way   possible.   Watchword   today   is   participation   and   equality   in   society.   This   historical   retrospect   is   seen   as   necessary or    market    participants    who    either    work    with    or    care    for    example,    real    estate    development    and  management   group  and   assisted   living.   The   last   twenty   years   have   been   very   important   for  people  receiving  assistance  under  LSS  Act  but  much  more  can  be  done  within  the  segment  of  samhällsfastigheter  to  create  better  housing  for  both  staff  and  tenants.
I denna rapport presenteras resultatet av ett examensarbete där vård och omsorgsboendens utveckling studeras. Syftet med studien har varit att kartlägga hur olika svenska kommuner arbetar med denna boendeform från att lagen om stöd och service för vissa funktionshindrade LSS igen introducerades 1994. Arbetet resulterar i ett klarläggande för utvecklingen av gruppbostäder. En insyn i olika kommuners arbete med LSS skall ge ökad förståelse för att både för kommuner och marknadsaktörer för att lyckas med framtida utveckling av verksamheten och boendeformen. Det presenteras slutsatser som kan vara objekt för vidare forskning. Från idag ställs nya krav gällande gruppbostadens utformning, främst beroende på nya generationer. Ungdomar som idag får stöd enligt LSS lagen är uppväxta på helt annorlunda sätt jämfört med tidigare generationer vilka oftast levt hela sina liv på institution. Detta gör att anpassningar i verksamheten och boendet bör göras vid nyproduktion av gruppbostäder. Integrationsgeneration och självständighet är orden som oftast förekommer då kommunerna pekar ut fokuspunkter för framtida boenden. Dagens generationer är mycket bättre anpassade till ett självständigt och egenförsörjande liv jämfört med tidigare generationer som till stor del levt sina liv på institution. Metoden semistrukturerade intervjuer har används för att kunna komma nära verkligheten och på så sätt skapa en bra överblick samt finna problemområden där det finns möjligheter till utveckling. Hur förutsättningarna för framtidens gruppbostad ser ut, vad som gör en gruppbostad bättre samt vilka krav nya och kommande generationer ställer på boendemiljön i en gruppbostad. Från tidigt 1900 al har det skett stora förändringar gällande omsorgen av personer med funktionsnedsättning och deras levnadsmiljö. Skall man även se på den framtida utvecklingen för grupp--‐‑och serviceboende är det inte svårt att se att en liknande  ämförelse kommer att göras när studier på LSS bostäders utveckling i framtiden skrivs. En stor skillnad för vård av personer med funktionsnedsättning från dess begynnelse till idag är att det numera finns ett lagstadgat stöd hur vård och omsorgsarbete skall ske på ett så bra sätt som möjligt. Ledord idag är delaktighet och jämlikhet i samhället. Denna historiska tillbakablick bör ses som nödvändigt för marknadsaktörer som antingen arbetar med omvårdnad eller exempelvis fastighetsbolag som utvecklar och förvaltar grupp och  erviceboenden. De senaste tjugo årens utveckling har varit mycket viktig för personer som får stöd enligt LSS lagen men mycket mer kan göras inom segmentet samhällsfarligheter för att skapa bättre boenden för både personal och hyresgäster

Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009.
Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed July 29, 2010) Ann Pearman, committee chair; Erin Ruel, Dennis Thompson, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-81).

This thesis reports the results of a comparison of the experiences of community participation between two groups of people - people with intellectual disability and non-disabled people. An interview schedule was developed, based on the social integration literature, government policy and a small empirical study. The common factors from these three bases were represented in the interview schedule which covered the areas of degree of social contact with family, friends and neighbours; involvement in the local community; and degree of satisfaction with the local community. Thirty people with intellectual disability and sixty non-disabled people were interviewed using the schedule. The non-disabled people lived in the same street (if possible) or within very close vicinity of the people with intellectual disability. The findings of community participation for people with intellectual disability reflected other research, indicating that this group had limited social contact, and reported few friendships in the community, but participated to a large extent in community activities and made use of community facilities. This group were also inclined to report satisfaction with living in, and feeling like part of the community. For non disabled people, the findings reflect a group that does not particularly feel like part of the community and makes limited use of community facilities. However, this group reported regular contact with family, friends and neighbours. The above findings are discussed with relevance to policy, theory, research and practice.

TITLE: SEXUALITY WORKPLACE ISSUES AMONG DIRECT SERVICE PERSONNEL WORKING WITH POPULATIONS WHO ARE INTELLECTUALLY DISABLED IN COMMUNITY INTEGRATED LIVING ARRANGEMENTS: A CASE STUDY MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Roberta Ogletree Background: The purpose of this study was to explore DSP workplace experiences, preparation, employee training, emotions, and perceptions in regards to types of sexual and affectionate behaviors exhibited by intellectually disabled adults in their care in the CILA setting. The study focused on analyzing these topics in relation to sexuality/affectionate behaviors experienced in the CILA workplace using a qualitative case study method. This analysis provided an understanding of what ideas and values DSPs brought to their roles of guiding the sexuality/affectionate behaviors of residents in their care and identified additional training needs from the DSP perspective to help them better do their jobs. Methods: Principles found in qualitative evaluation research were used to examine the influence of sexuality and affectionate behaviors and training within its naturally occurring world. The case was comprised of DSPs from the selected organization, located in a rural college town of approximately 25,000 people. Nine DSPs from five different CILA homes participated in the study. Data were generated using semi-structured interviews, observation of behaviors on interview video tapes, observation of emotional verbal cues on interview audio tapes, document analysis, and field notes. Results: Major themes were identified from data and organized around the research questions. Common categories under affectionate behaviors were dating, flirting, friendship/socialization, holding hands/hugging, media/technology, and problematic behaviors. Common categories under sexuality behaviors were groping, masturbation/females, masturbation/males, and problematic behaviors. Less common categories were affectionate behaviors-attention seeking/ego, sexuality behaviors – sexual intercourse, and sexuality behaviors – dating and marriage. Once data were categorized, each category’s responses were sorted to identify overarching theme areas for recommendations. The themes were Employee Training and Development, Socialization Needs (Affectionate Behaviors, Sexuality, and Relationships), and Language Issues (Positive, Negative, and First Person). Primary strengths identified included thinking of residents as family, the feeling of strong management support, and lack of significant conflict within the CILA homes. Elements that detracted from the DSP experience included low rate of hourly pay, employee turnover among DSP supervisors, lack of specific sexuality education for both staff and residents, limited retention of mandatory training topics, and lack of communication of sexuality policies and procedures. Conclusions were a need for additional training for DSPs and staff on the topics of human sexuality and affectionate behaviors in CILA homes; examining DSP training to increase knowledge retention in the staff; better communication of policies, procedures, and protocols regarding sexuality and affectionate behaviors that pertain to how situations are handled in CILA homes; and ensuring all training materials use first person language.

This study explores similarities and differences in turntaking structures in the discourse of a group of typical children and one atypical child. Nineteen normally developing pre-school children and one atypical child were videotaped reading books with their parents. Each of the nineteen parent/child dyads were videotaped at the child's pre-school, and the atypical child (Ben) was videotaped at school both with a trained educator and with his mother. Analyses of the resulting videotapes yielded categorical data on types and structures of turntaking. The utterances of the typical children appeared most often in the category of response. This finding also applied to Ben when he was interacting with his teacher, although when Ben was interacting with his mother the majority of his utterances appeared in the category of imitation. Parents of the typical children used primarily responses, mands and turnabouts. The greatest difference between Ben's mother and the other parents is found in the categories of response and mand which were lower in the case of Ben's mother. It appears that conversational turntaking in a language delayed child is different from the pattern of conversational turntaking in a group of typical children. If indeed the This study explores similarities and differences in turntaking structures in the discourse of a group of typical children and one atypical child. Nineteen normally developing pre-school children and one atypical child were videotaped reading books with their parents. Each of the nineteen parent/child dyads were videotaped at the child's pre-school, and the atypical child (Ben) was videotaped at school both with a trained educator and with his mother. Analyses of the resulting videotapes yielded categorical data on types and structures of turntaking. The utterances of the typical children appeared most often in the category of response. This finding also applied to Ben when he was interacting with his teacher, although when Ben was interacting with his mother the majority of his utterances appeared in the category of imitation. Parents of the typical children used primarily responses, mands and turnabouts. The greatest difference between Ben's mother and the other parents is found in the categories of response and mand which were lower in the case of Ben's mother. It appears that conversational turntaking in a language delayed child is different from the pattern of conversational turntaking in a group of typical children. If indeed the difficulty lies with interaction, or turntaking skills, this may have significant implications for approaches to remediation used with children who are identified as autistic or severely learning disabled.
Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate

There is an ongoing trend in Western societies, including Australia, to move people with developmental disabilities out of institutions and into community based accommodation. When deinstitutionalisation occurs it impacts not only on the person with a disability but on their significant others and also on the organisation/s providing them with support. While government departments and support organisations say that they involve family members in deinstitutionalisation, little previous research has focussed on family members’ experiences of deinstitutionalisation to know if it is an engaging and empowering experience for them. Most previous studies of deinstitutionalisation, where they have spoken to significant others, have focussed on their perceptions of the benefits or disadvantages of deinstitutionalisation for their son or daughter with a disability directly rather than considering how it impacted upon the significant others. I identified this as a gap in our current knowledge and set out through this study to find out what deinstitutionalisation was like from the viewpoint of some significant others involved in it My research methodology was informed by a Symbolic Interactionist approach whereby I wished to investigate the meaning attached by significant others to the process and the outcomes of deinstitutionalisation through in depth interviews The application of selective coding procedures led to the development of the core category - for some significant others devolution is a disempowering process. This is a different viewpoint to that expressed in the majority of studies of devolution. In considering why this study revealed a different story, I identified through the data and from reviewing the available international literature, that deinstitutionalisation rekindles feelings of guilt regarding the decision to place their child in an out-of-home placement. Application of these principles might result in Empowering Partnerships which would in turn benefit all three players. I translated the three major categories and five principles into a Model of Empowering Partnerships in Devolution.
Master of Arts (Hons)

There is an ongoing trend in Western societies, including Australia, to move people with developmental disabilities out of institutions and into community based accommodation. When deinstitutionalisation occurs it impacts not only on the person with a disability but on their significant others and also on the organisation/s providing them with support. While government departments and support organisations say that they involve family members in deinstitutionalisation, little previous research has focussed on family members’ experiences of deinstitutionalisation to know if it is an engaging and empowering experience for them. Most previous studies of deinstitutionalisation, where they have spoken to significant others, have focussed on their perceptions of the benefits or disadvantages of deinstitutionalisation for their son or daughter with a disability directly rather than considering how it impacted upon the significant others. I identified this as a gap in our current knowledge and set out through this study to find out what deinstitutionalisation was like from the viewpoint of some significant others involved in it My research methodology was informed by a Symbolic Interactionist approach whereby I wished to investigate the meaning attached by significant others to the process and the outcomes of deinstitutionalisation through in depth interviews The application of selective coding procedures led to the development of the core category - for some significant others devolution is a disempowering process. This is a different viewpoint to that expressed in the majority of studies of devolution. In considering why this study revealed a different story, I identified through the data and from reviewing the available international literature, that deinstitutionalisation rekindles feelings of guilt regarding the decision to place their child in an out-of-home placement. Application of these principles might result in Empowering Partnerships which would in turn benefit all three players. I translated the three major categories and five principles into a Model of Empowering Partnerships in Devolution.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of untrained and trained peer tutors on the motor performance of students with developmental disabilities in integrated physical education classes. This study utilized a single subject delayed multiple baseline design across subjects. Six elementary age students with developmental disabilities and six nondisabled peer tutors participated in the study. The students were videotaped during their physical education class and data were analyzed on discrete motor skill responses. The students were assigned to one of two protocols. Protocol 1 consisted of three conditions; baseline, assistance by an untrained peer tutor, and assistance by a trained peer tutor. The results of Protocol 1 data revealed that trained peer tutors were effective at assisting subjects with developmental disabilities improve their motor performance, while untrained peer tutors were not. As a result of these findings Protocol 2 which consisted only of baseline and assistance by trained peer tutors, was utilized to replicate and provide additional support for the effect of trained peer tutors. The results of Protocol 2 revealed that trained peer tutors were effective at assisting subjects with developmental disabilities improve their motor performance in integrated physical education classes. Trained peer tutors were provided with instruction in the following three teaching areas: cueing, feedback, and reinforcement. The cueing techniques followed the system of least prompts and included verbal cueing, modeling, and physical assistance. Feedback information consisted of positive general and positive specific reinforcement. Peer tutors were trained over two 30 minute sessions. Pre-established criteria required the peer tutors to implement the teaching behaviors with the researcher a minimum of 4 out 5 times, and receive a score of 90% or better on the peer tutor quiz. All peers were successful at meeting this criteria. Data were collected on the tutors' teaching behaviors throughout the study via a wireless microphone. The results of the peer tutor data revealed that the tutors were able to implement the tutor training program. The results of this study demonstrate that elementary age peer tutors can be trained to provide assistance to students with developmental disabilities in integrated physical education classes. Recommendations for future research are provided based on the results of this study.
Graduation date: 1994