Tesis sobre el tema "Graphes embeddings"
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Damay, Gabriel. "Dynamic Decision Trees and Community-based Graph Embeddings : towards Interpretable Machine Learning". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAT047.
Texto completoMachine Learning is the field of computer science that interests in building models and solutions from data without knowing exactly the set of instructions internal to these models and solutions. This field has achieved great results but is now under scrutiny for the inability to understand or audit its models among other concerns. Interpretable Machine Learning addresses these concerns by building models that are inherently interpretable. This thesis contributes to Interpretable Machine Learning in two ways.First, we study Decision Trees. This is a very popular group of Machine Learning methods for classification problems and it is interpretable by design. However, real world data is often dynamic, but few algorithms can maintain a decision tree when data can be both inserted and deleted from the training set. We propose a new algorithm called FuDyADT to solve this problem.Second, when data are represented as graphs, a very common machine learning technique called "embedding" consists in projecting them onto a vectorial space. This kind of method however is usually not interpretable. We propose a new embedding algorithm called Parfaite based on the factorization of the Personalized PageRank matrix. This algorithm is designed to provide interpretable results.We study both algorithms theoretically and experimentally. We show that FuDyADT is at least comparable to state-of-the-art algorithms in the usual setting, while also being able to handle unusual settings such as deletions of data and numerical features. Parfaite on the other hand produces embedding dimensions that align with the communities of the graph, making the embedding interpretable
Muller, Carole. "Minor-closed classes of graphs: Isometric embeddings, cut dominants and ball packings". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/331629.
Texto completoA class of graphs is closed under taking minors if for each graph in the class and each minor of this graph, the minor is also in the class. By a famous result of Robertson and Seymour, we know that characterizing such a class can be done by identifying a finite set of minimal excluded minors, that is, graphs which do not belong to the class and are minor-minimal for this property.In this thesis, we study three problems in minor-closed classes of graphs. The first two are related to the characterization of some graph classes, while the third one studies a packing-covering relation for graphs excluding a minor.In the first problem, we study isometric embeddings of edge-weighted graphs into metric spaces. In particular, we consider ell_2- and ell_∞-spaces. Given a weighted graph, an isometric embedding maps the vertices of this graph to vectors such that for each edge of the graph the weight of the edge equals the distance between the vectors representing its ends. We say that a weight function on the edges of the graph is a realizable distance function if such an embedding exists. The minor-monotone parameter f_p(G) determines the minimum dimension k of an ell_p-space such that any realizable distance function of G is realizable in ell_p^k. We characterize graphs with large f_p(G) value in terms of unavoidable minors for p = 2 and p = ∞. Roughly speaking, a family of graphs gives unavoidable minors for a minor-monotone parameter if these graphs “explain” why the parameter is high.The second problem studies the minimal excluded minors of the class of graphs such that φ(G) is bounded by some constant k, where φ(G) is a parameter related to the cut dominant of a graph G. This unbounded polyhedron contains all points that are componentwise larger than or equal to a convex combination of incidence vectors of cuts in G. The parameter φ(G) is equal to the maximum right-hand side of a facet-defining inequality of the cut dominant of G in minimum integer form. We study minimal excluded graphs for the property φ(G) <= 4 and provide also a new bound of φ(G) in terms of the vertex cover number.The last problem has a different flavor as it studies a packing-covering relation in classes of graphs excluding a minor. Given a graph G, a ball of center v and radius r is the set of all vertices in G that are at distance at most r from v. Given a graph and a collection of balls, we can define a hypergraph H such that its vertices are the vertices of G and its edges correspond to the balls in the collection. It is well-known that, in the hypergraph H, the transversal number τ(H) is at least the packing number ν(H). We show that we can bound τ(H) from above by a linear function of ν(H) for every graphs G and ball collections H if the graph G excludes a minor, solving an open problem by Chepoi, Estellon et Vaxès.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Trouillon, Théo. "Modèles d'embeddings à valeurs complexes pour les graphes de connaissances". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM048/document.
Texto completoThe explosion of widely available relational datain the form of knowledge graphsenabled many applications, including automated personalagents, recommender systems and enhanced web search results.The very large size and notorious incompleteness of these data basescalls for automatic knowledge graph completion methods to make these applicationsviable. Knowledge graph completion, also known as link-prediction,deals with automatically understandingthe structure of large knowledge graphs---labeled directed graphs---topredict missing entries---labeled edges. An increasinglypopular approach consists in representing knowledge graphs as third-order tensors,and using tensor factorization methods to predict their missing entries.State-of-the-art factorization models propose different trade-offs between modelingexpressiveness, and time and space complexity. We introduce a newmodel, ComplEx---for Complex Embeddings---to reconcile both expressivenessand complexity through the use of complex-valued factorization, and exploreits link with unitary diagonalization.We corroborate our approach theoretically and show that all possibleknowledge graphs can be exactly decomposed by the proposed model.Our approach based on complex embeddings is arguably simple,as it only involves a complex-valued trilinear product,whereas other methods resort to more and more complicated compositionfunctions to increase their expressiveness. The proposed ComplEx model isscalable to large data sets as it remains linear in both space and time, whileconsistently outperforming alternative approaches on standardlink-prediction benchmarks. We also demonstrateits ability to learn useful vectorial representations for other tasks,by enhancing word embeddings that improve performanceson the natural language problem of entailment recognitionbetween pair of sentences.In the last part of this thesis, we explore factorization models abilityto learn relational patterns from observed data.By their vectorial nature, it is not only hard to interpretwhy this class of models works so well,but also to understand where they fail andhow they might be improved. We conduct an experimentalsurvey of state-of-the-art models, not towardsa purely comparative end, but as a means to get insightabout their inductive abilities.To assess the strengths and weaknesses of each model, we create simple tasksthat exhibit first, atomic properties of knowledge graph relations,and then, common inter-relational inference through synthetic genealogies.Based on these experimental results, we propose new researchdirections to improve on existing models, including ComplEx
Liu, Jixiong. "Semantic Annotations for Tabular Data Using Embeddings : Application to Datasets Indexing and Table Augmentation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS529.
Texto completoWith the development of Open Data, a large number of data sources are made available to communities (including data scientists and data analysts). This data is the treasure of digital services as long as data is cleaned, unbiased, as well as combined with explicit and machine-processable semantics in order to foster exploitation. In particular, structured data sources (CSV, JSON, XML, etc.) are the raw material for many data science processes. However, this data derives from different domains for which consumers are not always familiar with (knowledge gap), which complicates their appropriation, while this is a critical step in creating machine learning models. Semantic models (in particular, ontologies) make it possible to explicitly represent the implicit meaning of data by specifying the concepts and relationships present in the data. The provision of semantic labels on datasets facilitates the understanding and reuse of data by providing documentation on the data that can be easily used by a non-expert. Moreover, semantic annotation opens the way to search modes that go beyond simple keywords and allow the use of queries of a high conceptual level on the content of the datasets but also their structure while overcoming the problems of syntactic heterogeneity encountered in tabular data. This thesis introduces a complete pipeline for the extraction, interpretation, and applications of tables in the wild with the help of knowledge graphs. We first refresh the exiting definition of tables from the perspective of table interpretation and develop systems for collecting and extracting tables on the Web and local files. Three table interpretation systems are further proposed based on either heuristic rules or graph representation models facing the challenges observed from the literature. Finally, we introduce and evaluate two table augmentation applications based on semantic annotations, namely data imputation and schema augmentation
Boudin, Marina. "Approche computationnelle pour le repositionnement de médicament au travers d’une perspective holistique avec les graphes de connaissances (OREGANO)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025BORD0019.
Texto completoDrug discovery is a long and costly process. Drug repositioning is a promising alternative which involves finding new indications for existing drugs. By comparing large quantities of information on drugs that have failed in the final phases of clinical trials, or that have been granted marketing authorization and are now on the market, it is possible to find candidate repositioning drugs capable of treating a condition for which they were not initially developed. To compare all these drugs, computational methods, based on large databases, are favored for their efficiency, speed and ability to analyze large quantities of information. Knowledge graphs are ideal structures for integrating this heterogeneous information. A knowledge graph organizes its information into triplets consisting of a subject, an object and a predicate explaining the relationship between the subject and the object. This graph, combined with embedding techniques (machine learning), can be used to predict new relationships between subjects and objects (which are nodes in the graph). It is therefore possible to transform the problem of repositioning into a problem of discovering new links in a graph. This thesis addresses these issues in the context of the OREGANO project, which aims to build a large knowledge graph on drugs and apply node-plotting techniques for drug repositioning. These techniques “project” the graph into a vector space where each entity is represented by a vector. One of OREGANO’s innovations is also to include data on natural compounds whose medicinal properties are exploited in many countries, and whose repositioning potential has been little explored. First, we present the way in which we designed the OREGANO knowledge graph, considering two distinct integration approaches. We then describe the evolutions that have been made to the graph over the years. Thirdly, we demonstrate the ability of the OREGANO knowledge graph to predict new links using embedding techniques. Predictions are evaluated with the usual metrics and empirically in the context of drug repositioning. The OREGANO graph as well as the algorithm and code developments are made available to the community at https://gitub.u-bordeaux.fr/erias/oregano
Le, coz Corentin. "Separation and Poincaré profiles Separation profiles, isoperimetry, growth and compression Poincaré profiles of lamplighter diagonal products". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASM014.
Texto completoThe goal of this thesis report is to present my research concerning separation and Poincaré profiles. Separation profile first appeared in 2012 in a seminal article written by Benjamini, Schramm and Timár. This definition was based on preceding research, in the field of computer science, mainly work of Lipton and Trajan concerning planar graphs, and of Miller, Teng, Thurston and Vavasis concerning overlap graphs. The separation profile plays now a role in geometric group theory, where my personal interests lies, because of its property of monotonicity under coarse embeddings. It was generalized by Hume, Mackay and Tessera in 2019 to a spectrum of profiles, called the Poincaré profiles
Prouteau, Thibault. "Graphs,Words, and Communities : converging paths to interpretability with a frugal embedding framework". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Le Mans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LEMA1006.
Texto completoRepresentation learning with word and graph embedding models allows distributed representations of information that can in turn be used in input of machine learning algorithms. Through the last two decades, the tasks of embedding graphs’ nodes and words have shifted from matrix factorization approaches that could be trained in a matter of minutes to large models requiring ever larger quantities of training data and sometimes weeks on large hardware architectures. However, in a context of global warming where sustainability is a critical concern, we ought to look back to previous approaches and consider their performances with regard to resources consumption. Furthermore, with the growing involvement of embeddings in sensitive machine learning applications (judiciary system, health), the need for more interpretable and explainable representations has manifested. To foster efficient representation learning and interpretability, this thesis introduces Lower Dimension Bipartite Graph Framework (LDBGF), a node embedding framework able to embed with the same pipeline graph data and text from large corpora represented as co-occurrence networks. Within this framework, we introduce two implementations (SINr-NR, SINr-MF) that leverage community detection in networks to uncover a latent embedding space where items (nodes/words) are represented according to their links to communities. We show that SINr-NR and SINr-MF can compete with similar embedding approaches on tasks such as predicting missing links in networks (link prediction) or node features (degree centrality, PageRank score). Regarding word embeddings, we show that SINr-NR is a good contender to represent words via word co-occurrence networks. Finally, we demonstrate the interpretability of SINr-NR on multiple aspects. First with a human evaluation that shows that SINr-NR’s dimensions are to some extent interpretable. Secondly, by investigating sparsity of vectors, and how having fewer dimensions may allow interpreting how the dimensions combine and allow sense to emerge
Tahraoui, Mohammed Amin. "Coloring, packing and embedding of graphs". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00995041.
Texto completoLisena, Pasquale. "Knowledge-based music recommendation : models, algorithms and exploratory search". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS614.
Texto completoRepresenting the information about music is a complex activity that involves different sub-tasks. This thesis manuscript mostly focuses on classical music, researching how to represent and exploit its information. The main goal is the investigation of strategies of knowledge representation and discovery applied to classical music, involving subjects such as Knowledge-Base population, metadata prediction, and recommender systems. We propose a complete workflow for the management of music metadata using Semantic Web technologies. We introduce a specialised ontology and a set of controlled vocabularies for the different concepts specific to music. Then, we present an approach for converting data, in order to go beyond the librarian practice currently in use, relying on mapping rules and interlinking with controlled vocabularies. Finally, we show how these data can be exploited. In particular, we study approaches based on embeddings computed on structured metadata, titles, and symbolic music for ranking and recommending music. Several demo applications have been realised for testing the previous approaches and resources
Bekkouch, Imad Eddine Ibrahim. "Auxiliary learning & Adversarial training pour les études des manuscrits médiévaux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUL014.
Texto completoThis thesis is at the intersection of musicology and artificial intelligence, aiming to leverage AI to help musicologists with repetitive work, such as object searching in the museum's manuscripts. We annotated four new datasets for medieval manuscript studies: AMIMO, AnnMusiconis, AnnVihuelas, and MMSD. In the second part, we improve object detectors' performances using Transfer learning techniques and Few Shot Object Detection.In the third part, we discuss a powerful approach to Domain Adaptation, which is auxiliary learning, where we train the model on the target task and an extra task that allows for better stabilization of the model and reduces over-fitting.Finally, we discuss self-supervised learning, which does not use extra meta-data by leveraging the adversarial learning approach, forcing the model to extract domain-independent features
Luqman, Muhammad Muzzamil. "Fuzzy multilevel graph embedding for recognition, indexing and retrieval of graphic document images". Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR4005/document.
Texto completoThis thesis addresses the problem of lack of efficient computational tools for graph based structural pattern recognition approaches and proposes to exploit computational strength of statistical pattern recognition. It has two fold contributions. The first contribution is a new method of explicit graph embedding. The proposed graph embedding method exploits multilevel analysis of graph for extracting graph level information, structural level information and elementary level information from graphs. It embeds this information into a numeric feature vector. The method employs fuzzy overlapping trapezoidal intervals for addressing the noise sensitivity of graph representations and for minimizing the information loss while mapping from continuous graph space to discrete vector space. The method has unsupervised learning abilities and is capable of automatically adapting its parameters to underlying graph dataset. The second contribution is a framework for automatic indexing of graph repositories for graph retrieval and subgraph spotting. This framework exploits explicit graph embedding for representing the cliques of order 2 by numeric feature vectors, together with classification and clustering tools for automatically indexing a graph repository. It does not require a labeled learning set and can be easily deployed to a range of application domains, offering ease of query by example (QBE) and granularity of focused retrieval
Besomi, Ormazábal Guido Andrés. "Tree embeddings in dense graphs". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/164009.
Texto completoMemoria para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Matemático
En 1995 Komlós, Sárközy y Szemerédi probaron que para cualquier $\delta>0$ y cualquier entero positivo $\Delta$, todo grafo $G$ de orden $n$, con $n$ suficientemente grande, que satisfaga $\delta(G)\geq (1+\delta)\frac{n}{2}$, contiene como subgrafo a todo árbol de $n$ vértices y grado máximo acotado por $\Delta$. En esta memoria se presentan dos posibles generalizaciones de este resultado, estableciendo condiciones suficientes para el \textit{embedding} de árboles de orden $k$ en grafos con grado mínimo al menos $(1+\delta)\frac{k}{2}$, donde $k$ es lineal en el orden del grafo anfitrión. En 1963 Erd\H{o}s y Sós conjeturaron que, dado un entero $k$, un grafo $G$ con grado promedio mayor que $k-1$ debería contener todos los árboles en $k$ aristas como subgrafos. Como consecuencia de uno de los resultados principales de esta memoria, se demuestra una versión parcial de la conjetura de Erd\H{o}s-Sós. Siguiendo la linea del \textit{embedding} de árboles en grafos con condiciones de grado mínimo, Havet, Reed, Stein y Wood conjeturaron el 2016 que todo grafo con grado mínimo al menos $\lfloor\frac{2k}{3}\rfloor$ y grado máximo al menos $k$ contiene todo árbol con $k$ aristas como subgrafo. Las técnicas aquí desarrolladas permiten, adicionalmente, probar una versión parcial de esta conjetura.
CMM - Conicyt PIA AFB170001
Boschin, Armand. "Machine learning techniques for automatic knowledge graph completion". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAT016.
Texto completoA knowledge graph is a directed graph in which nodes are entities and edges, typed by a relation, represent known facts linking two entities. These graphs can encode a wide variety of information, but their construction and exploitation can be complex. Historically, symbolic methods have been used to extract rules about entities and relations, to correct anomalies or to predict missing facts. More recently, techniques of representation learning, or embeddings, have attempted to solve these same tasks. Initially purely algebraic or geometric, these methods have become more complex with deep neural networks and have sometimes been combined with pre-existing symbolic techniques.In this thesis, we first focus on the problem of implementation. Indeed, the diversity of libraries used makes the comparison of results obtained by different models a complex task. In this context, the Python library TorchKGE was developed to provide a unique setup for the implementation of embedding models and a highly efficient inference evaluation module. This library relies on graphic acceleration of tensor computation provided by PyTorch, is compatible with widespread optimization libraries and is available as open source.We then consider the automatic enrichment of Wikidata by typing the hyperlinks linking Wikipedia pages. A preliminary study showed that the graph of Wikipedia articles is much denser than the corresponding knowledge graph in Wikidata. A new training method involving relations and an inference method using entity types were proposed and experiments showed the relevance of the combined approach, including on a new dataset.Finally, we explore automatic entity typing as a hierarchical classification task. That led to the design of a new hierarchical loss used to train tensor-based models along with a new type of encoder. Experiments on two datasets have allowed a good understanding of the impact a prior knowledge of class taxonomy can have on a classifier but also reinforced the intuition that the hierarchy can be learned from the features if the dataset is large enough
Turner, Bethany. "Embeddings of Product Graphs Where One Factor is a Hypercube". VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2455.
Texto completoCooley, Oliver Josef Nikolaus. "Embedding Problems for Graphs and Hypergraphs". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/766/.
Texto completoTreglown, Andrew Clark. "Embedding problems in graphs and hypergraphs". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1345/.
Texto completoRandby, Scott P. "Embedding K? in 4-connected graphs /". The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487759055158486.
Texto completoErten, Cesim. "Simultaneous embedding and visualization of graphs". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290066.
Texto completoRocha, Mário. "The embedding of complete bipartite graphs onto grids with a minimum grid cutwidth". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2311.
Texto completoKnox, Fiachra. "Embedding spanning structures in graphs and hypergraphs". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4027/.
Texto completoEhard, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Embeddings and decompositions of graphs and hypergraphs / Stefan Ehard". Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1224969421/34.
Texto completoMihalisin, James Edward. "Polytopal digraphs and non-polytopal facet graphs /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5760.
Texto completoHenderson, Matthew James. "Embedding Symmetric Latin Squares and Edge-Coloured graphs". Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485356.
Texto completoSonnet, Henry. "Embedding metadata in computer graphics for interaction". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=984708545.
Texto completoBloyet, Nicolas. "Caractérisation et plongement de sous-graphes colorés : application à la construction de modèles structures à activité (QSAR)". Thesis, Lorient, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORIS546.
Texto completoIn the field of chemistry, it is interesting to be able to estimate the physicochemical properties of molecules, especially for industrial applications. These are difficult to estimate by physical simulations, as their implementation often present prohibitive time complexity. However, the emergence of data (public or private) opens new perspectives for the treatment of these problems by statistical methods and machine learning. The main difficulty lies in the characterization of molecules: these are more like a network of atoms (in other words a colored graph) than a vector. Unfortunately, statistical modeling methods usually deal with observations encoded as such, hence the need for specific methods able to deal with graphs- encoded observations, called structure-activity relationships. The aim of this thesis is to take advantage of public corpora to learn the best possible representations of these structures, and to transfer this global knowledge to smaller datasets. We adapted methods used in automatic processing of natural languages to achieve this goal. To implement them, more theoretical work was needed, especially on the graph isomorphism problem. The results obtained on classification / regression tasks are at least competitive with the state of the art, and even sometimes better, in particular on restricted data sets, attesting some opportunities for transfer learning in this field
Potter, John R. "Pseudo-triangulations on closed surfaces". Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2008. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-021408-102227/.
Texto completoJenkins, Peter. "Partial graph design embeddings and related problems /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18945.pdf.
Texto completoGibert, Domingo Jaume. "Vector Space Embedding of Graphs via Statistics of Labelling Information". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96240.
Texto completoPattern recognition is the task that aims at distinguishing objects among different classes. When such a task wants to be solved in an automatic way a crucial step is how to formally represent such patterns to the computer. Based on the different representational formalisms, we may distinguish between statistical and structural pattern recognition. The former describes objects as a set of measurements arranged in the form of what is called a feature vector. The latter assumes that relations between parts of the underlying objects need to be explicitly represented and thus it uses relational structures such as graphs for encoding their inherent information. Vector spaces are a very flexible mathematical structure that has allowed to come up with several efficient ways for the analysis of patterns under the form of feature vectors. Nevertheless, such a representation cannot explicitly cope with binary relations between parts of the objects and it is restricted to measure the exact same number of features for each pattern under study regardless of their complexity. Graph-based representations present the contrary situation. They can easily adapt to the inherent complexity of the patterns but introduce a problem of high computational complexity, hindering the design of efficient tools to process and analyze patterns. Solving this paradox is the main goal of this thesis. The ideal situation for solving pattern recognition problems would be to represent the patterns using relational structures such as graphs, and to be able to use the wealthy repository of data processing tools from the statistical pattern recognition domain. An elegant solution to this problem is to transform the graph domain into a vector domain where any processing algorithm can be applied. In other words, by mapping each graph to a point in a vector space we automatically get access to the rich set of algorithms from the statistical domain to be applied in the graph domain. Such methodology is called graph embedding. In this thesis we propose to associate feature vectors to graphs in a simple and very efficient way by just putting attention on the labelling information that graphs store. In particular, we count frequencies of node labels and of edges between labels. Although their locality, these features are able to robustly represent structurally global properties of graphs, when considered together in the form of a vector. We initially deal with the case of discrete attributed graphs, where features are easy to compute. The continuous case is tackled as a natural generalization of the discrete one, where rather than counting node and edge labelling instances, we count statistics of some representatives of them. We encounter how the proposed vectorial representations of graphs suffer from high dimensionality and correlation among components and we face these problems by feature selection algorithms. We also explore how the diversity of different embedding representations can be exploited in order to boost the performance of base classifiers in a multiple classifier systems framework. An extensive experimental evaluation finally shows how the methodology we propose can be efficiently computed and compete with other graph matching and embedding methodologies.
Zha, Xiaoya. "Closed 2-cell embedding of 2-connected graphs in surfaces /". The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487844485895299.
Texto completoSimonovsky, Martin. "Deep learning on attributed graphs". Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1133/document.
Texto completoGraph is a powerful concept for representation of relations between pairs of entities. Data with underlying graph structure can be found across many disciplines, describing chemical compounds, surfaces of three-dimensional models, social interactions, or knowledge bases, to name only a few. There is a natural desire for understanding such data better. Deep learning (DL) has achieved significant breakthroughs in a variety of machine learning tasks in recent years, especially where data is structured on a grid, such as in text, speech, or image understanding. However, surprisingly little has been done to explore the applicability of DL on graph-structured data directly.The goal of this thesis is to investigate architectures for DL on graphs and study how to transfer, adapt or generalize concepts working well on sequential and image data to this domain. We concentrate on two important primitives: embedding graphs or their nodes into a continuous vector space representation (encoding) and, conversely, generating graphs from such vectors back (decoding). To that end, we make the following contributions.First, we introduce Edge-Conditioned Convolutions (ECC), a convolution-like operation on graphs performed in the spatial domain where filters are dynamically generated based on edge attributes. The method is used to encode graphs with arbitrary and varying structure.Second, we propose SuperPoint Graph, an intermediate point cloud representation with rich edge attributes encoding the contextual relationship between object parts. Based on this representation, ECC is employed to segment large-scale point clouds without major sacrifice in fine details.Third, we present GraphVAE, a graph generator allowing to decode graphs with variable but upper-bounded number of nodes making use of approximate graph matching for aligning the predictions of an autoencoder with its inputs. The method is applied to the task of molecule generation
Fowler, Joe. "Unlabled Level Planarity". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195812.
Texto completoEbsen, Oliver-Andre [Verfasser]. "Homomorphism thresholds and embeddings of spanning subgraphs in dense graphs / Oliver-Andre Ebsen". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1241249172/34.
Texto completoCassagnes, Cyril. "Architecture autonome et distribuée d’adressage et de routage pour la flexibilité des communications dans l’internet". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14600/document.
Texto completoLocal routing schemes based on virtual coordinates taken from the hyperbolic plane have attracted considerable interest in recent years.However, solutions have been applied to ad-hoc and sensor networks having a random topology and a limited number of nodes. In other hand, some research has focused on the creation of network topology models based on hyperbolic geometric laws. In this case, it has been shown that these graphs have an Internet-like topology and that local hyperbolic routing achieves a near perfect efficiency. However, with these graphs, routing success is not guaranteed even if no failures happen. In this thesis, we aim at building a scalable system for creating overlay networks on top of the Internet that would provide reliable addressing and routing service to its members in a dynamic environment.Next, we investigate how well P2PTV networks would support a growing number of users. In this thesis, we try to address this question by studying scalability and efficiency factors in a typical P2P based live streaming network. Through the use of the data provided by Zattoo a production P2PTV network, we carry out simulations whose results show that there are still hurdles to overcome before P2P based live streaming could depend uniquely of their users
Whalen, Peter. "Pfaffian orientations, flat embeddings, and Steinberg's conjecture". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52207.
Texto completoPALUMBO, ENRICO. "Knowledge Graph Embeddings for Recommender Systems". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2850588.
Texto completoIslam, Md Kamrul. "Explainable link prediction in large complex graphs - application to drug repurposing". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0203.
Texto completoMany real-world complex systems can be well-represented with graphs, where nodes represent objects or entities and links/relations represent interactions between pairs of nodes. Link prediction (LP) is one of the most interesting and long-standing problems in the field of graph mining; it predicts the probability of a link between two unconnected nodes based on available information in the current graph. This thesis studies the LP problem in graphs. It consists of two parts: LP in simple graphs and LP knowledge graphs (KGs). In the first part, the LP problem is defined as predicting the probability of a link between a pair of nodes in a simple graph. In the first study, a few similarity-based and embedding-based LP approaches are evaluated and compared on simple graphs from various domains. he study also criticizes the traditional way of computing the precision metric of similarity-based approaches as the computation faces the difficulty of tuning the threshold for deciding the link existence based on the similarity score. We proposed a new way of computing the precision metric. The results showed the expected superiority of embedding-based approaches. Still, each of the similarity-based approaches is competitive on graphs with specific properties. We could check experimentally that similarity-based approaches are fully explainable but lack generalization due to their heuristic nature, whereas embedding-based approaches are general but not explainable. The second study tries to alleviate the unexplainability limitation of embedding-based approaches by uncovering interesting connections between them and similarity-based approaches to get an idea of what is learned in embedding-based approaches. The third study demonstrates how the similarity-based approaches can be ensembled to design an explainable supervised LP approach. Interestingly, the study shows high LP performance for the supervised approach across various graphs, which is competitive with embedding-based approaches.The second part of the thesis focuses on LP in KGs. A KG is represented as a collection of RDF triples, (head,relation,tail) where the head and the tail are two entities which are connected by a specific relation. The LP problem in a KG is formulated as predicting missing head or tail entities in a triple. LP approaches based on the embeddings of entities and relations of a KG have become very popular in recent years, and generating negative triples is an important task in KG embedding methods. The first study in this part discusses a new method called SNS to generate high-quality negative triples during the training of embedding methods for learning embeddings of KGs. The results we produced show better LP performance when SNS is injected into an embedding approach than when injecting state-of-the-art negative triple sampling methods. The second study in the second part discusses a new neuro-symbolic method of mining rules and an abduction strategy to explain LP by an embedding-based approach utilizing the learned rules. The third study applies the explainable LP to a COVID-19 KG to develop a new drug repurposing approach for COVID-19. The approach learns ”ensemble embeddings” of entities and relations in a COVID-19 centric KG, in order to get a better latent representation of the graph elements. For the first time to our knowledge, molecular docking is then used to evaluate the predictions obtained from drug repurposing using KG embedding. Molecular evaluation and explanatory paths bring reliability to prediction results and constitute new complementary and reusable methods for assessing KG-based drug repurposing. The last study proposes a distributed architecture for learning KG embeddings in distributed and parallel settings. The results of the study that the computational time of embedding methods improves remarkably without affecting LP performance when they are trained in the proposed distributed settings than the traditional centralized settings
Thanh, Trung Huynh. "On leverage embedding techniques for network alignment". Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/416055.
Texto completoThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Info & Comm Tech
Institute of Integrated and Intelligent Systems
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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GARBARINO, DAVIDE. "Acknowledging the structured nature of real-world data with graphs embeddings and probabilistic inference methods". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1092453.
Texto completoWåhlin, Lova. "Towards Machine Learning Enabled Automatic Design of IT-Network Architectures". Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-249213.
Texto completoDet är många maskininlärningstekniker som inte kan appliceras på data i form av en graf. Tekniker som graph embedding, med andra ord att mappa en graf till ett vektorrum, can öppna upp för en större variation av maskininlärningslösningar. Det här examensarbetet evaluerar hur väl statiska graph embeddings kan fånga viktiga säkerhetsegenskaper hos en IT-arkitektur som är modellerad som en graf, med syftet att användas i en reinforcement learning algoritm. Dom egenskaper i grafen som används för att validera embedding metoderna är hur lång tid det skulle ta för en obehörig attackerare att penetrera IT-arkitekturen. Algorithmerna som implementeras är node embedding metoderna node2vec och gat2vec, samt graph embedding metoden graph2vec. Dom prediktiva resultaten är jämförda med två basmetoder. Resultaten av alla tre metoderna visar tydliga förbättringar relativt basmetoderna, där F1 värden i några fall uppvisar en fördubbling. Det går alltså att dra slutsatsen att att alla tre metoder kan fånga upp säkerhetsegenskaper i en IT-arkitektur. Dock går det inte att säga att statiska graph embeddings är den bästa lösningen till att representera en graf i en reinforcement learning algoritm, det finns andra komplikationer med statiska metoder, till exempel att embeddings från dessa metoder inte kan generaliseras till data som inte var använd till träning. För att kunna dra en absolut slutsats krävs mer undersökning, till exempel av dynamiska graph embedding metoder.
Gusmão, Arthur Colombini. "Interpreting embedding models of knowledge bases". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-04022019-094854/.
Texto completoBases de conhecimento apresentam diversas aplicações, desde processamento de linguagem natural a pesquisa semântica da web; contudo, na prática, sua utilidade é prejudicada por não serem totalmente completas. Para solucionar esse problema, diversas técnicas focam em completar bases de conhecimento, das quais modelos de embedding são eficientes, atingem estado da arte em acurácia, e eliminam a necessidade de fazer-se engenharia de características dos dados de entrada. Entretanto, as predições dos modelos de embedding são notoriamente difíceis de serem interpretadas. Neste trabalho, propomos métodos agnósticos a modelo que permitem interpretar modelos de embedding através da extração de regras Horn ponderadas por pesos dos mesmos. Mais espeficicamente, mostramos como os chamados \"métodos pedagógicos\", da literatura de redes neurais, podem ser adaptados para lidar com os aspectos relacionais e de larga escala de bases de conhecimento, e mostramos experimentalmente seus pontos fortes e fracos.
Yandrapally, Aruna Harini. "Combining Node Embeddings From Multiple Contexts Using Multi Dimensional Scaling". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1627658906149105.
Texto completoHelmberg, Christoph, Israel Rocha y Uwe Schwerdtfeger. "A Combinatorial Algorithm for Minimizing the Maximum Laplacian Eigenvalue of Weighted Bipartite Graphs". Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-175057.
Texto completoChen, Xiaofeng. "Plane Permutations and their Applications to Graph Embeddings and Genome Rearrangements". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77535.
Texto completoPh. D.
MONDAL, DEBAJYOTI. "Embedding a Planar Graph on a Given Point Set". Springer-Verlag Berlin, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8869.
Texto completoWiradee, Imrattanatrai. "Supporting Entity-oriented Search with Fine-grained Information in Knowledge Graphs". Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/259074.
Texto completoDube, Matthew P. "An Embedding Graph for 9-Intersection Topological Spatial Relations". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DubeMP2009.pdf.
Texto completoBoyer, John M. "Simplified O(n) algorithms for planar graph embedding, Kuratowski subgraph isolation, and related problems". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ62507.pdf.
Texto completoCandel, Gaëlle. "Connecting graphs to machine learning". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPSLE018.
Texto completoThis thesis proposes new approaches to process graph using machine learning algorithms designed for tabular data. A graph is a data structure made of nodes linked to each others by edges. This structure can be represented under a matrix form where the connection between two nodes is represented by a non-zero value, simplifying the manipulation of the data. Nonetheless, the transposition of an algorithm adapted to tabular data to graphs would not give the expected results because of the structural differences. Two characteristics make the transposition difficult: the low nodes’ connectivity and the power-law distribution of nodes’ degree. These two characteristics both lead to sparse matrices with low information content while requiring a large memory. In this work, we propose several methods that consider these two graph’s specificities. In the first part, we focus on citation graphs which belong to the directed acyclic graph category and can be exploited for technical watch, while the second part is dedicated to bipartite graphs mainly use by recommender systems. These adaptations permit the achievement of usual machine learning tasks, such as clustering and data visualization. Specific co-clustering algorithms were designed to segment jointly each side of a bipartite graph and identify groups of similar nodes. The third part approaches graphs from a different perspective. The developed approach exploits the k nearest neighbours graph built from the tabular data to help correcting classification errors. These different methods use diverse methods to embed more information in a vector compared to the usual binary encoding, allowing to process graphs with usual machine learning algorithm
Ahmed, Algabli Shaima. "Learning the Graph Edit Distance through embedding the graph matching". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669612.
Texto completoLos gráficos son estructuras de datos abstractas que se utilizan para modelar problemas reales con dos entidades básicas: nodos y aristas. Cada nodo o vértice representa un punto de interés relevante de un problema, y cada borde representa la relación entre estos puntos. Se podrían atribuir nodos y bordes para aumentar la precisión del modelo, lo que significa que estos atributos podrían variar de vectores de características a etiquetas de descripción. Debido a esta versatilidad, se han encontrado muchas aplicaciones en campos como visión por computadora, biomédicos y análisis de redes, etc. La primera parte de esta tesis presenta un método general para aprender automáticamente los costos de edición involucrados en la Edición de Gráficos Distancia. El método se basa en incrustar pares de gráficos y su mapeo de nodo a nodo de verdad fundamental en un espacio euclidiano. De esta manera, el algoritmo de aprendizaje no necesita calcular ninguna coincidencia de gráfico tolerante a errores, que es el principal inconveniente de otros métodos debido a su complejidad computacional exponencial intrínseca. Sin embargo, el método de aprendizaje tiene la principal restricción de que los costos de edición deben ser constantes. Luego probamos este método con varias bases de datos de gráficos y también lo aplicamos para realizar el registro de imágenes. En la segunda parte de la tesis, este método se especializa en la verificación de huellas digitales. Las dos diferencias principales con respecto al otro método son que solo definimos los costos de edición de sustitución en los nodos. Por lo tanto, suponemos que los gráficos no tienen aristas. Y también, el método de aprendizaje no se basa en una clasificación lineal sino en una regresión lineal.
Graphs are abstract data structures used to model real problems with two basic entities: nodes and edges. Each node or vertex represents a relevant point of interest of a problem, and each edge represents the relationship between these points. Nodes and edges could be attributed to increase the accuracy of the model, which means that these attributes could vary from feature vectors to description labels. Due to this versatility, many applications have been found in fields such as computer vision, biomedics, and network analysis, and so on .The first part of this thesis presents a general method to automatically learn the edit costs involved in the Graph Edit Distance. The method is based on embedding pairs of graphs and their ground-truth node-tonode mapping into a Euclidean space. In this way, the learning algorithm does not need to compute any Error-Tolerant Graph Matching, which is the main drawback of other methods due to its intrinsic exponential computational complexity. Nevertheless, the learning method has the main restriction that edit costs have to be constant. Then we test this method with several graph databases and also we apply it to perform image registration. In the second part of the thesis, this method is particularized to fingerprint verification. The two main differences with respect to the other method are that we only define the substitution edit costs on the nodes. Thus, we assume graphs do not have edges. And also, the learning method is not based on a linear classification but on a linear regression.
Jagtap, Surabhi. "Multilayer Graph Embeddings for Omics Data Integration in Bioinformatics". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPAST014.
Texto completoBiological systems are composed of interacting bio-molecules at different molecular levels. With the advent of high-throughput technologies, omics data at their respective molecular level can be easily obtained. These huge, complex multi-omics data can be useful to provide insights into the flow of information at multiple levels, unraveling the mechanisms underlying the biological condition of interest. Integration of different omics data types is often expected to elucidate potential causative changes that lead to specific phenotypes, or targeted treatments. With the recent advances in network science, we choose to handle this integration issue by representing omics data through networks. In this thesis, we have developed three models, namely BraneExp, BraneNet, and BraneMF, for learning node embeddings from multilayer biological networks generated with omics data. We aim to tackle various challenging problems arising in multi-omics data integration, developing expressive and scalable methods capable of leveraging rich structural semantics of realworld networks