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Fesenko, Ievgen. "2nd International Symposium on Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ) in Copenhagen 02 November 2018 – Copenhagen – Denmark". Journal of Diagnostics and Treatment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 3, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2019): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23999/j.dtomp.2019.1.2.
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2nd International Symposium on Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ) in Copenhagen became a much needed continuation of an amazing initiative of the Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery of Rigshospitalet (Copenhagen University Hospital) [1]. And it would be completely impossible without those famous scientists like Morten Schiodt (Denmark), Sven Otto (Germany), Alberto Bedogni (Italy), Ourania Nicolatou-Galitis (Greece), Stefano Fedele (England), Roman Guggenberger (Switzerland), Bente Brokstad Herlofson (Norway), Camilla Ottesen (Denmark), Sanne Werner Moller Andersen (Denmark), and Thomas Kofod (Denmark) [2]. Dr. Sven Otto (editor) and Dr. Stefano Fedele (coeditor of the chapter) made an enormous contribution in the field of diagnostics and treatment of MRONJ by publishing the textbook Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: Bisphosphonates, Denosumab, and New Agents (Fig 1) in 2015 [3]. And impact of those specialists on Symposium was terrific.
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Calvo Manuel, Ana. "Conservation in the Nineteenth Century". Ge-conservacion 6 (11 de diciembre de 2014): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.37558/gec.v6i0.250.
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Reseña del libro: Conservation in the Nineteenth CenturyArchetype Publications in association with the National museetof Denmark and CATS (Centre for Art Technological Studies andConservation), Copenhagen. London, 2013.232 páginas, 220x300 mm.ISBN: 978-1-904982-91-3.
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LUNDE, A. y A. W. STENPORT. "Helga Crane's Copenhagen: Denmark, Colonialism, and Transnational Identity in Nella Larsen's Quicksand". Comparative Literature 60, n.º 3 (1 de enero de 2008): 228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/-60-3-228.
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Jonkeren, Sam. "Report on the 5th Copenhagen Air Finance Legal Seminar of the European Air Law Association Copenhagen, Denmark, 3 June 2016". Air and Space Law 41, Issue 6 (1 de noviembre de 2016): 545–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2016040.
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Andersen, Gunhild Leth, Sissel Schultz y Claus Christensen. "Pages from the diary of an art department in Denmark". Art Libraries Journal 10, n.º 2 (1985): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200004211.
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The art department of the Gladsaxe Bibliotek, near Copenhagen, is one of several art departments in public libraries, and one of the art libraries created in Denmark as a result of the Public Libraries Act of 1964 and two subsequent reports, in 1967 and 1971, on the provision of audiovisual material under the terms of the new Act. In addition to providing books and journals, these art libraries lend slides, posters, and original prints, and mount exhibitions of works of art by local and other artists. The librarians concerned have formed a subsection of the Danish Library Association, the ‘Faggruppen for kunstbibliotekarer’ (known as ‘Kunstfaggruppen’) and these ‘diary pages’originally appeared, in Danish, in the group’s newsletter Medd. Blade no. 3, 1983, pp 7-9. For further reading, see the Art Libraries Journal vol. 6, no. 3, Winter 1981, pp 3-12.
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Juul, Klaus, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, Rolf Steffensen, Steen Kofoed, Gorm Jensen y Børge Grønne Nordestgaard. "Factor V Leiden: The Copenhagen City Heart Study and 2 meta-analyses". Blood 100, n.º 1 (1 de julio de 2002): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-01-0111.
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Abstract Factor V Leiden (FVL) is associated with venous thrombosis; however, an association between FVL and arterial thrombosis remains controversial. We investigated FVL as a risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke (IS), or non-MI ischemic heart disease (non-MI–IHD). The design was 3 case-control studies and 3 prospective studies with 21 years' follow-up. The setting was the general population in Copenhagen, Denmark. The participants for The Copenhagen City Heart Study were 20- to 95-year-old participants without cardiovascular disease (control population, n = 7907) or participants diagnosed with MI (n = 469), IS (n = 231), or non-MI–IHD (n = 365). In addition, 3 independent patient populations from Copenhagen University Hospital with MI (n = 493), IS (n = 231), or non-MI–IHD (n = 448) were included. We measured FVL genotype; major cardiovascular risk factors; and MI, IS, and non-MI–IHD incidence and prevalence. Prevalences of FVL heterozygotes and homozygotes in control subjects from the general population were 7.7% and 0.2%. Odds ratios and relative risks of MI in FVL carriers (heterozygotes + homozygotes) versus noncarriers were 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-1.69) and 0.83 (0.58-1.20) in case-control and prospective studies, respectively. Corresponding risks for IS were 0.92 (95% CI, 0.56-1.53) and 0.68 (0.45-1.04), and for non-MI–IHD 1.01 (95% CI, 0.71-1.44) and 0.97 (0.66-1.42). Findings from The Copenhagen City Heart Study suggest that FVL is not associated with MI, IS, or non-MI–IHD.
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Björnberg, Alf y Ola Stockfelt. "Kristen Klatvask fra Vejle: Danish pub music, mythscapes and ‘local camp’". Popular Music 15, n.º 2 (mayo de 1996): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143000008084.
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The town of Skagen is situated on the northernmost tip of Jutland (i.e., mainland Denmark). This is a remote and crisis-stricken area by Danish standards: the capital, Copenhagen, is eight hours away by train, the County of Northern Jutland has the highest unemployment rates in Denmark, and in recent years the region has been the target of several development projects financed by European Union funds. However, geographically, Skagen's position is quite central in Scandinavia. Ferry routes connect the nearby port of Frederikshavn (40 kilometres/25 miles away) with such relatively large Scandinavian cities as Oslo (9 hours away by ferry) and Gothenburg (3½ hours away). The town can also be reached from the south of Norway via the ferry route between Kristiansand and Hirtshals (also 40 kilometres/25 miles from Skagen). By these and other routes, tourists from Norway and Sweden, as well as from other parts of Denmark, regularly invade the town, in the summer season roughly doubling its 15,000 population.
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Møbjerg, Nadja, Łukasz Michalczyk, Sandra J. Mcinnes y Maarten J. M. Christenhusz. "Research presented at the 14th International Symposium on Tardigrada: progress in studies on water bears". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188, n.º 3 (marzo de 2020): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa008.
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Abstract The 14th International Symposium on Tardigrada took place in Copenhagen, Denmark from 30 July to 3 August 2018. Approximately 140 participants, representing 28 countries from five continents attended the meeting, and there were 58 talks and 74 posters of which 20 were selected for the Symposium Proceedings published in this special issue. The studies span phylogenomics, systematics, anatomy, morphology, reproductive biology, cryobiology, ecology, diet, microbial interactions and biogeography, taking the next step forward in broadening and deepening our understanding of tardigrade biology.
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FALKENHORST, G., J. BAGDONAITE, M. LISBY, S. B. MADSEN, L. LAMBERTSEN, K. E. P. OLSEN y K. MØLBAK. "Outbreak of group A streptococcal throat infection: don't forget to ask about food". Epidemiology and Infection 136, n.º 9 (16 de noviembre de 2007): 1165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268807009764.
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SUMMARYWe report a large foodborne outbreak due to group A streptococci (GAS), which caused acute tonsillo-pharyngitis in 200–250 patrons of a company canteen in Copenhagen, Denmark, in June 2006. A retrospective cohort study of canteen users showed that consumption of cold pasta was associated with an increased risk of illness (attack rate 68%, risk ratio 4·1,P<0·0001). Indistinguishable GAS strains (emm89, T-type 3/13/B3264) were cultured from three cases and a cook, who had prepared the pasta. To our knowledge, pasta has previously only twice been incriminated as the source of a GAS outbreak. Only six foodborne GAS outbreaks have been reported in Europe since 1970, four of them in Sweden or Denmark. This geographical clustering suggests that foodborne GAS outbreaks are probably under-recognized elsewhere.
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EUSÉBIO, RITA, ALBERTO SENDRA, HENRIK ENGHOFF y ANA SOFIA P. S. REBOLEIRA. "Catalogue of the type material in the entomological collection of the Natural History Museum of Denmark: basal hexapods". Zootaxa 4457, n.º 2 (8 de agosto de 2018): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4457.2.1.
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A catalogue of type specimens of basal hexapods (Collembola, Protura, Diplura, Archaeognatha, Zygentoma) in the collection of the Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen is presented. The NHMD collection harbours type material of 175 species, and it is composed of 132 holotypes, 4 neotypes, 3 syntypes, 32 lectotypes, and 39 paratypes. For Diplura one neotype is newly designated. The order Protura is represented by 5 families, Collembola by 7 families, Diplura by 6 families, Archaeognatha by 1 family and Zygentoma by 2 families.
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Svensmark, Bo, Peter Mortensen, Nemanja Milosevic y Jan Christensen. "The “Gandalf” soil sampling project at a former industrial site in Copenhagen, Denmark: evaluating soil classification reliability". TOS Forum 2022, n.º 11 (27 de mayo de 2022): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/tosf.174.
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Handling and transport of contaminated soil from industrial sites in Denmark requires classification based on concentrations of selected metals and organic contaminants. Reliable soil classification is needed for defensible remedial decision-making. Today’s sampling process in Denmark is based on grab sampling of prescribed standard volumes of soil; 30 tons is typically used as the basic sampling Decision Unit. Soil classification follows a number of varying systems, but classification into five classes (class 0 to class 4) based on analytical results from sub-samples of 50 g is the most common. In this study we investigate the sampling uncertainty obtained by sampling of > 1800 samples at a former industrial site in Copenhagen, Denmark. The aim of the study was to conduct a critical assessment of the current sampling strategy by determination of soil classification errors obtained for duplicate primary samples collected from the same truck- load of soil, but with different distances from the original primary sample. It is also discussed which contaminants are the major parameters responsible for final soil classification designations. The original primary samples for the soil classification were taken at the centre of a 7 × 7 m grid for every 33 cm to a depth of 1 m or 3 m. In addition - for approximately half of the positions - samples were taken at a distance of 1, 2 or 3 m from the original sample. The classifications for the original samples were compared to the classifications for the additional samples in the same Decision Unit (7 × 7 × 0.33 m box) and from duplicate original samples. The results show that at least 50 % of all samples were misclassified, 20 % were mis-classified by two or more classes. This study demonstrates that the risk of misclassification is highest for less mobile parameters, metals and PAHs compared to the volatile organic solvents.
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Chopra, Martin. "Annual Congress of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO): Copenhagen, Denmark; 7–11 October 2016". Targeted Oncology 11, n.º 6 (4 de noviembre de 2016): 705–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11523-016-0464-3.
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Tanveer, Waqas, Angela Ridwan-Pramana, Pedro Molinero-Mourelle y Tymour Forouzanfar. "Applications of CAD/CAM Technology for Craniofacial Implant Placement and Manufacturing of Auricular Prostheses—Systematic Review". Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, n.º 18 (13 de septiembre de 2023): 5950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185950.
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This systematic review was aimed at gathering the clinical and technical applications of CAD/CAM technology for craniofacial implant placement and processing of auricular prostheses based on clinical cases. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, an electronic data search was performed. Human clinical studies utilizing digital planning, designing, and printing systems for craniofacial implant placement and processing of auricular prostheses for prosthetic rehabilitation of auricular defects were included. Following a data search, a total of 36 clinical human studies were included, which were digitally planned and executed through various virtual software to rehabilitate auricular defects. Preoperative data were collected mainly through computed tomography scans (CT scans) (55 cases); meanwhile, the most common laser scanners were the 3dMDface System (3dMD LLC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA) (6 cases) and the 3 Shape scanner (3 Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) (6 cases). The most common digital design software are Mimics Software (Mimics Innovation Suite, Materialize, Leuven, Belgium) (18 cases), Freeform software (Freeform, NC, USA) (13 cases), and 3 Shape software (3 Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) (12 cases). Surgical templates were designed and utilized in 35 cases to place 88 craniofacial implants in auricular defect areas. The most common craniofacial implants were Vistafix craniofacial implants (Entific Medical Systems, Goteborg, Sweden) in 22 cases. A surgical navigation system was used to place 20 craniofacial implants in the mastoid bone. Digital applications of CAD/CAM technology include, but are not limited to, study models, mirrored replicas of intact ears, molds, retentive attachments, customized implants, substructures, and silicone prostheses. The included studies demonstrated a predictable clinical outcome, reduced the patient’s visits, and completed the prosthetic rehabilitation in reasonable time and at reasonable cost. However, equipment costs and trained technical staff were highlighted as possible limitations to the use of CAD/CAM systems.
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Salado-Rasmussen, Kirsten, Maria Wessman, Susan A. Cowan, Jan Gerstoft y Terese Lea Katzenstein. "Syphilitic hepatitis and neurosyphilis: an observational study of Danish HIV-infected individuals during a 13-year period". Sexually Transmitted Infections 95, n.º 6 (28 de marzo de 2019): 416–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2018-053921.
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ObjectiveSyphilis is an STI that potentially affects any organ. Syphilitic hepatitis and neurosyphilis have been reported in both HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate syphilitic hepatitis and neurosyphilis among HIV-infected individuals during a 13-year period.MethodsThis retrospective study included all HIV-infected individuals ≥18 years diagnosed with syphilis between 1 May 2004 and 31 December 2016 in Copenhagen, Denmark. We used the unique 10-digit personal identification number assigned to all individuals in Denmark to link data from two nationwide registers to identify the patients. Patient files were revised to obtain clinical and laboratory data.ResultsA total of 509 episodes of syphilis were diagnosed in 427 HIV-infected individuals attending three hospitals in Copenhagen, Denmark. The majority of the patients were men (99.5%), and the majority of men were men who have sex with men (96%). Twenty-seven patients (6%) met the criteria for neurosyphilis, and the neurological symptoms included ocular and auditory abnormalities, headache, paraesthesia, vertigo, facial paresis, motor weakness and unexplained pain in the legs. The patients with neurosyphilis were diagnosed in the secondary stage (84%) and in the early latent (8%) or late latent (8%) stage. Among the patients tested for liver affection, 41% met the criteria for syphilitic hepatitis. The patients with syphilitic hepatitis were diagnosed in the secondary stage (82%), primary stage (10%), and in the early latent (5%) or late latent (3%) stage.ConclusionsThe study emphasises that patients with syphilis, also those seen at STI clinics, should undergo a thorough clinical examination and questioning to reveal neurological symptoms. Identification of patients with neurosyphilis is crucial since these patients undergo a different treatment. The study also emphasises that syphilis should be considered as a diagnosis in sexually active patients with liver .
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Dahl-Jensen, Trine, Lif Lund Jacobsen, Ann-Sophie Graulund Sølund, Tine B. Larsen y Peter H. Voss. "100 Years of Paper Seismograms from Denmark and Greenland, 1907–2008". Seismological Research Letters 93, n.º 2A (12 de enero de 2022): 1026–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220210311.
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Abstract The paper seismograms from 100 years of observations in Denmark and Greenland has since October 2021 been made available through the Danish National Archives. Five case stories illustrate the quality and variation of the seismograms, and the historical context of operation of the stations. (1) The earliest recorded earthquake in the archive is recorded at GDH station in Greenland, where the 1907 Mw 7.2 earthquake in Tajikistan is recorded on smoked paper. (2) The first Danish earthquake is a local event close to Copenhagen in 1930. (3) We have illustrated the 50 megaton nuclear explosion in Novaya Zemlya in 1961—the largest nuclear test explosion ever. (4) The M 9.2 earthquake in Alaska in 1964 recorded on several instruments at COP. (5) A local earthquake in northeast Greenland recorded both on paper on World-Wide Standard Seismographic Network instruments and digitally on a modern broadband instrument.
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Pedersen, Lars Schreiber. "Dansk arkæologi i hagekorsets skygge 1933-1945". Kuml 54, n.º 54 (20 de octubre de 2005): 145–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kuml.v54i54.97314.
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Danish archaeology in the shadow of the swastika, 1933-1945 With Hitler’s takeover in 1933 and the emergence of the National Socialist regime, Prehistoric archaeology in Germany was strengthened, both on the economical and the scholarly level. Prehistoric archaeologists entered into a Faustian bargain with the new government, and arguing the presence of Germanic peoples outside the borders of the Third Reich, they legitimated the Nazi “Drang nach Osten”. With the Fuhrer’s lack of interest in German prehistory, the fight for control of this field became a matter between two organisations, the Ahnenerbe, which was attached to Heinrich Himmler’s SS, and the competing Reichsbund für Deutsche Vorgeschichte under NSDAP’s chief ideologist, Alfred Rosenberg’s “Amt Rosenberg” (Figs. 1-2). When the Second World War broke out in 1939, Ahnenerbe appeared as winner of the fight over the German prehistory. However, the archaeological power struggles continued in the conquered territories until the end of the war.Immediately after the Nazi takeover in 1933, leading staff members of the Danish National Museum in Copenhagen, such as Mouritz Mackeprang, Poul Nørlund, and Johannes Brøndsted (Figs. 3-4) dissociated themselves from the political development south of the border. However, in the course of time, and in conformity with the official Danish accommodation policy towards Germany in the 1930s, the opposition changed their attitude into a more neutral policy of cultural adjustment towards Nazified German colleagues.The Danish government’s surrender on the 9th of April 1940 meant a continuing German recognition of Denmark as a sovereign state. From the German side, the communication with the Danish government was handled by the German ministry of foreign affairs in Berlin, and by the German legation in Copenhagen. Denmark was the sole occupied country under the domain of the ministry of foreign affairs, and from the beginning of the occupation it became a regular element in the policy of the ministry to prevent other political organs within the Nazi polycracy to gain influence in Denmark. Not until the appointment of SS-Gruppenfuhrer Werner Best (Fig. 5) as the German Reich Plenipotentiary in Denmark in November 1942, the SS and the Ahnenerbe got an opportunity to secure their influence in Denmark. However, due to the chilly attitude in the Danish population towards the German culture propaganda, practiced mainly through the German Scientific Institute in Copenhagen, and the gradual worsening of the political conditions following the resignation of the Danish government on the 29th of August 1943, the Ahnenerbe, led by Wolfram Sievers (Fig. 6), was never firmly established in Denmark. The one result of Ahnenerbe’s influence in Denmark worth mentioning was the effort by the Kiel Archaeologist Karl Kersten (Fig. 7) to prevent German destruction of prehistoric Danish (Germanic) relics. Kersten began his work in 1940 and was met from the start with aversion from the National Museum in Copenhagen, which regarded the activities of the Ahnenerbe-archaeologist as German interference with Danish conditions. Yet, in time the work of the Kiel archaeologist was accepted and recognised by the muse- um, and he was officially recognized by the Danish state when in 1957, Kersten was made Knight of Dannebrog.Less successful than the Ahnenerbe rival was the prominent Nazi archaeologist Hans Reinerth (Fig. 8) and the efforts by Reichsbund für Deutsche Vorgeschichte to gain influence on the Danish scene of culture politics. One of Reinerth’s few successes in occupied Denmark was a short contact with two Danish archaeologists, Gudmund Hatt and Mogens B. Mackeprang (Figs. 9-10). However, the connections with the RfDV-leader do not seem to have been maintained, once the Danish government had ceased to function from the 29th of August 1943.During the occupation, around 300 listed burial mounds and an unknown number of prehistoric relics below ground level were destroyed or damaged due to construction projects carried out by the German occupants (Figs. 11-12). The complaints about the damage put forward by the National Museum were generally met by understanding in the German administration and in the Bauleitung (construction department), whereas the Wehrmacht had a more indifferent approach to the complaints. As opposed to this, the Danish museums managed to get through the war with no damage or German confiscations worth mentioning, thus avoiding the fate of museums, collections, and libraries in countries such as France, Poland, and the Soviet Union.Lars Schreiber PedersenÅrhusTranslated by Annette Lerche Trolle
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RØNN, P. F., T. DALBY, J. SIMONSEN, C. S. JØRGENSEN, A. LINNEBERG y K. A. KROGFELT. "Seroepidemiology of pertussis in a cross-sectional study of an adult general population in Denmark". Epidemiology and Infection 142, n.º 4 (9 de octubre de 2013): 729–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268813002446.
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SUMMARYAn increase in pertussis has been observed in several countries over the last decades, especially in adult populations. The seroprevalence of pertussis was determined in a cross-sectional study of the adult population in the Copenhagen area, Denmark, conducted between 2006 and 2008. Specific IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) were measured in 3440 persons resulting in an age-standardized seroprevalence of 3·0% (95% confidence interval 1·9–4·7) using an IgG anti-PT cut-off of 75 IU/ml. By using antibody decay profiles from longitudinal data the estimated seroincidence was 143/1000 person-years. In contrast, an incidence of 0·03/1000 person-years was estimated from the official data of notified cases during the same period. Of the investigated risk factors, only age and education were significantly associated with pertussis infection. This study indicates that pertussis is highly underestimated in the adult population in Denmark, which has implications for future prevention strategies, including raising the awareness of pertussis.
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Skjøth, C. A., J. Sommer, L. Frederiksen y U. Gosewinkel Karlson. "Crop harvest in Denmark and Central Europe contributes to the local load of airborne <i>Alternaria</i> spore concentrations in Copenhagen". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, n.º 22 (22 de noviembre de 2012): 11107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-11107-2012.
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Abstract. This study examines the hypothesis that Danish agricultural areas are the main source of airborne Alternaria spores in Copenhagen, Denmark. We suggest that the contribution to the overall load is mainly local or regional, but with intermittent long distance transport (LDT) from more remote agricultural areas. This hypothesis is supported by investigating a 10 yr bi-hourly record of Alternaria spores in the air from Copenhagen. This record shows 232 clinically relevant episodes (daily average spore concentration above 100 m−3) with a distinct daily profile. The data analysis also revealed potential LDT episodes almost every year. A source map and analysis of atmospheric transport suggest that LDT always originates from the main agricultural areas in Central Europe. A dedicated emission study in cereal crops under harvest during 2010 also supports our hypothesis. The emission study showed that although the fields had been treated against fungal infections, harvesting still produced large amounts of airborne fungal spores. It is likely that such harvesting periods can cause clinically relevant levels of fungal spores in the atmosphere. Our findings suggest that crop harvest in Central Europe causes episodes of high airborne Alternaria spore concentrations in Copenhagen as well as other urban areas in this region. It is likely that such episodes could be simulated using atmospheric transport models.
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Bülow Pedersen, Inge, Peter Laurberg, Nils Knudsen, Torben Jørgensen, Hans Perrild, Lars Ovesen y Lone Banke Rasmussen. "An Increased Incidence of Overt Hypothyroidism after Iodine Fortification of Salt in Denmark: A Prospective Population Study". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 92, n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 2007): 3122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-0732.
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Abstract Context: Iodine fortification (IF) of salt was introduced in Denmark in 1998. Little is known about the effect of a minor increase in iodine intake on the incidence of hypothyroidism. We prospectively identified all new cases of overt hypothyroidism in two areas of Denmark before and for the first 7 yr after IF had been introduced. Methods: A computer-based register was used to identify continuously all new cases of overt hypothyroidism in two subcohorts with previous moderate and mild iodine deficiency (ID), respectively (Aalborg, n = 310,124, urinary iodine = 45 μg/liter; and Copenhagen, n = 225,707, urinary iodine = 61 μg/liter). Data were obtained 1) before IF (1997–1998), 2) during voluntary IF (1999–2000), 3) during early (2001–2002) and 4) during late (2003–2005) period with mandatory IF. Results: The overall incidence rate of hypothyroidism increased during the study period: baseline, 38.3/100,000·yr; voluntary IF, 43.7 (not significant vs. baseline); early mandatory IF, 48.7 [vs. baseline, rate ratio (RR) = 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10–1.47]; and late mandatory IF, 47.2 (vs. baseline, RR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.07–1.42). There was a geographic difference because hypothyroidism increased only in the area with previous moderate ID: Aalborg, late mandatory IF vs. baseline, 40.3/29.7 (RR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.11–1.66); Copenhagen, 56.7/51.6 (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 0.90–1.34). The increase occurred in young and middle-aged adults. Conclusion: Even a cautious iodization of salt was accompanied by a moderate increase in the incidence rate of overt hypothyroidism. This occurred primarily in young and middle-aged subjects with previous moderate ID.
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Boas, Malene, Kirsten A. Boisen, Helena E. Virtanen, Marko Kaleva, Anne-Maarit Suomi, Ida M. Schmidt, Ida N. Damgaard et al. "Postnatal penile length and growth rate correlate to serum testosterone levels: a longitudinal study of 1962 normal boys". European Journal of Endocrinology 154, n.º 1 (enero de 2006): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.1.02066.
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Objective: Infant boys show a brief activation of their hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis shortly after birth, the physiological significance of which is poorly understood. The objective of the study was to investigate the correlation between endogenous testosterone levels and penile size and growth. Design: Prospective, longitudinal population-based study taking place at two large primary obstetric centres at the University Hospitals of Copenhagen, Denmark, and Turku, Finland. Methods: Infant boys, 728 Danish and 1234 Finnish, underwent clinical examinations at 0, 3, 18 and 36 months in Denmark and at 0, 3 and 18 months in Finland with blood samples taken at 3 months (n = 630). Penile length and growth were registered and reproductive hormones (testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, oestradiol) were analysed. Results: Penile length increased from birth (3.49±0.4 cm) to 3 years of age (4.53±0.51 cm) with the highest growth velocity from birth to 3 months (1.0 mm/month). Penile length and growth were significantly, positively correlated to serum testosterone (r = 0.31 and 0.076, P = 0.006 and 0.001 respectively) and to free testosterone index (r = 0.385 and 0.094, P = 0.0001 and 0.0001 respectively). Conclusions: We found that endogenous testosterone was significantly associated with penile size and growth rate in infant boys. Thus, the postnatal surge in reproductive hormones appears to be important for genital growth. Our data may serve as an updated reference for normal penile length in Caucasian boys up to 3 years of age.
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ETHELBERG, S., M. LISBY, L. S. VESTERGAARD, H. L. ENEMARK, K. E. P. OLSEN, C. R. STENSVOLD, H. V. NIELSEN, L. J. PORSBO, A. M. PLESNER y K. MØLBAK. "A foodborne outbreak ofCryptosporidium hominisinfection". Epidemiology and Infection 137, n.º 3 (9 de enero de 2009): 348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268808001817.
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SUMMARYFoodborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis are uncommon. In Denmark human cases are generally infrequently diagnosed. In 2005 an outbreak of diarrhoea affected company employees near Copenhagen. In all 99 employees were reported ill; 13 were positive forCryptosporidium hominisinfection. Two analytical epidemiological studies were performed; an initial case-control study followed by a cohort study using an electronic questionnaire. Disease was associated with eating from the canteen salad bar on one, possibly two, specific weekdays [relative risk 4·1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2·1–8·3]. Three separate salad bar ingredients were found to be likely sources: peeled whole carrots served in a bowl of water, grated carrots, and red peppers (in multivariate analysis, whole carrots: OR 2·1, 95% CI 1·1–4·0; grated carrots: OR 2·1, 95% CI 1·2–3·9; peppers: OR 3·3, 95% CI 1·7–6·6). We speculate that a person excreting the parasite may have contaminated the salad buffet.
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Andersson, Anna-Maria, Hans Ørskov, Michael B. Ranke, Steve Shalet y Niels E. Skakkebæk. "Interpretation of growth hormone provocative tests: comparison of cut-off values in four European laboratories". European Journal of Endocrinology 132, n.º 3 (marzo de 1995): 340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1320340.
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Andersson A-M, Ørskov H, Ranke MB, Shalet B, Skakkebæk NE. Interpretation of growth hormone provocative tests: comparison of cut-off values in four European laboratories. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:340–3. ISSN 0804–4643 To compare interpretations of growth hormone (GH) provocative tests in laboratories using six different GH immunoassays (one enzymeimmunometric assay (EIMA, assay 1), one immunoradiometric assay (IRMA, assay 5), one time-resolved fluorimmunometric assay (TRFIA, assay 3) and three radioimmunoassays (RIAs, assays 2, 4 and 6)), aliquots of peak samples from GH provocative tests were distributed between the four participating laboratories, quantified in the respective immunoassays and interpreted according to the cut-off values for provocative tests defined for each assay method. There was a high degree of relative correlation between the different assays, but absolute GH estimates differed. Assays 2, 4, 5 and 6 yielded almost identical GH levels. Assays 1 and 3 yielded serum GH levels approximately 39% and 70%, respectively, of those of assays 2, 4, 5 and 6. Although the absolute GH level measured in the various assay methods varied, there was good agreement between the interpretation of a given sample among the participating laboratories. This indicates that the differences in estimates of serum GH concentration by different immunoassay systems can be compensated for when cut-off values are defined for each method. Anna-Maria Andersson, Dept. of Growth and Reproduction, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Ward GR5064, 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Phudphong, Pitchapa, Pokpong Amornvit y Nattapong Sirintawat. "Comparison of Accuracy of Alginate Impression and Intraoral Scanner in Model with and without Orthodontic Brackets". Applied Sciences 11, n.º 13 (29 de junio de 2021): 6037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136037.
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Surgical splints are widely used in orthognathic surgery. The fitting of a surgical splint affects the success of the surgery. Stereolithography (STL), the method used to achieve accurate and reliable input files, is important for the manufacturing process of the surgical splint. Nowadays, data acquisition can be performed with the aid of an intraoral scanner (IOS) or impression materials. This in vitro study aimed to compare the trueness and precision of IOS (TRIOS3®, 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) and alginate impression (Kromopan®, Lascod, Florence, Italy) in a full-arch dental model with/without orthodontic brackets. Custom complete arch models were fabricated with a refractive index similar to that of tooth structure. A TRIOS3® intraoral scanner (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) and an alginate impression were used to duplicate the custom model without orthodontic brackets for complete arch scenarios (both upper and lower arches), n = 5. Subsequently, orthodontic brackets (Ormco®, Glendora, CA, USA) were attached to the custom model and the TRIOS® intraoral scanner and alginate impression were used again. Analysis was performed using 3-dimensional (3D) metrology software (GOM inspect®, GOM GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany) to measure surface deviations between the STL files from the custom model to evaluate and compare their trueness and precision. All data were entered into Microsoft Excel and then transferred to SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The average surface deviations were compared between the TRIOS3® intraoral scanner and the alginate impression using a repeated measures ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with adjustment for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni’s correction. There were no significant differences in trueness and precision between TRIOS3® and alginate impression in full arch models with and without orthodontic brackets. Moreover, the accuracy of all groups was less than 100 microns, which was acceptable. Further in vivo studies are required to confirm these results.
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Bühler, Oliver, Palle Kristoffersen y Søren Larsen. "Growth of Street Trees in Copenhagen With Emphasis on the Effect of Different Establishment Concepts". Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 33, n.º 5 (1 de septiembre de 2007): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2007.038.
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Limited rooting space is considered a major problem for growth of street trees. Different approaches to extend the soil volume accessible to roots have been implemented in Copenhagen, Denmark, during the last 15 years. The presented survey investigates growth and vitality of trees planted in 1) structural, load-bearing soil; 2) sand-based load-bearing soil; and 3) so-called super planting pits and trees planted in conventional planting pits. The trees were either street trees or situated on paved squares. The results provide evidence that vitality of recently established street trees in Copenhagen generally is on an acceptable level. Furthermore, tree growth in both of the load-bearing materials allowing for root growth was found to be comparable to tree growth in conventional planting pits, and those methods are therefore considered applicable at sites where conventional pits cannot be established. However, tree growth in super planting pits was superior to any of the other methods both in regard to growth rates and vitality. This method is therefore recommended wherever space for large planting pits with open surfaces can be made available. Growth of trees planted in conventional pits varied considerably, reflecting the broad range of different conditions the term “conventional planting” pit covers.
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Mucic, D. "Transcultural telepsychiatry and its impact on patient satisfaction". European Psychiatry 26, S2 (marzo de 2011): 2227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73929-3.
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IntroductionNational and International telepsychiatry service was established between Denmark and Sweden in order to increase access to cross-cultural expertise. Patient acceptability study was conducted to assess the patients’ attitudes toward the quality, advantages and disadvantages of telepsychiatry service.MethodsOver a period January 2005-December 2007, 61 patients were treated via telepsychiatry by clinicians that speak patientsrespective mother tongues. Video-conferencing equipment connected the Little Prince Psychiatric Centre in Copenhagen with two hospitals, one asylum seekers’ centre and one social institution in Denmark. These stations were also connected to the Swedish department of the Centre. Number of languages spoken was 9 while the number of nationalities treated was 11. No interpreter assistance has been used.After the end of the telepsychiatry contact all patients were asked to complete a satisfaction questionnaire.ResultsPatients reported a high level of acceptance and satisfaction with telepsychiatry. They expressed a wish to use telepsychiatry via their mother tongue, rather than interpreter-assisted mental health care in the future.DiscussionThe restricted physical contact and non-verbal communication of telepsychiatry was compensated by the fact that the doctor and patient spoke the same language and had similar cultural and/or national references. The results of the survey may contribute to further development of, primarily, European Telepsychiatry Network. However, this model may be used for conducting of larger international telepsychiatry service capable to provide mental health care toward diversity of patient populations underserved on their mother tongue worldwide.
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Voldstedlund, Marianne, Jørgen Tranum-Jensen, Aase Handberg y Jørgen Vinten. "Quantity of Na/K-ATPase and glucose transporters in the plasma membrane of rat adipocytes is reduced by in vivo triiodothyronine". European Journal of Endocrinology 133, n.º 5 (noviembre de 1995): 626–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1330626.
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Voldstedlund M. Tranum-Jensen J, Handberg A, Vinten J. Quantity of Na/K-ATPase and glucose transporters in the plasma membrane of rat adipocytes is reduced by in vivo triiodothyronine. Eur J Endocrinol 1995:133:626–34. ISSN 0804–4643 The expression of sodium-potassium pumps and glucose transporters in pure adipocyte plasma membranes from a hyperthyroid animal model was studied. Hyperthyroidism was induced by enteral administration of five doses of 90 μg of triiodothyronine every second day to 8-week-old rats. Following isolation of epididymal adipocytes, 3-O-methylglucose transport was measured and the number of Na/K-ATPase-(α1- and α2-isoforms) and glucose transporter (GLUT1 and GLUT4) molecules in sheets of adipocyte plasma membrane were determined by quantitative immunoelectron microscopy, using gold labelling. Maximal in vitro insulin stimulation of adipocytes increased the glucose transport rate and the amount of GLUT4 in the plasma membrane 15-fold, whereas the amount of α2 was unaffected, In adipocytes from hyperthyroid rats, mean adipocyte volume was decreased by 18% and the quantities of GLUT4 per unit area of plasma membrane (maximal insulin stimulation) and of α2 were decreased by 19% and 15% respectively. Thus, hypotrophia of fat tissue in the hyperthyroid state is associated with a decreased expression in the plasma membrane of the glucose transporter GLUT4 and the α2 -isoform of Na/K-ATPase. Marianne Voldstedlund, Department of Medical Physiology, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Høgh, Stinne, Hanne Kristine Hegaard, Kristina Martha Renault, Eleonora Cvetanovska, Anette Kjærbye-Thygesen, Anders Juul, Camilla Borgsted et al. "Short-term oestrogen as a strategy to prevent postpartum depression in high-risk women: protocol for the double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled MAMA clinical trial". BMJ Open 11, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2021): e052922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052922.
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IntroductionPostpartum depression affects 10%–15% of women and has a recurrence rate of 40% in subsequent pregnancies. Women who develop postpartum depression are suspected to be more sensitive to the rapid and large fluctuations in sex steroid hormones, particularly estradiol, during pregnancy and postpartum. This trial aims to evaluate the preventive effect of 3 weeks transdermal estradiol treatment immediately postpartum on depressive episodes in women at high risk for developing postpartum depression.Methods and analysisThe Maternal Mental Health Trial is a double-blind, randomised and placebo-controlled clinical trial. The trial involves three departments of obstetrics organised under Copenhagen University Hospital in Denmark. Women who are singleton pregnant with a history of perinatal depression are eligible to participate. Participants will be randomised to receive either transdermal estradiol patches (200 µg/day) or placebo patches for 3 weeks immediately postpartum. The primary outcome is clinical depression, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V criteria of Major Depressive Disorder with onset at any time between 0 and 6 months postpartum. Secondary outcomes include, but are not limited to, symptoms of depression postpartum, exclusive breastfeeding, cortisol dynamics, maternal distress sensitivity and cognitive function. The primary statistical analysis will be performed based on the intention-to-treat principle. With the inclusion of 220 participants and a 20% expected dropout rate, we anticipate 80% power to detect a 50% reduction in postpartum depressive episodes while controlling the type 1 error at 5%.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol is approved by the Regional Committees on Health Research Ethics in the Capital Region of Denmark, the Danish Medicines Agency and the Centre for Data Protection Compliance in the Capital Region of Denmark. We will present results at scientific meetings and in peer-reviewed journals and in other formats to engage policymakers and the public.Trial registration numberNCT04685148.
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Wenstrup, Jonathan, Stig N. Blomberg, Hanne Christensen, Fredrik Folke, Helle C. Christensen y Christina Kruuse. "Dispatcher Stroke/TIA Recognition in Emergency Medical Call Center and Out-of-Hours Service Calls in Copenhagen, Denmark". Neurology: Clinical Practice 13, n.º 6 (16 de octubre de 2023): e200197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/cpj.0000000000200197.
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Background and ObjectivesRecognition of stroke/TIA symptoms by emergency medical services (EMS) is instrumental in providing timely recanalization treatments. We assessed the recognition of stroke/TIA by EMS via the emergency medical call center (EMCC) dispatchers and out-of-hours health service (OOHS) dispatchers.MethodsIn a registry study, based on 2015–2020 data from the Copenhagen EMS, we calculated sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) of dispatcher suspicion of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and compared against discharge diagnosis.ResultsWe included 462,029 contacts to EMCC and 2,573,865 contacts to OOHS. In total, 19,798 contacts had a stroke or TIA diagnosis at hospital discharge. Sensitivity was 0.64 for EMCC dispatchers and 0.25 for OOHS. PPV was 0.28 for EMCC and 0.22 for OOHS; specificity was 0.96 for EMCC and >0.99 for OOHS, and NPV was 0.99 for EMCC and >0.99 for OOHS. Sensitivity improved over the period of the study from 0.62 to 0.68 for EMCC and from 0.20 to 0.25 for OOHS. PPV did not change over the period for EMCC and decreased from 0.26 to 0.19 for OOHS. Both EMCC and OOHS more frequently overlooked stroke in women, in patients calling more than 3 hours after symptom onset, and for more severe strokes. For OHHS, advanced age correlated with lower recognition.DiscussionAs the first study reporting on OOHS setting dispatcher stroke/TIA recognition, we find a need for the improvement of stroke/TIA recognition both in EMCC and in OOHS. Solutions may include specific training of dispatchers, public awareness campaigns, and new technological solutions.
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Pronyakina, E. D. "“The Wrong Migration:” The Problem of Managing Migration Flows in the Nordic Countries Politics". Journal of International Analytics 14, n.º 3 (9 de diciembre de 2023): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-3-58-73.
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In the modern world, migration crises are likely to become commonplace. Denmark, Norway and Sweden are countries that attract migrants from both European and non-European countries. Today they face the diffi cult task of developing a common migration policy, which is hindered by a number of reasons: economic, ideological and political. The article attempts to assess the prospects for cooperation between the Scandinavian countries on migration issues in the near future. Based on the provisions of the Copenhagen School of Security, the author examines mass migration through the prism of the risks it poses to the culturally homogeneous societies of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, to the unique Scandinavian model of the welfare state and to Nordic Co-operation. Comparing the Nordic countries’ approaches to migration management, the author concludes that they are united by the excessive involvement of the state in the processes of adaptation and integration of migrants. Despite the fact that the migration policies of the three countries have undergone signifi cant changes since 2016, the emphasis is still on the management of quantitative indicators (through the issuance of residence permits or deportation) rather than on the creation of social partnerships between migrants and natives. In Danish, Norwegian and even Swedish society, the idea of the need to promote “right” (European) immigration and limit “wrong” (foreign cultural) immigration prevails. There is a situation in which the main integration eff orts are directed at those groups of immigrants who are already suffi ciently integrated. Non-European migrants, regardless of their professional qualifi cations or personal qualities, are still perceived as a threat to Nordic identity.
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Main, Katharina M., Jorma Toppari, Anne-Maarit Suomi, Marko Kaleva, Marla Chellakooty, Ida M. Schmidt, Helena E. Virtanen et al. "Larger Testes and Higher Inhibin B Levels in Finnish than in Danish Newborn Boys". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 91, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 2006): 2732–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-2443.
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Abstract Context: Recent studies showed that male reproductive health problems, such as cryptorchidism, hypospadias, testicular cancer, and low sperm quality, are more prevalent in Denmark than in Finland. Objectives: We hypothesized that, if fetal testicular dysgenesis contributed to these observations, differences in gonadal development and the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis would already be detectable perinatally. Thus, we investigated healthy newborn boys in both countries. Design: This was a prospective, longitudinal population-based study. Setting: Two primary obstetric centers were included at the University Hospitals of Copenhagen, Denmark, and Turku, Finland. Participants: The participants of the study included 633 Danish and 1044 Finnish boys, born at term with appropriate weight for gestational age. Interventions: Ultrasound determination of testis size at 0, 3, and 18 months and blood sampling (n = 727) at 3 months were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures: Testicular volume and reproductive hormones were measured. Results: Testis volume was significantly higher at all ages in Finnish than in Danish boys (medians, 98 vs. 95, 185 vs. 119, and 188 vs. 136 mm3, respectively; P < 0.00001). Testis growth from birth to 3 months was larger in Finnish than in Danish boys (mean, 75 vs. 26 mm3; P < 0.0001). Serum hormone levels were higher in Finnish than Danish boys for inhibin B (median, 456 vs. 385 pg/ml; P < 0.0001), FSH (1.33 vs. 1.21 IU/liter; P < 0.036), and SHBG (143 vs. 136 nmol/liter; P < 0.022). Inhibin B was significantly positively correlated to testicular volume (r = 0.25; P < 0.006). Conclusions: The larger testes and higher inhibin B levels most likely represent a bigger volume of seminiferous tubules in Finnish compared with Danish boys. Although this phenomenon may be attributable to a genetic difference between the two countries, it may also reflect environmental factors influencing testicular development.
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Podlekareva, Daria N., Dorte Bek Folkvardsen, Alena Skrahina, Anna Vassilenko, Aliaksandr Skrahin, Henadz Hurevich, Dzmitry Klimuk et al. "Tuberculosis Drug Susceptibility, Treatment, and Outcomes for Belarusian HIV-Positive Patients with Tuberculosis: Results from a National and International Laboratory". Tuberculosis Research and Treatment 2021 (2 de abril de 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6646239.
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Background. To cure drug-resistant (DR) tuberculosis (TB), the antituberculous treatment should be guided by Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-susceptibility testing (DST). In this study, we compared conventional DST performed in Minsk, Belarus, a TB DR high-burden country, with extensive geno- and phenotypic analyses performed at the WHO TB Supranational Reference Laboratory in Copenhagen, Denmark, for TB/HIV coinfected patients. Subsequently, DST results were related to treatment regimen and outcome. Methods. Thirty TB/HIV coinfected patients from Minsk were included and descriptive statistics applied. Results. Based on results from Minsk, 10 (33%) TB/HIV patients had drug-sensitive TB. Two (7%) had isoniazid monoresistant TB, 8 (27%) had multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB, 5 (17%) preextensive drug-resistant (preXDR) TB, and 5 (17%) had extensive drug-resistant (XDR) TB. For the first-line drugs rifampicin and isoniazid, there was DST agreement between Minsk and Copenhagen for 90% patients. For the second-line anti-TB drugs, discrepancies were more pronounced. For 14 (47%) patients, there were disagreements for at least one drug, and 4 (13%) patients were classified as having MDR-TB in Minsk but were classified as having preXDR-TB based on DST results in Copenhagen. Initially, all patients received standard anti-TB treatment with rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. However, this was only suitable for 40% of the patients based on DST. On average, DR-TB patients were changed to 4 (IQR 3-5) active drugs after 1.5 months (IQR 1-2). After treatment adjustment, the treatment duration was 8 months (IQR 2-11). Four (22%) patients with DR-TB received treatment for >18 months. In total, sixteen (53%) patients died during 24 months of follow-up. Conclusions. We found high concordance for rifampicin and isoniazid DST between the Minsk and Copenhagen laboratories, whereas discrepancies for second-line drugs were more pronounced. For patients with DR-TB, treatment was often insufficient and relevant adjustments delayed. This example from Minsk, Belarus, underlines two crucial points in the management of DR-TB: the urgent need for implementation of rapid molecular DSTs and availability of second-line drugs in all DR-TB high-burden settings. Carefully designed individualized treatment regimens in accordance with DST patterns will likely improve patients’ outcome and reduce transmission with drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains.
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Frederiksen, J., K. Kristensen, JMC Bahl y M. Christiansen. "Tau protein: a possible prognostic factor in optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis". Multiple Sclerosis Journal 18, n.º 5 (3 de octubre de 2011): 592–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458511424588.
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Background: Tau protein has been proposed as biomarker of axonal damage leading to irreversible neurological impairment in MS. CSF concentrations may be useful when determining risk of progression from ON to MS. Objective: To investigate the association between tau protein concentration and 14-3-3 protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with monosymptomatic optic neuritis (ON) versus patients with monosymptomatic onset who progressed to multiple sclerosis (MS). To evaluate results against data found in a complete literature review. Methods: A total of 66 patients with MS and/or ON from the Department of Neurology of Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, were included. CSF samples were analysed for tau protein and 14-3-3 protein, and clinical and paraclinical information was obtained from medical records. Results: The study shows a significantly increased concentration of tau protein in CSF from patients with relapsing–remitting MS and patients monosymptomatic at onset who progressed to MS, but interestingly no increased tau protein concentration in monosymptomatic ON. The concentration of tau protein was significantly correlated to Expanded Disability Status Scale score. No 14-3-3 protein was detected in any CSF sample. Conclusions: The results of this study invite further exploration of the possible role of tau protein as a prognostic factor to predict progression from ON to MS in future studies.
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Attauabi, M., G. R. Madsen, A. V. Wewer, F. Bendtsen, C. Jakobsen, M. Dorn-Rasmussen, M. Malham et al. "DOP19 Incidence and initial disease presentation of inflammatory bowel diseases in Denmark: findings from a Copenhagen IBD Inception Cohort Study (IBD Prognosis Study)". Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (30 de enero de 2023): i82—i85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0059.
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Abstract Background The increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD), and unclassified IBD (IBD-U), in Denmark requires close surveillance. Therefore, we aimed to investigate their current incidence and initial disease presentation in a population-based inception cohort. Methods IBD Prognosis Study is an ongoing prospective population-based inception cohort of patients diagnosed with UC, CD, or IBD-U between May 1st, 2021, and May 1st, 2023, according to the Copenhagen IBD Criteria within the well-defined geographical uptake area of Hvidovre University Hospital and Herlev University Hospital. This area has a catchment population of 1,050,000, corresponding to ~20% of the Danish population. The incidence rate is defined as the number of new cases between May 1st, 2021, and October 31st, 2022, divided by the total number of 100,000 inhabitants covered in included sites per year during the same period. For the incidence calculations, pediatric-onset of IBD was defined as age < 19 years at diagnosis. However, for the clinical description, for the clinical presentation, the cut-off was <18 years. Results As of October 31, 2022, a total of 219, 134, and 24 patients with adult-onset UC, CD, and unclassified IBD (IBD-U), respectively, has been included, corresponding to incidence rates of 13.9, 8.5, and 1.5 per 100,000 adults per year. Further, 11, 16, and two patients with pediatric-onset UC, CD, and IBD-U were included, corresponding to 3.6, 6.3, and 0.7 per 100,000 pediatric cases per year. Demographics and initial disease presentation are presented in Tables 1-2, initial disease burden and treatment patterns in Tables 3-4. Conclusion: The preliminary data from the ongoing prospective population-based cohort, IBD Prognosis Study, indicate that the incidence rates of adult-onset IBD appear stabilized, while that of pediatric-onset CD is increasing, when compared with data from before 2010.1,2 The study is ongoing and includes extensive and continuous examinations, including endoscopy, intestinal ultrasound investigations, magnetic resonance imaging of the small intestine and biliary and pancreatic ducts, patient-reported measures, and biobanking. As such, the cohort is expected to deliver essential knowledge on the mechanisms for the unpredictable course of IBD.3 References: 1. Vind I et al. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006; doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00552.x 2. Jakobsen C et al. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2011; doi:10.1002/ibd.21654 3. Attauabi M et al. BMJ Open. 2022; doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055779
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Rasmussen, Lone B., Allan Carlé, Torben Jørgensen, Pia Knuthsen, Anne Krejbjerg, Hans Perrild, Lena Bjergved, Jens J. Sloth, Peter Laurberg y Lars Ovesen. "Iodine excretion has decreased in Denmark between 2004 and 2010 – the importance of iodine content in milk". British Journal of Nutrition 112, n.º 12 (30 de octubre de 2014): 1993–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514003225.
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Fortification with the essential trace element iodine is widespread worldwide. In the present study, results on iodine excretion and intake of iodine-rich foods from a cross-sectional study carried out in 2004–5, 4 to 5 years after the implementation of mandatory iodine fortification, were compared with data in a study carried out in 2008–10. The 2008–10 study was a follow-up of a cross-sectional study carried out before iodine fortification was implemented. Participants in the cross-sectional studies were randomly selected. Both studies were carried out in the cities of Aalborg and Copenhagen in Denmark. The median urinary iodine concentration decreased in women from 97 μg/l (n 2862) to 78 μg/l (n 2041) (P< 0·001). The decrease persisted after adjustment for age, city and education, and if expressed as estimated 24 h iodine excretion. The prevalence of users of iodine containing dietary supplements increased from 29·4 to 37·3 % (P< 0·001). The total fluid intake increased in women (P< 0·001), but the intake of other iodine-rich foods did not change. The median urinary iodine concentration did not change in men (114 μg/l (n 708) and 107 μg/l (n 424), respectively), while the total fluid intake decreased (P= 0·001). Iodine content was measured in milk sampled in 2000–1 and in 2013. The iodine content was lower in 2013 (12 (sd 3) μg/100 g) compared with that in 2000–1 (16 (sd 6) μg/100 g) (P< 0·001). In conclusion, iodine excretion in women has decreased below the recommended level. The reason might probably, at least partly, be a decreased content of iodine in milk.
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Steponavičiūtė Aleksiejūnienė, Ieva, Loreta Vaicekauskienė y Rūta Zukienė. "Memory Culture in Scandinavian Studies: Abstract Book and Program of the 33d Study Conference of the International Association for Scandinavian Studies (IASS), Vilnius, August 3-6, 2021". Vilnius University Proceedings 19 (6 de agosto de 2021): 1–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/vuproceedings.2021.9.
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The history of IASS goes back to Cambridge 1956 and counts 32 study conferences. The latest five of these were hosted by the Universities of Lund (Sweden, 2010), Riga and Daugavpils (Latvia, 2012), the University of Agder in Kristiansand (Norway, 2014), the Universities of Groningen (The Netherlands, 2016) and Copenhagen (Denmark, 2018). The Centre of Scandinavian Studies at Vilnius University was proud of being entrusted with hosting the 33rd conference of IASS and we were thrilled to anticipate everyone coming to Vilnius in summer 2020. However, it became the first time when the conference would basically be held on the World Wide Web − as the world was hit by a global disaster – the Covid19 pandemic. For the same reason, and again for the first time in the history of IASS, the conference was put on hold and from now on it will probably always be held in odd years, the next conference being already scheduled for 2023. However, despite the fact that the conference of 2021, due to these reasons, was somewhat unusual in its format it was lacking neither in academic quality, nor in the joy of interaction with old and new colleagues that IASS conferences have always been famous and popular for.
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Ariyakriangkai, Watcharaphong, Sorawee Mahasup, Piyanart Chatiketu y Sumana Jittidecharaks. "Comparison of Patients' Satisfaction Between 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional Digital Smile Simulation". Chiang Mai Dental Journal 44, n.º 1 (26 de enero de 2023): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12982/cmdentj.2023.003.
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Objectives: To compare 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) smile simulation techniques from the perspective of patient preferences in comfort during data collection and the simulation outcome. Methods: Twenty subjects (10 males and 10 females) with no experience with smile simulation participated in this study. Data collection was performed by using a DSLR camera (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) for dentofacial photography, an intraoral scanner (3-Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) for an oral scanning file, and a tablet device (iPad, Apple, CA, USA) for smile video recording. The subjects’ perceptions of comfort towards each data collection process were evaluated using a standardized questionnaire. A week later, both 2D and 3D smile simulation outcomes were presented to participants, and subjects’ preferences toward the simulation outcomes were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed with Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and the one-sample chi-square test. Results: A statistical implication presented the significant difference between 2D and 3D subjects' satisfaction in terms of time consumption for data gathering. The results showed that 90% of subjects were satisfied with 2D simulation rather than 3D simulation due to time (p=0.002). For satisfaction of the simulation outcome, there was a significant difference in the statistical implication (p<0.05). Even though preference and recommendation were significantly different factors, the subjects' overall satisfaction levels were not significantly different (p=0.74). Conclusions: Although the satisfaction of recruited individuals in the 2D simulation was higher than that in the 3D simulation during the data collection process, there was no difference in patients' preferences between the 2D and 3D outcomes.
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Maeng, Jiyoun, Young-Jun Lim, Bongju Kim, Myung-Joo Kim y Ho-Beom Kwon. "A New Approach to Accuracy Evaluation of Single-Tooth Abutment Using Two-Dimensional Analysis in Two Intraoral Scanners". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, n.º 6 (20 de marzo de 2019): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061021.
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The aim of this study was to two-dimensionally evaluate deviation errors at five digital cross-sections of single-tooth abutment in regards to data obtained from two intraoral scanners, and to evaluate accuracy of individual scanners. Two intraoral scanners, the Trios 3® (3 Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) and EzScan® (Vatech, Hwaseong, Korea), were evaluated by utilizing 13 stone models. The superimposed 3D data files were sectioned into five different planes: buccal-lingual section (BL), mesial-distal section (MD), transverse high section (TH), transverse middle section (TM), and transverse low section (TL). Accuracy comparison between the two scanners in 5 groups was performed. BL vs. MD of each scanner, and three transverse groups (TH, TM, TL) of each scanner were analyzed for accuracy comparison. In comparison of 2-D analyses for two intraoral scanners, Trios 3® showed statistically significant higher accuracy in root mean square (RMS) at BL, TH, and TL (p < 0.05). For each scanner, RMS value showed that mesial-distal sections were more prone to error than buccal-lingual section, which exhibited statistically significant errors (p < 0.05) while the transverse groups did not. Two-dimensional analysis is more insightful than three-dimensional analysis on single-tooth abutment. In mesiodistal areas, rough prepped areas, and sharp edges where scanner accessibility is difficult, high deviation errors are shown.
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Hansen, Nikita Misella, Marianne Rix, Anne-Lise Kamper, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen, Christina Christoffersen, Arne Astrup y Louise Salomo. "Study protocol: long-term effect of the New Nordic Renal Diet on phosphorus and lipid homeostasis in patients with chronic kidney disease, stages 3 and 4: a randomised controlled trial". BMJ Open 11, n.º 8 (agosto de 2021): e045754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045754.
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IntroductionChronic kidney disease (CKD) causes severe disturbances in phosphate metabolism. New Nordic Renal Diet (NNRD) is a new dietary concept designed by the present research group that aims to offer patients with moderate CKD a whole food approach with a markedly reduction in dietary phosphorus intake, corresponding to 850 mg/day. The present protocol describes a randomised controlled trial aiming to test the long-term effects of dietary intervention with NNRD versus a non-restricted habitual diet on important parameters of phosphorus and lipid homeostasis.Methods and analysisThis trial will be executed at the Department of Nephrology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Sixty patients aged >18 years with CKD stages 3 and 4 (estimated glomerular filtration rate between 15 and 45 mL/min) will be recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The other inclusion criterion includes a medically stable condition for at least 2 months prior to the start of the study. Exclusion criteria are treatment with phosphate binders, metabolic disorders that require specific dietary regulation, pregnancy and breast feeding, any types of food allergies or those who are vegans. The observation period is 26 weeks including seven study visits at the outpatient clinic combined with a weekly telephone consultation in both groups. A follow-up visit 3 months after study completion finalises the intervention. The primary outcome is the difference in the change in 24-hour urine phosphorus excretion from baseline to week 26 between the two study groups. Secondary outcomes include changes in phosphate-related and lipid metabolism-related blood and urine biochemistry, blood pressure and body composition. Moreover, we wish to explore adherence to the diet as well as quality of life.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Scientific Ethical Committee of the Capital Region of Denmark and the Danish Data Protection Agency. The results of the studies will be presented at national and international scientific meetings, and publications will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov (wwwclinicaltrialsgov) Registry (NCT04579315).Protocol versionThe protocol, version 2, has been approved by the Ethical Committee Denmark on 18 September 2020. The protocol has also been approved by Data Protection Regulation and Data Protection Law on 15 September 2020. This study protocol is in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for International Trials.
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Svartstein, Anne-Sophie Winther, Andreas Dehlbæk Knudsen, Safura-Luise Heidari, Line Dam Heftdal, Marco Gelpi, Thomas Benfield y Susanne Dam Nielsen. "Mpox Incidence and Vaccine Uptake in Men Who Have Sex with Men and Are Living with HIV in Denmark". Vaccines 11, n.º 7 (27 de junio de 2023): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071167.
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(1) Background: Here, we investigate the incidence of mpox and factors associated with vaccine uptake in mainly well-treated men who have sex with men and are living with HIV (MSMWH). (2) Methods: This study included 727 MSMWH from the Copenhagen co-morbidity in HIV infection (COCOMO) study from 1 May to 31 October 2022. Mpox infection and vaccination status were obtained from the Danish Microbiology Database and The Danish Vaccination Register. Vaccination willingness was assessed through an online survey. (3) Results: At a median follow-up of 180 days, 13 (1.8%) participants had laboratory-confirmed mpox infections. Furthermore, 238 (32.7%) had received the mpox vaccine. A sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the preceding two years was associated with a higher risk of mpox infection (hazard ratio 7.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.9–26.9]) and with higher odds of vaccination (adjusted odds ratio 3.1; 95% CI [2.2–4.6]). 401 (55.2%) participants responded to the survey. 228 (57.0%) reported very high vaccination willingness. The self-perceived risk of infection was associated with vaccine uptake. (4) Conclusions: The incidence of mpox was low. A prior STD was associated with both a higher risk of mpox infection and higher odds of vaccination. Despite high-risk sexual behavior and high vaccination willingness, a sizable fraction of participants had not been vaccinated.
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Kjær, Andreas, Ulrich Knigge y Jørgen Warberg. "Histamine- and stress-induced prolactin secretion: importance of vasopressin V1- and V2-receptors". European Journal of Endocrinology 131, n.º 4 (octubre de 1994): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1310391.
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Kjær A, Knigge U, Warberg J. Histamine- and stress-induced prolactin secretion: importance of vasopressin V1- and V2-receptors. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;131:391–7. ISSN 0804–4643 We investigated the involvement of arginine vasopressin (AVP) V1- and V2-receptors in the prolactin (PRL) secretory response to histamine (HA) or restraint stress stimulation in conscious male rats by selective blockade of AVP receptors using different antagonists. Histamine (270 nmol) administered intracerebroventricularly or 5 min of restraint stress stimulated PRL secretion 10–14-fold. Pretreatment with the selective V1- receptor antagonists [1-(p-t-butyl-β-mercapto-β, β-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid)-2-(O-methyl)tyrosine-8-d-arginine] vasopressin or [1-(β-mercapto-β, β-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid)-2-(O-methyl)tyrosine-8-arginine]vasopressin inhibited the PRL response to HA and restraint stress in a dose-dependent manner with maximal inhibition of 60%. The effect of the two antagonists was identical when equipotent antivasopressor doses were administered. The selective V2-receptor antagonist [1-(β-mercapto-β, β-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid)-2-d-isoleucine-4-isoleucine-8-arginine]vasopressin was unable to inhibit the PRL response significantly. Combined administration of the V1-receptor antagonist [1-(p-t-butyl-β-mercapto-β, β-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid)-2-(O-methyl)tyrosine-8-d-arginine]vasopressin and the V2-receptor antagonist inhibited the PRL response to HA to the same extent as that observed when the V1antagonist was administered alone. None of the antagonists used had any effect on basal PRL secretion. We conclude that AVP seems to play a role in the mediation of HA- and restraint stressinduced secretion of PRL, and that the AVP receptor involved is primarily of the V1 -type or similar to this. Andreas Kjær, Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Panum Institute (Building 12.3), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Osada, T. y Y. Fukumoto. "Development of a new dynamic chamber system for measuring harmful gas emissions from composting livestock waste". Water Science and Technology 44, n.º 9 (1 de noviembre de 2001): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0513.
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A dynamic chamber system consisting of a chamber covering a composting mixture (3 m in diameter, 2.2 m in height, 13 m3), a ventilator for suction of air into the chamber, and equipment to measure the gas composition and indicate temperature, was developed for evaluation of harmful gas emissions from such livestock waste composting. Fresh air was introduced through the space between the floor and the lower edge of the chamber, and exhaust gas was removed through an outlet placed on top of the chamber. NH3, CH4 and N2O concentrations in exhaust air from the chamber were measured by Infrared Photoacoustic Detector (IPD, multi gas monitor type 1312, INNOVA, Copenhagen, Denmark) at 5 minutes intervals. The system was evaluated with standard gas of NH3, CH4 and N2O. High recoveries of 98.5% (NH3, SD 6.25), 96.6% ( CH4, SD 4.03) and 99.5% ( N2O, SD 2.68) were obtained for each gas emission in the chamber over 17-20 min. The measured values of those gases obtained by the IPD method and conventional method at the time of a composting examination of swine waste were measured, and the differences were only a few percent of the total emissions.
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Rugulies, Reiner, Birgit Aust y Jan Hyld Pejtersen. "Do psychosocial work environment factors measured with scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire predict register-based sickness absence of 3 weeks or more in Denmark?" Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 38, n.º 3_suppl (18 de diciembre de 2009): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494809346873.
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Cossellu, Gianguido, Alessandro Ugolini, Matteo Beretta, Marco Farronato, Alessandro Gianolio, Cinzia Maspero y Valentina Lanteri. "Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Slow Maxillary Expansion with Leaf Expander vs. Rapid Maxillary Expansion in a Sample of Growing Patients: Direct Effects on Maxillary Arch and Spontaneous Mandibular Response". Applied Sciences 10, n.º 13 (29 de junio de 2020): 4512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10134512.
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The aim is to evaluate the effects of slow maxillary expansion on maxillary and mandibular arch, using a slow maxillary expander (SME-Leaf Expander) banded on primary second molar. Ninety patients with transverse maxillary deficiency and posterior crossbite were selected. Sixty-nine patients (33 males/36 females; 7.6 ± 1.7 years old) who underwent SME and 21 patients (10 males/11 females; 7.4 ± 1.2 years old) who were treated with rapid maxillary expander (RME). Digital models obtained pre- and post-treatment at appliance removal (9 to 11 months) were processed by means of a 3D scanner (Trios 3, 3Shape D250 laser, Copenhagen, Denmark). Interdental width in both maxilla and mandible were measured with 3 SHAPE Ortho Analyzer. Four Maxillary and four mandibular interdental width were traced and evaluated. The adequate Student’s t-test (dependent or independent) was used to compare intra and intergroups interdental width differences (p < 0.05). The efficacy of the SME was confirmed both on maxillary and mandibular arch. All the maxillary and mandibular interdental widths increased significantly (p < 0.001). The comparison with the RME group showed significant statistical differences between the two treatments with a greater increase in primary first and second intermolar and canine width for the test group (p < 0.001). SME with Leaf Expander produced statistically significant effects for the correction of transverse maxillary deficiencies with a significant indirect effect on the mandibular arch.
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Dose, Nynne, Jette Led Sørensen y Jeanett Strandbygaard. "Four-year follow-up on a gynecologic laparoscopic skills curriculum and discussion of its implementation". Danish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1, n.º 1 (5 de septiembre de 2022): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.56182/djog.v1i1.18.
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Introduction Simulation-based training of surgical skills is transferable to the operating room, but implementation of a specific skills curricula is still challenging. Ongoing efforts serve to identify and implement the optimal curriculum for ensuring patient safety. In 2013 the validated ‘basic laparoscopic skills curriculum’ was introduced for first-year residents in obstetrics and gynecology in Eastern Denmark. The aim of this study was to follow-up on implementation of the curriculum through a four-year period and identify facilitators and barriers. Material and method The ‘basic laparoscopic skills curriculum’ comprises four steps encompassing theoretical education (step 1 & 2) , proficiency-based technical skills training on virtual reality simulators (step 3), and a one-day surgical course with participants practicing procedures on sedated pigs (step 4) . All participants were first-year residents in obstetrics and gynecology in Eastern Denmark from September 2014 to August 2018. The ‘basic laparoscopic skills curriculum’ was administered by the Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES). Dropouts were asked to complete an electronic questionnaire on why they did not finish the curriculum. Results During the four-year follow-up, 107 first-year residents participated in the curriculum. One-hundred completed step three (93%) and 99 (92.5%) step 4. Participants spent a median of 249, IQR 164 minutes (min. 64, max. 630) on the virtual reality simulator. Median time for completing all four steps of the curriculum was 56 days, IQR 98 (min. 14, max 253). Conclusions Completion rates were continuously high over four years in this basic laparoscopic skills curriculum for residents. One likely reason is that the curriculum was partially mandatory, combined with a supportive management that allotted participation time. Self-directed learning, self-study and flexible booking are also considered as playing a crucial role.
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Ewers, Bettina, Tina Vilsbøll, Henrik Ullits Andersen y Jens Meldgaard Bruun. "The dietary education trial in carbohydrate counting (DIET-CARB Study): study protocol for a randomised, parallel, open-label, intervention study comparing different approaches to dietary self-management in patients with type 1 diabetes". BMJ Open 9, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2019): e029859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029859.
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IntroductionClinical guidelines recommend that patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) learn carbohydrate counting or similar methods to improve glycaemic control. Although systematic educating in carbohydrate counting is still not offered as standard-of-care for all patients on multiple daily injections (MDI) insulin therapy in outpatient diabetes clinics in Denmark. This may be due to the lack of evidence as to which educational methods are the most effective for training patients in carbohydrate counting. The objective of this study is to compare the effect of two different educational programmes in carbohydrate counting with the usual dietary care on glycaemic control in patients with T1D.Methods and analysisThe study is designed as a randomised controlled trial with a parallel-group design. The total study duration is 12 months with data collection at baseline, 6 and 12 months. We plan to include 231 Danish adult patients with T1D. Participants will be randomised to one of three dietician-led interventions: (1) a programme in basic carbohydrate counting, (2) a programme in advanced carbohydrate counting including an automated bolus calculator or (3) usual dietary care. The primary outcome is changes in glycated haemoglobin A1c or mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions from baseline to end of the intervention period (week 24) between and within each of the three study groups. Other outcome measures include changes in other parameters of plasma glucose variability (eg, time in range), body weight and composition, lipid profile, blood pressure, mathematical literacy skills, carbohydrate estimation accuracy, dietary intake, diet-related quality of life, perceived competencies in dietary management of diabetes and perceptions of an autonomy supportive dietician-led climate, physical activity and urinary biomarkers.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark. Study findings will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT03623113).
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Sadid-Zadeh, Ramtin, Hadjer Sahraoui, Brian Lawson y Robert Cox. "Assessment of Tooth Preparations Submitted to Dental Laboratories for Fabrication of Monolithic Zirconia Crowns". Dentistry Journal 9, n.º 10 (27 de septiembre de 2021): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj9100112.
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Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the quality of posterior teeth prepared for monolithic zirconia crowns. Materials and Methods: A total of 392 STL-files of posterior preparations for monolithic zirconia crowns were evaluated in this study. Three-dimensional (3D) images were evaluated using a software (3D Viewer; 3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark) for finish line design, finish line width, occluso-cervical dimension, total occlusal convergence (TOC), intercuspal angulation, finish line quality, line angle form, and presence or absence of undercut at the axial wall and unsupported lip of enamel. The assessment was performed by two calibrated evaluators. Then, data were descriptively analyzed. Data for occluso-cervical dimension and TOC were descriptively analyzed according to their location. Results: Thirty-nine percent of premolars, 77% of first molars, and 91% of second molars had an average occluso-cervical dimension of less than 3 mm (premolars) and 4 mm (molars), with most of the preparations having a TOC of more than 20 degrees. More than 50% of preparations had undercut, unsupported enamel and/or unacceptable finish line quality. Conclusions: The quality of tooth preparation including finish line quality, absence of unsupported enamel and undercut at the axial wall should be evaluated when preparing monolithic zirconia crowns.
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Kirstein, Jonas Kjeld, Hans-Jørgen Albrechtsen y Martin Rygaard. "Topological clustering as a tool for planning water quality monitoring in water distribution networks". Water Supply 15, n.º 5 (5 de mayo de 2015): 1011–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2015.056.
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Topological clustering was explored as a tool for water supply utilities in preparation of monitoring and contamination contingency plans. A complex water distribution network model of Copenhagen, Denmark, was simplified by topological clustering into recognizable water movement patterns to: (1) identify steady clusters for a part of the network where an actual contamination has occurred; (2) analyze this event by the use of mesh diagrams; and (3) analyze the use of mesh diagrams as a decision support tool for planning water quality monitoring. Initially, the network model was divided into strongly and weakly connected clusters for selected time periods and mesh diagrams were used for analysing cluster connections in the Nørrebro district. Here, areas of particular interest for water quality monitoring were identified by including user-information about consumption rates and consumers particular sensitive towards water quality deterioration. The analysis revealed sampling locations within steady clusters, which increased samples' comparability over time. Furthermore, the method provided a simplified overview of water movement in complex distribution networks, and could assist identification of potential contamination and affected consumers in contamination cases. Although still in development, the method shows potential for assisting utilities during planning of monitoring programs and as decision support tool during emergency contingency situations.
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Lauritzen, Lotte, Laurine B. S. Harsløf, Lars I. Hellgren, Maiken H. Pedersen, Christian Mølgaard y Kim F. Michaelsen. "Fish intake, erythrocyten-3 fatty acid status and metabolic health in Danish adolescent girls and boys". British Journal of Nutrition 107, n.º 5 (7 de junio de 2011): 697–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511002418.
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Marinen-3 long-chain PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) may have a beneficial effect on several aspects of the metabolic syndrome (dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, hypertension and abdominal obesity). The metabolic syndrome is increasing in prevalence during adolescence, but only few studies have investigated the effects ofn-3 LCPUFA in adolescence. The present study examines associations between fish intake (assessed by a 7 d pre-coded food diary), erythrocyte (RBC) DHA status (analysed by GC) and metabolic syndrome measures (anthropometry, blood pressure and plasma lipids, insulin and glucose) in 109 17-year-old children from the Copenhagen Birth Cohort Study. Of the children, 8 % were overweight or obese and few showed signs of the metabolic syndrome, but all the metabolic syndrome variables were correlated. Median fish intake was 10·7 (interquartile range 3·6–21·2) g/d. Boys tended to have a higher fish intake (P = 0·052), but girls had significantly higher RBC levels of DHA (P = 0·001). Sex and fish intake explained 37 % of the variance in RBC-DHA (P < 0·001). After adjusting for confounders, high DHA status was found to be significantly correlated with higher systolic blood pressure (P = 0·014) and increased fasting insulin (P = 0·018), but no adverse association was observed with the mean metabolic syndromez-score. Overall, the present study showed the expected association between fish intake and RBC-DHA, which in contrast to our expectations tended to be associated with a poorer metabolic profile. Whether these results reflect the physiological function ofn-3 LCPUFA, lifestyle factors associated with fish intake in Denmark, or mere chance remains to be investigated.
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Lauridsen, John T. "Werner Bests fængselsoptegnelser 1945-51. En studie i fortidsmanipulation". Fund og Forskning i Det Kongelige Biblioteks Samlinger 54 (3 de marzo de 2015): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/fof.v54i0.118902.
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John T. Lauridsen: Werner Best’s prison records 1945-51
The article provides a brief account of the content of Field Marshal for Denmark Werner Best’s prison notes with a list of those which are non-literary. Then the notes concerning Danish conditions are presented in greater detail, since they are characterized as primary defence statements with the intention of explaining and defending the politics that he wishes to present as those he conducted during his time as Field Marshal for Denmark 1942-45. There is a development in the content of the notes concerning Denmark from the first ones in 1945 to the later ones in 1948 in line with the fact that he obtained insight into the contemporary records written by himself, which the public prosecutor had managed to collect from him. The development was in the form of an adaptation of previous statements concerning the material presented or explaining the contents of it away, in the sense that a context was presented, which negated the meaning of what he had written, unless he did not openly state instead that what he had written was a lie already at the time of writing. The latter was supposedly in agreement with the Auswärtiges Amt with the common goal of preventing Hitler from intervening in Danish affairs. On the whole, Hitler is introduced in various contexts as an active party, who had exerted fundamental influence on incriminating documents drawn up by Best, while there is no contemporary documentation that Hitler exerted any influence or even had his attention focused on Denmark. This results in Best’s use of “the telephone trick”, which the author has chosen to call it, namely that Best invokes telephone calls from the headquarters of the fuhrer, from Ribbentrop’s ministerial office located there or from the Auswärtiges Amt, which make him act in another manner that justifies his actions for posterity, or ascribes an impact on posterity to himself, which he had not been able to obtain in some other way. The most obvious examples are the initiative for the action against the Jews in 1943, the April Crisis in 1944, the repercussions from the general strike in Copenhagen in the summer of 1944, and the outcome of the discussions concerning whether or not to conduct the final battle in Mürwik on 3 May 1945. An account is given of Best’s attempt to impose a general reading guide for his contemporary documents upon the reader, followed by a representation of and detailed commentary upon selected statements by Best, which illustrate Best’s form of history manipulation in detail, where he also provides guidance on how he wants specific individual documents to be read and understood. It is inspiring reading. Two records are not about his own trial, but about his relationship to DNSAP (the Danish Nazi Party) and the Schalburg Corps (the Nazi anti-sabotage corps in Denmark) and the group of people surrounding them. Here he continues to manipulate his own role, but also shows his ruthlessness towards partners who did not obey orders. This also gave him cause to dismiss the entire German Reich leadership in Denmark as being more or less amateurish.
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Lauritzen, Line Rettig, Celia Faye Jacobsen, Jan Nielsen, Susanne Lunn, Birgit Bork Mathiesen, Fredrik Falkenström y Stig Poulsen. "Common factors, Responsiveness and Outcome in Psychotherapy (CROP): study protocol for a naturalistic prospective cohort study of psychotherapy in Denmark". BMJ Open 13, n.º 6 (junio de 2023): e072277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072277.
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IntroductionThe aim of the Common factors, Responsiveness and Outcome in Psychotherapy (CROP) study is to identify client and psychologist characteristics and therapeutic processes associated with the outcome of psychotherapy delivered by psychologists employed in the Danish primary sector or fully self-employed. The study addresses two main questions. First, how are specific characteristics of clients and psychologists related to the outcome of therapy and do these characteristics moderate the outcome of different psychotherapeutic approaches? Second, to what extent do therapists adapt their approach to client characteristics and preferences and how does such responsiveness impact the process and outcome of therapy?Methods and analysisThe study is a naturalistic prospective cohort study carried out in collaboration with psychologists in private practice in Denmark. Self-reported data are collected from the participating psychologists and their participating clients before, during (weekly and postsession) and after psychotherapy (at end of treatment and 3 months follow-up). The estimated target sample size is 573 clients. The data are analysed using multilevel modelling and structural equation modelling approaches to capture predictors and moderators of the effect and rate of change in psychotherapy as well as session-to-session changes during the therapy process.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the IRB at the Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen (IRB number: IP-IRB/01082018) and the Danish Data Protection Agency. All study data are fully anonymised and all clients have given informed consent to participation in the study. The study findings will be presented in articles in international, peer-reviewed journals as well as to psychotherapy practitioners and other professionals across Denmark.Trial registration numberNCT05630560.