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1
Yoo, Chungsik. "Geosynthetic Solutions for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure Development." Sustainability 15, no. 22 (November 9, 2023): 15772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152215772.
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Geosynthetic engineering has made significant advances during the past decade in the areas of manufacturing and practical applications. As a result, geosynthetics have become essential materials that facilitate construction, better improve short- and long-term performance, and reduce long-term maintenance costs in routine civil engineering projects. Geosynthetics are also being recognized as fundamental to sustainable infrastructure development as they reduce the carbon footprint generated by infrastructure development by minimizing the use of natural construction materials. Creative use of geosynthetics in geo-engineering practices is expected to continue to expand as innovative materials and products are becoming available. In this paper, we begin by discussing issues related to climate change. The sustainable benefits of geosynthetics are then presented by demonstrating the potential of geosynthetics to significantly reduce carbon footprints compared to traditional solutions. Finally, recent geosynthetic technologies have been introduced for use in transportation infrastructure. The pathway forward of the geosynthetic technology is also discussed from the view of sustainable infrastructure development.
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Sprague, C. Joel, and James E. Sprague. "Functional longevity of exposed geosynthetics." E3S Web of Conferences 569 (2024): 09006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456909006.
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The time at which a geosynthetic’s performance falls below established functional thresholds is known as the geosynthetic’s functional longevity. As opposed to “durability” which commonly refers to an individual exposure environment such as UV exposure or a specific chemical exposure preceded and followed by an index test to quantify physical changes, functional longevity is the result of the synergistic effects of one or more exposure environments happening simultaneously or sequentially preceded and followed by a performance test. Therefore, functional longevity is characterized by a “suite” of durability tests and an accompanying performance test. Exposed geosynthetics, such as rolled erosion control products (RECPs) and engineered turf are the most common candidates for functional longevity characterization. In each case, exposures can include ultraviolet radiation, biodegradation, and damaging mechanical forces. These exposures inevitably degrade the geosynthetic over time. Yet, the important question is, when do the synergistic effects of the simultaneous or sequential exposures degrade the geosynthetic to the point where its performance falls below established thresholds? This question can only be answered by putting the candidate product through a relevant series of durability and performance tests. This paper describes a series of durability and performance tests being used to characterize the functional longevity of RECPs.
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Plácido, Rafael Ribeiro, Fernando Henrique Martins Portelinha, Marcos Massao Futai, and Tiago de Jesus Souza. "Effect of Testing Mechanisms on the Load-Strain-Time Behavior of Geosynthetic Reinforcements." Geotechnical Testing Journal 47, no. 6 (November 1, 2024): 1243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/gtj20230399.
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Abstract This study compares how geosynthetics behave under load, under strain, and over time when subjected to confined tensile tests in soil, employing two commonly used mechanisms in research. One test type simulates a reinforced layer, where tensile loads are indirectly applied to the geosynthetic via stresses transferred from the soil. In contrast, the other test applies tensile loads directly to the geosynthetic material using clamps while under soil confinement. The objective is to elucidate how these testing mechanisms might yield differing in-soil tensile characteristics for different geosynthetics. The study involved conducting load-strain-time tests on samples of nonwoven and woven geotextiles, as well as a geogrid, under varying sustained loads over a 120-h period within a sand clay soil providing soil confinement to geosynthetics at different surcharge levels. The results suggest that soil confinement plays a significant role in shaping the load-strain-time behavior of geosynthetics. Furthermore, it was noted that the impact of testing mechanisms on this behavior is contingent upon the type and stiffness of the geosynthetics, as well as their interaction with the confining soil. In general, in-soil tests in which tensile loads are mobilized by geosynthetics and transferred from the soil provide more confident results for better simulating operation conditions. Tests that directly apply tensile loads to the geosynthetic while maintaining stationary soil confinement may yield misleading results, especially for geosynthetics that have poor interaction with the soil.
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Edwin, Fabián García-Aristizábal, Alberto Vega-Posada Carlos, and Nur y. Gallego-Hernández Alba. "Experimental study of water infiltration on an unsaturated soil-geosynthetic system." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería –redin-, no. 78 (March 19, 2016): 112–18. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.n78a15.
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This investigation presents experimental results from soil-geosynthetic column tests constructed to study the drainage capability of geosynthetics installed within an unsaturated soil and subjected to a water infiltration process. Two different types of permeable geosynthetics were tested; namely, non-woven geotextile and woven non-woven geocomposite. The infiltration process was monitored using negative/positive pore water pressure and volumetric water content transducers placed above and below the geosynthetic. The results showed that the geosynthetics behaved as an impermeable layer until the surrounding soil was nearly saturated. The geosynthetics started draining water laterally only when the pore water pressure within the soil above it was positive or negative but close to zero. This study intends to provide some insights into the physics of soil-geosynthetics performance, and to complement the available technical data used to conduct numerical simulations of complex soil-structures subjected to water infiltration processes.
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Wathugala, G. Wije, Baoshan Huang, and Surajit Pal. "Numerical Simulation of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Flexible Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1534, no. 1 (January 1996): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153400109.
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In traditional analyses of flexible pavements the linear elastic material behavior is assumed for pavement materials. However, pavement materials do not behave as linear elastic materials. They can be better modeled by using elasto-plastic constitutive relationships. The consequences of the assumption of linear elasticity in the prediction of the behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced flexible pavements are presented. The effect of the stiffness of geosynthetic reinforcements on pavement behavior is also studied. The behavior of a geosynthetic-reinforced flexible pavement is analyzed by the finite-element method with different constitutive models. The results of six analyses where E is Young's modulus [Case 1, linear elastic models with geosynthetics (Case 1a, E = 1 GPa; Case 1b, E = 100 GPa); Case 2, linear elastic models without geosynthetics; Case 3, elasto-plastic models with geosynthetics (Case 3a, E = 1 GPa; Case 3b, E = 100 GPa); and Case 4, elasto-plastic models without geosynthetics on the same pavement under the same load cycle] are presented and compared. Key observations and conclusions are as follows. The linear elastic analyses predicted tensile stresses in the crushed limestone layer although in reality this material cannot withstand tensile stresses. The vertical stresses directly under the load for all of the analyses were very close and were little smaller than those predicted by Boussinesq's equations. The linear elastic analyses showed only a small reduction in settlements when geosynthetics were added. In contrast, elasto-plastic analyses showed a large reduction in settlements, especially with stiffer geosynthetics. Previously published field data indicate an improvement in the pavement performance when geosynthetic reinforcements are introduced.
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Chauhan, Mr Yogesh B. "Design of Rigid Pavement Using Geosynthetic Material - A Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 5 (May 31, 2025): 4811–17. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.71430.
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Rigid pavement design plays a crucial role in infrastructure development, particularly in road construction. The use of geosynthetic materials in rigid pavement has gained attention due to its potential to enhance pavement performance, reduce maintenance costs, and extend service life. This review paper discusses various aspects of rigid pavement design incorporating geosynthetic materials. It covers different types of geosynthetics, their applications, benefits, and limitations in pavement engineering. The paper also presents a comprehensive analysis of previous research studies, highlighting the impact of geosynthetics on pavement strength, durability, and sustainability. The review aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of geosynthetics in rigid pavement design and to propose future research directions
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Ma, Terrance, and Sina Javankhoshdel. "Loss of stability in geosynthetic-reinforced slopes." E3S Web of Conferences 569 (2024): 17004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456917004.
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Geosynthetics are commonly considered to provide restoring forces against sliding during overall slope stability analyses. Where a slipping surface intersects a geosynthetic layer, the geosynthetic layer produces a reaction force either in the opposite direction of sliding, in the direction of the geosynthetic alignment, or in some intermediate direction. The provision of geosynthetic reinforcements typically increases the factor of safety in limit equilibrium against overall sliding in the design of a mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) wall, and for this reason has become popular among practitioners. However, geosynthetics are typically installed in contiguous layers. These layers are potential interfaces for sliding which need to be checked with respect to slope stability. In other words, it is possible for a slope to become unstable via partial sliding along the interface of a geosynthetic. In this paper, a comprehensive method of analysis is demonstrated via an example which evaluates the stability of a slope reinforced by geosynthetics. All the cases of failure with respect to slope stability are considered via the dual treatment of the geosynthetic elements as weak layers and supporting elements in a limit equilibrium analysis in software.
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Zieliński, P. "Investigations of Fatigue of Asphalt Layers with Geosynthetics." Archives of Civil Engineering 59, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 247–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2013-0013.
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Abstract This paper presents the results of an extensive investigation of asphalt concrete beams with geosynthetics interlayer. The subject of the research is an evaluation of influence of geosynthetics interlayer applied to bituminous samples on their fatigue life. The results of the tests evidences that when geosynthetics are used, the fatigue life depends mainly on the type of bituminous mixture, the type of geosynthetics, and the type and the amount of bitumen used for saturation and sticking. The amount of bitumen used to saturate and fix the geosynthetic significantly changes the samples fatigue properties. Essential positive correlation between fatigue and parameters of interlayer bonding (shear strength, shear stiffness) occurs in both testing temperatures.
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Markiewicz, Anna, Eugeniusz Koda, Marta Kiraga, Grzegorz Wrzesiński, Klementyna Kozanka, Maurycy Naliwajko, and Magdalena Daria Vaverková. "Polymeric Products in Erosion Control Applications: A Review." Polymers 16, no. 17 (August 31, 2024): 2490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16172490.
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Among the various types of polymeric materials, geosynthetics deserve special attention. A geosynthetic is a product made from synthetic polymers that is embedded in soils for various purposes. There are some basic functions of geosynthetics, namely, erosion control, filtration, drainage, separation, reinforcement, containment, barrier, and protection. Geosynthetics for erosion control are very effective in preventing or limiting soil loss by water erosion on slopes or river/channel banks. Where the current line runs through the undercut area of the slope, the curvature of the arch is increased. If this phenomenon is undesirable, the meander arch should be protected from erosion processes. The combination of geosynthetics provides the best resistance to erosion. In addition to external erosion, internal erosion of soils is also a negative phenomenon. Internal erosion refers to any process by which soil particles are eroded from within or beneath a water-retaining structure. Geosynthetics, particularly geotextiles, are used to prevent internal erosion of soils in contact with the filters. Therefore, the main objective of this review paper is to address the many ways in which geosynthetics are used for erosion control (internal and external). Many examples of hydrotechnical and civil engineering applications of geosynthetics will be presented.
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Ingle, Ganesh, and S. S. Bhosale. "Geosynthetics reinforced flexible pavement: review of laboratory model studies." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 6, no. 4 (September 21, 2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v6i4.8158.
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Number of laboratory studies; have shown that geosynthetics reinforcement improves the performance of flexible pavement either by ex-tending the service life or by savings in base course thickness. In spite of the good laboratory evidence for the geosynthetics reinforced flexible pavement, the mechanism that enables and governs the reinforcement function is still unclear [1]. Cyclic laboratory test has been one of the ways, used for assessing/evaluating the soil-geosynthetic interaction mechanisms. In such a tests contribution of geosynthetics prop-erties, interface shear provided by geotextiles and interlocking provided by geogrids when used under or within the base course of flexible pavement are mainly concentrated. This paper reviews literature of laboratory model studies carried out by various researchers over the globe. This review indicates that, appreciable improvement due to geosynthetics reinforcement depends upon various factors viz. location of geosynthetics, geogrid aperture size, geosynthetics properties, mainly stiffness, variation of base course thickness and strength of subgrade soil. The findings of these laboratory studies are also correlated with the same nature of field studies finding.
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Damians, Ivan P., Pietro Rimoldi, Yoshihisa Miyata, Oliver Detert, Stefan Uelzmann, Michael Hoelzel, Andreas Kirchner, et al. "Summary of the Soil Reinforcement Technical Committee Special Session (IGS TC-R)." E3S Web of Conferences 368 (2023): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202336803010.
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This document provides a summary of the different topics presented at the Special Session organized by the International Geosynthetics Society (IGS) Technical Committee on Soil Reinforcement (TC-R). This Special Session brings together very interesting studies regarding soil reinforcement in the field of geosynthetics. Studies presented include topics both from theoretical and practical points of view of reinforcement geosynthetics including general products and applications, cases studies on road embankments under challenging site boundary conditions, research on deterministic and probabilistic design of reinforced fills over voids, numerical analysis of reinforced soil wall structures, encased granular column technique, and geosynthetic-reinforced bridge abutment behavior.
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Zornberg, Jorge G., and S. Subramanian. "Advances in the Use of Geosynthetics for Stabilization of Unbound Aggregate Layers." E3S Web of Conferences 368 (2023): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202336801003.
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The governing mechanism associated with the stabilization of unbound aggregate layers in pavements is lateral restraint. Reproducing this mechanism in the laboratory maybe challenging because, while the original loading source is cyclic (traffic), lateral restraint develops through interlocking and interfacial friction between the geosynthetic and the aggregate to restrain the development of permanent lateral strains. Considering the relevance of lateral restraint in the quantification of the benefits of geosynthetics embedded within (or adjacent to) unbound aggregate layers, this study focuses on two experimental approaches to quantify this mechanism. The first experimental approach aims at defining a design parameter, identified as the Stiffness of the Soil-geosynthetic Composite (KSGC), which is obtained from Soil-Geosynthetic interaction (SGI) tests and is practical for use in specifications and design. The second experimental approach that quantifies the lateral restraint mechanism involves one-third scale accelerated pavement tests (APTs), which were performed on pavement test sections stabilized with various geosynthetics, diverse in terms of geometry and materials. The rutting from these sections was compared to that in the non-stabilized (control) section to evaluate the Traffic Benefit Ratio (TBR) at failure rut depth for each geosynthetic. The TBR obtained showed a strong linear correlation to the KSGC of the corresponding geosynthetic determined by SGI tests. Overall, the KSGC parameter was found to represent a suitable indicator of the performance of pavements with unbound aggregate layers stabilized using geosynthetics.
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Ferrara, M. L., and P. V. Jayakrishnan. "Comparative life cycle assessment study for erosion control application with conventional shotcrete and geomat solutions." E3S Web of Conferences 569 (2024): 09003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456909003.
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Geosynthetic products are used more frequently in civil and environmental engineering applications due to their technological, commercial, and sustainable advantages. However, a quantitative analysis of the sustainability benefits of geosynthetics compared to traditional solutions is rarely conducted in real projects. Traditional engineering design primarily considers function, cost, and safety, while sustainable engineering design also takes into account the impact the design will have on society and the environment. To ensure sustainability in engineering, designers need quantitative tools to evaluate the metrics that can be applied in the design process. One such tool is life cycle assessment (LCA) for evaluating sustainability in engineering designs. The use of polymeric materials in construction projects may not immediately appear to have environmental benefits. However, geosynthetics can significantly reduce the use of other natural construction materials, which more than compensates for any negative impact. Additionally, geosynthetic solutions can reduce global warming potential due to their reduced carbon emissions. Although this topic is less widely discussed outside the geosynthetics industry, it is important for any construction project. Geosynthetic applications reduce carbon emissions and lower non-renewable energy consumption, ozone layer depletion, acidification, and eutrophication. This paper presents the results of a detailed comparative LCA study between a geomat and a traditional shotcrete-based erosion control solution.
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Adolphe, Kempena, Mbilou Urbain Gampio, Mouanda Makanda Emilienne Greve, Rafael Guardado Lacaba, Antonio Olimpio Gonçalves, and Boudzoumou Florent. "Modeling of the Direct Shear Test from the Finish Elements Method." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 6 (October 31, 2021): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ej-eng.2021.6.6.2541.
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Soil improvement using the geosynthetic technique is usually used for fine and friable soils. This technique provides a reinforced soil with high shear strength. The interest is certainly well displayed. Indeed, this work aims to numerically assess the geosynthetics placement influence on the fine sand properties. For this purpose, a reduced model has been designed to initially allow simulating the geosynthetic layer incorporation into an unsaturated soil while maintaining vertical stress and measuring the lateral stress generated during this incorporation. The scale model makes it possible to assess the possible displacements experienced by the soil during the direct shear test. Numerical modeling then made it possible to confirm the experimental results and verify these displacements behavior. Numerical modeling was carried out by applying the finite element method considering a behavioral law of the Mohr-Coulomb type for soil and geosynthetics. The results obtained by numerical modeling confirmed the direct shear test functionality in the laboratory. This opens the door to further studies about the geosynthetics effect in the soil.
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Adolphe, Kempena, Mbilou Urbain Gampio, Mouanda Makanda Emilienne Greve, Rafael Guardado Lacaba, Antonio Olimpio Gonçalves, and Boudzoumou Florent. "Modeling of the Direct Shear Test from the Finish Elements Method." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 6 (October 31, 2021): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2021.6.6.2541.
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Soil improvement using the geosynthetic technique is usually used for fine and friable soils. This technique provides a reinforced soil with high shear strength. The interest is certainly well displayed. Indeed, this work aims to numerically assess the geosynthetics placement influence on the fine sand properties. For this purpose, a reduced model has been designed to initially allow simulating the geosynthetic layer incorporation into an unsaturated soil while maintaining vertical stress and measuring the lateral stress generated during this incorporation. The scale model makes it possible to assess the possible displacements experienced by the soil during the direct shear test. Numerical modeling then made it possible to confirm the experimental results and verify these displacements behavior. Numerical modeling was carried out by applying the finite element method considering a behavioral law of the Mohr-Coulomb type for soil and geosynthetics. The results obtained by numerical modeling confirmed the direct shear test functionality in the laboratory. This opens the door to further studies about the geosynthetics effect in the soil.
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Palmeira, Ennio M. "Sustainability and Innovation in Geotechnics: Contributions from Geosynthetics." Soils and Rocks 39, no. 2 (May 1, 2016): 113–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.392113.
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Geosynthetic are construction materials with several applications in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. They are usually capable of providing more practical and economical solutions than traditional construction materials. The extensive use of the latter for centuries has reduced the availability or increased the cost of such materials for constructions and developments in many regions. In addition, restrictive environmental regulations have limited or prohibited the exploitation and use of some traditional construction materials. In such situations geosynthetics can provide cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions for geotechnical problems. Their use can be even more beneficial to the environment when associated with or to enable the use of alternative or waste materials in engineering works. Among such possibilities there are the uses of wasted tires, plastics and recycled construction and demolition residues with geosynthetics. This paper presents and discusses the use of geosynthetics associated with non-conventional construction materials in different geotechnical and geoenvironmental applications. Advantages and limitations of such combinations are discussed. The development and application of alternative low-cost geosynthetic products are also addressed.
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Pignataro, Gregory, Evan Bao, and Trevor Topp. "Evolution in geosynthetics starts with utilizing data technology." E3S Web of Conferences 569 (2024): 20001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456920001.
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This paper focuses on the automation of the geosynthetics installation QA/QC process by way of software integration in the field data entry and office data management. Technology is essential to the advancement of geosynthetic installations, especially data application. In its most basic form, data application is a means of gathering, storing, and utilizing information more easily than its predecessor(s). If implemented appropriately, data application technology improves process efficiency. Users and downstream stakeholders of process improvements can then capitalize by delivering quicker, higher-quality, more economical products. The geosynthetics industry is lagging in the area of data application. From a feasibility perspective and assessing practical implementation opportunities, many workflows widely used for tracking geosynthetic installations and its associated means and methods are antiquated and, furthermore, lack reliable authenticity verification. The current accountability requirements require a robust catalog of information reporting to substantiate this important environmental construction practice. The combination of room to evolve in practice and existing data requirements make the geosynthetics industry an ideal suitor for this technology integration. While advancements in materials manufacturing, welding equipment, and post-installation leak surveys already contribute to progress, there is a lack of universally accepted information infrastructure to aggregate all facets of an installation. Software automation creates a cyclical geosynthetics ecosystem that benefits the industry as a whole.
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Gaikwad, Samuel. "Comparison and Suitability Analysis of Geosynthetics in Road Construction." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 3074–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37889.
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Abstract: Geosynthetics are with success used for many years within the construction of roads. They fulfill most classical perform like separation, protection, filtration, Drainage, sealing, and reinforcement. In recent time the scope of application has been extended considerably by the development of road pavement. Field evidences indicate that geosynthetic reinforcements will improve pavement performance by avoiding cracking, rutting, and patholes & by reducing deflection of paved surface. The rise in urbanization crystal rectifier to the inadequacy of the land for building, because of that land with high water content and low bearing capability had to be used. within the past history numerous|many alternative} strategies are projected thus on improve the unfavorable conditions prevailing in various locations like the locations with low bearing capability soil, water work conditions, land movements, etc. the appliance of geosynthetics has proved to be the foremost promising answer of all the alternatives. numerous forms of geosynthetics are wont to fulfill numerous functions like filtration, separation, drainage, reinforcement, mitigation of reflective cracks, by the utilization of one or combination of 2 or additional geosynthetics. This use of geosynthetics has conjointly contributed towards the goal of being one among the foremost economical and much applicable alternatives. This paper conjointly studies the characteristics and therefore the basic data of geosynthetics usually just in case of pavement like geotextile, geogrid, geonets, geomembrane, GCL Associate in Nursingd geo- composite having an unequivocal perform. It includes the comparison of the pavement made with the assistance of geosynthetics and therefore the standard pavements against numerous parameters like bearing capability, wetness content, economy, maintenance needed and therefore the life amount of the pavement. the utilization of geosynthetics is increasing at a awfully fast rate and is being accepted worldwide and therefore there rises the need for elaborate study. Keywords: Geosynthetics, Road Pavement, Water Work, Geomembrane.
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Wang, Zhongmei, Zhiqiang Lai, Lianjun Zhao, Kangwei Lai, and Li Pan. "Mesoscopic Failure Behavior of Strip Footing on Geosynthetic-Reinforced Granular Soil Foundations Using PIV Technology." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 11, 2022): 16583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416583.
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Two-dimensional model tests combined with PIV technology were conducted to study the failure behavior of strip footing on geosynthetic-reinforced granular soil foundations on a mesoscale. The results showed that geosynthetic reinforcements improve the bearing capacity of granular soil foundations; however, the effectiveness of the reinforcement was affected by the position, length, and number of geosynthetics. The mesoscale factor affecting the reinforcement effectiveness was the size of the sliding wedge in the foundation, which was changed by the embedded geosynthetics. As the depth, length, number, and vertical spacing of the reinforcements varied, three possible failure modes occurred in the reinforced foundations: failure above the top reinforcement layer, failure between reinforcement layers, and failure similar to footings on the unreinforced foundation.
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Silva, Matheus P. S., and Natália S. Correia. "Shear fatigue behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt layers." E3S Web of Conferences 569 (2024): 29003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456929003.
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The factors influencing bonding between geosynthetics, and asphalt layers have been extensively investigated through monotonic interface shear tests. However, little is known about how the geosynthetic pavement interlayers behaves under cyclic shear loading. Dynamic shear testing is recognized as more appropriate to understand the performance of pavements under traffic loads. This paper presents the characterization of bond stiffness and shear fatigue life using dynamic interface shear tests on three different geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt interlayers, including a geogrid and two reinforcement geocomposites. Double-layered samples of 150 mm diameter were compacted in the laboratory using Marshall adapted method. The dynamic interlayer shear behavior was evaluated using cyclic Leutner device at a frequency of 5 Hz. The bitumen coating content and thickness of the fabric backing showed to most influence the shear fatigue life of geosynthetic interlayers. This research shows that distinct shear fatigue behaviors were obtained for the different types of geosynthetics.
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Carrubba, Paolo. "Laboratory Evaluation of Geosynthetic Interface Friction under Low Stress." Polymers 16, no. 17 (September 5, 2024): 2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16172519.
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In landfill cover, geosynthetic packages are often used to fulfil different and simultaneous functions: drainage, waterproofing, separation, reinforcement, and soil protection. In this regard, various types of geosynthetics are combined in succession to allow for water and biogas drainage and to waterproof, reinforce, and provide protection from erosion over the useful lifetime, ranging over many decades if we consider the long phases of disposal, closure, and quiescence of the landfill itself. The creation of the composite cover barrier requires the evaluation of various interfaces’ frictional strength under low contact stresses, both in static and seismic cases. The main purpose of this study is to summarize the results of past laboratory tests carried out on different geosynthetic–geosynthetic and geosynthetic–soil–geosynthetic interfaces using experimental instrumentation developed at the geotechnical laboratory of the University of Padua, which allows for the characterization of the interface geosynthetic friction at low contact stresses. The main aspects highlighted are the kinematic mode of failure, the wearing of the contact surfaces, the presence or absence of interstitial fluid, and, finally, the density level of the granular soil in contact with the geosynthetics.
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Perżyło, Dagmara, Katarzyna Szafulera, Marek Kruczkowski, and Michał Pilch. "The Use of Geomaterials to Restore the Utility Value of Post-Mining Areas." Energies 15, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041447.
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Post-mining deformations that occur on the surface pose a significant threat to natural environments and urbanized areas. Preventing the effects of deformation is a significant challenge for specialists in geotechnical and civil engineering. Geomaterials, such as geosynthetics or geopolymers, could minimize the damage that occurs. The first section of the article explores the securing of an area, strengthening the rock mass with geosynthetic materials. We provide descriptions of the properties of these materials and the method surrounding their introduction into the soil. The second section presents the research problem, i.e., we describe the damage caused by underground mining. In the last section, we propose a solution for securing the ground with the use of geogrids and geopolymer injections into the rock mass. The analyses led us to conclude that an area subjected to mining influences may be strengthened by the use of geosynthetic materials. The use of geosynthetics in a mining area is a well-known topic, but the additional use of geopolymers may be innovative. Research is still being conducted on the use of geopolymers to fill post-mining voids, in combination with geosynthetics.
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Nagimov, Marat. "The use of reinforced soils in road construction: advantages and opportunities." Current Research, no. 39 (169) (September 24, 2023): 29–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8387661.
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This scientific article explores the pivotal role of geosynthetic materials in construction, particularly road construction. The application of these materials fosters substantial cost savings and fortifies structures, thereby enhancing their resilience and durability. In comparison to traditional methods such as building concrete retaining walls or replacing soil on weak bases, geosynthetics offer economic advantages and technical benefits. The paper delves into the specifics of geotextiles, which notably bolster the load-bearing capacity of roads. These materials enable a high degree of compaction during the construction phase, mitigating road damage due to frost impact and inhibiting rut formation. Beyond mere cost-effectiveness in construction and maintenance, geosynthetics amplify the service life of structures, marking their significance in any construction project. Their applicability extends across all spheres of construction, ranging from residential building to intricate engineering projects, highlighting their potential as the materials of the future. The article concludes with the assertion that geosynthetic usage enhances both the construction process and its subsequent operation, as structures built with these materials demonstrate considerable longevity. This underlines the necessity for an increased utilization of geosynthetics in all areas of construction.
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Ponomarev, Andrey Budimirovich, and Tatiana Viktorovna Ivanova. "Reinforcing earth foundations with geosynthetic materials." E3S Web of Conferences 457 (2023): 02037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345702037.
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The article gives key terms and definitions of geosynthetic materials currently used in construction, namely for reinforcement of earth foundations. Primary functions and types of geosynthetic materials are shown. Most part of the article is dedicated to the results obtained by various researchers. Reinforcement by geosynthetic materials is described for sandy and loamy soils, soil bedding, fiber soil, karsted soil, and using geosynthetics in mollisols.
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Kim, Yoo-Jae, Ashley Russell Kotwal, Bum-Yean Cho, James Wilde, and Byung Hee You. "Geosynthetic Reinforced Steep Slopes: Current Technology in the United States." Applied Sciences 9, no. 10 (May 16, 2019): 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9102008.
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Geosynthetics is a crucial mechanism in which the earth structures can be mechanically stabilized through strength enforcing tensile reinforcement. Moreover, geosynthetic reinforcement stabilizes steep slopes through incorporating the polymeric materials, becoming one of the most cost-effective methods in not only accommodating budgetary restrictions but also alleviating space constraints. In order to explicate on the applicability and widen the understanding of geosynthetic reinforcement technology, a synthesis study was conducted on geosynthetic reinforced steep slope. This study is very important because in not only highlighting the advantages and limitations of using geosynthetic reinforcement but also in investigating the current construction and design methods with a view to determining which best practices can be employed. Furthermore, this study also identified and assessed the optimal condition of the soil, performance measures, construction specifications, design criteria, and geometry of the slope. To further concretize the understanding of these parameters or factors, two case studies were reviewed and a summary of the best practices, existing methods, and recommendations were drawn in order to inform the employment of geosynthetics in reinforcing steep slopes.
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Abu-Farsakh, Murad, Mehdi Zadehmohamad, and George Z. Voyiadjis. "Incorporating the Benefits of Geosynthetic into MEPDG." Infrastructures 8, no. 2 (February 16, 2023): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures8020035.
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One of the most effective ways to increase the longevity of pavement structures is through the integration of geosynthetic reinforcement. Geosynthetics are synthetic materials such as geotextiles, geogrids, or geocomposites that are added to the interface between the subgrade and the base layer of a pavement structure. To evaluate the effect of various parameters on the structural benefits of geosynthetic reinforcement on the pavement structure of low-volume traffic flexible pavements, a finite element (FE) study was performed using the ABAQUS program. These parameters included the geosynthetic type, geosynthetic tensile stiffness, subgrade stiffness, and base thickness. The FE rutting curves for the 100 cycles were calibrated using the mechanistic–empirical (M-E) transfer functions, which were then used to calculate the long-term rutting curves. The traffic benefit ratio (TBR) was initially calculated based on the calibrated rutting curves for each pavement layer. The calculated TBRs were then used as an input in AASHTOWare to compute the base effective resilient modulus (MR-eff) and the factor of base course reduction (BCR). The results showed that adding one layer of geosynthetics enhanced the rutting performance of pavement structures significantly (up to 8.9 in TBR, 322% in MR-eff, and 64% in BCR). Geogrids showed higher benefits than geotextiles due to the interlocking between base aggregates and geogrid aperture. The values of TBR, MR-eff, and BCR increase with the increasing tensile stiffness of the geosynthetics and the rutting target and with the decreasing subgrade stiffness. The results also demonstrated peak values of TBR, MR-eff, and BCR for a base thickness of 25.4 cm.
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Perkins, Steven W., and Joseph A. Lapeyre. "Instrumentation of a Geosynthetic-Reinforced Flexible Pavement System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1596, no. 1 (January 1997): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1596-05.
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Geosynthetics have been proposed and used to reinforce base course layers in flexible pavement sections to reduce base course thickness, or life-cycle costs, or both. Studies show conflicting results regarding the level to which geosynthetics can improve the performance of flexible pavements. To examine the reinforcement role of geosynthetics, a program of study has been initiated to define the mechanisms of base course reinforcement, to define and quantify the effect of site-specific parameters on the level of improvement observed, and to devise a design tool that can be readily applied in practice. This program will eventually involve the instrumentation of a full-scale pavement subjected to moving traffic loads, the success of which is essential to meeting the three objectives. As a first examination of the performance of proposed instruments, a pilot test section was constructed and monitored for approximately 3 months. The test section was chosen and constructed not necessarily to establish geosynthetic performance but rather to evaluate instrument installation techniques and subsequent instrument performance. Instruments designed to measure strain in the geosynthetics, base course, and asphalt concrete were included.
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Abedi, Mohammadmahdi, Raul Fangueiro, António Gomes Correia, and Javad Shayanfar. "Smart Geosynthetics and Prospects for Civil Infrastructure Monitoring: A Comprehensive and Critical Review." Sustainability 15, no. 12 (June 8, 2023): 9258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129258.
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Civil infrastructure monitoring with the aim of early damage detection and acquiring the data required for urban management not only prevents sudden infrastructure collapse and increases service life and sustainability but also facilitates the management of smart cities including smart transportation sectors. In this context, smart geosynthetics can act as vital arteries for extracting and transmitting information about the states of the strain, stress, damage, deformation, and temperature of the systems into which they are incorporated in addition to their traditional infrastructural roles. This paper reviews the wide range of technologies, manufacturing techniques and processes, materials, and methods that have been used to date to develop smart geosynthetics to provide rational arguments on the current trends and utilise the operational trends as a guide for predicting what can be focused on in future researches. The various multifunctional geosynthetic applications and future challenges, as well as operational solutions, are also discussed and propounded to pave the way for developing applicable smart geosynthetics. This critical review will provide insight into the development of new smart geosynthetics with the contribution to civil engineering and construction industries.
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Mallick, S. B., H. Zhai, S. Adanur, and D. J. Elton. "Pullout and Direct Shear Testing of Geosynthetic Reinforcement: State-of-the-Art Report." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1534, no. 1 (January 1996): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153400112.
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The frictional characteristics of a soil-geosynthetic interface can be determined by direct shear and pullout tests. The direct shear test is commonly conducted according to ASTM standard D5321. However, at present there is no ASTM method for pullout testing of geosynthetics. During the past 10 years different researchers have obtained a wealth of information from direct shear and pullout tests of geosynthetics. A critical analysis of direct shear and pullout tests and an evaluation of the effects of fundamental material and testing parameters on test results are presented.
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Avani, Bisht Sachin Panwar Shubham Chauhan Vipin Rawat Sarim Khan Sagar Pokhrel Keerat Singh. "STUDY OF PERFORMANCE OF GEOGRID AND SOIL INTERFACE USING VERTICAL PULLOUT TEST." International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Scientific Research, Vol.4,, Issue 2, Feb-Apr-2017, (May 2, 2017): pp 49–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.570603.
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<em>The use of geosynthetics is to improve the performance of foundations when constructing on soft compressible foundation soils. The material properties of geosynthetics are important to their use in various applications. Geosynthetics have become well established construction materials for geotechnical and environmental applications in most parts of the world. This report presents a vertical pullout test (VPT) developed to measure the peak interface friction angle and cohesion between soil and planar geosynthetic products. Two types of geo-synthetic material of different sizes (150mm by 150mm and 300mm by 300mm) were evaluated using the pullout test. Series of pull-out tests were performed to study the interface characteristics between geogrids and soils. Two geogrids were used to investigate the interaction properties with clay. The function of geogrid reinforcement and the geogrid-soil interaction mechanism were mainly studied by experimental methods. </em>
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Wang, Danrong, Sheng-Lin Wang, Susan Tighe, Sam Bhat, and Shunde Yin. "Construction of Geosynthetic–Reinforced Pavements and Evaluation of Their Impacts." Applied Sciences 13, no. 18 (September 15, 2023): 10327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131810327.
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Geosynthetic materials (i.e., geogrids, geotextiles and other geocomposites) act as an interlayer system and are widely used in construction applications. In pavement structures, geosynthetic layers provide potential benefits such as reinforcement, reflective cracking mitigation, increased fatigue life, and improved drainage and filtering. However, few studies have addressed the installation and construction practices of geosynthetics in pavements. Furthermore, the study of geosynthetics and their contribution during construction are limited. In this paper, a full-scale field study was conducted and three trial sections were constructed; two types of geosynthetics, a fibreglass geogrid and a geogrid composite, were installed in the asphalt binder course and at the interface between the subgrade and base layer, respectively, to be compared with a control section without geosynthetic reinforcement. Trial sections were instrumented to monitor the pressure applied on the subgrade, the strain in the base lift of the asphalt binder course, the temperature, and the moisture within the pavement structure during construction. In addition, post-construction field testing was performed to measure the stiffness of the pavements after construction. The results indicated that geosynthetic-reinforced pavements can maintain pavement resilience during construction and significantly mitigate the disturbances caused by construction activities. The geogrid embedded in the asphalt layer was demonstrated to reduce the pressure at the subgrade caused by paving equipment by 70% compared with the control section, while simultaneously reducing the longitudinal and transverse strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer by 54% and 99%. Observations from the geogrid composite test section also demonstrate the potential to minimize the impacts of future freeze–thaw at the subgrade due to the improved drainage and indirect insulation effect.
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Kim, Woon-Hyung, Tuncer B. Edil, Craig H. Benson, and Burak F. Tanyu. "Structural Contribution of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Working Platforms in Flexible Pavement." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1936, no. 1 (January 2005): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193600106.
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A study was conducted in the field and with a large-scale model experiment (LSME) to evaluate the structural contribution of a 0.30-m-thick geosynthetic-reinforced granular layer used as a working platform for construction over soft subgrade. The study was conducted in the context of the 1993 AASHTO design guideline, in which the structural number (SN) of the pavement is based on layer coefficients (each defined using a resilient modulus). Working platforms reinforced with geosynthetics had smaller elastic deflections and larger elastic moduli than unreinforced working platforms with the same thickness. Reinforcement factors obtained in the field ranged from 1.2 to 1.8; those obtained in the laboratory ranged from 1.7 to 2.0, with greater reinforcement factors for the less extensible geosynthetics (geogrid, woven geotextile) for a 0.3-m-thick granular working platform. Of the four geosynthetics tested, the geogrid resulted in the greatest increase in modulus. Reinforcing the working platforms with geosynthetics resulted in increases in layer coefficients ranging from 50% to 70%. Similarly, increases in SN for a typical pavement structure were realized, ranging from 3% to 11% when all other factors were equal.
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Dąbrowska, Jolanta, Agnieszka Kiersnowska, Zofia Zięba, and Yuliia Trach. "Sustainability of Geosynthetics-Based Solutions." Environments 10, no. 4 (April 10, 2023): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments10040064.
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Sustainability emphasises the importance of increasing the resource efficiency of infrastructure. The usage of geosynthetic materials in civil and environmental engineering can significantly influence sustainability at the planning and design stages of infrastructure construction projects. They are used in many different applications in construction and environmental engineering, as they provide a better and longer performance and less costly solutions than traditional materials (such as sand, gravel, concrete and cement). Additional benefits can be achieved by combining geosynthetics with various recycled materials as substitutes for high-quality natural materials. In this paper, the importance of sustainability in geosynthetics-based solutions is discussed. The possibilities of using geosynthetics in sustainable development have been analysed and the benefits resulting from their application, such as the reduction in carbon footprint and release of greenhouse gases and saving water and other natural resources, have been assessed. Innovative solutions that support mitigation measures, adaptation to climate change and achievement of sustainable development goals have been presented.
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Fei, Kang. "A Simplified Method for Analysis of Geosynthetic Reinforcement Used in Pile Supported Embankments." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/273253.
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The inclusion of geosynthetic reinforcement in the piled embankment can help transfer loads to the piles and reduce total and differential settlements. In order to select the appropriate reinforcement material, the reasonable calculation of the deflection and tension is very important. Current design methods usually do not represent the true three-dimensional (3D) nature of the displacements, strains, and stresses of the geosynthetics, and the resulting error may be large and cannot be neglected in some cases. In this study, two- and three-dimensional finite element analyses were conducted to identify the behavior of geosynthetic reinforcement and investigate the accuracy of the assumptions made in the current design methods. Based on the numerical results, a new 3D deflected shape of the geosynthetic reinforcement was suggested, and then the corresponding governing equation was derived and solved based on the membrane theory. To investigate the validity of the proposed method, the predicted maximum deflection, deflection shape, and the developed tensile force of the geosynthetics have been compared with the experimental data collected from the literatures and finite element analysis results.
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Blond, Eric. "Durability of geomembranes in water transport applications." E3S Web of Conferences 368 (2023): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202336803001.
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A question frequently asked by engineers exposed for the first time to geosynthetics is: “how long do they last”. In this presentation, the author gives an overview of the service life of geosynthetics. Service life is analysed versus the design life and the carbon footprint associated to the construction of a structure. Factors affecting the performance of a geosynthetic used for sealing a canal are presented. A distinction is made between failures occurring because the product did not survive its installation, i.e., survivability-related; failures caused by an inadequate design of the product or the structure considering its environment of service, i.e., performance-related; or premature loss of function despite both installation and design were adequate, due to the inadequate choice or inadequate formulation of the material, i.e., durability-related. The various materials commonly used to waterproof a structure are reviewed, and it is shown that geomembranes are indeed the material of choice for waterproofing a geotechnical structure, such as a canal. Methods available to assess the service life which can be reasonably expected from various geosynthetics for a waterproofing function, such as in a canal or a dam. Field experiences are described, where some geosynthetics are still performing well after more than 60 years. Well-accepted predictive methods show that geosynthetics can last well-over a century in water-transport or water storage applications, especially when covered by soil or concrete to avoid UV exposure, to control their temperature, and to avoid accidental damage.
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Heerten, G. "Deformation of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Structures by Design, in the Lab and in the Field." Archives of Civil Engineering 57, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v.10169-011-0012-6.
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Abstract Green-geo-engineering with geosynthetic reinforced soil structures is of increasing practice around the world. Poland is among the leading countries with the third biggest geogrid market in Europe. The German EBGEO 2010 Guideline for Soil Reinforcement with Geosynthetics as first European Guideline for Geosynthetics linked to the Eurocode 7, and the new design code for Japanese railway structures under seismic loading are introduced. New research results from the Geotechnical Institute of the RWTH Aachen, Germany, dealing with the soil/reinforcement interaction and new approaches for design codes for the reinforcement of base courses in traffic areas based on lab and field tests in the USA are presented.
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Petriaev, A. V., and V. N. Paramonov. "Deformation model of a ballast prism, stabilized by geosynthetics, under heavy axial load." E3S Web of Conferences 549 (2024): 03028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454903028.
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The purpose of the study is to develop a mathematical model describing the deformation process of crushed stone ballast stabilized by geosynthetics. To achieve this goal, an elastic-viscoplastic soil model with a layers of geosynthetics has been adapted and certified. As a result of numerical modeling using FEM, the main mechanism for reducing the magnitude of plastic deformations of railway ballast during its stabilization by geosynthetic materials has been revealed. The aim of the work is to develop a methodology that makes it possible to reasonably assign measures to increase the load-bearing capacity and reduce the deformability of the substructure railway track.
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Mirzapour Mounes, Sina, Mohamed Rehan Karim, Ali Khodaii, and Mohammad Hadi Almasi. "Improving Rutting Resistance of Pavement Structures Using Geosynthetics: An Overview." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/764218.
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A pavement structure consists of several layers for the primary purpose of transmitting and distributing traffic loads to the subgrade. Rutting is one form of pavement distresses that may influence the performance of road pavements. Geosynthetics is one type of synthetic materials utilized for improving the performance of pavements against rutting. Various studies have been conducted on using different geosynthetic materials in pavement structures by different researchers. One of the practices is a reinforcing material in asphalt pavements. This paper intends to present and discuss the discoveries from some of the studies on utilizing geosynthetics in flexible pavements as reinforcement against permanent deformation (rutting).
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Zielinski, P. "Investigations of Geosynthetic Interlayer Bonding in Asphalt Layers / Badania Połaczen Miedzywarstwowych W Warstwach Asfaltowych Z Geosyntetykiem." Archives of Civil Engineering 57, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 401–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v.10169-011-0029-x.
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Abstract The paper presents the results of an extensive investigation of asphalt concrete specimens with geosynthetic interlayer. The subject of this research is evaluation of influence of geosynthetics interlayer applied to bituminous pavements on interlayer bonding of specimens. The results of the tests proves that when geosynthetic is used, the bonding of interlayer depends mainly on the type of bituminous mixture, the type of geosynthetic, and the type and amount of bitumen used for saturation and sticking of geosynthetic. The amount of bitumen used in order to saturate and fix the geosynthetic significantly changes the interlayer bonding of specimens.
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Mangraviti, V., L. Flessati, and C. di Prisco. "A rheological model for georeinforced embankments based on piled foundations." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1260, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1260/1/012014.
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Abstract Concrete columns are commonly used methods to improve the performances of embankments on soft soil strata. To further reduce settlements and stresses on the soft foundation soil, geosynthetic reinforcements are often installed at the base of embankments. Existing design methods for these “geostructures” commonly does not take into consideration both the effect of the embankment construction process and the stiffness of the system components (embankment, soft soil, column and geosynthetics) as design parameters. As a consequence, these approaches do not allow the estimation of the settlements at the top of the embankment. In this paper a new rheological model capable of assessing both tensile forces in the geosynthetic and settlements at the embankment top induced by the construction process is presented. In this model, the variables defining the system performance (tensile forces in geosynthetics, stresses acting on piles and settlements) are explicitly related to the embankment height, interpreted as a generalized loading variable. The model has been validated on the results of 3D numerical analyses.
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Malicki, Konrad, Jarosław Górszczyk, and Zuzana Dimitrovová. "Recycled Polyester Geosynthetic Influence on Improvement of Road and Railway Subgrade Bearing Capacity— Laboratory Investigations." Materials 14, no. 23 (November 27, 2021): 7264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14237264.
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After years of using geosynthetics in civil engineering and infrastructure construction, it has recently become necessary to consider the possibility of recycling and reusing these materials. This paper presents the results of laboratory tests of the effect of recycled geogrid on the bearing capacity of soils using a CBR test. A polyester geosynthetic was selected for testing due to its high resistance to biodegradation and wide application. In a series of laboratory tests, two types of road and railway subgrade were used, mixed with geosynthetic cuttings in two different weight concentrations. The aim of the research was to demonstrate whether old demolition geosynthetics could be used to strengthen road and rail subgrade as recycled material. The influence of the geosynthetic cutting shape was also considered. The obtained results confirm the possibility of using recycled geogrid to improve the bearing capacity of the pavement subgrade, at least under these laboratory conditions. In the case of sand, the use of 2.0% additive causes that the poorly compacted soil obtains sufficient bearing capacity for the layer of road improved subgrade. As expected, the level of this improvement depends on the type of soil and the shape of geogrid cuttings.
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Roodi, Gholam H., Amr M. Morsy, and Jorge G. Zornberg. "Soil–Geosynthetic Interface Shear in Different Testing Scales." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 52 (May 4, 2018): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118758631.
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Geosynthetics have been used to improve mechanical performance of roadway layers (e.g., geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt, geosynthetic-stabilized bases) and a wide range of transportation infrastructures (e.g., geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls). A key aspect in understanding soil–geosynthetic interaction mechanisms involved in each application includes characterization of the interface between geosynthetics and adjacent materials. This study evaluates soil–geosynthetic interface shear in various pullout test scales including standard, smaller than standard, and larger than standard scales. Experimental results obtained from tests conducted in each scale were analyzed to determine the soil–geosynthetic interface shear model. An iteration procedure, similar to that used in t–z analysis of pile loading, was developed to simulate incremental geosynthetic movements. Shape and parameters of the interface shear model were changed to minimize the residual error between experimental and simulated data. It was found that mobilization of the interface shear in the small-scale test differs from that in the standard- and large-scale tests. In the standard- and large-scale tests, the ultimate soil–geosynthetic interface shear mobilized at comparatively small displacements, which could be represented by a linear plastic interface shear model. In the small-scale test, however, the interface shear developed in two phases. A portion of the ultimate interface shear mobilized at comparatively small displacements while additional resistance continued to mobilize at extended displacements. Consequently, the development of interface shear resistance in the standard- and large-scale tests was found to depend on progressive increase of the geosynthetic mobilized length, whereas in the small-scale test the interface shear resistance developed by displacement of the entire geosynthetic.
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Hoyme, H., L. Vollmert, and H. Ehrenberg. "Plastic in the ocean and global warming: New challenges for geosynthetics." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1260, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1260/1/012022.
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Abstract The application of geosynthetics is state of the art onshore, at the coast and offshore. Geosynthetics complement conventional construction methods, or even replace them and generate advantages for the client, the designer and even more for the environment, e.g. by reducing carbon footprint. Decades of research and experience have resulted in standards and products, which are optimised for long-term performance and reliable application. Geosynthetics, by definition, are products covered by soil and thus protected against impacts or abrasion. As they are often used in contact to water, they are tested to be groundwater neutral. On the other hand, however, concerns about the use of plastic are omnipresent and must be taken into account. In some very limited but not negligible applications, temporary or periodical environmental influences have to be discussed, e.g. permanently or temporarily uncovered geotextile applications such as scour protection measures, coastal protection or riverbed stabilisation. As the geosynthetics, beside their technical beneficial use, can be subject to abrasion in this limited range of applications, further options for optimisation shall be discussed. One possible alternative is to design geosynthetics from or with the use of biodegradable raw materials. The subject of this article is the presentation of geosynthetic products made from alternative raw materials which biodegrade after their planned period of use. Other applications may require a defined degradation process over time, for example erosion control products. Making use of biodegradable materials, the potential risk of causing damage to the flora and fauna in case of an undesirable entry into the environment can be limited.
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James, Jijo, Sivapriya Vijayasimhan, Hemavathi Srinivasan, Jayasri Arulselvan, Sathya Purushothaman, and Murali Paramasivam. "A Comparative Laboratory Investigation into the Role of Geosynthetics in the Initial Swell Control of an Expansive Soil." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 29, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 18–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2019-0042.
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Abstract Volume change in expansive soils due to the intervention of water causes swell. A laboratory investigation using two different gbeosynthetic materials was designed to minimise the swell characteristics. The influence of three parameters, being geosynthetic material [Secutex (ST) and Combigrid (CG)], orientation (horizontal and vertical), and number of layers (1, 2, and 3) on the swell of an expansive soil was studied to better understand the potential for geosynthetics in swell control. The study on the immediate swell characteristics (limited to 24 hours) helps in gaining confidence in the use of geosynthetics in the swell control of expansive soils. From the investigation results, it was found that all three parameters, being type of material, orientation, and number of layers influenced the swell control of the soil. When two layers of ST and CG were placed both vertically and crossed, they reduced the swell of the virgin soil by almost 60% and 44%, respectively. It can, therefore, be concluded that geosynthetics can play an effective role in the swell control of expansive soils.
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Luiza Santos Giron Margalho and Larissa da Silva Paes Cardoso. "Review on the Use of Recyclable and Biodegradable Materials as Geosynthetics." JOURNAL OF BIOENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY APPLIED TO HEALTH 4, no. 2 (July 25, 2021): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.34178/jbth.v4i2.165.
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The emergence of geosynthetics changed many aspects of the project and construction of civil and environmental works. Due to the existence of a wide variety of products and the constant advancement in the development and dissemination of new technologies. These materials are applied in different engineering solutions, highlighting the possibility of using recyclable and biodegradable materials and executing geotechnical and environmental works ranging from the control of erosion to the protection of groundwater. In this context, this work presents a literature review on the use of recyclable and biodegradable materials as geosynthetic products, as well as their association with traditional geosynthetics for solutions in engineering works. The review was carried out through the platforms Google Scholar and Portal of Journals of CAPES, using keywords and Boolean connectors as descriptors. It is observed that there is a potential for the use of recyclable and biodegradable materials as geosynthetics. However, there is still a need for a careful assessment concerning the benefits, limitations, and impacts caused by the use of these wastes.
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Paiva, Lucas, Margarida Pinho-Lopes, António Miguel Paula, and Robertt Valente. "3D Numerical Modeling of Geosynthetics for Soil Reinforcement: A Bibliometric Analysis and Literature Review." Geotechnics 4, no. 2 (June 18, 2024): 673–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geotechnics4020036.
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Soil reinforcement using geosynthetics is an efficient and cost-effective solution for a variety of geotechnical structures. Along with the increasing use of geosynthetics, there is a need to expand and enhance the design methodologies for these elements, which are still frequently based on conservative limit equilibrium approaches. In this paper, a bibliometric analysis was conducted on geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures (GRS), identifying the state of the art, research trends, and other indicators. The data were obtained from the Scopus platform and processed by VOSViewer v1.6 software. The initial search comprised 552 papers and the screening process selected 516 relevant papers from 1992 to October 2023. The study analyzed the occurrence of publications by year, keyword trends, authors, citations/co-citations, and bibliographic coupling. Then, a focus was given to 3D modeling research on geosynthetics, highlighting the dominant modeling techniques, material properties, and design challenges in GRS. The bibliometric analysis provided a crucial guideline in the identification of relevant papers and research trends, and a series of conclusions were presented regarding the 3D modeling techniques, choice of material properties, and boundary conditions.
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Olinic, Tatiana, and Ernest Daniel Olinic. "The role of geosynthetic materials and vegetation on slope erosional control: Results of scale model tests." E3S Web of Conferences 569 (2024): 09004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456909004.
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Geosynthetic materials for erosion control have the potential to significantly reduce the soil loss and to ensure the shallow stability of slopes. The paper presents the results of a scale model tests of a 2:3 (V:H) slope made from a very erodible soil, a sandy soil without and with 5 cm of topsoil, with and without vegetation, without and with different types of geosynthetics for erosional control. The slope models were subjected to heavy rainfall using a rainfall simulator. Results of the study show that the geosynthetics and vegetation generates a delay in the erosion process caused by the raindrops. Another result highlighted in this paper is the fact that the roots system improves the soil shear strength of the upper soil mass.
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Liu, J., C. Lin, and S. Pokharel. "Application of material point method in modeling soil-geosynthetics interactions-a literature survey." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1335, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1335/1/012001.
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Abstract The material point method (MPM) has garnered significant attention in recent years owing to its advantages in solving soil–water-structure interaction problems involving large deformations in geotechnical engineering. The MPM combines the benefits of point-based and mesh-based approaches (finite element method) with both Eulerian computational mesh and continuum descriptions of materials. The successful integration of MPM in simulated landslides, internal erosion, and excavation has been frequently reported. However, solving the soil–geosynthetic interaction problem with the MPM has not been explored, although such problems often entail large deformations. The goal of this study is to collate studies on the simulation of geosynthetics and their interactions with soil using MPM. This paper first discusses the basics of MPM and the formation of thin membrane materials using MPM. It also includes limited applications of MPM in simulating soil–geosynthetic interactions. The applications demonstrate that the MPM is particularly effective in resolving large deformation problems associated with geosynthetics, including problems of landfill settlement, reinforced-slope stability, and geocontainer dropping.
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Henry, Karen S., and Robert D. Holtz. "Geocomposite capillary barriers to reduce frost heave in soils." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 38, no. 4 (August 1, 2001): 678–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t01-010.
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We investigated the potential for geosynthetic capillary barriers to reduce frost heave in soils by freezing upright, cylindrical soil specimens with horizontal disks of geosynthetics placed in them. During freezing, water was freely available at 25 mm above the base of 150 mm high specimens. The geosynthetics were located 5 mm above the water supply. We measured frost heave and final water content profiles of specimens containing geosynthetic capillary barriers and control specimens. The thermal conditions of the tests were typical of pavements in cold regions. Geotextiles prepared to simulate field conditions (i.e., moistened and containing soil fines) failed to significantly reduce frost heave. However, geocomposites comprising needle-punched polypropylene geotextiles sandwiching a drainage net, prepared in the same way as the moistened geotextiles containing soil fines, reduced frost heave when the soil water suction head in the overlying soil was 1800 mm or more. The geocomposites did not significantly reduce heave when the soil water suction head in the overlying soil was 800 mm or less. This is probably due to water migration between the two layers of soil, through the geotextiles and along the net of the geocomposite.Key words: capillary barrier, frost heave, geosynthetic, geotextile, geocomposite, soil freezing.
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Avani, Bisht1, Panwar2 Sachin, Chauhan3 Shubham, Rawat4 Vipin, Khan5 Sarim, Pokhrel6 Sagar, and Singh7 Keerat. "STUDY OF PERFORMANCE OF GEOGRID AND SOIL INTERFACE USING VERTICAL PULLOUT TEST." International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Scientific Research 4, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 49–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10774892.
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<strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong> <em>The use of geosynthetics is to improve the performance of foundations when constructing on soft compressible foundation soils. The material properties of geosynthetics are important to their use in various applications. Geosynthetics have become well established construction materials for geotechnical and environmental applications in most parts of the world. This report presents a vertical pullout test (VPT) developed to measure the peak interface friction angle and cohesion between<strong> </strong>soil and planar geosynthetic products. Two types of geo-synthetic material of different sizes (150mm by 150mm and 300mm by 300mm) were evaluated using the pullout test. Series of pull-out tests were performed to study the interface characteristics between geogrids and soils. Two geogrids were used to investigate the interaction properties with clay. The function of geogrid reinforcement and the geogrid-soil interaction mechanism were mainly studied by experimental methods. </em> <strong><em>KEYWORDS -</em></strong><em> geo-synthetic material, cohesive soil, vertical pull-out test, triaxial shear test.</em>