Tesis sobre el tema "Gendarmerie et police des colonies"
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Fall, Papis. "Les déportés de la Sénégambie et du Soudan : entre résistances et répressions dans un espace colonial de 1840 à 1946". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL074.
Texto completoThe problem of deportation or deportees from West Africa during the colonial era is not sufficiently addressed by French- and even English-speaking African historiography, which has focused more on wars, resistances and their different forms. In doing so, a reality of a part of colonial history remains more or less unknown. That is why we would like to study the following theme, which has been and remains of burning topicality: "The deportees of Senegambia and Sudan: between resistance and repression in a colonial space from 1840 to 1946". The actors in this story of the deportees are emblematic figures and/or simple anonymous, who wanted to defend the land of their ancestors, direct the destinies of their peoples, fight for the maintenance of African values and traditions. The history of "these soldiers of refusal" – namely religious leaders, fighters in the service of Islam and ancestral values or beliefs and political leaders to which are added the mentally insane, social bandits and delinquents, men of the press, supporters and/or followers of leaders and even Senegalese riflemen – deserves to be examined. This thesis is part of the questions of a colonial history attentive to the issues of repression and the maintenance of order. Faced with the manifest refusal of the leaders of troops or creators of emotions to resign themselves to the colonial diktat, the response given by the colonial authorities was, among other things, to deport/imprison them, to house arrest, to prohibit them from staying, to cut them off all forms of communication, any contact with their entourage and thus put them out of harm's way. In many cases, it was a form of imprisonment, which leads us to the study of the prison environment that reveals the forms of avoidance, the living conditions of the deportees, the architecture related to security issues, etc. The application of this technique of repression, part of the logic of security policies, was a way of slowing down the momentum of the leaders and annihilating all colonial resistance. The study we wish to conduct aims above all to identify the decisive place of deportation in the system of colonial repression, in the maintenance of security order, political control, control of people and spaces, for the exploitation of colonies. The chronological framework that this work attempts to illuminate goes from 1840 to 1946, a pivotal period in colonial history in West Africa, particularly in Senegambia and Sudan, in that it is marked by rapid transformations at all levels (political, economic, social and cultural). Was deportation so fundamental, so necessary for the realization of the colonial project, the maintenance of security order? To what extent did the deportees constitute a real obstacle, an obstacle to the establishment and imposition of colonial power? What was the role of law enforcement actors in the deportation process? This thesis explores major themes such as the contexts of deportation, the abuse of power by colonial administrators, indigénat and indigenous justice, the motivations of deportation, the multiple responses of indigenous people, their arrest and deportation, the place of agents/actors (army, gendarmerie and colonial police) in maintaining, restoring and/or protecting stability and the politico-economic consequences of such a "technique of power"
Jourdan, Julien. "Gendarmerie et pratiques judiciaires". Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32000.
Texto completoInescapable actor of the safety of the French people, the National Gendarmerie is a state police force which insures the law and order of our country for several centuries. However this strength of safety is not alone to hold this role, because the other actors also work in this domain. If various texts govern the organization of these various strengths of safety, their repressive frame of action is governed only by a single code: the Code of criminal procedure, which defines strictly the possibilities of investigations and the coercive powers of these actors, while guaranteeing the respect for the personal freedoms. From then on, if a single code governs the common law, we can wonder to see evoking the specificity of one of the actors, the gendarmerie, in the judicial domain. The object of this study is exactly to establish that while respecting the measures of the Code of criminal procedure, the gendarmerie, because of the peculiarity of its military status, and its territorial presence has a judicial practice which is appropriate for her. So, the gendarmerie practises its mission of Criminal Investigation Department differently from the other repressive actors. This peculiarity enriches the police plurality, and strengthens the autonomy of the justice, while contributing to the separation of the powers. The specificity of the gendarmerie thus joins in a dual police system, and results from its militarité. To understand the militarity of the gendarmerie, and its importance for the judicial level, it is thus necessary to know its history, knowledge that its development was made by taking into account vast territories on which she insures the law and order, to describe her application of the military methods in her missions of police. All this allows then to arrest better the judicial practice of the gendarmerie, while trying hard to put her in perspective with the dual police system, which evolves henceforth within a unique ministry of the internal safety
Matelly, Jean-Hugues. "Gendarmerie et police judiciaire criminelle : l'enquêteur face à l'organisation". Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10030.
Texto completoThe gendarmerie, a military force, is distinguished by a pyramidal hierarchical organization applied to a territorial and non-functional division. In the field of criminal investigation (CI), this model generates internal tensions. The judicial and police system is focused on some priority cases, due to their media coverage. Crime is thus the fact stigmatised in live by the public opinion. For the gendarmerie, matters mostly a criminal investigation department fit to answer this public commotion. To this end, a specialization more displayed than real seems to be enough. As regards as mass delinquency, in order to give results corresponding to the expectations of the authorities, the gendarmes know for a long time how to play with statistics. However, the investigators say they are fascinated with their job, a passion that is underemployed due to human resources management, which doesn't acknowledge much skills. They consider a real specialization of CI is necessary. Those expectations come up against the inflexibility of a general bureaucratic organization, which considers every specialization as a threat or a meddling of experts in the sovereign prerogatives of the military chief. This resistance is the expression of conflicts, particularly between officers from high military schools and officers from gendarmerie. For the first ones, who monopolize the strategic positions, the creation of a specialized division would further the development of an other power, owned by the expert officers who master the judicial field and could use the criminal investigation, favoured by medias, to increase their influence
Derambarsh, Arash. "Fichiers de police, un encadrement légal et sociétal dans un contexte controversé". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010278.
Texto completoThis thesis is dedicated to the understanding of police files and to their compatibility with Human rights. Also, it questions both potential Human rights and individual freedom violations behind such acronyms: FAED, FNAEG, FIJAIS, STIC, JUDEX, FPR, FRG, FVVS, FIT, FNFM, SDRF, SIS-Schengen, N-SIS, FAC, FCA,FPIS, SDRF, AGRIPA FDST, FOS, CIBLE, FIP, STUC, FTIVV, SCPPB, TREIMA, RAPACE, FAR, FNPE, FSCP, SALVAC, FNT, FBS, FTPJ, FS-PORA or FNPC. While leading an investigation, the vigilance shall then be doubled: On one hand, investigators (police and customs) should be provided with relevant and sufficient information so as to lead their inquisition and to collect enough evidence (Loppsi 2). On the other hand, the Human rights of each citizen have to be insured against abuse and misuse of information. In 2009, The CNIL (National Commissionon Informatics and Liberty) revealed that 83 % of the data of the STIC was not accurate.Data related to victims and to their offender is then stored (identity, date and place of birth, nationalities addresses). Some crimes files even reveal information related to the ethnical or racial origins of the parties, information related to their political and religious opinions, and information related to their health or to their sexual life. In case of any information misuse, recourse to justice seems to be very limited. In France, no law supports the opposition of a party to access data related to his/her identity. This is an exception made to the Informatics and Liberty Law (according to the Law 78-17 dated January 6th 1978 modified)
Alfano, Nicolas. "De l'autorité au soutien : rôles et usages des rôles dans le commandement en gendarmerie départementale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0595.
Texto completoThe Gendarmerie nationale is a military institution and one of the two French national police forces, with responsibilities regarding population security in rural and suburban areas. Due to public management reforms and several social movements, this institution is currently experiencing important changes in people management. As a result, the set of game rules that applies to command itself is subject to modifications. The gendarme condition – meaning the entire scale of rights, obligations and missions attached to the position – is evolving and traditional postures, based on disciplinary attitudes and availability standards, are weackened. This study focuses on the day-to-day work of officers in command positions and how these chiefs handle their new situation. Based on an ethnographic approach, the research process analyzes chief-work throught a set of roles, which are discused as means for action in a strategy-based approach. It shows how certain officers in command position choose to reshape the way they make use of their roles, adopting a support based posture rather than a more traditional authority based posture
Champchesnel, Hélène de. "La gendarmerie en Syrie et au Liban pendant la seconde guerre mondiale". Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040095.
Texto completoThe French Gendarmerie accompanied the French Army thoughout the duration of the mandates in Lebanon and Syria. The uncovering of the veritable institutional identity of this organisation, the provostship, the colonial or the departmental Gendarmerie, comes within the framework of a more general understanding of the complex relationships of mandated territories. The Syrian campaign, of June 1941, the French fought against French, marking a distinct rupture in the Near East : the Levant and the FFL provostships concerned two different human entities. The engaging of the Gendarmerie in all of the Near East conflicts, particularly in the 1945 uprising, and the evolution of the relationship between the French, Lebanese and Syrian Gendarmeries, are symbolic of the French attitude toward the rising of Arab nationalism
Chichignoud, Christelle. "Territoires de la sécurité, territoires de l'insécurité en France à travers le rôle des forces de police et de gendarmerie". Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA083626.
Texto completoThis geography study tries to understand how the territorial inequalities, which exist at various levels in the exposure to the delinquency risk, can be related to the difficulties of "gendarmerie" and police organization. Starting from a central question "Which safety for which territories, which insecurity on which territory?", this study proposes to examine the diagnoses retained for the installation of the public policies of safety and the mobilization of the actors "police" and "gendarmerie". We try to understand rivalries which surround the role and the means reserved for these same actors. Lastly, in a case study in Isere, the police and the "gendarmerie" are studied in "their" respective territories
Panel, Louis N. "« Forcer, au besoin, leur obéissance » ? : la Gendarmerie nationale et la Grande Guerre des Français (1914-1918)". Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040072.
Texto completoBecause of its long duration as much as because of the vast number of troops engaged, the First World War posed the problem of maintaining order and discipline in the French armies in a particularly acute form. The task fell in a large part to the Gendarmerie, detachments of which were stationed in the armies’ sector since the outbreak of war. On several occasions the Gendarmerie had been reorganized. After having supervised the mobilization, it provided security for army movements and was responsible for traffic control. In the troop encampments the gendarmes of the military police enforced obedience to orders and ensured the implementation of directives from the (army) command. During the battle, they were arranged in roadblocks to repress deserters, whom they pursued up to the inland. Among their duties, there was also the administration and surveillance of military prisons, a task soon recognised to be a ‘nightmare’ for the service. In certain circumstances, when large masses of troops were jam-packed together, the Gendarmerie even assumed responsibility for soldiers’ personal hygiene and welfare. However, by the end of the war, the men’s respect for the Gendarmerie had declined markedly, evidenced by the spreading of the legend of gendarmes hanged by the rank-and-file
Mouhanna, Christian. "Police et justice face au citoyen : le repli bureaucratique". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0025.
Texto completoPanel, Louis N. "« Forcer, au besoin, leur obéissance » ? : la Gendarmerie nationale et la Grande Guerre des Français (1914-1918)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040072.
Texto completoBecause of its long duration as much as because of the vast number of troops engaged, the First World War posed the problem of maintaining order and discipline in the French armies in a particularly acute form. The task fell in a large part to the Gendarmerie, detachments of which were stationed in the armies’ sector since the outbreak of war. On several occasions the Gendarmerie had been reorganized. After having supervised the mobilization, it provided security for army movements and was responsible for traffic control. In the troop encampments the gendarmes of the military police enforced obedience to orders and ensured the implementation of directives from the (army) command. During the battle, they were arranged in roadblocks to repress deserters, whom they pursued up to the inland. Among their duties, there was also the administration and surveillance of military prisons, a task soon recognised to be a ‘nightmare’ for the service. In certain circumstances, when large masses of troops were jam-packed together, the Gendarmerie even assumed responsibility for soldiers’ personal hygiene and welfare. However, by the end of the war, the men’s respect for the Gendarmerie had declined markedly, evidenced by the spreading of the legend of gendarmes hanged by the rank-and-file
Nativité, Jean-François. "Culture d'ordre et identités régionales : la gendarmerie dans les départements pyrénéens (1939-1944)". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30055.
Texto completoAppearing among the first studies of the new historical building site of the national Gendarmerie, this work endeavours to revisit under the ignored angle of the frontier Pyrenean departments of Spain, the delicate question of the role of the police force lasting the Second World War. The central interrogation of this PhD rests on the physical and psychic upheavals of a police force with military statute subjected to various destabilizing factors. While taking on the one hand as bases initial the specific structure, the legal framework, the missions and the state of mind which constitute the identity of the gendarmerie of pre-war period and on the other hand, compost political, economic and psychological Pyrenean, the objective is to cross the endogenous and exogenic data related to the reorganization of the weapon of the Forties, to obtain a behavioural typology able to answer three types of interrogations. First of all, how the gendarmes stationed in the Pyrenees did live the countryside of 1939-1940 and which was their contribution to the effort of war ? Then, for the period of the Occupation born of the defeat of France, whereas the near total of Pyrenean space remains in free zone until November 1942, up to what point were the local gendarmes concerned with the ordinances taken by the winners ? Which was the resultant of the transformations wanted by the mode of Vichy and of the new tasks imposed to the gendarmes in post office at the Spanish border ? Lastly, in an area which was presented a long time in the form of a territory being even released to him of the yoke of the occupant, how did the gendarmes pass the course of the Release and the re-establishment of republican legality ? To the favour of the welding symbolic system of the year 1939, the first part of this reflexion attempts to point out and define the place of the gendarmerie as military body in charge of the maintenance of law and order, in the context Pyrenean socio-history. This assessment of competences wants to be before just like a feature of union connecting the chain of times and being used of point of inking for comprehension of the posterior metamorphoses. The second part of this work is it reserved for the "ways of the abyss", this event-driven trajectory, which fall of Barcelona to the total occupation of the Pyrenees in November 1942, subjected the local gendarmerie of the lawful, functional and psychological distortion with which it was not prepared. Finally to finish, the last part of this study is devoted to the period going of the winter 1942 at the end of November 1944, which marks the resurgence and the found independence of the national Gendarmerie
Glasman, Joël. "Les corps habillés : genèse des métiers de police au Togo (1885-1963)". Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070040.
Texto completoThe Corps habillés (members of security forces) are a central professional field within the Togolese State apparatus. In colonial times, a third of the State's African employees worked in law enforcement institutions (Garde Indigène, Tirailleurs, Milice, Police, Gendarmerie, etc. ). This study explores the genesis and structure of this professional field. This is neither an institutional study (which would consider each of these institutions separately) nor is this study structured around a teleological reading of the history of police (which would consider the civil police as the result of a linear process of modernization of the state. ) The law enforcement institutions constituted a specific social space, characterized both by material (military camp, wage labor) and symbolic (language of the uniform, discourse of 'martial race', colonial masculinity) structures. This professional field was transformed in the1940s by the process of bureaucratization of the state, which brought about new methods for civil servants such as population control (police reports, records, daybooks, etc. ). This led to a widespread conflict about the skills required in the exercise this profession, since the recruitment of staff on the basis of their education level disqualified the military skills formerly valued within this professional field (marksmanship, military discipline, fighting techniques, etc. ). This conflict eventually found its climax in the military coup of 1963, in which Togo's first president Sylvanus Olympio was assassinated
Alfano, Nicolas. "De l'autorité au soutien : rôles et usages des rôles dans le commandement en gendarmerie départementale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0595.
Texto completoThe Gendarmerie nationale is a military institution and one of the two French national police forces, with responsibilities regarding population security in rural and suburban areas. Due to public management reforms and several social movements, this institution is currently experiencing important changes in people management. As a result, the set of game rules that applies to command itself is subject to modifications. The gendarme condition – meaning the entire scale of rights, obligations and missions attached to the position – is evolving and traditional postures, based on disciplinary attitudes and availability standards, are weackened. This study focuses on the day-to-day work of officers in command positions and how these chiefs handle their new situation. Based on an ethnographic approach, the research process analyzes chief-work throught a set of roles, which are discused as means for action in a strategy-based approach. It shows how certain officers in command position choose to reshape the way they make use of their roles, adopting a support based posture rather than a more traditional authority based posture
Chetrit, Thierry. "Sécurité intérieure et criminalité contemporaine en France". Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020016/document.
Texto completoThe essential condition for the exercise of individual and collective freedoms roots itself in the notion of security, it is the cornerstone of the republican contract and the main concern of our leaders and citizens. It must be said that contemporary crime, a multi-causal phenomenon, has changed considerably, in its scope and in its basic nature, requiring, in respect of fundamental freedoms, the implementation of an ambitious security policy. Thus, some current legislation has been formulated on order to highlight the areas of highest priority for internal security and justice. Those legislations are base on one hand around some structural reforms under the sign of deepened cooperation between security bodies, and on the other hand, through a willing to provide an overall new legal and administrative framework. Adding to this throughout system which stands to fight against contemporary crime, criminalistics appears to be a key instrument. Notably playing an indispensable role in the conduct of criminal investigations, it is a leading force, to a large extent in the repression of crime and offenses in general within the overall system of internal security. Hence and notwithstanding the administration of criminal evidence by criminalistics is presented as a rational solution in the treatment of physical evidence in order to discover the truth. It is only a complementary solution and a simple help given to support the science of investigation. The future of the system lies in a greater exploration of this resource as it will enable the system to become more efficient. Thus, it is only through an uncompromising stance, utilizing knowledge from criminalistics and an ambitious advanced renovation of the institutional and legal framework, that the state will curb contemporary crime
Fombonne, Jacques. "L'exercice de la police technique et scientifique par la gendarmerie nationale : une solution rationnelle apportée pour le traitement de l'indice matériel, à la question de la preuve ne matière pénale". Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020057.
Texto completoThe purpose of this thesis is to set out the means that the national gendarmerie has at its disposal in orde to carry on technical and scientific police (or forensic science) : i. E staff, equipment and training ressorces to which must be added matters of use regulations. This presentation goes together with a correlative study of the facilities which are set up for the national police. Forensic science - whose various definitions are specified in the thesis - being based u pon the technical processing of material evidence, the initial developments endeavoured to underscore an analytical approach to the status of that piece of evidence - in ancient civilizations as well as in positive law - as legal evidence for the prosecution. This study was designed to result in an attempt to classify evidence and in the underlining of the necessity of a forensic operating of pieces of evidence as the only solution for the procedure evolution towards rationalism
Forestier, Anna. "Défendre son territoire. Milices et sociétés coloniales dans l’empire français (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL057.
Texto completoThe militia, throughout the French empire, emerged as a new colonial institution, moving away from these metropolitan models, but under the influence of sovereign power. From the first gatherings of armed men to a strongly established institution, the militia gradually became uniform from the end of the 17th century; although local resistance to unifying power is rooted in particular contexts, notably in the constitution of societies. From a military institution, especially in the early days of colonisation, it broadened its functions, and appeared at the end of the Ancien Régime as an auxiliary to defence, but above all as a central player in internal security, policing the inhabitants as well as the slaves in the quartiers. A large proportion of colonial male society served in colonial militias. All men between the ages of fifteen and fifty-five were subject to this service. A few exempt men avoided service as officers of the law, thus creating a clearer demarcation between the two institutions during the 18th century. Militia officers, chosen from the local elite, constituted a central level of colonial society. The militia service was mainly organized around reviews, exercises and guards, the frequency of which was very irregular and became less frequent over time. The burden of the service then shifted to other groups through the integration and militarisation of free people of colour and slaves at the end of the Ancien Régime
Bernard, Dominique. "La commission d'enquête sur des opérations policières en territoire québécois : portée réelle et limites du rapport Keable". Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1092/1/M10390.pdf.
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