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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Functional communites"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de mayo de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Functional communites"

NWAEDOZIE, Obianuju Chinekwu y Caleb Ademola Omuwa GBIRI. "Gait Function and its Association with Functional Independence, Quality of Life, and Community Reintegration in Stroke Survivors." International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health 10, n.º 04 (11 de abril de 2024): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-10-04-27.

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Background and Aims: The major outcome of stroke rehabilitation is the recovery of the ability to walk. However, a large proportion of stroke survivors are discharged to the community with gait deficiency which impairs their functional independence, and quality of life increasing the burden of care on caregivers especially their lack of functioning in the community. This study assessed the gait functional performance in community-dwelling stroke survivors and explored its association with functional independence, quality of life, and community reintegration in community-dwelling stroke survivors. Materials and methods: This study involved 115(59 males and 56 females) community-dwelling stroke survivors. Their gait functional performance was assessed using the 10-meter walk test (10MWT) while their functional independence was assessed with the functional independence measure (FIM). Their quality of life (QoL) was assessed using the Stroke-specific QoL scale while community functioning and productivity were assessed using the community integration questionnaire (CIQ). Their scores on the assessments were compared with the normative data of their age and sex-matched healthy individuals. Data was analysed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient and Chi-Square at p<.05. Results: Participants’ ages ranged between 27 to 78 years (mean=60.48±37.84 years). More participants (56.7%) had right hemispheric lesions and 43.3% had lesions in the left hemisphere. Their gait function, functional independence performance, QoL, and community reintegration functions were significantly (p<0.05) lower than their age and sex-matched normative data. There was a significant (p<0.05) association and relationship between their gait functional performance and each of the functional independence performance, QoL, community reintegration, and productivity. Conclusion: Gait functional performance in community-dwelling stroke survivors is significantly lower than in age and sex-matched healthy individuals and it is significantly associated with low functional independence performance, low quality of life, poor community functioning, and lack of productivity in stroke survivors, Abnormal gait pattern is related to poor functional independence, poor quality of life and low productivity.

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Vivero-Gomez, Rafael J., Víctor A. Castañeda-Monsalve, María Claudia Atencia, Richard Hoyos-Lopez, Gregory D. Hurst, Gloria Cadavid-Restrepo y Claudia Ximena Moreno-Herrera. "Molecular phylogeny of heritable symbionts and microbiota diversity analysis in phlebotominae sand flies and Culex nigripalpus from Colombia". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, n.º 12 (20 de diciembre de 2021): e0009942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009942.

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Background Secondary symbionts of insects include a range of bacteria and fungi that perform various functional roles on their hosts, such as fitness, tolerance to heat stress, susceptibility to insecticides and effects on reproduction. These endosymbionts could have the potential to shape microbial communites and high potential to develop strategies for mosquito-borne disease control. Methodology/Principal findings The relative frequency and molecular phylogeny of Wolbachia, Microsporidia and Cardinium were determined of phlebotomine sand flies and mosquitoes in two regions from Colombia. Illumina Miseq using the 16S rRNA gene as a biomarker was conducted to examine the microbiota. Different percentages of natural infection by Wolbachia, Cardinium, and Microsporidia in phlebotomines and mosquitoes were detected. Phylogenetic analysis of Wolbachia shows putative new strains of Lutzomyia gomezi (wLgom), Brumptomyia hamata (wBrham), and a putative new group associated with Culex nigripalpus (Cnig) from the Andean region, located in Supergroup A and Supergroup B, respectively. The sequences of Microsporidia were obtained of Pi. pia and Cx. nigripalpus, which are located on phylogeny in the IV clade (terrestrial origin). The Cardinium of Tr. triramula and Ps. shannoni were located in group C next to Culicoides sequences while Cardinium of Mi. cayennensis formed two putative new subgroups of Cardinium in group A. In total were obtained 550 bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and 189 taxa to the genus level. The microbiota profiles of Sand flies and mosquitoes showed mainly at the phylum level to Proteobacteria (67.6%), Firmicutes (17.9%) and Actinobacteria (7.4%). High percentages of relative abundance for Wolbachia (30%-83%) in Lu. gomezi, Ev. dubitans, Mi. micropyga, Br. hamata, and Cx. nigripalpus were found. ASVs assigned as Microsporidia were found in greater abundance in Pi. pia (23%) and Cx. nigripalpus (11%). An important finding is the detection of Rickettsia in Pi. pia (58,8%) and Bartonella sp. in Cx. nigripalpus. Conclusions/Significance We found that Wolbachia infection significantly decreased the alpha diversity and negatively impacts the number of taxa on sand flies and Culex nigripalpus. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) is consistent, which showed statistically significant differences (PERMANOVA, F = 2.4744; R2 = 0.18363; p-value = 0.007) between the microbiota of sand flies and mosquitoes depending on its origin, host and possibly for the abundance of some endosymbionts (Wolbachia, Rickettsia).

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Hofman, J., J. Švihálek y I. Holoubek. "Evaluation of functional diversity of soil microbial communities – a case study". Plant, Soil and Environment 50, No. 4 (10 de diciembre de 2011): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4074-pse.

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In our case study, we measured the functional diversity of the microbial communities of twelve soils from the small natural area to assess if this assay is suitable for routine monitoring of soil biological quality. We found the BIOLOG assay meets especially practical benefits in routine monitoring of soils being simple and quick assay. However, we confirmed the ambiguity about the most appropriate analysis of the BIOLOG multivariate data and about the best parameter, which can be derived from the assay. The different analyses of the data were examined and various parameters derived from the BIOLOG assay were comparatively used to contribute to the discussion of how the data should be evaluated. We showed that not-normalized raw absorbances or trapezoid areas should be used for calculation of diversity index if the inoculum was standardized. There was no single answer to what parameter provided more correct results in the multivariate statistical analysis. Evaluating at least one not-normalized (e.g. trapezoid area) and one normalized parameter (e.g. absorbances read in fixed AWCD) was strongly suggested keeping in mind that they reveal different information.

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Kyselková, M., J. Kopecký, M. Ságová-Marečková, G. L. Grundmann y Y. Moënne-Loccoz. "Oligonucleotide microarray methodology for taxonomic and functional monitoringof microbial community composition". Plant, Soil and Environment 55, No. 9 (14 de octubre de 2009): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/140/2009-pse.

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Microarray analysis is a cultivation-independent, high-throughput technology that can be used for direct and simultaneous identification of microorganisms in complex environmental samples. This review summarizes current methodologies for oligonucleotide microarrays used in microbial ecology. It deals with probe design, microarray manufacturing, sample preparation and labeling, and data handling, as well as with the key features of microarray analysis such as specificity, sensitivity and quantification potential. Microarray analysis has been validated as an effective approach to describe the composition and dynamics of taxonomic and functional microbial communities, in environments including soil, compost, sediment, air or humans. It is now part of the technical arsenal available to address key issues in microbial community ecology, ranging from biogeography to ecosystem functioning.

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Mahdavi, Parastoo, Maike Isermann y Erwin Bergmeier. "Sand habitats across biogeographical regions at species, community and functional level". Phytocoenologia 47, n.º 2 (20 de julio de 2017): 139–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/phyto/2017/0127.

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Cadotte, Marc W., Carlos A. Arnillas, Stuart W. Livingstone y Simone-Louise E. Yasui. "Predicting communities from functional traits". Trends in Ecology & Evolution 30, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2015): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2015.07.001.

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Liu, W., N. Pan, W. Chen, W. Jiao y M. Wang. " Effect of veterinary oxytetracycline on functional diversity of soil microbial community". Plant, Soil and Environment 58, No. 7 (23 de julio de 2012): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/430/2011-pse.

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Effects of oxytetracycline (OTC) on the functional diversity of soil microbial community with or without vegetation were analyzed in a 7-week greenhouse pot experiment by use of Biolog-Eco plate. Results showed that along with the increase of OTC, average well color development (AWCD) values increased with the peak at 200 ppm OTC, and the utilization of sugar and its derivatives enhanced. The Shannon diversity and the evenness under different OTC levels followed a general order of red amaranth treatments > white clover treatments > no vegetation. The OTC treatments can be distinguished by two principle components. Our findings suggested that OTC addition stimulated soil microbial activities and vegetation changed carbon source utilization pattern at a certain content.  

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Kuz, Tetiana, Liudmyla Maliuta y Olha Hahaliuk. "Functional mechanisms of united territorial communities as paradigms of communities". Socio-Economic Problems and the State 25, n.º 2 (2021): 594–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.02.594.

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In this article, the authors propose an idea based on the interpretation of the functional mechanisms of united territorial communities considering Kuhn's interpretation of the scientific communities’ paradigms in the way that community paradigms should be interpreted as general theoretical assumptions and laws and means of their implementation which the scientific community members use. This forms and develops paradigms with its activities. That is, each community has its own paradigms, which include the established system and customs, as well as recorded standards, condemnations, dogmas, historical experience, as well as the actual situation and common goals. According to the author, a territorial community is a human association that is associated with self-organizing territories, a sequence of timely states called processes. It follows that the territorial community is a process. The paradigmatic stages of development of united territorial communities as a process that has a beginning, evolution and termination or end point are proposed. Differences between territorial, scientific or religious communities are determined, where the author states that the main difference is in paradigms and direction of their goals. It is stated what changes and crises in paradigms mean. Thus, changes are not independent events, but long episodes with regular repetitive structures. Crises – crises are the stage of change that follows discovery. As long as the methods (or tools) of the paradigm are able to solve certain problems or issues, the community develops effectively. Also in the article, the author takes the position that territorial communities are processes that cannot be controlled by elected or hired leaders, but which are controlled (influenced) by community paradigms, which, in turn, are constantly changing. Based on the position of the author and the context of territorial communities, the paradigm can be explained as follows: the paradigm is a "certain way of seeing the world", which was once accepted by many scientists, creates a community of these scientists; or a religious community of believers; or a territorial community from people living in a certain area. the paradigms of territorial communities determine the important objects with which the community cooperates and the related problems, and / or the issues that are identified, and the methods by which the identified problems and / or issues are resolved.

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Ponge, Jean‐François. "Communities, ecosystem engineers, and functional domains". Ecological Research 36, n.º 5 (21 de junio de 2021): 766–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1440-1703.12247.

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Pavoine, Sandrine y Carlo Ricotta. "Functional and phylogenetic similarity among communities". Methods in Ecology and Evolution 5, n.º 7 (10 de mayo de 2014): 666–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.12193.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Functional communites"

Beauvais, Maxime. "Long term seasonality of microbial vitamin B1 and B12 metabolisms and their potential interplay in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS641.

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L'environnement façonne les communautés microbiennes qui dirigent les cycles biogéochimiques des océans, mais les facteurs biotiques sont également d’important déterminants dans la structure des communautés. Ces systèmes dynamiques sont composés d'espèces cooccurrentes structurées dans un réseau complexe d'interactions entre organismes et avec leur environnement. Les vitamines B1 et B12 sont des cofacteurs essentiels mais la plupart des microbes marins incluant de nombreuses espèces de phytoplancton, ne peuvent pas les produire eux-mêmes (auxotrophes aux vitamines). De plus, les vitamines B1 et B12 sont rares dans l’océan. Ensemble, ces observations soulèvent la question suivante : comment les auxotrophes assurent-ils leurs besoins en vitamines dans l’océan ? Cette question reste en grande partie sans réponse car la saisonnalité des auxotrophes et leur interaction avec les producteurs de vitamines restent peu étudiées. Pour combler ces lacunes, nous avons réalisé une série temporelle métagénomique mensuelle sur 7 ans dans un site côtier de Méditerranée Nord-Ouest (station SOLA) afin d'évaluer la saisonnalité à long terme des communautés procaryotes, en se focalisant sur les métabolismes des vitamines B1 et B12 et leur interaction potentielle au cours des saisons. Tout d'abord, nous avons mis en évidence une succession saisonnière de différents organismes pouvant utiliser des voies distinctes pour produire de la B12 tout au long de l'année. En été, les bactéries du genre HIMB11, UBA8309 et Puniceispirillum peuvent utiliser la voie de production aérobie, tandis qu'en hiver, les archées du genre Nitrosopumilus et Nitrosopelagicus peuvent utiliser la voie de production anaérobie. Ensuite, nous avons montré que lors de perturbations environnementales, les organismes habituellement porteurs de gènes de synthèse de la B12 sont remplacés par d'autres porteurs du même gène (redondance fonctionnelle), maintenant ainsi le potentiel de production de B12. Cette assurance écologique pourrait contribuer à la résilience fonctionnelle à long terme des communautés microbiennes marines exposées à des conditions environnementales interannuelles contrastées. Deuxièmement, nous avons montré que les communautés procaryotes à SOLA étaient dominées par des auxotrophes HMP (Pelagibacter), dont l'abondance était plus élevée en été avec d’autre auxotrophes plus rares (doubles HET/HMP, comme HIMB59), et par des auxotrophes B1 (HIMB11), qui étaient présents tout au long de l'année. À SOLA, nous avons rapporté une plus grande contribution des producteurs de B1 que précédemment observé dans d'autres régions, incluant des bactéries (Pseudothioglobus, MB11C04), des cyanobactéries (Synechococcus) et des archées (Nitrosopumilus). Les expériences de bio-essais ont montré de multiples périodes de limitation en vitamines et précurseurs dans l'eau de mer pendant les mois d'hiver. En outre, l'ajout de vitamines et de précurseurs a eu un impact significatif sur la structure de la communauté procaryote dans nos microcosmes, en particulier en Février. Différents ASV ont été sélectivement favorisés par différentes conditions pendant la transition hiver/printemps. Cependant, la réponse des communautés reste difficile à démêler sachant que les auxotrophes et les prototrophes sont impactés par l’ajout de vitamines/précurseurs. Enfin, grâce à l’assemblage de MAGs et en identifiant leurs potentiels de production pour la B1 et la B12, nous avons montré des schémas de cooccurrence forts et récurrents entre les auxotrophes et les producteurs de vitamines, reflétant différentes complémentarités fonctionnelles potentielles en fonction des saisons. La double complémentarité pour la B1 et la B12 était prédominante dans le réseau de cooccurrence d’été (un auxotrophe B1/B12 avec un prototrophe B1/B12), tandis que la simple complémentarité pour la B1 ou la B12 était prédominante dans les cooccurrences d'hiver (un auxotrophe B1/producteur de B12 avec un producteur de B1/auxotrophe B12)
The environment shapes marine microbial assemblages that drive ocean biogeochemical cycles, but biotic interactions are also strong community structuring factors. Marine microbial communities are dynamic systems of co-occurring species structured as a complex network of interactions, including microbe to environment and microbe to microbe connections. B-vitamins are essential cofactors of critical cellular processes, and most marine microbes, including many phytoplankton species require an exogenous source of vitamins or precursors to grow (i.e., vitamin or precursor auxotrophs). Despite their ecological importance, B1 and B12 are scarce in most oceanic and coastal regions. Together, the widespread vitamin scarcity observed in oceans and the high incidence of vitamin auxotrophy raises the question of how vitamin auxotrophs ensure their vitamin requirements in a large and diluted environment? This question remains largely unanswered as the seasonality of vitamin auxotrophs and their interplay with vitamin producers remain poorly studied. To tackle these knowledge gaps, we conducted a 7 years monthly metagenomic time series in the coastal NW Mediterranean Sea (SOLA station) to assess the long-term seasonality of planktonic prokaryotic communities, with a focus on B1 and B12 metabolisms and their potential interplay over time.First, we highlighted a seasonal succession of different organisms which could use distinct biosynthesis pathways to produce B12 de-novo along the year. In summer, bacteria belonging to the genera HIMB11, UBA8309 and Puniceispirillum could use the aerobic B12 production pathway, while in winter, Thaumarchaeota belonging to Nitrosopumilus and Nitrosopelagicus genera could use the anaerobic B12 production pathway. Then, we show that during irregular environmental perturbations observed in winter at SOLA station, organisms usually carrying B12 synthesis genes are replaced by others with the same gene (i.e., functional redundancy), thus maintaining the potential for B12 production. Such ecological insurance could contribute to the long-term functional resilience of marine microbial communities exposed to contrasting inter-annual environmental conditions. Secondly, we showed that SOLA prokaryotic communities were dominated by HMP auxotrophs (Pelagibacter, AAA536-G10, Litoricola), which had higher abundances in summer together with the rarer dual HET/HMP auxotrophs (HIMB59, HIMB100, Octadecabacter), and by B1 auxotrophs (HIMB11, Puniceispirillum), which were present throughout the year. At SOLA, we reported a larger contribution of B1 producers than previously reported in other regions, including bacteria (Pseudothioglobus, MB11C04), cyanobacteria (Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus) and archaea (Nitrosopumilus, Nitrosopelagicus). Bioassays experiments using showed multiple vitamin and precursor limitations periods in SOLA seawater during winter months. Moreover, the addition of vitamins and precursors had a significant impact on prokaryotic community structure in our microcosm’s experiments, especially in February. Different ASVs were selectively promoted by different conditions during the winter/spring transition (B12, H+C and B1+B12). However, the differential response of communities remains difficult to disentangle, given that both vitamin auxotrophs and prototrophs were promoted during our incubations. Finally, by assembling high-quality metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) and identifying their B1 and B12 lifestyles, we highlight strong and recurrent co-occurrence patterns between vitamin auxotrophs and producers reflecting different potential functional complementarities between them depending on the season. Double complementarity for B1 and for B12 was prevalent in summer co-occurrences networks (e.g., B1/B12 auxotroph co-occur with B1/B12 prototroph), while simple complementarity for B1 or B12 was prevalent in winter co-occurrences (e.g., B1 auxotroph / B12 producer co-occur with B1 producer/B12 auxotroph)

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Dickens, Helen Elizabeth. "Functional attributes of biodiversity in decomposer communities". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326955.

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Brower, Sarah Curran. "RELATING DENITRIFIER COMMUNITY COMPOSITION TO FUNCTION IN FRESHWATER WETLANDS: THE INFLUENCE OF HYDROLOGY AND INTRASPECIFIC FUNCTIONAL VARIATION". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1385384882.

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Rockler, Briana E. "Communities partnering with researchers: an evaluation of coalition function in a community-engaged research approach". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/19143.

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Master of Public Health
Human Nutrition
Sandra B. Procter
Background: Engaging community has become a fundamental approach to improving health outcomes in resource-limited settings. Community coalitions, comprised of resident activists that mobilize to improve local conditions, are frequently utilized as partners for community-engaged research. However, there is limited research that documents how these partnerships affect the coalitions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of researcher-coalition collaboration in the pilot year of a four-year intervention program targeting childhood obesity in rural, low-income communities. Methods: Twelve pre-established community coalitions from seven states were selected to partner with academic researchers in a quasi-experimental study, and then assigned to either the control (n=6) or intervention (n=6) group. Both study arms received funding and access to a menu of evidence-based tools, but the intervention groups were also provided a trained community coach. Member survey data from a Coalition Self-Assessment Survey (CSAS) tool was completed at baseline and at one-year follow-up. Results: CSAS data were analyzed to identify factors related to coalition function and efficacy, and significant changes in both experimental groups were identified. Change in measures of membership recruitment, coalition capacity and coalition communication were unique to the intervention group. Problems for participation were alleviated significantly on all measures in the control group. Comparison of the study groups at follow-up demonstrated that greater research involvement positively impacted membership recruitment and coalition action plan. Conclusion: The data suggest that coalitions with a higher degree of partnership interaction may be more successful in addressing problems impacting their communities.

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Barnes, Andrew David. "The Impact of Edge Effects & Matrix Restoration on Dung Beetle Community Structure & Ecosystem Function". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6265.

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Land-use change has become a force of global importance and has gained status as the most important driver of ecosystem degradation. The resulting creation of habitat edges has pervasive impacts on the distribution and persistence of species in forest ecosystems. Responses of species to edge effects can be highly dependent on ‘response’ traits, which may in turn co-vary with ‘effect’ traits that determine rates of ecosystem functioning. Therefore, non-random loss of species due to traits conferring higher susceptibility to extinction may also result in the loss of functionally-important species across a habitat edge gradient. Likewise, response and effect traits may be important in determining reassembly of communities in regenerating habitats, which may provide insight into potential scenarios of functional responses to restoration efforts. To test for potential off-site effects of adjacent matrix habitat restoration on dung beetle communities, I compared dung beetle community structure and species trait composition across Afromontane forest edges adjacent to degraded and regenerating matrix habitat at Ngel Nyaki forest reserve in Nigeria. I also measured dung removal rates across habitat edge gradients to investigate the relative off-site impacts of matrix restoration on dung beetle-mediated ecosystem processes. I found significant effects of adjacent matrix condition on edge response functions in dung beetle abundance, species distributions, and trait composition. Beetle abundances were markedly higher in forests adjacent to regenerating matrix, whereas the largest differences in trait composition were found between degraded and regenerating matrix habitat, indicating the presence of ecological filtering processes in these areas. Furthermore, I found that species traits determined community structural responses to environmental change and this had strong flow-on effects to rates of dung removal. Shifts in trait distributions explained dung removal rates above and beyond total beetle mass, suggesting that neutral processes alone could not explain functional efficiency. In particular, habitat regeneration resulted in the assembly of communities with high total beetle mass and on-average smaller beetles, which was optimal for functional efficiency. In conclusion, the restoration of adjacent matrix habitat was shown to effectively mitigate edge effects on dung beetle community structure resulting in the re-establishment of important associated ecosystem processes.

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Nefas, Saulius. "Functional local community in Lithuanian villages and towns". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20080211_091643-52976.

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The dissertation was prepared in 2000–2004 at the Vilnius Pedagogical University and in 2004-2007 at Mykolas Romeris University, The dissertation is defend without PhD studies Scientific supervisor: Prof. Habil. Dr. Stasys Puškorius (Mykolas Romeris University, Social Sciences, Management and Administration, 03S). The doctoral dissertation will be defended at the Management and Administration Research Council of Mykolas Romeris University: Chairman of the Council: Prof. Habil. Dr. Adolfas Kaziliūnas (Mykolas Romeris University, Social Sciences, Management and Administration, 03S) Members: Prof. Dr. Eugenijus Chlivickas (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Social Sciences, Management and Administration, 03S) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jolanta Palidauskaitė (Kaunass University of Technology, Social Science, Sociology 05S) Prof. Dr. Alvydas Pumputis (Mykolas Romeris University, Social Sciences, Law 01S) Prof. Habil. Dr. Stasys Puškorius (Mykolas Romeris University, Social Sciences, Management and Administration 03S) Opponents: Prof. Habil. Dr. Borisas Melnikas (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Social Sciences, Management and Administration 03S) Prof. Habil. Dr. Vygantas K. Paulikas (Mykolas Romeris University, Social Sciences, Management and Administration 03S) The public defence of the doctoral dissertation will take place at Management and Administration Research Council on 28th December, 2007 at 10 a.m. in the Senate Hall of Mykolas Romeris University (Room... [to full text]
Informacija apie disertacijos autorių: Saulius Nefas( 8 gruodžio 1960) 1978 baigė Ukmergės raj Taujėnų vidurinę mokyklą, 1978 – 1983 studijavo Vilniaus pedagoginiame institute ir įgijo istorijos mokytojo specialybę. 1997 – 2002 sociologijos studijos Vilniaus pedagoginiame universitete. Darbinė patirtis: 1983 – 1990 istorijos mokytojas Anykščių rajono Viešintų ir Anykščių Antano Vienuolio vidurinėse mokyklose. 1990 – 1995 ir 2000 – 2004 Anykščių Antano Vienuolio gimnazijos direktorius. 1995-2000 - Anykščių rajono meras. 2004 - Lietuvos Respublikos seimo narys. Nuo 2005 metų dirba lektoriumi M. Romerio universiteto Viešojo administravimo fakultete. REZIUMĖ Šiuolaikiniame pasaulyje pastebime, kaip kinta žmonių mąstysena, drauge ir įvairių socialinių grupių saviorganizacijos veiksniai. Tradicinės ideologijos vis mažiau beatspindi daugumos žmonių mąstymą, pastebime, kad įsivyraujant neribotam pliuralizmui išryškėja naujos idėjos. Kartais tai būna atgimusios senos, anksčiau gyvavusios idėjos. Pavyzdys – komunitarizmo idėja, dalies šalininkų įsitikinimu, jau nusipelnanti ideologijos vardo. <...> Nagrinėdami komunitarų idėjas, matome, kad daugelį jų galime rasti ir konservatorių, ir krikščionių demokratų, ir socialistų utopistų ar net anarchistų – komunistų ideologijose“ Todėl šiuolaikiniam žmogui būtina atsirinkti iš daugybės ryškių ir ne tokių ryškių ideologinių nuostatų ir išspręsti dvigubą uždavinį: identifikuoti naujas vertybes dažnai sietinas su vienu „naujosios viešosios... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

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Tolonen, K. (Katri). "Taxonomic and functional organization of macroinvertebrate communities in subarctic streams". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526217673.

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Abstract Ecological research based on both species and their traits help us to understand the main mechanisms and environmental factors structuring biological communities. In general, variation in community composition is thought to be a consequence of both stochastic and deterministic factors. In stream ecology, the traditional view has been that the local habitat conditions pose a strong environmental filter that selects only species with the right functional traits into the local communities. However, recent studies on streams have also suggested that the responses of species to environmental gradients may be independent of those of other species due to stochastic factors, such as species dispersal, which then result in more continuous communities along environmental gradients. The aim of this thesis was to explore the relative importance of the deterministic and stochastic factors in the structuring of taxonomic and functional trait-based macroinvertebrate communities in streams in a high-latitude catchment by comparing the variation in these community facets along environmental and spatial gradients. Also, the relationship between environment and the functionally-defined communities was explored closely. The results indicated how the taxonomic composition of the communities may be more closely related to the stochastic and dispersal-related factors, whereas the functional composition of the communities may be more closely related to the deterministic environmental filtering processes. However, the overall structure of the communities seems to be strongly controlled by the variation in environment, although the heterogeneous and harsh conditions of the streams may preclude the formation of predictable community types. Nonetheless, some noticeable responses of different traits to different environmental factors were found, suggesting that definable functional trait-environment relationships may be discovered if key traits of the species can be identified. Overall, these findings underline the benefits of describing both taxonomic and functional-based communities when exploring the mechanisms behind the structuring of macroinvertebrate communities. The results also have applications for conservation practices. Conservation efforts should focus on varying environmental conditions in order to cover all aspects of macroinvertebrate community variation
Tiivistelmä Lajeihin ja lajien toiminnallisiin lajiominaisuuksiin pohjautuva ekologinen tutkimus tuo uutta tietoa biologisten yhteisöjen taustalla vaikuttavista tekijöistä. Yleisesti yhteisöjen rakentumiseen vaikuttavat niin deterministiset kuin stokastiset ympäristössä vaikuttavat tekijät. Virtavesiyhteisöjen on perinteisesti ajateltu rakentuneen niin sanottujen ympäristösuodattimien mukaisesti, jolloin ympäristön vaihtelu suodattaa tietynlaisiin ympäristöihin vain lajit, joilla on tarvittavat ominaisuudet paikalla selviytyäkseen. Useat viimeaikaiset tutkimukset ovat kuitenkin osoittaneet virtavesiyhteisöissä elävien lajien esiintymisen vaihtelevan ympäristössä myös itsenäisesti erilaisista stokastisista, kuten lajien dispersaaliin vaikuttavista, tekijöistä johtuen. Tässä väitöstutkimuksessa tutkin näiden determinististen ja stokastisten ympäristötekijöiden suhteellisia vaikutuksia taksonomisesti ja toiminnallisesti luokiteltujen pohjaeläinyhteisöjen rakentumiseen pohjoisissa virtavesissä. Myös yksittäisten lajiominaisuuksien ja toiminnallisten yhteisöjen suhde pohjoisten virtavesien ympäristöolosuhteisiin oli tarkastelun alla. Tutkimuksen tulokset antoivat viitteitä siitä, että ympäristössä toimivat stokastiset ja lajien dispersaaliin liittyvät tekijät vaikuttaisivat voimakkaammin taksonomisesti luokiteltujen yhteisöjen vaihteluun, kun taas toiminnallisesti luokitellut yhteisöt vaikuttaisivat rakentuneen enemmän determinististen ympäristöprosessien mukaisesti. Kokonaisuudessaan yhteisöt vaikuttaisivat kuitenkin rakentuneen voimakkaasti vaihtelevien ympäristöolosuhteiden ohjaamana, ja tämä vaihtelu voi estää selkeästi ennustettavien yhteisörakenteiden synnyn. Muutamia selkeitä lajiominaisuusvasteita kuitenkin löytyi, mikä antaa viitteitä ennustettavissa olevien toiminnallisten yhteisöjen olemassaolosta, mikäli yhteisöjen menestymisen kannalta merkittävimmät lajiominaisuudet vain osataan määrittää. Nämä tulokset osoittavat, miten sekä taksonomisesti että toiminnallisesti luokiteltujen yhteisöjen käyttäminen rinnakkain yhteisöekologisissa tutkimuksissa voi auttaa selventämään yhteisöjen synnyn taustalla vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Tuloksilla on merkitystä myös virtavesiyhteisöjen suojelun kannalta. Suojelutoimenpiteet tulisi kohdistaa kattamaan ympäristöolosuhteita laajasti, jotta ympäristöolosuhteiden mukaan vaihtelevat yhteisöt tulisivat parhaalla mahdollisella tavalla katetuiksi

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Drerup, Samuel A. "Functional Responses of Stream Communities to Acid Mine Drainage Remediation". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1458822356.

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Knutson, Keith. "Britain's functional approach to integration /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9988679.

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Giné, Garriga Maria. "Functional performance in physically frail community dwelling older adults". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9232.

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En països desenvolupats, la característica demogràfica actual més rellevant és l'envelliment de la població. Tenint en compte el percentatge de gent gran i la tendència de la població en el futur, es considera essencial que els professionals de la salut i entitats responsables del sistema sanitari, estableixin estratègies que ens permetin avaluar objectivament els individus amb un major dèficit funcional per oferir intervencions adequades, i per tant, ens permetin assegurar un envelliment més saludable i una millor qualitat de vida de la població. La reducció de les capacitats físiques és una part important de l'atenció mèdica en les persones grans perquè té conseqüències importants quant a mobilitat, mortalitat, i pèrdua d'independència funcional.

El primer estudi va avaluar la fiabilitat i sensibilitat d'una versió modificada del test 'Timed Get Up and Go' (TGUG) en predir el risc de caigudes en gent major de 65 anys, emprant una aproximació quantitativa i qualitativa. El test TGUG modificat es va dissenyar com una eina per avaluar la funció física, per identificar la gent gran amb limitacions en una o més de les barreres físiques que tenen un efecte important en la independència de les persones: pèrdua de força muscular, dificultats en la marxa i alteració de l'equilibri. El segon estudi va avaluar la validesa del test TGUG modificat, determinant el grau en el que resultats del test s'associaven a altres mesures prèviament validades i utilitzades en la literatura mèdica per documentar modificacions causades per l'edat en la funcionalitat física i limitacions funcionals. En el tercer estudi, varem conduir un assaig clínic aleatori controlat d'un entrenament funcional en circuit (FCT) amb l'objectiu de determinar l'efecte d'un programa d'intervenció de 12 setmanes en reduir les mesures funcionals de fragilitat en un grup de gent gran fràgil resident a la comunitat. El segon objectiu d'aquest últim estudi va ser avaluar si aquestes millores funcionals es mantenien 6 mesos després de finalitzar la intervenció.

La implicació dels resultats del primer estudi suggereix que el temps total (segons) requerit per dur a terme el test TGUG modificat pot ser adequat per discriminar gent gran amb uns nivells alts o baixos de funcionalitat física. A més, basant-nos amb les altes correlacions obtingudes entre els components del test TGUG modificat i els tests amb els quals es va comparar, s'ha establert la validació de la nostra eina. El test és fàcil de dur a terme, requereix un temps baix d'administració, i es pot utilitzar a la pràctica clínica diària. Els resultats del tercer estudi indiquen que el programa FCT de 12 setmanes de durada basat en un treball funcional d'equilibri i força de les extremitats inferiors, dut a terme a l'atenció primària, és efectiu i els beneficis es mantenen 6 mesos després de finalitzar la intervenció en un grup de gent gran fràgil resident a la comunitat.

Per concloure, la població gran requereix una eina d'avaluació de la funció física adequada, i s'han d'aplicar intervencions que hagin demostrat ser efectives per disminuir la pèrdua funcional en aquest grup de població. Un bon cribatge lligat a intervencions de salut pública poden oferir una bona eina per reduir el deteriorament físic en gent gran en situació de risc.
En los países desarrollados, la característica demográfica actual más relevante es el envejecimiento de la población. Teniendo en cuenta el porcentaje de gente mayor y la tendencia de la población en el futuro, se considera esencial que los profesionales sanitarios y entidades responsables del sistema sanitario, establezcan estrategias que nos permitan evaluar objetivamente los individuos con un mayor déficit funcional para ofrecerles intervenciones adecuadas, y por lo tanto, nos permitan asegurar un envejecimiento más saludable y una mayor calidad de vida de la población. La reducción de las capacidades físicas es una parte importante de la atención médica de las personas mayores porqué tiene consecuencias importantes en su movilidad, mortalidad, y pérdida de independencia funcional.

En el primer estudio se evaluó la fiabilidad y sensibilidad de una versión modificada de la prueba 'Timed Get Up and Go' (TGUG) para predecir el riesgo de caídas en gente mayor de 65 años, utilizando una aproximación cuantitativa y cualitativa. La prueba TGUG modificada se diseñó como una herramienta para evaluar la función física, para identificar la gente mayor con limitaciones en una o más de las barreras físicas que tienen un efecto importante en la independencia de las personas: pérdida de fuerza muscular, dificultades en la marcha y alteraciones del equilibrio. El segundo estudio evaluó la validez de la prueba TGUG modificada, determinando el grado en que los resultados de la prueba se asociaban a otras medidas previamente validadas y utilizadas en la literatura médica para documentar modificaciones causadas por la edad en la funcionalidad física y limitaciones funcionales. En el tercer estudio, condujimos un ensayo clínico aleatorio controlado de un entrenamiento funcional en circuito (FCT) con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de un programa de intervención de 12 semanas en reducir las medidas funcionales de fragilidad en un grupo de gente mayor frágil residente en la comunidad. El segundo objetivo de éste último estudio fue evaluar si la mejoras producidas por la intervención se mantenían pasados 6 meses de su finalización.

La implicación de los resultados del primer estudio sugiere que el tiempo total (segundos) requerido para finalizar la prueba TGUG modificada puede ser adecuado para discriminar la gente mayor con niveles altos o bajos de funcionalidad física. Además, si nos basamos en las altas correlaciones obtenidas entre los componentes de la prueba TGUG modificada y las pruebas con las que se comparó, se ha establecido la validación de nuestra herramienta. La prueba es fácil de llevar a cabo, requiere un tiempo de administración bajo, y se puede utilizar en la práctica clínica diaria. Los resultados del tercer estudio indican que el programa FCT de 12 semanas de duración basado en el trabajo funcional del equilibrio y la fuerza de extremidades inferiores, llevado a cabo en la atención primaria, es efectivo y los beneficios se mantienen 6 meses después de finalizar la intervención, en un grupo de gente mayor frágil residente en la comunidad.

Para concluir, la población mayor requiere una herramienta de evaluación adecuada de la función física, y se deben aplicar intervenciones que hayan demostrado su efectividad para disminuir la pérdida funcional en este grupo de población. Un buen cribaje con intervenciones de salud pública pueden ofrecer una buena herramienta para reducir el deterioro físico en gente mayor en situación de riesgo.
In developed countries, the most relevant demographical characteristic of current times is the ageing of the population. Given the current number of old people and future expectations about elderly population's incidence, it is considered to be essential that health care professionals and responsible entities and organizations, establish strategies that allow us to objectively assess those areas with the highest functional deficits, to offer the appropriate intervention, and thus to ensure healthy ageing and higher quality of life to the greatest number of citizens possible. Functional decline is an important part of health care of the elderly because it has significant consequences for older adults in terms of morbidity, mortality, and loss of independence.

The first study assessed the reliability and sensitivity of a modified version of the 'Timed Get Up and Go' (TGUG) test in predicting fall risk, using both a quantitative and qualitative approach in individuals older than 65 years. The modified TGUG test had been developed as a physical function assessment to identify older people with impairments in one or more of the major physiological domains that have a substantial effect on the ability of older persons to remain independent: muscular weakness, and deficits in gait and balance. The second study assessed the construct validity of the modified TGUG test, determining the degree to which scores of a modified TGUG test were associated with other measures used in the literature to document age-related change in both functional performance and physiological impairment. In the third study, we conducted a randomized clinical trial of a functional circuit training program aiming to determine the effect of a 12-week structured, intervention program on reducing physical frailty measures in a group of community-dwelling physically frail elderly individuals. The secondary aim of the third study was to evaluate whether these improvements were sustained 6 months after the end of the training program.

The implications of the findings from the first study suggest that the modified TGUG test for total time (sec) may be suitable to discriminate older individuals of high and low functional levels. Furthermore, based on the strength of the correlations obtained between components of the modified TGUG and the comparison tests, concurrent, criterion validity of the modified TGUG has been indicated. The test is simple to administer, needs a short administration time, and is feasible for older people to undertake in community settings and for rehabilitation assessment in primary care. Findings from the third study indicate that a 12-week FCT program which focused on functional balance, and lower body strength-based exercises, conducted in a primary care setting is a safe, effective and sustainable intervention in older physically frail community-dwelling adults.

In conclusion, the elderly population require an appropriate physical function screening assessment, and specific proven interventions need to be put in place to maximize physical functioning once the deficit areas are known. A simple screening procedure linked with effective public health interventions may offer great scope for reducing functional decline in at-risk older people.

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Libros sobre el tema "Functional communites"

1957-, Insam Heribert y Rangger Andrea 1966-, eds. Microbial communities: Functional versus structural approaches. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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J, Murphy K., ed. Ecosystems: A functional approach. London: Routledge, 1998.

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Len, Unsworth, ed. Researching language in schools and communities: Functional linguistic perspectives. London: Cassell, 2000.

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Packham, John R. Functional ecology of woodlands and forests. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1992.

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Doronila, Maria Luisa Canieso. Landscapes of literacy: An ethnographic study of functional literacy in marginal Philippine communities. Hamburg, Germany: Unesco Institute for Education, 1996.

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W, Weisser W. y Siemann E, eds. Insects and ecosystem function. Berlin: Springer, 2007.

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K, Ritz, Dighton J y Giller K. E, eds. Beyond the biomass: Compositional and functional analysis of soil microbial communities. Chichester: Wiley, 1994.

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Rounds, R. C. The internal and functional restructuring of rural communities in agro-Manitoba. [Brandon, Man.]: Rural Development Institute, Brandon University, 1993.

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Program, UP Education Research y Philippines. Bureau of Nonformal Education., eds. Learning from life: An ethnographic study of functional literacy in fourteen Philippine communities. [Manila]: University of the Philippines, Education Resource Program, Center for Integrated Development Studies, 1994.

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Hurst, Christon J., ed. The Structure and Function of Aquatic Microbial Communities. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16775-2.

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Buchel, Olha y Leila Hedayatifar. "Multiscale Functional Communities". En The SAGE Handbook of Social Media Research Methods, 330–44. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529782943.n24.

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Dhillion, Shivcharn S. "Fallow Age Influences Microbial Functional Abilities, Soil Properties and Plant Functional Groups". En Microbial Communities, 140–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60694-6_13.

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Esch, Gerald W. y Jacqueline C. Fernández. "Component and compound communities". En A Functional Biology of Parasitism, 172–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2352-5_7.

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Griffiths, Bryan S., Karl Ritz y Ronald E. Wheatley. "Relationship between Functional Diversity and Genetic Diversity in Complex Microbial Communities". En Microbial Communities, 1–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60694-6_1.

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Prasad, K. V. Hari. "Community Functions/Dynamics". En Insect Ecology: Concepts to Management, 163–88. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1782-0_12.

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Mills, Aaron L. y Judith E. Bouma. "Strain and Function Stability in Gnotobiotic Reactors". En Microbial Communities, 184–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60694-6_17.

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Mougi, Akihiko. "Spatiality and Community Stability". En Diversity of Functional Traits and Interactions, 63–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7953-0_4.

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Mozaffar, Hajar. "User Communities as Multi-Functional Spaces". En The New Production of Users, 219–46. First Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2016. | Series: Routledge studies in innovation, organization and technology ; 42: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315648088-9.

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Appanna, Vasu D. "Plants and Their Microbial Communities". En Microbiomes and Their Functions, 201–28. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003166481-9.

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Hadaway, Stephanie M. y Alan W. Brue. "Prevention: Climate, Culture, and Community". En Practitioner’s Guide to Functional Behavioral Assessment, 163–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23721-3_14.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Functional communites"

Onaral, Banu. "Functional optical brain imaging: Toward noninvasive cognitive prosthetics". En the Community (ICORR). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2009.5209461.

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Murakami, Yosuke, Satoshi Komada y Junji Hirai. "Setting of training load using theory of functional effective muscle". En the Community (ICORR). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2009.5209610.

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Mitsuru Takahashi, Manabu Gouko y Koji Ito. "Fundamental research about electroencephalogram (EEG) - Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) rehabilitation system". En the Community (ICORR). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2009.5209577.

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Shih-Wei Peng, Feng-Li Lian y Li-Chen Fu. "Development of multi-functional robotic test-bed for post-surgical healthcare room". En the Community (ICORR). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2009.5209631.

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Thompson, Brian, Linda Ness, David Shallcross y Devasis Bassu. "Discovering Functional Communities in Social Media". En 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshop (ICDMW). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdmw.2015.92.

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Holland, Jeffrey D. "Quantifying functional diversity of insect communities". En 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113651.

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Craffey, Matthew, Simon Darroch y S. Kathleen Lyons. "FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF EARLY EDIACARAN COMMUNITIES". En GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-381027.

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Mills, Aaron L., Janet S. Herman, George M. Hornberger y Roseanne M. Ford. "Functional Redundancy Promotes Functional Stability in Diverse Microbial Bioreactor Communities". En International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-2509.

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Chen, M., S. K. Ho, H. F. Zhou, P. M. K. Pang, X. L. Hu, D. T. W. Ng y K. Y. Tong. "Interactive rehabilitation robot for hand function training". En the Community (ICORR). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2009.5209564.

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Koohang, Alex y Keith Harman. "The Academic Open Access E-Journal: Platform and Portal". En InSITE 2006: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3030.

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This paper demonstrates that advanced technologies and the increasing acceptance of academic open access e-journals offer an opportunity to reconsider their form and function as a medium to enhance scholarly communication. The academic open access e-journal is envisioned as a platform and a portal within the context of an open source community including a format and functions that enable it to achieve that objective. A working model for academic open access e-journals is presented. This model is intended for open source communities involved in designing, developing, and/or improving open access academic e-journals.

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Informes sobre el tema "Functional communites"

Minz, Dror, Stefan J. Green, Noa Sela, Yitzhak Hadar, Janet Jansson y Steven Lindow. Soil and rhizosphere microbiome response to treated waste water irrigation. United States Department of Agriculture, enero de 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598153.bard.

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Research objectives : Identify genetic potential and community structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial community structure as affected by treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation. This objective was achieved through the examination soil and rhizosphere microbial communities of plants irrigated with fresh water (FW) and TWW. Genomic DNA extracted from soil and rhizosphere samples (Minz laboratory) was processed for DNA-based shotgun metagenome sequencing (Green laboratory). High-throughput bioinformatics was performed to compare both taxonomic and functional gene (and pathway) differences between sample types (treatment and location). Identify metabolic pathways induced or repressed by TWW irrigation. To accomplish this objective, shotgun metatranscriptome (RNA-based) sequencing was performed. Expressed genes and pathways were compared to identify significantly differentially expressed features between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW. Identify microbial gene functions and pathways affected by TWW irrigation*. To accomplish this objective, we will perform a metaproteome comparison between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW and selected soil microbial activities. Integration and evaluation of microbial community function in relation to its structure and genetic potential, and to infer the in situ physiology and function of microbial communities in soil and rhizospere under FW and TWW irrigation regimes. This objective is ongoing due to the need for extensive bioinformatics analysis. As a result of the capabilities of the new PI, we have also been characterizing the transcriptome of the plant roots as affected by the TWW irrigation and comparing the function of the plants to that of the microbiome. *This original objective was not achieved in the course of this study due to technical issues, especially the need to replace the American PIs during the project. However, the fact we were able to analyze more than one plant system as a result of the abilities of the new American PI strengthened the power of the conclusions derived from studies for the 1ˢᵗ and 2ⁿᵈ objectives. Background: As the world population grows, more urban waste is discharged to the environment, and fresh water sources are being polluted. Developing and industrial countries are increasing the use of wastewater and treated wastewater (TWW) for agriculture practice, thus turning the waste product into a valuable resource. Wastewater supplies a year- round reliable source of nutrient-rich water. Despite continuing enhancements in TWW quality, TWW irrigation can still result in unexplained and undesirable effects on crops. In part, these undesirable effects may be attributed to, among other factors, to the effects of TWW on the plant microbiome. Previous studies, including our own, have presented the TWW effect on soil microbial activity and community composition. To the best of our knowledge, however, no comprehensive study yet has been conducted on the microbial population associated BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 2 of 16 BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 3 of 16 with plant roots irrigated with TWW – a critical information gap. In this work, we characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on root-associated microbial community structure and function by using the most innovative tools available in analyzing bacterial community- a combination of microbial marker gene amplicon sequencing, microbial shotunmetagenomics (DNA-based total community and gene content characterization), microbial metatranscriptomics (RNA-based total community and gene content characterization), and plant host transcriptome response. At the core of this research, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to study and characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on tomato and lettuce plants. A focus of this study was on the plant roots, their associated microbial communities, and on the functional activities of plant root-associated microbial communities. We have found that TWW irrigation changes both the soil and root microbial community composition, and that the shift in the plant root microbiome associated with different irrigation was as significant as the changes caused by the plant host or soil type. The change in microbial community structure was accompanied by changes in the microbial community-wide functional potential (i.e., gene content of the entire microbial community, as determined through shotgun metagenome sequencing). The relative abundance of many genes was significantly different in TWW irrigated root microbiome relative to FW-irrigated root microbial communities. For example, the relative abundance of genes encoding for transporters increased in TWW-irrigated roots increased relative to FW-irrigated roots. Similarly, the relative abundance of genes linked to potassium efflux, respiratory systems and nitrogen metabolism were elevated in TWW irrigated roots when compared to FW-irrigated roots. The increased relative abundance of denitrifying genes in TWW systems relative FW systems, suggests that TWW-irrigated roots are more anaerobic compare to FW irrigated root. These gene functional data are consistent with geochemical measurements made from these systems. Specifically, the TWW irrigated soils had higher pH, total organic compound (TOC), sodium, potassium and electric conductivity values in comparison to FW soils. Thus, the root microbiome genetic functional potential can be correlated with pH, TOC and EC values and these factors must take part in the shaping the root microbiome. The expressed functions, as found by the metatranscriptome analysis, revealed many genes that increase in TWW-irrigated plant root microbial population relative to those in the FW-irrigated plants. The most substantial (and significant) were sodium-proton antiporters and Na(+)-translocatingNADH-quinoneoxidoreductase (NQR). The latter protein uses the cell respiratory machinery to harness redox force and convert the energy for efflux of sodium. As the roots and their microbiomes are exposed to the same environmental conditions, it was previously hypothesized that understanding the soil and rhizospheremicrobiome response will shed light on natural processes in these niches. This study demonstrate how newly available tools can better define complex processes and their downstream consequences, such as irrigation with water from different qualities, and to identify primary cues sensed by the plant host irrigated with TWW. From an agricultural perspective, many common practices are complicated processes with many ‘moving parts’, and are hard to characterize and predict. Multiple edaphic and microbial factors are involved, and these can react to many environmental cues. These complex systems are in turn affected by plant growth and exudation, and associated features such as irrigation, fertilization and use of pesticides. However, the combination of shotgun metagenomics, microbial shotgun metatranscriptomics, plant transcriptomics, and physical measurement of soil characteristics provides a mechanism for integrating data from highly complex agricultural systems to eventually provide for plant physiological response prediction and monitoring. BARD Report

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McFarlane, Aaron, Nia Hurst, Carina Jung y Charles Theiling. Evaluating soil conditions to inform Upper Mississippi River floodplain restoration projects. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), abril de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48451.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) has designed and constructed thousands of acres of ecosystem restoration features within the Upper Mississippi River System. Many of these projects incorporate island construction to restore geomorphic diversity and habitat, including floodplain forests. Soils are the foundation of the ecological function and successful establishment of floodplain forests as they are the basis through which plants obtain water and nutrients and provide critical ecosystem services. To improve floodplain forest island restoration outcomes, three natural and four recently (<10 years) constructed restoration sites were studied to compare soil physical, chemical, microbial, and fungal characteristics. Constructed islands had lower soil organic matter and dissolved organic carbon and differed in nutrient concentrations, bacterial assemblages, and fungal communities compared to reference sites. However, soil enzyme activity and some microbial community characteristics were functionally similar between the natural and created sites. Results align with previously established restoration trajectory theories where hydrological and basic microbial ecosystem functions are restored almost immediately, but complex biologically mediated and habitat functions require more time to establish. Data from this and future studies will help increase the long-term success of USACE floodplain forest restoration, improve island design, and help develop region-specific restoration trajectory curves to better anticipate the outcomes of floodplain forest creation projects.

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Berkowitz, Jacob. Quantifying functional increases across a large-scale wetland restoration chronosequence. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), agosto de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41500.

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Over 300,000 ha of forested wetlands have undergone restoration within the Mississippi Alluvial Valley region. Restored forest successional stage varies, providing opportunities to document wetland functional increases across a large-scale restoration chronosequence using the Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) approach. Results from >600 restored study sites spanning a 25-year chronosequence indicate that: 1) wetland functional assessment variables increased toward reference conditions; 2) restored wetlands generally follow expected recovery trajectories; and 3) wetland functions display significant improvements across the restoration chronosequence. A functional lag between restored areas and mature reference wetlands persists in most instances. However, a subset of restored sites have attained mature reference wetland conditions in areas approaching or exceeding tree diameter and canopy closure thresholds. Study results highlight the importance of site selection and the benefits of evaluating a suite of wetland functions in order to identify appropriate restoration success milestones and design monitoring programs. For example, wetland functions associated with detention of precipitation (a largely physical process) rapidly increased under post restoration conditions, while improvements in wetland habitat functions (associated with forest establishment and maturation) required additional time. As the wetland science community transitions towards larger scale restoration efforts, effectively quantifying restoration functional improvements will become increasingly important.

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Van Nostrand, Joy D. Sequence Capture to Monitor Functional Potential of Microbial Communities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1467112.

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Allen, Rosalind. Understanding Microbial Communities: Function, Structure and Dynamics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, enero de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1008795.

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Wilson, D. The evolution of functionally organized communities: Theory and test. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7151854.

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Austin, Denise. Bringing Functional Family Probation Services to the Community: A Qualitative Case Study. Portland State University Library, enero de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1435.

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Flores-Bello, Cristina, Elsa Correa-Muñoz, Martha Asunción Sánchez-Rodríguez y Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez. Effect of self-care programs on functional capacity and wellbeing in community-dwelling older adults. A systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, mayo de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0053.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to present a synthesis of knowledge about the effect of self-care programs on the functional capacity in community-dwelling older adults. For this reason, the following question will be addressed: ¿What is the effect of self-care programs on the functional capacity in community-dwelling older adults? P: Community-dwelling older adults; I: Self-care programs for healthy aging; C: Without self-care programs; O: Functional capacity (SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; AADL, advanced activities of daily living) and wellbeing (self-esteem, quality of life, life satisfaction). Information sources: A systematic search was performed of scientific data on five data bases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, and TESIUNAM.

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Kostka, Joel E., Om Prakash, Stefan J. Green, Denise Akob, Puja Jasrotia, Lee Kerkhof, Kuk-Jeong Chin et al. Structure and function of subsurface microbial communities affecting radionuclide transport and bioimmobilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mayo de 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1149158.

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Joel E. Kostka, Lee Kerkhof, Kuk-Jeong Chin, Martin Keller y Joseph W. Stucki. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF SUBSURFACE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES AFFECTING RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT AND BIOIMMOBILIZATION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), junio de 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1016167.

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