Literatura académica sobre el tema "Fujin (Osaka, Japan)"

The Osawa River, which has its headwaters at the top of Mt. Fuji, has one of the largest failure in Japan, the Osawa Failure, in its uppermost part of the catchment. The Osawa Failure produces more than 100,000m3 of sediment every year by erosion and collapse, which causes debris flows and slash avalanches. Since its opening in 1970, the Fuji Sabo Office has been observing the sediment dynamics of the Osawa River through field surveys, observation equipment and aerial photogrammetry, aerial laser survey, and Japanese pipe hydrophone. In 2021, the largest debris flows since the start of observations in the Osawa River occurred twice in March and August. In the March 21 debris flow, 416,000m3 of sediment flowed down from the Osawa Failure, and 482,000m3 was deposited in the alluvial fan. In the August 18 debris flow, 421,000m3 of sediment was deposited in the alluvial fan. Our observations from CCTV cameras, rain gauges, and other equipment installed in the Osawa River indicate that the rainfall characteristics during the two debris flows were different, and that the conditions for debris flows differed depending on the season.

Yamaguchi M, Fujii M, Miyake A. Cyclic AMP regulator expression of activin and inhibin subunit mRNAs in the mouse placenta and decidua. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;135:379–81. ISSN 0804–4643 We examined whether cAMP regulates expression of activin/inhibin subunit mRNAs in the mouse placenta and decidua. 8-Bromo-cAMP inhibited expression of inhibin α-subunit mRNA but stimulated expression of activin/inhibin βA- and βB-subunit mRNAs in placenta and decidua by the 3rd day of culture. Forskolin and cholera toxin also regulated expression of activin/inhibin subunit mRNAs in the same manner. However, activin-A did not affect expression of activin/inhibin subunit mRNAs. These findings suggest that cAMP inhibits inhibin production but stimulates activin production in the mouse placenta and decidua. Masaaki Yamaguchi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565, Japan

The review of modern scientific and technical literature on supercapacitors produced by industrial companies is presented. The advantages of supercapacitors compared to batteries are: high power density, high cycleability, the ability to operate at extreme temperatures from –50 to +60°C, energy efficiency up to 100% and the ability to charge in a very short time. The review examines the characteristics of supercapacitors manufactured by the following companies: Maxwell Technologies (California, USA), NessCap (Republic of Korea), ApowerCap (California, USA), Skeleton Technologies (Germany, Estonia), EPCOS (Munich, Germany), Panasonic (Osaka, Japan), Fuji Heavy (Shibuya, Japan), Asahi Glass (Tokyo, Japan), ESMA (Moscow region, Russian Federation). The characteristics considered in the article include specific energy, power density, full discharge time, full charge time, discharge efficiency, the number of full cycles, rated voltage and temperature range.

This article describes an engineer, his grand thought, prominent works, and contribution to the advancement of spatial structures based on geometry and mechanism. He is Dr Mamoru Kawaguchi, who lived in Japan for almost 90 years from 1932 to 2019. In his life, he designed a large number of epoch-making structures in the field of spatial structures in Japan and worldwide. These encompass structures of wood, concrete, steel, fabrics, and even air and water. His approach for structural design is very strict and broad with respect to geometry and mechanism and with respect to design concept, analysis, construction, fail-safe, and control as same as an academician of philosophy. The structures of Yoyogi Swimming Pool for the Tokyo Olympic Games 1964, the Grand Roof of the Osaka World Exhibition 1970, Fuji Group Pavilion, Pantadome, Suspendome, and a jumbo fabric carp flying across the sky are introduced in this article in order to remember him and to highlight his grand thought and eminent spatial structures.

The 2006 JSME Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (ROBOMEC'06) was held at Waseda University and Shinjuku Cosmic Center, Tokyo, Japan, on May 26-28, 2006, sponsored by the Robotics and Mechatronics Division of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. Prof. Fujie of Waseda University served as general chair and Prof. Sugano of Waseda University as program chair. The conference, whose theme was ""Robot Technology Integration for Improved Quality of Life,"" was to help establish new life style in coming aged society using advanced robotics and mechatronics technologies. Organized sessions numbered 63 and papers 883, again a record for the conference. This special issue presents 13 papers from the conference culled from 90 outstanding presentations – some 14% of the total – which were further narrowed to 37 before final selection for Part 1 (Vol.19, No.2). We thank the authors for their invaluable contributions to this issue and the reviewers for their time and effort. We also thank the former Editor-in-Chief Prof. Makoto Kaneko of Osaka University for organizing this special issue.

The 2006 JSME Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (ROBOMEC'06) was held at Waseda University and Shinjuku Cosmic Center, Tokyo, Japan, on May 26-28, 2006, sponsored by the Robotics and Mechatronics Division of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. Prof. Fujie of Waseda University served as general chair and Prof. Sugano of Waseda University as program chair. The conference, whose theme was ""Robot Technology Integration for Improved Quality of Life,"" was to help establish new life style in coming aged society using advanced robotics and mechatronics technologies. Organized sessions numbered 63 and papers 883, again a record for the conference. This special issue presents 12 papers from the conference culled from 90 outstanding presentations - some 10% of the total - which were further narrowed to 37 before final selection for Part 2 (Vol.19, No.3). Thirteen papers have already been published in Vol.19 No.2. We thank the authors for their invaluable contributions to this issue and the reviewers for their time and effort. We also thank the former Editor-in-Chief Prof. Makoto Kaneko of Osaka University for organizing this special issue.

In this case, it was aimed to restore a traumatized permanent incisor with open apex using a modified polyethylene fiber post after amputation as well as to present a four-year long term follow-up. A healthy 10-year-old boy was referred with a complaint of pain caused by tooth number 11. The patient fell and broke his upper incisor ten days ago and no treatment was done before. Total amputation was carried out after clinical and radiological examination. The exposed root pulp was covered with BiodentineTM (Septodent, Saint-Maur-Fosses Codex, France). Glass-ionomer cement (Fuji IX extra, GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan) was placed on the BiodentineTM, and after a 3-month follow-up, polyethylene fiber post (Ribbond, Seattle, WA, USA) was placed in the crown since healing was observed in the relevant tooth. The restoration was completed with composite resin (Clearfil Majesty Esthetic Kuraray, Osaka, Japan). Four years later, radiographic examination revealed completed root formation and complete root obliteration. Clinical examination revealed favorable esthetic and functional outcome. Traditional treatments can be modified in order to obtain long term clinical success. Polyethylene fiber post can be used as an alternative method to root canal therapy in complicated crown fractures in teeth with immature root formation due to the advantages such as the possibility of modification according to the crown, aesthetics, easy application, and supporting the vitality of the tooth.

Hikifuda are woodcut or lithograph prints that retailers and wholesalers, mercantile agencies, and other organizations in Japan of the Meiji era (1868–1912) used as advertising materials. The Meiji era was the period of great Japanese transformation from a medieval country into a modern power which was treated by European countries as equal. As a result, the new type of advertisement helped in spreading western ideas and lifestyles among the residents. Besides, the low price and mass production of the leaflets is another reason for their high popularity along with in whole Japan. The hikifuda handbills gave start to a new stage in the Japanese advertising industry and developed means of communication, connected Japanese traditional art with European modern trade tendencies. They have a great variety of subjects, which contain deep symbols and signs related to Japanese history and culture: traditional Japanese Ukiyo-e engravings: Women in kimono, children, the Seven Gods of Fortune Ebisu, Daikokuten, Benzaiten and others, dragons and mount Fuji and other various symbols. Besides traditional Japanese symbols, telephones, telegraph poles, mailboxes, European clothing stores, and even tobacco shops were depicted as signs of the influence of the Western lifestyle on the Japanese economy, politics, culture, and everyday life. The research is based on materials from the collection of the RSAL Iconography Department that hosts various samples of hikifuda advertising leaflets. Presumably, they were produced in the early 20th century by the Osaka printing workshop. Japanese advertising leaflets in the Russian State Art Library (RSAL) collection represent an interesting, but still poorly researched layer of urban art in Japan at the turn of the 19th—20th century.

Abstract. Debris flows are one of the most destructive sediment transport processes in mountainous areas because of their large volume, high velocity, and kinematic energy. Debris flow activity varies over time and is affected by changes in hydrogeomorphic processes in the initiation zone. To clarify temporal changes in debris flow activities in cold regions, the rainfall threshold for the debris flow occurrence was evaluated in Osawa failure at a high elevation on Mt. Fuji, Japan. We conducted field monitoring of the ground temperature near a debris flow initiation zone to estimate the presence or absence of seasonally frozen ground during historical rainfall events. The effects of ground freezing and the accumulation of channel deposits on the rainfall threshold for debris flow occurrence were analyzed using rainfall records and annual changes in the volume of channel deposits since 1969. Statistical analyses showed that the intensity–duration threshold during frozen periods was clearly lower than that during unfrozen periods. A comparison of maximum hourly rainfall intensity and total rainfall also showed that debris flows during frozen periods were triggered by a smaller magnitude of rainfall than during unfrozen periods. Decreases in the infiltration rate due to the formation of frozen ground likely facilitated the generation of overland flow, triggering debris flows. The results suggest that the occurrence of frozen ground and the sediment storage volume need to be monitored and estimated for better debris flow disaster mitigation in cold regions.

Background2022 EULAR recommendation announced that both biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) are considered in the phase Ⅱ treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, we still lack reliable evidence of direct comparison between these agents’ retention, which may reflect effectiveness and safety.ObjectivesThe aim of this multi-center (7 university-related hospitals)[1]-[3], retrospective study is to clarify the factors affecting treatment retention of bDMARDs and JAKi in a real-world setting.MethodsThis study assessed 6,666 treatment courses of bDMARDs and JAKi introduced from 2001 to 2022 (TNF inhibitors [TNFi]=3,577, anti-IL-6 receptor antibody [aIL-6R]=1,497, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4-Ig [CTLA4-Ig]=1,139, JAKi=453; Bio/JAK naive cases 55.4%, baseline age 58.8 years, female 82.6%, disease duration 9.7 years, DAS28-ESR 4.3, concomitant methotrexate [MTX] [52.8%], other csDMARDs [26.0%], and oral glucocorticoid [GC] [36.4%]). Reasons for discontinuation were classified into four categories by each attending physician: 1) lack of effectiveness (primary and secondary), 2) toxic adverse events (infection, malignancies, and cardiovascular events, et al.), 3) non-toxic reasons (patient preference, change in hospital, and pregnancy, et al.), and 4) remission. Retention rates of each discontinuation reason were estimated at 36 months using the Kaplan-Meier method and adjusted for potential clinical confounders (age, sex, concomitant GC, MTX, and other csDMARDs, switched number of bDMARDs or JAKi, and prior use of TNFi, aIL-6R, CTLA4-Ig, or JAKi) using Cox proportional hazards modeling.ResultsAdjusted retention rates for each discontinuation reason were as follows: due to lack of effectiveness was aIL-6R=80.9%, JAKi=75.2%, CTLA4-Ig=73.6%, and TNFi=66.1% (Cox P<0.001 between 4 groups) (figure 1a), due to toxic adverse events was CTLA4-Ig=88.0%, JAKi=86.4%, aIL-6R=84.1%, and TNFi=83.6% (Cox P=0.052) (figure 1b), due to non-toxic reasons was aIL-6R=86.9%, TNFi=85.9%, JAKi=85.9%, and CTLA4-Ig=82.6% (Cox P=0.064), and due to remission was JAKi=97.1%, CTLA4-Ig=96.7%, aIL-6R=96.0%, and TNFi=94.9% (Cox P=0.18). Compared to TNFi, aIL-6R (hazard ratio [HR]=0.54, 95%CI=0.47–0.61, P<0.001), JAKi (HR=0.69, 95%CI=0.56–0.85, P<0.001), and CTLA4-Ig (HR=0.75, 95%CI=0.66–0.86, P<0.001) showed lower discontinuation rate due to lack of effectiveness. Compared to TNFi, CTLA4-Ig showed lower discontinuation rate due to toxic adverse events (HR=0.77, 95%CI=0.63–0.93, P=0.008) and remission (HR=0.67, 95%CI=0.46–0.98, P=0.041). Other factors increasing drug discontinuation due to lack of effectiveness was switched number of bDMARDs or JAKi (HR=1.42, 95%CI=1.24–1.63, P<0.001), concomitant GC (HR=1.17, 95%CI=1.06–1.29, P=0.0018), and prior aIL-6R use (HR=1.24, 95%CI=1.05–1.45, P=0.011). On the other hand, higher age (HR=1.01, 95%CI=1.00–1.02, P<0.001) and concomitant GC (HR=1.29, 95%CI=0.47–0.61, P<0.001) increased drug discontinuation due to toxic adverse events.ConclusionAdjusted by potential confounders, aIL-6R showed lowest discontinuation due to lack of effectiveness, and CTLA4-Ig showed lowest discontinuation due to toxic adverse events. Besides the difference of bDMARDs and JAKi, concomitant GC increased drug discontinuation due to lack of effectiveness and toxic adverse events.References[1]Ebina K, et al. Drug tolerability and reasons for discontinuation of seven biologics in 4466 treatment courses of rheumatoid arthritis-the ANSWER cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther. Apr 11 2019;21(1):91.[2]Ebina K, et al. Drug retention of 7 biologics and tofacitinib in biologics-naive and biologics-switched patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the ANSWER cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther. Jun 15 2020;22(1):142.[3]Ebina K, et al. Factors affecting drug retention of Janus kinase inhibitors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the ANSWER cohort study. Sci Rep. Jan 7 2022;12(1):134.Figure 1.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsKosuke Ebina Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Asahi-Kasei, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Ono Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Sanofi, Taisho, and UCB Japan., Consultant of: Asahi-Kasei and Taisho., Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi-Kasei, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, and Teijin Pharma. Affiliated with the Department of Musculoskeletal Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, which is supported by Taisho., Yuki Etani Grant/research support from: Eli Lilly, Yuichi Maeda Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Pfizer Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb, and Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Grant/research support from: Eli Lilly, Yasutaka Okita Speakers bureau: Chugai Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, and Ono, Makoto Hirao Speakers bureau: Astellas, Ono Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Pfizer, Ayumi, and Takeda, Wataru Yamamoto: None declared, Motomu Hashimoto Speakers bureau: Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Novartis Pharma, Grant/research support from: Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Novartis Pharma, Koichi Murata Speakers bureau: AbbVie GK, Eisai Co., Ltd., Pfizer Inc., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Pfizer Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd., and Asahi Kasei Pharma Corp., Grant/research support from: Daiichi Sankyo, Ryota Hara Speakers bureau: AbbVie and Eisai, Koji Nagai: None declared, Yuri Hiramatsu: None declared, Yonsu Son: None declared, Hideki Amuro: None declared, Takayuki Fujii Speakers bureau: Asahi Kasei Pharma, Abbvie, Jansen, Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharma, and Eisai, Takaichi Okano: None declared, Yo Ueda: None declared, Masaki Katayama: None declared, Tadashi Okano Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Janssen and Novartis Pharma., Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Asahi Kasei, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly and Tanabe Mitsubishi., Atsushi Kumanogoh Speakers bureau: Chugai, Eisai, Tanabe-Mitsubishi, Abbvie, and Ono, Grant/research support from: Chugai, Seiji Okada: None declared, Ken Nakata Grant/research support from: Astellas.