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Köster, Pamela Carolina, Begoña Bailo, Alejandro Dashti, Carolina Hernández-Castro, Rafael Calero-Bernal, Francisco Ponce-Gordo, David González-Barrio y David Carmena. "Long-Term Preservation and Storage of Faecal Samples in Whatman® Cards for PCR Detection and Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium hominis". Animals 11, n.º 5 (12 de mayo de 2021): 1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11051369.
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Preservation and conservation of biological specimens, including faecal samples, is a challenge in remote areas or poor-resource settings where the cold chain cannot be maintained. This study aims at evaluating the suitability of filter cards for long-term storage of faecal samples of animal and human origin positive to the diarrhoea-causing protozoan parasites, Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium hominis. Three commercially available Whatman® Filter Cards were comparatively assessed: the FTA® Classic Card, the FTA® Elute Micro Card, and the 903 Protein Saver Card. Human faecal samples positive to G. duodenalis (n = 5) and C. hominis (n = 5) were used to impregnate the selected cards at given storage (1 month, 3 months, and 6 months) periods and temperature (−20 °C, 4 °C, and room temperature) conditions. Parasite DNA was detected by PCR-based methods. Sensitivity assays and quality control procedures to assess suitability for genotyping purposes were conducted. Overall, all three Whatman® cards were proven useful for the detection and molecular characterisation of G. duodenalis and C. hominis under the evaluated conditions. Whatman® cards represent a simple, safe, and cost-effective option for the transportation, preservation, and storage of faecal samples without the need of the cold chain.
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Pedrão, Priscila Grecca, Ana Carolina de Carvalho, Júlio César Possati-Resende, Fernanda de Paula Cury, Nathália C. Campanella, Cristina Mendes de Oliveira y José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani. "DNA Recovery Using Ethanol-Based Liquid Medium from FTA Card-Stored Samples for HPV Detection". Acta Cytologica 65, n.º 3 (2021): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000515913.
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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Alternative methods of dry storage and transportation may be a viable alternative to the use of liquid storage medium for cervical samples, especially for screening programs in places with few resources. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The objective of this study is to verify the viability and efficacy of human papillomavirus DNA (HPV-DNA) detection in cervical cell samples collected and stored on a Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) card (Whatman Indicating FTA<sup>®</sup> Elute Micro Card) and subsequently recovered in ethanol-based liquid medium and to compare the results to those obtained using samples stored directly in ethanol-based liquid medium. <b><i>Study Design:</i></b> Thirty-four women submitted to ETZ (excision of the transformation zone of the cervix) were included in this study. Before ETZ, 2 samples of exfoliated cervical cells were collected from each woman by a doctor and stored in ethanol-based liquid medium and on an FTA card. DNA recovery from FTA samples was performed using ethanol-based liquid medium. Detection of HPV-DNA in the samples was performed using the Cobas® 4800 HPV Test Platform. <b><i>Results and Conclusions:</i></b> The HPV-DNA detection positivity rates were 70.6% for the samples collected directly in liquid medium and 64.7% for the samples stored on the FTA card, with high detection accuracy in the DNA samples recovered from the FTA card (area under the curve = 0.958; 95% confidence interval = 0.890–1.000). The concordance between the results obtained using the 2 storage media was 94.1% (Kappa = 0.866). These preliminary results suggest that collection of cervical material on an FTA card may be an alternative to storage in liquid medium since the liquid medium has some limitations. In addition, DNA recovery from the card using ethanol-based liquid medium streamlines the workflow in the laboratory and reduces the cost associated with reagents, thereby facilitating access to the HPV test in places with few resources and potentially improving cervical cancer screening.
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Shalaby, Azhar G., Neveen R. Bakry, Abeer A. E. Mohamed y Ashraf A. Khalil. "Evaluating Flinders Technology Associates card for transporting bacterial isolates and retrieval of bacterial DNA after various storage conditions". October-2020 13, n.º 10 (2020): 2243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.2243-2251.
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Background and Aim: Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards simplify sample storage, transport, and extraction by reducing cost and time for diagnosis. This study evaluated the FTA suitability for safe transport and storage of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cells of animal origin on its liquid culture form and from organ impression smears (tissues) under the same routine condition of microbiological laboratory along with detecting their nucleic acid over different storage conditions. Materials and Methods: Increase in bacterial count from 104 to 107 (colony-forming units/mL) of 78 isolates representing seven bacterial species was applied onto cards. FTA cards were grouped and inoculated by these bacteria and then stored at different conditions of 24-27°C, 4°C, and –20°C for 24 h, for 2 weeks, for 1 and 3 month storage, respectively. Bacteriological examination was done, after which bacterial DNA was identified using specific primers for each bacterial type and detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The total percentage of recovered bacteria from FTA cards was 66.7% at 24-27–C for 24 h, the detection limit was 100% in Gram-positive species, while it was 57.4% in Gram-negative ones. Regarding viable cell detection from organ impression smears, it was successful under the previous conditions. No live bacterial cells were observed by bacteriological isolation rather than only at 24-27°C for 24 h storage. All bacterial DNA were sufficiently confirmed by the PCR technique at different conditions. Conclusion: Overall, the FTA card method was observed to be a valid tool for nucleic acid purification for bacteria of animal origin in the form of culture or organ smears regardless of its Gram type and is used for a short time only 24 h for storage and transport of live bacteria specifically Gram-positive type. Moreover, the bacterial nucleic acid was intact after storage in –20°C for 3 months and was PCR amplifiable.
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Dobbs, Larry J., Merle N. Madigan, Alexis B. Carter y Lori Earls. "Use of FTA Gene Guard Filter Paper for the Storage and Transportation of Tumor Cells for Molecular Testing". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 126, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2002): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2002-126-0056-uofggf.
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Abstract Context.—Efficient methods of storing tumor specimens for molecular testing are needed in the modern surgical pathology laboratory. The FTA Gene Guard system is a novel method for the collection and room temperature storage of blood samples for DNA testing. The method uses index card–sized filter papers that provide an ideal medium on which to store tumor specimens for DNA testing. Objective.—To determine whether FTA filter paper can be used in the surgical pathology laboratory to store tumor cells for DNA testing. Design.—Cell suspensions were prepared from 60 surgical specimens, and DNA was extracted either immediately or after storage on FTA paper. The DNA extracted by each method was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the β-globin and interferon gamma genes, and the results were compared. Fifteen lymph node specimens stored on FTA paper were then tested for immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement by PCR, and these results were compared with those obtained for immediately extracted DNA. Setting.—University medical center. Results.—The DNA extracted from cells stored on FTA paper performed as well in the PCR as the freshly extracted DNA in nearly all cases (>95%). The results of tests for IgH gene rearrangements showed 100% concordance between the 2 methods of DNA extraction. Conclusion.—Cells from surgical specimens can be stored on FTA paper for extended lengths of time, and DNA can be extracted from these cells for PCR-based testing. FTA filter paper is a reliable medium for the storage and/or transport of tumor cells for PCR-based DNA analysis.
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Marek, Martin, Miloslav Zouhar, Ondřej Douda, Marie Maňasová y Pavel Ryšánek. "Exploitation of FTA Cartridges for the Sampling, Long-Term Storage, and DNA-Based Analyses of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes". Phytopathology® 104, n.º 3 (marzo de 2014): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-03-13-0067-r.
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The use of DNA-based analyses in molecular plant nematology research has dramatically increased over recent decades. Therefore, the development and adaptation of simple, robust, and cost-effective DNA purification procedures are required to address these contemporary challenges. The solid-phase-based approach developed by Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) has been shown to be a powerful technology for the preparation of DNA from different biological materials, including blood, saliva, plant tissues, and various human and plant microbial pathogens. In this work, we demonstrate, for the first time, that this FTA-based technology is a valuable, low-cost, and time-saving approach for the sampling, long-term archiving, and molecular analysis of plant-parasitic nematodes. Despite the complex structure and anatomical organization of the multicellular bodies of nematodes, we report the successful and reliable DNA-based analysis of nematode high-copy and low-copy genes using the FTA technology. This was achieved by applying nematodes to the FTA cards either in the form of a suspension of individuals, as intact or pestle-crushed nematodes, or by the direct mechanical printing of nematode-infested plant tissues. We further demonstrate that the FTA method is also suitable for the so-called “one-nematode-assay”, in which the target DNA is typically analyzed from a single individual nematode. More surprisingly, a time-course experiment showed that nematode DNA can be detected specifically in the FTA-captured samples many years after initial sampling occurs. Collectively, our data clearly demonstrate the applicability and the robustness of this FTA-based approach for molecular research and diagnostics concerning phytonematodes; this research includes economically important species such as the stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci), the sugar beet nematode (Heterodera schachtii), and the Northern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla).
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Walker, Rosie M., Louise MacGillivray, Sarah McCafferty, Nicola Wrobel, Lee Murphy, Shona M. Kerr, Stewart W. Morris et al. "Assessment of dried blood spots for DNA methylation profiling". Wellcome Open Research 4 (6 de marzo de 2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15136.1.
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Background: DNA methylation reflects health-related environmental exposures and genetic risk, providing insights into aetiological mechanisms and potentially predicting disease onset, progression and treatment response. An increasingly recognised need for large-scale, longitudinally-profiled samples collected world-wide has made the development of efficient and straightforward sample collection and storage procedures a pressing issue. An alternative to the low-temperature storage of EDTA tubes of venous blood samples, which are frequently the source of the DNA used in such studies, is to collect and store at room temperature blood samples using purpose built filter paper, such as Whatman FTA® cards. Our goal was to determine whether DNA stored in this manner can be used to generate DNA methylation profiles comparable to those generated using blood samples frozen in EDTA tubes. Methods: DNA methylation profiles were obtained from matched EDTA tube and Whatman FTA® card whole-blood samples from 62 Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study participants using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Multiple quality control procedures were implemented, the relationship between the two sample types assessed, and epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) performed for smoking status, age and the interaction between these variables and sample storage method. Results: Dried blood spot (DBS) DNA methylation profiles were of good quality and DNA methylation profiles from matched DBS and EDTA tube samples were highly correlated (mean r = 0.991) and could distinguish between participants. EWASs replicated established associations for smoking and age, with no evidence for moderation by storage method. Conclusions: Our results support the use of Whatman FTA® cards for collecting and storing blood samples for DNA methylation profiling. This approach is likely to be particularly beneficial for large-scale studies and those carried out in areas where freezer access is limited. Furthermore, our results will inform consideration of the use of newborn heel prick DBSs for research use.
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Almeida, C. N., T. Q. Furian, K. A. Borges, G. Perdoncini, M. J. Mauel, S. L. S. Rocha, V. P. Nascimento, C. T. P. Salle y H. L. S. Moraes. "Assessment of FTA card employment for Pasteurella multocida DNA transport and detection of virulence-associated genes in strains isolated from fowl cholera in the United States". Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 70, n.º 6 (diciembre de 2018): 1855–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9821.
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ABSTRACT Fowl Cholera (FC) is a disease caused by Pasteurella multocida. The severity of this disease is partly caused by virulence factors. Genes encoding fimbriae, capsule, sialidases and proteins for iron metabolism may be related to P. multocida’s ability to infect the host. Besides to examining DNA for the presence of virulence genes, DNA is essential for the diagnostic and FTA cards are an alternative for genetic material transport. The study aims to evaluate the viability of P. multocida DNA transport using the cards and to detect 14 virulence genes in 27 strains isolated from FC cases in the United States by multiplex-PCR. No growth was observed in any of the FTA cards, which was essential to assess the security. Furthermore, DNA detection was possible in 100% of the samples, independent of the storage period (7 to 35 days) and temperature (4°C and 37°C). ptfA, exbd-tonB, hgbA, nanB, oma87, hyaD-hyaC, sodC, hgbB, sodA, nanH and pfhA genes were detected in more than 80% of the samples. FTA cards have proven to be a viable and safe tool for DNA transport of P. multocida. A majority of genes showed a high frequency, which was similar to strains isolated from FC cases.
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Gustavsson, Inger, Monica Lindell, Erik Wilander, Anders Strand y Ulf Gyllensten. "Use of FTA card for dry collection, transportation and storage of cervical cell specimen to detect high-risk HPV". Journal of Clinical Virology 46, n.º 2 (octubre de 2009): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2009.06.021.
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Jiang, Li Ying, Yan Zhang, Fen Fen Wang, Jie Hu, Yan Xia Yan y Guang Zhao Cui. "Construction of a Simple Electro-Chemical Analyzer". Advanced Materials Research 590 (noviembre de 2012): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.590.227.
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In this work, a computerized electro-chemical analyzer based on LabVIEW is proposed. This analyzer is made up of two main parts, the hardware part and software part. The former part consists of computer, data acquisition card, and signal conditioning module, which is clearly described in this paper. The software part includes data acquisition, data processing, data storage and data displaying that are programmed in LabVIEW. The measuring methods of cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry have been realized with this analyzer.
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Liu, Yin, Lu Zhang, Jin Du, Peng Zhang, Xue Li Song y Zhao Wen Li. "Empirical Design for an Advanced Embedded Remote Monitoring System Based on Computer Network Technology". Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (mayo de 2013): 2638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.2638.
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This study presents a design of an advanced embedded remote monitoring system based on the current computer network technology.This monitoring system carries out a data acquisition process by an embedded field monitor uploads the environmental information and alarm massages to a monitoring center computer and completes the data processing and data storage. The field monitor used in the monitoring system is composed of a data acquisition card and a network transmission card. This monitoring system with low cost simple equipments has practical accuracy that is suitable for unmanned machine room, base station, intelligent community and living house.
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Zhang, Fan, Jian Dong Mao, Zhi Min Rao y Ya Ya Zhang. "The Design of Image Acquisition System Based on Contex-M3". Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (enero de 2013): 1148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.1148.
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A CMOS image acquisition system based on Contex-M3 is developed. In design STM32F103X is selected as the main controller, OV7670 is used for image sensors. In order to capture high-speed digital image, the FIFO buffer chip AL422B and SD Card under the control of the DMA are employed to directly transfer data. Moreover the SD card and 2.8 inch TFT LCD are selected to storage and display image data, respectively. Because of small size, low power, simple structure and low cost, the image acquisition system can provide an important reference value for development of similar system.
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Lalani, Tahaniyat, Michele D. Tisdale, Jie Liu, Indrani Mitra, Cliff Philip, Elizabeth Odundo, Faviola Reyes et al. "Comparison of stool collection and storage on Whatman FTA Elute cards versus frozen stool for enteropathogen detection using the TaqMan Array Card PCR assay". PLOS ONE 13, n.º 8 (30 de agosto de 2018): e0202178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202178.
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Li, Sheng, Xin Lin Jin, Ming Kun Luo y Chao Jun Fan. "Research and Application of Mine Roadway Deformation Monitoring by Ultrasonic Technology". Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (junio de 2014): 1070–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.1070.
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Coal mine roadway deformation have a significant impact on coal mine production. Based on the Arduino microcontroller system and ultrasonic distance sensor, through temperature compensation and system fixes, designed a roadway deformation monitoring system which is high accuracy, low price and simple operation. Monitoring results through the LCD display, and SD card for data storage, the system achieved real-time monitoring of roadway deformation. The system was actually tested in coal mine, and achieved good monitoring results.
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Anisa, Anisa, Torib Hamzah y Muhammad Ridha Mak'ruf. "Peak Flow Meter with Measurement Analysis". Indonesian Journal of electronics, electromedical engineering, and medical informatics 2, n.º 3 (25 de noviembre de 2020): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/ijeeemi.v2i3.1.
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The Peak flow meter is a device used to measure the amount of airflow in the human airway or often referred to as PFR (Peak Flow Rate). Peak Flow Rate (PFR) measurement is a simple and reliable way to detect airway obstruction. PFR measurement is a simple, non-invasive, fast and economic method to assess the strength and speed of expiration in L / min, through maximum expiration of capacity total lung. The results of peak flow data can illustrate early warning signs for an illness that in some cases may show a decrease in lung function 1-3 days before other respiratory symptoms become apparent. This module is designed using MPX5100GP sensor. This sensor has a pressure range of 0-100 Kpa. The Nature module is also equipped with data storage facilities using an SD Card so that the measurement data can be processed using Ms. Excel to find out graph data for further diagnostic purposes. The inspection results can be directly viewed on the display and also automatically stored in the SD Card storage that has been available. This module has the highest error rate of 4.41% and the lowest error value of 0.42% compared to the original device. From the data collection that has been done, it can be concluded that this module can be used for the inspection process.
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Wang, Pei y Jing Wang. "A Real-Time Sound Data Collection and Transmitting System Based on LabVIEW". Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (agosto de 2013): 3730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.3730.
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The current sound data collecting system can`t meet the demand of the engineers on special occasions to master the process of the signal acquisition from remote timely. In order to solve this problem, this article designed a real-time monitoring system which can collect the signal by a sound card and implement the analysis of the sound signal`s power spectrum and phase spectrum, storage and playback. In addition, it can use the TCP/IP protocol to transmit the signal to remote engineers timely. Practice shows us that the system has the characters of simple structure, steady data transition, low cost and friendly interaction.
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Wang, Ping Chieh, Chii Maw Uang y Zu Sheng Ho. "A Low Cost Data Logger for Industry Applications". Applied Mechanics and Materials 389 (agosto de 2013): 513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.389.513.
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The data logger is an important experimental apparatus for any experiments, even could affect the results. Unlike traditional data recorder, a modified portable data logger with advantages of high performance, small size, high storage capacity and easy use for any applications is been provided. This machine based on low power ARM cortex-m3 and no license fee BSD software, includes dual USB disk, small flash memory embedded inside machine for low range data record, a removable SD card for high range data record, a RS232 terminal for engineering function or debug, a simple controllable software filter, a small LCD and three keys as human interface for easy using.
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Tian, Tian, Wu Jian y Nie Li. "Measurement of Amplifier Open-Loop Amplitude Frequency Characteristics Based on Virtual Instrument". Applied Mechanics and Materials 475-476 (diciembre de 2013): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.16.
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In the electronic measurement field, how to measure the open-loop amplitude frequency characteristics of the amplifier automatically is a question to be overcame. And now , the system ,which under the integrated development environment that the virtual instrument software LabVIEW provides, to measure the open-loop amplitude frequency characteristics of the amplifier is developed by combining the modern electronic measurement technology and computer data processing technology. The virtual signal generator which is based on the data acquisition card, signal acquisition, correlation analysis, frequency response analysis, etc is included in the system. This design mainly includes the hardware circuit and the software program. The hardware circuit consists of the low noise preamplifier, measured operational amplifier, data acquisition card, power supply, computer, etc. Modular design is adopted in the software part, which includes the design of soft panel, signal generation, collection and analysis module. The advantages of the virtual instrument, such as the digital signal processing, waveform data automatic storage, graphical programming, are fully used in the modern electronic measurement. Simple structure, low cost, high level of test automation are its characteristics.
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Kharisma, Mila, Iwan Sugriwan y Ade Agung Harnawan. "Pembuatan Alat Ukur Multi Kanal Kelembaban Tanah Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno". Jurnal Fisika FLUX 1, n.º 1 (26 de enero de 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/flux.v1i1.6153.
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Soil moisture very important to be measured per unit of time, especially in peat soils that have high porosity value. The measuring device for detection of soil moisture is realized on this research. The soil moisture measuring instrument is built by three main blocks of an instrument, that are four soil moisture sensors YL-69s, Arduino Uno as measurement processing unit that equipped with sd card as data storage unit and 20x4 character LCD as a display unit of the measurement result. The span value of the measuring device ranges from 0% to 95 % with deviation from 0% to 4.88%.The advantages of the measurement instrument system are simple in the operational process, real-time monitoring and stored automatically.
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Kim, S. A., S. H. Park, S. I. Lee y S. C. Ricke. "Rapid and simple method by combining FTA™ card DNA extraction with two set multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia colistrains and virulence genes in food samples". Letters in Applied Microbiology 65, n.º 6 (24 de octubre de 2017): 482–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lam.12805.
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Zaragozí, Benito, Sergio Trilles, Aaron Gutiérrez y Daniel Miravet. "Development of a Common Framework for Analysing Public Transport Smart Card Data". Energies 14, n.º 19 (24 de septiembre de 2021): 6083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196083.
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The data generated in public transport systems have proven to be of great importance in improving knowledge of public transport systems, being very valuable in promoting the sustainability of public transport through rational management. However, the analysis of this data involves numerous tasks, so that when the value of analysing the data is finally verified, the effort has already been very great. The management and analysis of the collected data face some difficulties. This is the case of the data collected by the current automated fare collection systems. These systems do not follow any open standards and are not usually designed with a multipurpose nature, so they do not facilitate the data analysis workflow (i.e., acquisition, storage, quality control, integration and quantitative analysis). Intending to reduce this workload, we propose a conceptual framework for analysing data from automated fare collection systems in mobility studies. The main components of this framework are (1) a simple data model, (2) scripts for creating and querying the database and (3) a system for reusing the most useful queries. This framework has been tested in a real public transport consortium in a Spanish region shaped by tourism. The outcomes of this research work could be reused and applied, with a lower initial effort, in other areas that have data recorded by an automated fare collection system but are not sure if it is worth investing in exploiting the data. After this experience, we consider that, even with the legal limitations applicable to the analysis of this type of data, the use of open standards by automated fare collection systems would facilitate the use of this type of data to its full potential. Meanwhile, the use of a common framework may be enough to start analysing the data.
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Liu, Qiang, Guo Hua Fu, Xin Ge Lian y Jun Wang. "Based on ARM Embedded Remote Data Acquisition System". Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (diciembre de 2012): 1566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.1566.
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Because of the data acquisition system is more and more wide application range, involved the signal source and the type of more and more of the requirement of measurement, more and more is also high, the domestic now has quite a few data collection system and measurement, but many systems are simple function, and acquisition channel, the sampling rate is low, less complex operation, and higher requirements for test environment. People need a wide application range, high performance/price ratio of data acquisition system. In this paper, the main content is the use of ARM9 processor C2440A primarily controller series 3, design an embedded data acquisition system. Using ARM9 chip do microprocessor design remote data acquisition system, through the embedded Linux system video data collection USB cameras, the JPEG compression coding, ARM9 chip control data acquisition by most industrial environmental restrictions for collection system that has a large capacity of the storage and wireless forwarding function. This paper to S3C2440A as the core, with A piece of FPGA and A piece of Ethernet CS8900A controller for auxiliary to realize the digital parts of the system hardware, analog part two way by the A/D acquisition, variable gain amplifier and basic amplifying circuit component. The system also realize the SD card memory function and various interface such as serial ports and JTAG mouth. In the software of realized in development platform on Linux system of transplantation, separately from the Bootloader transplantation, Linux kernel transplantation and root file system, the establishment of the three are expounded. And completion of the A/D converter, SD card and CS8900A in the drive design under Linux, and finally the data acquisition, storage design and forwarding program.
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Nurdiansyah, Yanuar, Slamin Slamin y Juniar Priaditama. "Sistem Informasi Kartu Pegawai Elektronik (SI-KPE) Berbasis Web dan Mobile KPE Berbasis Android Dengan Menggunakan Metode AES-128". INFORMAL: Informatics Journal 3, n.º 3 (31 de diciembre de 2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/isj.v3i3.10075.
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East Java regional development Bank, known as the Bank of East Java was founded on august 17th 1951 in Surabaya. Bank of East Java has a lot of products and services for both civil society or non- civilservants.Oneofthemistheproduct elektronicservisservantcard(KPE).Datamanagementservices servants electronic card is very simple, make inefficient in terms of time and effort because the input file and file storage are still using manual system, as well as to disseminate announcements or events newest still using posters and other print media. File and information would be usefull if it is delivered to the user with an interest in the proper way. Currently, almost all file and information submitted throught the internet network. Security and confidentiality of file submitted via the internet is vulnerable to file theft by unauthorized parties. One way to maitain the security and confidentiality of such file is by using cryptographic methods. There are many cryptographic algorithms that are used to secure the file. One of which is an Algorithm Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). AES algorithm used in the reseacrh, namely AES-128 algorithm to encode digital files. So that the information contained in the file become more secure after converted into the file encrypt because the information can only be read by the party entitled. Employee card elektorinic information system (SI-KPE) and android based Mobile KPE using AES-128 method is a solution for Bank of East Java Jember branch
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Moss, R. A., C. A. Presant, M. Lamb, S. Tucker y F. Howard. "Implementation of the California Oncology Emergency Preparedness Plan (COEPP): Updated results of an ASCO-supported state oncology society (SOS) project for patient (PT) protection". Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, n.º 18_suppl (20 de junio de 2007): 17003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.17003.
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17003 Background: Following the Katrina disaster MOASC began developing a plan to provide continuity of care to cancer PT in the event of a disaster. ASCO provided grant support to further develop the plan and begin implementation. COEPP included oncologist (ONC) and PT education and enrollment, developing a simple, portable, PT owned data storage system, ensuring drug availability, establishing offsite data storage, and implementing a communications system. This report updates the progress and problems encountered in this process. Methods: A committee was formed to develop the plan. ONC were educated through the MOASC website and meetings. A PT wallet card (WC) was developed as an initial method to store clinical data. Drug companies were contacted to provide support and emergency drugs. Communication avenues were identified. Attitudes of ONC were surveyed through interviews. Results: ONC readily agreed to join the COEPP. The PT WC have recently begun to be distributed. PT have been enthusiastic to participate. HIPPA compliant digital storage is being explored, but lack of standardization remains a problem. These efforts have required considerable time expenditures by committee members. Drug companies have expressed enthusiasm, and to date, one company has provided a sizable grant. Drug manufacturers and drug wholesalers have separate emergency plans for determining who is responsible for ensuring drug availability to PT and storing current distribution data. However, ONC membership in COEPP continues to increase, and WC have been widely accepted by PT indicating success of the initial part of the program. Educational materials and WC examples will be distributed at the poster. Conclusions: COEPP, while still early in development, is becoming a successful model of emergency preparedness to protect continuity of care for cancer PT. Adequate funding is required for network development, coordination, legal protections, eventual digitization of treatment records, coordination of drug availability, and ONC and PT educational materials. With grants, this model plan can be implemented in other regions by SOS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Blanchard, Sophie, Martin Sadilek, C. Ronald Scott, Frantisek Turecek y Michael H. Gelb. "Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Direct Assay of Lysosomal Enzymes in Dried Blood Spots: Application to Screening Newborns for Mucopolysaccharidosis I". Clinical Chemistry 54, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 2008): 2067–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2008.115410.
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Abstract Background: Treatments now available for mucopolysaccharidosis I require early detection for optimum therapy. Therefore, we have developed an assay appropriate for newborn screening of the activity of the relevant enzyme, α-L-iduronidase. Methods: We synthesized a new α-L-iduronidase substrate that can be used to assay the enzyme by use of tandem mass spectrometry together with an internal standard or by fluorometry. The assay uses a dried blood spot on a newborn screening card as the enzyme source. The assay protocol uses a simple liquid-liquid extraction step before mass spectrometry. We optimized enzyme reaction conditions and procedures for the assay, including the concentration of substrate, the reaction pH, the incubation time, and mass spectrometer operation. We also assessed inter- and intraassay imprecision. Results: When the assay was tested on dried blood spots, the α-L-iduronidase activity measured for 5 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis I was well below the interval found for 10 randomly chosen newborns. Inter- and intraassay imprecision were <10%. The synthesis of the α-L-iduronidase substrate is practical for use on a scale needed to support newborn screening demands. Conclusions: This newly developed tandem mass spectrometry assay has the potential to be adopted for newborn screening of mucopolysaccharidosis I. This assay has advantages over a previously reported assay also developed in this laboratory and has the potential to be performed in a multiplex fashion to measure several lysosomal enzymes relevant to treatable lysosomal storage diseases.
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Bravo-Zanoguera, Miguel, Daniel Cuevas-González, Juan P. García-Vázquez, Roberto L. Avitia y M. A. Reyna. "Portable ECG System Design Using the AD8232 Microchip and Open-Source Platform". Proceedings 42, n.º 1 (14 de noviembre de 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-6-06584.
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This paper presents the design of a portable electrocardiograph (ECG) device using the AD8232 microchip as the analog front-end (AFE). Starting with the manufacturer’s evaluation board of the AFE chip for testing circuit configurations, open-source hardware and software components were integrated into a breadboard prototype. Ultimately, a custom printed circuit board (PCB) was produced. The prototype required to accommodate the microchip on a SMD-to-DIP adapter for testing with the breadboard-friendly Arduino microcontroller alongside a data logger and a Bluetooth breakout board. The analog ECG signal from the AFE output was digitized using one channel of the 10-bit analog-to-digital Converter (ADC) of the ATmega328 microcontroller contained in the Arduino Nano board. The digitized ECG signal can be transmitted not only by serial cable using the Arduino functions, but also via Bluetooth to a PC or to an Android smartphone system when the HC-06 shield is used. The data logging shield provides gigabytes of storage, and the signal is recorded to a micro SD card adapter along with the date and time stamp data of the sample capture (real-time clock provided). In addition to hardware and software development, a simulation was used in the analog circuit design with SPICE Multisim software and the related macromodel library to assess system stability. Besides the analog filters in the AFE stage, digital filtering by means of simple difference equations was investigated. A menu was incorporated to choose from the several modes of operation of the device. The ECG test signals were obtained from a patient simulator (SimCube) and real patients. A portable ECG system for monitoring applications that complies with electrical safety regulations and medical equipment design was realized.
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Ouédraogo, Samiratou, Valéry Ridde, Nicole Atchessi, Aurélia Souares, Jean-Louis Koulidiati, Quentin Stoeffler y Maria-Victoria Zunzunegui. "Characterisation of the rural indigent population in Burkina Faso: a screening tool for setting priority healthcare services in sub-Saharan Africa". BMJ Open 7, n.º 10 (octubre de 2017): e013405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013405.
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BackgroundIn Africa, health research on indigent people has focused on how to target them for services, but little research has been conducted to identify the social groups that compose indigence. Our aim was to identify what makes someone indigent beyond being recognised by the community as needing a card for free healthcare.MethodsWe used data from a survey conducted to evaluate a state-led intervention for performance-based financing of health services in two districts of Burkina Faso. In 2015, we analysed data of 1783 non-indigents and 829 people defined as indigents by their community in 21 villages following community-based targeting processes. Using a classification tree, we built a model to select socioeconomic and health characteristics that were likely to distinguish between non-indigents and indigents. We described the screening performance of the tree using data from specific nodes.ResultsWidow(er)s under 45 years of age, unmarried people aged 45 years and over, and married women aged 60 years and over were more likely to be identified as indigents by their community. Simple rules based on age, marital status and gender detected indigents with sensitivity of 75.6% and specificity of 55% among those 45 years and over; among those under 45, sensitivity was 85.5% and specificity 92.2%. For both tests combined, sensitivity was 78% and specificity 81%.ConclusionIn moving towards universal health coverage, Burkina Faso should extend free access to priority healthcare services to widow(er)s under 45, unmarried people aged 45 years and over, and married women aged 60 years and over, and services should be adapted to their health needs.Ethics considerationsThe collection, storage and release of data for research purposes were authorised by a government ethics committee in Burkina Faso (Decision No. 2013-7-066). Respondent consent was obtained verbally.
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Stringer, Oliver W., Janine T. Bossé, Sonia Lacouture, Marcelo Gottschalk, László Fodor, Øystein Angen, Eduardo Velazquez et al. "Rapid Detection and Typing of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Serovars Directly From Clinical Samples: Combining FTA® Card Technology With Multiplex PCR". Frontiers in Veterinary Science 8 (10 de agosto de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.728660.
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Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP), the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, is highly contagious and responsible for high morbidity, mortality, and economic losses in the swine industry worldwide, but quick serotyping and diagnosis are still not widely available. In this study, we sought to validate the use of Whatman FTA® cards for collection and processing of A. pleuropneumoniae isolates, or porcine lung tissue samples, for direct use in diagnostic multiplex PCRs. We have optimized the processing of 3-mm discs punched from FTA® cards loaded with cultured A. pleuropneumoniae, or imprinted on lesioned regions of lung tissue, with only three distilled water washes before addition into our APP-multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay for rapid, low-cost identification and serotyping. DNA captured on FTA® cards generated the same diagnostic PCR results as DNA extracted using commercial kits for 85 A. pleuropneumoniae clinical isolate cultures and 22 lung samples. Additionally, bacterial DNA bound to FTA® cards was detectable by PCR after 6 months of storage at 37°C. This study provides simple, efficient, rapid, and practical sample processing for detection and molecular serotyping of A. pleuropneumoniae.
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Tisdale, Michele D., David R. Tribble, Indrani Mitra, Kalyani Telu, Huai-Ching Kuo, Jamie A. Fraser, Jie Liu et al. "TaqMan Array card testing of participant-collected stool smears to determine the pathogen-specific epidemiology of travelers’ diarrhea". Journal of Travel Medicine, 7 de septiembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taab138.
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Abstract Background: We assessed the compliance with self-collection of stool smears on Whatman® FTA® Elute Card (FTA Card) and detection of travelers’ diarrhea (TD) associated pathogens using a quantitative PCR assay (customized TaqMan® array card [TAC]), in a prospective, observational cohort of travelers. Methods: Enrolled travelers documented symptoms on a travel diary and collected an FTA Card during a diarrheal episode, or at the end of travel if they remained asymptomatic. TAC testing was performed on FTA Cards from TD cases and 1:1 matched asymptomatic controls and 1:1 matched loose stool cases that did not meet TD criteria. Odds ratios (OR) were used to determine the association between detected pathogens and TD. Results: 484 of 2456 (19.7%) travelers completed an illness diary and met TD criteria, and 257 (53.1%) collected an FTA Card during the TD episode. FTA Cards were stored for a median of 2 years at room temperature (IQR: 1-4 years) before extraction and testing. The overall TAC detection rate in TD cases was 58.8% (95%CI: 52.5-64.8). Enterotoxigenic E. coli was the most common pathogen in TD cases (26.8%) and 3.5% of samples were positive for norovirus. The odds of detecting TD-associated pathogens in 231 matched cases and asymptomatic controls was 5.4 (95% CI: 3.6-8.1) and 2.0 (95% CI:1.1-3.7) in 121 matched TD and loose stool cases (p < 0.05). Enteroaggregative E coli was the most common pathogen detected in asymptomatic controls and loose stool cases. Detection of diarrheagenic E coli, Shigella/enteroinvasive E coli (EIEC), and Campylobacter spp. was significantly associated with TD. Conclusions: FTA Cards are a useful adjunct to traditional stool collection methods for evaluating the pathogen-specific epidemiology of TD in austere environments. Qualitative detection of pathogens was associated with TD. Measures to improve compliance and quality of FTA Card collection with decreased storage duration may further optimize detection.
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Tisdale, Michele D., Indrani Mitra, Andrea J. McCoy, Mark P. Simons, Nathanael D. Reynolds, Brett E. Swierczewski, Jie Liu et al. "Performance characteristics of a quantitative PCR assay on repository stool specimens and smeared filter-paper cards". BMC Research Notes 13, n.º 1 (30 de octubre de 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-05340-7.
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Abstract Objective Stool repositories are a valuable resource for retrospective analyses including quantitative PCR assays to distinguish between asymptomatic shedding and clinical disease. The suitability of archival specimens for this purpose is unclear and requires assessment. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate pathogen detection by TaqMan Array Card (TAC) in travelers’ diarrhea (TD) stool specimens stored for 1–13 years, as well as the impact of transporting specimens on Whatman FTA Elute cards (FTA Cards) on detection. Results The positive percent agreement (PPA) for TAC on stool vs. microbiologic testing was lower than our a priori PPA estimate of 80% for most pathogens: Shigella spp. (100% [95%CI 69–100%]), enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC) (63% [95%CI 49–75%]), Campylobacter spp. (66% [95%CI 43–85%]) and Norovirus (37% [95%CI 16–61%]). Use of the FTA card resulted in a further reduction of PPA. Our findings suggest that archival specimens may lead to insensitive detection on quantitative PCR assays due to degradation of nucleic acid with prolonged storage, although our limited sample size precluded us from evaluating the impact of storage duration on nucleic acid yield. Additional studies are needed to understand the impact of storage duration on quantitative PCR data.
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Fynmore, Noelle, Renke Lühken, Heike Maisch, Tina Risch, Sabine Merz, Konstantin Kliemke, Ute Ziegler, Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit y Norbert Becker. "Rapid assessment of West Nile virus circulation in a German zoo based on honey-baited FTA cards in combination with box gravid traps". Parasites & Vectors 14, n.º 1 (6 de septiembre de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-04951-8.
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Abstract Background For over a decade, monitoring of West Nile virus (WNV) in Germany has consisted of a bird monitoring programme as well as a mosquito-based surveillance programme employing CO2-baited encephalitis vector surveillance (EVS) traps for mass trapping and screening of mosquitoes. In contrast to the EVS traps, the Reiter/Cummings type box gravid trap collects gravid female mosquitoes, which have already taken a blood meal, increasing the likelihood of being infected with pathogens. The traps can be equipped with a honey-baited Flinders Technology Associates® (FTA) card to encourage sugar feeding by the trapped mosquitoes. FTA cards contain nucleic acid preserving substances, which prevent the degradation of viral RNA in the expectorated mosquito saliva and allows for testing the card for flavivirus RNA. This study aimed to assess the suitability of the method for WNV surveillance in Germany as an alternative to previous methods, which are expensive, time-consuming, and predominantly target host-seeking populations less likely to be infected with WNV. Methods In the Thüringer Zoopark Erfurt, snowy owls (Nyctea scandiaca) and greater flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) died of WNV infections in July and August 2020. In response, five Reiter/Cummings type box gravid traps were positioned during the daytime on the 10th, 13th, and 16th of September in five different locations. The FTA cards and mosquitoes in the chamber were collected, kept in a cool chain, and further processed for virus detection using a modified generic flavivirus reverse transcription PCR. Results A total of 15 trappings during September collected a total of 259 female mosquitoes, 97% of which were Culex pipiens sensu lato, as well as 14 honey-baited FTA cards. Eight mosquitoes tested PCR-positive for WNV. Four FTA cards tested PCR-positive for mosquito-borne flaviviruses, two of which were confirmed as WNV, and the remaining two confirmed as Usutu virus. Conclusion The suitability of the FTA cards in preserving viral RNA in the field and rapid turnaround time from collection to result is combined with a simple, cost-effective, and highly specific trapping method to create an arbovirus surveillance system, which circumvents many of the difficulties of previous surveillance programmes that required the analysis of mosquitoes in the laboratory. Graphical Abstract
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Kotb, Mohamed Fawzi, Magdi El-Saadawi y Eman H. El-Desouky. "Over Current Protection Relay using Arduino Uno for Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) System". European Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 2, n.º 5 (31 de agosto de 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejece.2018.2.5.39.
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The FREEDM (Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management) system is a smart grid that enables wide integration between the Distributed Renewable Energy Resources (DRER) and Distributed Energy Storage Devices (DESD) with the conventional distribution system. This paper presents the design and implementation of an Arduino Uno microcontroller-based overcurrent relay with different characteristics (inverse, very inverse and extremely inverse) for FREEDM systems. An open source model with simple utilization of both hardware and software is created. A practical printed circuit board is designed with the required inputs and outputs to monitor and protect the branch connecting solid state transformer (SST) to the closed loop zones in the FREEDM system. A special program is designed using Proteus software package and easily integrated to the hardware card. To validate the proposed relay, the inverse, very inverse and extremely inverse overcurrent relay characteristics are tested using the proposed system simulator and compared with the characteristic recorded by the well-known IEC 60255-151standard. In order to guarantee the effectiveness of the system, a practical circuit including the proposed relay is formed, connected to a small load (motor) and normally inverse relay characteristic is tested. The proposed protection scheme proves high performance and accurate results.
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Fuss, Antje, Humphrey D. Mazigo y Andreas Mueller. "Detection of Schistosoma mansoni DNA using polymerase chain reaction from serum and dried blood spot card samples of an adult population in North-western Tanzania". Infectious Diseases of Poverty 10, n.º 1 (23 de febrero de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-021-00798-4.
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Abstract Background Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a sensitive and specific method for diagnosing schistosomiasis. However, this method should be performed in a laboratory, usually located distant from the sample collection site. Therefore, it is important to have fast sampling preservation methods, which allow simple transport prior to DNA extraction and amplification. The aim of this study was to verify if blood samples applied to filter paper are suitable for analysis of Schistosoma mansoni DNA by real-time PCR. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 study participants aged 17 to 70 years in a fishing village on the southern shore of Lake Victoria, Tanzania. Serum samples and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-anticoagulated whole blood for preparation of dried blood spots (DBS) were collected to test for Schistosoma mansoni infection by real-time PCR. A combined diagnostic reference of positive results of serum-based real-time PCR and the Kato-Katz (KK) method was used for analysis. Sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was chosen to compare the mean cycle threshold (Ct) values from serum and DBS. Results According to the reference, 92.5% S. mansoni positive samples were determined. The serum-based real-time PCR performed excellently with 95.4% sensitivity, whereas the DBS-based real-time PCR showed a low sensitivity (45.4%). The Ct-values were significantly higher in DBS (median: 37.3) than in serum samples (median: 27.5, P < 0.001), reflecting a lower parasite-specific DNA load on the filter cards. With increasing egg counts, an increase in sensitivity was observed for all methods. The POC-CCA test and the serum-based real-time PCR showed a sensitivity of 100% for medium and severe infections. The DBS real-time PCR showed a sensitivity of only 85.7% even for severe infections. Conclusions DBS-based real-time PCR did not provide good results in our study and therefore should not be recommended or must be tested concerning temperature of storage, storage duration, use of different filter papers and extraction methods before it is used in future studies. In contrast, our results showed that the POC-CCA test is a sensitive and precise test for detecting S. mansoni infections "Image missing" .