Tesis sobre el tema "Frottement – Essais – Simulation par ordinateur"
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Limouni, Achour. "Étude dynamique, théorique et expérimentale des essais de frottement pion-disque". Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1106.
Texto completoCodfert, Valéry. "Modélisation globale d'un système d'essuyage". Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10070.
Texto completoDes problèmes de couplage entre un système mécanique complexe et un modèle de jeux ont été mis en évidence. Des formules approchées des forces d'impact ont été données. Le rattrapage des jeux s'est avéré être le facteur prédominant dans les expériences et les simulations. Les principaux phénomènes aérodynamiques intervenant sur le système ainsi que des courbes expérimentales sont exposés. Plusieurs phénomènes sont analysés : différence entre le coefficient de frottement réel et apparent, influence des inerties du moteur et des bras-balais, les deux composantes du poids qui travaillent ensemble ou s'opposent au cours du balayage, Les discontinuités dues au rottementT, l'influence du frottement sur la force d'appui, la torsion des bras qui génère des surangles d'attaque, le changement prématuré du sens des forces
Motamedi, Nikzad. "Vers la prédiction et la compréhension des effets tribologiques sur les performances systèmes par l'intelligence artificielle". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILN011.
Texto completoThe contact between two parts, especially when it is induced as in braking systems, needs to be improved and therefore to be better understood. The phenomena involved are complex because they involve multi-scale, multi-physics concepts in a context of constant evolution. An additional difficulty is that the contact is closed, and therefore it is difficult to explicitly observe the interface phenomena that play a major role in the targeted performances (noise pollution, emission of fine particles, wear etc.). In view of the European environmental standards which will be increasingly severe, it is essential to establish new strategies to better understand the problem in its entirety. The team wishes to move towards the coupling of numerical and experimental methods. The "experiment" part is based on dedicated test benches with a rich and fine instrumentation. The "numerical" part is based on multi-scale and multi-physics modeling trying to consider tribological mechanisms within a complete system. One difficulty is to compare (realign) these two parts.Thus, the objective of this PhD thesis is to propose predictive models linking the contact interface with the complete system through artificial intelligence. In the first step, we will try to determine the natural frequencies of a pin-on-disk system by considering any surface for the interface. More precisely, this interface will present a roughness field that will be generated numerically. In the second step, an AI model is developed to predict the contact distribution during a test. This part is based on measurements of a thermocouple array embedded in the near surface friction material during the tests. In the third step, based on experimental acquisitions of the surface profile at different times, a model is proposed to determine the evolution of wear. The AI models specifically developed for these three parts use algorithms such as CNN, GAN, RNN etc. These concepts are not common in the mechanical community, they are illustrated on a simple example of behavior identification in the preamble of this manuscript. In terms of results, the obtained results are very satisfactory when compared to simulation and/or experimental data. This confirms the interest of using AI in order to pass a milestone in the prediction of models. Moreover, AI also allows the understanding and the importance of the input parameters which could be used in the medium term to optimize the system or to drive the tests
Duboc, Martin. "Etude multi-échelle du crissement : dispositif expérimental et éléments de compréhension". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10101/document.
Texto completoSliding contact can cause sound vibrations like squeal for example. The aim of this PHD is to study the influence of geometric parameters, material and friction evolution of squeal occurrences. An experimental set-up has been specially developed. It is based on a simplified architecture which allows a control of the dynamic behavior. Specific instrumentation has also been taken into account. An other hand, a finite element model has been introduced to help to design and permit to conduct to parametric studies. For this study, two kinds of material were used. The first one was specifically developed for this study with a reduced formulation while the second one was a typical commercial material. Firstly, the influence of contact geometry between the pin and the disk was performed. It has shown that the contact length deeply changes the dynamic behavior. The finite element model showed the keyrole of the non-linear aspect of the material. This aspect has been taken into account in a semi- analytical model. Secondly, the study has been devoted to the influence of the material, the evolution of friction and thermal loading. Results showed different behaviors for each material. The commercial material is more sensitive to the friction evolution. Numerical simulations enriched by material characterizations were allowed to bring some understanding to the observed dynamic behavior. Finally, the study concludes with an implementation of the commercial material on a different experimental set-up. A detailed analysis of the contact surface was achieved during tests interrupted in noisy and silent states. The results show little influence of the evolution of the contact area on the occurrence of squeal
Dridi, Samia. "Essais de caractérisation des structures tissées". Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0041/these.pdf.
Texto completoIn this work, we interested to the study and the modelling of mechanical behaviour of weave structure. We begin by presenting the properties of tested materials thanks to tests of characterization. An experimental data base is established to analyze the mechanical behaviour of fabric under some solicitations, in particular the shear, using the technique of digital image correlation. Then, by adopting a hyperelastic approach, a simplified model is developed allowing to study numerically the influence of the report of tensile and shearing rigidities on the mechanical behaviour of woven fabric, further to an extension in 45. Finally, by basing on phenomenological approach, a hyperelastic behaviour law is proposed. This model is implanted in a routine Vumat. It is identified from the tensile and the shearing tests and validated by certain cases of composite reinforcement forming
Guerdoux, Simon. "Simulation numérique du soudage par frottement malaxage". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00271234.
Texto completoDautriat, Jérémie. "Comportement hydromécanique de roches réservoir sous contraintes : relations entre évolution de perméabilité et échelles des mécanismes d'endommagement". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/38/57/77/PDF/Manuscrit_These_Dautriat.pdf.
Texto completoThe Understanding and the prevention of damage mechanisms, which have an impact on the kinetics of production and the rate of recovery, remain an outstanding issue in reservoir engineering. The aim of this study, based on the characterization of the hydromechanical behaviour of sandstone and carbonate rocks in 'reservoir conditions', is the identification of the local mechanisms responsible for changes in permeability measured macroscopically. The experimental work was performed with an original triaxial set-up, which allows measurements of the stress-induced permeability evolutions in the principal directions of the stress tensor. A first experimental campaign, consisting in hydrostatic and uniaxial compression tests, has been performed on Fontainebleau and Bentheim sandstones. In one hand, we showed that experimental end-effects might affect significantly the ‘classical' axial permeability measurements, and in the other hand, we have determined the impact of brittle failure on directional permeabilities. Compression experiments, following different stress-paths, were also carried out on a carbonate, the Estaillades limestone. In elastic deformation regime, the reduction of permeability was modelized by pore network simulations, based on 3D reconstructions of μ-tomography RX and a simplified representation of the pore space. While brittle fracture of carbonate samples induced slight permeability evolutions, at higher effective pressure, permeability drops can reach 90% to the initial values and are associated with mechanisms of pore collapse. The post-mortem analysis of deformed samples, coupled with digital image correlation methods, using both SEM and Optical acquisition devices, provide a better understanding of the role of the heterogeneities, identified at different scales, in the strain localization and their potential impacts on permeability changes at the sample scale
Rocher-Lacoste, Frédéric. "Etude expérimentale en vraie grandeur et étude numérique des pieux vibrofoncés : Vibrations dans l’Environnement et Capacité Portante". Paris Est, 2008. http://pastel.paristech.org/5507/01/FRL-rapport_final.pdf.
Texto completoThe objective of this work is to better understand the phenomena related to vibratory driving and to capitalize on it. This report is organized into three chapters. The first describes two techniques of driven piles: impact driving and vibratory driving. The second chapter is based on two axes : 1) A full scale experimental study of acoustic impact of sound and especially an analysis of noise caused by the driving piles with a vibrator, a hydraulic hammer or a pneumatic hammer, 2) A full scale experimental study of particulate velocity during pile driving, coupled with a numerical analysis (both in 2D and in 3D), with the finite element software package CESAR-LCPC. From full-scale experiments, the third chapter compares the bearing capacity of piles implemented by impact and vibratory driving and proposes to take into account the vibratory driving piles into the French rules
Gaudillière, Camille. "Cisaillage à grande vitesse : des essais à la simulation". Paris, ENSAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENAM0052.
Texto completoTo increase their productivity, blanking professionals are interested by an emerging process: the high speed blanking. For this process, the punch speed reaches10m/s whereas this speed does not exceed 0,1m/s for conventional blanking process. However, even if the quality of the obtained surfaces is close to those obtained with fine blanking, the occurence of hard dynamic phenomena makes difficult the deployment of the high speed blanking process. This work proposes to better control this process using experimentations and numerical simulations. An instrumented device has been designed to observe in detail the existing phenomenon during cutting. This device is similar to the industrial one. It includes a punch with non-constant sections and a matrix linked to an Hopkinson's tube in order to measure the blanking cutting forces. This measure requires a specific treatment to correct dynamic effects present in the matrix during the cutting. This treatment, which uses a calibration of the device, was validated thanks to a one-dimensional numerical model. Many observations made on the blanked surfaces have shown that adiabatic shear bands (ASB) can take place. A thermo-mechanical constitutive model (Johnson-Cook's law) of the C40 steel has been identified and used into simulations to reproduce real experimentations. The used simulation is based on a C-NEM approach (Constrained Natural Element Method). A comparative study between simulation and experimental results has been done. Results show a good correlation with experimental tests
Renouf, Mathieu. "Optimisation numérique et calcul parallèle pour l'étude des milieux divisés bi- et tridimensionnels". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20131.
Texto completoLorrain, Olivier. "Analyses expérimentales et numériques du procédé de soudage par friction malaxage fsw". Paris, ENSAM, 2010. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00515112.
Texto completoThe Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state welding process, without melting. The weld is fabricated thanks to the action of tool made of a shoulder and a pin, positioned at the interface of the two pieces to be welded. The tool as two roles : heating of the material by friction of the shoulder, mixing of the material due to the pin. This thesis work is made within the partnership between Arts et Métiers ParisTech and Institut de Soudure. Its goal is to develop a FSW simulation model in order to decrease experimental trials required to optimize the process. Therefore, some points have been treated in this manuscript. Experimental analysis of thermal cycles and material movements in the case of unthreaded tools has been carried out. This situation allows (1) to make the comparison with numerical simulation easier and (2) to be in the case of worn tools. Formulations (lagrangian, eulerian, ALE) analysis in order to choose the more appropriate to take material flow into account has allowed to select an eulerian formulation (implemented in the FLUENT software) to estimate thermal and kinematical fields in the steady state. The set up of the numerical model in the FLUENT software is presented. We have studied the influence of numerical parameters on the results and proposed an identification strategy for some parameters which are not reachable experimentally. A detailed comparison between our experimental results and the ones from our simulations have been performed with success. The study of the influence of the process parameters (feed rate, rotating speed) and of the pin geometry on the kinematical and thermal fields has highlighted the link between velocity field and the presence of tunnel type defects
Malki, Fatma. "Renforcement des sols par géotextiles". Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0129.
Texto completoThis work analyses design methods for reinforced slopes and walls with geosynthtics. A proposal is done for taking in account a displacement field. It is possible to give a relation between a safety factor of failure in the slope or in the wall, and displacement measures. As it is impossible to know initial values of the displacement, this method allows the comparison of displacement induced by different designs of structure (choice of geosynthetic, design)
Zemzemi, Farhat Kapsa Philippe. "Caracterisation de modèles de frottement aux interfaces piece-outil-copeau en usinage Application au cas de l'usinage des aciers et de l'inconel 718 /". Ecully : Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2007. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/fzemzemi.pdf.
Texto completoAlbach, Daniel. "Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Thermal Management on a High Average-Power Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser – The Lucia Laser System". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/50/49/15/PDF/these_final.pdf.
Texto completoOn trouve sur la plateforme de thèses en ligne Pastel le résumé suivant : The development of the laser triggered the birth of numerous fields in both scientific and industrial domains. High intensity laser pulses are a unique tool for light/matter interaction studies and applications. However, current flash-pumped glass-based systems are inherently limited in repetition-rate and efficiency. Development within recent years in the field of semiconductor lasers and gain media drew special attention to a new class of lasers, the so-called Diode Pumped Solid State Laser (DPSSL). DPSSLs are highly efficient lasers and are candidates of choice for compact, high average-power systems required for industrial applications but also as high-power pump sources for ultra-high intense lasers. The work described in this thesis takes place in the context of the 1 kilowatt average-power DPSSL program Lucia, currently under construction at the ‘Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Laser Intenses' (LULI) at the Ecole Polytechnique, France. Generation of sub-10 nanosecond long pulses with energies of up to 100 joules at repetition rates of 10 hertz are mainly limited by Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) and thermal effects. These limitations are the central themes of this work. Their impact is discussed within the context of a first Lucia milestone, set around 10 joules. The developed laser system is shown in detail from the oscillator level to the end of the amplification line. A comprehensive discussion of the impact of ASE and thermal effects is completed by related experimental benchmarks. The validated models are used to predict the performances of the laser system, finally resulting in a first activation of the laser system at an energy level of 7 joules in a single-shot regime and 6. 6 joules at repetition rates up to 2 hertz. Limitations and further scaling approaches are discussed, followed by an outlook for the further development
Panaït, Adrian. "Étude expérimentale et numérique des problèmes de contact unilatéral et de frottement sec dans les assemblages verriers". Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MARN0198.
Texto completoThe use of glass as structural material can still be considered as an innovative building technique. Glass elements and especially large dimensions glass facades were realised using assembling systems whose mechanical behaviour has not been well understood. The objective of this work is twofold. Firstly, it consists in systematically seizing and modelling the mechanical behaviour of spliced glass connections transmitting tangential loads by friction. Then, it aims at providing an efficient tool for the design and optimization of spliced glass connections. The resulting mechanical problems are complex because highly nonlinear phenomena such as unilateral contact and dry friction are involved. To achieve the objective, a coupled, experimental and numerical, approach is developped in this work. In a typical spliced glass connection, soft aluminum pads are used as inserts between metallic splice plates and glass plates. A precise characterization of the friction between aluminum and glass is then the key both to ensure the safety and the well functioning of such an assembling system. To this end, an original tribometer is designed and constructed and systematic tests are performed. The weak standard deviation of the results makes it possible to precisely identify the sliding limit and quantify the frictional coefficient variation with the contact duration and the normal loading path. This variation can raise up to 65-70% of the initial friction coefficient and is modelled with an internal variable. A micromechanical interpretation accouting for the asperity creep and highly adhesive area contributions is also given in order to physically explain this variation. The unilateral frictional contact problem posed by a spliced glass connection is numerically solved using the MSC MARC finite element code in which the friction law proposed and identified on the basis of the experimental investigation is implemented. The numerical simulations, validated by full scale tests, provide the stresses and contact pressure due to the combined action of the bolt’s tightening and an tangential loading. The contact area evolution and the co-existence of slip and adhesion zones inside the contact area are identified and shown to be in good agreement with existing theoretical results. Henceforth, this work makes it possible to approach the design and optimisation of spliced glass connections in a rational way instead of the empirical one that has prevailed up to now
Benjemaa, Mondher. "Étude et simulation numérique de la rupture dynamique des séismes par des méthodes d'éléments finis discontinus". Nice, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00222870.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to the study and the numerical simulation of 2D and 3D dynamic crack rupture by a discontinuous Galerkin finite element method. The initial partial differential equations are transformed in order to get a symmetric pseudo-conservative form, for which we design a discontinuous Galerkin formulation with centered numerical fluxes and explicit leap-frog time scheme. Throughout the study of a discrete energy, we specify in a weak sense the boundary conditions on the fault surface for the shear rupture mode. We demonstrate that this energy is conserved when no traction is applied on the fault. We investigate various complex test-cases and we compare our solutions with those obtained by other methods. The fine agreement with other results validates our approach and illustrates the good behavior of the method we propose
Schryve, Mathieu. "Modèle d’adhésion cicatrisante et applications au contact verre/élastomère". Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX11091.
Texto completoMany problems encountered in industry are concerned with interface evolutions, where contact, friction and adhesion are fundamental topics. This PhD thesis contributes to the development of a model involving adhesion and friction and allowing the healing of the adhesive bonds when the bodies are again pushed closer together after their separation. This model is called model of healing adhesion. In this work the applications concern specifically the contact glass/rubber. The formation of the the adhesion neck, jump-on and jump-off phenomena and the formation and the propagation of the Schallamach waves are investigated. A modelling of the adhesive contact is thus proposed, based on thermodynamic considerations and surface interactions concepts. In addition to the possible healing of the adhesives bonds, the originality of the model is that healing process and damage process are both related to the rate of the solicitation at the interface. According to the applications, the approch allows to consider two potential sources of dissipation. One is called surface dissipation and linked to the behaviour of the interface. The second is called bulk dissipation and linked to the behaviour of the bodies. The dynamic formulation is done within the framework of the non-smooth mechanic. Implementations of appropriate numerical methods and simulations are done in LMGC90 (Montpellier - Marseille). The model is tested with Benchmark and validated with the simulation of a glass/rubber experiment
Krichen, Abdelkader. "Simulation numérique et analyse expérimentale du comportement d'un contact verre/PMMA sous sollicitations de fretting". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECDL0021.
Texto completoLedoux, Yann. "Optimisation des procédés d'emboutissage par caractérisation géométrique et essais numériques". Phd thesis, Chambéry, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00419320.
Texto completoSahraoui, Sohbi. "Effets dynamiques dans les essais de rupture aux grandes vitesses de chargements : Etude de quelques polymères". Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10612.
Texto completoCollin, Jean-Marc. "Identifiabilité des paramètres de lois de comportement de matériaux par essais d’indentation continue". Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S079.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to study the potential of indentation test in the determination of the materials behaviour laws parameters. From a study of the spherical indentation, some models describing indentation data changes were proposed. They allow a good evaluation of the stress-strain curve of several metallic samples by inversion. However, it has been observed that isotropic hardening is not sufficient to describe the unloading and reloading during an indentation test. Thus, models combining both isotropic and kinematic hardening were used in order to describe the whole indentation test. They depend on many parameters; an approach by inversion of models becomes then difficult. We then propose the use of inverse analysis approach on indentation tests in order to determine the parameters of these behaviour models
M'Boungui, Gaston. "Actionneur piézoélectrique commandable en frottement variable pour application haptique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10002.
Texto completoAs a solution to the lack of compactness and simplicity often encountered in haptic interfaces, we propose a device based on friction coefficient control principle. This device includes polarised piezoceramics well adjusted and glued to a 64x38x3 mm copper-beryllium plate supported by four legs. Then, properly energised around a resonant frequency, with legs at antinodes, a stationary wave is created in the plate. Variable friction forces between the legs and the plane substrate are created by the control of the wave amplitude, according to electro-active lubrication. So the user obtains force feedback by holding the plate, and moving it on a plane substrate, as he couId do with a mouse interface. Preliminary psychophysical evaluation trends to assess the validity of the device as a force feedback interface able to sense limits or shape changes of objects from virtual environment in the future
Renard, Béatrice. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation du comportement thermique d'une machine électrique multi-fonctions : application à un alterno-démarreur intégré". Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2282.
Texto completoThe work consisted in studying the thermal behaviour of an electrical induction motor operating as an alternator, a starter and a booster in a motor vehicle. A numerical thermal model (nodal method) was elaborated of an ISA (Integrated Starter Alternator) and its environment. The winding of copper was studied. In addition, the modelling of this closed machine required a simulation of convective transfers with the help of a CFD tool and the use of a superposing method in order to translate the obtained results into a network. In parallel, specific experimental trials brought us to validate the thermal model, analyse certain aspects of the thermal behaviour of this multi-function system and be more precise in assessing the amount of iron losses generated in the alternator mode. In conclusion, the nodal model, obtained after adjusting, led us to classify the important parameters in view of the behaviour of the ISA when in use during precise driving cycles
Biet, Mélisande. "Conception et contrôle d'actionneurs électro-actifs dédiés à la stimulation tactile". Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Biet.pdf.
Texto completoM'Boungui, Gaston. "Actionneur piézoélectrique commandable en frottement variable pour application haptique". Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10002/document.
Texto completoAs a solution to the lack of compactness and simplicity often encountered in haptic interfaces, we propose a device based on friction coefficient control principle. This device includes polarised piezoceramics well adjusted and glued to a 64x38x3 mm copper-beryllium plate supported by four legs. Then, properly energised around a resonant frequency, with legs at antinodes, a stationary wave is created in the plate. Variable friction forces between the legs and the plane substrate are created by the control of the wave amplitude, according to electro-active lubrication. So the user obtains force feedback by holding the plate, and moving it on a plane substrate, as he couId do with a mouse interface. Preliminary psychophysical evaluation trends to assess the validity of the device as a force feedback interface able to sense limits or shape changes of objects from virtual environment in the future
Chen, Yu. "Contribution à l'optimisation de l'aisance d'un vêtement par les techniques de calcul avancé". Lille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL10020.
Texto completoNgo-Ngoc, Cyril. "Modélisation non linéaire et simulation des matériaux souples textiles : application aux essais Kawabata". Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-13.pdf.
Texto completoAl, Galib Dhafar. "Comportement statique et dynamique de structures fusibles susceptibles d'absorber les énergies d'impact en cas de crash". Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAL0033.
Texto completoThe objective of this study is to contribute to the improvement of the behavior to the crushing tubular extrusion, which should permit to find a structure optimizing the absorption of impact energy. An attempt to identify the characteristic behaviors of the studied structures was made by an experimental, analytical and numerical approach, Three main objectives constitute the frame of our study: * How will be able to reduce, during the crash, the first peak load, which reflect the decelerations transmitted to the occupants of the vehicle? * How will be able to dissipate by a controlled manner the kinetic energy during crash event? The proposed process, which reduced the first load peak, can be used for other geometries and other materials? * How can one evaluate the influence of the rupture of aluminum alloy on the global behavior of tubes, and what criteria can one propose to detect the rupture? On the experimental and numerical plan, the behaviors of static and dynamic crushing of circular and square aluminum tubes have been studied. A process that permits to decrease the deceleration transmitted to the passengers during impact or frontal collision has been proposed and validate. We could also have evaluated the behavior of these tubes while varying the mass and the speed of impactor and finally to study geometric imperfection, boundary conditions and loading affects on the static and dynamic behavior. Propositions are made for the choice of the geometric parameter used in order to facilitate the similarity (material, geometry). Finally, we linger especially on the influence of the rupture, that it is necessary to consider in an objective of design and quantification of the energy absorbed
Yunus, Yuhanis. "Modélisation discrète du comportement cyclique des matériaux granulaires". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECDL0033.
Texto completoSaïzonou, Colombe. "Usure et frottement entre le segment et la chemise dans un moteur à combustion : modélisation numérique par la méthode des éléments de frontière". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2004_SAIZONOU_C.pdf.
Texto completoLn the framework of a European Brite Euram contract we have studied the contact between the coated piston ring and the cylinder of a combustion engine. Ln particular, the issue was to analyse the effect of hard, wear resistant coatings coatings on the stress fields in the coated material. Ln an initial, experimental approach we have bench marked the friction and wear behaviour of real machine elements in a reciprocating pin/disk configuration both in the dry and lubricated friction mode. Ln su ch laboratory environment D. L. C. Coatings turned out to be more wear resistant than conventional hard chromium coatings. Ln the main part of this research, we have done modelling of the simplified problem of an elastic 2D (coated cylinder /flat ) contact. Ln this part we have implemented a boundary element numerical approach in conjunction with domain decompositon. This specifically developed code has the advantage of operating on a standard PC yielding excellent precision and reasonable computation time (in general less than one hour). We have studied the effect of the contact pressure on the stress fields in coated piston rings both for bi-layer and multilayer coatings. Ln the absence of hydrostatic pressure in the combustion chamber - as compared to the hard chromium - the D. L. C. Coating is found to correspond to a lower resolved stress field in the substrate and the coating. This is in qualitative agreement with our experimental results. For multilayer coatings, the best attenuation of the contact stress field in the coated piston rings is achieved for graded evolution of Young'modulus from the interface to the ultimate coating surface. This leads to almost total eliinination of stress discontinuities at the interfaces and attenuation of the resolved Tresca stress fields. The main effect of the pressure in the combustion chamber is to reduce the effective contact pressure and the associated real contact area between the piston ring and the cylinder
Zemzemi, Farhat. "Caracterisation de modèles de frottement aux interfaces piece-outil-copeau en usinage : application au cas de l'usinage des aciers et de l'inconel 718". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2007. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/fzemzemi.pdf.
Texto completoThis work aims to bring a signifiant improvement to the understanding of tribological phenomena produced at the Workpiece/Tool/Chip interfaces during a machining operation, especially in the context of the machining of nikel based super alloys (Inconel 718). Two tribometers have been developped enabling the characterization of the friction under extreme contact conditions. It allows to cover a large range of contact pressure up to 3 GPa and high velocities (over 380 n/min). Futhermore, these devices provides information about thermal aspect in the contact interface. A numerical simulation of the friction test has been developed. This method can be used to identify the local friction value from the macroscopic results. Futhermore, it facilities the exploitation of the experimental results in order to reach local parameters such as local sliding velocity, contact temperature and contact pressure. The experimental results coupled with numerical study enable the identification of friction models depending on contact pressure and local sliding velocity 42CrMo4/Carbur coated carbide and Inconel 718/ TiAIN coated carbide
Vega, Guillaume. "Optimisation de la mise en forme par tréfilage : approche expérimentale, modélisation et simulation numérique". Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10173/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis work is to optimize the process of forming by wiredrawing, using an experimental approach, an analytical modeling and a numerical simulation by finite elements. This study is to analyze the mechanisms of deformation and damage, being involved in this process, which is a multi complex physical problem. This complexity is reflected by the influence of many intrinsic and extrinsic parameters on the properties of materials drawability. A parametric analysis of the drawing process has shown that different parameters and their mutual interactions have significant effects on the drawing stress during the plastic deformation process, taking into account the tool geometry and the hardening of the drawn material. The effects of temperature in the die and the strain rate on the coefficient of friction at the interface wire-die have been taken into account in the analytical formulations. The numerical simulation of a copper wiredrawing was done based on modeling using a behavior law for material taking account the hardening and the strain rate dependence, and validated by experimental results. Contact problems, the thermo mechanical effects were taken into account in these calculations. A coupled damage model based on an energy criterion is used to predict the location and the shape of defects in a wire deformed by critical conditions of drawing. The results have validated using experimental data and microscopie observations of damage in the central part of the wire and the die wear
Houmed-Gaba, Abdourahman. "Hydrogéologie des milieux volcaniques sous climat aride : caractérisation sur site expérimental et modélisation numérique de l'aquifère basaltique de Djibouti (Corne de l'Afrique)". Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT2266.
Texto completoThe Djibouti aquifer is constituted by fractured basalts and scoria of 1 to 9My old, intercalated by sediments layers. It is localised in a coastal area under semi-arid conditions. This aquifer is exploited over 15 millions m3/year for Djibouti town water supply. A hydrogeological research site which includes by now 11 wells was set up on the aquifer, over 1 hectare area. Lithological logs of the wells show scoria underlying fractured basalt. Electrical conductivity profiles performed on the research site wells show fresh groundwater overlying at places brackish water. Slug tests were conducted on the fractured basalts, using Hvorslev (1951) and Bouwer & Rice (1976) solutions. Long term pumping tests were conducted to characterise the scoria. An estimation of the average hydraulic conductivity is thus obtained for the fractured basalts (K=10-8m/s) and for the scoria (K=10-2m/s). The long term tests have been interpreted using the semi-confined Hantush-Jacob model (1955) which showed that the scorias are under leaky conditions. The chemical analyses results, using multivariate statistical tools (factorial analysis) show three types of water, chloride water, sulphate group and bicarbonate type. A numerical modelling is elaborated using the pilot points methodology in conjunction with the PEST non-linear parameter estimation and regularisation functionality. The water balance showed that the exploitation of this aquifer has reached a crucial limit and cannot be increased without serious risks of degrading its resources
Goujon, Florent. "Simulations numériques mésoscopiques de brosses de polymères sous compression et cisaillement". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF21459.
Texto completoSteinmetz, Gérard. "Apport de la simulation numérique et de l’expérience pour la compréhension des phénomènes de frottement en emboutissage et hydroformage". Paris, ENMP, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENMP1389.
Texto completoThe sheet metal forming industry uses more and more the numerical simulation computer codes in order to minimize the development time and the cost of trial and error loops. Friction which has a major influence on the product quality is usually described by a constant Coulomb friction coefficient. The validity of this very simplified description of the real frictional behaviour is discussed in this thesis. The first part focuses on the stamping process. A new frictional device is developed based on a flat/flat tribometer. It allows measuring either static or dynamic friction coefficient. Experiments on coated and non coated steel sheet demonstrate that the static friction coefficient is significantly higher than the dynamic one on the whole range of contact pressures. The influence of a local and time variable friction coefficient on the result of the stamping operation is discussed using several friction models based on tribometry results and implemented in two numerical codes (FORGE2® et ABAQUS®): The static to dynamic transition of the friction coefficient described as a function of the sliding length underlines the role of the static coefficient of friction on the beginning of sliding under the blank holder and also on the thickness distribution under the punch where small relative sliding occurs. A pressure and sliding speed friction model describes well the influence of the heterogeneity of these quantities. For higher punch speeds, the difference of the results obtained with a constant and a variable friction coefficient decreases. The use of two constant friction coefficients, the punch friction being higher than the blank-holder friction, improves significantly the results. The Devine’s model which describes the influence of the microscopic history of the contact (microplasticity, hydrodynamic effects) has been improved. It is an interesting alternative model which provides also an estimation of the evolution of friction with the plateaux upsetting and the onset of galling. The second part is dedicated to the friction in hydroforming of tubes. We develop a frictional device and apply it to AA 6060 tubes. The Coulomb friction coefficient increase from typical values of 0,03 for greases to 0,3 for other lubricants (oil, solid lubricants). Finite elements calculations show the huge influence of the friction coefficient on the thickness distribution in the case of plane strain forming
Chevillot, Fabrice. "Dynamique non-linéaire des instabilités vibratoires induites par le frottement dans les freins aéronautiques : études numériques et confrontations essais-simulations". Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECDL0027.
Texto completoThis study deals with the linear and non-linear transient analyses of instabilities induced by friction in aircraft braking systems. The investigation of these instability phenomena, under experimental and theoretical considerations, is useful to design brakes in which vibrations will not be harmful. The aim of this thesis is to predict the amplitude of the oscillations generated by frictioninduced instabilities in an aircraft braking system. To achieve this, a non-linear analytical model of the brake is built in order to reproduce the mechanisms responsible for friction-induced vibrations. Experimental records of the brake under working conditions performed by Messier-Bugatti- SAFRAN Group allow identifying two main vibrations identified in the 0-1,000 Hz range : squeal and whirl. The work is focused on these two phenomena. The first step in the study of a vibration problem is a stability analysis obtained by calculation of the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix of the system of non-linear equations linearized at the equilibrium point. The stability of the brake is then investigated with respect to brake parameters : coefficient of friction, hydraulic pressure, non-linear stiffness, etc... In particular, the effects of damping in mode-coupling instabilities are assessed. It appears that the addition of damping into the equations of motion does not lead systematically to the stabilization of the system, which runs counter to the generally accepted idea. The second step concerns the non-linear dynamics. If the system is unstable, the stability analysis gives no information on the amplitude of the oscillations or on the non-linear transient behavior. By integration of the full set of non-linear equations, the stationary and transient regimes are computed. The sensibility of the non-linear response of the brake is then studied with respect to brake parameters. In particular, the effects of damping are investigated in details : the conclusions established on the stability analysis are extended to the non-linear dynamics. Complex non-linear transient behaviors when several instabilities occur are also highlighted and analyzed. Finally, experimental tests reveal that the brake can generate vibrations of various amplitude, although the experimental conditions are identical. The introduction of statistical laws in the braking parameters allow simulating with a good agreement the variability of the vibratory levels observed when a series of tests is performed
Kadjo, Amangoua. "Caracterisation et contribution à l'optimisation des performances électriques des PEMFC". Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2279.
Texto completoMeunier, Alain. "Simulations numériques de suspensions de sphères dans un fluide visqueux". Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4375.
Texto completoAbbouchi, Houssein Villechaise Bernard Francisco Arthur. "Etude de la fatigue de contact de roulement approche expérimentale dans un matériau fragile et modélisation numérique /". Poitiers : I-Médias, 2008. http://08.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/index.php?id=1535.
Texto completoTran, Gia Phuong. "Crack Inspection and simulations with Eddy Current Thermography for the Aerospace Industry". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30044/30044.pdf.
Texto completoEddy Current Thermography (ECT) is a non-contact, non-destructive testing (NDT) method, and nowadays it is used in a wide range of applications. This method combines eddy current and thermographic NDT techniques in order to provide an efficient method for crack detection. In this method, the eddy current is generated into metallic specimens. If the specimen contains cracks, the current flow and temperature propagation inside the metallic specimens would be affected by these cracks. The changes of temperature distribution are captured by an infrared camera. One of the main challenges in this method is that it requires many parameters in the experiments, such as coil excitations: the frequency value, number of turns, material of wire, radius of the coil...In order to optimize the experiments, numerical simulation is necessary, and COMSOL Multiphysics® FEM software is a very suitable solution. During the simulation process, a crack detection limit for a crack in a given metallic specimen has been proposed. The simulation results and crack detection limit are also verified using experiments in the laboratory. The final goal of this thesis is to provide the overall picture of the Eddy Current Thermography, crack detection limit and the manner in which to simulate as well as perform the experiments in order to detect cracks on the metallic plate specimens which were provided by L3-MAS and Pratt & Whitney Canada (P.W.C), the industrial partners involved in this project which was sponsored by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and The Consortium for Research and Innovation in Aerospace in Québec (CRIAQ).
Girard, Patrick. "Diagnostic de pannes temporelles dans les circuits digitaux". Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20053.
Texto completoPam, Abdoulaye. "Méthodologie d’émulation pour le test de chaîne de puissance de véhicules électrifiés". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I027.
Texto completoThe electrification of transportation has become, for several years, an essential solution to deal with the various ecological problems in transport. Thus, electrified vehicles (hybrid and electric) are more and more put on the road. Test procedures for their various components are organized to optimize the design, production, and quality of these vehicles. Power Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation (using power emulators) has become an important step in the vehicle development cycle for these various tests. To reduce time and cost constraints, the rapid development of reliable and flexible power emulators is necessary. The objective of this PhD thesis is to propose a method for the design of power emulators for electrified vehicles for the testing of their various functional subsystems. EMR (Energetic Macroscopic Representation) formalism is used as an organization tool for the design of the various power emulators. The methodology developed is used to test the battery and electric drives of a series hybrid electric vehicle. First, a unified representation of the energetic simulation model of the series hybrid electric vehicle is proposed. Next, the methodology is applied for the battery testing of the reference vehicle. Finally, the methodology is applied for electric drives testing. Experimental results are provided throughout this PhD thesis to validate these various power emulators
Le, Louarn Catherine. "Étude et réalisation d’un outil de simulation et de test pour le logiciel temps réel". Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPI224.
Texto completoChen, Zhou. "Simulation virtuelle des essais de validation pour l'ameublement - meubles à base de plaques". Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2071.
Texto completoIn furniture industry, the numerical simulation allows the design and optimization of wood-based structures, thus avoiding expensive experimental campaigns. Most of wood-based furniture present some particular features in terms of material properties and geometries. On the one hand, the properties of timber materials (such as particule boards) are strongly heterogeneous and anisotropic. On the other hand, the furniture are often made of simply-shaped elements and then can be represented by an assembly of plates and/or beams. The present work deals with those specific features and presents the identification of the elastic properties of particle boards from digital image correlation (DIC) [Chevalier et al. 2001] as well as the simulation of the mechanical behavior of furniture. First, three-point bending tests based on Timoshenko’s beam theory are performed on different samples cut from a prototype desk for the identification of the material properties using DIC techniques. Secondly, a probabilistic model for the uncertain material parameters is constructed by using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt)principle [Soize 2017] combined with a Markov Chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) method based on Metropolis-Hastings algorithm for generating realizations of the underlying random variables. Thirdly, numerical virtual tests are performed to propagate the uncertainties in the material properties through the model and assess the impact of such variabilities on the response of the structure. Lastly, several real tests were previously conducted on the desk in order to validate the proposed numerical approach. Quite good agreement is observed between the numerical computations and the experimental measurements
Martinot, François. "Caractérisation du rôle de la dynamique du toucher dans la perception de textures". Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/b39342cc-8dd3-42f3-83cd-c03147fe8f65.
Texto completoRoy, Sébastien. "Mesure de l’adhérence et des propriétés mécaniques de couches minces par des essais dérivés de la nanoindentation. Application à la microélectronique et au biomédical". Paris, ENMP, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00289845.
Texto completoThree different tests, developed on a nanoindentation apparatus, are used for the mechanical characterization of various thin films: Cu, SiN and SiCN films for microelectronics (interconnection) and polymer films for biomedicals (drug eluting stent). Basic nanoindentation test is used for the measurement of mechanical properties of 500 nm Cu thin films deposited on Ta/TaN/SiO2/Si substrate. The experimental results and the 2D finite element calculations show the inadequacy of the Oliver and Pharr analysis for this kind of materials, because of the growth of a pile-up around the contact area. A work-hardening effect also induces a huge increase of the hardness values during penetration. This work-hardening effect is influenced by annealing temperature of the Cu films. Mechanical adhesion of Cu films was then measured by Cross Sectional Nanoindentation (CSN). The experimental procedure and the mechanical interpretation of this test were strongly improved. Results show the influence of annealing temperature and substrate patterning on Cu adhesion. A 3D numerical simulation is developed to calculate deformation energy spent during film delamination. A micro-scratch test was employed for adhesion measurement of SiN and SiCN thin films (40 to 120 nm) deposited on Cu/Ta/TaN/SiO2/Si substrate. The influence of the film thickness and the wear of the indenter tip on the critical force are studied. Finite element calculations show that the delamination at critical force is due to high stress in the SiCN film and at SiCN/Cu interface. Micro-scratch test was then applied to polymer films (500 to 1000 nm) deposited on stainless steel. The results show the enhancement of the adhesion when an electro-grafted sub-layer is used to promote steel/polymer interface
Yang, Yi. "Design and control of an integrated haptic interface for touch screen applications". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10095/document.
Texto completoThe lack of haptic feedback is a significant problem of current touch screens. Without haptic feedback, users have to rely almost entirely on visual feedback to operate on a touch screen. As a result, users’ performance is deteriorated and users’ visual workload is increased. Adding tactile feedback to touch screens has shown to be a promising solution to address this problem. However, the force feedback in interactions with virtual objects on touch screens is not provided. This thesis presents the design and evaluation of an integrated haptic device for enhancing interactions on touch screens. The device consists of a cable-driven force feedback device and a squeeze film based tactile device. The cable-driven force feedback device uses four cables to provide force feedback to one finger or dual fingers through controlling the cable tensions. It can provide force feedback when the user clicks a button, grasps an object and interacts with other objects. The tactile device is based on the squeeze film effect to reduce the friction coefficient on the touch surface. We propose an accurate model to analyze the power consumption of the device and use the model to develop a large area (198 mm × 138mm) tactile device with very few piezoceramics and low power consumption. Each of these two devices can be used individually and the integrated device is able to provide simultaneous force feedback and tactile feedback on a touch surface. The coupled haptic feedback has been evaluated through simulating a boundary. As compared with a single type of haptic feedback (e.g. force feedback), the coupled haptic feedback enhances the simulation by making the boundary stiffer and crisper
Olivier, Loïc. "Prévision du vieillissement thermo-oxydant de composites à matrice organique dédiés à l'aéronautique : prise en compte des couplages multiphysiques". Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Olivier-Loic/2008-Olivier-Loic-These.pdf.
Texto completoThe aim of the study is to understand and forecast damage onset conditions in aeronautic C/Epoxy composite materials, under thermo-oxidizing environment. An original testing device is presented, built for loading mechanically composite samples under temperature and gas pressure simultaneously, and studying couplings between deformation and thermooxidation mechanisms. On another hand, a multi physic modeling is performed, minimizing the resort to phenomenological parameters: this theoretical approach is taking into account all phenomena, and provides an expression of the coupling expressions. The model is then implemented in a finite element code, to simulate in a realistic way the composites evolution during a thermo-oxidizing cycle. A quantitative comparison is done between experimentally measured and numerically pre dicted matrix shrinkage values. A good agreement is observed in all onfigurations, as far as damage onset has not occurred. In the latter case, this onset can be detected and the scenario of damage initiation can be foreseen. In the end, the perspective of a multi scale approach is investigated, in order to extend the models application capability to the service life of large structural laminate components
Verone, Benjamin. "Étude du comportement statique et dynamique d'un matériau composite textile interlock 3D - caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation numérique". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35273.
Texto completoThis study presents the development of a tool for numerical simulation of the behavior of a special textile composite material called interlock 3D. This composite woven fabric exhibits interesting performance in terms of impact resistance and damage tolerance. These properties come from the presence of strands woven through the thickness. As a result, this material can be a very interesting alternative to conventional laminated composite, which have only planar oriented fibers, for aeronautical applications where elements are subjected to impacts and subjected to delamination. This work presents an experimental campaign aimed at characterizing the behavior of the material in the in-plane directions and through the thickness. Subsequently behavior laws are developed to reproduce the mechanical behavior in each direction. Seting up the mechanics of damage, as well as the inelastic behavior were the most complex parts. This model is subsequently implemented in the ABAQUS / Explicit finite element software using a VUMAT subroutine. Simulations of the material mechanical behavior are first performed to validate the predictions of the model in all the directions. Then, quasi-static indentation tests are performed and the results compared to the model predictions. Finally, dynamic impact simulations are carried out on the woven composite using rigid and soft projectiles as well as different configurations. Comparisons with experimental results show the model's good ability to reproduce the behavior of the material during impact with a rigid low-velocity projectile. High impact energies reflect shortcomings in the mechanics of damage close to rupture. Impact results with a soft low-velocity projectile are encouraging and show the ability of the model to provide a correct estimate of the impact force, although overestimated in some configurations
Olivier, Loïc Lafarie-Frenot Marie-Christine Grandidier Jean-Claude. "Prévision du vieillissement thermo-oxydant de composites à matrice organique dédiés à l'aéronautique prise en compte des couplages multiphysiques /". Poitiers : I-Médias, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/index.php?id=532.
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