Literatura académica sobre el tema "French organizational context"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "French organizational context":
1
Frederic Livian, Yves. "Is the French sociology of organisations specifically French?" International Journal of Organizational Analysis 22, n.º 4 (7 de octubre de 2014): 534–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-05-2013-0671.
Resumen
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the contribution of French sociology of organisations (mainly represented by M. Crozier, E. Friedberg and J.D. Reynaud) to the knowledge of organisations in the French context, specially through the “bureaucratic phenomenon”. Design/methodology/approach – The author shows that the work has provided a relevant picture of some of the main characteristics of a “French way of organising”, but shows in a second part that French specificities are only a part of the authors’ scientific project, and discusses some of the reasons why it did not get a large international recognition in the English-speaking literature. Findings – The article provides a summary of the analysis and a discussion of its relevance to the French context today. It opens a reflection about the question as to whether a sociological school based on field studies can be used outside of its original context of conception. Research limitations/implications – The author does not have the ambition of an exhaustive overview of the international impact of this school. Practical implications – The author aims at a reevaluation of the contribution, for English-speaking academics, and at a development of the thinking about the use of the “strategic analysis” model. Originality/value – An examination of the today relevance of the “bureaucratic” model in France, and a better knowledge of the interest of this school outside France.
2
Doutre, Elisabeth. "Engagement organisationnel en situation de changement: quelles perspectives dans un hôpital public? Revue de question". Psihologia Resurselor Umane 6, n.º 1 (21 de enero de 2020): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24837/pru.v6i1.347.
Resumen
This study aims to identify which variables are presents in a context of organizational change and to examine how they are antecedents of the leader’s organizational commitment (EO), either separately or jointly. These variables can also have some effects on the collaborator’s affective commitment to the supervisor. The case of a French public hospital will be–taken as an example to develop the context of these perspectives of research and application.
3
Molines, Mathieu, Pierre-Yves Sanséau y Mladen Adamovic. "How organizational stressors affect collective organizational citizenship behaviors in the French Police". International Journal of Public Sector Management 30, n.º 1 (9 de enero de 2017): 48–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-02-2016-0043.
Resumen
Purpose Stress issues are a major concern for public organisations, especially in law enforcement. Organisational context is to blame for high levels of stress and low performance. Thus, the purpose of this paper is twofold. First, the authors aim to understand how one contextual variable – organisational stressors that emanate from the police station’s characteristics – affect organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). The second research aim is to assess how promoting trust in the police station can help mitigate the negative effects of these stressors. Based on the job demands – resources framework, the model posits that organisational stressors initiate a health-impairment process through an emotional-exhaustion climate, that can ultimately damage collective OCBs. The authors also propose that fostering a trust climate, as job resource, buffer the undesirable and negative impact of organisational stressors on exhaustion climate and collective OCB. Design/methodology/approach The paper opted for a quantitative study. Based on a sample of 718 police officers from 70 French Police stations, the authors follow the procedure outlined by Preacher (2013) to test the moderated-mediation model. Findings The study show that organisational stressors initiate a health-impairment process through an emotional-exhaustion climate, that can ultimately damage collective OCBs. The authors also demonstrate that fostering a trust climate, as job resource, will not decrease negative effects of organisational stressors but only contained them. Low-trust climate and moderate trust climate will, on the contrary, amplified the negative effects of these organisational stressors. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need to study stressors-strain-performance relationship at the collective level in a large sample of police officers. The paper includes implications for the development of interventions at the collective level.
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Paillé, Pascal. "Assessing Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the French Context: Evidence for the Four-Dimensional Model". Journal of Psychology 143, n.º 2 (marzo de 2009): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/jrlp.143.2.133-146.
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Aloui, Mouna y Anis Jarboui. "Does domestic institutional ownership increase return volatility? The French context". International Journal of Law and Management 61, n.º 2 (4 de abril de 2019): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-10-2017-0249.
Resumen
Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of domestic ownership on the stock return volatility. The authors use a detailed panel data set of 89 French companies listed on the SBF 120 over the period 2006-2013. The empirical results show that the domestic institutional investors have low stock price volatility in the French stock market. This result implies the stabilizing factor of domestic investors in France stock markets, which can be considered as one of the potential favor of growing the exhibition of domestic stock markets to institutional investors. This study employs a variety of econometric models, including feedbacks, to test the robustness of our empirical results. Design/methodology/approach To explain the relation between stock return volatility and domestic institutional investors (DIIs), the authors used two complementary methods: two-step generalized method of moments analysis as well as panel vector autoregressive framework and two-stage least squares (2SLS) method. Findings The authors’ empirical results show that the proportion of DIIs with advanced local degrees stabilizes the stock price volatility. However, firm’s size and the turnover have a positive effect on the volatility of the stock returns. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that the firm’s size and the turnover will increase price volatility during a financial crisis as a result of the deterioration of the monitoring mechanism and the reduction of the investors’ confidence in firms. Originality/value This result also indicates that the variables (the firm’s size, total sales and debt ratio) are poor corporate governance and have a role in the increased the stock return volatility.
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Savall, Henri y Véronique Zardet. "Action research and intervention research in the French landscape of organizational research". International Journal of Organizational Analysis 22, n.º 4 (7 de octubre de 2014): 551–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-06-2013-0675.
Resumen
Purpose – This paper aims to present a concise history of the main action research (AR) contribution in France. The authors discuss the role of AR in the organizational research field in general and compare it with intervention research (IR) and presented Institute of Socio-Economy of Enterprises and Organizations’s specific contributions and its presence on the international stage through review publications and wider works. Design/methodology/approach – A narrative approach was used to analyze this history. Findings – AR is considered as a research family. The authors define and compare AR with other qualitative methods. They analyze AR and IR principles, which include interaction with practitioners, negotiation with them, focusing in the third part on the case of ISEOR research team. Social implications – AR and IR permit to bridge the gap between researchers and practitioners, to develop useful research. At the same time, they permit to develop new researchers' competencies and to fund research, in a context of reduced public research funds. Originality/value – This article permits to understand the reality of what is and how to develop an IR, and the difficulties for researchers to insert them in the academic community, although France seems to be more permissive than others’ contexts. It permits also to better know the French IR and AR research in management.
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Keskes, Imen, Jose M. Sallan, Pep Simo y Vicenc Fernandez. "Transformational leadership and organizational commitment". Journal of Management Development 37, n.º 3 (9 de abril de 2018): 271–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-04-2017-0132.
Resumen
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose and to test three models in order to examine the mechanisms through which dimensions of transformational leadership influence different forms of organizational commitment by testing the possible mediating role of leader-member exchange (LMX) dimensions. Design/methodology/approach The participants in this study are represented by 427 senior executive French employees having a university degree and minimum two years of work experience in their current organization. The relationships between different variables were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings The results indicate that the dimensions of LMX mediated the relationships between the dimensions of transformational leadership and organizational commitment dimensions. The contribution dimension of LMX acts as a consequence, rather than an antecedent of commitment. These findings are important since they may serve as a bind between leadership dimensions and the kind of organizational commitment that each of these dimensions can generate in followers. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study that tests the interaction of transformational leadership and LMX on organizational commitment in a French context. The originality of this work leads on investigating these three concepts as multidimensional constructs and focusing on the mediating role of LMX in the relationship between dimensions of transformational leadership and different forms of organizational commitment which can be considered as a novelty in the field of research in this area. As a result, this study addresses concerns about that lack of academic research on the mechanisms by which transformational leaders influence the organizational commitment of their followers.
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Martelli, Nicolas, Capucine Devaux, Hélène van den Brink, Mathilde Billaux, Judith Pineau, Patrice Prognon y Isabelle Borget. "HARMONIZING HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT PRACTICES IN UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS: TO WHAT EXTENT IS THE MINI-HTA MODEL SUITABLE IN THE FRENCH CONTEXT?" International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, n.º 2 (2017): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317000393.
Resumen
Background: The number of new medical devices for individual use that are launched annually exceeds the assessment capacity of the French national health technology assessment (HTA) agency. This has resulted in hospitals, and particularly university hospitals (UHs), developing hospital-based HTA initiatives to support their decisions for purchasing innovative devices. However, the methodologies used in such hospitals have no common basis. The aim of this study was to assess a mini-HTA model as a potential solution to harmonize HTA methodology in French UHs.Methods: A systematic review was conducted on Medline, Embase, Health Technology Assessment database, and Google Scholar to identify published articles reporting the use of mini-HTA tools and decision support-like models. A survey was also carried out in eighteen French UHs to identify in-house decision support tools. Finally, topics evaluated in the Danish mini-HTA model and in French UHs were compared using Jaccard similarity coefficients.Results: Our findings showed differences between topics evaluated in French UHs and those assessed in decision support models from the literature. Only five topics among the thirteen most evaluated in French UHs were similar to those assessed in the Danish mini-HTA model. The organizational and ethical/social impacts were rarely explored among the surveyed models used in French UHs when introducing new medical devices.Conclusions: Before its widespread and harmonized use in French UHs, the mini-HTA model would first require adaptations to the French context.
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Tudor, Mihaela-Alexandra. "Spiritualreligiosity in the Workplace between Media and Organizational Logics: A French Perspective". KOME 9, n.º 1 (2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17646/kome.75672.58.
Resumen
This exploratory research focuses on how mainstream media apprehends religion in the workplace in the specific French socio-cultural and ideological framing through the media coverage analysis of the French Observatory of Religious Phenomenon in Organization’s annual survey, published in September 2018. Findings reveal that media operates with a meaning of religion still subject to a conception of laicitythat corroborate antagonism between science and religion onthe one hand, and, secularization as an indicator of transition from traditional society to modern society on the other hand. Managers and companies implicitly use a more elastic meaning, in accordance with the specificities of the workplace and labor market that has integrated a more deinstitutionalizing vision of religion, in the context of the emergence of new religious representations in touch with alternative spiritualities.
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CHETIOUI BEN OSMAN, Lamia y Éléonore MOUNOUD. "Action organisationnelle et isomorphisme institutionnel: Une grande banque française face à Internet". Management international 10, n.º 3 (2006): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.59876/a-bnzx-edxp.
Resumen
This article develops an understanding of the information technology integration process that links three levels: the organizational field, the organization, and the interactions between individuals. It is organized around the longitudinal study of the introduction of an online banking information system in a leading French bank. The organizational action is discussed using the interactions among members of the organization in that these interactions are both entrenched in an institutional context and situated in an organization. The study of the interactions leads us to an analysis of the structuring episodes and mechanisms of both the organization and the organizational field. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Tesis sobre el tema "French organizational context":
1
Chapaux-Morelli, Pascale. "La dissonance identitaire au travail : développement théorique et demarche operationnelle par une approche mixed-method". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA080006.
Resumen
Avec l’intérêt croissant envers les questions identitaires, la dissonance identitaire au travail devient un enjeu majeur. Il s’agit d’un inconfort psychologique sévère suite à une divergence consciemment éprouvée par l’individu entre ce qu’il pense être et ce qui le contraint dans son sentiment identitaire. Après une présentation des aspects historiques touchant à l’identité nous avons élaboré, dans le cadre de la Théorie de la Divergence du Self (Higgins, 1987), un instrument de mesure à travers une approche inductive, au vu du manque de littérature spécifique. La construction de l’IDS-Work a donné lieu à une structure, en deux dimensions indépendantes, pour un total de onze items. La latitude d’expression identitaire mesure le degré par lequel l’individu exprime sa personnalité et son identité au travail, et la pression normative mesure le degré de contraintes perçues au niveau identitaire. Nous avons ensuite procédé à l’analyse des effets de la dissonance identitaire sur les processus de santé au travail, puis à une étude qualitative où la dissonance est envisagée comme un levier d’évolution. Les résultats de ces différentes études ont permis : de souligner l’effet direct massif de la dissonance identitaire sur l’intention de quitter, le bien-être eudémonique et, très massivement, sur la dissonance émotionnelle ; de dégager des profils latents séparant les individus souhaitant changer de métier ou pas, les premiers ayant des scores faibles d’estime de soi et de focus promotionnel ; de souligner l’importance de phénomènes tels que l’héritage social ou le multi-jobbing. Les résultats sont discutés et les perspectives futures envisagéesConsidering the increasing interest in identity issues, identity dissonance at work is becoming a major issue. It is a severe psychological discomfort as a result of a conscious discrepancy experienced by the individual between actual self and ought self, at the workplace. After a presentation of the historical aspects of identity and on the basis of Higgins’ Self-Discrepancy Theory, we developed an instrument of measurement through an inductive approach, given the lack of specific literature. The construction of the IDS-Work resulted in an independent two-dimensional structure for a total of eleven items. The latitude of expressive identity measures the degree by which the individual expresses his/her personality and identity at work, and normative pressure measures the degree of perceived constraints at an identity level. We then analyzed the effects of identity dissonance on occupational health processes, and realized a qualitative study, in which dissonance is seen as a lever for evolution. The results of such studies have allowed: to highlight the direct effect of identity dissonance on the intention to leave, the eudemonic well-being and, very massively, on emotional dissonance; to identify latent profiles separating individuals who wish to change occupation or not, the former with low scores of self-esteem and promotional focus; to underline the importance of phenomena such as social heritage or multi-jobbing. The results are discussed, and the future research envisaged
2
Becker, Caroline. "Identité professionnelle et attitudes au travail des pilotes de l'Armée de l'air". Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR2014.
Resumen
Créée en 1934, l’Armée de l’air est née et s’est construite autour de l’image du pilote, qui constitue le cœur de son identité. Paradoxalement l’identité professionnelle des pilotes et ses effets aux niveaux organisationnel et individuel sont à ce jour peu étudiés et donc méconnus. L’objectif général de notre travail doctoral était d’une part d’analyser les caractéristiques de l’identité des pilotes de l’Armée de l’air et leurs conséquences au niveau de certaines attitudes organisationnelles (i.e., satisfaction au travail et intention de turnover) ainsi que les mécanismes explicatifs sous-tendant ces liens, et d’autre part d’étudier l’impact identitaire au niveau intra-individuel d’une situation d’incertitude professionnelle chez cette même population. S’appuyant sur trois études empiriques, notre travail a adopté une approche intégrative de l’identité. Celle-ci était considérée comme un construit multifacette à trois niveaux de lecture : personnel, relationnel et collectif, et a été envisagée du point de vue de la théorie de l’identité sociale dans les deux premières études et selon l’approche développementale dans la troisième. L’étude 1, transversale, a permis d’attester de l’existence d’une identité spécifique des pilotes par rapport aux non-navigants et de mettre au jour trois profils d’identification intra-pilotes. L’étude 2, transversale, a démontré un effet différencié des profils d’identification sur la satisfaction au travail et l’intention de turnover, expliqué par deux dimensions du besoin d’accomplissement : la perception de la brèche du contrat psychologique et le Person-job fit. Enfin la troisième étude, au travers d’un protocole longitudinal via la méthode des diary studies, a éclairé les dynamiques identitaires en jeu dans une période d’incertitude professionnelle chez les pilotes. Ces trois études contribuent à enrichir la littérature scientifique sur l’approche intégrative de l’identité ainsi que sur une population jusqu’alors peu étudiée. Les résultats obtenus permettent par ailleurs d’amorcer une réflexion sur la prise en compte dans les pratiques managériales de l’Armée de l’air des identités professionnelles des pilotesCreated in 1934, French Air Force’s very existence is linked to pilots, whom constitute the chore of its identity. Paradoxically, pilots’ professional identity and its organizational and individual effects are quite unknown. The main objective of our doctoral work was, on one hand, to question the characteristics of the French Air Force’s pilots identity and their effect on organizational attitudes (i.e., job satisfaction and turnover intentions) with the explicative mechanisms underlying that link; and on another hand, to study the intra individual identity impact of a situation of professional uncertainty in this very population. Made of three studies, our work kept an integrative approach of identity. The latter was considered as a multifaceted construct with three reading levels: personal, relational and collective, and was considered through the social identity theory lens in our first two studies, and according to the developmental approach in our third. The first cross-sectional study allowed us to attest the existence of a specific identity of pilots compared to the non-pilots and to delineate three intra-pilots identification profiles. The second cross-sectional study, demonstrated differentiated effects of identification profiles on satisfaction at work and turnover intention, explained by two dimensions of the need fulfillment: the perception of the psychological contract breach and the Person-job fit. At last, our third study brought, through a micro longitudinal protocol via the diary studies method, a first look at the identity dynamics at stake in a period of professional uncertainty for pilots, allowing us to raise hypotheses about the effect of the considered period on the identity at the macro level.Those three studies contribute to extend the scientific literature about the integrative approach of the identity and about a population that was poorly studied until now and start a reflection about the acknowledgement and the possible managements of the pilot’s professional identities by the French Air Force
Libros sobre el tema "French organizational context":
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Sampson, Karen L. Value-Added Records Management. 2a ed. www.quorumbooks.com, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216031680.
Resumen
Buried in paper? As new technologies, threats of litigation, and the onslaught of e-business innovations change the very nature of work, organizations need ways to safely and properly manage information. This revised and expanded edition of Sampson's earlier classic shows how records and information management practices jointly contribute to an organization's financial well being, be it public or private, non- or for-profit. Recordkeeping practices affect business objectives, processes, functions, and ultimately everyone in the organization. This book covers recordkeeping in all media, including paper, microfilm, electronic, and other storage modes. Instead of focusing on records media and information technologies, Sampson shows why organizations must focus on the content and value of records as they are determined by the organization's operating needs, the government's requirements, and relevant legislation. She shows how to create an essential uniformity in records management, one that integrates the many media systems you use into a single master system. Also included is a cautionary section explaining why skillful records and information management is essential to safeguard an organization's legal rights. This book provides fresh management perspectives and new business strategies, showing how to cope with the growing dependence on electronic records.
2
Lane, Christel. From Taverns to Gastropubs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826187.001.0001.
Resumen
This book charts the social historical development of the English public house from the period of the Restoration to the twenty-first century, culminating in the contemporary gastropub. Continuities and differences between taverns, inns, and (gastro)pubs are highlighted, with a focus on issues around food, drink, and sociality. The analysis of food and eating out encompasses their material, as well as their symbolic properties, both historically and at the present time. One recurring theme is the constant contest between English and French cuisine for diners’ allegiance. The book studies the gastropub in the context of large-scale pub closing since the 1990s and views it both as reaction to the end of the traditional drinking pub and as a promising alternative to it. The subordinate relation of the pub to both breweries/pub companies and to the regulatory and taxing state is presented as contributory to pubs’ decline. The book uses the theoretical lenses of class, gender, and national identification to explore issues of social and organizational identity. The gastropub’s organizational identity is viewed as unsettled. The author relies on historical diaries, memoirs, industry reports, and scholarly secondary sources, as well as utilizing original data, gained in forty in-depth interviews of publicans in different parts of England.
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Kristensen, Anders R., Thomas Lopdrup-Hjorth y Bent Meier Sørensen. Gilles Deleuze (1925–1995). Editado por Jenny Helin, Tor Hernes, Daniel Hjorth y Robin Holt. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669356.013.0031.
Resumen
Gilles Deleuze is a French philosopher known for his ontological thinking. In the field of organization studies, Deleuze is associated with postmodernism and post-structuralism along with fellow thinkers such as Jacques Derrida. This chapter examines Deleuze’s philosophical views and considers how processual thinking has emerged as an important area of research within organization and management studies. It first looks at Deleuze’s understanding of metaphysics and the creation of concepts, along with the connection between process organization studies and the creation of concepts. It then discusses the process ontology that exists within process organization studies in the context of process thinking. It also describes the new spirit of capitalism and its implications for contemporary management thought and highlights some individual cases in which a certain, perhaps Deleuzian, philosophy of organization is developed. The chapter concludes by arguing that the deployment of Deleuze’s philosophy in process organization studies should be more normative and pragmatic.
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Thoms, Peg. Finding the Best and the Brightest. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400651397.
Resumen
Finding the Best and Brightest proposes an approach to choosing leaders based on a set of criteria designed to align individual qualities with organizational or institutional goals. Peg Thoms challenges the popular trend in theory and practice toward transformational or visionary leadership, arguing instead that leadership must be developed in context; many organizations, for example, don't need visionaries as much as they need operational leaders, who get things done by focusing on present-day tasks, such as designing superior products and delivering exceptional customer service. This book provides guidance for how to recruit, select, and retain the right people for leadership positions at any level of the organization. Drawing from research conducted in the private, public, and non-profit sectors, Thoms features powerful examples of effective and ineffective leadership in a variety of situations, and sheds light on the complex relationships between leaders and those who follow them. We all choose our leaders. We hire them to run our companies. We vote them into office. We appoint them to committees. We decide to work for, serve, and follow them. In fact, all leadership is relative; by taking direction or orders, going to bat or war, marching behind, listening, and agreeing, we are choosing to allow another individual to lead us. Whether the stage is a corporation, a country, a club, a school, or any other organization, effective leaders matter. Yet despite such high-profile examples of leadership disasters—from the California recall of Gray Davis to the fall of such business titans as Ken Lay and Sam Waksal—we continue to choose, hire, and elect poor leaders. Finding the Best and Brightest explores this phenomenon in business, politics, and other sectors of society, and proposes an antidote—an approach to choosing leaders based on a set of criteria designed to align individual qualities with organizational or institutional goals. Peg Thoms challenges the popular trend toward transformational leadership, which focuses on identifying universal characteristics, arguing instead that leadership must be developed in context. Many organizations, for example, need operational leaders who can focus on present-day tasks, such as designing superior products and delivering exceptional customer service, and not inspirational or visionary leaders, whose otherwise admirable qualities might be ill-suited to the challenges at hand. Outlining six typical leadership search scenarios—from school principal to hospital CEO—Thoms shows readers how to identify the traits and behaviors that are most essential for the position and how to structure interviews and other search techniques to elicit the most informative responses and home in on the best candidates. She also reminds us that many organizations fail not because they can't find good leaders but because they can't keep them, and offers strategies to promote leadership development. Whether you are an executive giving the nod to a new department head, a concerned citizen casting your vote for a municipal councilman, a club member choosing a new president, or an aspiring leader deciding which offer will provide the greatest growth opportunities, Finding the Best and the Brightest offers fresh insights on the dynamic relationship between leaders and those who follow them.
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Santoro, Marco, Andrea Gallelli y Barbara Grüning. Bourdieu’s International Circulation. Editado por Thomas Medvetz y Jeffrey J. Sallaz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199357192.013.2.
Resumen
An influential figure in the French intellectual field since the 1960s, Pierre Bourdieu (1930–2002) is increasingly influential also—and probably mainly—on a global scale. In fact, the circulation of Bourdieu’s ideas and concepts outside of France greatly exceeds their transatlantic importation, both temporally and spatially. His works circulated in different parts of “old Europe” well before their renown in the United States, especially in countries geographically, historically, and culturally close to France, including Spain, Germany, and Italy. The patterns of transfer in these countries—each with its own intellectual tradition and academic organization—have been varied, both temporally and in intellectual content, following paths that are unpredictable and often surprising in many respects, with consequences in terms of status and identity of the transferred ideas equally diversified and not immediately understandable.
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Kaup, Monika. New Ecological Realisms. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474483094.001.0001.
Resumen
What is the singular reality of humanistic objects of study? New Ecological Realism argues that our contemporary moment after the exhaustion of postmodernism presents an unprecedented opportunity to pursue this question. It proposes that the answer is found in a new concept of the real that hinges on, instead of denying, context, organization and form. New Ecological Realism showcases a context-based concept of the real, arguing that new realisms of complex and embedded wholes, actor-networks, and ecologies, rather than old realisms of isolated parts and things, represent the most promising escape from the impasses of constructivism and positivism. To achieve this, this study devotes equal attention to literature and theory. By pairing post-apocalyptic novels by Margaret Atwood, José Saramago, Octavia Butler, and Cormac McCarthy with new realist theories, this study shows that, just as new realist theories can illuminate post-apocalyptic fiction, post-apocalyptic fiction also embeds new theories of the real. Reassessing the recent revival of interest in ontology in contemporary theory, this study brings together four contemporary theories that formulate context-based realisms: Bruno Latour’s actor-network theory; Chilean neurophenomenologists Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela’s theories of autopoiesis and enactivism; German philosopher Markus Gabriel’s new ontology of fields of sense; French philosopher Jean-Luc Marion’s phenomenology of givenness and American philosopher Alphonso Lingis’s writings on passionate identification. Their shared emphasis on interconnectedness over individuation has gone unnoticed because these theories have never been considered together before.
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Palmer, R. R. Britain: Republicanism and the Establishment. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161280.003.0030.
Resumen
This chapter focuses on England during the revolutionary decade. It argues that in Britain and Ireland, as in Eastern Europe, it was counter-revolution that prevailed. The net effect of the revolutionary decade was to demonstrate, or to consolidate, the strength of the established order. The very lengths to which the established order went, however, in dealing with disaffection (or what was called “sedition”) offer a measure of the magnitude of the discontents. The men who ruled England were not the sort to be frightened by witches. The British governing class was neither timid, foolish, intolerant, nor especially ruthless when unprovoked. That Englishmen of this class became fearful of unrest at home, intolerant of ideas or organizations suggesting those of the French Revolution, repressive in Britain, and deliberately terroristic in Ireland can be taken as evidence of the reality of something of which, from their own point of view, they had reason to be afraid. In England as elsewhere there was a contest between democrats and aristocrats.
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Philp, Mark. Afterword. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812425.003.0015.
Resumen
This expansive afterword reflects upon the whole volume’s arguments and contents. The focus is upon the concept of the miscellaneous: an eighteenth-century mode of organization and appreciation of culture, increasingly contested in the early nineteenth century. The author discusses issues of patriotism and audience reception, arguing for a more nuanced appreciation of the dynamics of political loyalism and dissent in Britain in the period following the French Revolution. Questions of identity and identification are seen as crucial, and as being formed at least in part within theatrical spaces. The author considers the difficult political interpretation of affective tropes such as humour and sentimentality, deftly relating them to the key issues of the day, while also paying attention to chronological change, and the need to recover ways of seeing and feeling that have been lost over the past two centuries.
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Warren, Meg A. y Stewart I. Donaldson, eds. Scientific Advances in Positive Psychology. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216011880.
Resumen
This book examines the range of new theories, research, and applications in the most generative areas of positive psychology, at the dawn of a new wave of positive psychology scholarship—one that is increasingly sensitive to real-world issues, adversity, culture, and context. In the 17 years since the inception of the movement, the field of positive psychology has grown tremendously and inspired research and practice across a range of sub-areas. Scientific Advances in Positive Psychology showcases the wide range of new theories, research, applications, and explorations in what can be termed "the next wave of positive psychology," presenting novel findings and theories that acknowledge and mainstream sensitivity to real-world issues, adversity, culture, and context, in fresh new ways. The contributors to the work—among the best known and most experienced in the field—trace the growth of new developments in each of the key foci of positive psychology, including happiness, character strengths, and gratitude, and document the latest research, theory, and applications. The volume focuses on the contributions and development of positive psychology sub-fields, such as positive organizational psychology and positive youth development, as well as their primary application areas, such as positive education.
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International Journal of African Sciences (IJAS). Editions Lumumba, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58610/ijas.2710.
Resumen
Published by Editions Lumumba with the support of Afriscience, the International Journal of African Sciences (IJAS) is a bilingual interdisciplinary scientific journal (French and English) that aims to promote and disseminate African studies by providing a platform for exchange and dialogue among researchers, academics, and professionals from both Africa and around the world. The Lumumba Editions are registered with the International ISBN Agency through the Francophone Agency for International Book Numbering, under the publisher identifier: 978-2-38489. They have an international editorial committee composed of teachers, researchers, and specialists from Africa and elsewhere, ensuring a diversity of expertise and perspectives. Registered in accordance with the Ordinance Law No. 89-010 of January 11, 1989, of the Congolese State (DR Congo), the Lumumba Editions operate under the establishment permit No. BNC/DPHK/08/2022. As a member of Crossref, one of the organizations based in the United States that participates in the global indexing of scientific content, the Lumumba Editions benefit from a DOI prefix (10.58610). This prefix allows assigning a DOI to each publication, whether it be books, articles, journals, or conference proceedings, thus providing a persistent link to the online location of the edited work. In addition to their network of distributors and international partners, thanks to the open DOI APIs, the publications of the Lumumba Editions are accessible to thousands of other Crossref members and hundreds of organizations worldwide, significantly increasing the visibility and international impact of the edited works.
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "French organizational context":
1
Garbani-Nerini, Elide, Elena Marchiori, Rossella Reale y Lorenzo Cantoni. "Understanding Preferences in Tourism Email Marketing". En Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2022, 382–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94751-4_34.
Resumen
AbstractNowadays, advanced tools allow the personalization of email communication with tourism clients or prospects based on explicit (e.g. name, age, language, country) and implicit indicators (e.g. ranking of activity in the opening rate of the newsletter, browsing preferences, online preferences provided by cookies, etc.). However, knowing how audiences react to emails allows Destination Marketing Organizations (DMOs) to create content clusters for personalized communication. The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the preferences on tourism email marketing of different audiences based on a specific explicit indicator, namely the language chosen by users to receive communications by a DMO. A content analysis on a longitudinal dataset based on 131 newsletter messages sent between 2018 and 2021 to more than 50′000 contacts by a DMO in Switzerland was performed. Results show that content should be adapted to different audiences speaking different languages instead of providing just a translation. Specifically, the German-speaking audience seems to be more inclined to messages that focus on winter sports and hiking, the Italian-speaking audience to news about hiking and information on COVID-19, the French-speaking audience to news about promotions, while the English-speaking audience to contents on discounts and COVID-19-related. These results provide an important contribution to studies on tourism personalization of communication in the context of email marketing, suggesting the role of content adaptation according to the language and cultural background of the audience. DMO managers can also benefit from this research in understanding how to address a similar study on their datasets and compare the emerged content clusters.
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Glémain, Pascal. "The Work Integration Social Enterprises as “Learning Organizations”". En Providing public goods and commons, 37–54. Liège: CIRIEC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.css1chap2.
Resumen
The model of sustainable development implies political support from local authorities to the actors of this territorial dynamic which is sustained by the social and solidarity economy’s organizations and this, whether is their potential of transformation in the economic, social and environmental level. In this context, social enterprises as learning organizations involved in the field of integration through economic appear like “firms” at the heart of the features of development of the territory and local development process, in the way of a dialogue “company-territory” as descending as ascending in servicing employment through learning processes with work. To demonstrate this, we rely on the case of “ateliers et chantiers d’insertion” (ACI), which are sustained by the institutions of the French network Chantier école. A large part of this contribution comes from a working paper out of the research program ICSEM-SOCENT into the European network EMES.
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Bance, Philippe, Jean-Philippe Milesy y Christelle Zagbayou. "The development in France of partnerships between public and social economy organizations and the new paradigm of public action". En Providing public goods and commons, 163–83. Liège: CIRIEC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.css1chap8.
Resumen
The chapter explains why and how the institutional and social transformations that have taken place in France during the last decades with the advent of the new public management are at the origin of new forms of cooperation between social economy organisations provided in the past by public organisations or private companies providing public services and in charge of the missions entrusted to them. Today, public and social economy partnerships are encouraged by public enterprises, public non-market organisations or public authorities, which see it as a means to extend public service delivery in a context of reducing financial resources. These transformations have the advantage of the cooperation of different organisations to maintain or increase public service provisions for the benefit of citizens. However, the future of this emerging model raises three main interrogations: the capacity of social economy organisations to retain their own identity by becoming largely providers of public organisations or authorities; the resilience of the fundamentally centralist conception which permeates the French model and limits the scope of these new partnerships; and last the banalization of social economy organisations as a result of the deployment of new public management and the neoliberal conception that limit the ability to co-construct the general interest with the different partners.
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Malisch, Rainer, Alexander Schächtele, Ralf Lippold, Björn Hardebusch, Kerstin Krätschmer, F. X. Rolaf van Leeuwen, Gerald Moy et al. "Overall Conclusions and Key Messages of the WHO/UNEP-Coordinated Human Milk Studies on Persistent Organic Pollutants". En Persistent Organic Pollutants in Human Milk, 615–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34087-1_16.
Resumen
AbstractBuilding on the two rounds of exposure studies with human milk coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the mid-1980s and 1990s on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), five expanded studies on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were performed between 2000 and 2019. After the adoption of the Stockholm Convention on POPs (the Convention) in 2001, WHO and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) collaborated in joint studies starting in 2004. The collaboration aimed at provision of POPs data for human milk as a core matrix under the Global Monitoring Plan (GMP) to assess the effectiveness of the Convention as required under Article 16. Over time, the number of analytes in the studies expanded from the initial 12 POPs targeted by the Convention for elimination or reduction to the 30 POPs covered under the Stockholm Convention and two other POPs proposed for listing as of 2019. Many of these chemicals have numerous congeners, homologous groups, isomeric forms, and transformation products, which significantly extends the number of recommended analytes.In the studies between 2000 and 2019, 82 countries from all five United Nations regions participated, of which 50 countries participated in more than one study. For the human milk samples of the 2016–2019 period, results are available for the full set of 32 POPs of interest for the Convention until 2019: (i) the 26 POPs listed by the start of the study in 2016; (ii) decabromodiphenyl ether [BDE-209] and short-chain chlorinated paraffins [SCCP] as listed in 2017; (3) dicofol and perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA] as listed in 2019; (4) medium-chain chlorinated paraffins [MCCP] and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid [PFHxS] as proposed for listing. This is a unique characteristic among the core matrices under the GMP.Four key messages can be derived: These studies are an efficient and effective tool with global coverage as key contributor to the GMP. After collection of a large number of individual samples (usually 50) fulfilling protocol criteria, pooled samples are prepared using equal aliquots of individual samples (physical averaging) and are considered to be representative for a country, subregion or subpopulation at the time of the sampling. The analysis of pooled representative human milk samples by dedicated Reference Laboratories meeting rigorous quality criteria contributes to reliability and comparability and reduces uncertainty of the analytical results. Additionally, this concept is very cost-effective. These studies can be used for regional differentiation based on concentrations of individual POPs between and within the five UN Regional Groups (African Group, Asia-Pacific Group, Eastern European Group, Group of Latin American and Caribbean Countries; Western European and Others Group). For some POPs, a wide range of concentrations with up to three orders of magnitude between lower and upper concentrations was found, even for countries in the same UN region. Some countries had levels within the usual range for most POPs, but high concentrations for certain POPs. Findings of concentrations in the upper third of the frequency distribution may motivate targeted follow-up studies rather than if the observed level of a POP is found in the lower third of frequency distribution. However, the concentration of a POP has also to be seen in context of the sampling period and the history and pattern of use of the POPs in each country. Therefore, results are not intended for ranking of individual countries but rather to distinguish broader patterns. These studies can provide an assessment of time trends, as possible sources of variation were minimized by the survey concepts building on two factors (sampling design; analysis of the pooled samples by dedicated Reference Laboratories). The estimation of time trends based on comparison of median or mean concentrations in UN Regional Groups over the five surveys in five equal four-year periods between 2000 and 2019 provides a first orientation. However, the variation of the number of countries participating in a UN Regional Group in a certain period can influence the median or mean concentrations. Thus, it is more prudent to only use results of countries with repeated participation in these studies for drawing conclusions on temporal trends. The reduction rates in countries should be seen in context with the concentration range: A differentiation of high levels and those in the range of the background contamination is meaningful. If high levels are found, sources might be detected which could be eliminated. This can lead to significant decrease rates over the following years. However, if low background levels are reported, no specific sources can be detected. Other factors for exposure, e.g. the contamination of feed and food by air via long-range transport and subsequent bioaccumulation, cannot be influenced locally. However, only very few time points from most individual countries for most POPs of interest are available, which prevents the derivation of statistically significant temporal trends in these cases. Yet, the existing data can indicate decreasing or increasing tendencies in POP concentrations in these countries. Furthermore, pooling of data in regions allows to derive statistically significant time trends in the UN Regional Groups and globally. Global overall time trends using the data from countries with repeated participation were calculated by the Theil–Sen method. Regarding the median levels of the five UN Regional Groups, a decrease per 10 years by 58% was found for DDT, by 84% for beta-HCH, by 57% for HCB, by 32% for PBDE, by 48% for PFOS, by 70% for PCB, and by 48% for PCDD and PCDF (expressed as toxic equivalents). In contrast, the concentrations of chlorinated paraffins (CP) as “emerging POPs” showed increasing tendencies in some UN Regional Groups. On a global level, a statistically significant increase of total CP (total CP content including SCCP [listed in the Convention in 2017] and MCCP [proposed to be listed]) concentrations in human milk of 30% over 10 years was found. The studies can provide the basis for discussion of the relative importance (“ranking”) of the quantitative occurrence of POPs. This, however, requires a differentiation between two subgroups of lipophilic substances ([i] dioxin-like compounds, to be determined in the pg/g [=ng/kg] range, and [ii] non-dioxin-like chlorinated and brominated POPs, to be determined in the ng/g [=μg/kg] range; both groups reported on lipid base) and the more polar perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS); reported on product base [as pg/g fresh weight] or on volume base [ng/L]. For this purpose, results for the complete set of the 32 POPs of interest for the 2016–2019 period were considered. By far, the highest concentrations of lipophilic substances were found for DDT (expressed as “DDT complex”: sum of all detected analytes, calculated as DDT; maximum: 7100 ng/g lipid; median: 125 ng/g lipid) and for chlorinated paraffins (total CP content; maximum: 700 total CP/g lipid; median: 116 ng total CP/g lipid). PCB was next in the ranking and had on average an order of magnitude lower concentrations than the average of the total CP concentrations. The high CP concentrations were caused predominantly by MCCP. If the pooled samples from mothers without any known major contamination source nearby showed a high level of CP, some individual samples (e.g. from local population close to emission sources, as a result of exposure to consumer products or from the domestic environment) might even have significantly higher levels. The lactational intake of SCCP and MCCP of the breastfed infant in the microgram scale resulting from the mothers’ dietary and environmental background exposure should therefore motivate targeted follow-up studies and further measures to reduce exposure (including in the case of MCCP, regulatory efforts, e.g. restriction in products). Further, due to observed levels, targeted research should look at the balance among potential adverse effects against positive health aspects for the breastfed infants for three groups of POPs (dioxin-like compounds; non-dioxin-like chlorinated and brominated POPs; PFAS) regarding potentially needed updates of the WHO guidance. As an overall conclusion, the seven rounds of WHO/UNEP human milk exposure studies are the largest global survey on human tissues with a harmonized protocol spanning over the longest time period and carried out in a uniform format. Thus, these rounds are an effective tool to obtain reliable and comparable data sets on this core matrix and a key contributor to the GMP. A comprehensive set of global data covering all POPs targeted by the Stockholm Convention, in all UN Regional Groups, and timelines covering a span of up to three decades allows to evaluate data from various perspectives. A widened three-dimensional view is necessary to discuss results and can be performed using the three pillars for assessments of the comprehensive data set, namely: analytes of interest; regional aspects; time trends. This can identify possible problems for future targeted studies and interventions at the country, regional, or global level. Long-term trends give an indication of the effectiveness of measures to eliminate or reduce specific POPs. The consideration of countries with repeated participation in these studies provides the best possible database for the evaluation of temporal trends. The continuation of these exposure studies is important for securing sufficient data for reliable time trend assessments in the future. Therefore, it is highly recommended to continue this monitoring effort, particularly for POPs that are of public health concern.
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Catlin, Loïc, Anne-Francoise Bailly-Bender y V. éronique de Saint-Giniez. "Exploring Boundaryless Careers in the French Context". En Career Frontiers: New Conceptions of Working Lives, 228–55. Oxford University PressOxford, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198296911.003.0011.
Resumen
Abstract In the past few years, research in careers has questioned the supremacy of the organizational career, and proposed a new concept to refer to the discontinuities and new forms of mobility experienced by an increasing number of people in their professional lives. This ‘new career’ has also been called the ‘boundaryless career’ (Arthur and Rousseau 1996) and the ‘post¬ corporate career’ (Peiperl and Baruch 1997). In a similar way to the ‘protean career’ (Hall 1976), the new career is no longer shaped by organizational needs but emerges from actions and choices of individuals, who act as inter-organizational players in the market for competencies (Arthur et al. 1999). They manage their careers in a more autonomous fashion, moving between jobs, companies, or professions, in order to accumulate competencies and increase their employment value.
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Maurice, Arndt Sorge Marc. "The Societal Effect in the Strategies of French and German Machine-Tool Manufacturers". En Country Competitiveness, 75–96. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072778.003.0005.
Resumen
Abstract Research and theory about comparative advantage in societies or national economies have tended to neglect some of the most important factors: work organization; the skills and knowledge of the work force and the way these are developed; the relations of producers to clients, suppliers, and other organizations or institutions; and the nature of entrepreneurial dispositions or strategies. Since the 1970s, however, we have seen an increasing number of international comparisons covering these factors, particularly, comparisons conducted by what Rose ( 1985) has called the Aix Group to denote the group of scholars located at the University at Aix-en-Provence. Following the larger Franco-German comparison by Maurice, Sellier, and Silvestre (1977, 1982), the Aix Group’s primary tenet has been that similar or near-identical industrial goals in similar task environments can be achieved in ways that are substantially different concerning work organization, human resources, and industrial relations. An organizational unit’s societal context explains why units adopt and maintain different patterns, which prevail without regard for different industrial goals and contexts (e.g., the nature of products and production technology, size of units, dependence, regional location).
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Ndzana, Martin y Gregory Mvogo. "Formality and Innovation in French-Speaking Sub-Saharan African SME: Cases of Cameroon and Senegal". En Innovation, Research and Development, Capital Evaluation [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101738.
Resumen
Despite the importance of public policies in favor of the formalization of enterprises in French-speaking Sub-Saharan Africa, the productive fabric remains marked by a strong predominance of informal enterprises whose weight tends to limit the propensity of enterprises to innovate. In this context, becoming formal for an enterprise can improve the innovation capacity of enterprises. This article aims to analyze the role of formality on product, process, organizational and commercial innovations in Cameroon and Senegal. The results obtained using a sample of 1369 firms from data collected by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and logistic regression show that formal firms have a better innovation capacity. But the role of formality on innovation tends to be less important for Cameroonian firms. These results show that the Cameroonian authorities must intensify measures in favor of the formalization of enterprises to boost the potential for innovation within enterprises.
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Laffan, Brigid. "11. The Court of Auditors and the European Anti-Fraud Office: The politics of financial accountability". En Institutions of the European Union. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198737414.003.0011.
Resumen
This chapter examines the politics of financial accountability in the European Union by focusing on two organizational entities designed to protect its financial interests: the Court of Auditors and the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF, from the French Office européen de lutte antifraude). It first provides an overview of the two institutionsʼ origins before discussing their internal structures, powers, and their place in the institutional landscape of the EU. It then considers the institutions in context, with emphasis on their respective roles in financial control and the larger EU system, theories on their establishment and development, and their impact. The chapter concludes by assessing the contributions of OLAF and the Court of Auditors to the growing salience of financial management in the EU.
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Eising, Rainer. "Interest Groups: Opportunity Structures and Governance Capacity". En Germany, Europe, and the Politics of Constraint. British Academy, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197262955.003.0008.
Resumen
This chapter looks at continuity and change among German interest groups and patterns of interest intermediation in the context of European integration. In other words, it analyses the Europeanization of interest intermediation. While several analysts regard the degree of fit between the EU and the German mode of interest intermediation as a decisive influence on the responses of these groups to European integration, it is argued that it is mainly organizational capacities that explain interest group strategies in the EU multi-level system. The argument is tested in the following steps. First, the chapter provides an overview of the EU and the German systems of interest groups, of the prevalent modes of interest intermediation, and of associational self-regulation at both levels. Based on survey data of German, British, French, and EU business associations, as well as large firms, the general strategies of German interest groups in the EU are outlined. Next, a cluster analysis serves to distinguish five types of interest groups according to their access to political institutions, their access to information from these institutions, and their political activities during the policy cycle: niche organizations, occasional (national) players, (national) traditionalists, EU players, and multilevel players. The results confirm the implications of the ‘capacity’ hypothesis: in general, the changes in the institutional opportunity structure have not led to a major reshuffling of the domestic power structure or to a transformation of the weakly corporatist mode of interest intermediation in Germany.
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Mougeon, Raymond y Édouard Beniak. "French-language Spread". En Linguistic Consequences of Language Contact and Restriction, 44–67. Oxford University PressOxford, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198248279.003.0003.
Resumen
Abstract The overall tone of the preceding chapter was admittedly pessimistic. It is time now that we took a look at a different and more optimistic side of the situation of French in Ontario. Indeed, a number of primary causes traditionally invoked to explain language shift do not obtain in the case of the Franco-Ontarian minority. Probably foremost among these is the language of education (but there are also the mass media, community organizations, and government services). Most linguistic minorities around the world do not enjoy the privilege of having elementary and secondary schools in their own language, but Franco– Ontarians do. According to Fishman (1987), the elementary school ranks with the other ‘primary determinants of intergenerational language transmission’ that are the home and neighbourhood.
Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "French organizational context":
1
Ramboarisata, Lovasoa y Linda Ben Fekih Aissi. "Perceptions of organizational injustice in French business schools". En Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11277.
Resumen
Whereas the institutional drivers of the accountability discourse and the apparatus of performance evaluation accompanying such a discourse in the neoliberal university are well documented, their implications at the individual level have received lesser interest. Our paper suggests that more attention be paid to the voices and the experiences of the “governed”. It accounts of the unfairness of the accountability regime in higher education, and more specifically in business schools, as it is perceived by scholars in France. Using insights from the institutional complexity (IC) and organizational justice (OJ) literatures, as well as an empirical analysis of the French business scholars’take on their changing work context and the metrics against which their performance is assessed, our study extends the understanding of the implications of organizations’ rewards, incentives, performance control and evaluation practices for OJ. Moreover, it deconstructs the narrative of the accountability regime by reminding that institutional complexity leaves very little room for many scholars to be star researchers, excellent program managers, innovative and inclusive pedagogues as well as impactful public servants at the same time without hindering other academic missions they value (disinterested collegiality, care, social inclusion), their quality of life, family, and or health.
2
Matahri, Naoe¨lle. "Link Between Operational Experience Data and Pre-Accidental Data". En 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48488.
Resumen
RECUPERARE method has been developed for operating feedback analysis and has been built on the French Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) principles. It is used to study the causes of human errors or technical failures occurred in French PWRs and the recovery process of events. Based on an event classification (6 categories) model according to the nature of the link between failure and recovery, the identified and recorded data are: • the causes of the defects (technical, human, organizational) and the context in which they appear; • the factors of the recovery performance (depending on technical and organizational aspects); • a chronological analysis, designed to collect delays between failures and their detection/recovery for each event. About 4500 events reported in French PWRs (1997–2006) have been reviewed through this model. Initially, the weight of factors and the most important factors, which influenced the detection and recovery delay, are defined. For this purpose, the regression Partial Least Square (PLS) is used. Then, to link RECUPERARE results with pre-accidentals data, conditional probabilities of events linked between them by a cause and effect relationship are calculated. For this, the Bayesian method with a Bayesian network is built with the PLS obtained results and applied. This constitutes a first approach to take into account the human and organizational factors in HRA highlighted by operating feedback.
3
Stanca, Ionela Petruta y Tudor Tarbujaru. "Modern Management: The Biggest Challenge of an Era Full of Changes". En 8th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2022.133.
Resumen
The 21st century was marked by countless changes and upheavals around the world that very much revealed a new age. This era of fast, sudden, and omnipresent change has serious implications for our future. In today’s fast-paced world, each organization needs new tools and methods to strengthen its effectiveness. Strong competition in the worldwide marketplace requires organizations to figure out ways to be competitive. Competitive advantage is achieved only by organizations that are ready for extreme changes and employ techniques and concepts of non-stop improvement. In order to obtain a competitive advantage, the context of continuous quick globalization, change, and development drives fresh ideas about the modes of activity and roles of organizations. One of the most crucial human activities is management. Since the beginning of time, when humans formed social organizations to achieve goals and objectives that they could not achieve as individuals, management played a vital role in ensuring that individual efforts were coordinated. What is now happening compels managers to employ more modern, contemporary techniques and manners of management to meet current issues. New management strategies, such as a process-oriented approach, are necessary. Modern management is the foundation for creating a successful, market-competitive organization. To answer these issues, the study will focus on analyzing management theories and particular elements that separate today’s management from previous eras. Therefore, managers in modern businesses must recognize the critical role they play in helping their organizations accomplish their objectives. For this goal to be achieved, it is vital to apply modern achievements and technology in organizational management. Our paper’s purpose is to demonstrate how management has grown up in an ever-changing organizational environment. To solve these challenges, researchers need to broaden and expand their attention to the process approach as a way of enhancing the organization’s management system and developing recommendations for maximizing crucial business processes. These events have had an impact on the organizational world, and it is up to management to refresh, modernize and rise to face the challenges.
4
Grandemange, Jean-Marie y Philippe Malouines. "RCC-M: Content, Working Approach and Future Evolutions". En ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-26030.
Resumen
The paper covers the general approach followed by AFCEN, the French Society for Design, Construction and In-Service Inspection Rules for Nuclear Island Components, in codes and standards establishing, from the technical and organizational points of views. The presentation highlights how the industrial experience was progressively integrated into the industrial codes, and how codes evolve taking into account the evolution of regulations and European and International standards. Processes for updates, interpretations and inquiries are addressed. Recent code evolutions resulting from the New French Nuclear Pressure Equipment Regulation issued in 2005, as well as from the project needs, are covered and the content of the addenda 2008, 2009 to the 2007 RCC-M edition are described. Future evolutions are also addressed.
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Malouines, Philippe y Jean-Marie Grandemange. "RCC-M: Content, Working Approach and Future Evolutions". En ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57069.
Resumen
The paper covers the general approach followed by AFCEN, the French Society for Design, Construction and In-Service Inspection Rules for Nuclear Island Components, in codes and standards establishing, from the technical and organizational points of views. The RCC-M code is the major reference code existing since the creation of AFCEN. The presentation highlights how the industrial experience was integrated into the industrial codes, and how codes evolve taking into account the evolution of regulations and European and International standards. Processes for updates, interpretations and inquiries are addressed. Recent code evolutions resulting from the New French Nuclear Pressure Equipment Regulation issued in 2005, as well as from the project needs, are covered and the content of the addenda 2008, 2009, 2010 to the 2007 RCC-M edition are described. Future evolutions are also addressed, giving the frame for the objective of a new RCC-M edition in 2012.
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Faidy, Claude. "RCC-M and RSE-M: A Set of Consistent Codes for PWR Design and Operation". En 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16375.
Resumen
Inside the French Association for Design, Construction and Surveillance Rules of Nuclear Power Plant Components (AFCEN), RCC-M is dedicated to Design, Material Selection, Fabrication and welding, Examination and RSE-M In-Sercice-Inspection, Surveillance, Monitoring, Maintenance and flaw evaluations. In a first part, this paper will shortly presents the Code contents and organization of each of them. In a second part, how they are consistent and flexible to be adapted to international requirements. And finally in a third part, a short comparison with ASME Corresponding Codes: BPV Section III and XI. The conclusion of the paper will present the major objectives and topics of development of these Codes for new international projects in connection with Code Harmonization by Regulators (MDEP), Standard Development Organization board (SDO) and Industry Association (CORDEL).
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Junqueira, Mariana Garcia y Gilberto Sarkis Yunes. "A iluminação artificial como elemento estruturador da paisagem urbana contemporânea". En Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Facultad de Arquitectura. Universidad de la República, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6216.
Resumen
O artigo aborda o papel da Iluminação Artificial no planejamento urbano, considerando que, entre as diversas leituras possíveis de cidade, esta pode ser incorporada em sua configuração e estruturação como elemento evidenciador do acervo de seus tempos. Entende-se que a apreensão dessa paisagem urbana depende da organização e identificação de seus acervos, adotando-se estratégia de concepção semelhante a de um projeto expográfico museológico. A responsabilidade funcional de permitir a visão noturna encobriu, por muito tempo, outras potencialidades da luz e, foi apenas no final do século XX que mudanças tomaram forma. Buscando requalificar espaços urbanos, diversas intervenções têm sido praticadas, entretanto, sem muitas considerações com relação ao impacto que provocam sobre o contexto urbano. Analisa-se e defende-se o Plano Diretor de Iluminação como instrumento de gestão que adota a base teórica da metodologia francesa, o L’Urbanisme Lumière, pois recomenda o uso das intervenções luminotécnicas considerando a contextualização espacial do projeto. The article discusses the role of artificial lighting in urban planning, considering that, among the various possible readings of the cities, this can be incorporated into your configuration and structure as disclosing element of the collection of their times. It is understood that the seizure of this urban landscape depends on the organization and identification of its collections, adopting design strategy similar to that of a museum expographic project. Functional responsibility to enable night vision shrouded, long, other light potential and it was only in the late twentieth century that changes took shape. Seeking requalify urban spaces, several interventions have been practiced, however, without much consideration about the impact they cause on the urban context. Analyzes and argues the Master Lighting Plan as a management tool that adopts the theoretical basis of French methodology, L'Urbanisme Lumière because it recommends using lighting design interventions considering the spatial context of the project.
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Baczkowski, Mylène, Vincent Robin y Bertrand Rose. "Using of the Concepts of Roles and Context in a Project Management/PLM Solution: The Real Case Study of LASCOM". En ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82784.
Resumen
The software tools for PLM and project management are often built around several classical concepts: Processes, Activities, Phases, Artefacts, Workflows, Resources and Relationships. This approach does not really consider the team concept and the particular dynamics of the project management. This leads to a paradox with PLM and project management software tools. They tend to reduce risk and improve performance by structuring, streamlining, automating and scheduling projects without considering projects are not well-structured and have their own dynamic. The negation of project management mode increases the risks of project failures, adds stress to team members and requires the addition of complex mechanisms of collaboration and delegation. PLM Software sometimes becomes a limitation for project management. Our partner, LASCOM, a French PLM software developer, decided to make evolve its solutions to provide customers more efficient PLM solutions. LASCOM initiated a reflection around new concepts for enrich its existing models and tools since few years. The company particularly has an interest on the practical use of the concepts of roles and contexts. This paper deals with the addition of these concepts in the models used by LASCOM. This addition is intended to partially solve the problems posed by the generalization of work by project in organizations.
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Lebarbe´, T., D. Hyvert, S. Marie, O. Gelineau, D. Bonne y Frantz De La Burgade. "Presentation of RCC-MRx Code 2010 for Sodium Reactors (SFR), Research Reactor (RR) and Fusion (ITER): General Overview and CEN-Workshop". En ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57614.
Resumen
A draft of the fifth edition of the RCC-MR code, named RCC-MRx 2010, has been issued in French and English versions on December 2010 by AFCEN (Association Franc¸aise pour les re`gles de Conception et de Construction des Mate´riels des Chaudie`res Electro-nucle´aires). This RCC-MRx Code is the result of the merger of the RCC-MX 2008 developed in the context of the research reactor Jules Horowitz Reactor project, in the RCC-MR 2007 which set up rules applicable to the design of components operating at high temperature and to the Vacuum Vessel of ITER. This is a non-public document established in order to prepare the fifth edition which will be published in French and English by AFCEN and will be named RCC-MRx 2012. By this next edition, AFCEN try to bring together all the relevant stakeholders in a CEN-Workshop (CEN-WS-MRx) in order to develop, on the RCC-MRx basis, the European code for the design and fabrication of mechanical equipments for ESNII innovative nuclear installations. This CEN Workshop (whose duration is 18 months, from January 2011) will allow the Workshop members to consider the RCC-MRx 2010 and to propose modifications to be included in the RCC-MRx 2012 edition to meet the needs of MYRRHA and ASTRID projects and to prepare the design and construction of ALFRED and ALLEGRO. This paper presents the code evolutions from the 2007 edition of the RCC-MR and describes the organization of the Workshop.
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Ciucan-Rusu, Liviu y Mihai Timus. "Innovation Alliances in The Context of Quadruple Helix Entrepreneurial Ecosystem". En International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/05.
Resumen
In nowadays economic environment the collaboration between actor of quadruple helix (academia, public authorities, businesses and support organizations) is crucial. First, because universities are sources of fresh ideas and competences which lead the innovation and second, businesses can offer the pragmatic approach of using these, while public polices struggle to ensure the sustainability of local economic development. We assume that needs of academia and businesses meets at some point. The challenge in this case is to identify these needs and put together the value which can bring each of the parts. Our study aims at identifying the needs of all stakeholders and promote collaboration between them in the context of University as an innovation hub. A survey was conducted during the first quarter of 2020 and data was collected from target group Centre Region of Romania. By the data collected we intend to ensure a better understanding of needs and develop roadmaps of building an entrepreneurial partnership. These actions will support the development process of the university as a local innovation hub. The main aims of the survey were followed: testing the topics of interest on which stakeholders can and intend to collaborate, what are the types of collaboration and if exist the understanding of advantages of collaboration between academia and local businesses and public institutions. The most popular topics of collaboration are: Business, ICT and Finance and Banking. The most popular types of collaborations are common projects for funding competitions followed by common research and development projects in mixed teams and common events, workshops and conferences.
Informes sobre el tema "French organizational context":
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Rice, J. M., M. Ross, H E Campbell, R. C. Paulen y M. B. McClenaghan. Net evolution of subglacial sediment transport in the Quebec-Labrador Sector of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332151.
Resumen
The interior of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) had a dynamic polythermal base. However, the subglacial thermal organization of the LIS and its evolution throughout glaciation are poorly constrained. Specifically, the net effect of ice divide migration on subglacial processes and the resulting landforms and sediments remains poorly understood. The results of a regional-scale till sampling program within the interior of the Quebec-Labrador sector of the LIS were used to explore dispersal patterns across a region known to have experienced ice divide migration. Indicator mineral and clast lithology analysis, coupled with multivariate analysis of the till matrix geochemistry, were used collectively, and evaluated within the context of the relative ice flow chronology and subglacial thermal evolution to augment our understanding of how ice divide migration impacts subglacial erosion and sedimentary processes. Indicator minerals (e.g., goethite and orthopyroxene) and clasts (e.g., iron formation clasts from the Labrador Trough) form glacial dispersal patterns that are consistent with the earliest northeast-trending ice-flow phase identified in the region. This early ice-flow phase produced and transported till across the entire study area (> 175 km). However, till matrix geochemistry shows a strong relationship with the local underlying bedrock, especially the major oxides. This relationship is relatively common in areas of thin till cover and resistant bedrock lithologies. The results also indicate that following the northeast ice-flow phase, erosion and till production became more localized, without considerable transport in a single sustained direction. These results are consistent with a transition to more sporadic warm-based conditions and ice divide migration, as ice sheet reconstructions indicate, and are supported by targeted 10Be data from erratics and bedrock surfaces. There are also spatial relationships between the dispersal of fresh or re-entrained debris and paleo-ice streams identified in the landform record, as evidenced by the dispersal of indicator minerals. The reworking of previously dispersed material during subsequent ice-flow phases resulted in complex dispersal patterns across the study area. These results provide important insights for ice sheet modelling and future mineral exploration programs in inner ice sheet regions of the LIS and demonstrate the importance of a thorough understanding of ice-flow history.