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Lodge, Anthony. "Colloquial Vocabulary and Politeness in French". Modern Language Review 94, n.º 2 (abril de 1999): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3737114.
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Hintze, Marie-Anne y Marie-Helene Correard. "Oxford French Cartoon-Strip Vocabulary Builder". Modern Language Review 97, n.º 3 (julio de 2002): 703. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3737527.
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Страмной, А. В. y Е. А. Глебова. "Vernacular and argot in the novels of Albert Simonen". Modern scientist, n.º 3 (8 de abril de 2024): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.58224/2541-8459-2024-3-147-152.
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французы в повседневном общении широко используют лексику часто сниженного регистра, арготического характера. Незнание такой лексики затрудняет чтение художественной литературы, понимание кинофильмов на французском языке, аудиозаписей, понимание живой французской речи. Это определяет необходимость знакомства с особенностями французской разговорной речи, в частности, с арго, что и предопределило актуальность данного исследования. Цель исследования: выявление арготической лексики в произведениях Альбера Симонена, малоизвестного в России автора серии криминальных романов, который внес значительный вклад в распространение арго и просторечия во французской литературе. Теоретическое и практическое значение работы состоит в том, что материалы статьи могут быть полезны для исследователей, интересующихся проблемами формирования и функционирования французской разговорной лексики и занимающихся вопросами истории и обогащения французской литературы. В заключение статьи автор предлагает глоссарий арготической лексики криминального характера (субъекты и инструментарий маргинальной и криминальной среды, антогонисты противоправных действий и т.д.), что дает возможности использования полученных данных как демонстрационного материала в курсе по культуре стран изучаемого языка, а также спецкурсов, посвященных истории французской литературы. the French make extensive use of the vocabulary of an often reduced register, of an argothic nature. Ignorance of such vocabulary makes it difficult to read fiction, understand French films, audio recordings, and understand French language. This determines the need to get acquainted with the features of the French spoken language, in particular with argo, which predetermined the relevance of this study. The purpose of the research is to identify the argothic vocabulary in the works of Albert Simonen, little known in Russia, author of a series of criminal novels, who has made a significant contribution to the dissemination of argo and vernacular in French literature. The theoretical and practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the materials of the article can be useful for researchers interested in the formation and functioning of French colloquial vocabulary and dealing with the history and enrichment of French literature. At the end of the article, the author offers a glossary of an argothic vocabulary of a criminal nature (subjects and tools of a marginal and criminal environment, anthogonists of illegal actions, etc.), making it possible to use the data as a demonstration material in a course on the culture of the target countries, as well as special courses on the history of French literature.
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Lindqvist, Christina. "Élaboration d’une liste de vocabulaire dans un contexte FLE". Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 49, n.º 4 (9 de enero de 2023): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2022.494.004.
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In this article, we discuss the elaboration and use of vocabulary lists aimed for learners of French as a for-eign language. These lists are commonly based on corpora, which, in the ideal case, are representative, relevant and large. As for the English language, this kind of corpora has been available for a long time (e.g. the COCA and the BNC). Vocabulary lists, which are often used in learning contexts, have been based on these corpora. The situation is, however, less favorable when it comes to the French language, with fewer corpora meeting the mentioned criteria, and, thus, fewer possibilities to create vocabulary lists that are useful for learners. In this contribution, we present work that has been done in order to create a vocabulary list, Riksprovsordlistan, containing about 4,000 words and used at all Swedish universities. The discussion focuses on methodological challenges such as choice of counting unit – lemma vs. word family –, the role of frequency, thematic vocabulary, as well as characteristics of written vs. spoken corpora.
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Ousselin, E. "Media French: A Vocabulary of Contemporary Usage". French Studies 63, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 2009): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knp022.
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LEGACY, JACQUELINE, JESSICA REIDER, CRISTINA CRIVELLO, OLIVIA KUZYK, MARGARET FRIEND, PASCAL ZESIGER y DIANE POULIN-DUBOIS. "Dogorchien? Translation equivalents in the receptive and expressive vocabularies of young French–English bilinguals". Journal of Child Language 44, n.º 4 (5 de julio de 2016): 881–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000916000295.
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AbstractIn order to address gaps in the literature surrounding the acquisition of translation equivalents (TEs) in young bilinguals, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, TEs were measured in the expressive vocabularies of thirty-four French–English bilinguals at 1;4, 1;10, and 2;6 using the MacArthur Bates CDI. Children's acquisition of TEs occurred gradually, with more balanced ratios of exposure and vocabulary associated with larger proportions of TEs at each wave. Experiment 2 compared a direct measure of TE comprehension with parent report of the same set of words. Results showed that parents may over-report children's TE comprehension, as our sample of two-year-old French–English bilinguals (n= 20) comprehended fewer TEs on a direct measure of receptive vocabulary than parents reported on the vocabulary checklist. The present study provides an original contribution to the literature on bilingual vocabulary development by employing both a longitudinal design and a direct measure of TE comprehension.
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Proskuryakova, Daria, Thierry Ponchon, Tatiana Retinskaya, Jerome Baghana y Olga Prokhorova. "The functions of slang in the work of Faïza Guène". XLinguae 15, n.º 4 (octubre de 2022): 148–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2022.15.04.14.
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This article analyzes the slang linguistic elements of Faïza Guène's entire fictional work. The writer inscribes her creations in the literary genre "beur" (literature of generations born of Algerian immigration) and urban (suburban) literature, two connected areas of modern French prose. It also studies the phenomenon of « contemporary French in cities » (a term introduced by argotologist J.-P. Goudaillier) as a variety of French argots. Indeed, the author's language is special in the sense that it is characterized by several marks of oral character at all levels. The wide use that she makes of different slang strata is motivated by the fact that, on the one hand, this vocabulary is part of her personal linguistic experience and that, on the other hand, these multiple processes make it possible to give her works the appearance most realistic and plausible that it is. Based on the analysis of a non-standard vocabulary (frequency of argot lexemes, means of their semantization, synonymic ranks, training procedures), the authors draw conclu-sions on the functions of slang in the novels of F. Guène. Although all the functions specific to French argots are present in his works, their hierarchy differs from one novel to another depending on the change of the subjects treated and the characteristics of the characters/narrators.
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Pedley, Alan y Adrian C. Ritchie. "Newspaper French: A Vocabulary of Administrative and Commercial Idiom". Modern Language Review 87, n.º 2 (abril de 1992): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3730711.
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Coveney, Aidan y Hilary Wise. "The Vocabulary of Modern French: Origins, Structure and Function". Modern Language Review 94, n.º 3 (julio de 1999): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3737036.
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ANTONOVA-VASILEVA, LUCHIA. "НЕОБХОДИМОСТ ОТ ПОДБОР И АДАПТАЦИЯ НА ТЕКСТОВЕТЕ ЗА ИЗУЧАВАНЕ НА БЪЛГАРСКА ЛИТЕРАТУРА В ЧУЖБИНА / THE NEED FOR SELECTION AND ADAPTATION OF TEXTS FOR PEOPLE STUDYING BULGARIAN LITERATURE ABROAD". Journal of Bulgarian Language 68, n.º 01 (31 de marzo de 2021): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47810/bl.68.21.01.03.
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The article addresses the need for adapted editions of works of Bulgarian literature for the purposes of teaching and studying Bulgarian language and literature abroad. Reference is made to similar French language editions published in France and Russia and examples from web sites with adapted editions. Examples of adapted French editions of works by V. Hugo are discussed as well. The author proposes an adaptation of an excerpt from Ivan Vazov’s novel Under the Yoke where parts of the text are abridged, individual emblematic parts are supplied with annotations and vocabulary and other redacted sections are presented along with the original.
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CARRUTHERS, J. "Review. The Vocabulary of Modern French. Wise, Hilary". French Studies 53, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 1999): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/53.2.244.
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Елисеева, Ю. В., О. В. Вендина, И. А. Скрипак y Е. В. Уханова. "Retrospective analysis of French borrowings in the vocabulary of the English language". Modern scientist, n.º 3 (8 de abril de 2024): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.58224/2541-8459-2024-3-171-177.
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данная статья посвящена исследованию проникновения в английский язык французской лексики, которое началось в среднеанглийский период развития национального языка. Актуальность темы обусловлена тем, что в последние годы существенно возрос интерес лингвистов к проблемам присутствия иноязычного элемента в английском языке. Однако исследования в этой области охватывают, в основном, древнеанглийский период, т.е. касаются, как правило, кельтских заимствований, что широко отражено в лингвистической литературе. Что же касается французских заимствований, представляющих собой значительный пласт в английском языке, то они недостаточно изучены. Цель данной статьи – проанализировать эволюцию английской лексики, заимствованной из французского языка с позиций диахронического и синхронического подхода. В процессе исследования были поставлены следующие задачи: 1) установить причины и пути проникновения французских заимствований в английский язык; 2) определить роль французских заимствований в пополнении словарного состава английского языка; 3) выявить лексико-семантические группы английской лексики французского происхождения; 4) определить словообразовательные элементы французского происхождения в современном английском языке. Практическая значимость статьи определяется возможностью использования теоретического и практического материала исследования в процессе изучения английской лексикологии, истории и стилистики английского языка. this article is devoted to the study of the penetration of French vocabulary into the English language beginning in the Middle English period of the development of the national language of Great Britain. The relevance of the topic is conditioned by the fact that in recent years linguists' interest in the problems of the presence of a foreign-language element in English has significantly increased. However, research in this area covers mainly the Old English period, i.e. it concerns, as a rule, Celtic borrowings, which is widely reflected in the linguistic literature. As for French borrowings, which represent a significant stratum in English, they have not been sufficiently studied. The aim of this article is to analyze the evolution of English vocabulary borrowed from French from the positions of diachronic and synchronic approach. In the process of the research the following tasks were set: 1) to establish the reasons and ways of penetration of French borrowings into English; 2) to determine the role of French borrowings in replenishing the vocabulary of the English language; 3) to identify lexico-semantic groups of English lexicon of French origin; 4) to determine word-forming elements of French origin in modern English. The practical significance of the article is determined by the possibility of using the theoretical and practical material of the research in the process of studying English lexicology, history and stylistics of English language.
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Sakharov, Iurii Aleksandrovich. "Peculiarities of the Borrowed Electric Vehicle Terms Adaptation in Modern French Language". Litera, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2022): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2022.9.38772.
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The object of the study is the borrowed terms in the modern French scientific and technical literature on electric vehicles. The subject of the study is the etymological, functional, morphological, phonetic and semantic characteristics of terms and their influence on the process of their francization. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of the assimilation process and the types of assimilation of the electric vehicle terms borrowed into the French language. Evaluation of the process may be important for understanding the formation of new French terms systems. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of the terms of the electric vehicles, the factors influencing the development of the terms system, the methods of assimilation. The study concludes that the process of assimilation of borrowed terms of electric vehicle in the French language proceeds under the influence of linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The classifications of borrowed vocabulary are compared to group borrowings according to the degree of assimilation. The borrowed terms with partial assimilation in French change their phonetic and graphic forms, participate in word formation with prefixes and suffixes, may lose their original meaning, and acquire a specific one. Fully assimilated terms are indistinguishable from the native vocabulary, whereas for non-assimilated borrowings, comments or synonyms are required. The study of the assimilation process can be continued by a more detailed study of certain types of assimilation (graphic, phonetic, semantic, etc.) of borrowed terms in the new terms systems in French using the created classifications.
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West, J. y Richard James Brunt. "The Influence of the French Language on the German Vocabulary (1649-1735)". Modern Language Review 80, n.º 1 (enero de 1985): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3729446.
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Vorobiova, L. V. y Ya V. Dehtiar. "PERIODIZATION OF FRENCH BORROWINGS IN THE BASIC ENGLISH VOCABULARY". INTELLIGENCE. PERSONALITY. CIVILIZATION, n.º 1 (26) (30 de junio de 2023): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4835-2023-26-1-22-26.
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Objective. The objective of the article is to analyze and compare French borrowings which came into the English language; to identify periodization, some of its stages and periods, to analyze and compare the French borrowings appropriate to each period in order to enable effective intercultural research process connected with historical aspect of philological and linguistic studies. Methods. The main scientific results are obtained using the method of theoretical generalization, which made it possible to determine and nature of French borrowings’ periodization; comparative – to compare historical phenomena, events and facts of the socio-cultural life of the studied countries; the problem-genetic method – to justify the provisions regarding the analysis of problems that may hinder effective intercultural research process connected with historical aspect of philological and linguistic studies. Results. The theoretical analysis of the nature of the French borrowings made it possible to identify the stages and periods of possible periodization that enables effective intercultural studies in the fields of linguistics, philology, terminology. Interpretation and analysis of the genesis of possible periods will lead to successful management of the educational process for philology and history students. Three periods are identified. The first period is characterized with the Norman French borrowings in such semantic groups as: administration, titles and ranks of nobility, jurisdiction, the сhurch and religion, military terms. The second period is characterized with the Parisian French borrowings in such semantic groups as: entertainment, fashion, cuisine. On probation, the third period can be characterized bilingually where the French borrowings can be traced in such semantic groups as: art, architecture, literature, science, medicine.
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Lutz, Angelika. "Norse Loans in Middle English and their Influence on Late Medieval London English". Anglia 135, n.º 2 (2 de junio de 2017): 317–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2017-0028.
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AbstractMost of the Norse legal and administrative terms attested in Old English were replaced by equivalents from the French superstrate soon after the Norman Conquest, whereas a remarkable number of more basic terms are known to have become part of the very basic vocabulary of modern Standard English. This paper focuses on Norse lexical loans that survived during and beyond the period of French rule and became part of this basic vocabulary. It explores (1) the regional and textual conditions for the survival of such loans and (2) their expansion into late medieval London English and into the emerging standard language. Based on selective textual evidence it is argued that they were not quite as basic originally, that they typically survived and developed in regional centres far away from the French-dominated court, and eventually infiltrated the area in and around late medieval London owing to its growing attraction as an economic and intellectual centre. Both the survival of Norse loans and their later usage expansion are shown to be in harmony with the principles of comparative contact linguistics.
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Поліщук, Г. В. "THE EARLY 20 CENTURY ENGLISH BORROWABILITY FROM THE ROMANCE LANGUAGES". Nova fìlologìâ, n.º 89 (18 de mayo de 2023): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26661/2414-1135-2023-89-29.
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The article focuses on a lexicographic investigation of foreign words with special focus on the borrowings from the Romance languages other than French in the English language in the early 20 century (E20). Language distribution of the research proved that the Romance languages donated significant vocabulary into English in E20. Historical background was studied for better understanding of the respective cultural standards of the analyzed languages and the effect of their lexical influence. The article proposes the qualitative and quantitative interpretation of Latin, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese words: in the language distribution 59,4% % of foreign words were borrowed from these languages. It was proved that words from different semantic domains differ in their borrowability: Latin as the important supplier of vocabulary into English throughout its history (medicine 17,8%, literature 14,2%, law terminology 14,2%, educational terms 7,1%, theology 3,5% etc.); Italian (food and drink 28,6%, art, painting literature terms 18,5%, musical vocabulary 14,8%); Spanish (cultural peculiarities 40%, food items 20%), Portuguese (dance names, clothes items). Differentiation into word classes of borrowed words (other than French) was given and it has been found out that nouns are more borrowable than other parts of speech in all described languages. Morphological characteristics of Italian noun-forming suffixes was given: 59% root nouns, nouns with the most common diminutive suffix -ino/ine/ini – 13,6%, popular diminutive suffix -etto/etta, often used with affectionate overtones – 9%, -ella – 9%, nouns with augmentatives -one/ona – 4,5%, etc. The author hopes that the presented classification of borrowed Italic vocabulary of E20 performed on the basis of lexicographic investigation is undoubtedly a promising field of research. The results of this study are of direct practical relevance.
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Gazerani, Farzin, Ahlem Ammar y Isabelle Montésinos-Gelet. "Vocabulary learning: The effect of instruction type and methodological choices in the context of French as a second language". Language in Focus 1, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2015): 30–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lifijsal-2015-0008.
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Abstract Research indicates that lexical gains through reading are limited (Nation, 2001). Based on the literature about form focused instruction (FFI) (instruction that draws learners’ attention to the formal properties of of the target language) in second language (L2) acquisition, Laufer (2005) states that it is necessary to combine reading with FFI targeting vocabulary. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of different FFI teaching approaches and methodological choices on vocabulary learning. Nine intermediate adult Iranian learners of French as an L2 participated in this experimental multiple-case study. The experimental intervention was spread over a period of two weeks and targeted 36 vocabulary items. It comprised three experimental conditions (integrated FFI, isolated FFI and repetition) and a control condition (incidental learning through reading). Results indicate significant benefits of FFI on receptive immediate posttests. The intervening effects of recency and receptive and productive tests administration order are also evaluated.
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Kurniawati, Novi. "Représentation des relations franco-maghrébines dans le roman Apocalypse bébé : apprendre la culture française-maghrébine à travers des textes littéraires". Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities 3 (2019): 00034. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.43307.
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0in">Learning a foreign language cannot
be separated from literature and culture. One of the definitions of literature
is a reflection of society; so through literature we can know the real image of
society as well as the culture. Moreover, by knowing the foreign cultures of
the countries from which we learn the language, we can not only read, but also
understand the problems that appear in the texts studied. Similarly, French
culture cannot be separated from Maghreb culture. The two cultures complement
each other, later becoming the content of various literary, French literary and
Francophone literary. The relationship between the two cultures is also part of
the content of Virginie Despentes' novel <i>Apocalypse
bébé</i>. Through this novel, we can see an image of the relationship between
France and the Maghreb people in their social life. Thus, as a learner of
French, we could know not only French culture through the textbooks published
by French publishers, but also recognize the French culture associated with
France both directly and indirectly. Therefore, the literary text entitled <i>Apocalypse bébé</i> can be an alternative
source of learning French, not only in terms of language attached to vocabulary
and grammar, but also to know French and Francophone culture so that students
know the relationship for understanding and analyzing literary works.</p>
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BAKER. "A FRENCH VOCABULARY AND CONVERSATION-GUIDE IN A FIFTEENTH-CENTURY LEGAL NOTEBOOK". Medium Ævum 58, n.º 1 (1989): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/43632513.
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Fette, Julie. "Acting the Dreyfus Affair: History and Theater in the French Classroom". PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 126, n.º 3 (mayo de 2011): 737–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2011.126.3.737.
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As a professor of French Studies, I had often wished to develop a course in which students could mount a play in French. Its pedagogical value seemed obvious: performing in a foreign language and managing a theatrical production could help students increase their knowledge of French society while improving pronunciation and vocabulary. However, my lack of expertise in the theory and practice of theater stymied me. I had also often longed to teach a course about the Dreyfus affair. The story of a French officer falsely convicted of selling military secrets to the Germans, which tore apart French society for a decade, it contains plenteous teachable issues about France: nationalism, anti-Semitism, the birth of intellectuals, treason and raison d'état, the rise of the modern press and public opinion, the separation of church and state, Third Republic politics, military justice, Franco-German rivalries, and even handwriting analysis. But I doubted that a French department would welcome a whole course just on the Dreyfus affair.
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Potreba, N. A. "PECULIARITIES OF FRENCH YOUTH’S ARGOT". INTELLIGENCE. PERSONALITY. CIVILIZATION, n.º 1 (22) (30 de junio de 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4835-2021-22-2-57-64.
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Objective. The objective of the article is to determine the status of the youth’s argot and its role in modern French, as well as to identify the most productive models of the formation of the youth’s argot, which makes the language of young people more expressive and emotional. Methods. The work uses a complex of general scientific and special research methods, namely linguistic observation and description, analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific literature, which make it possible to understand the features of the French youth’s argot and its meaningful characteristics. Results. Young people’s language functions within any language and exists at all times, it changes only the quantitative composition and scope of application under the influence of both linguistic and non-linguistic factors. There are argots in the vocabulary of every modern young Frenchman, since they greatly simplify the understanding of any phenomena and increase the speed of assimilation of new information material. In recent decades there has been a constant evolution of the argot, which manifests itself in the growing penetration of argots into all spheres of life, it ceases to be a closed language and become part of the vocabulary of a significant number of French people. Global informatization has a particular impact on the French language. Over the past decades, the Internet has evolved from a specialized computer network into an open source of mass communication. And here, its own electronic youth culture is being formed, which is reflected in the emergence of new grammatical, syntactic, punctuation, lexical and other norms. The reasons for the formation of the modern youth’s argot is the saving of time and efforts, which gives rise to a huge number of different abbreviations of words and phrases; belonging of young people to a particular social group and classifying information from outsiders, which leads to a large number of argot; the desire to avoid the use of obscene expressions, in an abbreviated form lose the element of vulgarity; a desire to express their emotions and provide expressions of expressiveness and emotionality. Youth’s argot is not just a desire to rebel against generally accepted norms or lack of literary baggage for codified communication. It is a completely linguistic creativity, which develops especially rapidly during the period of social upheavals, cultural shifts. The author examines the content characteristics of youth’s argot.
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Misnikevich, Tatiana Vladimirovna. "«…LITERALLY, TO RECREATE IN ANOTHER LANGUAGE»: CONCERNING THE SPECIFICS OF THE TRANSLATION STYLE OF FYODOR SOLOGUB". Russkaya literatura 4 (2021): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2021-4-123-129.
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The article considers the specifi c features of the translation style of the greatest symbolist poet Fyodor Sologub (1863–1927), who was one of the best translators of the French Modernists, primarily Paul Verlaine, into Russian. The analysis of various versions of the translation of Verlaine’s poem «Bruxelles. Simples Fresques. I» demonstrates how Sologub was searching for the best way to render the rhythm, phonics, vocabulary, fi gurative structure of the original, achieving «accuracy» in the rendition of a particular level of the text, yet sometimes failing to preserve its main semantic dominant.
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Sowa, Magdalena. "Le lexique transdisciplinaire des écrits scientifiques dans les mémoires de diplôme des étudiants polonophones de français". Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 49, n.º 2 (22 de junio de 2022): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2022.492.005.
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The issue that we aim to investigate in this paper is related to the design of lexical resources which Polish university students use in the process of writing an academic text in French. In the course of the research, we concentrate on the transdisciplinary lexis composed of, on the one hand, cross-disciplinary terminology typical of scientific writings, and, on the other hand, of abstract, non-specialised vocabulary. In this regard, special focus is given to transdisciplinary collocations referring to scientific objects and procedures. The research is conducted on a corpus consisting of BA and MA theses written by Polish university students of French in Romance philology and applied linguistics faculties.The work progressed as follows. Firstly, the types of transdisciplinary collocations present in students’ theses were identified. They were then juxtaposed with the lexical resources gathered in the corpus of scientific texts in French (Corpus Écrits scientifiques en français). Finally, the manner in which students used the investigated collocations was analysed so as to identify the possible difficulties faced by non-native students of French. The objectives of this research are linguistic and didactic at the same time. Specifically, it aims to inventorystudents’ lexical resources, their scope and, as a result, to consider pedagogical solutions intended to enrich transdisciplinary vocabulary used in the process of writing scientific texts in university context. The analysis performed shows a weak presence of collocations containing scientific names. The students’ repertoire of lexical resources is relatively poor and not very varied. It is necessary to undertake more indepth work on the linguistic correction of the items mobilized.
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Variano, Angelo. "Observations lexicales sur les champs sémantiques SOCIALISME et COMMUNISME dans une œuvre philosophique et contre-révolutionnaire de « science absolue » du XIXe siècle". Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 136, n.º 2 (4 de junio de 2020): 587–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2020-0029.
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Abstract This article focuses on certain semantic aspects within the vocabulary of French politics : in detail, how the meaning of words used in a political context changes through the ideas and theories of a particular social group. It aims more specifically at highlighting the relationship between ideology and word meaning in the philosophical text Principes de science absolue (1875).
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Осипова, О. В. "ANALYTICAL ADJECTIVES AS A RESULT OF CONVERSION IN FRENCH". Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: Филология, n.º 2(77) (5 de junio de 2023): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtfilol/2023.2.069.
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Конверсия занимает особое место в теории способов словопроизводства. Образование путем конверсии лексем знаменательных частей речи, формирующих основу словарного состава языка, гораздо более продуктивно в языках аналитического типа, каковым является французский язык, поскольку аналитизм проявляется в морфологической неизменяемости слова, в результате чего у лексем отсутствуют явные морфологические показатели. В статье уделяется внимание образованию аналитических прилагательных, производных от существительных. Conversion occupies a special place in the theory of word formation. The formation by means of conversion of lexemes of significant parts of speech, which form the basis of the vocabulary of the language, is much more productive in analytic languages, such as French, because analyticism is manifested in the morphological immutability of the word, resulting in the lack of explicit morphological indicators for the lexemes. The article focuses on the formation of analytic adjectives derived from nouns.
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CRAWSHAW, R. H. "Review. Newspaper French: A Vocabulary of Administrative and Cultural Idiom. Ritchie, Adrian C." French Studies 48, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1994): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/48.1.118-a.
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Ilin, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. "History and modification of modern cinematic vocabulary". Litera, n.º 8 (agosto de 2023): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2023.8.43454.
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This article is devoted to the diachronic modification of the cinematic vocabulary of the modern German language. The relevance of this study is determined by the insufficient study of the formation and development of German film lexicon in the XXI century, which contributes to new research on this issue in modern linguistics; as well as the need to study the process of formation and evolution of the German language film lexicon to identify linguistic and cultural features of this area of vocabulary.The purpose of the study is to determine the semantic features of the lexical units of the German language, representing the cinematic vocabulary in the framework of the historical development of the language. To achieve this research goal, the following tasks were set and solved: 1) the modern scientific linguistic literature has been studied and analyzed in order to form a theoretical basis for this research problem; 2) the semantic field of cinematography has been considered and the analysis of individual lexical units of German cinematography has been carried out and the modification of lexemes in the context of the historical development of the language in relation to modern trends has been described; 3) the nature of borrowing in the German language of film terms from other languages and the analysis of their structure is made. The article discusses the interpretation and definition of the semantic content of the German language film lexicon. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the grammatical and lexical modification of the German language film terminology based on the diachronic aspect is described for the first time in Russian linguistics, as well as the synchronic correlation of film vocabulary with modern trends is traced. As a result, it was revealed that the semantic group denoting the professions of performing skills in modern German is represented by the word composition of nouns, as a rule, one of which is a verbal noun. The German film language tends to use borrowed synonyms for the original word in communication, the vast majority of these borrowings came from Latin, French and English.
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Toledano Buendia, Carmen. "Robinson Crusoe Naufraga en Tierras Españolas". Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 47, n.º 1 (31 de diciembre de 2001): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.47.1.05tol.
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The incorporation of English novels into the Spanish literary system during the 18th century is characterized, in general terms, by their late appearance, especially if a comparison is drawn with other European countries, and by French mediation. One of the most illustrative examples is the assimilation process followed by Robinson Crusoe. This work, written by Daniel Defoe in 1719, appears for the first time in Spain in 1826 — more than 100 years after it was originally written — in an abridged version for children. This paper aims to explore some of the many factors that may play a part in the late appearance of this novel and its reception as a juvenile or children’s book. Apart from the sociopolitical circumstances that turned Spain into a country which was very suspicious of foreign influence, an important factor to take into account is the influence of the French mediation. The introductory role played by mediator systems involves a filtered way of access through which the mediating culture reveals its own points of view and aesthetic criteria. Most of the 19th-century Spanish translations of Robinson Crusoe are secondhand translations from French and inherit the didactic and moralizing interpretation that the French makes of Robinson Crusoe. But the reading of Defoe’s work as juvenile or children’s literature is not only the result of the mediator system; it is also a consequence of the literary tradition to which the text is attached. When this work was imported there was an established tradition of Robinsonades that influenced its reading and interpretation and had created a particular set of expectations in the reader. This study also tries to analyze the different strategies used by Spanish translators in order to adapt Defoe’s novel to the poetic and ideological expectations of its potential readers and to the new function assigned to the text in the new cultural context.
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Zinchenko, V. M. y Yu К. Kovshyk. "BORROWING AS A SOURCE OF LANGUAGE LEXICAL SYSTEM UPDATE (AS EXAMPLIFIED IN POETRY COLLECTION OF «THREE HUNDRED POEMS. SELECTED VERSES» BY LINA KOSTENKO)". INTELLIGENCE. PERSONALITY. CIVILIZATION, n.º 2 (19) (30 de diciembre de 2019): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4835-2019-19-2-55-60.
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Objective of the research is to find out structural-semantic and functionally stylistic features of the borrowed vocabulary in poetry by Lina Kostenko. Methods. Theoretical — analysis and synthesis of literature of the researched issue; practical — to obtain factual materials and based on them make conclusions regarding structural-semantic and functionally stylistic features of the borrowed vocabulary in oeuvre by Lina Kostenko. Results. Language (and therefore speech) is both stylistics, orthoepia, and compliance grammatical norms, etc., but above all it is vocabulary. And the vocabulary of the speaker is characterized first of all by its purity, synonymous and phraseological richness, normativity of pronunciation and, finally, correlation of native (Ukrainian) foreign words. Vocabulary of the modern Ukrainian language was formed in the process of its extended historical development and is a product of many epochs. Its shaping and development is closely connected with the history of Ukrainian people. Based on the factual material selected, we can conclude that Lina Kostenko most often uses words that are borrowed from Western European languages 48 % from 100 % (German, French, English, Italian); for the most part, it uses them without changing the value, but uses it as a comparison. Non-Slavic borrowings (from Latin, Ancient Greek, Turkic) make up 44 % of the studied words, the meaning of which the poet sometimes changes; uses for comparison. The borrowing from the Slavic languages (Old Slavic, Polonism, Russian) used by L. Kostenko is only 8 %. The author uses them without changing the values. The poet uses the borrowed elements of other languages with stylistic instruction with the purpose of creating the non-national diversity in the basis of Ukrainian language. Lina Kostenko also makes extensive use of terminology. After all, the potentialities of the corresponding lexical category create an artistic image, being part of a certain tropical figure, comparing and enriching the artistic color, expressive elevation of the artistic environment. Usage of vocabulary of foreign origin without its abuse and distortions, the way Lina Kostenko does, is one of the ways to enrich the vocabulary of language.
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Solovieva, Maria V., Ekaterina Ya Nikitina y Evgeniia O. Timofeeva. "Revisiting polysemy/eurysemy/syncretism of Old French vocabulary: Specifics of the functioning of the adjective corteis". Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature 18, n.º 3 (2021): 621–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2021.312.
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The article addresses the problematics of the use of the qualitative adjective corteis in the Old French epic poems of the 12–13th centuries included in “Le petit cycle de Guillaume d’Orange”. This adjective characterizes its object as belonging to the royal court and implies a whole series of notions important for medieval consciousness. On the basis of this adjective, an abstract noun courtoisie is formed in the middle of the 12th century, which stands among the most important concepts of medieval culture. Its peculiarity is that in texts it can syncretically implement several meanings, becoming almost eurysemantic. Despite the fact that the issue of polysemy/eurysemy/syncretism has been covered in detail on the example of modern languages, the lack of research in terms of historical perspective determines the relevance of this study. Besides, the adjective corteis has not yet been examined by scholars from this angle. The authors of this article discovered that depending on animate/inanimate nature of the object, gender and social status of character, corteis syncretically implemented several meanings: “corresponding to court etiquette”, “glorious”; “brave”, “generous”, “polite”, “wise”; “noble”, “well-bred”, “beautiful”. In other words, corteis was syncretic both out of context and in texts. The methods of contextual and etymological analysis as well as elements of concept analysis as in works by Iu. Stepanov and V.Kolesov were used in the study.
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Schlamberger Brezar, Mojca. "Military vocabulary in the translation of J. Littell’s novel Les Bienveillantes (The Kindly Ones) into slovene: between tradition and innovation". Linguistica 58, n.º 1 (14 de marzo de 2019): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.58.1.103-118.
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Military vocabulary and the vocabulary of war are part of specialized as well as general lexicon. Such language was present in Slovene even before the creation of the Slovene army in 1991. In this context the systematic development of military terminology was left to enthusiastic individuals. Due to the lack of terminological reference works, the creation of military vocabulary was in the hands of people who experienced military service and war, as well as writers and translators. But can literature present a reliable source for terminological research? We also try to answer this question.Our research is focused on the lexis concerning war, the denomination of military functions and ideologies in the context of the Second World War as they appear in the French original and Slovene translation of Bienveillantes (The Kindly Ones) by J. Littell (2006, 2010). Its war lexis is compared to that of some Slovene original works and translations concerning the Second World War. In addition, the monolingual corpus Gigafida is taken into account and the question of the (in)stability of prescriptive norms of Slovene is discussed.
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Проскурякова, Д. Ю. "Argot as a Form of Protest in the Novels of Rashid Jaidani “Boumkœur” and “Viscéral”". Иностранные языки в высшей школе, n.º 2(53) (17 de septiembre de 2020): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37724/rsu.2020.53.2.012.
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В статье анализируются неконвенциональные языковые элементы в романах Рашида Джаидани “Boumcœur” и “Viscéral”. Писатель работает в направлении littérature beur и littérature urbaine («арабская литература» и «урбанистическая литература») — двух связанных между собой направлениях современной французской прозы. Анализ нестандартного вокабуляра проводится на основании алгоритма Э. М. Береговской с указанием частотности использования лексем и способов их семантизации. На основании этого анализа автор приходит к выводу, что нестандартный вокабуляр состоит из различных социолектов, арго, верлана, заимствований, которые в конечном итоге являются составными частями современного французского языка пригородов. В рассматриваемых в статье произведений Рашида Джаидани нестандартный вокабуляр представляет собой продукт жизненного опыта арготирующих персонажей и употребляется с разными целями — криптолалической, идентифицирующей, людической, поэтической. Автор выводит также формулу использования арго в творчестве Р. Джаидани — арго как форма протеста. The article analyzes unconventional linguistic elements in the novels of Rashid Jaidani “Boumcœur” and “Viscéral”. The writer works in the sphere of “littérature beur” and “littérature urbaine” (“Arabic literature” and “urban literature”) — two interrelated areas of contemporary French prose. Analysis of non-standard vocabulary is based on the algorithm of E. M. Beregovskaya indicating the frequency of use of lexemes and methods for their semantization. Based on this analysis, the author concludes that this vocabulary layer consists of various sociolects, argot, verlan, borrowings, which ultimately are integral parts of the contemporary French language of the suburbs. In the novels under discussion, the use of non-standard vocabulary is a product of the characters’ life experience and is used for various purposes — cryptolalic, identifying, ludic, poetic. Also, the author derives the following formula for using argot in the work of R. Jaidani: argot as a form of protest.
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Ceulemans, Adelheid. "'Het apenspel'. De Franse paradox in de Vlaams-Belgische literatuur uit de vroege negentiende eeuw". WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 73, n.º 3 (29 de septiembre de 2014): 226–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v73i3.12143.
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In 1842 verscheen Poëtische luimen, de vierde poëziebundel van de Antwerpse dichter Theodoor Van Ryswyck (1811-1849). De bundel bevat een veertigtal dichtstukken van uiteenlopende aard (komisch, poëticaal-literair, politiek of sociaal geëngageerd), waaronder ‘Het apenspel’. In dit gedicht klaagt Van Ryswyck het kopieergedrag aan van de Belgen ten aanzien van de Franse cultuur en gewoonten; de Belgen apen de Fransen op velerlei gebied na. Om dit probleem aan de kaak stellen, maakt Van Ryswyck gebruik van Franse woorden en van een Frans motto. ‘Het apenspel’ is zowel inhoudelijk als formeel exemplarisch voor de paradoxale omgang met de Franse taal en cultuur bij Vlaamsgezinden in de jonge Belgische natiestaat: de Belgen kopiëren gedrag, zeden, gewoonten en literatuur van een natie die ze zelf verachten.Dit artikel onderzoekt de dubieuze relatie met de Franse taal en cultuur aan de hand van het poëtische oeuvre van Theodoor Van Ryswyck. De functie van de Franse taal en literatuur in Van Ryswycks poëzie wordt bestudeerd; zowel woordenschat, motto’s als melodieaanduidingen komen daarbij aan bod. Er worden verschillende dichtbundels van Van Ryswyck aangehaald om zo een representatief beeld te schetsen van de aanwezigheid van de Franse taal en letterkunde in Van Ryswycks oeuvre. Deze tekstuele functieanalyse zal leiden tot een interpretatie van de paradoxale relatie met de Franse taal en cultuur in de vroegnegentiende-eeuwse, Vlaams-Belgische letterkunde.________‘The Ape Game’: The French paradox in the Flemish-Belgian literature of the early nineteenth century 1842 saw the publication of Poëtische luimen (Poetical whims), the fourth collection of poems by the Antwerp poet Theodoor Van Ryswyck (1811-1849). The volume consists of around forty poems of varying genres (comical, poetical-literary, politically or socially committed) including ‘Het Apenspel’ (the ‘Ape Game’). In this poem Van Ryswyck denounces the copycat behaviour of the Belgians with respect to French culture and customs; the Belgians imitate the French in many areas. In order to denounce this problem, Van Ryswyck uses French words and a French motto. ‘The Ape Game” exemplifies in form and content the paradoxical way in which the French language and culture is dealt with by the supporters of the Flemish Movement in the young Belgian nation state: the Belgians copy behaviour, morals, customs and literature of a nation, which they despise themselves.This article researches the dubious relationship with the French language and culture based on the poetical work of Theodoor Van Ryswyck. It studies the function of the French language and literature in Van Ryswyck’s poetry by reviewing his use of vocabulary, mottos and indications of tunes. Various collections of poems by Van Ryswyck are quoted in order to present a representative picture of the presence of French language and literature in the literary work of Van Ryswick. This textual functional analysis is the basis for an interpretation of the paradoxical relation with the French language and culture in the early nineteenth century Flemish Belgian literature.
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Laputková, Adriana. "Attribute and reliability hedging devices in English, Czech and Slovak research articles". Brno studies in English, n.º 2 (2023): 57–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/bse2023-2-3.
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This paper is a cross-cultural investigation into attribute and reliability hedges in research papers on applied linguistics published in journals in English, Czech and Slovak. Overall, 30 research articles have been examined using discourse and corpus analysis. Although Čmejrková et al. (1999) assert that modality and a low degree of decisiveness are more typical for Czech scientific publications than for English, the findings demonstrate that hedges are employed considerably more frequently and are more varied in the selected articles written in English than in Czech and Slovak. This could be connected with the writer's choice of vocabulary or with limited literature focusing on academic vocabulary in the Slavic languages. The wider variety of hedging expressions in the articles written in English could be the consequence of the historical impact of Latin and French on the language, which provided synonyms to the already existing Anglo-Saxon expressions.
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Santos Díaz, Inmaculada Clotilde, Ester Trigo Ibáñez y Manuel Francisco Romero Oliva. "Contribución de la prensa a la adquisición del vocabulario". Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 48, n.º 2 (13 de julio de 2021): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2021.482.009.
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The press brings the reader closer not only to the news of a community but also to its language and culture. The objective of this study is to know the relationship between press consumption and lexical competence. Specifically, the weekly time spent by 171 graduate students from Malaga reading the press and its relationship with two lexical tests in Spanish – mother tongue – and French or English – foreign language – will be analysed. The results show that there is no significant relationship between available vocabulary and press consumption. Instead, the relationship is significant with the ability to identify technicalities when the data refer to the foreign language of the informants. These findings invite us to continue promoting didactic applications that integrate press reading both to improve lexical competence and to integrate the sociopragmatic component of the language.
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Roig-Marín, Amanda. "Old English-Origin Words in a Set Of Medieval Latin Accounts". Journal of English Studies 20 (22 de diciembre de 2022): 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.5521.
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For a long time, texts in Medieval Latin were poorly regarded for their linguistic hybridity: alongside Classical/post-Classical Latin lexemes, there were many words coming from the vernaculars (in the case of late medieval England, Anglo-French and Middle English) embedded in them. This traditional and restrictive view was superseded by a more nuanced conception of multilingualism, which appreciates the value of this kind of written evidence for our understanding of the multilingual dynamics of medieval texts. The present investigation uses a case study, the Account Rolls of the Abbey of Durham [1278-1538] (Fowler 1898-1901; henceforth, Durham Account Rolls), one of the largest edited and published collections of accounts in Medieval Latin, to discuss broader issues such as how to classify the vernacular lexical items present in medieval multilingual texts (are they borrowings, code-switches, or something else?) and to what extent this vocabulary can be deemed to be integrated/unintegrated into Medieval Latin. Since there are multiple underlying languages in the vernacular vocabulary of the Durham Account Rolls, this article will concentrate on the Old English-origin lexis in these accounts and its relation to Latin and French. An overview of 263 simplex (one-element) Old English-origin forms in the Durham Account Rolls proved to be a source of both basic-level terms and more specialised terminology. Finally, some examples from the most representative semantic domains (equipment, farming, animals, and materials) will be given.
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Anichshenko, Olga A. y Sholpan K. Zharkynbekova. "Sociolinguistic portrait of pupils institutes of noble maidens in Russia in the 19th century (based on memoir literature)". Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, n.º 2 (marzo de 2022): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.2-22.072.
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The article is devoted to the history of the formation of the Russian youth social dialect. Despite a large number of research on youth slang speech, there are issues related to the history, the nature of the youth social dialect, its functions, sociolinguistic portraits of its bearers remain unsolved. Among the representatives of the existing social types of the XIX century — pupils of closed educational institutions, active carriers and creators of schoolish language (seminarians, cadets, gymnasium students, students, schoolgirls, lyceum students). The author of the article has given a sociolinguistic portrait of the pupils of the institutes of noble maidens, the sociocultural conditions for the formation of institutional jargon are shown and characteristic features are described: emotionality, naivete, the interweaving of enthusiastic vocabulary with disapproval, the spread of diminutive forms, the influence of the French language, a wealth of word-formation opportunities. The closed nature of the institutions, the atmosphere reigning in them, the moral spirit, the forms of leisure — all this left an imprint on the peculiarities of the speech communication of the pupils, the composition of the existing vocabulary. The results of the study are illustrated by rich linguistic material, among sources of which an important place is occupied by rare memoir sources, recollections of pupils of the institutes of noble maidens. Artistic memoirs fix popular words and expressions from the past in certain schools, and also provide objectivity and scientific weight of conclusions about the composition and functioning of jargons of various student corporations of pre-revolutionary Russia. The language of the pupils of the Institute of Noble Maidens gives an idea of their subculture, reveals the secrets of word-creation of the female community.
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Ageeva, A. y A. Patrikeeva. "Pragmatics of coloronyms in art spaces (based on the French and English languages)". Philology and Culture, n.º 2 (17 de septiembre de 2023): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2782-4756-2023-72-2-7-12.
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This article considers formation and evolution vectors of lexical units belonging to the semantic field “Color” in English and French. The purpose of this study is to describe the functional status and pragmasemantic parameters of the color vocabulary in the French and Russian-speaking art space. The relevance of the presented work is due to the intensive transformation of the extralinguistic space today. We gain deeper knowledge of it and more complicated structure of this knowledge, which leads to the evolution of the language systems themselves whose vocabulary shows the most sensitive reactions and, consequently, the highest dynamics. The work is based on English and French dictionaries, as well as on the texts of special literature, articles, reviews and comments from users of specialized art sites and forums. The article clarifies the concept of a coloronym and provides the basic principles of color space standardization and related nominations. We establish the most significant functional trends that determine the emergence of new coloronyms. The article describes in detail the mechanisms of nomination in the diachronic aspect. Based on a detailed structural and historical analysis of lexical units, we draw conclusions about the productivity of certain types of human activities, which serve as a source of a significant number of coloronyms: traditionally it is the sphere of fashion, art, as well as craft, industry, medicine and travel. The study also reveals the growing role of extralinguistic factors in the current processes of color naming, highlighting the policy of world-famous organizations as a specific factor in the creation of new units.
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Bubnova, A. S. "French Philological Detective as a New Subgenre of Criminal Literature (by the Example of F. Vargas Novels)". Nauchnyi dialog, n.º 3 (30 de marzo de 2020): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-3-207-220.
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The novelty of this study is in the fact that for the first time the characteristic features of the new detective subgenre, the philological detective, are described. The material for the study was the cycle of novels by the French author F. Vargas. The main reasons for the emergence of a philological detective story as a subgenre are revealed. They include a paradoxical combination of canonicity and variability, the ability to adapt to the reader’s expectations, the desire for originality and time features. It is proved that, unlike other detective subgenres, genre-forming components in the philological detective affect and change not the content, but the form, namely, the language material. The French philological detective by F. Vargas is compared with his chronological predecessor, the ironic detective by F. Dar. The idea is expressed that in ironic detectives the linguistic component does not affect the development of the plot and is secondary to it, while in the philological detective story the linguistic component is embedded in the plot and comes to the fore. A brief explanation of the characteristic features of the new subgenre is given: bilingualism, word-creation, author’s neologisms, barbarism, a rich vocabulary of heroes. The opinion is expressed that the above traits are enough to distinguish philological detectives into a separate category.
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Poizat-Xie, Honghua. "Quelques réflexions sur la traduction littéraire du chinois vers les langues européennes". Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques 69, n.º 1 (30 de enero de 2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asia-2015-0007.
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AbstractThe present paper is the result of a workshop on the translation of Chinese literature that was held between March 2012 and May 2013 at the Confucius Institute at the University of Geneva. It aimed to identify major obstacles in rendering literary Chinese into English, French, Italian, German, and Russian, and to explore the differences and similarities of the problems encountered. Nine works of Chinese literature were selected for studying and examining a number of difficulties in translation: Terms with culturally specific connotations, transposition of certain grammatical structures, treatment of idioms and metaphors, translation of titles. We have found a great similarity of approaches chosen for the various target languages, Russian being an exception. Due to cultural and political influences, this language displays certain similarities to Chinese, especially in vocabulary; but there are additional aspects in which the Russian case differs from the other four languages.
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Honová, Zuzana y Jan Holeš. "TERM IN NON-SPECIALISED CONTEXT. CASE OF DETERMINOLOGISATION OF PSYCHIATRIC TERMINOLOGY". Folia linguistica et litteraria XIII, n.º 45 (septiembre de 2023): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31902/fll.45.2023.4.
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The concept of “term” as a strictly monosemic, isolated unit incompatible with synonymy and polysemy is not based on reality. Term variation can be of diatopic, diachronic, or diastratic nature. In addition, there is a close relationship between specialised vocabulary and general vocabulary, as term can migrate from specialised language towards general language (and vice versa). The phenomenon is called determinologisation (other authors call it despecialisation, vulgarisation, dedomanialisation, banalisation, or lexical trivialisation). The article deals with determinologisation of psychiatric terminology. The number of terms penetrating nonspecialised language is growing, but determinologisation remains a phenomenon that only concerns certain categories of terms and, in particular, certain topics (such as environment, medicine, information technology, and space industry). The objective of the paper is to analyse the specificities of use of psychiatric terms in non-specialised texts, particularly in journalistic texts, by investigating the question of degree of specialisation of term for its use in determinologised context. To identify the basic psychiatric terms submitted for analysis, authors used the 5th chapter of the International Classification of Diseases, containing mental and behavioural disorders. The phenomenon of determinologisation has been analysed in LeMonde.fr, online version of the French daily newspaper, using Sketch Engine software tool. The authors identified a number of terms commonly used in non-specialised context (newspaper articles of various sections – news, culture, economics, sports). Usually (with certain exceptions), these were one-word terms, all of them being nouns and adjectives.
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Halyan, Oksana. "Formation and functioning of initial abbreviations in physical terminology (on the french language material)". PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS, n.º 37 (2020): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2020.37.01.
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In the French language, the number of new terminology units has increased significantly, enriching the vocabulary and increasing the intensity of information exchange between communicators in the scope subsystems. In linguistics, the principle of linguistic economy is used to order the flow of information conveyed with the minimum number of linguistic characters. A large number of abbreviated word forms, which is a feature of modern language systems, is appearing. In terminology, the largest number of shortened form of a word is in initial abbreviations. Physical Terminology (PhT) uses the abbreviation for unitary, complex words, and combinations of terms. Structurally heterogeneous lexems are usually denoted by two linguistic characters that represent prefixes or root morphemes. The largest number of initial abbreviations are in two- and three-component terms. An important characteristic of all initial abbreviations is that they do not reveal the semantics of physical terms and that there are no "recognizable" segments from the original lexical units. The internal structure in newly formed physical shortened words appears when an initial abbreviation is combined with another way of forming term elements. The process of combining a truncation with an initial abbreviation is considered, as a result of which structurally complex word forms are formed. The classification of initial abbreviations is carried out according to a formal attribute - the number of characters that correspond to the number of components of the correlative combination. In the aspect of functioning, the abbreviation in physical texts is divided into generally accepted (standard), which for many decades has been used in special literature and occasional (introduced by the author, often used within the publication). An analysis of abbreviations of the physical terms indicates that the initial abbreviation appears at the phonetic, graphic and grammatical levels.
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Lafasov, Urak Pazilovich. "Genius of Uzbek Art". European Journal of Learning on History and Social Sciences 1, n.º 2 (31 de mayo de 2023): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.61796/ejlhss.v1i2.176.
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This article ("The Genius of Uzbek Art") provides information about the rich literary heritage of nations on Earth, the novel, which is considered a subgenre in literature, and six national schools of novel writing (English, French, German, Indian, Arabic, Russian, and Uzbek). It was also said that until the 20th century, the fields of language and literature were studied separately in scientific researches in the world, and this situation caused serious damage to the art of text. In order to eliminate this defect in science, the field of linguopoetics was formed, and linguopoetics studies the issue of creating an aesthetic effect of stylistically colored linguistic units in the artistic text. It is also explained that the main goal of the field of linguopoetics is to describe the artistic expression and aesthetic effect of stylistically colored lexical units in the text, and it is explained that linguopoetics works with artistic texts that are considered national spiritual wealth.
In order to achieve this status, the artist must be able to feel the spirit of his nation, to be well aware of the folk art, to have a deep knowledge of the vocabulary of his mother tongue, to be able to understand and use the means of artistic representation at a high level, and only then the scope of expression of the national language and the level of incomparable image is emphasized. As a basis, the sound doubling, sound exchange, morphological forms, vocabulary units (synonyms, antonyms, pure Uzbek words, dialectal words, phraseology) used in the novel "Mehrobdan Chayan" by the great Uzbek writer Abdulla Qadiri, artistic arts (irony, simile, exaggeration, saj), lygvopoetic tools such as proverbs, portraits, replica-repetition were analyzed.
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Mevis, Alice. "Not So Foreign". Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 82, n.º 1 (17 de enero de 2022): 71–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756719-12340242.
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Abstract The Norman Conquest and its tremendous linguistic impact on the English language is widely acknowledged among scholars and triggered a substantial body of literature. The great influx of French loanwords into the lexis of Middle English not only led to a profound restructuring of the lexicon, but also deeply affected the English morphology and patterns of derivation (Kastovsky 1994), as well as the English syntax to some extent (Smith 2012; Haeberli 2010). However, few studies have focused on a detailed analysis of these loans. Most researchers chose to focus on the quantitative aspects of the period of extensive lexical borrowing in Middle English, without dedicating much attention to the way and the extent to which French loanwords actually integrated and interacted with native vocabulary. This study thus sought to examine some excerpts of Middle English texts in more detail with the aim of getting closer to understanding whether these borrowings were already fully integrated in Middle English by the time these texts were written, whether this integration was determined by internal or external factors, and whether the process itself was abrupt or rather continuous.
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Zatonskaya, Olga V. "SAMUEL BECKETT’S GERMAN INCLINATION". RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. "Literary Theory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies" Series, n.º 3 (2021): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2021-3-65-73.
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The article’s topic is formation of the artistic world of S. Beckett. Along with such factors of the “education” of the Irish writer as the world of the ideas and novels of D. Joyce, as a close acquaintance with traditions of the French drama and poetics of the “absurd” that he himself formed, the influence of the German culture and literature was an important aspect of his becoming a writer. German literature inspired Beckett by phenomena of the everyday culture, language, and the works and philosophical ideas of such thinkers as Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Hölderlin. From them S. Beckett perceived and artistically reflected in his work an idea of a tragic solitude of an artist, his being misunderstood in love, an ironic distance in regard to the very idea of tragedy and the idea of a “superman” as the final stage in the formation of a “true” person. In the German language, Beckett often borrowed both the colloquial racy vocabulary and the structural organization of his works. The author believes that Beckett’s interest in intellectually close Schopenhauer and Nietzsche lead him to the theme of antiquity, inseparable from German culture. That is why one can see their common views on such fundamental concepts of existence as the cyclicality and inanition, death of God, solitude.
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Assa, Sonia. "« Dans un pleur assidu »: champs lexicaux de l'émotion dans la poésie de Marceline Desbordes-Valmore". Nottingham French Studies 59, n.º 1 (marzo de 2020): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2020.0269.
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Wishing to express emotion, Desbordes-Valmore created one of the most sensual lexicons of French romantic poetry. In her poems the world of feelings opens on to the world of physical sensations. Certain words trigger each other, forming semantic chains which convey the unique inflection of her personality. I will show how the feminine poetic subject she creates expresses and communicates emotion through the use of three semantic motifs: quivering or throbbing, loosening of bonds, and taking flight, each provided with an eminently personal and sensual lexicon. These lexical combinations allow Desbordes-Valmore to express her passionate nature, giving voice to feminine desire and feminine pleasure. In spite of her imprecise, vague or even poor vocabulary, in spite of the ubiquity of such words as ‘soul’, ‘flowers’, ‘angel’ and ‘heart’, she succeeds in referencing the body without actually naming it.
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Taimia Sabiha y Qudsia Jabeen. "بچوں کے انگریزی ادب میں اسلامی تہذیب و ثقافت کی ترویج: منتخب کہانی نگار خواتین کی کاوشوں کا جائزہ". FIKR-O NAZAR فکر ونظر 59, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2021): 9–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52541/fn.v59i2.1390.
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Children’s literature has always been created and published due to its importance to the aesthetical, cultural, and educational needs of young brains. It is purposefully written not only for pleasure and fun but also to teach fundamental socio-cultural values and develop early academic concepts. A voluminous juvenile literature has been produced in the English language for more than a century. However, it was dominated by British-American culture in its context, structure, vocabulary, presentation and even illustration. On the other hand, the growing number of immigrants and children who read English stories worldwide, either for learning or fun, felt it hard to relate themselves to the cultural settings of these stories. Eventually, this need drove giant publishers like Oxford, Cambridge, Macmillan, Scholastic Inc., and others to incorporate diversity and multi-ethnicity in their publications, rather than to make them Euro-American-centric. In general, Muslims—being a significant community in English speaking world—have been striving to maintain their religious identity, while attempting to assimilate into the majority culture. In addition to their various endeavours, from the dawn of the twenty-first century a significant number of women have started writing various fictional, non-fictional, illustrated, and non-illustrated books for children of different ages. In this context, this study provides an overview of women’s contributions to the promulgation of Islamic culture and civilization, using the children’s literature in the English language as their tool.
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Bobyleva, T. V. "THE ROLE OF STYLISTIC DISSONANCE IN THE RUSSIAN TRANSLATION OF J. AUSTEN'S NOVEL "SENSE AND SENSIBILITY" BY ALLA Y. FROLOVA. PART 1". Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, n.º 2 (3 de agosto de 2018): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-2-155-161.
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Studying new translations of the classic literature is important due to the growing interest for the phenomenon of re-translation in modern linguistics. The purpose of the study is to analyze the relevance of stylistic dissonance phenomena in the Russian translation of "Sense and Sensibility", published in 2013 – «Разум и чувство» (pronounced as [razum i chuvstvo], which means "Reason and feeling"). The stylistic dissonance is regarded in the paper as the combination of different styles of vocabulary: literary words (poetic, obsolete, etc.), colloquialisms, anachronisms and anachronistic expressions. The following categories of the stylistic dissonance phenomena are revealed: 1) reflection (or creation) of comic effects and irony; 2) adaptation of the novel to the modern audience’s language picture of the world, tastes and preferences; 3) imperfections of translation and editing. The 3rd category and its 3 subcategories will be examined in the next article. The analysis is a part of a larger research based on studying the full-text translations of J. Austen’s novel Sense and Sensibility written by Russian and French authors.
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Ninio, Anat. "Learning to structure sentences through the acquisition of grammatical words: Introduction to the special issue on the role of grammatical words in young children’s syntactic development". First Language 39, n.º 1 (31 de diciembre de 2018): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142723718809746.
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Until recently, grammatical words such as determiners, auxiliary verbs and prepositions have been considered marginal for the early stages of syntactic development. Lately the trend has turned, and recently some authors have been arguing for the opposite view, according to which grammatical words or functional words (FWs) have a central role in syntactic development. This special issue is devoted to the hypothesis that FWs bootstrap syntactic development in children. The first article, by Dye et al., sets the background with a thorough literature review. The second article, by Ninio, offers evidence that functional categories (FCs) may be the source of transfer and facilitation of major syntactic principles. The remainder of the special issue is devoted to five studies that offer an empiricist model of learning a vocabulary of FWs and its connection to syntactic structure. The major conclusion is that this interrelated complex system is not innate but learned from the linguistic input. Evidence comes from studies of development of several languages: French (Le Normand), German (Szagun et al.), English, Spanish and Bantu (Demuth); of development in typically and atypically developing child populations (Leonard); and of monolingual as well as bilingual development (Kedar). Each of the studies examines a different aspect of such a learning theory. The special issue provides important theoretical insights into the process of acquisition, and may contribute to various applied uses by serving as the basis for remedial teaching and intervention.