Tesis sobre el tema "France – 1870-1940 (3e République) – Dans la littérature"
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Olivier-Messonnier, Laurence. "Guerre et littérature de jeunesse française (1870-1919)". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF20003.
Texto completoGagné, Nicolas. "Les visages de la République dans l'œuvre d'Emile Zola". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. https://bsnum.sorbonne-nouvelle.fr/files/original/1338/6773/These_en_cours_de_traitement.pdf.
Texto completoThe Republic as conceived by Zola is a surprisingly difficult object to grasp. Surprisingly, as he wrote extensively on politics throughout his career: his defense of Captain Dreyfus, which he saw as a struggle against the adversaries of the Republic as it should exist, was not an isolated act. For example, he often and harshly criticized the political personnel of the Third Republic and described the “naturalistic” or “scientific” Republic he wanted established in France. However, his critical work is insufficient; the naturalist Republic is defined only in a vague, even tautological way: the scientific republican is the one who treats politicalquestions in a scientific way, who applies in politics the literary method of naturalist writers. The idea is interesting, but it has little follow-up; Zola barely even goes far as to name a politician capable of embodying this ideal. We have to dig deeper. We therefore postulate that it is necessary, to get a full understanding of the question, to look for the Republic within Zola’s novels. He was after all a novelist and not a philosopher. This does not mean these novels are not interesting to analyze in their political dimension, on the contrary: it is in particular in the imaginary that they convey that a republican discourse can be found. A cross-reading of fiction and nonfiction is therefore necessary to grasp the question in all itscomplexity. The main objective of this research is therefore to understand what the Republic represents for Zola and how he represents it, which is not necessarily the same thing
Allart, Marie-Noëlle. "L’enseignement général dans la formation initiale d’État des ouvriers et employés 1880-1959". Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN1001.
Texto completoWhen the State sets up the lower grades of the post primary technical schools from 1880, it also sets up a general education as well as a job training for young men and women. We are questioning the purposes of this general education. More or less linked to technical schooling, it promotes a general knowledge or encourages a technical culture. From then on, a political conscience of the workers or employees training is developed all along the third and fourth Republics: is it possible or is it recommended to shape together the worker, the citizen and the man? The focus on "écoles manuelles d’apprentissage", but above all on "écoles pratiques de commerce et d’industrie" and after on "centres d’apprentissage ", shows that choices made as far as general teaching is concerned, influence on a large scale, the purpose of the training. The part of the various agents can be rated both nationally and locally through debates, oppositions, reform projects, curriculum enforced and acted within the class
Proust, Jean-Marc. "Racisme et nationalisme dans le roman populaire francais sous la iiie republique (1870-1940)". Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100082.
Texto completo"born" in 1842 with les mysteres de paris, french popular novels experience quickly great success which reaches its very peack point during the third republic. French popular novelists highlight a racist and nationalist ideology. Characters behaviours, such as drinking and eating, or love, family, work, money and religion themes, are revealing to that respect. They always draw opposite features : "good" people (usually they are french) versus "bad" people - most of them are foreigners. The way they stand together highlight discrepancies between two worlds. Obsessed with plot, the novelists prove to belong to a narrow and anxious nationalism. Mourning the lost in 1870 of alsace and lorraine, french popular novels show warlike pulsions which generate a particular novel type, called "roman revanchard" (novels of revenge). The celebration of colonialism has twofold sides, as though it were emphasized to make up for the french inferior colonial stand. Jealousy to england appears quickly even though novelists often depicts typical french republican ideas. A people (one says then: "races") typology soon originates, which is closely tied to the diplomatic period unions. Russians are friends but italians and germans become allies - against french people. Races, exotism or the "savage" character highlight the way french popular novelists took bias in order to use them as the period stereotypes. So that they created a catchy propaganda serving racist and nationalist ideas
Antonini, Bruno. "Philosophie et politique chez Jean Jaurès : le rôle de l'Etat dans la transmutation de la République en socialisme". Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010610.
Texto completoBrémond, Kévin. "Une histoire politique des facultés de droit : l'image des facultés de droit dans la presse quotidienne d'information nationale sous la Troisième République (1870-1940)". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0324.
Texto completoThe Third Republic marks a turning point in the reorganization of law schools in France. The institutional field is revealing of the upheavals in legal education under the new regime, when it was previously imprisoned in the Napoleonic cadres of the early nineteenth century. This is how we are witnessing the creation, admittedly contained, but significant and unprecedented, of new public legal education establishments, such as in Bordeaux and Lyon. In addition, this province, acclimatized to the shadow of its big Parisian sister, then began to venture into full light, thus spurring a clear change in the university landscape. But more significant still is a cascade of reforms which relate to the degrees - license and doctorate - or the transformation of the programs, as evidenced by the irruption in the faculties of public law as well as political economy, and the many hesitations compared to young sociology. Law schools also face the challenge of ending the public monopoly on legal education with the creation of free schools. This breach, wanted by Catholics but also by Protestants in search of a seat in an increasingly anticlerical society, shattered the monolith where the state retained a quasi-monopoly to teach its law. These institutional changes are also continuing in the social field, with the densification of University players, both from the point of view of teaching staff and that of student numbers. Even if the latter is in no way comparable to the massification of after May 1968, it still marks an important development whose achievements go beyond the simple increase in staff and its logistical consequences. It is the very face of the University that takes its mark, and this is particularly true in law faculties, which are very affected by the phenomenon. Thus, education is forced to remedy the growing lack of personnel and institutions to face students who are increasingly turbulent and quick to make demands, as evidenced for example by the Lyon-Caen, Scelle or Jèze cases, which fuel political tensions within the Faculty of Law of Paris, but also those of the provinces. Finally, it is in the field of university culture that significant changes are being felt. While the academic failure is pointed out after the defeat of Sedan, which in the Interwar period, the Bordeaux professor Julien Bonnecase underlines in What is a Faculty of Law? (1929), that these are often accused of being "between heaven and earth" 1, the time has also come for reflection on legal education. The burdens of "old-style" teaching are thus increasingly contested, plunging the legal faculty into a deep crisis which will not have been resolved at the dawn of the Second World War. The institutional history of law schools, a subject that has been explored for many years, can give the image of a certain liveliness since it largely uses sources internal to the institutions. Other works, notably those of Marc Milet, take the party to study the excesses of the institution towards the outside world, in this case the investment of professors in politics
Grivel, Gilles. "Le parti républicain dans les Vosges de 1870 à 1914". Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21004.
Texto completoIn the period between 1871 and 1914 the Vosges can be described as a dynamic frontier area where the republican party represents a decisive political force. It is a stream of throught which gathered together all those who agreed with the ideas of the 1789 French revolution and turned into a structured organization at the beginning of the 20th century. After a brief description of the Vosges, this thesis analyses the evolution of the party, using mostly administrative and local newspapers sources. While the republican party had little influence during the Second Empire, after the 1870 war it was transformed into the dominant political force of the department, because it represented both resistance towards the enemy and national recovery. Mostly composed of moderates, it maintained its dominant position until the end of the 19th century. Its leaders, Jules Ferry and Jules Méline, were of national significance. At the end of the 19th century, its all importance was challenged by the surge of nationalism that accompanied the Dreyfus case. But a new republican party, the democratic republican party, emerged and managed to regain the department between 1906 and 1910. On the eve of the 1914 war representing a very moderate left wing, it exerted its political influence just like the republican party at the end of the 19th century
Dancel, Brigitte. "L'histoire de l'enseignement de l'histoire à l'école publique de la IIIe République : le ministre, le maître et l'élève dans les écoles primaires élémentaires de la Somme,1880-1926". Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H038.
Texto completoThis research aims at giving an historical account of a content matter beyond the prescriptive discourse of ministers of education, educationists and the inspectorate. Primary teachers' professional freedom in the definition of their individual practice is viewed throughout history, threading its way between distant governmental guidelines, closer advice from inspectors and the reality of the classroom. Observation is finally focused on the pupils whose acquisitions and skills are made obvious through the analysis of their output. Within the body of 4058 "certificat d'etudes" * exam papers of the 1918-1926 period in the Somme region, a sample of 951 answers is processed in the research (concerned with the French revolution, republican institutions and W. W. I). This long track, followed by all the governmental prescriptions, implies discrepancies between their stated aims and the historical academic culture actually acquired by the successful primary pupils during the 3rd French republic which eventually fulfills the school system and society at large. * French primary school final test until the early 1970's
Palewska, Marie. "Un romancier d'aventures à la Belle Epoque : paul d'Ivoi (1856-1915) et ses "Voyages excentriques"". Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030013.
Texto completoPublished in volumes between 1894 and 1917 by the former bookshop Furne, Paul d’Ivoi’s "Voyages Excentriques" made up a collection which was very much valued by the youth of the Edwardian Era.These adventure novels, in the tradition of Jules Verne, were highly representative of their time with plots deeply rooted in the political ideas pervading then. They were anxious to contribute to the patriotic and moral moulding of their readers and applied to support the colonial work of France while promoting the values of the French Republic and celebrating its influence all over the world. The action, which often deals with international diplomatic stakes, sends the characters abroad to meet other nationalities whose visions reflect their relationships with France, whether friendly or of conflict.However the "Voyages Excentriques" swing from reality into fiction using the various means that adventure novels, then at their peak, offered them. Exotism and scientific extravagance are the main themes, often accompanied with detective stories or spy fiction as secondary sorts. When writing his adventure novels, Paul d’Ivoi carefully paid attention to differentiating himself from his predecessors, asserting his own manner by inventing wonderful scientific gadgets or giving a preponderant role to women. His books were a great success at the turn of the 20th century as New Year’s gifts, school prizes, popular manuals or cheap serials which were adapted on stage or even in movies.He is most original in his dealing with eccentricity which is to be found all through his collection of Belle Epoque novels
Mole, Frédéric. "L'école laïque pour une République sociale ? : crises et controverses dans la politique scolaire française, 1900-1914". Lyon 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2008/mole_f.
Texto completoThe school reforms of the Third Republic in France, in particular the secularisation of schools, initially rested on a relative consensus among the Republicans. But at the beginning of the 20th century, although this unity and strength was at their height, the deep internal dissensions within the republican camp could not be masked. Opposing the Conservatives, the Socialists, the Radical socialists and the primary school teacher trade unionists developed, in different ways, the idea that secular schooling from then on should convey new forms of social emancipation. In what ways did left-wing republican criticisms of the secular ideal contribute to this crisis ? How did the aim of a social Republic give rise to new conceptions of schooling ? How were hopes raised to believe that this institution could help overcome social conservatism and contribute to social justice ? The thesis, based mainly on a corpus of educational, unionist, and political periodicals as well as congress reports, explores the tensions and controversies within various networks. It examines the various conceptions of a democratic primary school: 1. An "école de la critique" – or a school of criticism – which would prepare pupils to be able to conceive and build a new social order ; 2. An "école des producteurs"– or a school for future production – which would adapt the school curriculum to the world of work and local realities; 3. An "école unique" or a unified school, which breaking away from the traditional divisions of primary and secondary schools, with would release the individual from his or her social origins. Finally, the thesis seeks to understand the political bases and the social aims of these conceptions, as well the inherent tensions
Estève, Christian. "Mentalités et comportements politiques dans le Cantal de 1852 à 1914". Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100121.
Texto completoFrom the advent of universal suffrage, one might even say to this day, the Cantal voters have always voted for the outgoing or the winning majority. This cliché largely rests on true facts which this research initially sets out to verify for the 1852-1914 period. As is always the case with popular beliefs, it nevertheless forgets some exceptions that need to be pointed out and forgets to qualify many more subtle points. Hardship in this region surely must have led to such a security oriented vote. Expecting financial support and help of all sorts, railroads, may have been the price to pay in return for electoral loyalty. Beyond this apparent archaism some transformations disappear. The first one was the speeding up of an ongoing process of gallicization of the region. Politization and integration into the nation-state went along. The sudden irruption of central government disrupted the local political game. Power struggles and social conflict gradually changed while the omnipotence of local leaders dwindled. The role of personalities persisted but evolved into "clientelism". By turning the voter into a political player, this system gave him part of his citizenship. Ultimately, the overpowering control of the church over daily life was shattered. Despite the continuity of most religious practices, the secularization of the Cantal community was already completed on the eve of the First World War
Popescu, Ştefan. "L'Albanie dans la politique étrangère de la France (1919-juin 1940)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010642/document.
Texto completoBetween 1919-1939/40, France was caught in a tricky game towards Albania: it recognized the primacy of the Italian political and economic interests in Albania but, at the same time, France was aware that ail this might endanger the Albanian independence. The interest of France in Albania was the maintenance of the independence of this country to prevent it becoming a rear base of the Italy against Yugoslavia. There was also another French interest, a willingness of "présence" in Albania, generated by the France's great power status. It was under this aspect that France intends to be "présente" in Albania by two visible institutions, a high school and an archaeological mission, that offset for pretty much the limited development of political and economic relations. Thus, despite the geographical proximity and the intensity of the political and economic exchanges, Italy can't win in Albania as a dominant cultural power. .In the interwar period, France and Albania rediscover each other. It is in this interval that we are witnessing the establishment of the first bilateral institutional relations and it was at this lime that we sign the first bilateral treaties. lt is between the two wars that born a community of Albanians in France and the first organized groups of French tourists arrive in Albania, that bind the first bilateral economic relations
Cervera, Suzanne. "Soixante ans de presse mondaine dans les Alpes Maritimes 1880-1939 : de la Riviera au mythe azuréen : un modèle touristique : thèse". Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE2011.
Texto completoSimard-Houde, Mélodie. "Le Reporter, médiateur, écrivain et héros : un répertoire culturel (1870-1939)". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30012.
Texto completoReportage, understood as investigative journalism of the written press, was invented in France in the last third of the nineteenth century, not without causing debates and contradictory representations between supporters and opponents. During the interwar period its popularity is at its peak, as reportage presents itself in different media (books, daily and weekly press) and with different relations to news and fictionalization. Reportage therefore appears less like a genre than a matrix of investigative journalism, whose formation and evolution can be traced and generic variations described (such as collective, serialized and news reportages). Linked to the development of the news media, reportage establishes the special correspondent as a mediator, a writer and a hero of modern media culture. The Reporter, as an object of the social imaginary of the Third Republic, is a complex figure, which representations are situated at the crossroads of different productions. These include fictions, press articles (reportages, interviews, obituaries, metadiscourses), Memoirs of journalists, as well as a set of iconographic representations, all of which are drawn upon to define a cultural repertoire of journalistic scenographies, fictional scenarios and authorial positions contributing to the formation of a social imaginary of the reporter, defined both as a publicized figure and a mediator. In the intrigues and stories in which the reporter appears, he meets other social imaginaries – of colonization, of the body, of technical and social progress, of the Nation. These mould the reporter into a Republican figure, closely linked to the development of parliamentary democracy and of freedom of the press, and to modern technology and media. Finally, heir of the French literary journalism, but also associated with new recording techniques (that is, visual media, photography and cinema), the reporter is the pivot between two mediatic imaginaries : one that uses the journalist's subjectivity and the prism of human mediation to account for a worldview ; the other, which will prevail in the second half of the twentieth century, claims to offer an objective grasp of reality, as permitted by the illusion of technical mediation
Bohnekamp, Dorothea. "Une expérience dialectique de la République ? : intégration politique et identités juives dans l'entre-deux-guerres : Paris et Berlin, 1918-1933". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0034.
Texto completoGrenut, Isabelle. "Enfant de la faute, enfant du malheur : grandir sous la tutelle de l'Assistance publique dans les Basses-Alpes durant la IIIe République (1874-1940)". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0368/document.
Texto completoABSTRACT: In a context characterized by depopulation and high infant mortality, the Third Republic shows its early political desire to protect children which makes this period particularly relevant to observe from the point of view of the vulnerable population of assisted children: as wards of the State, they are likely to benefit more than other children from the new legislation in favour of health, education and work.. Between 1874 and 1923, about 800 children are admitted to Public Care in the Basses-Alpes, the small number reflecting the sparse population of this rural and mountainous department of the south east of France. It is most often new born babies who are admitted, abandoned by their single mother, victims of social stigma, but also orphans and legitimate children who are neglected or abused. Upon admission, children are placed in foster families who raise and educate them with varying degrees of commitment, but always under the control of the Inspector of Public Assistance. Until the age of thirteen, these young wards live pretty much like most children living in the countryside, that is, working on the family farm as well as going to school (which becomes compulsory in 1882.) Subsequently, both boys and girls are generally placed in domestic service on the farms or less often as servants in the city. During these challenging times, as with all young people, they experience friendship, love, and adventure. However, if the overall situation of the wards is undeniably improving during the Third Republic, nevertheless they continue to suffer from a pervasive social stigma, which drives some of them to search for the truth behind their story
Anglade-Trubert, Estelle. "Maurice Barrès, écrivain et parlementaire". Thesis, Orléans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ORLE1170.
Texto completoOver the course of his career, Maurice Barrès offers very different faces, yet complementary, and ultimately inseparable from each other : he will be, at the same time, writer, journalist, MP. This study focuses in particular on his destiny as a politician. From his critical vision of parliamentarism to its international influence, the writer from Lorraine engages with passion in great press and political campaigns — La Grande Pitié des églises de France (The Great Mercy of the churches of France),the defense of science, Une enquête aux pays du Levant (An investigation to the countries of the Levant) — all guided by the idea of a better being possible of Man. Barrès shows a thought constantly moving. Through various communication strategies that we will examine, the parliamentarian of theThird Republic, also academician of great renown, gives to see an organized management of hispublic speech in a new media era. He invents an unprecedented figure of the man of letters and the parliamentarian
Gaboriaud, Marie. "« Ce maître mystérieux » : la construction littéraire du mythe de Beethoven sous la Troisième République". Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040159.
Texto completoThe Third Republic « mystified » Beethoven. It turned him into a fictional character, and integrated him into the French republican canon, endowing him with all the moral and ideological values that then were at the root of the construction of national identity. This work aims to highlight a specific corpus, which contributed to the creation of the myth, which partly draws on Romanticism but is also eminently modern. Music criticism, biographies, novels, drama, popularization and educational works about Beethoven constitute an organic group of works, aiming at the glorification of the musician from Bonn. His image thus becomes a literary material, and contributes to building a beethovenian literature, and a beethovenian poetics, which borrows its aesthetics in particular from the epic, hagiography, serialized novels, picaresque novels and bourgeois drama. However this heterogeneous corpus tends towards standardization insofar as the narrative patterns somehow froze as commonplaces. All this leads to Beethoven being turned into the “hero of modern consciousness”. The republican ideology raised him to the rank of an icon both for identification and moral edification, in the same way as the “classics”. To the intellectuals of the interwar period he embodied humanist values and was a symbolic weapon against the rise of totalitarianism
Marre, Oriane. "La réception de l’avant-garde artistique dans la presse politique en France, de l’impressionnisme au fauvisme (1874-1905)". Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040074.
Texto completoIn this thesis we study how the artistic avant-garde was perceived by the political press in France during the first thirty years of the Third Republic. We propose to question the notion of avant-garde by studying it through the political prism, trying to ascertain what the artists’ politically aware contemporaries used to consider avant-garde art. We do not focus on the political commitments of the artists, but on the way their art was perceived. We chose to consider a rather long period of time, ranging from 1874 to 1905, from Impressionism to Post-impressionism. The first exhibition of the impressionist group took place just after the Third Republic was proclaimed, on the 4th of September 1870, and the unsuccessful attempt to restore the Monarchy in 1873, but before the Wallon amendment voted in 1875, which formalized the establishment of the Republic. We study its reception both in the wake of the establishment of the Republic and as this political regime settles in France, when the Republicans cease to be part of the opposition and start leading the country. Analysing the reception of the art movements emerging in the late 1880’s allows us to grasp how the political audience reacted to the artistic production from the Moderate Republican government to the Radicals’ – formerly called intransigeants in the late 1870’s. Although the purpose of the political press was not to discuss art per se, it still reported artistic and political events, hierarchically presenting them on a daily basis. Acting as a powerful tool to explore the expectations and reactions of its intended politically aware readers, the political press remains a very relevant source for art historians
Blin-Mioch, Rose. "Edition critique de la correspondance de Lydie Wilson de Ricard (1850-1880)". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30024/document.
Texto completoLydie Wilson de Ricard (alias Lydie de Ricard, Na Dulciorella, Lidia Colonia) is one of the _rst female member of Felibrige. Born and dead in Paris, her origins were scottish and _emish. Together with her husband Louis-Xavier de Ricard, a Marquis, Commune- militant and co-initiator of Parnasse Contemporain, and Auguste Fourès, a poet, they founded the Lauseta, a republican almanach. Between june 1876 and october 1877, Lydie exchanges freely letters with Fourès. We here publish these letters -from College d'Occitanie's collections in Toulouse, as well as extracts directed to others correspondents, published in Montpellier Républicain, a local newspaper. Her writings re_ect her learning of Monpellier's occitan dialect, her poetical creations, and her part in Felibrige Rouge's action. She will publish in Revue des Langues Romanes, will receive a price at Montpellier's Latin Feasts in 1878. During the uneasy beginnings of Third Republic, various problems are at stake : amnisty for _ communards _, men/women egality, marriage and divorce problems, laicity, with civil buryings : such are the topics of her letters, with politics and federalism, object of her husband's theorical work. Their arrival in _ Midi _is due not only to political conditions, but to the latter's love for occitan language and Mistral. Parnasse was partof Lydie's poetical formation, her mind favours the discovery of nature, in which she uses to wander with her sister Jeanne, a painter, before her death at 25, which marks the end of this correspondence where appears the mutual love that links Jeanne and Fourès