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Gaiser, Ted J. "Conducting On-Line Focus Groups". Social Science Computer Review 15, n.º 2 (julio de 1997): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089443939701500202.
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Cordell, Ashlee, Christa Wilk, Silvia Orsulic-Jeras, Sara Powers, Farida Ejaz y Lisbeth Sanders. "The Focus Group Must Go On: Lessons Learned from Conducting Virtual Focus Groups". Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (1 de diciembre de 2021): 837–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3067.
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Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has presented a multitude of challenges in conducting research with human subjects. In response, researchers have found creative ways to complete these studies using alternative methods that incorporate social distancing. Fortunately, numerous technologies exist today that allow individuals to connect with one another over short and long distances. The current study describes the development of LifeBio Memory: an app-based product that utilizes artificial intelligence and machine learning to improve an existing life story intervention designed for persons living with dementia (PWD). Seven focus groups (n=35), originally planned in-person, were successfully converted to a virtual setting. Groups were hosted using a Zoom platform, lasted 75-90 minutes (Mean = 85; SD = 5.3), and consisted of participants from 14 different states: One group of community-dwelling PWDs with early-stage dementia (n=5); two groups of current and former users of the original LifeBio program (n=12); and four groups of residential care staff and directors (n=18). Virtual focus group delivery was determined to be an acceptable and feasible alternative to traditional in-person formats. Topics discussed in this poster will include: 1) recruitment procedures, 2) screening protocols, 3) methods for sharing materials, 4) guidance for providing technology support, and 5) communication strategies to increase retention. Further discussion will focus on challenges faced when collecting data in a virtual setting, tips for successful facilitation, advantages to using virtual alternatives, and other lessons learned from the virtual field.
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Schröeder, Christine da Silva y Luis Roque Klerin. "On-line focus group: uma possibilidade para a pesquisa qualitativa em administração". Cadernos EBAPE.BR 7, n.º 2 (junio de 2009): 332–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-39512009000200010.
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A utilização de grupos focais (focus groups) como técnica de pesquisa representa uma alternativa interessante para o desenvolvimento de estudos qualitativos. Normalmente, os focus groups envolvem de seis a 10 pessoas que se reúnem para discutir tópicos específicos acerca de alguma temática, observando-se que a interação entre os membros do grupo também é tida como dado da pesquisa. Além disso, ao se considerar a influência das tecnologias de informação, em especial da Internet, a técnica pode ser aplicada virtualmente - através de on-line focus groups (OFGs) -, com auxílio de ferramentas como e-mail, chats e listas de discussão. Uma vez que, através de uma análise da produção acadêmica nacional em administração, constata-se que o emprego da técnica de focus group parece ser ainda incipiente - em especial, na modalidade on-line -, este artigo objetiva, a partir da revisão da literatura afim, caracterizar os OFGs e descrever sua forma de condução, bem como elencar as possíveis vantagens e desvantagens decorrentes de seu emprego, sugerindo sua utilização em pesquisas qualitativas em administração.
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Vala, Jaroslav. "The Interpretation of an Old Japanese Five-line Poem with a Focus Group Method". Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 116 (febrero de 2014): 3816–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.847.
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Neaverson, Aimee y Abbie Lake. "Barriers experienced with multi-agency responses to county line gangs: a focus group study". Journal of Children's Services 18, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2023): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-03-2022-0012.
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Purpose This study aims to create a platform for frontline practitioners to share experiences, express opinions and forge new ideas for effective multi-agency work when responding to child exploitation by county line gangs (CLGs). Design/methodology/approach CLGs are grooming children as young as age 7. The need for effective multi-agency responses to grooming by CLGs is a key priority for prevention. Using findings from focus groups held with 13 youth practitioners, school staff and charities, this article highlights the barriers that multi-agency frontline practitioners face when they are tasked with responding to instances of child criminal exploitation by CLGs. Findings Discussions within the focus groups indicate there are many common barriers and driving factors with regards to young people being successfully groomed by a CLG. More specifically, findings from this research identified school exclusions and a lack of prosocial sense of belonging to be a driving factor that exacerbated the risk of being successfully groomed by a CLG. Lack of a significant adult relationship was also found to be a barrier to successful multi-agency intervention, which was attributed to the lack of funding and resources required for adequate staffing needed to build meaningful relationships. Originality/value This study offered the unique opportunity for practitioners from various different sectors and jurisdictions to share their experiences of not only working with young people involved in CLGs, but also their challenges when using a multi-agency approach. These discussions are particularly important in the case of CLGs due to the cross-jurisdiction nature of the gangs’ activities. This research has identified issues with multi-agency responses to CLGs and offers recommendations for improvement. Identifying and understanding the barriers that practitioners face when responding to CLGs can allow for the development and implementation of various measures, which will aid the safeguarding of vulnerable victims of exploitation by CLGs.
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Villa, Gianluca, Rosa Giua, Timothy Amass, Lorenzo Tofani, Cosimo Chelazzi, Fulvio Pinelli, A. Raffaele De Gaudio y Stefano Romagnoli. "In-line filtration reduced phlebitis associated with peripheral venous cannulation: Focus on cost-effectiveness and patients’ perspectives". Journal of Vascular Access 21, n.º 2 (26 de julio de 2019): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1129729819861187.
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Background: In a previous trial, in-line filtration significantly prevented postoperative phlebitis associated with short peripheral venous cannulation. This study aims to describe the cost-effectiveness of in-line filtration in reducing phlebitis and examine patients’ perception of in-hospital vascular access management with and without in-line filtration. Methods: We analysed costs associated with in-line filtration: these data were prospectively recorded during the previous trial. Furthermore, we performed a follow-up for all the 268 patients enrolled in this trial. Among these, 213 patients responded and completed 6 months after hospital discharge questionnaires evaluating the perception of and satisfaction with the management of their vascular access. Results: In-line filtration group required 95.60€ more than the no-filtration group (a mean of € 0.71/patient). In terms of satisfaction with the perioperative management of their short peripheral venous cannulation, 110 (82%) and 103 (76.9%) patients, respectively, for in-line filtration and control group, completed this survey. Within in-line filtration group, 97.3% of patients were satisfied/strongly satisfied; if compared with previous experiences on short peripheral venous cannulation, 11% of them recognised in-line filtration as a relevant causative factor in determining their satisfaction. Among patients within the control group, 93.2% were satisfied/strongly satisfied, although up to 30% of them had experienced postoperative phlebitis. At the qualitative interview, they recognised no difference than previous experiences on short peripheral venous cannulation, and mentioned postoperative phlebitis as a common event that ‘normally occurs’ during a hospital stay. Conclusion: In-line filtration is cost-effective in preventing postoperative phlebitis, and it seems to contribute to increasing patient satisfaction and reducing short peripheral venous cannulation–related discomfort
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Montoya‐Weiss, Mitzi M., Anne P. Massey y Danial L. Clapper. "On‐line focus groups: conceptual issues and a research tool". European Journal of Marketing 32, n.º 7/8 (agosto de 1998): 713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090569810224100.
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Eaton, Andrew D., Jenny Hui, Marvelous Muchenje, Kate Murzin, Soo Chan Carusone, Francisco Ibáñez-Carrasco, Nuelle Novik, John W. McCullagh, Susanne Nicolay y Sharon L. Walmsley. "Adapting Cognitive Remediation Group Therapy as an Online or Hybrid Intervention for People Aging With HIV and Cognitive Concerns: Focus Group Protocol". International Journal of Qualitative Methods 21 (enero de 2022): 160940692211390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221139014.
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Cognitive impairment is a significant health issue for people aging with HIV/AIDS. Cognitive challenges can include forgetfulness, trouble concentrating, and increasing struggles to learn new skills, all of which contribute to poorer mental health and decreased quality of life. Although there is no specific drug therapy that can reverse the brain impairment, group therapies may help people aging with HIV and cognitive challenges to better cope with their symptoms when combined with their usual medical treatment and follow-up. This community-based study will involve peer-led focus groups to discuss cognitive remediation group therapy – a combination of mindfulness-based stress reduction and brain training activities tested in a pilot randomized, controlled trial – as an in-person intervention for people aging with HIV in 2019. Via a brief demographic survey and technology-mediated focus groups ( n = 40) in Ontario and Saskatchewan, we will determine how the intervention could be adapted in an online or hybrid format considering the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Content analysis will be employed whereby a team of independent coders will code the focus group transcripts in line with the co-design framework and “Double Diamond” model of developing interventions, including intervention structure, content, and mode of delivery. Given the aging of the HIV population in Canada, increasing support will be required in addition to medical care to improve quality of life, and proactively address concerns about cognition. This protocol provides a roadmap for adapting in-person psychosocial interventions using community-based and technology-mediated methods.
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Gregersen, A. G., M. T. Hansen, S. E. A. Brynhildsen, V. A. Grøndahl y A. C. Leonardsen. "Students’ Perspectives on Learning Practical Nursing Skills: A Focus Group Study in Norway". Nursing Research and Practice 2021 (9 de abril de 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8870394.
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Practical nursing skills are complex and involve technical, theoretical, and practical aspects, caring perspectives adjusted to both patient and circumstances, as well as ethical and moral considerations. Patients’ length of stay in hospitals is decreasing, and more advanced patient treatment is conducted in primary healthcare settings. Hence, education and nursing skills need adjustment in line with the rapidly evolving field of practice. Studies emphasize a need to uncover whether the technical aspect of nursing skills, in general, is challenging in students’ learning. The aim of this study was to explore students’ perspectives on practical nursing skills and how they can best learn these. Three focus group interviews were conducted with registered nurse students and intellectual disability nurse students in their last semester (n = 11). Conventional, inductive content analysis in line with recommendations from Hsieh and Shannon was used to analyze the data. Two main categories with subcategories were identified: (1) the content of practical skills, with subcategories (a) human-to-human relations, (b) organizational competence, and (c) technical mastering and (2) building competence, with subcategories (a) need for supervision, (b) planning the learning situations, and (c) relevance for practice. Students experienced that practical skills did not only include technical aspects but also the ability to establish a relationship to the patient and to organize their working day. Supervising was assumed as essential both when training in the simulation center and in clinical placement, as well as planning of the training, respectively. Students experienced that some skills learned in the university college were less relevant in clinical practice and that certain skills were difficult to perform in practice due to the type of clinical placement. Hence, there is a need to review the approach to and content of practical nursing skills’ learning in healthcare undergraduate programs, to prepare students for clinical practice, and to ensure that they build the competence needed in healthcare services.
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Schuyler, Kathryn Goldman y Linda Branagan. "The Power Line: A Model for Generating a Systemic Focus on Organizational Health". Journal of Applied Sociology os-20, n.º 2 (septiembre de 2003): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19367244032000205.
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The Power Line model identifies a series of critical leverage points to which leaders must attend, including an overarching vision, teams that implement effectively, and individuals willing to bring their energy to the organization. By emphasizing the need to work on purpose, action, and energy at the systemwide, group, and individual levels, we can develop leaders able to take integrated actions that will engender and sustain deep levels of change.
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Liao, Kelly Yu-Hsin, Frances C. Shen, Andrea R. Cox, Amy R. Miller, Brittany Sievers y Brianna Werner. "Asian American men’s body image concerns: A focus group study." Psychology of Men & Masculinities 21, n.º 3 (julio de 2020): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/men0000234.
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Briller, Sherylyn H., Stephanie Myers Schim, Kathleen L. Meert y Celia S. Thurston. "Special Considerations in Conducting Bereavement Focus Groups". OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 56, n.º 3 (mayo de 2008): 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.56.3.c.
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Focus groups conducted with grieving people pose special challenges. However, this method can be successfully used in bereavement research especially when group interaction is central to the research aim. This article builds on key articles discussing ethical, methodological, logistical, and analytical issues in conducting focus groups with vulnerable populations (Owen, 2001; Seymour, Bellamy, Gott, Ahmedzai, & Clark, 2002). For bereaved people, vulnerability stems from heightened potential for harm by virtue of participation in sensitive, personal exploration of death-related experiences. We discuss reasons for selecting focus group methods and our experiences with planning and implementing focus groups with bereaved people. Issues found to be highly salient in our work include: team composition, participant recruitment, creating the environment, starting and ending the group, language and listening, managing emotional discussions and time, and analytic considerations. Recommendations are made for effectively using focus groups to generate new knowledge in bereavement research.
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Russell, MiaB. "Understanding Employee Wellness Among Non-Supervisory, Front-Line Employees in Three Maryland Industries: A Focus Group Study". Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences 109, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2017): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14307/jfcs109.1.34.
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Abildsnes, Eirik, Eivind Meland, Gro Beate Samdal, Tonje H. Stea y Thomas Mildestvedt. "Stakeholders’ expectations of Healthy Life Centers: A focus group study". Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 44, n.º 7 (10 de julio de 2016): 709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494816655946.
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Bach, Carole Ann y Roxanne W. McDaniel. "Quality of Life in Quadriplegic Adults: A Focus Group Study". Rehabilitation Nursing 18, n.º 6 (12 de noviembre de 1993): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2048-7940.1993.tb00790.x.
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Brigle, PhD, ANP, Kevin, Daniel Verina, DNP, RN, ACNP-BC y Beth Faiman, PhD, MSN, APRN-BC, AOCN, BMTCN, FAAN. "A Focus on Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma". Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology 13, n.º 5 (1 de julio de 2022): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.5.10.
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Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell disorder that affects nearly 35,000 people annually. Over 149,000 individuals are estimated to live in the United States with MM. Research has generated a greater understanding of the pathology of this disease, now combined with mature clinical trial data that support the use of combination therapy in treatment. This article focuses on updated diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of newly diagnosed patients. While the diagnosis of MM remains based on the 2014 International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) guidelines, we review these and updated recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of myeloma as well as relevant supportive care. The prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed MM relies heavily on the cytogenetic profile of the disease, along with other patient-specific risk factors. There are multiple first-line treatment options that combine three or four novel agents with the goal of reducing plasma cell burden and achieving minimal residual disease (MRD) negative status early in the treatment trajectory. Supportive care interventions aimed at minimizing the risk of infection and thromboembolic events, and protecting bone health are critical for maintaining quality of life and are as important as therapeutic treatment interventions.
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Richmond, Sarah, Samantha Bruin, Amanda M. Black, Ian Pike y Shelina Babul. "USING AN INTEGRATED KNOWLEDGE TRANSLATION APPROACH TO INFORM THE DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF ACTIVE & SAFE CENTRAL: AN ON-LINE PLATFORM OF EVIDENCE-BASED SPORT AND RECREATIONAL INJURY INFORMATION". Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, n.º 3_suppl (1 de marzo de 2019): 2325967119S0012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00126.
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Background: Sport and recreational injuries place a significant burden on the health care system and represent a large proportion of all injuries that report to emergency departments in Canada. An initiative to address this significant burden was to develop of an on-line platform providing information on the incidence of injury, risk factors, and effective interventions to reduce the risk of injury in over 51 sport and recreational activities. The information was collected by systematic review of the evidence which was critically appraised, synthesized and translated into an on-line platform, called Active and Safe Central. The objective of this project was to use an integrated knowledge translation approach to develop and evaluate the Active and Safe Central on-line tool. Methods: A mixed-methods design was used to develop and evaluate the Active and Safe Central Tool. Data was collected using a two-phased focus group format as well as an on-line survey, embedded in the on-line tool. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling and included a variety of stakeholders including parents, athletes, coaches, athletic therapists, injury prevention researchers and practitioners from local sport organizations. Focus groups were designed to be 60-minutes in duration and used a semi-structured format, led by a trained facilitator, to collect specific information on the design, use and information contained in the tool. The focus groups were both audio and visually recorded, with one project team member taking notes to supplement data collection. The on-line feedback form was created in consultation with experts in evaluation from the digital team as well as injury prevention researchers. The first focus group, at the build and mock-up phase collected information on: A) participants’ previous experiences with injury prevention resources and B) feedback on the proposed design, perceived usefulness and suggestions for the tool on use and content. The second focus group collected information on the interactivity of the tool, including live navigation with the beta version of the digital platform. Participants provided feedback on the functionality, visual appeal and usefulness of the site. Information from the focus groups and on-line feedback forms was synthesized and used to inform the design and reimaging of the Active and Safe Central tool during build, mock-up, beta and live versions. Results: Information collected from focus group participants was used to inform necessary changes in the on-line platform including critical navigation issues, visualizations, and interactivity. Initial post-launch results from the focus group (n=14) and from the on-line survey (n=87) suggest that the tool is a helpful resource for sport and recreational injury information (88.5% agreement). The majority of users agreed that the tool was easy to use (89.6%), that they learned something new after using the site (89.6%) and that they would use the recommendations presented in the prevention section of the site. Finally, 86.2% responded affirmatively to share the information gathered on the site, with others in their community. Conclusions: The Active and Safe Central resource was developed using an integrated knowledge translation approach with evaluation indices embedded throughout the process. Information collected through focus groups was critical in the initial development and subsequent iterations of the on-line tool. Initial evaluation results suggest the tool is an effective resource for sport and recreational injury information that has significant potential to impact prevention practice.
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Lackie, Madison E., Julia S. Parrilla, Brynn M. Lavery, Andrea L. Kennedy, Deirdre Ryan, Barbara Shulman y Lori A. Brotto. "Digital Health Needs of Women With Postpartum Depression: Focus Group Study". Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, n.º 1 (6 de enero de 2021): e18934. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18934.
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Background Although approximately 10% of new mothers in Canada develop postpartum depression (PPD), they face many barriers when accessing care. eHealth offers a unique opportunity to provide psychosocial skills and support to new mothers; however, patient populations are not consistently engaged in eHealth development processes. Thus, the diversity of women’s backgrounds and needs are often not reflected in existing tools. Objective This study aims to engage women from a variety of backgrounds and locations around British Columbia (BC) who have previously experienced PPD to determine the unmet psychoeducational needs of women with PPD and how a web-enabled platform used to deliver psychosocial skills and education to assist in the management of PPD could fulfill those needs. Methods Focus groups were conducted in 7 cities across BC with a total of 31 women (mean age 34.5 years, SD 4.9), with each group ranging from 2-7 participants. Focus groups were cofacilitated by the study coordinator and a local service provider in each community using a semistructured guide to discuss participants’ needs, ideas, and opinions as they relate to the use of technology in PPD management. Transcripts were approached inductively using thematic analysis to identify themes and qualitative description to frame what was observed in the data. Results A total of 5 themes were identified: bridging gaps to meet needs; providing validation to combat stigma; nurturing capacity to cope, manage, and/or reach wellness; empowering people to take ownership over their mental health; and offering customization to ensure relevance. Each theme identified a need (eg, combatting stigma) and a way to address that need using a web-enabled intervention (eg, providing validation). At the intersection of these themes was the overarching value of promoting agency for women experiencing PPD. Conclusions Ultimately, new mothers require accessible mental health care that promotes their agency in mental health care decision making. Our participants believed that a web-enabled intervention could help meet this need. These data will be used to guide the design of such an intervention, with the eventual implementation of this resource as a first-line management option for PPD.
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Chatrakul Na Ayudhya, Uracha, Janet Smithson y Suzan Lewis. "Focus group methodology in a life course approach – individual accounts within a peer cohort group". International Journal of Social Research Methodology 17, n.º 2 (4 de marzo de 2014): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2014.892657.
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Chung, Hea-Jung y Yong-Suk Kwon. "A Study on the Eating Habit and a Healthy Diet's Perception of Korean Food Investigated through a Focus Group Interview (FGI) - Focus on the Dietary Life Related Expert -". Korean Journal of Human Ecology 19, n.º 6 (31 de diciembre de 2010): 1115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5934/kjhe.2010.19.6.1115.
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Lindfors, Petra. "Positive Health in a Group of Swedish White-Collar Workers". Psychological Reports 91, n.º 3 (diciembre de 2002): 839–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2002.91.3.839.
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Ryff's Psychological Well-being scales cover six dimensions of psychological well-being (Self-acceptance, Environmental mastery, Positive relations with others, Personal growth, Purpose in life, and Autonomy) and have been suggested as an adequate measure of positive psychological functioning. Apart from translating the scales to Swedish and examining the psychometric properties of the measure, the present study aimed to explore the relationships between the Ryff scales and the General Health Questionnaire, negative affectivity, and physical symptoms using self-ratings from 91 full-time employed women and men. Given low internal consistency for the different dimensions of the Ryff scales, correlational analyses were based on a composite index. Analysis indicated negative relations between the Ryff index and other measures and are in line with prior findings showing that the index taps positive psychological functioning while other indices focus on negative functioning.
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Xi, H., C. Liang, F. Q. Zhang, M. J. Li y T. P. Peng. "A pulse current generator for dense plasma focus". Journal of Instrumentation 16, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 2021): P12021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/12/p12021.
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Abstract A pulse current generator applied in a type of high-yield intense pulsed neutron source, the Dense Plasma Focus (DPF), is designed and developed in this paper. There are three key components in this generator. Each group of capacitors and switches is integrative to meet the DPF's requirements of low circuit inductance. A coaxial multi-channel switch is developed to solve the problems of the switch inductance, the jitter and the electrode erosion. A kind of sectorial plate transmission line is adopted to transfer the high pulse current from the capacitors to the DPF. The following technical parameters of the generator were achieved on dummy load: output current amplitude of ∼560 kA when primary capacitors are charged with 22 kV.
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Jiang, Guanyin, Wanyuan Qin, Xing Du, Ye Zhang, Muzi Zhang, Tuotuo Xiong, Dezhang Zhao y Yunsheng Ou. "The Distribution Pattern of First-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Concentrations between the Blood and the Vertebral Focus of Spinal Tuberculosis Patients". Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, n.º 18 (15 de septiembre de 2022): 5409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11185409.
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Background: Anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations are critical for the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. The distribution pattern of anti-tuberculosis drugs between the blood and the vertebral focus needs to be further explored. Methods: A total of 31 spinal tuberculosis patients were prospectively included and then divided into a sclerotic group (15 cases) and a non-sclerotic group (16 cases) according to their preoperative CTs. All patients were treated with 2HERZ/6H2R2Z2 chemotherapy for 4 weeks before the operation. During the operation, blood, normal vertebral bone tissue, and vertebral focus tissue were obtained, processed, and sent to the pharmacology laboratory. The concentration values of four anti-tuberculosis drugs in each sample were obtained in a pharmacology laboratory. Results: There was no significant difference in the concentrations of the four anti-tuberculosis drugs in the blood and the normal vertebral bone tissue between the two groups; however, there was a significant difference in the vertebral focus tissue. There existed a linear correlation of four anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations between the blood and the focus in the non-sclerotic bone group. Conclusions: The existence of sclerotic bone hinders the anti-tuberculosis drug distribution. In the absence of sclerotic bone in the vertebral focus, there exists a linear relationship of the four anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations between the blood and the vertebral focus of spinal tuberculosis patients.
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Rady, A., T. Moukoukheya y E. Shawky. "Shifting focus approach: An alternative to classical CBT therapy for relapse prevention among opioid detoxified patients". European Psychiatry 33, S1 (marzo de 2016): s233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.584.
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AimMost current psychotherapeutic approaches are self-focused in terms of focusing attention on how one thinks, feels, behaves or maintains, in one way or another, a pathological chain reactions. The aim of current is to challenge such focus by shifting the focus of attention to serving others rather than analyzing one's self.MethodSixty patients were recruited after heroin detoxification, all have been subject to psycho-education about addictive behavior, craving process and risks of relapse. Half of them (group A; n = 30) were subject to weekly basis classical CBT group sessions while the other half (group B; n = 30) were subject to shifting focus approach where they were encouraged to serve on voluntary nonprofit basis at Alexandria university hospitals with weekly group support sessions to share experiences and encourage action. Patients in both arms were followed for 3 months and evaluated in terms of abstinence rate and quality of life.ResultsBoth groups were balanced in terms of age, marital status, age of onset of abuse, number of previous detoxification, criminal record and score of the Quality of Life Scale QLS at base line before psychotherapy. After 3 months, no difference as regards abstinence rate between both arms (X2 = 1.763; P = 0.288), also no difference between both groups as regards change in QLS score after 3 months (t = 0.039; P = 0.969).ConclusionShifting focus approach shows no difference in terms of abstinence or quality of life improvement compared to classical CBT in non inferiority study.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Seidman, Andrew D., Louise Bordeleau, Louis Fehrenbacher, William E. Barlow, Jane Perlmutter, Lawrence Rubinstein, Suparna B. Wedam et al. "National Cancer Institute Breast Cancer Steering Committee Working Group Report on Meaningful and Appropriate End Points for Clinical Trials in Metastatic Breast Cancer". Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, n.º 32 (10 de noviembre de 2018): 3259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.18.00242.
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Purpose To provide evidence-based consensus recommendations on choice of end points for clinical trials in metastatic breast cancer, with a focus on biologic subtype and line of therapy. Methods The National Cancer Institute Breast Cancer Steering Committee convened a working group of breast medical oncologists, patient advocates, biostatisticians, and liaisons from the Food and Drug Administration to conduct a detailed curated systematic review of the literature, including original reports, reviews, and meta-analyses, to determine the current landscape of therapeutic options, recent clinical trial data, and natural history of four biologic subtypes of breast cancer. Ongoing clinical trials for metastatic breast cancer in each subtype also were reviewed from ClinicalTrials.gov for planned primary end points. External input was obtained from the pharmaceutic/biotechnology industry, real-world clinical data specialists, experts in quality of life and patient-reported outcomes, and combined metrics for assessing magnitude of clinical benefit. Results The literature search yielded 146 publications to inform the recommendations from the working group. Conclusion Recommendations for appropriate end points for metastatic breast cancer clinical trials focus on biologic subtype and line of therapy and the magnitude of absolute and relative gains that would represent meaningful clinical benefit.
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Lee, Eun Suk y Na Hyun Kim. "Safety Threat Experiences of Firefighters: Based on Focus Group Interviews". Forum of Public Safety and Culture 18 (30 de septiembre de 2022): 109–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.52902/kjsc.2022.18.109.
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This study was a qualitative study to explore the safety threat experiences of firefighters using focus group interviews. The purpose of the study was to deeply understand the properties and essentials of safety threats experienced by firefighters during firefighting activities in order to empathy for the meaning of safety threats and provide basic necessary data to resolve their safety threats. Ultimately, it is intended to help firefighters to work in a safer environment emotionally and physically.
The data collection for this study was conducted from February 8, 2021 to March 25, 2021, and the participants in the study were firefighters currently working in the field who had experienced safety threats of 5 years or more and less than 15 years of experience, including 7 fire suppression workers, 5 rescue workers, and 6 paramedics. In order for participants to create suitable discussion conditions with intensive interactions, firefighters whose main tasks are fire extinguishing, rescue workers whose main tasks are rescue activities, and paramedics whose main tasks are emergency activities were interviewed three times separately. Data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis method.
As a result of the analysis, 26 sub-categories and 10 categories were derived, which could be divided into two dimensions. The two dimensions are 'meaning of safety threat experiences' and ' coping strategies to safety threats'. There were seven categories of meaning of safety threat experiences: ‘dangerous accident scene in uncertain situations’, ‘suppressing the overwhelming fear and entering alone into the boundaries of life and death’, ‘thrown unprotected in unexpected dizzing moments’, ‘enduring the situation with self-hypnosis in unavoidable situations’, ‘destiny embodied in the image of a hero’, ‘a dangerous accident experience that remains an intense afterimage’, ‘a dizzying accident experience in which life and death are unclear is projected into everyday life', In terms of coping strategies to safety threats, three categories were included: 'dealing from the personal side', 'dealing through relationships with colleagues', and 'dealing required at the organizational level'.
This study was meaningful in that it revealed the properties and essentials of safety threats experienced by firefighters during firefighting activities and suggested countermeasures against safety threats. Participants have showed negative emotions and behavioral responses while exposed to various safety threatening experiences during firefighting activities, nevertheless they have developed safety capabilities through personal efforts, cooperation, and exchanges with colleagues based on trust, and suggested various alternatives at the organizational level.
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Sheather, Julian, Ronald Apunyo, Marc DuBois, Ruma Khondaker, Abdullahal Noman, Sohana Sadique y Catherine R. McGowan. "Ethical guidance or epistemological injustice? The quality and usefulness of ethical guidance for humanitarian workers and agencies". BMJ Global Health 7, n.º 3 (marzo de 2022): e007707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007707.
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This paper explores the quality and usefulness of ethical guidance for humanitarian aid workers and their agencies. We focus specifically on public health emergencies, such as COVID-19. The authors undertook a literature review and gathered empirical data through semi-structured focus group discussions amongst front-line workers from health clinics in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh and in the Abyei Special Administrative Area, South Sudan. The purpose of the project was to identify how front-line workers respond to ethical challenges, including any informal or local decision-making processes, support networks, or habits of response.The research findings highlighted a dissonance between ethical guidance and the experiences of front-line humanitarian health workers. They suggest the possibility: (1) that few problems confronting front-line workers are conceived, described, or resolved as ethical problems; and (2) of significant dissonance between available, allegedly practically oriented guidance (often produced by academics in North America and Europe), and the immediate issues confronting front-line workers. The literature review and focus group data suggest a real possibility that there is, at best, a significant epistemic gulf between those who produce ethical guidelines and those engaged in real-time problem solving at the point of contact with people. At worst they suggest a form of epistemic control—an imposition of cognitive shapes that shoehorn the round peg of theoretical preoccupations and the disciplinary boundaries of western academies into the square hole of front-line humanitarian practice.
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Tümen Akyıldız, Seçil. "College Students’ Views on the Pandemic Distance Education: A Focus Group Discussion". International Journal of Technology in Education and Science 4, n.º 4 (2 de septiembre de 2020): 322–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.v4i4.150.
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The COVID-19 is a deadly pandemic that has affected every aspect of life including education. The schools have been closed to prevent the spread of the virus, and they have converted their system into distance education. Completing the semester there is a need to address the problematic issues in the new system to develop it for future implementations. Thus the current research aimed to examine the perceptions of Turkish university students on the pandemic distance education period. In particular, this research addressed the following research questions: (1) How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected your life in general? (2) What do you think about web-based pandemic education that you have? (3) What are your suggestions on future distance education implementations? It was conducted by focus group discussion. The researcher carried out the discussion via Skype one of the best ways in pandemic period. The 12 undergraduates were determined randomly and voluntarily from each grade. A number of issues that were obtained from the discussion were identified through qualitative content analysis. The findings have revealed that most of the participants were affected by the pandemic period negatively feeling anxiety, despair, and boredom. It is apparent from the findings of the second research question that pandemic education process has had its weaknesses rather than its advantages such as lack of interaction, and communication which lead the students to isolation, problems about exams, traditional educational habits, the load of assignments, and time management. The advantages on the other hand have been flexibility of time and place, students’ having more responsibilities in learning and comfort in exams. The suggestions of the participants are also worth to note like instructors’ changing their way of lecturing, their perspectives as educators, and the way of assessment. It is hoped to contribute to the current distance education literature with its worthwhile results.
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Frantz, Rolf. ""Tales from the front line" Inside the discussions at focus groups [Certification Corner]". IEEE Communications Magazine 45, n.º 6 (junio de 2007): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2007.374418.
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Shi, Jian Xi y Yan Cui. "Exploring the Structure of the Crisis Management Team". Key Engineering Materials 460-461 (enero de 2011): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.460-461.15.
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The purpose of this article is to introduce a new perspective into the crisis management team rather than to focus on how to train the crisis management team like many recent researches. This paper adds product-line employees, shareholders, customer representatives, government officials to the crisis management team and use the modified nominal group technique in the decision-making process, which improves the efficiency of the team.
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Kim, Mirinae y Minju Kim. "We Want More Than Life-Sustaining Treatment during End-of-Life Care: Focus-Group Interviews". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 9 (21 de abril de 2021): 4415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094415.
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We qualitatively investigated end-of-life care needs. Data were collected via focus-group interviews with three groups: young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults. The key question was, “What kind of care would you like to receive at the end of life?” Interview data were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis. End-of-life care needs were classified into six categories: life-sustaining treatment needs, physical care needs, emotional care needs, environmental needs, needs for respect, and needs for preparation for death. Because the Korean culture is family-oriented and talking about death is taboo, Korean patients at the end of their life do not make decisions about life-sustaining treatment or actively prepare for death. Therefore, to provide proper end-of-life care, conversations and shared decision-making among patients and their families are crucial. Further, we must respect patients’ dignity and help them achieve a good death by understanding patients’ basic care preferences. Future research should continue examining end-of-life care needs that reflect the social and cultural context of Korea to inform instrument development.
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Stephens, Janna, Gyasi Moscou-Jackson y Jerilyn K. Allen. "Young Adults, Technology, and Weight Loss: A Focus Group Study". Journal of Obesity 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/379769.
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Overweight and obesity are a major concern in young adults. Technology has been integrated into many weight loss interventions; however little is known about the use of this technology in young adults. The purpose of this study was to explore through focus group sessions the opinions of young adults on the use of technology for weight loss. A total of 17 young adults, between 18 and 25 years of age, participated in three focus group sessions. Major results indicated that young adults have very little knowledge on the use of Smartphone technology for weight loss but would like to use this type of technology to help them lose weight. Results also indicated that young adults struggle to make healthy food choices and have priorities that outweigh exercise and they need support and guidance to make better decisions. In conclusion, young adults would be open to using Smartphone technology for weight loss but also need feedback and guidance to help make healthy decisions.
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Watach, Alexa, Miranda McPhillips, Bruno Saconi, Rebecca Lang-Gallagher, M. Melanie Lyons, Susan Renz, Ilene Rosen y Amy Sawyer. "0369 Sleep Education for the Nurse Practitioner: Nurse Practitioner Student Focus Group Findings". Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (25 de mayo de 2022): A166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.366.
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Abstract Introduction Primary care nurse practitioners (NPs) receive little to no sleep education in graduate programs despite being first-line providers for patients presenting with sleep-related symptoms. Sleep curriculum has been consistently identified as a gap in nursing education and confirmed in recent survey studies of nurses and NPs. Methods Qualitative descriptive study to explore NP students’ reactions to an asynchronous, case-based sleep e-learning program. Data were collected as part of a larger pre-/post-study assessing the program. Six asynchronous online modules were offered to a cohort of primary care NP students in a single academic institution’s master’s degree in primary care nursing program. At the end of the course, students were invited to participate in one-hour, online, focus group sessions. Directed content analysis, guided by the Kirkpatrick training evaluation model, was used to analyze the qualitative data to understand NP students’ experience with the program and elicit their perspectives about sleep education. Results Participants in the course (N=67) were predominantly female (88%) and ≤35 years old (81%). Twenty-four students participated in the focus group sessions. Two overarching themes emerged, including positive reactions to (1) course design and (2) course content. Students reported the case-based scenarios and quizzes enhanced their learning and kept them engaged, noted the user-friendly format, and appreciated that the course was asynchronous. After completing the modules, students recognized they had a previous knowledge gap related to sleep and perceived the information they received to be relevant to their practice/patient population and to their own personal health/wellbeing. Students also discussed their intentions to incorporate sleep assessments into practice. Conclusion Given the increasing sleep health needs of the population and the growing shortages of sleep providers, there is a critical need to ensure NP’s have the proper education to recognize and identify implications of poor and disordered sleep in their patients. In this study, NP students enthusiastically embraced sleep education, identified knowledge gain, and had intentions to apply their learned skills in practice highlighting the feasibility of increasing curricular exposure to sleep medicine. Support (If Any) The work reported herein was supported by National Institutes of Health (R25HL120874 Rosen, PI).
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Kraemer, S., R. Tkatch, L. Albright, D. Martin y E. Wicker. "JOOL: A TECHNOLOGY INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE PURPOSE IN LIFE: FOCUS GROUP ANALYSIS". Innovation in Aging 2, suppl_1 (1 de noviembre de 2018): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.901.
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Hjorth, Nina Elisabeth, Dagny Faksvåg Haugen y Margrethe Aase Schaufel. "Advance care planning in life-threatening pulmonary disease: a focus group study". ERJ Open Research 4, n.º 2 (abril de 2018): 00101–2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00101-2017.
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Advance care planning (ACP) is a communication process for mapping a patient's wishes and priorities for end-of-life care. In preparation for the introduction of ACP in Norway, we wanted to explore the views of Norwegian pulmonary patients on ACP.We conducted four focus group interviews in a Norwegian teaching hospital, with a sample of 13 patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer or lung fibrosis. Analysis was by systematic text condensation.Participants' primary need facing end-of-life communication was “the comforting safety”, implying support, information and transparency, with four underlying themes: 1) provide good team players; 2) offer conversations with basic information; 3) seize the turning point; and 4) balance transparency. Good team players were skilled communicators knowledgeable about treatment and the last phase of life. Patients preferred dialogues at the time of diagnosis and at different “turning points” in the disease trajectory and being asked carefully about their needs for communication and planning. Transparency was important, but difficult to balance.ACP for patients with life-threatening pulmonary disease should rest upon an established patient–doctor/nurse relationship and awareness of turning points in the patient's disease progression. Individually requested and tailored information can support and empower patients and their relatives.
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Woolfson, Richard y Michael Harker. "Consulting with children and young people: Young people’s views of a psychological service". Educational and Child Psychology 25, n.º 4 (2008): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2008.25.4.85.
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In line with current views on consulting with children and as part of the best value review of the Renfrewshire Psychological Service, eight young people (aged 12–15 years) consented to take part in a focus group in order to explore their views of the service. Each of the participants had recent contact with an educational psychologist. The focus group discussion centred around established performance indicators used to assess the quality of service provided to children and young people by a psychological service. The results of the focus group deliberations demonstrated that Renfrewshire Psychological Service complies with all established performance indicators, with the exception of providing satisfactory written explanatory leaflets for young people. In addition, the young people taking part in the focus group suggested possible new directions for the psychological service, including a walk-in self-referring facility located in secondary schools, and access to written reports. The value of this methodology as a means for consulting with children is discussed.
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Woolfson, Richard C. y Michael E. Harker. "Consulting with children and young people:Young people’s views of a Psychological Service". Educational and Child Psychology 19, n.º 4 (2002): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2002.19.4.35.
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AbstractIn line with current views on consulting with children and as part of the best value review of the Renfrewshire Psychological Service, eight young people (aged 12-15 years) consented to take part in a focus group in order to explore their views of the service. Each of the participants had recent contact with an educational psychologist. The focus group discussion centred around established performance indicators used to assess the quality of service provided to children and young people by a Psychological Service. The results of the focus group deliberations demonstrated that the Renfrewshire Psychological Service complies with all established performance indicators, with the exception of providing satisfactory written explanatory leaflets for young people. In addition, the young people taking part in the focus group suggested possible new directions for the Psychological Service, including a walk-in self-referring facility located in secondary schools and access to written reports. The value of this methodology as a means for consulting with children is discussed.
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Iwahashi, S., M. Shimada, T. Utsunomiya, S. Imura, Y. Morine, T. Ikemoto, H. Mori, J. Hanaoka y Y. Saito. "Effect of a histone deacetylase inhibitor on antitumor effect of gemcitabine to focus the gene network of ingenuity pathways analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, n.º 4_suppl (1 de febrero de 2011): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.230.
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230 Background: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is strongly associated with epigenetic regulation and carcinogenesis, and its inhibitors induce the differentiation or apoptosis of cancer cells. Valproic acid (VPA) is one of the clinically available HDAC inhibitors. We previously showed that VPA augmented antitumor effect of GEM in choalngiocarcinoma cell line (2010 GI Symposium); this time, we performed microarray analysis and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) to identify the systematic mechanism of the augmentative effect of VPA. Methods: Human cholangiocarcinoma cell line (HuCCT1) was used. The anticancer effects of VPA or gemcitabine (GEM), and the effects of VPA combined with GEM were studied by MTT assay. We divided the following four groups: control group, VPA group, GEM group, VPA plus GEM combination group. The gene expressions of p21, HDAC, VEGF, and HIF-1 were evaluated by RT-PCR. And, the microarray analysis was performed, the genes were picked up using Gene Spring GX10, and then IPA was performed. Results: In GEM alone group, no effect of GEM was observed in dose of 5 mm, and 16% of proliferation-inhibitory effects were observed in dose of 10 nm. In VPA alone group, no effect of VPA was observed in dose of 0.5 mm, and 12%, 35%, and 67% of proliferation-inhibitory effects were observed in dose of 1.0, 5.0, and 10mm, respectively. GEM (5 nm) and VPA (0.5 mm) reduced by 23%, which significantly augmented the anticancer effect of GEM alone or VPA alone (p<0.01). Furthermore, GEM combined with VPA upregulated the p21 expression compared with single agent (p<0.05). And, in regard to microarray analysis, we analyzed in 28,869 genes. The 24 genes were picked up with the comparison between VPA group and VPA plus GEM combination group using Gene Spring GX10, and the gene network of the cellular development containing the gene relevant to the differentiation of cancer cell, HLA-DR, was formed with IPA. Conclusions: VPA augmented the effects of anticancer agents in a cholangiocarcinoma cell line. Such effects may be owing to the gene network of the cellular development. HDAC inhibitor may have the effect of the differentiation of cancer cell. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Kurzer, Amalie B., Rose Bechtel y Jean-Xavier Guinard. "Adult and Child Focus Group Views of Oranges and Mandarins". HortTechnology 29, n.º 4 (agosto de 2019): 408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04320-19.
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To identify factors that may reduce mandarin (Citrus reticulata) and orange (Citrus sinensis) consumer acceptance and to acquire information on current consumer thoughts and perceptions, a series of eight focus groups were held in a college town in northern California: four with children and four with adults. Adults mentioned cost proportionately more (P ≤ 0.05) often than children, as well as farm to fork, purchasing preferences, and seasonality. Children mentioned eating preferences, social use, and healthiness more often (P ≤ 0.05). Flavor and taste were important to both age groups, as well as ease of peeling. Both ages viewed oranges as slightly too large and messier than mandarins. Adults felt frustration that oranges and mandarins lack flavor and that quality is not consistent. Many indicated they would be willing to pay more for consistent quality. Children reported relying on availability, appearance, and the basic tastes to guide their choices and did not express a clear preference between mandarins and oranges. Development of a fruit intermediate in size between an orange and a mandarin, either a small orange or a large mandarin, would potentially satisfy an untapped area of the market. Other potential areas of consumer interest are in fruits with edible peels, like kumquats (Citrus japonica) and in more unique, identifiable varieties such as Cara Cara oranges.
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Damci, Aysun, Janneke G. J. Hoeijmakers, Jeroen de Jong, Catharina G. Faber, Maria A. C. de Mooij, Jeanine A. M. C. F. Verbunt y Mariëlle E. J. B. Goossens. "Living with small fiber neuropathy: insights from qualitative focus group interviews". Journal of International Medical Research 50, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2022): 030006052211324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605221132463.
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Objective Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is characterized by chronic neuropathic pain and autonomic dysfunction. Currently, symptomatic pharmacological treatment is often insufficient and frequently causes side effects. SFN patients have a reduced quality of life. However, little is known regarding whether psycho-social variables influence the development and maintenance of SFN-related disability and complaints. Additional knowledge may have consequences for the treatment of SFN. For example, factors such as thinking, feeling, and behavior are known to play roles in other chronic pain conditions. The aim of this study was to obtain further in-depth information about the experience of living with SFN and related chronic pain. Methods Fifteen participants with idiopathic SFN participated in a prospective, semi-structured, qualitative, focus group interview study. The focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed cyclically after each interview. Results The following main themes were identified: “pain appraisal”, “coping”, “social, work, and health environment”, and “change in identity”. Catastrophic thoughts and negative emotions were observed. Living with SFN resulted in daily limitations and reduced quality of life. Conclusions Given the results, it can be concluded that an optimal treatment should include biological, psychological, and social components.
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Ridgeway, Jennifer L., Monica Albertie, Elizabeth Pantoja, Darin Prescott, Xuan Zhu y Carmen Radecki Breitkopf. "Understanding Diverse Perspectives on Genetic Research Through Focus Group Talk". International Journal of Qualitative Methods 18 (1 de enero de 2019): 160940691989247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406919892476.
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While genetic research (GR) is fueling discoveries in fields like precision medicine, there is a growing concern that underrepresentation of racial and ethnic populations in GR will limit access to its benefits and subsequently worsen health disparities. This study aimed to understand GR perceptions among members from underrepresented communities by studying discourse and language use in focus group discussions. Nine focus groups were conducted with adults from three populations: African American, Hispanic/Latino, and Native American; 53 women and 15 men participated. Data were analyzed using methods of discourse and content analysis. Discourse analysis highlighted how conceptualization of science and family—rooted in historical experiences—can influence views on GR risks and benefits to self and others. The use of focus group discourse in particular provided an opportunity for group sense making around the science and ethics of GR. Content analysis highlighted differences between the language use of focus group moderators, who spoke about scientific discovery and research oversight, and that of participants, whose talk highlighted ancestral bloodline, personal risk, and ethical concerns. The findings can inform efforts to bolster GR participation, including recruitment and educational campaigns. However, they also challenge researchers to consider areas of discordance between their own and community members’ conceptualization of the risks and benefits of GR participation, including the notion of future and family benefit.
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Sutton, Jeannette y Chelsea Woods. "Tsunami Warning Message Interpretation and Sense Making: Focus Group Insights". Weather, Climate, and Society 8, n.º 4 (20 de septiembre de 2016): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-15-0067.1.
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Abstract Hazard warning messages are intended to shift people from a sense of safety to a sense of risk, while providing guidance for protective action. Message features, such as the content elements that are included and the style in which a message is written or delivered, can strengthen or weaken a recipient’s ability to make sense of and act on the message. Under conditions of heightened uncertainty or imminent threat the strategies that people apply to interpret warning messages may make a difference in the protective actions that they choose to take. Importantly, when a hazard is unfamiliar and the threat is imminent, adequate mental models and clearly articulated messages become vital to one’s ability to make decisions about life safety. To better understand the message interpretation and the effects of message sense making on individual risk information processing, this article assesses warnings for an infrequently experienced threat: tsunamis. Using data from four focus groups this research finds that individuals engage in interpretive sense making activities by making comparisons to media accounts of tsunamis and drawing from personal experience with waves and with warnings for other hazards, particularly tornadoes. The analysis presents three primary insights: 1) hazard warning messages must be designed for the end user in mind, including those who are unfamiliar with the hazard; 2) clear and specific information helps to personalize the threat and to reduce anxiety; and 3) message receivers draw from personal and vicarious experiences to assist in message sense making, highlighting the need for consistent language across hazard warnings.
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Klymenko, Lina. "“My Grandparents Are Separatists”: How Young Ukrainians Perceive Their National Community". East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 7, n.º 2 (26 de octubre de 2020): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21226/ewjus614.
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Based on focus group discussions with young people in Ukraine, this article analyzes how young Ukrainians conceptualize their national community. The understanding of nationalism in the study rests upon the concept of a discursive formation of a nation. In line with this concept, nationalism is viewed as a certain mode of discourse that reflects citizens’ interpretations of who constitutes a nation. The analysis of the focus group discussions reveals how young Ukrainians perceive the Ukrainian nation in terms of a community with a specific socio-political order, culture, and mentality.
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Cunha, Tony Ely de Oliveira, Soraia Dornelles Schoeller, Maria Manuela Ferreira Pereira da Silva Martins, Deisimeri Francisca Alves, Caroline Porcelis Vargas, Milena Amorim Zuchetto, Cristine Moraes Roos et al. "Rehabilitation: collective construction of a concept in a focus group". F1000Research 12 (1 de febrero de 2023): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.129073.1.
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Background: Human dimensions are transversal to the concepts of health rehabilitation, since they motivate care actions. The aim of this study was to understand rehabilitation from the collective discernment of a multidisciplinary group. Methods: This was participatory research that used a qualitative approach combined with brainstorming and conceptual mapping techniques, in a focus group of a team of researchers from the Laboratory of Research, Teaching, Extension and Technology in Health, Nursing and Rehabilitation of a Federal University in Brazil, with data publication authorised by the participants. Participants were 92% women and 8% men aged between 25 and 62 and who were members of the research group. The thematic analysis occurred from the semantics of words and associated connectors. Results: Actions in structured levels were found in the collective understanding of rehabilitation, which enabled the formation of a theoretical care design. The first level presented love, hope, respect, empathy, understanding, esteem, and self-determination. The second level included the pillars of the (re)habilitation process: praxis, intersubjectivity, and comfortable living as a product. The third level showed the dimensions of the person as a whole: spirituality, (re)signification of the meanings of life, functionality of biophysical structures, and biopsychosocial (re)construction — the environment where the dynamic constitution of identity is internalised. The fourth level was the environment where actors move and transform (becoming), where diversity is manifested and the uniqueness of the person is acknowledged. Conclusions: Rehabilitation is a (co)constructed process based on human attributes that facilitate or may not facilitate transformation. It implies rebuilding of the process of living, with the diversity of each person. Its actions are based on love, solidarity, and respect for mutual rights. The concept of rehabilitation can support the operationalisation of research and interdisciplinary care in a multidisciplinary team.
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Halaweh, Hadeel, Synneve Dahlin-Ivanoff, Ulla Svantesson y Carin Willén. "Perspectives of Older Adults on Aging Well: A Focus Group Study". Journal of Aging Research 2018 (4 de noviembre de 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9858252.
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Background. With increasing number of older adults worldwide, promoting health and well-being becomes a priority for aging well. Well-being and physical and mental health are closely related, and this relation may become more vital at older ages as it may contribute to aging well. The state of well-being is a multifaceted phenomenon that refers to an individual’s subjective feelings, and exploring perspectives of older adults on aging well is developing to be an important area of research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore perceptions on aging well among older adult Palestinians ≥60 years. Methods. A qualitative research design in the context of focus group discussions was used; seven focus groups were conducted including fifty-six participants (aged 63–81 years). Data were analyzed using a qualitative interpretative thematic approach described by Braun and Clarke. Results. Three major themes were identified, “sense of well-being,” “having good physical health,” and “preserving good mental health.” The participants perceived that aging well is influenced by positive feelings such as being joyous, staying independent, having a life purpose, self-possessed contentment, and financially secured, in addition to be socially engaged and enjoying good physical and mental health. Conclusion. This study contributes to get a better insight concerning older adults’ perspectives on aging well. Enhancing physically active lifestyle, participation in social and leisure activities, healthy eating habits, having a purpose in life, and being intellectually engaged are all contributing factors to aging well. Vital factors are to be considered in developing strategic health and rehabilitative plans for promoting aging well among older adults.
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Zacharia, Balaji, Puneeth Katapadi Pai y Manu Paul. "Focus Group Discussion as a Tool to Assess Patient-Based Outcomes, Practical Tips for Conducting Focus Group Discussion for Medical Students—Learning With an Example". Journal of Patient Experience 8 (1 de enero de 2021): 237437352110342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23743735211034276.
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Patient-based outcomes (patient-reported outcomes) of any intervention can change according to factors like age, gender, region, culture, education, and socioeconomic status. Most of the available outcome measuring tools have a surgeon-related bias. Focus group discussion (FGD) is a simple and effective way to assess the outcome of an intervention. In FGD, people from similar backgrounds and experiences discuss a specific topic of interest. Our objective is to discuss the problems of common outcome measuring tools for patient satisfaction and to understand the method of conducting an FGD. We have set our own published article on patient-based outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) as an example for explaining the method of conducting an FGD. The planning, advantages, disadvantages, practicalities, and problems of conducting an FGD are explained. In conclusion, many of the tools used for assessing patient satisfaction is surgeon-centered. Focus group discussion is simple, cost-effective, requiring a small number of participants, and can be completed in a short period. It is an effective tool for assessing patient-based outcomes in TKA.
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Lehto, Rebecca H., Carrie Heeter, Jeffrey Forman, Tait Shanafelt, Arif Kamal, Patrick Miller y Michael Paletta. "Hospice Employees’ Perceptions of Their Work Environment: A Focus Group Perspective". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 17 (24 de agosto de 2020): 6147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176147.
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Burnout in healthcare professionals can lead to adverse effects on physical and mental health, lower quality of care, and workforce shortages as employees leave the profession. Hospice professionals are thought to be at particularly high risk for burnout. The purpose of the study was to evaluate workplace perceptions of interdisciplinary hospice care workers who provide care to patients at end of life. Six focus groups and one semi-structured interview were conducted with mixed group of social workers, managers, nurses, hospice aides, chaplains, support staff, and a physician (n = 19). Findings from the groups depicted both rewards and challenges of hospice caregiving. Benefits included intrinsic satisfaction from the work, receiving positive patient and family feedback, and teamwork. Challenges reflected issues with workload, technology issues, administrative demands, travel-related problems, communication and interruptions, difficulties with taking time off from work and maintaining work-life integration, and coping with witnessing grief/loss. Hospice workers glean satisfaction from making meaningful differences in the lives of patients with terminal illness and their family members. It is an expected part of the job that certain patients and situations are particularly distressing; team support and targeted grief support is available for those times. Participants indicated that workload and administrative demands rather than dealing with death and dying were the biggest contributors to burnout. Participants reported episodic symptoms of burnout followed by deliberate steps to alleviate these symptoms. Notably, for all except one of the participants, burnout was cyclical. Symptoms would begin, they would take steps to deal with it (e.g., taking a mental health day), and they recovered. At an organizational level, a multipronged approach that includes both personal and occupational strategies is needed to support professional caregivers and help mitigate the stressors associated with hospice work.
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Ganapathy, Meena, Vandana Palsane y Shailaja Mathews. "Lived Experiences of Graduating Nursing Students: A Phenomenological Focus Group Study". Nursing Journal of India CXI, n.º 01 (2020): 03–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.48029/nji.2020.cxi101.
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Student nurses enter nursing as a novice with limited understanding of the profession; they learn skills in their four years. For all of them nursing education is a life transforming. The researchers were keen to understand the experiences associated with this transformation. Phenomenological focus group techniques with audio- and video-taped interviews were used to collect the data. The early counselling and guidance, constant mentoring by the same teachers in theory and practical learning and constant positive motivation, a generous amount of exposure to extra-curricular activities and strict student status have contributed to their positive outlook for future professional nursing. This study provides insights in understanding the experiences of student nurses and helps the nursing institutes to enhance positive experiences in their students.
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Lees, Faith D., Phillip G. Clark, Claudio R. Nigg y Phillip Newman. "Barriers to Exercise Behavior among Older Adults: A Focus-Group Study". Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 13, n.º 1 (enero de 2005): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.13.1.23.
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Longer life expectancy, rapid population growth, and low exercise-participation rates of adults 65 and older justify the need for better understanding of older adults’ exercise behavior. The objectives of this focus-group study were to determine barriers to the exercise behavior of older adults. Six focus groups, three with exercisers and three with nonexercisers, were conducted at various sites throughout Rhode Island. The majority (n = 57) of the 66 individuals who participated were women, and all stated that they were 65 and older. Results from the focus-group data identified 13 barriers to exercise behavior. The most significant barriers mentioned by nonexercisers were fear of falling, inertia, and negative affect. Exercisers identified inertia, time constraints, and physical ailments as being the most significant barriers to exercise. Implications from these focus-group data can be useful in the development of exercise interventions for older adults, which could increase exercise participation.
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Wilk, Christa, Ashlee Cordell, Silvia Orsulic-Jeras, Sara Powers, Farida Ejaz y Lisbeth Sanders. "Using Life Story Techniques with Diverse Communities: Lessons Learned from a Focus Group Study". Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (1 de diciembre de 2021): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3068.
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Abstract Providing high quality, cost-effective dementia care remains a major health challenge. Life story work, used in residential care settings, helps engage persons living with dementia (PWD) at a low cost with minimal staff burden. LifeBio, one such intervention, is designed to elicit life history data and care preference information through comprehensive life story interviews. LifeBio Memory, an adaptation of LifeBio, utilizes novel speech-to-text technology to process life story data more efficiently. Seven focus groups were conducted to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of LifeBio Memory. Three types of focus groups were held (n=35) and audio recorded: 1) One group of early-stage PWDs (n=5); 2) Two groups of current and former users of original LifeBio (n = 12); and 3) Four groups of residential care staff and directors (n=18). Sessions were transcribed and thematic analyses were conducted. Findings indicated high levels of acceptability and feasibility of LifeBio Memory. Further, a secondary theme emerged signaling the need to prioritize the emotional safety of PWDs participating in life story work. This poster will discuss: 1) the life story interview process, 2) identifying PWDs who would most benefit from a life story program, 3) involving family and staff care partners to identify sensitive topics, 4) interview question design, selection and order, and 5) expanding life story work across diverse communities. Discussion will highlight the importance of protecting the emotional well-being of marginalized communities by identifying potential underlying traumas that could impact the safe delivery of otherwise effective life story interventions.