Artículos de revistas: "Fluctuation de tension"

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SCHMID, FRIEDERIKE. "FLUCTUATIONS IN LIPID BILAYERS: ARE THEY UNDERSTOOD?" Biophysical Reviews and Letters 08, n.º 01n02 (junio de 2013): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793048012300113.

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We review recent computer simulation studies of undulating lipid bilayers. Theoretical interpretations of such fluctuating membranes are most commonly based on generalized Helfrich-type elastic models, with additional contributions of local "protrusions" and/or density fluctuations. Such models provide an excellent basis for describing the fluctuations of tensionless bilayers in the fluid Lαphase at a quantitative level.However, this description is found to fail for membranes in the gel phase and for membranes subject to high tensions. The fluctuations of tilted gel membranes (Lβ′phase) show a signature of the modulated ripple structure Pβ′, which is a nearby phase observed in the pretransition regime between the Lαand Lβ′state. This complicates a quantitative analysis on mesoscopic length scales. In the case of fluid membranes under tension, the large-wavelength fluctuation modes are found to be significantly softer than predicted by theory.In the latter context, we also address the general problem of the relation between frame tension and the fluctuation tension, which has been discussed somewhat controversially in recent years. Simulations of very simple model membranes with fixed area show that the fluctuations should be controlled by the frame tension, and not by the internal tension.

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Shiba, Hayato, Hiroshi Noguchi y Jean-Baptiste Fournier. "Monte Carlo study of the frame, fluctuation and internal tensions of fluctuating membranes with fixed area". Soft Matter 12, n.º 8 (2016): 2373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01900a.

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Three types of surface tensions are investigated for lipid membranes using a lattice Monte Carlo simulation: the internal tension,σ, conjugated to the real membrane area, the mechanical frame tension,τ, conjugated to the projected area, and the “fluctuation tension”,r, obtained from the height fluctuation spectrum.

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Chen, Xiaohang y Weiwei Ye. "Analysis of Factors Affecting Strand Tension in Cable-Twisting Equipment and Method for Equilibrated Control". Applied Sciences 13, n.º 8 (7 de abril de 2023): 4690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13084690.

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To address the issue of tension fluctuations and deviations among the strands during cable-twisting production, it is necessary to establish a relationship model between the centrifugal force, frictional force, and tension experienced by each strand in a single span range under the state of traveling and rotating. Considering the differences of strand alignment at the distribution reel, the effects of centrifugal force and friction on strand tension under different twisting-deflection paths and cylinder-traveling paths should be analyzed. In our study, different stress states of each strand were applied to simulate and verify the tension fluctuations and deviations of every strand under various traveling and deflection paths. The experimental results show that the increasing travel path of the strand cylinder will cause an increase in the average strand tension. Different deflection paths in the distribution reel will affect the range of the strand tension fluctuation. A sliding mode controller based on a discrete system was designed in MATLAB to control the tension fluctuation and deviation among the strands. The results indicated that this control method can effectively reduce the tension deviation between strands, and the average tension fluctuation range of each strand was reduced by 79.5%.

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Zhao, Hai Xia y Ting Chu. "Analysis of Working Characteristics of Coreless Disc Tensioner in Winding Machine". Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (septiembre de 2013): 1446–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.1446.

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The paper introduces the structure and working principle of coreless disc tensioner, using Euler tension formula to calculate the output tension, analyzing the yarn diameterin ideal and actual situations and getting amplification characteristics of the disc tensioner against tension fluctuation. It is found that the tension disc will not expand the tension fluctuation amplitude in ideal condition, and its own performance has certain compensation for the tension fluctuation, which provides a the oretical basis for the design of the coreless disc tensioner and its wide application.

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5

Joachimi, B., F. Köhlinger, W. Handley y P. Lemos. "When tension is just a fluctuation". Astronomy & Astrophysics 647 (marzo de 2021): L5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039560.

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Summary statistics of likelihood, such as Bayesian evidence, offer a principled way of comparing models and assessing tension between, or within, the results of physical experiments. Noisy realisations of the data induce scatter in these model comparison statistics. For a realistic case of cosmological inference from large-scale structure, we show that the logarithm of the Bayes factor attains scatter of order unity, increasing significantly with stronger tension between the models under comparison. We develop an approximate procedure that quantifies the sampling distribution of the evidence at a small additional computational cost and apply it to real data to demonstrate the impact of the scatter, which acts to reduce the significance of any model discrepancies. Data compression is highlighted as a potential avenue to suppressing noise in the evidence to negligible levels, with a proof of concept demonstrated using Planck cosmic microwave background data.

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PRIVMAN, VLADIMIR. "FLUCTUATING INTERFACES, SURFACE TENSION, AND CAPILLARY WAVES: AN INTRODUCTION". International Journal of Modern Physics C 03, n.º 05 (octubre de 1992): 857–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183192000531.

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We present an introduction to modern theories of interfacial fluctuations and the associated interfacial parameters: surface tension and surface stiffness, as well as their interpretation within the capillary wave model. Transfer matrix spectrum properties due to fluctuation of an interface in a long-cylinder geometry are reviewed. The roughening transition and properties of rigid interfaces below the roughening temperature in 3d lattice models are surveyed with emphasis on differences in fluctuations and transfer matrix spectral properties of rigid vs. rough interfaces.

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Li, Yan, Zhe Che, Chenggan Zheng, Zhi Li, Han Wang, Liang Cheng y Junxia Jiang. "Modeling of Precise Tension with Passive Dancers for Automated Fiber Placement". Actuators 13, n.º 2 (12 de febrero de 2024): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act13020070.

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This paper modeled the tension fluctuation during automated fiber placement (AFP), which depicted the tension variations under different operating conditions. The stability and validity of the model were demonstrated using Bode plots and experiments, respectively. According to the model, the tension fluctuations of AFP at different stages were obtained. Additionally, the passive dancer parameters with the better system performance were determined using the evaluation methodology presented in this paper. Moreover, it was discovered that the damping coefficient affects the tension variation more significantly than the elasticity coefficient. Finally, the placement experiments showed that the determined passive dancer parameters improved the laying quality significantly.

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INDEKEU, J. O. "LINE TENSION AT WETTING". International Journal of Modern Physics B 08, n.º 03 (30 de enero de 1994): 309–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979294000129.

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A review is presented of recent theoretical advances on a fundamental problem in statistical mechanics that concerns the three-phase contact line ℒ and its tension τ near a wetting phase transition. In addition to answering the intriguing question whether or not ℒ and τ vanish at wetting, recent work has also revealed that τ displays universal singular behavior, reflecting critical phenomena associated with the wetting transition. Three factors are crucial for determining the fate of ℒ and τ at wetting: the order of the wetting transition, the range of the intermolecular forces, and the upper critical dimension du, above which mean-field theory holds and below which fluctuations dominate. For most systems studied experimentally, du < 3, so that the mean-field predictions should be correct in d = 3. In the thermal fluctuation regime, for d < du, hyperscaling predicts the value 2(d – 2)/(d – 1) for the critical exponent of τ(θ), in the limit that the contact angle θ approaches 0.

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9

Tojo, Naoki, Mitsuya Otsuka y Atsushi Hayashi. "Comparison of intraocular pressure fluctuation before and after cataract surgeries in normal-tension glaucoma patients". European Journal of Ophthalmology 29, n.º 5 (26 de septiembre de 2018): 516–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120672118801163.

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Purpose: Cataract surgeries have been shown to reduce intraocular pressure. We used a Sensimed Triggerfish® contact lens sensor to compare intraocular pressure levels and their fluctuation between before and after cataract surgeries in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. Methods: This was a prospective open-label study. Thirteen patients with normal-tension glaucoma were included. All patients underwent a 1-month washout and discontinued glaucoma medications during this study. In each eye, intraocular pressure fluctuations over 24 h were measured with the contact lens sensor before and at 3 months after the cataract surgery. We compared intraocular pressure levels and their fluctuation between before and after cataract surgeries. We used two approaches to evaluate the amplitude of intraocular pressure fluctuations: dual-harmonic regression analysis, and measurement of the difference between the maximum and the minimum value. Results: The mean pre-operative intraocular pressure was 14.7 ± 2.2 mm Hg and mean post-operative intraocular pressure was 11.4 ± 2.2 mm Hg. Cataract surgery significantly decreased intraocular pressure (p = 0.0005). In both methods, the post-operative fluctuations in intraocular pressure over 24 h were significantly smaller than their pre-operative counterparts (dual-harmonic regression analysis: p = 0.0171; difference between the maximum and the minimum: p = 0.0398). Conclusion: Cataract surgery decreased both intraocular pressure values and intraocular pressure fluctuations in normal-tension glaucoma patients.

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Chen, Hong Ren y Yi Yong Yao. "The Method of Tension Control with Gravity Balance". Applied Mechanics and Materials 590 (junio de 2014): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.590.3.

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Carbon fiber is a fiber material, so the tension must be kept constant in the placement process. The attitude of carbon fiber placement head will change with the change of a placement path. Focusing on the problem of tension fluctuation caused by the attitude of carbon fiber placement head, gravity balance characteristic of symmetrical objects is adopted to propose a tension control method for eliminating the tension fluctuation and tension measuring error caused by gravity. In this way, the tension is kept constant depending on tension feedback control. Mathematical model and theoretical analysis show that the tension control method with gravity balance can eliminate the gravity influence on tension and make the tension keep constant.

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TOMISAEA, Masao, Yoichi KIKUYAMA, Hiroaki MORISHITA y Jun ARAMAKI. "Tension fluctuation control of wire transport systems." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 56, n.º 529 (1990): 2414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.56.2414.

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12

Hu, Li Yong, Di Zheng, Jian Ming Zhan y Yi Min Deng. "Influence Factor Analysis for Tension Control Based on MRF Damper". Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (noviembre de 2010): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.529.

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Tension control is widely used in industrial production. This paper gives one tension control method using MRF damper as the actuator. The principle of the tension generation is introduced. Through analysis and numerical simulation, the main influence factor of tension changing is obtained. The result of simulation shows that the influence factor of the tension includes the excitation electric current of the MRF damper, the radius of a wheel, rotate speed, the fluctuation of the rotate, etc. These factors present strongly nonlinearity. Through controlling the excitation electric current of MRF damper, the fluctuation of tension can be controlled to decrease.

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13

Ariaratnam, S. T. y S. F. Asokanthan. "Torsional Oscillations in Moving Bands". Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 110, n.º 3 (1 de julio de 1988): 350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3269524.

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The torsional vibration of moving bands subject to harmonic tension fluctuation is investigated. A thin rectangular strip translating longitudinally with a constant speed and simply supported at its end is considered. The linearized equation of motion, when suitably discretized, represents a linear gyroscopic system with periodically varying stiffness. The stability of the trivial solution of this system of equations, for tension fluctuations of small amplitude, is examined using the method of averaging. Analytic conditions for stability of torsional motion are obtained explicitly and shown graphically in the frequency vs excitation parameter space.

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14

Hopf, Susanne, Irene Schmidtmann, Norbert Pfeiffer y Esther Maria Hoffmann. "Impact of intraocular pressure fluctuations on progression of normal tension glaucoma". International Journal of Ophthalmology 14, n.º 10 (18 de octubre de 2021): 1553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2021.10.12.

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AIM: To investigate short- and long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations and further ocular and demographic parameters as predictors for normal tension glaucoma (NTG) progression. METHODS: This retrospective, longitudinal cohort study included 137 eyes of 75 patients with NTG, defined by glaucomatous optic disc or visual field defect with normal IOP (<21 mm Hg), independently from therapy regimen. IOP fluctuation, mean, and maximum were inspected with a mean follow-up of 38mo [standard deviation (SD) 18mo]. Inclusion criteria were the performance of minimum two 48-hour profiles including perimetry, Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) imaging, and optic disc photographs. The impact of IOP parameters, myopia, sex, cup-to-disc-ratio, and visual field results on progression of NTG were analyzed using Cox regression models. A sub-group analysis with results from optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed. RESULTS: IOP fluctuations, average, and maximum were not risk factors for progression in NTG patients, although maximum IOP at the initial IOP profile was higher in eyes with progression than in eyes without progression (P=0.054). The 46/137 (33.5%) eyes progressed over the follow-up period. Overall progression (at least three progression confirmations) occurred in 28/137 eyes (20.4%). Most progressions were detected by perimetry (36/46). Long-term IOP mean over all pressure profiles was 12.8 mm Hg (SD 1.3 mm Hg); IOP fluctuation was 1.4 mm Hg (SD 0.8 mm Hg). The progression-free five-year rate was 58.2% (SD 6.5%). CONCLUSION: Short- and long-term IOP fluctuations do not result in progression of NTG. As functional changes are most likely to happen, NTG should be monitored with visual field testing more often than with other devices.

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Ariaratnam, S. T. y S. F. Asokanthan. "Instabilities In Moving Bands Under Random Tension Fluctuation". Journal of Sound and Vibration 167, n.º 3 (noviembre de 1993): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.1993.1346.

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Zhou, Qixun, Hao Gong, Guanghui Du, Yingxing Zhang y Hucheng He. "Distributed Permanent Magnet Direct-Drive Belt Conveyor System and Its Control Strategy". Energies 15, n.º 22 (19 de noviembre de 2022): 8699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228699.

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The long-distance traditional belt conveyor driven by a single high-power motor has the problems of excessive tension increments and sharp fluctuations in speed and tension. This paper designs a distributed permanent magnet direct drive belt conveyor system. The dynamic model of the conveyor belt unit and the permanent magnet motor is analyzed. The multi-motor ring coupling control strategy and the double sliding film direct torque control strategy of the belt conveyor system are formulated. The mechanical-electrical coupling dynamic model of the belt conveyor system is built. Using MATLAB/Simulink modeling and simulation, the vector control strategy and electromechanical coupling dynamic behavior of the traditional belt conveyor system and the distributed permanent magnet direct drive belt conveyor system under light load start-up and local variable load operation conditions are studied. The results show that: the distributed permanent magnet direct drive belt conveyor system significantly reduces the peak of conveyor belt tension increment; the time spent under the starting light-load operation condition is shorter, and the fluctuation amplitude of speed and tension is smaller; it is possible to reduce the speed and tension fluctuation range of the conveying system and improve the robustness of the conveying system under local variable load conditions. Experiments have verified that increasing the number of drive motors in a conventional belt conveyor can suppress the disturbance caused by local load changes, and the distributed permanent magnet direct-drive belt conveyor has better dynamic regulation performance.

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Fang-Chen, Yin y Shi Hong-Wei. "Gauge-Looper integrated optimal control for hot strip finishing mills based on sliding mode control". Metallurgical Research & Technology 118, n.º 4 (2021): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021056.

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Gauge-Looper and tension are controlled independently in the conventional control strategies, which are not able to deal with the external disturbance. Many researchers have proposed and applied a variety of control schemes for this problem, but the increasingly strict market demand for strip quality requires further improvements. This work describes a sliding mode control (SMC) strategy that realizes the optimal control of a automatic Gauge control and Looper control integrated system. Firstly, a state-space model of Gauge-Looper integrated system was established based on a 1700 mm tandem hot mill. Then, In order to achieve the desired dynamical performance of Gauge-Looper integrated system, the sliding mode surface and control law of SMC controller was designed. Simulation experiments for a traditional PID controller and the proposed SMC controller were conducted using MATLAB/Simulink software. The simulation results show that when the system is disturbed, the traditional controller produces a Gauge fluctuation of 0.136 mm and tension fluctuation of 1.177 MPa, which is unacceptable in hot strip mills. The SMC controller restricts the Gauge fluctuation to less than 0.047 mm, and the tension fluctuation is less than 0.382 MPa in all cases.

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Pajic, Bojan, Brigitte Pajic-Eggspuchler y Ivan Haefliger. "Continuous IOP Fluctuation Recording in Normal Tension Glaucoma Patients". Current Eye Research 36, n.º 12 (6 de octubre de 2011): 1129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02713683.2011.608240.

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Yoshida, K., S. Kawabata y J. Hasegawa. "Tension Fluctuation of Weft Yarn in Air Jet Loom". Sen'i Kikai Gakkaishi (Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan) 40, n.º 10 (1987): T99—T108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.40.10_t99.

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Pan, Jun, Xiao Yun Wang, Wen Hua Chen, Shi Wei Xu, Hong Bin Shen, Kun Ren y Miao Miao Zhang. "Electronic Tension Control of High-Speed and Active Sending Line Based on Fuzzy PID Control". Advanced Materials Research 338 (septiembre de 2011): 677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.338.677.

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In the case of small diameter( 10000 r/min)winding, high-speed initiative electronic tension control for sending line was designed to solve the problem that the winding motor speed changes at the start and down state and increasing the size of the coil wound level lead to tension fluctuation. The structure, working principle and the factors that affect the tension fluctuation were discussed in detail. The transfer function of this system was deduced, and the Fuzzy PID control algorithm was also introduced to the system. The model of the Fuzzy PID control algorithm and the conventional PID control algorithm were established using MATLAB/SIMULINK tool, The simulation results show that the fuzzy PID control is better than the conventional PID control in improving the dynamic response of the tension controller, furthermore, the control precision and in terms of robustness is showed.

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Zhao, Kaijie, Sheng Zeng y Liangliang Zhao. "Research on Tension Control System of Reciprocating Winding". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2160, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2022): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2160/1/012080.

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Abstract When the enameled wire is winded onto the poles of the motor stator or rotor, the winding quality hugely relies on the control precision of the tension. Therefore, it is necessary to control the tension of the enameled wire in winding process. A tension control system is built with single chip microcomputer, the encoder and the servo motor. The PID feedback controller and feedforward controller are combined to form feedforward feedback controller, which using feedback information of swing angle deviation and feedforward information of wire frame position to adjust the pay off speed dynamically and control tension of enameled wire further. A procedural experimental modelling method is discussed in order to identify the feedforward model. The experiment is performed, it is found that in the typical situation of setting tension 1500 g, the tension fluctuation rate of the PID controller with feedforward model is only 2%, which is far better than that of pure PID controller with a fluctuation rate of 14%. The result shows that the proposed experimental modelling method hosts the characteristics of good accuracy, universality and applicability.

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Gueguen, Guillaume, Nicolas Destainville y Manoel Manghi. "Fluctuation tension and shape transition of vesicles: renormalisation calculations and Monte Carlo simulations". Soft Matter 13, n.º 36 (2017): 6100–6117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sm01272a.

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Wang, Pi Wen, Chun Hsien Yang y Mu Tian Yan. "High Stable Mechanism Design for Micro-Wire Transport System in WEDM". Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (febrero de 2011): 1366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.1366.

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A high stable wire transport system of wire-cut electrical discharge machine (WEDM) that can exercise the micro-wire machining is developed in this paper. In the wire transport system, two novel designs are proposed to improve wire tension variation during machining. 1. Active wire feeding unit: a device is used to isolate the inertia of the wire reel from the wire transport system. Hence the inertial loading of the wire can be reduced and the stability is also increased. 2. Multilayer sandwich vibration absorber: the axis of the reel is connected to a damped sandwich beam. When the perturbation occurs, the flexible motion of the beam can absorb the fluctuation of the wire. Then the wire tension can be more stable and better working precision is also achieved. Finally, two mechanisms were implemented on a micro wire-EDM machine to suppress the fluctuation of wire tension. Experimental results show that the variation of wire tension can be significantly reduced from 12.4 gf to 5.5 gf.

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Goncalves, Fauze A., Fernando Henrique R. Amorim, Camila S. Zangalli, Jose Paulo C. Vasconcellos y Vital P. Costa. "Correlation and agreement between the 24-hour diurnal tension curve, the water-drinking test, and the postural-change test in glaucoma patients". Modeling and Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology 1, n.º 3 (19 de junio de 2017): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35119/maio.v1i3.37.

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Aim: To investigate whether the water-drinking test (WDT) and the postural-change test (PCT) can predict the 24-hour diurnal tensional curve (DTC) intraocular pressure (IOP) peak and fluctuation by assessing the correlation and agreement between these three tests in medically treated primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.Methods: 18 POAG patients underwent the DTC, WDT and PCT. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the correlation and agreement between the results, respectively.Results: Mean DTC IOP peak was 18.72 + 4.31 mmHg and mean DTC IOP fluctuation was 7.00 + 2.54 mmHg. The IOP peak was outside office hours in 50% of the subjects. We observed poor correlations between the DTC and WDT fluctuations and the DTC and PCT fluctuations (r=-0.125, P=0.619; r=0.349, P=0.155, respectively). There was a moderate positive correlation between the DTC and WDT peaks (r=0.493, P=0.03) and a strong positive correlation between the DTC and PCT peaks (r=0.722, P<0.001). However, Bland-Altman plots demonstrated poor agreement between the IOP peaks and fluctuations between the 3 tests. WDT and DTC IOP peaks differed by 2 mmHg or more in 56% of the measurements. PCT and DTC IOP peaks showed that 83% of the measurements had differences greater than 2 mmHg.Conclusions: Despite moderate to strong correlations between DCT and WDT peaks and DTC and PCT IOP peaks, the agreement was generally poor, suggesting that they should be used with caution to estimate peak IOP.

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He, Fang, Jia Han y Qiang Wang. "Fuzzy Control with Adjustable Factors in Tension Control System". Advanced Materials Research 902 (febrero de 2014): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.902.201.

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The variable tension control system of strip winding is a nonlinear, strong coupling and time-varying system. Traditional fuzzy controller with fixed control rules cannot obtain the desired control performance of the strip winding system. So the fuzzy control algorithm with adjustable factorαis proposed, and the introduction of adjustable factors can change the fuzzy control rules. The tension fuzzy controller with adjustable factorαis designed, and simulation model of the system is established using Matlab software. The result of simulation shows that tension fluctuation of the tension fuzzy control system with adjustable factor get small, comparing the tension fuzzy control system with adjustable factors with the ordinary tension fuzzy control system. The tension fuzzy control system with adjustable factors has fast system response and strong anti-interference ability.

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Cheng, Hui, Gangyao Zhao, Qi Chen, Zhenghua Guo y Ranyang Zhang. "Research on the Uneven Deformation Law of High Temperature Alloy Large Caliber Ultra-Thin-Walled Tube Parts during Spinning". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2706, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2024): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2706/1/012032.

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Abstract Based on the established spinning forming model of GH 4169 large caliber ultra-thin-walled tube parts, the radial stress-strain, normal stress-strain, and circumferential stress-strain distributions were analyzed through simulation methods. The uneven deformation law of GH 4169 large caliber ultra-thin-walled tube parts during spinning was obtained. The results indicate: With the progress of spinning, the radial stress is presented as tension, the normal stress is presented as compression, and the circumferential stress is presented as tension and compression. Therefore, the distribution of equivalent stress is uneven, leading to different tensile and compressive states of the triaxial principal strains in all directions, resulting in a small amount of fluctuation at the edge of the blank.

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Fukushima, Takashi, Eiji Inoue, Muneshi Mitsuoka, Kunio Sato y Takefumi Oguri. "A simple rubber crawler model for studying fluctuation in crawler tension". Engineering in Agriculture, Environment and Food 11, n.º 3 (julio de 2018): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eaef.2018.02.008.

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Huang, Shih-Kung, Mai Ishii, Yuki Mizuki, Tatukata Kawagoe, Masaki Takeuchi, Eiichi Nomura y Nobuhisa Mizuki. "Circadian Fluctuation Changes in Intraocular Pressure Measured Using a Contact Lens Sensor in Patients with Glaucoma after the Adjunctive Administration of Ripasudil: A Prospective Study". Journal of Personalized Medicine 13, n.º 5 (6 de mayo de 2023): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13050800.

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Nocturnal and circadian intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations are important issues in glaucoma treatment. Ripasudil 0.4% eye drops, a new glaucoma medication, lowers IOP by increasing aqueous humor outflow through the trabecular meshwork. We aimed to compare differences between circadian IOP fluctuations measured using a contact lens sensor (CLS) before and after administering 0.4% ripasudil eye drops adjunctively to patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG). Patients with POAG (n = 1) and NTG (n = 5) underwent 24 h IOP monitoring with a CLS before and after administering ripasudil eye drops every 12 h (8 a.m., 8 p.m.) for 2 weeks without discontinuing currently used glaucoma medications. No vision-threatening adverse event occurred. The reduction in IOP fluctuation and the reduction in the SD of IOP in 24 h, awake time and sleep time did not reach statistical significance. The baseline office-hour IOP, which was measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), ranged in the low teens, and the reduction in office-hour IOP also did not show a significant difference. Further study is necessary to evaluate whether the low baseline IOP with less IOP reduction relates to attenuated IOP fluctuation reduction.

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Konkowski, D. A. y T. M. Helliwell. "Effects of Quantum Fields Outside Cosmic Strings". Symposium - International Astronomical Union 130 (1988): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900136939.

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The space surrounding a long straight cosmic string is flat but conical. The conical topology implies that such a string focuses light rays or particles passing by opposite sides of the string, which can have important astrophysical effects. The flatness, however, implies that the string has no gravitational influence on matter at rest with respect to the string. The flatness is a consequence of the fact that the tension along a cosmic string is equal to its linear mass density μ. There may be physical effects, however, which destroy the equality of tension and mass density, so that straight strings might after all affect matter at rest. One such effect we and others have calculated is the vacuum fluctuations of fields near the strings induced by the conical topology. Such fluctuation s are physically observable but normally small, as in the Casimir effect between parallel plates. We find the vacuum expectation value of the stress - energy tensor of a conformally coupled scalar field around a cosmic string to be in cylindrical coordinates (t, r, θ, z). The equality of Ttt and Tzz means that the effective tension and mass density of the vacuum fluctuations are equal, so that at least in a semiclassical approximation a string dressed by such fields still has no gravitational influence on matter at rest, even though it has a substantial mass density.

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Wilson, Stephanie J., Lynn M. Martire y Ruixue Zhaoyang. "Couples’ day-to-day pain concordance and marital interaction quality". Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36, n.º 3 (21 de enero de 2018): 1023–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407517752541.

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Chronic pain is a common stressor in couples’ daily lives, but little is known about couples’ day-to-day pain concordance (i.e., agreement regarding one partner’s level of pain) and its relevance to both partners’ daily marital interaction quality. Using 22-day diaries of patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and their spouses, the current study sought to quantify the degree of daily fluctuation in both partners’ reports of patient pain, pain concordance, and marital interaction quality as well as assess the links between daily concordance and marital tension and enjoyment. Half of the variability in patient–spouse pain concordance and marital interaction quality was attributable to daily fluctuations in these experiences. Furthermore, after accounting for global marital satisfaction, on days when spouses overestimated pain, patients enjoyed marital interactions more, whereas spouses themselves experienced greater tension. Findings underscore the importance of examining pain concordance at the daily level, pain agreement’s significance for everyday marital function, and the potential challenge chronic illness poses for partners in daily life.

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31

Shreekumar, R. Kumar y K. S. Gandhi. "Breakage of a drop of inviscid fluid due to a pressure fluctuation at its surface". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 328 (10 de diciembre de 1996): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112096008622.

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In this work, an attempt is made to gain a better understanding of the breakage of low-viscosity drops in turbulent flows by determining the dynamics of deformation of an inviscid drop in response to a pressure variation acting on the drop surface. Known scaling relationships between wavenumbers and frequencies, and between pressure fluctuations and velocity fluctuations in the inertial subrange are used in characterizing the pressure fluctuation. The existence of a maximum stable drop diameter dmax follows once scaling laws of turbulent flow are used to correlate the magnitude of the disruptive forces with the duration for which they act.Two undetermined dimensionless quantities, both of order unity, appear in the equations of continuity, motion, and the boundary conditions in terms of pressure fluctuations applied on the surface. One is a constant of proportionality relating root-mean-square values of pressure and velocity differences between two points separated by a distance l. The other is a Weber number based on turbulent stresses acting on the drop and the resisting stresses in the drop due to interfacial tension. The former is set equal to 1, and the latter is determined by studying the interaction of a drop of diameter equal to dmax with a pressure fluctuation of length scale equal to the drop diameter. The model is then used to study the breakage of drops of diameter greater than dmax and those with densities different from that of the suspending fluid.It is found that, at least during breakage of a drop of diameter greater than dmax by interaction with a fluctuation of equal length scale, a satellite drop is always formed between two larger drops. When very large drops are broken by smaller-length-scale fluctuations, highly deformed shapes are produced suggesting the possibility of further fragmentation due to instabilities. The model predicts that as the dispersed-phase density increases, dmax decreases.

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32

Ying, Zhiping, Zhenyu Wu, Xudong Hu y Xiangqing Zhou. "Effect of the frictional coefficient and pre-tension on stress distribution of fabric during the weaving process". Textile Research Journal 88, n.º 8 (30 de enero de 2017): 904–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517690619.

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The non-uniform stress distribution of woven fabric has a significant influence not only on its mechanical performance in service, but also on its weaving efficiency in the fabrication process. For investigating the stress distribution in woven fabric, a numerical model at the yarn scale was established to simulate the interlacing process between the weft and warp yarns using an explicit finite element solver. The yarns were assumed to be a homogeneous continuum and the transversal isotropic constitutive equation was used. A modified lenticular initial shape was used as the cross-section of the yarn and trajectories of warp and weft yarns were set to be straight. The classical Amonton–Coulomb law was used for the tangential behavior between the weft and warp yarns. The simulation results reveal that the interaction between weft and warp yarns consists of three phases in terms of contact, adhesion and sliding. The sectional stress distribution in the weft yarn determined by multi-points contact between a single weft yarn and a group of warp yarns was also analyzed. The tension stress of the weft yarn was larger in the middle part than that in both sides. Based on the numerical model, the effects of two key parameters, namely the frictional coefficient and weft pre-tension, on the stress distribution were discussed in detail. The weft crimp angle and warp tension distribution uniformity decreased as the frictional coefficient decreased, whereas the warp tension fluctuation range did not obviously decrease. However, an improved method by exerting pre-tension in two ends of weft yarn was proposed and the warp tension fluctuation range was significantly decreased. The distribution trend of warp tension obtained from the numerical simulation showed an acceptable tendency with experiment measurements.

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33

Zhang, Xin, Xiao Zhe Liu, Jian Wu Zhang y Qing Liang Zeng. "Multi-Objective Optimization Design for Cutting Head of Roadheader". Key Engineering Materials 450 (noviembre de 2010): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.450.75.

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Aiming at load fluctuations and energy consumption of cutting head, a novel optimization strategy is presented in this paper, which is making every pick loaded uniformly and keeping number of picks in cutting section constant at every moment. It also considers the coal compression-tension effect and the action of pick tilt angle to pick force. The mathematical model of multi-objective optimization design for pick arrangement parameters and motion parameters of cutting head is established firstly, and then the sequential quadratic programming method (SQP) is chosen to compile the program of optimization design. The optimization example shows that in the premise of outline dimensions of cutting head unchanged, the load torque fluctuation decreases for 92%, which reduces the torsional vibration of transmission system of roadheader effectively. The swing force fluctuation also decreases for 83%, which enhances the stability of swing feed. Although the mean value of cutting head’ load decreases a little, all the load peaks decline after optimization, which avoid the single pick overload. And, the specific energy consumption decreases for 21%, which improves the energy utilization of roadheader.

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34

Liu, Xing y Xuhong Miao. "Analysis of yarn tension based on yarn demand variation on a tricot knitting machine". Textile Research Journal 87, n.º 4 (21 de julio de 2016): 487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516632473.

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To date, the trend in the development of knitting promotes higher requirements for warp tension control, and the fluctuation of knitting warp finally comes down to the imbalance between yarn demand and feed while forming every loop. According to warp knitting machine characteristics, four typical points are chosen to calculate the value of yarn demand, and in this way a model is built to obtain and plot the overall change trend in yarn demand in one knitting cycle. Combined with the theoretical tension curve calculated based on the yarn demand and the measured one, it is verified as coincident. The model is useful for analyzing the factors causing warp dynamic tension variation, and lays the groundwork for accurate active tension compensation.

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35

Sauret, Alban, Constantinos Spandagos y Ho Cheung Shum. "Fluctuation-induced dynamics of multiphase liquid jets with ultra-low interfacial tension". Lab on a Chip 12, n.º 18 (2012): 3380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2lc40524e.

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36

Saito, Yoshihiro, Tatsuya Omoto, Yoko Cho, Yoshikazu Hatsukawa, Masanori Fujimura y Toru Takeuchi. "The progression of retinopathy of prematurity and fluctuation in blood gas tension". Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 231, n.º 3 (marzo de 1993): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00920938.

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37

Matsumoto, T., J. Ebata, K. Tsujioka, Y. Ogasawara y F. Kajiya. "Spatial Fluctuation of Regional Myocardial Blood Flows". Methods of Information in Medicine 36, n.º 04/05 (octubre de 1997): 254–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1636876.

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Abstract:Digital radiography (100 pixels/mm2) combined with the technique of 3H-labeled desmethylimipramine deposition was employed to visualize regional blood flow distributions in rabbit left ventricular myocardium. A fluctuated pattern of myocardial flow and its dependence on arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) was evaluated with the coefficient of variation (CV) computed at each step of coarse-graining; flow images were revisualized by increasing pixel area (PA) step by step from 0.01 to 1 mm2. The CV values decreased with hypoxia at all resolution levels, suggesting that there is a vascular regulatory mechanism for making myocardial perfusion uniform in response to decreased PaO2. In both perfusion states, Cl/decreased with increasing PA. The relationship between CV and PA fitted the noninteger power law function, implying an apparent fractality of CV.

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38

Song, Liang, Huan Qiang Zhang, Fei Zheng y Jiang Feng Ma. "Mechanism of the Landslides Subject to Water Level Fluctuation". Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (septiembre de 2014): 1854–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1854.

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This paper considers an ideal reservoir landslide with a single slide surface and explores the mechanism of the landslides subject to water level fluctuation by using three-dimensional discrete element software 3DEC. The results show that: the deformation and failure process of reservoir landslide can be generally divided into two phases, i.e., shear-cut failure of leading edge and tension-shear failure of the trailing edge. This study serves as a good starting point for investigating the deformation and failure mechanisms and the safety of practical landslides induced by different water levels.

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39

Wang, Keyi, Pengcheng Yin, Haipeng Yang y Lan Wang. "Motion planning of rigid chain for rigid–flexible coupled robot". International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 15, n.º 3 (1 de mayo de 2018): 172988141877281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881418772815.

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This work is motivated by the possibility that hemiplegic patients might achieve complete functional recovery of lower limb joints, muscles, and nerves by stretching and bending the lower limbs using rehabilitation training. A model of a rigid–flexible coupled lower limb rehabilitation robot is established and mechanically analyzed to satisfy both the control of various movement loci with flexion and extension and the requirements of rehabilitation training. According to the Denavit–Hartenberg method and the influence coefficient method, a kinematic model is established. Moreover, a static equilibrium equation is presented, and two motion planning methods for rigid branched chain movement are put forward. Fluctuation parameters are proposed to estimate the tension of every wire. A planning strategy of different rigid branched chains is analyzed during mechanical simulation using MATLAB [version 2013a]/SimMechanics along a specific trajectory. The law of wires and rigid branched chains is achieved. The wires’ working performance of a parallel robot can be improved by introducing a rigid branched chain. During the dynamic simulation of the mechanism, other wires’ tension changes are analyzed by setting the wire’s tension (100 N) of a coupled branched chain. The wire’s tension performance in the system is evaluated by its fluctuation performance. Finally, it is validated that the strategy of angle bisection is the best. The results prove that the rigid–flexible parallel rehabilitation robot can realize gait rehabilitation training of lower limbs, which leads to the servo control research of this robot.

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40

Xiao, Yanjun, Zhenpeng Zhang, Zhenhao Liu, Weiling Liu, Nan Gao, Wei Zhou y Zhe Mao. "Optimal analysis and application of the warp tension control system for a rapier loom". Textile Research Journal 92, n.º 7-8 (21 de octubre de 2021): 1213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00405175211053662.

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Traditional proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control performance optimization is an essential method to improve a loom’s warp tension control performance. This work proposes an improved genetic algorithm optimized PID control scheme to overcome the decline in control performance of the traditional PID control algorithm in a loom’s warp tension control system. Through the decoupling analysis of loom motion mechanism, the establishment of warp tension model and the optimization of fitness evaluation mechanism of genetic algorithm can effectively overcome the problems of local optimal solution and algorithm degradation of genetic algorithm. Simulation experiments were carried out with the traditional PID, the integral separation PID, and the genetic PID in warp tension control. The results show the advantage of the genetic-PID algorithm to control warp tension stability. Ultimately, according to the functional characteristics of the loom mechanism, a tension control platform for experimental studies was established. The test results show that the maximum fluctuation range of warp tension is within [−2, +6] at the test speed of 850 rpm, which meets the requirements of long-term stable and reliable control of warp tension under different weaving conditions.

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41

Flammer, Josef, Katarzyna Konieczka y Andreas J. Flammer. "The Role of Ocular Blood Flow in the Pathogenesis of Glaucomatous Damage". US Ophthalmic Review 04, n.º 02 (2011): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usor.2011.04.02.84.

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Ocular blood flow (OBF) is on average lower in glaucoma patients than in healthy controls. This reduction is more pronounced in normal-tension than in high-tension glaucoma and more distinct in cases with progressing damage as compared to those with stable disease. Besides a secondary component caused by atrophy, there is an important primary component of OBF reduction, which also has a predictive value. The fact that hypoxia-related factors are upregulated in eyes of glaucoma patients indicates oxygen depletion. It is, however, not constant hypoxia, but rather the fluctuation of oxygen supply that leads to tissue damage, likely because of oxidative stress. Low perfusion pressure and disturbed autoregulation are the major causes of insufficient and fluctuating oxygen supply, and both systemic hypotension and disturbed autoregulation are often consequences of the primary vascular dysregulation syndrome. The observed splinter hemorrhages in these patients are a consequence of a local breakdown of the blood–brain or blood–retinal barrier. The often associated vein occlusions can be a consequence of a local vein dysregulation.

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42

Wongsirojkul, Nichaporn, Aiko Masuta, Naofumi Shimokawa y Masahiro Takagi. "Control of Line Tension at Phase-Separated Lipid Domain Boundaries: Monounsaturated Fatty Acids with Different Chain Lengths and Osmotic Pressure". Membranes 12, n.º 8 (14 de agosto de 2022): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080781.

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Line tension at phase-separated lipid domain boundaries is an important factor that governs the stability of the phase separation. We studied the control of the line tension in lipid membranes composed of dioleoylphosphocholine (DOPC), dipalmitoylphosphocholine (DPPC), and cholesterol (Chol) by the addition of the following three monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) with different chain lengths: palmitoleic acid (PaA), oleic acid (OA), and eicosenoic acid (EiA). In addition, we attempted to alter the line tension by applying osmotic pressure. The phase behavior of the MUFA-containing lipid membranes in the presence and absence of osmotic stress was observed by fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The line tension was quantitatively measured from the domain boundary fluctuation by flicker spectroscopy, and the interactions between the lipids and MUFAs were examined by differential scanning calorimetry. PaA and OA, which are shorter MUFAs, decreased the line tension, whereas EiA changed the liquid domain to a solid domain. The osmotic pressure increased the line tension, even in the presence of MUFAs. It may be possible to control the line tension by combining the chemical approach of MUFA addition and the physical approach of applying osmotic pressure.

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43

Chen, Xiaodong, Yong Li, Dajun Huan, Hongquan Liu, Lisa Li y Yanrui Li. "Influence of Filament Winding Tension on the Deformation of Composite Flywheel Rotors with H-Shaped Hubs". Polymers 14, n.º 6 (14 de marzo de 2022): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061155.

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The residual stress plays an important role in composite flywheel rotors composed of filament windings. The fiber tension during high-prestressed winding is the main source of the rotor deformation and residual stress of composite layers. In this study, the effect of the winding tension gradient on deformation was monitored in real-time. Two types of in-plane winding tension fluctuation methods were developed to investigate the effect of tension on deformation. Online and offline measurements were performed for the strain acquisition. A wireless strain instrument was used for online deformation monitoring and a laser scanner was used for the offline surface reconstruction. Additionally, different filament winding strategies were carried out to improve the efficiency of the winding tension by finite element analysis. The results indicated that the deviation between numerical and experimental results was within 8%. Based on the proposed numerical method, the influence of the in-plane and out-of-plane winding tension gradient distributions on the rotation process of the H-shaped rotor was analyzed. An in-plane winding strategy with variable tension was developed, which increased the initial failure speed by 160%.

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44

Liu, Guangming, Yugui Li, Qingxue Huang, Xia Yang y Aimin Liu. "Analysis of Startup Process and Its Optimization for a Two-Stand Reversible Cold Rolling Mill". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8715340.

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Dynamic characteristic analysis of a two-stand reversible cold rolling mill in the startup process was carried out. The delay algorithm of the interstand thickness was proposed. A new method combined with the accelerated secant and the tangent methods was established to solve the simultaneous equations. The thickness and interstand tension transition processes with different static tension establishing processes were analyzed. Both mills were operated under constant rolling force control mode in the above process. The results show that the strip thickness in the rolling gap reduces in the static mill screwdown process. The entry stand runs inversely to establish the static interstand tension. This area becomes an abnormal thickness reduction area of the incoming strip. It results in several abnormal interstand tension increases in the subsequent startup process. The tension increase leads to an impact force on the strip that is the main reason of the strip breakage in the startup process. So the static tension establishing process was optimized, and the interstand tension fluctuation and the strip breakage accidents both reduced significantly. The results are beneficial to the startup process of the two-stand reversible cold rolling mill.

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45

Chakraborty, Madhura. "Understanding the Role of Membrane Fluctuation and Tension During Cell Fusion of Myogenesis". Biophysical Journal 120, n.º 3 (febrero de 2021): 68a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2020.11.635.

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46

Hatanaka, Marcelo, Mirko Babic y Remo Susanna. "Reproducibility of the Mean, Fluctuation, and IOP Peak in the Diurnal Tension Curve". Journal of Glaucoma 22, n.º 5 (2013): 390–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ijg.0b013e3182447a03.

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47

Tabeshpour, M. R., A. A. Golafshani y M. S. Seif. "Second-order perturbation added mass fluctuation on vertical vibration of tension leg platforms". Marine Structures 19, n.º 4 (octubre de 2006): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2007.02.001.

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48

Moon, Yeji, Junki Kwon, Da Woon Jeong, Jin Young Lee, Jong Rak Lee, Seungbong Han y Michael S. Kook. "Circadian Patterns of Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation among Normal-Tension Glaucoma Optic Disc Phenotypes". PLOS ONE 11, n.º 12 (13 de diciembre de 2016): e0168030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168030.

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49

Rädler, Joachim O., Toni J. Feder, Helmut H. Strey y Erich Sackmann. "Fluctuation analysis of tension-controlled undulation forces between giant vesicles and solid substrates". Physical Review E 51, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 1995): 4526–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.51.4526.

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50

Meng, Fanrui, Sandeep Saxena, Youtao Liu, Bharat Joshi, Timothy H. Wong, Jay Shankar, Leonard J. Foster, Pascal Bernatchez y Ivan R. Nabi. "The phospho–caveolin-1 scaffolding domain dampens force fluctuations in focal adhesions and promotes cancer cell migration". Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, n.º 16 (agosto de 2017): 2190–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e17-05-0278.

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Caveolin-1 (Cav1), a major Src kinase substrate phosphorylated on tyrosine-14 (Y14), contains the highly conserved membrane-proximal caveolin scaffolding domain (CSD; amino acids 82–101). Here we show, using CSD mutants (F92A/V94A) and membrane-permeable CSD-competing peptides, that Src kinase–dependent pY14Cav1 regulation of focal adhesion protein stabilization, focal adhesion tension, and cancer cell migration is CSD dependent. Quantitative proteomic analysis of Cav1-GST (amino acids 1–101) pull downs showed sixfold-increased binding of vinculin and, to a lesser extent, α-actinin, talin, and filamin, to phosphomimetic Cav1Y14D relative to nonphosphorylatable Cav1Y14F. Consistently, pY14Cav1 enhanced CSD-dependent vinculin tension in focal adhesions, dampening force fluctuation and synchronously stabilizing cellular focal adhesions in a high-tension mode, paralleling effects of actin stabilization. This identifies pY14Cav1 as a molecular regulator of focal adhesion tension and suggests that functional interaction between Cav1 Y14 phosphorylation and the CSD promotes focal adhesion traction and, thereby, cancer cell motility.

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