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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Fishes"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 29 de julio de 2024

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1

Barrett, Luke T., Arthur de Lima y Jordan S. Goetze. "Evidence of a biomass hotspot for targeted fish species within Namena Marine Reserve, Fiji". Pacific Conservation Biology 25, n.º 2 (2019): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc18034.

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Namena is Fiji’s oldest and second largest no-take marine reserve, and has relatively high abundance and biomass of targeted fishes within its boundaries due to a high level of protection since its creation in 1997 (formalised in 2005). Following anecdotal reports of exceptionally high fish abundance at the Grand Central Station dive site within Namena, we conducted a 500-m meandering diver-operated video transect along the main reef formation, to obtain abundance, length and biomass estimates for fish species targeted by local fishers. Our census revealed extremely high diversity, abundance and biomass (11436kgha−1) of targeted fishes. While demersal reef fishes were present at higher densities than on typical fished reefs in the region, they were dwarfed by aggregations of reef-associated pelagics, namely the barracuda Sphyraena forsteri (5540kgha−1) and the trevally Caranx sexfasciatus (4448kgha−1). These estimates are comparable to those of historically unfished or ‘pristine’ locations, an unexpected finding given the historical fishing pressure within the reserve before its establishment and ongoing pressure in surrounding fished areas. This finding presents Grand Central Station as a useful reference site for ecologists and managers, and highlights the ability of protected coral reefs to support or attract very high densities of fish.

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2

Clark, Colin W. "Modelling the behaviour of fishers and fishes". ICES Journal of Marine Science 75, n.º 3 (9 de diciembre de 2017): 932–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx212.

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Abstract I describe my personal evolution as a modeller of behaviour, both human and (non-human) animal behaviour, using dynamic state-variable models. At first I worked in renewable resource Economics, especially the economics of marine fisheries where I collaborated extensively with Gordon R. Munro. Subsequently, in collaboration with Marc Mangel (and many field biologists) I worked in Behavioural Ecology. Mathematical models have played a major role in both of these subjects, but until recently mostly static models were used, on the grounds that dynamic (not to mention stochastic) models were too difficult to work with. I express the hope that our use of relatively simple (but not too simple) dynamic models has established the fact that such models can be extremely helpful, perhaps essential, in understanding many aspects of behaviour.

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3

WILLIAMS, I. D., W. J. WALSH, R. E. SCHROEDER, A. M. FRIEDLANDER, B. L. RICHARDS y K. A. STAMOULIS. "Assessing the importance of fishing impacts on Hawaiian coral reef fish assemblages along regional-scale human population gradients". Environmental Conservation 35, n.º 3 (29 de agosto de 2008): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892908004876.

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SUMMARYHumans can impact coral reef fishes directly by fishing, or indirectly through anthropogenic degradation of habitat. Uncertainty about the relative importance of those can make it difficult to develop and build consensus for appropriate remedial management. Relationships between fish assemblages and human population density were assessed using data from 18 locations widely spread throughout the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) to evaluate the significance of fishing as a factor potentially driving fish trends on a regional scale. Fish biomass in several groups was negatively correlated with local human population density and a number of lines of evidence indicate that fishing was the prime driver of those trends. First, declines were consistently evident among fish groups targeted by fishers, but not among lightly fished or non-target groupings, which indicates that declines in target groups were not simply indicative of a general decline in habitat quality along human population gradients. Second, proximity to high human populations was not associated with low fish biomass where shoreline structure prevented ready access by fishers. Relatively remote and inaccessible locations within the MHI had 2.1–4.2 times the biomass of target fishes compared to accessible and populous locations, and may therefore function as partial refugia. However, stocks in those areas were clearly far from pristine, as biomass of large predators was more than an order of magnitude lower than at more intact ecosystems elsewhere in the Pacific.

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4

Tupper, Mark y Murray A. Rudd. "Species-specific impacts of a small marine reserve on reef fish production and fishing productivity in the Turks and Caicos Islands". Environmental Conservation 29, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2002): 484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892902000346.

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Marine reserves are widely considered to potentially benefit reef fisheries through emigration, yet the empirical basis for predicting the extent of this for small reserves is weak. The effects of fishing pressure and habitat on biomass and catch per unit effort (CPUE) of three species of exploited reef fish were studied at South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands. Distribution and abundance of hogfish (Lachnolaimus maximus) and white margate (Haemulon album) were inversely correlated with cover of fleshy macroalgae. Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) were positively associated with vertical relief, but were unaffected by algal cover. Mean size, density, and biomass of hogfish were higher in a small (4 km2) marine reserve than on fished reefs, as was biomass of white margate. CPUE of hogfish was inversely related to distance from the centre of the reserve, suggesting that spillover of this species from the reserve to adjacent reefs may enhance local yields, possibly providing economic incentives for fishers to comply with reserve regulations. Fishing pressure, however, had no apparent effect on Nassau grouper. Larger fishes and those that migrate to spawn, such as economically valuable Nassau grouper, may move over too large a range to be effectively protected by small marine reserves. Small reserves may not protect all fish, but they can increase the biomass of smaller or more sedentary reef fishes and may be a useful tool for the conservation or management of species such as hogfish. Other policy options, such as seasonal spawning closures or total allowable catches, need to be considered for larger, more mobile fishes in the Turks and Caicos Islands.

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5

Taher, Majid Makky, Adel Yacob Al-Dubakel y Jassim Hameed Saleh. "Effects of feeding ratio on growth and food conversion rate of common carp Cyprinus carpio reared in floating cages". Iraqi Journal of Aquaculture 11, n.º 1 (3 de marzo de 2022): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.58629/ijaq.v11i1.197.

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Effects of feeding ratios (3%, 5% and 7%) on growth and food conversion rate (FCR) of common carp Cyprinus carpio reared in floating cages at Shatt Al-Arab River, Hartha district were studied during a period of 27-4-2010 to 28-6-2010. Statically analysis of results proved that there were significant differences between final weight and length reached by fishes fed on 3% of fish weight and fished fed on 5% and 7% of fish weight. Final weights of fishes were (188, 275.8 and 252.6) g and final lengths were (216.6, 234.6 and 227.2) mm for (3, 5 and 7)% feeding ratio respectively. Better results of growth and FCR obtained from fishes fed 5% of fish weight. Results appeared that FCR values were 4.82, 2.63 and 3.98, daily growth rates were (1.07, 3.16 and 2.78) g/day and specific growth rates were (0.7, 1.85 and 1.71) %/day for fishes fed 3, 5 and 7% of fish weight respectively.

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6

Carr, H. Sorayya, Alwyne Wheeler y Andrew K. G. Jones. "Fishes". Journal of Field Archaeology 17, n.º 4 (1990): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/530016.

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7

Swift, Camm C., Alwyne Wheeler y Andrew K. G. Jones. "Fishes". Copeia 1991, n.º 1 (7 de febrero de 1991): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1446285.

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8

Vanatian, Bertha. "What Do Fishes Know About Fishes?" Annals of Improbable Research 9, n.º 4 (1 de julio de 2003): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3142/107951403782226021.

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9

Martel, André L. y Jean-Sébastien Lauzon-Guay. "Distribution and density of glochidia of the freshwater mussel Anodonta kennerlyi on fish hosts in lakes of the temperate rain forest of Vancouver Island". Canadian Journal of Zoology 83, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 2005): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-028.

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We examined the distribution and abundance of glochidia of the freshwater mussel Anodonta kennerlyi Lea, 1860 on local fishes in three temperate rain forest lakes near Bamfield, on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Fishes involved in the life cycle of the mussel were the prickly sculpin (Cottus asper Richardson, 1836), threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L., 1758), Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma (Walbaum, 1792)), and cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii (Richardson, 1836)). For each lake, we assessed which fish was the most important for larval propagation and recruitment of the mussel by considering the fish's primary habitat, the percentage of fish in a sample with glochidia, and the abundance of glochidia on sampled fish. Also, an alternative method for quantifying the glochidia's "preference" for a host consisted of measuring the number of glochidia per unit area of fish body surface (larval density). We digitized the surface area of fins and head, i.e., the areas used by glochidia for settlement. Every fish species in each lake dispersed the glochidia. There was, however, a sharp gradient in the intensity of the fish–mussel linkage among fishes. Fishes that co-occurred most often with mussels, such as sculpins and sticklebacks, had the highest density of glochidia. Larval density on fishes also revealed the existence of between-lake differences in glochidia preference.

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10

Thierry Agblonon, Nazaire Aïzoun y Daniel Chougourou. "Comparison of larval eating capacity of two indigenous larvivorous fishes in malaria vector control in laboratory conditions in Dogbo district in south-western Benin, West Africa". Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 12, n.º 1 (30 de julio de 2022): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2022.12.1.0113.

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Because of problems with insecticide resistance, alternative malaria control methods were necessary. These methods include the use of biological control agents, such as larvivorous fish. This study aimed to compare the larval eating capacity of two indigenous larvivorous fishes in malaria vector control in laboratory conditions in Dogbo district in south-western Benin. Larvae of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes were collected from breeding sites using the dipping method in July 2020 during the rainy season in Dogbo district. Alive Clarias gariepinus and Orechromis niloticus fishes were bought immediately once catched by fishers of Ganvié location in So-Ava district and carried by car from Ganvié location to the Laboratory. Laboratory evaluation for larvivorous efficacy was conducted. The results obtained in the current study showed that the larval eating capacity of Clarias gariepinus fish when this fish was fed was higher than that of Orechromis niloticus indigenous larvivorous fish in the laboratory conditions. Similar results were obtained when these different fishes were unfed. In a context of environmental crisis and global changes, environmentally friendly methods should be encouraged. The use of indigenous larvivorous fishes as predators to control malaria mosquitoes is obviously insufficient in the current study.

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11

Sjafrie, N. D. M., U. E. Hernawan, F. Zulpikar, Triyono y S. Rahmawati. "Provisioning services of seagrass ecosystem in Pari Island". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1260, n.º 1 (1 de noviembre de 2023): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1260/1/012039.

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Abstract Seagrass ecosystem provides many ecosystem services, including provisioning services in which people obtain direct products (e.g., food) from the ecosystem. This study examined the seagrass ecosystem provisioning service in Pari Island, Jakarta Bay. The data was collected in May 2021 using questionaries from 97 respondents (40 fishers and 57 non-fishers) living on the island. Our analysis reveals that seagrass ecosystems around Pari Island deliver food sources and income for the local communities. Many species of fishes, shellfishes, shrimps, and swimming crabs are commonly harvested by the local community. The most dominant harvested fishes are rabbitfishes (Siganus spp, 85%) and emperor fishes (Lethrinus sp, 15%), while the harvested shellfishess are “kerang bulu” (Anadara spp, 42%), “buol” (Venus sp, 32%), and “kere-kere” (Grafrarium spp, 26%). The locals use fishing gear such as nets and handlines to catch fish and use knives, machetes, and crowbars to collect shellfish. Generally, the locals harvest biota in seagrass ecosystems 1-2 times per week, with a time of about 1-2 hours. The harvested biotas serve as protein sources; only a few community members sell it for livelihood. In conclusion, the provisioning services of seagrass ecosystems is manifested as a food sources and livelihood to the local communities.

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12

Prasad, Archana y Rukmini Puri. "Agave americana (Ketuke) toxicity in the kidney of Clarias batrachus". Journal of Natural History Museum 30 (1 de diciembre de 2018): 244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27573.

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Different parts of plant have been used since many decades by humans for catching fishes. In this investigation, ‘ketuke ‘leaf effect was observed on behavioral change and histological alterations in the kidney of Clarias batrachus. Few fishes were kept as control i.e. not exposed to plant piscicide. The other fishes were exposed to 3gm per 30 liters of water for 24 and 48 hrs. In exposed fish’s restlessness, vigorous movement, excessive secretion of slime and loss of appetite was seen. Histologically, glomerular contraction, clumping of melanomacrophages, degeneration of epithelial tissue along with the degeneration of renal tubules and others were seen. Increase in the Bowman’s space was one of the noticeable changes. Extract accumulation was seen in the tissues. Exposure to sub lethal concentrations of Ketuke (Agave americana), caused duration dependent histopathological alterations in the kidney of Clarias batrachus which is discussed in the paper.

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13

V, Mary Kensa y Anju M. "Screening of osmotolerant micro organisms in the dried salted fish sold in kanyakumari district, tamilnadu". Kongunadu Research Journal 7, n.º 1 (15 de abril de 2020): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj.2020.7.

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Fish is one of the most important sources of animal protein available in the tropics and has been widely accepted as a good source of protein and other elements for the maintenance of healthy body. Salting and drying is an ancient and simple method to preserve fish and in India about 17% of the total catch is beingused for salting and drying. The present investigation was aimed to analyse the presence of osmotolerant microbes in the dry fishes. The commercially important marine edible salted dry fishes were collected from the study area Pallam. Four common edible dry fishes like (Nethili, Sardines, Ribbon fish and Prawn) wereselected for the screening of microbial population. The highest TFC value was reported in Sardine and Ribbon fish (5103) than the other fishes like Netthili and Prawn (4103 and 2103). The moisture content was higher (45%) in Prawn followed by Ribbon fish (40%), Sardines (29%), Netthili (26%). In this study,Prawn had high moisture content (45%) and high microbial load (5.3104 cfu/g). Total five fungal species were isolated from the selected dried fishes. The result of isolation of human pathogens such as Salmonella and Vibrio identified from the selected dry fish samples. The nutritive value of raw fish in found to be good.The sensory characteristics such as colour, odor, texture, insect infestation showed that the Sardine and Prawn was good in quality, while the netthili had decreased the quality. The study showed that salted and sundried fishes sold in study area are contaminated with pathogenic bacteria and fungal agents. Spoilage ofdried fish products was found and this might be due to unhygienic handling of the fisher folks, improper processing and unhygienic vendors and vending areas.

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14

Fialho, Clarice Bernhardt. "Viviparous Fishes". Neotropical Ichthyology 4, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2006): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252006000400012.

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15

DE CAPRONA, M. DOMMINIQUE CRAPON y BERND FRITZSCH. "African fishes". Nature 350, n.º 6318 (abril de 1991): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/350467b0.

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MEYER, AXEL, THOMAS D. KOCHER y ALLAN C. WILSON. "African fishes". Nature 350, n.º 6318 (abril de 1991): 467–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/350467c0.

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17

Eastman, Joseph T. y Arthur L. DeVries. "Antarctic Fishes". Scientific American 255, n.º 5 (noviembre de 1986): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1186-106.

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18

Smyth, Amanda. "Little Fishes". Wasafiri 28, n.º 2 (junio de 2013): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690055.2013.758992.

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19

Bell, Michael A. "Darwin's fishes". Trends in Ecology & Evolution 19, n.º 6 (junio de 2004): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2004.03.004.

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20

Patterson, Colin. "Bony Fishes". Short Courses in Paleontology 7 (1994): 57–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475263000001264.

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Bony fishes or osteichthyans comprise two main monophyletic groups: the actinopterygians (rayfins, including the staples of the fish market and aquarium) and sarcopterygians (lobefins, fringefins or tasselfins, including lungfishes, coelacanths, and, perhaps unexpectedly or inconveniently, all land vertebrates or tetrapods). In the broadest terms, the two groups have similar histories, each with beginnings in the late Silurian or earliest Devonian, each with a primary radiation in the late Devonian and Mississippian, a secondary radiation in the Mesozoic, and a major Tertiary radiation, and each with an extant diversity of roughly 25,000 species (Nelson, 1994, p. 2). The remainder of this course (eight topics) is devoted to sarcopterygians, so I shall give almost all my space to the other half of bony fish diversity, the actinopterygians.

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21

SUZUKI, RYO. "Fishes, Pisces." Kagaku To Seibutsu 23, n.º 11 (1985): 742–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/kagakutoseibutsu1962.23.742.

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22

Horn, Michael H. y Robin N. Gibson. "Intertidal Fishes". Scientific American 258, n.º 1 (enero de 1988): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0188-64.

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23

Bernardi, Giacomo, Marina L. Ramon, Yvette Alva-Campbell, John E. McCosker, Giuseppe Bucciarelli, Lauren E. Garske, Benjamin C. Victor y Nicole L. Crane. "Darwin's fishes: phylogeography of Galápagos Islands reef fishes". Bulletin of Marine Science 90, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2014): 533–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2013.1036.

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24

Krajewski, João Paulo. "How do follower reef fishes find nuclear fishes?" Environmental Biology of Fishes 86, n.º 3 (13 de octubre de 2009): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-009-9533-0.

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25

Salvatteci, Renato, Ralph R. Schneider, Eric Galbraith, David Field, Thomas Blanz, Thorsten Bauersachs, Xavier Crosta et al. "Smaller fish species in a warm and oxygen-poor Humboldt Current system". Science 375, n.º 6576 (7 de enero de 2022): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abj0270.

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Species shifts Our anthropogenically warmed climate will lead to a suite of organismal changes. To predict how some of these may occur, we can look to past warm (interglacial) periods. Salvatteci et al . used this approach and looked at a marine sediment record of the Humboldt Current system off the coast of Peru (see the Perspective by Yasuhara and Deutsch). They found that previous warm periods were dominated by small, goby-like fishes, whereas this ecosystem currently is dominated by anchovy-like fishes. Such a shift is not only relevant to ecosystem shifts but also to fisheries because anchovies are heavily fished as a food source and gobies are much less palatable than anchovies. —SNV

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Debnath, D., B. K. Bhattacharjya, S. Yengkokpam, U. K. Sarkar, P. Paul y B. K. Das. "Ecosystem vulnerability of floodplain wetlands of the Lower Brahmaputra Valley to climatic and anthropogenic factors". Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, n.º 3 (1 de julio de 2021): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.03.08.

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Abstract This study assessed the vulnerability of 16 floodplain wetlands (beels) of the Lower Brahmaputra Valley, Assam, India, in relation to a range of natural and anthropogenic factors including climate change. The total water-spread area of the selected beels varied widely (8–50 ha), with 68.75% of the beels showing a reduction in water-spread area over the past 30 years. High levels of siltation and encroachment and detachment of marginal areas through the construction of roads were the major factors responsible for the reduction in the water-spread area of the beels. The reduction was observed to be in the range of over 33% in three beels (Raghunath Sora, Chulkani, and Dudua beel) to 83% in Bhoishpuri beel. In addition, one beel (Chulkani) experienced reduction in its deep pool area, which is an important wetland area that provides shelter to brood fishes during the dry season. Only 12.5% of the beels studied practiced enclosure (pen) culture for rearing fish. None practiced cage culture. Our study showed that only two beels (Bhoishpuri and Tariachora) were free from exotic fishes; the remaining surveyed beels reported exotic species such as, Cyprinus carpio (Common Carp), Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass Carp), Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver Carp), H. nobilis (Bighead Carp) and Piaractus brachypomus (Pacu). The prevalence of exotic fishes in the majority of the beels (due both to escape from nearby aquaculture ponds during floods and intentional stocking in certain beels) would have adversely affected the diversity of indigenous fishes in those wetlands. From discussion with the fishers, 50% of the beels surveyed experienced a reduction in the number of fish species from that recorded 10–20 years ago. In addition to climate change-related factors (e.g. abnormal rains, floods, or drought-like situations), other factors – both natural (e.g. hyper-nutrification) and anthropogenic (e.g. construction of roads, houses, and other structures) – also adversely affected the studied wetlands. To help cope with these factors and increase the adaptive capacity of fishers, four measures aimed at mitigation are suggested. These are: the practice of enclosure aquaculture in beels; the construction of floating macrophyte refuges (katal); deep pool refuges; and stock enhancement programmes with climate-resilient indigenous fishes.

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Guigand, Cedric M., Robert K. Cowen, Joel K. Llopiz y David E. Richardson. "A Coupled Asymmetrical Multiple Opening Closing Net with Environmental Sampling System". Marine Technology Society Journal 39, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2005): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533205787444042.

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Recruitment levels of fishes are potentially related to the abundance of larval fishes and their food source. A system that could allow for the concurrent investigation of fine-scale distribution of fish larvae and their potential prey could add significantly to the understanding of the early life history of marine fishes. A coupled Multiple Opening Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System (MOCNESS) that combines two sub-systems (1 m2 and 4 m2 net sets) working in synchronization was designed to answer these questions. The mesh size was different on each set of nets allowing the collection of a broad size range of organisms while optimizing the catch of larger fish larvae and eliminating unnecessary large samples of zooplankton. Moreover, the system eliminated the need to deploy separate MOCNESS using different mesh sizes, thus reducing ship time costs, and avoiding any aliasing associated with trying to sample the same water mass with separate nets fished sequentially. The system has been used at sea under varying weather conditions onboard the R/V F. G. Walton Smith and sampled adequately.

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Purnamasari, Elly. "PRODUKSI BERSIH PADA AKTIVITAS DOMESTIK DAN PUBLIK WANITA NELAYAN DI SELANGAN LAUT KOTA BONTANG". Jurnal Pembangunan Perikanan dan Agribisnis 1, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2014): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jppa.v1i1.191.

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The major aim of this research was to determine the application of net production as management strategy for fisher women activity in Selangan Laut of Bontang City in the field of integrated domestic and public sectors in order to increase the quality life of fishers family. The results showed that fisher women activities were classified as follows: (a) in domestic sector such as performing meals for the family; (b) in social aspect like providing meals for public/specific events, and (c) in productive one, i.e. the making of fish paste, sea weeds processed product, and salted and dried fishes, the performance of grilled fish culinary services and sea weeds cultivation activity. The activities above have a prospect to implement the net production. The application of net production can be done by managing and utilizing solid and liquid wastes. In addition, the further efforts to ensure net production are formulating procedure operation standard of net production, organizing raw materials and their supplement by the creation of ‘come in first come out first’ model, preparing adequate equipments, increasing the number of demand, and extending market channel through the creation of product diversification, modification and packaging

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Shaikh, Jahanara, R. S. Shrivastava, Dharmnath Jha y Amit Ranjan Pandey. "Market efficiency as indicators of fish market along the middle stretch of River Ganga, India". Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 25, n.º 3 (1 de julio de 2022): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.025.03.55.

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Abstract The fish market in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, is not formally organised. Rather, it permeates from a direct fisher market to a wholesale market. Fish caught from the River Ganga are distributed through many intermediaries and are transported to farther regions like Guwahati and Kolkata in the east. The objective of the study is to assess market efficiency and, with this assessment, make recommendations that can be used to improve the livelihoods of the fishers. We accomplish this by investigating market efficiency indicators including production capacity of the area, Percent Share of Fisher in the Consumer's Money, and price stability of fish markets in different districts (including Bulandshahr, Farrukhabad, Kanpur, Fatehpur, Prayagraj and Varanasi). These are the districts that are located on the bank of the River Ganga in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The study consists of interviews with fishers, wholesalers, vendors, auctioneers, and consumers. The study examines 9 wholesalers, 9 retail markets and 1 direct fisher market. The demographic variables of fish sellers viz. age, education, caste, family size, experience and occupation are also studied. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation are used for nominal variables to measure and test conceptions and misconceptions of the fish market. Fish selling is carried out through fish market channels including 220 middlemen, 249 retailers, 48 wholesalers, and 72 auctioneers. Together, these individuals make up the channel structure, channel strategy, and channel performance. The high number of middlemen demonstrates that the market structure is inefficient. Higher Percent Share of Fisher in the Consumer's Money was observed for fishes like Labeo rohita (65.8%), Cirrhinus Mrigala (64%), and Labeo Calbasu (64.3%). The average Percent Share of Fisher in the Consumer's Money is 54% and shows the fishers earn little more than half of the revenue generated. The study shows that high-value fish have less price stability and low-value fish have high price stability across the fish market channel, respectively. Our investigation recommends reducing the number of market channels with the application of modern infrastructure in order to increase the quality of products received by the consumer and to increase fisher share in consumer's money.

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30

P., Arturo Acero, Juan José Orellana Amador y Juan Jose Orellana Amador. "Marine Fishes of Los Cobanos: Fishes of El Salvador". Copeia 1988, n.º 2 (18 de mayo de 1988): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1445900.

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31

Danendra, Ida Bagus Indra, I. Gusti Bagus Sila Dharma y Elok Faiqoh. "Komposisi Jenis dan Keanekaragaman Ikan Karang pada 3 Jenis Bahan Terumbu Karang Buatan (Artificial reef) yang Berbeda (Beton, Ban Bekas, dan Besi) di Teluk Jemeluk Amed, Karangasem, Bali". Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences 7, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2021): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmas.2021.v07.i02.p05.

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Artificial reef at Jemeluk Bay, Karangasem, Bali is one of the area’s fisheries potential. Artificial reef is an underwater structure that is made for fishes’ protection and feeding ground. The purpose of this research is to know and understand types of reef fishes that surround the artificial reef, as well as the artificial reef’s affect onto the fish’s abundance at Jemeluk Bay. The method used for reef fish monitoring by visual census at artificial reef made from concrete, rubber tire and steel. This research is done towards six coral reef structures to get the reef fishes composition, which is made out of 7 fish families, 17 species, with an abundance total of 708 individuals. The highest fish abundance was founded at the 2nd rubber tire artificial reef with 6,4 individuals/m2, and the lowest fish abundance was found at the 1st concrete artificial reef with 3,28 individuals/m2. From the calculation at six of the artificial reef structures, the diversity index varies between 1,2 – 1,57, which is categorized as low diversity. The diversity value shows that steel artificial reef have the highest fish species diversity, however is still categorized as low.

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32

Olii, Abdul Hafidz, Elena Wonneberger y Nuralim Pasisingi. "Growth Performance of Layang (Scad) Fish (Decapterus russelli, Ruppell 1830) Caught from Tomini Bay, Indonesia". ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 27, n.º 2 (29 de abril de 2022): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.27.2.181-188.

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Regarding exploitation and optimizing fisheries resources management in Tomini Bay, the Layang scad fish (Decapterus russelli, Ruppell 1830) is one of the small pelagic fishes inhabiting the bay that still lacks biological information. The species becomes the main target commodity for local fishers as it is commonly consumed as a protein source for coastal communities. This study aimed to determine the length-weight relationships and the growth pattern of Layang fish caught by fishers from Tomini Bay. The samples were collected once per month at Gorontalo City Fish Landing Spot from April to June 2020. Tomini Bay was confirmed as the fishing ground of all the landed fish. Layang is caught by Mini purse seines with a minimum mesh size of ¾ inch. A total of 896 samples of Layang fish were collected randomly from the fishers' catch during their unloading activity at the landing site. Abdomen dissection was performed on all samples for determining the fish’s sex. The fish samples' total length and body weight were measured using a ruler (nearest = 1 mm) and a scale (nearest = 0.01 gram). The result revealed that the length-weight equation of male Layang was W = 0.000004 L3.1972 (R2 = 97.57%), and that of female was W = 0.0000007 L3.0613 (R2 = 98.99%). This result implied a positive allometric growth pattern, excluding the females in April 2020.

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33

McFALL-NGAI, MARGARET y JAMES G. MORIN. "Camouflage by Disruptive Illumination in Leiognathids, a Family of Shallow-Water, Bioluminescent Fishes". Journal of Experimental Biology 156, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 1991): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.156.1.119.

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Leiognathids are shallow-water, Indo-West Pacific fishes that have a circumesophageal, bacterial light organ. Visual observations of living fishes revealed a mottled ventral luminescence pattern, which was analyzed both behaviorally and morphologically. In behavioral experiments, these fishes responded to increases in intensity of downwelling light with increases in the intensity of ventral luminescence. However, while the absolute luminescence levels tracked the ambient light levels, they did not increase in direct proportion to those of increasing downwelling light; luminescence levels were closer to the intensity of downwelling light at low light levels. The tissues that intervene between the internal light organ and the external environment are responsible for the observed mottled pattern of the ventral luminescence. Furthermore, these tissues, which have been incorporated into the light organ system, are involved in the control of the intensity, spectral quality and angular distribution of the fish's luminescence. The spectral peak of the bacterial luminescence from whole fish (500 nm) was shifted about 10 nm towards the green relative to the spectral peak of cultured light organ symbionts (485–490 nm). The luminescence had the greatest intensity of outward expression at an angle of 20–25° from the ventral midline and was undetectable dorsally. The ventral illumination behavior of leiognathids, with their associated morphology, is compared and contrasted with the counterillumination systems that have been described in a number of mesopelagic fishes, shrimps and squids. Note: To whom reprint requests should be addressed at the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089–0371, USA.

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34

Podeti. Koteshwar Rao. "Economically important freshwater fishes infected with fungi causes EUS". World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 17, n.º 1 (30 de enero de 2023): 605–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.1.0397.

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The aim of this study was to investigate fungal infections in Channa punctatus and Channa striatus twenty specimens of each species were studied for the presence of fungal infections. Infected fish’s shows clinical signs such as fungal growth on skin, fins, eyes, eroded fins and scales, hemorrhages on body surface and abdominal distension. The ability of aquatic fungi to cause diseases in fish is well known potentially all freshwater fishes their incubating eggs are susceptible to fungal infection. The most common fungal diseases of fish are saprolegniasis, disease caused by Achlya, branchiomycosis, epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS). Saprolegniasis is one of the most common infections of freshwater fishes in warm temperature and tropical waters; distributed throughout worldwide. Although there are many reports of different Achlya species infecting fish, there is no consistent and regularly observed clinical condition such as occurs with Saprolegnia. EUS is a seasonal epizootic condition of great importance in wild and farmed freshwater.

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35

Willis, Trevor J. y Russell C. Babcock. "A baited underwater video system for the determination of relative density of carnivorous reef fish". Marine and Freshwater Research 51, n.º 8 (2000): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf00010.

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Estimates of the relative density of fishes form the basis of many marine ecological studies as well as the assessment of effects of fishing or pollution. Plasticity in the behavioural response of large reef fishes to SCUBA divers means that commonly used underwater visual census (UVC) techniques do not always provide reliable estimates of relative density. The paper describes the system configuration, deployment methods, testing and use of a remotely deployed baited underwater video (BUV) system for the survey of carnivorous reef fishes (snapper, Pagrus auratus and blue cod,Parapercis colias) in marine reserves of northern New Zealand. Concurrent UVC and BUV surveys inside and outside a marine reserve showed that, whereas UVC detected few snapper in either area (resulting in little confidence in statistically significant results), BUV demonstrated significant differences in relative density. Conversely, blue cod were found to occur at significantly higher densities within the reserve by UVC, but not by BUV. The provision of accurate estimates of fish size (<20 mm error) from video footage also illustrated differences in size structure between protected and fished populations. The data suggest that a combination of survey techniques is likely to be necessary where multispecies assemblages are being assessed.

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36

Emde, Gerhard von der y Stephan Schwarz. "Three–dimensional analysis of object properties during active electrolocation in mormyrid weakly electric fishes ( Gnathonemus petersii )". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 355, n.º 1401 (29 de septiembre de 2000): 1143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2000.0655.

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Weakly electric fishes are nocturnal and orientate in the absence of vision by using their electrical sense. This enables them not only to navigate but also to perceive and recognize objects in complete darkness. They create an electric field around their bodies by producing electric signals with specialized electric organs. Objects within this field alter the electric current at electroreceptor organs, which are distributed over almost the entire body surface. During active electrolocation, fishes detect, localize and analyse objects by monitoring their self–produced electric signals. We investigated the ability of the mormyrid Gnathonemus petersii to perceive objects three–dimensionally in space. Within a range of about 12cm, G.petersii can perceive the distance of objects. Depth perception is independent of object size, shape and material. The mechanism for distance determination through electrolocation involves calculating the ratio between two parameters (maximal slope and maximal amplitude) of the electrical image which each object projects onto the fish's skin. During active electrolocation, electric fishes cannot only locate objects in space but in addition can determine the three–dimensional shape of an object. Up to certain limits, objects are spontaneously categorized according to their shapes, but not according to their sizes or the materials of which they are made.

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37

Yu, Zhiwei, Kai Li, Yu Ji y Simon X. Yang. "Designs, motion mechanism, motion coordination, and communication of bionic robot fishes: a survey". Intelligence & Robotics 2, n.º 2 (2022): 180–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ir.2022.10.

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In the last few years, there have been many developments and significant accomplishments in the research of bionic robot fishes. However, in terms of swimming performance, existing bionic robot fishes lag far behind fish, prompting researchers to constantly innovative designs of various bionic robot fishes. In this paper, the latest designs of robot fishes are presented in detail, distinguished by the propulsion mode. New robot fishes are mainly includes soft robot fishes and rigid-soft coupled robot fishes. The latest progress in the study of the swimming mechanism is analyzed on the basis of summarizing the main swimming theories of fish. The current state-of-the-art research in the new field of motion coordination and communication of multiple robot fishes is summarized. The general research trend in robot fishes is to utilize a more efficient and robust methods to best mimic real fish while exhibiting superior swimming performance. The current challenges and potential future research directions are discussed. Various methods are needed to narrow the gap in swimming performance between robot fishes and fish. This paper is a first step to bring together roboticists and marine biologists interested in learning the state-of-the-art research on bionic robot fishes.

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38

Fee, Everett. "Encyclopedia of fishes". Limnology and Oceanography 44, n.º 3 (mayo de 1999): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1999.44.3.0737a.

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39

Kizer, Kenneth W. "Coral Reef Fishes". Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 13, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2002): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1580/1080-6032(2002)013[0278:br]2.0.co;2.

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40

Møller, Peter Rask. "Biology of Fishes". Marine Biology Research 5, n.º 4 (julio de 2009): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000902889821.

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41

Reinthal, Peter N., Graham Bell-Cross y John L. Minshull. "Fishes of Zimbabwe". Copeia 1989, n.º 3 (8 de agosto de 1989): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1445530.

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42

Etnier, David A., Henry W. Robison y Thomas M. Buchanan. "Fishes of Arkansas". Copeia 1989, n.º 3 (8 de agosto de 1989): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1445535.

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43

Robins, C. Richard, Margaret M. Smith y Phillip C. Heemstra. "Smiths' Sea Fishes". Copeia 1987, n.º 3 (5 de agosto de 1987): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1445686.

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44

Kynard, Boyd E. y Robert M. McDowall. "Diadromy in Fishes". Estuaries 12, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1989): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1351827.

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45

Reis, Roberto E. "Catalog of Fishes". Copeia 2000, n.º 3 (agosto de 2000): 904–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/0045-8511(2000)000[0904:br]2.0.co;2.

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46

Stevenson, Duane E. "FISHES OF ALASKA". Copeia 2003, n.º 1 (febrero de 2003): 202–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/0045-8511(2003)003[0202:]2.0.co;2.

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47

Ferraris, Carl J. "FISHES OF LAOS". Copeia 2003, n.º 1 (febrero de 2003): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/0045-8511(2003)003[0216:]2.0.co;2.

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48

Etnier, David A. "Fishes of Alabama". Copeia 2006, n.º 2 (mayo de 2006): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/0045-8511(2006)6[321:foa]2.0.co;2.

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49

Fricke, Hans. "Complementing for fishes". Nature 395, n.º 6701 (octubre de 1998): 454–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/26667.

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50

Smith, C. Lavett, John R. Paxton y William N. Eschmeyer. "Encyclopedia of Fishes". Copeia 1996, n.º 1 (2 de febrero de 1996): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1446971.

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