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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Fire"

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Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 29 de julio de 2024

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1

Abdullah, Muhd Afiq Hizami, Mohd Zulham Affandi Mohd Zahid, Badorul Hisham Abu Bakar, Fadzli Mohamed Nazri y Afizah Ayob. "UHPFRC as Repair Material for Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Structure – A Review". Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (octubre de 2015): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.283.

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Exposure of concrete to intense heat will cause deterioration of its strength and durability. Previously, the fire-damaged concrete was repaired using the shotcrete and normal concrete. Recent studies utilize fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) in repairing fire-damaged concrete. Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) mostly developed using fine size aggregate, cement, silica fume, super plasticizer and reinforced with steel fibre has an excellent mechanical properties compared to high strength concrete and with an addition of steel fibre in the UHPFRC enhances its ductility behaviour which is not possessed by normal concrete, hence, UHPFRC indicates a promising candidate as repair material to fire-damaged concrete. The aim of this paper is to review on the properties of UHPFRC to be utilized as repair material to fire-damaged concrete structure based on previous research on UHPFRC and fire-damaged structure.

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2

Gill, A. Malcolm y Grant Allan. "Large fires, fire effects and the fire-regime concept". International Journal of Wildland Fire 17, n.º 6 (2008): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf07145.

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‘Large’ fires may be declared so because of their absolute or relative area. Huge fires – with areas of more than 106 ha (104 km2) have occurred across a wide spectrum of Australian environments and are known on other continents. Such large fires are rare whereas fires with much smaller areas are common. Large fires are initiated by single or multiple ignitions and become large because of some combination of: rapid rates of spread; long ‘life’; merging, and failure of initial suppression operations. Fires as ecological ‘events’ occur within a ‘regime’ – an historical series. Both events and regimes have effects that may be discerned in terms of water, land, air or organisms. What have been regarded as the components of ‘regimes’ have differed between observers, the main issue being whether or not spatial variables need to be included; ‘area’ involvement is briefly addressed. The current trend toward fire-regime control through fuel treatment, including management (prescribed) burning, and fire suppression may be expected to continue. These trends, among others, can be expected to change fire regimes. What is regarded as ‘large’ among fires may change as the planet becomes increasingly human-dominated.

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3

Stern, P. R. "Fine Dendrites Fire Differently". Science Signaling 2, n.º 83 (11 de agosto de 2009): ec270-ec270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.283ec270.

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4

Ramya Laxmi, K., A. Sreeja, E. Revanth, Manasa Gourishetty y M. Rushikesh. "AUTOMATED FIRE DETECTION AND SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM". YMER Digital 21, n.º 04 (24 de abril de 2022): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.04/41.

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The major goal of this project is to build a fire detection and surveillance system that is automatic. During surveillance, Convolutional Neural Networks will be employed to detect the fire (CNNs). Such methods, on the other hand, typically need greater processing time and memory, limiting their use in surveillance networks. We propose a low-cost fire detection CNN architecture for surveillance films in this research. This is mostly concerned with computational complexity and detection precision. The model is fine-tuned to balance efficiency and accuracy, taking into account the nature of the target problem and fire data. This system takes an image or video file as input and detects fire and fire percentages that are precise enough to prevent fire mishaps and save human lives.

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5

Lee, Sung Yeong, Jun Ha Park, Su Yeon Yang y Sangil Ryu. "AHP to Operate Drones with Fire Extinguishing Grenades during High-rise Fires". Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 14, n.º 1 (30 de enero de 2024): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/jscm.2024.1.19.

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The study utilized AHP analysis to enhance the application of fire extinguishing agents in high-rise building fires. Experts identified institutional and policy improvements as the foremost priority, emphasizing the need for legal safeguards for private interests in similar situations. Alongside this, there was a strong emphasis on the significance of improving the performance of fire extinguishing agents. This research holds particular importance in guiding policy decisions, serving as foundational data for potential advancements in fire response strategies. Notably, experts suggest a focus on the deployment of fire extinguishing agent-loaded drones, especially in scenarios where access is challenging, such as high-rise buildings. The prioritization of institutional and policy improvements underscores the necessity for robust regulatory frameworks. Ultimately, the study contributes essential insights for shaping policies and technological enhancements to address high-rise building fires effectively.

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6

Lewis, Fas. "Fire fire". Journal of the Forensic Science Society 25, n.º 1 (enero de 1985): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-7368(85)72371-7.

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7

Cochrane, Mark A. y David M. J. S. Bowman. "Manage fire regimes, not fires". Nature Geoscience 14, n.º 7 (julio de 2021): 455–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00791-4.

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8

Schullery, Paul. "The Fires and Fire Policy". BioScience 39, n.º 10 (noviembre de 1989): 686–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1310999.

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9

Jarvis, Debbie. "Opening fire on open fires". Lancet Respiratory Medicine 1, n.º 5 (julio de 2013): 351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(13)70103-6.

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10

Bednar, Larry F., Romain Mees y David Strauss. "Fire Suppression Effectiveness for Simultaneous Fires: An Examination of Fire Histories". Western Journal of Applied Forestry 5, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1990): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/5.1.16.

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Abstract We examined fire and weather records for areas of the western United States for the period 1970-1984 to determine the effects of simultaneous wildfire occurrence on fire suppression efforts. Burning conditions were accounted for by use of short strings of fires which involved simultaneous suppression efforts. These strings were matched with closely preceding isolated fires to form matched sets, which were used to examine the relative effects of simultaneous fire occurrence. Fires were predominantly lightning-caused, and within matched sets they showed little difference in burning conditions. The first-occurring fires in the strings showed significantly longer suppression times than the preceding isolated fires, and travel times to the sixth-occurring fires were significantly greater than times to the first-occurring fire. These effects are not entirely consistent with expectations of fire personnel, perhaps because of shortcomings in the fire history records, which are particularly deficient in reporting force allocation, fire progress, and fire location. West. J. Appl. For. 5(1):16-19.

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11

Михайлин, Павел Олегович. "ANALYSIS OF FIRES IN FIRE DIVISIONS". Pozharnaia bezopasnost`, n.º 4(109) (16 de diciembre de 2022): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37657/vniipo.pb.2022.109.4.007.

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Рассмотрены методические и аналитические аспекты влияния на уровень пожарно-тактической подготовки должностных лиц пожарно-спасательных гарнизонов, органов управления подразделений пожарной охраны процедур изучения и разбора (в рамках школ оперативного мастерства) крупных, резонансных пожаров, а также пожаров с массовым травматизмом и гибелью людей (включая сотрудников подразделений пожарной охраны) на территории Российской Федерации. Актуальность проведенного исследования обусловлена необходимостью повышения уровня профессиональной подготовки оперативного личного состава пожарно-спасательных гарнизонов. Результаты, полученные в ходе исследования, могут быть использованы при обосновании единого системного подхода к проведению занятий по исследованию пожаров, а также для корректировки общепринятой методологии проведения самих занятий. The resulting fires cause enormous material damage and most of all human casualties. Fire-fighting is an integral part of the national security of any state. The current dynamics of fire development when burning modern combustible materials is ten times higher than the dynamics of fire development occurring 20-30 years ago. The reduction of the parameters for fire development is achieved by various elements of fire fighting, including the professional knowledge and skills of the management of fire departments to manage forces and means at fire. In order to improve the level of professional training fire departments conduct fire investigation classes. As part of the fire research there is carried out the analysis of fire. All major fires that have occurred are subject to fire review and fire descriptions are prepared. In this article there is carried out the work on investigation of the dependence of the work on the review of fires to the level of professional knowledge of the management of the fire service. The study period was 2021, compared to 2020. During the 12 months of 2021, there were 388,400 fires on the territory of the Russian Federation, including 623 large ones, which correspondingly accounts for 0.2 % of the total number of fires that occurred. From the documents analyzed, it was found that a total of 5,747 fires (including large fires) were dismantled during this period, which accounted for 1.4 % of the total number of fires that occurred. The fire was subject to review with the participation of different types of fire protection (1,782 fire - 31 % of all disassembled fires) and fires of practical interest to fire guards (3,601 fire - 63 % of all disassembled fires), the rest were (364 fires - 6 % of all disassembled fires) disassembled for other reasons. Typically, for every major fire (623 fires) a fire is described, but within 2021 there were developed 765 descriptions, accounting for 123 % of all major fires. The work carried out as part of the study of the impact of work on the review of fires on professional skills, showed the relevance of this work, as well as the need to develop methodological support for the conduct of these classes. It was also found that fire analysis classes are progressing and depend on the total number of fires that occurred, the total number of major fires that occurred, as well as having a direct impact on the level of training of fire brigade management, which is reflected in the improvement of fire fighting planning, as well as the effective management of forces and means of fire protection units at the scene of the call.

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12

Mural. P, Lilly Grace. "Fire Accidents with High Fire Spread in Buildings". Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, n.º 6 (1 de octubre de 2011): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/june2014/62.

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13

Wu, Jinxiang, Meijuan Yan, Yingting Zhang, Xiang Gou, Enyu Wang y Liansheng Liu. "B312 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON GAS FIRE FLASHOVER(Fire)". Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2009.3 (2009): _3–123_—_3–127_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2009.3._3-123_.

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14

Marková, Iveta, Jozef Lauko, Linda Makovická Osvaldová, Vladimír Mózer, Jozef Svetlík, Mikuláš Monoši y Michal Orinčák. "Fire Size of Gasoline Pool Fires". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 2 (8 de enero de 2020): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020411.

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This article presents an experimental investigation of the flame characteristics of the gasoline pool fire. A series of experiments with different pool sizes and mixture contents were conducted to study the combustion behavior of pool fires in atmospheric conditions. The initial pool area of 0.25 m2, 0.66 m2, and 2.8 m2, the initial volume of fuel and time of burning process, and the initial gasoline thickness of 20 mm were determined in each experiment. The fire models are defined by the European standard EN 3 and were used to model fire of the class MB (model liquid fire for the fire area 0.25 m2), of the class 21B (model liquid fire for the fire area 0.66 m2), and 89B (model liquid fire for the fire area 2.8 m2). The fire models were used to class 21B and 89B for fuel by Standard EN 3. The flame geometrical characteristics were recorded by a CCD (charge-coupled device) digital camera. The results show turbulent flame with constant loss burning rate per area, different flame height, and different heat release rate. Regression rate increases linearly with increasing pans diameter. The results show a linear dependence of the HRR (heat release rate) depending on the fire area (average 2.6 times).

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15

Monballieu, Aagje, Danny Praet y Mark Janse. "Salted with Fire. Biblical Allusions, Heraclitus and Judgement by Fire in Julio Cortázar’s ‘All Fires the Fire’". Orbis Litterarum 66, n.º 4 (12 de julio de 2011): 312–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0730.2011.01023.x.

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16

Miller, Richard F. y Emily K. Heyerdahl. "Fine-scale variation of historical fire regimes in sagebrush-steppe and juniper woodland: an example from California, USA". International Journal of Wildland Fire 17, n.º 2 (2008): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf07016.

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Coarse-scale estimates of fire intervals across the mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata spp. vaseyana (Rydb.) Beetle) alliance range from decades to centuries. However, soil depth and texture can affect the abundance and continuity of fine fuels and vary at fine spatial scales, suggesting fire regimes may vary at similar scales. We explored variation in fire frequency across 4000 ha in four plant associations with differing soils in which mountain big sagebrush and western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis subsp. occidentalis Hook.) were diagnostic or a transitory component. We reconstructed fire frequency from fire-scarred ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson) in one association. The other three associations lacked fire-scarred trees so we inferred fire frequency from establishment or death dates of western juniper and a model of the rate of post-fire succession we developed from current vegetation along a chronosequence of time-since-fire. Historical fire frequency varied at fine spatial scales in response to soil-driven variation in fuel abundance and continuity and spanned the range of frequencies currently debated. Fire intervals ranged from decades in areas of deep, productive soils where fine fuels were likely abundant and continuous, to centuries in areas of shallow, coarse soils where fine fuel was likely limited.

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17

Wang, F., S. Lu y C. Li. "Analysis Of Fire Statistics Of China: Fire Frequency And Fatalities In Fires". Fire Safety Science 8 (2005): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3801/iafss.fss.8-353.

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18

BUTLER, LORRAINE JANE. "FIRE ALARM: ELIMINATING FIRE HAZARDS AND EXTINGUISHING FIRES IN THE OPERATING ROOM". AORN Journal 60, n.º 2 (agosto de 1994): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2092(07)62752-5.

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19

WU, Jinxiang, Yingting ZHANG, Meijuan YAN, Xiang GOU, Enyu WANG y Liansheng LIU. "B313 NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF GAS FIRE BACKDRAFT PHENOMENON(Fire)". Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2009.3 (2009): _3–129_—_3–133_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2009.3._3-129_.

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20

Hiers, J. Kevin, Joseph J. O'Brien, R. J. Mitchell, John M. Grego y E. Louise Loudermilk. "The wildland fuel cell concept: an approach to characterize fine-scale variation in fuels and fire in frequently burned longleaf pine forests". International Journal of Wildland Fire 18, n.º 3 (2009): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf08084.

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In ecosystems with frequent surface fire regimes, fire and fuel heterogeneity has been largely overlooked owing to the lack of unburned patches and the difficulty in measuring fire behavior at fine scales (0.1–10 m). The diverse vegetation in these ecosystems varies at these fine scales. This diversity could be driven by the influences of local interactions among patches of understorey vegetation and canopy-supplied fine fuels on fire behavior, yet no method we know of can capture fine-scale fuel and fire measurements such that these relationships could be rigorously tested. We present here an original method for inventorying of fine-scale fuels and in situ measures of fire intensity within longleaf pine forests of the south-eastern USA. Using ground-based LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) with traditional fuel inventory approaches, we characterized within-fuel bed variation into discrete patches, termed wildland fuel cells, which had distinct fuel composition, characteristics, and architecture that became spatially independent beyond 0.5 m2. Spatially explicit fire behavior was measured in situ through digital infrared thermography. We found that fire temperatures and residence times varied at similar scales to those observed for wildland fuel cells. The wildland fuels cell concept could seamlessly connect empirical studies with numerical models or cellular automata models of fire behavior, representing a promising means to better predict within-burn heterogeneity and fire effects.

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21

Ingason, H. "Fire Development In Large Tunnel Fires". Fire Safety Science 8 (2005): 1497–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3801/iafss.fss.8-1497.

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22

Wykes, John S. y R. A. Lieberman. "All fired up over fire detectors". Physics World 6, n.º 8 (agosto de 1993): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/6/8/20.

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23

Bukharov, S. V. y A. S. Pan'shin. "Fibre-Reinforced Fire-Resistant Mineral Composites". International Polymer Science and Technology 32, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2005): 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x0503200915.

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24

Resco de Dios, Victor y Domingo Molina-Terrén. "Fires: degree courses for fire professionals". Nature 551, n.º 7680 (noviembre de 2017): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-017-06022-4.

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25

Balázs, György L. y Olivér Czoboly. "Fibre Cocktail to Improve Fire Resistance". Key Engineering Materials 711 (septiembre de 2016): 480–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.480.

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Favourable experience with fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) resulted in its increasing use worldwide. The properties of fibre reinforced concrete are mostly influenced by the type and the amount of fibres. Our experimental study was directed to the possible improvements of the residual flexural strength and the properties of concrete exposed to high temperatures with different fibre cocktails including steel, micro polymer or cellulose fibres. The influence of type and amount of fibres on residual flexural strength in cold state were tested after 300, 500 or 800 °C temperature loading.

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26

Sarvaranta, Leena y Esko Mikkola. "Fibre mortar composites in fire conditions". Fire and Materials 18, n.º 1 (enero de 1994): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810180106.

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27

Rautio, James. "Fire! fire! fire! [fire that destroyed the James Clerk Maxwell home]". IEEE Microwave Magazine 14, n.º 4 (junio de 2013): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2013.2248653.

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28

Rao, Leela E., John R. Matchett, Matthew L. Brooks, Robert F. Johnson, Richard A. Minnich y Edith B. Allen. "Relationships between annual plant productivity, nitrogen deposition and fire size in low-elevation California desert scrub". International Journal of Wildland Fire 24, n.º 1 (2015): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf13152.

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Although precipitation is correlated with fire size in desert ecosystems and is typically used as an indirect surrogate for fine fuel load, a direct link between fine fuel biomass and fire size has not been established. In addition, nitrogen (N) deposition can affect fire risk through its fertilisation effect on fine fuel production. In this study, we examine the relationships between fire size and precipitation, N deposition and biomass with emphasis on identifying biomass and N deposition thresholds associated with fire spreading across the landscape. We used a 28-year fire record of 582 burns from low-elevation desert scrub to evaluate the relationship of precipitation, N deposition and biomass with the distribution of fire sizes using quantile regression. We found that models using annual biomass have similar predictive ability to those using precipitation and N deposition at the lower to intermediate portions of the fire size distribution. No distinct biomass threshold was found, although within the 99th percentile of the distribution fire size increased with greater than 125 g m–2 of winter fine fuel production. The study did not produce an N deposition threshold, but did validate the value of 125 g m–2 of fine fuel for spread of fires.

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29

POTOČNIK, VIKTOR. "KONCEPT EŠALONIRANJA OGNJEV IN SISTEMI OGNJENE PODPORE V SLOVENSKI VOJSKI". CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES, VOLUME 2016/ ISSUE 18/1 (30 de mayo de 2016): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.18.1.5.

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V članku se ukvarjamo s konceptom ešaloniranja ognjev. Zmogljivosti sistemov za ognjeno podporo pri majhnih vojskah so omejene, zato je pravilna in smotrna upraba koncepta ešaloniranja ognjev bistvena za uspeh na bojišču. Hkrati pa predvsem manjše članice Nata upravičeno pričakujejo, da bodo v operacijah zavezništva deležne tudi učinkov sistemov združene ognjene podpore, ki jih imajo na voljo velike države. Vnadaljevanju predstavimo koncept ešaloniranja ognjev in njegov vpliv na oblikovanje dobrega sistema ognjene podpore na taktični ravni, od ravni voda do brigade. Nazadnje pa pogledamo na zmogljivosti Slovenske vojske in njenih sistemov za posredne ognje znotraj širšega sistema ognjene podpore Slovenske vojske in združene ognjene podpore zavezništva ter navedemo nekaj ključnih ugotovitev, ki bi lahko služile kot premislek pri nadaljnji gradnji zmogljivosti Slovenske vojske. The article discusses the concept of echelonment of fires. Small armed forces such as the Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF) have a limited joint fires capability. Therefore, in order to succeed on the battlefield, they have to correctly apply the principles of echelonment of fires. Additionally, smaller NATO members rightfully expect to receive some of the Joint Fires Effects from larger member armies in the Joint Operational Environment. The article looks at the Joint Fire Support and indirect fire systems, and what the terms mean for small NATO member states with limited capabilities. It then goes on to present the concept of echelonment of fires and some key terms within the concept. Lastly, it looks at SAF capabilities through the echelonment of fires concept and Indirect Fire Systems. The author also puts forward some suggestions for future development of SAF capabilities.

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30

Yin, Xiao-Yu, Tao Liu, Ye-Cheng Liu, Yan Tang, An-Chi Huang, Xi-Lin Dong y Yuan-Jun Liu. "Feasibility Study of Fine Water Mist Applied to Cold Storage Fire Protection". Processes 10, n.º 8 (5 de agosto de 2022): 1533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10081533.

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The self-built fine water mist fire extinguishing platform studied the fire extinguishing effect of ultra-fine water mist in cold storage fires. The combustible material selected for our experiments is the cold storage insulation material—polystyrene insulation foam board. The combustion characteristics of the insulation board were studied by pyrolysis analysis. We analyzed the temperature, smoke, and other characteristics of the fire scene when a fire occurs in the cold storage and then manipulated the water mist to carry out the fire extinguishing experiment. Experiments aim to change the particle size and pressure of water mist and study the fire extinguishing efficiency of water mist under different conditions. A thorough analysis was used to determine the particle size range of fine water mist most suited for extinguishing fires in cold storage to offer a theoretical foundation for fire protection design.

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31

Caldová, Eva, František Wald y Anna Kuklíková. "Fire Test of Timber-fibre Concrete Composite Floor". Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 6, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2015): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/2040-2317.6.2.147.

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The subject of this paper is a description of experimental programme of timber-fibre concrete floor in fire. Furnace test was performed on one full-size floor specimen at the Fire testing laboratory PAVUS. Floor specimen was 4, 5 m long and 3 m wide, consisting of 60 mm fibre concrete topping on plywood formwork, connected to GL beams. It was subjected the standard fire for over 150 min. The membrane effect of the floor was progressively activated and the fire performance of timber-fibre concrete floor was better comparing to traditional design method. The project is a part of the experimental research that deals with the effect of membrane action of composite timber fibre reinforced floor slabs exposed to fire which is based on previous research on steel fibre reinforced concrete slabs. The main objective of the project is the preparation of the analytical model which can predict the fire resistance of such floors with dispersed reinforcement.

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32

Finney, Mark A. y Sara S. McAllister. "A Review of Fire Interactions and Mass Fires". Journal of Combustion 2011 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/548328.

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The character of a wildland fire can change dramatically in the presence of another nearby fire. Understanding and predicting the changes in behavior due to fire-fire interactions cannot only be life-saving to those on the ground, but also be used to better control a prescribed fire to meet objectives. In discontinuous fuel types, such interactions may elicit fire spread where none otherwise existed. Fire-fire interactions occur naturally when spot fires start ahead of the main fire and when separate fire events converge in one location. Interactions can be created intentionally during prescribed fires by using spatial ignition patterns. Mass fires are among the most extreme examples of interactive behavior. This paper presents a review of the detailed effects of fire-fire interaction in terms of merging or coalescence criteria, burning rates, flame dimensions, flame temperature, indraft velocity, pulsation, and convection column dynamics. Though relevant in many situations, these changes in fire behavior have yet to be included in any operational-fire models or decision support systems.

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33

Hokugo, Akihiko, Tomoaki Nishino y Takuya Inada. "Damage and Effects Caused by Tsunami Fires: Fire Spread, Fire Fighting and Evacuation". Fire Science and Technology 30, n.º 4 (2011): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3210/fst.30.117.

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34

Blomqvist, Per, Lars Rosell y Margaret Simonson. "Emissions from Fires Part I: Fire Retarded and Non-Fire Retarded TV-Sets". Fire Technology 40, n.º 1 (enero de 2004): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:fire.0000003315.47815.cb.

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35

Engle, DM y JF Stritzke. "Fire Behavior and Fire Effects on Eastern Redcedar in Hardwood Leaf-Litter Fires". International Journal of Wildland Fire 5, n.º 3 (1995): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf9950135.

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Treatment of stands of hardwoods in the cross timbers of the central United States with tebuthiuron (N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-dimethylurea) can significantly decrease canopy cover of hardwoods. However, at the rate used for hardwood control, tebuthiuron does not control eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana L.). Our objective was to determine the potential of using fires in the hardwood leaf litter, either before or after tebuthiuron, for controlling eastern redcedar. To do this, we compared fuelbed characteristics, fire behavior, and fire effects on eastern redcedar in naturally occurring hardwood leaf litter with those augmented by leaves dropped following a single application of tebuthiuron. Studies were conducted in 1988, 1989, and 1991 on a cross timbers site dominated by an overstory of post oak (Quercus stellata Wangenh.) and blackjack oak (Q. marilandica Muenchh.) and with eastern redcedar in the understory. Factors evaluated included herbicide treatment (tebuthiuron or no herbicide) and burning season (late summer or winter). Tebuthiuron at 2.2 kg a.i. Ha-1 was applied to plots (25 X 25 m) in March of the study years. In late summer, tebuthiuron-treated plots contained almost twice the 1-hr fuel loading as untreated plots. Fuel depth on untreated plots in late summer was about half that of other herbicide treatments and burning date combinations. Fuel loading on plots burned in winter was not affected by tebuthiuron treatment, and no differences in fuel consumption were detected among any treatments. Moisture content of 1-hr fuels on plots burned in winter was more than twice that of 1-hr fuels on plots burned in late summer. Fire intensity was low with all bums, and no differences in fire behavior were detected among any treatments. Crown scorch of 75% or greater on small eastern redcedar trees was considered a successful burn, and this resulted on all but the late summer-no tebuthiuron treatment. The natural log of fireline intensity explained about 47% (P<0.0006)) of the variation in fire success, and ambient air temperature explained an additional 19% (P<0.0468). Although tebuthiuron treatments effectively augmented leaf-litter fuel load by late-summer and provided a suitable fuelbed for burning, crown scorch and tree kill were not greatly improved by burning in late summer as compared to winter. We conclude that understory eastern redcedar can be controlled successfully by burning leaf-litter fuelbeds in either late fall or winter after natural leaf-fall from hardwood trees or in late summer, fall, or winter following a spring application of tebuthiuron for control of overstory hardwoods.

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O'Loughlin, Ciara. "Fighting Fire with Fire". Conflict and Society 2, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2016): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arcs.2016.020112.

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Recent decades have seen an explosion of interest in transitional justice. Although much attention has been directed toward measuring the effects of transitional justice mechanisms, discussion of the motivations for and manifestations of resistance to transitional justice processes has been limited. Th is article contributes to this underexamined area through an analysis of the nature of resistance to transitional justice in Bahrain following the February 2011 uprisings. It identifies existing explanations for resistance to and engagement with transitional justice before considering whether Mitchell Dean’s analytics of government approach—with its emphasis on identifying discrepancies between actors’ declared and actual intentions—assists in revealing less obvious manifestations of resistance, such as those seen in Bahrain. It is suggested that adopting the institutional manifestations of transitional justice may, paradoxically, be understood as a strategy for resisting popular demands for accountability and political transformation—the very notions at the core of any transition.

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37

Ness, Erik. "Fighting Fire with Fire". Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1, n.º 5 (junio de 2003): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3868002.

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Moody-Adams, Michele M. y Judith Butler. "Fighting Fire with Fire". Women's Review of Books 15, n.º 1 (octubre de 1997): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4022756.

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39

Hanasz, Waldemar. "Fighting Fire with Fire". Social Philosophy Today 13 (1998): 309–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/socphiltoday19981333.

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Voytas, Daniel F. "Fighting fire with fire". Nature 451, n.º 7177 (enero de 2008): 412–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/451412a.

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Pyne, S. J. "Old Fire, New Fire". Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 6, n.º 2 (1 de julio de 1999): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isle/6.2.179.

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Lynas, Mark. "Fighting fire with fire". Nature Climate Change 1, n.º 712 (22 de noviembre de 2007): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/climate.2007.66.

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Berg, Carla J., Regine Haardörfer, Betelihem Getachew, Teresa Johnston, Bruce Foster y Michael Windle. "Fighting Fire With Fire". Social Marketing Quarterly 23, n.º 4 (10 de julio de 2017): 302–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500417718533.

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Limited public health research has used psychographic profiling to segment young adults and examine their substance use behaviors. We aimed to conduct market research to identify young adult market segments at risk for alternative tobacco products (ATPs), alcohol, and marijuana use. Substance use; psychographics per the Values, Attitudes, and Lifestyle Scale (VALS); and other key variables were assessed at baseline in a longitudinal study of 3,418 students aged 18–25 from seven colleges/universities in the state of Georgia. Cluster analysis was conducted on VALS factors to identify distinct segments. Regression examined segments in relation to substance use risk. Past 30-day use prevalence for each substance was as follows: cigarettes, 13.3%; little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs), 11.2%; smokeless tobacco (SLT), 3.6%; e-cigarettes, 10.9%; hookah, 12.2%; alcohol, 63.1%; and marijuana, 19.0%. Five segments were identified, created, and named: Conventionals, Simple Lifes, Open Minds, Confident Novelty-seekers, and Stoic Individualists. Controlling for sociodemographics, Open Minds, Confident Novelty-seekers, and Stoic Individualists (vs. Conventionals [referent]) were more likely to smoke cigarettes. Confident Novelty-seekers were more likely to use LCCs. Simple Lifes were less likely to use SLT. Open Minds and Confident Novelty-seekers were more likely to use e-cigarettes. Open Minds were more likely and Simple Lifes were less likely to use hookah. Open Minds were more likely to use alcohol; Simple Lifes and Stoic Individualists were less likely to use alcohol. Open Minds were more likely to use marijuana. Market research is an effective strategy for identifying young adults at risk for using distinct ATPs and can inform targeted health campaigns and cessation interventions.

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Wood, Heather. "Fighting fire with fire". Nature Reviews Neuroscience 4, n.º 5 (mayo de 2003): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn1111.

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Kan, Hong, Mitchell S. Finkel y Louis A. Johnson. "Fighting fire with fire". Critical Care Medicine 26, n.º 10 (octubre de 1998): 1628–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199810000-00006.

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Rusk, Nicole. "Fighting fire with fire". Nature Methods 5, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2008): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth1108-920.

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Biswas, Susmit, Mohit Tiwari, Timothy Sherwood, Luke Theogarajan y Frederic T. Chong. "Fighting fire with fire". ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News 39, n.º 3 (22 de junio de 2011): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2024723.2000104.

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Kojima, Noah y Jeffrey D. Klausner. "Fight Fire With Fire". Sexually Transmitted Diseases 45, n.º 10 (octubre de 2018): e85-e86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/olq.0000000000000887.

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Ornes, Stephen. "Fighting fire with fire". Physics World 30, n.º 7 (julio de 2017): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/30/7/39.

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Slaughter, J., S. Soltys y T. Eppright. "Fighting fire with fire". Academic Medicine 73, n.º 8 (agosto de 1998): 836–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199808000-00007.

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