Tesis sobre el tema "Filtrage variant dans le temps"
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Krémé, Ama Marina. "Modification locale et consistance globale dans le plan temps-fréquence". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0340.
Texto completoNowadays, it has become easy to edit images, such as blurring an area, or changing it to hide or add an object, a person, etc. Image editing is one of the basic tools of most image processing software. In the context of audio signals, it is often more natural to perform such an editing in a transformed domain, in particular the time-frequency domain. Again, this is a fairly common practice, but not necessarily based on sound theoretical arguments. Application cases include the restoration of regions of the time-frequency plane where information has been lost (e.g. phase information), the reconstruction of a degraded signal by an additive perturbation well localized in the time-frequency plane, or the separation of signals localized in different regions of the time-frequency plane. In this thesis, we propose and develop theoretical and algorithmic methods to solve this issue. We first formulate the problem as a missing data reconstruction problem in which the missing data are only the phases of the time-frequency coefficients. We formulate it mathematically, then we propose three methods to solve it. Secondly, we propose an approach that consists in attenuating a source of degradation with the assumption that it is localized in a specific region of the time-frequency plane. We consider the case where the signal of interest is perturbed by an additive signal and has an energy that is more widely spread in the time-frequency plane. We formulate it as an optimization problem designed to attenuate the perturbation with precise control of the level of attenuation. We obtain the exact solution of the problem which involves operators called Gabor multipliers
Bonnetat, Antoine. "Etude et conception d'algorithmes de correction d'erreurs dans des structures de conversion analogique-numérique entrelacées pour applications radar et guerre électronique". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0289/document.
Texto completoThe evolution of radar and electronic warfare systems tends to develop digitalreceivers with wider bandwidths. This constraint reaches the Analog to Digital Converters(ADC) which must provide a sample rate higher and higher while maintaining a reducedpower dissipation. A solution to meet this demand is the Time-Interleaved ADC (TIADC)which parallelizes M ADCs, increasing the sampling frequency of an M factor while still ina proportionate relation to the power loss. However, the dynamic performance of TIADCsare reduced by errors related to the mismatches between the sampling channels, due to themanufacturing processes, the supply voltage and the temperature variations. These errors canbe modeled as the result of offset, gain and clock-skew mismatches and globally as from thefrequency response mismatches. It is these last mismatches, unless addressed in the literaturethat carry our work. The objective is to study these errors to derive a model and an estimationmethod then, to propose digital compensation methods that can be implemented on a FPGAtarget.First, we propose a general TIADC model using frequency response mismatches for any Mchannel number. Our model merge a continuous-time description of mismatches and a discretetimeone of the interleaving process, resulting in an expression of the TIADC errors as a linearperiodic time-varying (LPTV) system applied to the uniformly sampled analog signal. Then,we propose a method to estimate TIADC errors based on the correlation properties of theoutput signal for any M channel. Next, we define a frequency response mismatch compensationarchitecture for TIADC errors and we study its performance related to its configuration and theinput signal. We describe an FPGA implementation of this architecture for M=4 interleavedchannels and we study the resources consumption to propose optimisations. Finally, we proposea second compensation method, specific to M=2 interleaved channels and derived from the firstone, but working on the analytical signal from the TIADC output and we compare it to a similarstate-of-the-art method
Luzi, Alexandru. "Commande variant dans le temps pour le contrôle d'attitude de satellites". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0006/document.
Texto completoThis manuscript considers time varying control, with a strong emphasis on a satellite attitude control application. Three types of control structures have been studied: a switch-based approach, LPV control and direct adaptive control. In this last field we have introduced new theoretical results which allow structuring the gain and the adaptation law. The results have been validated in simulation and are currently tested on board a satellite. Starting from the switch-based control law currently implemented on the Myriade satellites, a first part of our work isdedicated to LPV control. Based on the specification of the control objectives by using of an LPV reference model, our approach allows obtaining new control algorithms expressed within this framework. The simulations carried out with theLPV algorithms obtained by using this method show that they meet the needs of our application. Nonetheless, the choice of a reference model proves to be difficult. This obstacle has been surpassed by using direct adaptive control. In this approach, specifications regarding the timevarying behaviour are added through constraints on the laws defining the control gains adaptation. We thus introduce anew synthesis method, based on which structured adaptive control laws are obtained. Stability proofs are established based on tools of the Lyapunov theory.The results obtained on a complete simulator show the interest of using such adaptive algorithms, which allow in particular to modify the satellite dynamics depending on the available capacity of the actuators. Based on these positive results, a fight-test campaign on the PICARD satellite is underway
Alvarez, Jarquin Nohemi. "Consensus variant dans le temps : application à la formation de véhicles". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112092/document.
Texto completoThe multiple applications related to networked multi-agent systems such as satellite formation flying, coupled oscillators, air traffic control, unmanned air vehicles, cooperative transport, among others, has been undoubtedly a watershed for the development of this thesis. The study of cooperative control of multi-agent systems is of great interest for his extensive field work and applications. This thesis is devoted to the study of consensus seeking of multi-agents systems and trajectory tracking of nonholonomic mobile robots.In the context of consensus seeking, first we study a ring topology of dynamic agents with time-dependent communication links which may disconnect for long intervals of time. Simple checkable conditions are obtained by using small-gain theorem to guarantee the achievement of consensus. Then, we deal with a network of dynamic agents with time-dependent communication links interconnected over a time-varying topology. We establish that consensus is reached provided that there always exists a « spanning-tree » for a minimal dwell-time by using stability theory of time-varying and switched systems. In the context of trajectory tracking, we investigate a simple leader-follower tracking controller for autonomous vehicles following straight lines. We show that global tracking may be achieved by a controller which has a property of persistency of excitation tailored for nonlinear systems. Roughly speaking the stabilisation mechanism relies on exciting the system by an amount that is proportional to the tracking error. Moreover, the method is used to solve the problem of formation tracking of multiple vehicles interconnected on the basis of a « spanning-tree » topology. We derive stability conditions for the kinematic and dynamic model by using a Lyapunov approach
Agulhari, Cristiano Marcos. "Stabilité et commande des systèmes linéaires variant dans le temps aux paramètres incertains". Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00822689.
Texto completoHénocq, Xavier. "Contrôle d'erreur pour transmission de flux vidéo temps réel sur réseaux de paquets hétérogènes et variant dans le temps". Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10020.
Texto completoPons, Renaud. "Diagnostic à bases de modèles et maintenance des systèmes dynamiques variant dans le temps". Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30197.
Texto completoDimogianopoulos, Dimitrios. "Commande adaptative des systèmes linéaires à paramètres constants et lentement variant dans le temps". Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1230.
Texto completoAndaloussi, Chafik. "Propriétés structurelles des systèmes linéaires à paramètres variant dans le temps : approche bond-graph". Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ECLI0004.
Texto completoThis thesis aims at the study of the structural properties on the bond-graph models. The principal motivation is to contribute to the resolution of the problems related on the study of the structural properties and calculation of the inverse system of a LTV system using of the properties and the advantages offered by a graphical representation such as the bond-graph. These problems are approached in the case of linear bond-graphs models with time varying parameters and the adequate tools were proposed. To achieve these goals, new concepts and tools were introduced. In particular, defining the concept of noncommutative bond-graph ring, a new gain rule known under the name of “Riegle rule” is introduced in bond-graph. In addition, thanks to the introduction of the notion of the differential algebra and using of the operators (delta and sigma), it became possible to graphically calculate the terms of the matrices of commandability/observability by using appropriate rules based on calculation length of the causal paths inputs-states/states-outputs. It is also shown that the graphic rules of the study of the infinite structure remain applicable in a bond-graph ring. Finally, to go further in the introduction of the algebra tool and modules to the bond-graphs, the study of the properties of inversibility of a bond-graph ring model was approached. In this context and basing on the disjoint input-output causal paths notion, it is possible to make an analysis of the inversibility directly from its BG model. It is also shown that the bicausality concept and graphic determination of the differential parameterization by using the rule of Riegle are made possible
Tjokronegoro, Harijono Abidin. "Estimation adaptative des paramètres de systèmes variant dans le temps et détection de ruptures". Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0145.
Texto completoMesnager, Laurent. "Estimation en temps petit de densités conditionnelles dans des problèmes de filtrage non linéaire". Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112243.
Texto completoAlberi-Morel, Marie-Line. "Egalisation lineaire adaptative et spatio-temporelle de canaux variant dans le temps : application dans un environnement radio-mobile". Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112104.
Texto completoJridi, Maher. "Etude, modélisation et amélioration des performances des convertisseurs analogique numérique entrelacés dans le temps". Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13517.
Texto completoSéguret, Serge. "Géostatistique des phénomènes à tendance périodique (dans l'espace-temps)". Paris, ENMP, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ENMP0247.
Texto completoMaginier, Sylvain. "Le filtrage des défauts dans l'analyse de la sécurité dynamique en temps réel des grands réseaux électriques". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00820621.
Texto completoMaginier, Sylvain. "Le filtrage des défauts dans l'analyse de la sécurité dynamique en temps réel des grands réseaux électriques". Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0168.
Texto completoOn-line dynamic security analysis is very difficult to realize because of the numerous calculations necessary in just a few minutes. Until now, no methods hâve been able to accomplish this task. In this context, contingency screening is very important because it allows reducing significantly the number of calculations. The scope of this study has been to realize contingency screening with existing transient stability analysis methods. First, the main transient stability analysis methods hâve been studied and tested with four power Systems. Subsequently, the most efficient methods hâve been modified and improved to increase their speed, reliability and accuracy, Following thèse modifications, two new dynamic security analysis methods hâve been designed. The first method allows a quick and accurate détermination of the power System stability. The second method allows the précise CCT calculation within a few simulations. From thèse two methods which hâve complementary characteristics, a multi-level contingency screening method has been proposed. This screening method is reliable, accurate and fast
Jridi, Maher. "Etude, Modélisation et Amélioration des Performances desConvertisseurs Analogique Numérique Entrelacés dans le Temps". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00298981.
Texto completoKenne, Godpromesse. "Méthodes d'identification pour des systèmes non linéaires avec paramètres variant dans le temps : application aux machines tournantes à induction". Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112146.
Texto completoThis dissertation deals with on-line identification of nonlinear systems with time-varying parameters. The algorithms developed here are potentially useful for the design of the drives that can adjust controller parameters automatically. Another possible application is for the detection of failure. Two approaches have been designed. The first approach is based on the sliding mode observer (SMO). Two identification schemes using this approach have been investigated for electrical parameters and rotor flux estimation of an induction motor. The first and the second scheme are based respectively on the dynamical law and algebraic law which converge in finite time. The simulation and expenmental results have been compared to the results obtained using the recursive least square methods (RLSM). The methods based on the SMO are more robust with respect to parameters uncertainties, measures noises and are more easily implementable than the RLSM method. The second approach is based on the radial basis function neuronal predictor. We proposed parameters estimation scheme using this predictor for a large class of nonlinear systems with time-varying parameters. This method has been combined with high-gain observer to estimate electrical parameters and rotor speed of a three phase induction motor. The method can also be applied to the design of the mot or drives in sensorless control. Real-time implementation results obtained using both approaches show the fast convergence of the estimates to their true values and the robustness of both approaches with respect to time-varying parameters, measures noises, parameters and model uncertainties and sampling effects
Ariba, Yassine. "Sur la stabilité des systèmes à retards variant dans le temps : théorie et application au contrôle de congestion d'un routeur". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00442454.
Texto completoBouchired, Steven. "Égalisation de canaux non-linéaires variant dans le temps à l'aide des réseaux de neurones : application au canal satellite mobile". Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT044H.
Texto completoOster, Julien. "Traitement en temps réel des signaux électrophysiologiques acquis dans un environnement d'imagerie par résonance magnétique". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10117/document.
Texto completoElectrocardiogram (ECG) is required during Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), for patient monitoring and for the synchronization of MRI acquisitions and heart activity. The MRI environment, due to its three characteristic physic components, highly disturbs ECG signals. For instance, the magnetic field gradients strongly complicate the ECG analysis in a non conventional manner. The development of specific signal processing tools is thus required. Existing methods, whether QRS detector or denoising techniques, do not accurately process these signals. A database of ECG acquired in MRI has been built, enabling the development of new processing techniques and their evaluation by using the folllowing two criteria : the cardiac beat detection quality and the signal to noise ratio estimated specifically on these particular recordings. A QRS detector, processing the noisy ECG signals, has been proposed. This technique is based on the singularity detection and characterisation provided by the wavelet modulus maximum lines. This detector provides helpful information on cardiac rhythm, for the development of novel techniques with a statistical approach. A new denoising method based on independent component analysis has been presented. This technique takes only advantage of the ECG signals. Two Bayesian based denoising methods, unifying two models (of ECG and gradient artifacts) in one state-space formulation have been proposed. Bayesian filtering has also been suggested for cardiac rhythm prediction, in order to improve the synchronization strategy
M'Halla, Anis. "Contribution à la gestion des perturbations dans les systèmes manufacturiers à contraintes de temps". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00612819.
Texto completoChafouk, Hicham. "Caractérisation des régimes transitoires dans les procédés thermiques : application aux échangeurs de chaleur". Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUES042.
Texto completoOur research concern the comprehension and the improvement of characterization methods of transient heat transfer in heat exchangers. The application of the method of MacCormack allowed the numerical study of transient response of the system for variations in temperature and flow at the input. One of the principal results of our research consists on the determination of a relationship between dynamics and the two fluids velocities. The ratio of these time-constants varies linearly according to final adimensional velocity V*∞ : τ*fs=(αcoV*+ßco)τ*cs. In the case of the configuration Co-current, the identification of the characteristics of this linearly showed that the values of αco and ßco are close to αco=2/3 and ßco=1/3. The analytical expressions of these parameters were proposed in the case of counter current heat exchanger. This property of convexity allows the analytical characterization of time constants for co-current heat exchangers in the case of hot fluid flow variations. Those expressions of time constants were used in the application of Kalman Observer to correct the prediction and correction of temperatures. This method has the advantage of predicting the fluid temperatures and their corrections without using any iterative methods
Djeddi, Mounir. "Approches pour l'analyse des signaux à phase polynomiale dans un environnement non gaussien". Paris 11, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010277.
Texto completoPolynomial phase signals (PPS) have found use in many area of engineering such as in radar and communication. The main problem is to estimate the parameters of such signals. Many research works have been conducted in the last decade and led to the development of various algorithms based on different mathematical tools such as time-frequency, subspace methods, High order statistics and Kalman filtering. Though, these methods have proven to perform well in estimating the signal parameters, they assume that the noise is Gaussian. The research work presented in the thesis deals with the analysis of PPS in non Gaussian environment. In this context, the noise is considered to have either an alpha-stable distribution, or epsilon-contaminated model. Three approaches of estimation are explored. The first method concerns robust time-frequency analysis of PPS, we propose to integrate the fractional lower statistics in the kernel of the polynomial phase Wigner-Ville Distribution to obtain a robust time-frequency distribution able to reveal the instantaneous frequency of the PPS. The second approach, deals with robust subspace method based on the MUSIC estimator using the covariation matrix, we propose a modified MUSIC algorithm which is able to track the values of the coefficients of the phase. Finally, using the nonlinear state space model of PPS, we explore the use of the Kalman filter for robust estimation of PPS in epsilon-contaminated noise. In this context, three types of Kalman filters are proposed: The robust extended Kalman filter, the parallel extended Kalman filter. To avoid linearization an alternative method is proposed based on parallel unscented Kalman filters
Kassab, Randa. "Analyse des propriétés stationnaires et des propriétés émergentes dans les flux d'information changeant au cours du temps". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10027/document.
Texto completoMany applications produce and receive continuous, unlimited, and high-speed data streams. This raises obvious problems of storage, treatment and analysis of data, which are only just beginning to be treated in the domain of data streams. On the one hand, it is a question of treating data streams on the fly without having to memorize all the data. On the other hand, it is also a question of analyzing, in a simultaneous and concurrent manner, the regularities inherent in the data stream as well as the novelties, exceptions, or changes occurring in this stream over time. The main contribution of this thesis concerns the development of a new machine learning approach - called ILoNDF - which is based on novelty detection principle. The learning of this model is, contrary to that of its former self, driven not only by the novelty part in the input data but also by the data itself. Thereby, ILoNDF can continuously extract new knowledge relating to the relative frequencies of the data and their variables. This makes it more robust against noise. Being operated in an on-line mode without repeated training, ILoNDF can further address the primary challenges for managing data streams. Firstly, we focus on the study of ILoNDF's behavior for one-class classification when dealing with high-dimensional noisy data. This study enabled us to highlight the pure learning capacities of ILoNDF with respect to the key classification methods suggested until now. Next, we are particularly involved in the adaptation of ILoNDF to the specific context of information filtering. Our goal is to set up user-oriented filtering strategies rather than system-oriented in following two types of directions. The first direction concerns user modeling relying on the model ILoNDF. This provides a new way of looking at user's need in terms of specificity, exhaustivity and contradictory profile-contributing criteria. These criteria go on to estimate the relative importance the user might attach to precision and recall. The filtering threshold can then be adjusted taking into account this knowledge about user's need. The second direction, complementary to the first one, concerns the refinement of ILoNDF's functionality in order to confer it the capacity of tracking drifting user's need over time. Finally, we consider the generalization of our previous work to the case where streaming data can be divided into multiple classes
Padilla, Arturo. "Identification récursive de systèmes continus à paramètres variables dans le temps". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0119/document.
Texto completoThe work presented in this thesis deals with the identification of dynamic systems represented through continuous-time linear models with slowly time-varying parameters. The complexity of the identification problem comes on the one hand from the unknown character of the parameter variations and on the other hand from the presence of noises of unknown nature on the measured signals. The proposed solutions rely on a judicious combination of the Kalman filter assuming that the variations of the parameters can be represented in the form of a random walk, and the method of the instrumental variable which has the advantage of being robust with respect to the nature of the measurement noises. The recursive algorithms are developed in an open-loop and closed-loop identification setting. The different variants are distinguished by the way in which the instrumental variable is built. Inspired by the solution developed for time-invariant linear systems, an adaptive construction of the instrumental variable is suggested in order to be able to follow the evolution of the parameters as well as possible. The performance of the developed methods are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations and show the supremacy of the proposed solutions based on the instrumental variable compared with the more classical least squares based approaches. The practical aspects and implementation issues are of paramount importance to obtain a good performance when these estimators are used. These aspects are studied in detail and several solutions are proposed not only to robustify the estimators with respect to the choice of hyperparameters but also with respect to their numerical implementation. The algorithms developed have enhanced the functions of the CONTSID toolbox for Matlab. Finally, the developed estimators are considered in order to track parameters of two physical systems: a benchmark available in the literature consisting of a bandpass electronic filter and a throttle valve equipping the car engines. Both applications show the potential of the proposed approaches to track physical parameters that vary slowly over time
M'halla, Anis. "Contribution à la gestion des perturbations dans les systèmes manufacturiers à contraintes de temps". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ECLI0008/document.
Texto completoThe works proposed in this thesis are interested in controlling and monitoring of a particular class of production system : manufacturing job-shops with time constraints. We suppose in the study that the resources are allocated and the operations order is fixed by the module of planning/scheduling. The assumptions of repetitive functioning mode with and without assembling tasks are adopted. For this type of problems, the formalism of P-time Petri nets is used in order to study the operations time constraints.A study of the robustness of the manufacturing workshop to time constraints, has been developed. The robustness is approached with and without control reaction qualified as active robustness and passive robustness respectively, towards time disturbances. A computing algorithm of the upper bound of the passive robustness is presented. In addition, three robust control strategies facing time disturbances were developed.Furthermore, uncertainty in manufacturing systems has been studied. Our contribution in this context is by integration of the analytical knowledge of the robustness in the filtering mechanism of sensors signals that are associated to operations, by using fuzzy logic.Starting from a controlled system, we have presented in detail, a method to be followed for the implementation of a monitoring model based on the chronicles and fuzzy fault tree analysis. This approach is applied to a milk production unit
Harsan, Horea. "Analyse cyclique de sécurité : approche temps réel et intégration dans la gestion prévisionnelle". Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0166.
Texto completoKassab, Randa. "Analyse des propriétés stationnaires et des propriétés émergentes dans les flux d'informations changeant au cours du temps". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00402644.
Texto completoL'apport de ce travail de thèse réside principalement dans le développement d'un modèle d'apprentissage - nommé ILoNDF - fondé sur le principe de la détection de nouveauté. L'apprentissage de ce modèle est, contrairement à sa version de départ, guidé non seulement par la nouveauté qu'apporte une donnée d'entrée mais également par la donnée elle-même. De ce fait, le modèle ILoNDF peut acquérir constamment de nouvelles connaissances relatives aux fréquences d'occurrence des données et de leurs variables, ce qui le rend moins sensible au bruit. De plus, doté d'un fonctionnement en ligne sans répétition d'apprentissage, ce modèle répond aux exigences les plus fortes liées au traitement des flux de données.
Dans un premier temps, notre travail se focalise sur l'étude du comportement du modèle ILoNDF dans le cadre général de la classification à partir d'une seule classe en partant de l'exploitation des données fortement multidimensionnelles et bruitées. Ce type d'étude nous a permis de mettre en évidence les capacités d'apprentissage pures du modèle ILoNDF vis-à-vis de l'ensemble des méthodes proposées jusqu'à présent. Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement à l'adaptation fine du modèle au cadre précis du filtrage d'informations. Notre objectif est de mettre en place une stratégie de filtrage orientée-utilisateur plutôt qu'orientée-système, et ceci notamment en suivant deux types de directions. La première direction concerne la modélisation utilisateur à l'aide du modèle ILoNDF. Cette modélisation fournit une nouvelle manière de regarder le profil utilisateur en termes de critères de spécificité, d'exhaustivité et de contradiction. Ceci permet, entre autres, d'optimiser le seuil de filtrage en tenant compte de l'importance que pourrait donner l'utilisateur à la précision et au rappel. La seconde direction, complémentaire de la première, concerne le raffinement des fonctionnalités du modèle ILoNDF en le dotant d'une capacité à s'adapter à la dérive du besoin de l'utilisateur au cours du temps. Enfin, nous nous attachons à la généralisation de notre travail antérieur au cas où les données arrivant en flux peuvent être réparties en classes multiples.
Zhang, Tingting. "Finite Memory Observer Design for Continuous-Time Nonlinear Systems with Discrete-Time Measurements : application to diagnosis". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourges, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ISAB0006.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to design a nonlinear observer as a diagnostic tool for continuous-time nonlinear systems with discrete-time measurements. We begin with the study of some observability notions concerning the considered nonlinear systems, following by the presents of three typical optimization-based nonlinear observers and observer-based diagnostic methods. Inspired by the existing approaches, a finite memory observer is then designed for a class of nonlinear systems in the presence of both process and measurement noises in order to perform fault detection and isolation of sensor and actuator faults. In the second part, a nonlinear observer based on augmented model is then designed to simultaneously estimate both system states and unknown inputs. The robustness with respect to the diverse noises is studied, as well as the study of the minimum amplitude of fault for the detection. The EWMA algorithm was also introduced and analyzed for its performance in detection. Multiple simultaneous faults are also detected and identified in this part. At the end of this thesis, a finite memory observer is designed for the nonlinear time-varying systems on the basis of the fundamental synthesis for linear time-varying systems
Belhadj, Naoufel. "Variations par temps de pluie des débits dans les réseaux d'eaux usées de type séparatif : Identification des composantes et modélisation des infiltrations". Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9435.
Texto completoThe present concern about urban storm drainage and pollution control should not apply to separate foul water sewerage. However, flowrates that can be monitored at the outlets of such sewerage display huge variations along with rainfall, very much alike the ones related with combined systems. Inappropriate connexions of runoff water are not the sole explanation for such a behaviour, and infiltration is to be considered. Leaking defects, included the ones located on private properties, involve rather complex mechanisms which result in drainage of large flows into the collection pipes. These flows can reach high values whatever timescale is considered (yearly, daily and even hourly flowrates). But these flowrates cannot be easily quatify, because they depend not only on rainfall events, but also on what happened before, and on the season. So we developped a mathematical model to simulate these flowrates, and validated this model using field data and sensibility analysis. This model should be a valuable tool for sewer evaluation studies
Jiang, Wei. "Contrôle de la formation et du confinement variable dans le temps et entièrement distribué pour les systèmes multi-agents/ multi-robots". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECLI0016/document.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the time-varying formation and containment control for linear time-invariant multi-agent systems with heterogeneity considering constant / time-varying input / output delays and matched / mismatched disturbances under directed and fixed communication topology. New formats of time-varying formation shapes for homogeneous and heterogeneous systems are proposed. The controllers, which are designed based on predictive and adaptive techniques with observer technique, are fully distributed and can be applied to large-scale systems. The application on linearized heterogeneous multi mobile robot systems is verified
Belhadj, Naoufel. "Variations par temps de pluie des débits dans les réseaux d'eaux usées de type séparatif : identification des composantes et modélisation des infiltrations". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529364.
Texto completoDjeddi, Mounir. "APPROCHES POUR L'ANALYSE DES SIGNAUX A PHASE POLYNOMIALE DANS UN ENVIRONNEMENT NON GAUSSIEN". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010277.
Texto completoTian, Yang. "Une contribution à l'observation et à l'estimation des systèmes linéaires". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00590376.
Texto completoGranjon, Pierre. "Contribution à la compensation active des vibrations des machines électriques". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00101286.
Texto completodes courants de commande additionnels afin d'engendrer des forces radiales sur le stator. Celui-ci répond alors par des vibrations additionnelles qui interagissent avec les vibrations naturelles de la machine. Le but de ce
système de contrôle actif est donc de calculer la valeur ”optimale” de ces courants, permettant de minimiser la puissance des signaux vibratoires au niveau de capteurs accéléromètriques fixés à la périphérie du stator.
Dans un premier temps, la modélisation du transfert situé entre les commandes et les contre-vibrations engendrées conduit à un système linéaire et variant périodiquement dans le temps (LVPT). La fréquence fondamentale de ses variations est alors proportionnelle à la fréquence de rotation de la machine.
Après avoir montré l'insuffisance des méthodes classiques de contrôle actif pour cette application, une étude théorique détaillée des systèmes LVPT est réalisée. Elle conduit à la définition d'une matrice de transfert, jouant le même rôle que la fonction de transfert classique employée pour les systèmes linéaires et invariants dans le temps. Cette matrice permet d'écrire simplement la relation entre les entrées et les sorties du système
considéré dans le domaine fréquentiel.
Finalement, les résultats précédents sont utilisés afin de déterminer l'expression optimale des courants de commande minimisant la puissance des signaux de vibrations mesurés. Un algorithme récursif permet également de converger vers cet optimum, et de prendre en compte d'éventuelles variations des perturbations vibratoires à éliminer. Divers résultats, obtenus sur des signaux synthétiques puis sur des signaux vibratoires réels, illustrent les performances obtenues par ce système de contrôle actif. Il permet une réduction significative des vibrations
synchrones au phénomène de rotation, sans pour autant modifier les caractéristiques des autres. Enfin, son implantation en temps-réel dans un processeur numérique de traitement de signal est discutée et réalisée.
Manrique, Espindola Dolly Tatiana. "Commande optimale d’une voiture électrique à faible consommation sous contraintes temps réel". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0198/document.
Texto completoIn the field of transportation, the research on energy efficiency has been carried out for few decades by the automotive industry, where one of the main objectives is to reduce the energetic consumption. This particular problem can be rephrased as how the vehicle must be driven so that the minimum quantity of energy is used. This is the optimal driving strategy. In this project, a suitable model of the Vir'volt electric vehicle involved in the European Shell Eco-Marathon is obtained. The unknown parameters involved in the vehicle dynamics are estimated using Parameter identification from experimental data. The identified dynamics is used to derive an optimal driving strategy that is intended to be tracked on-line during the driving task. The tracking task is subject to time-varying polytopic constraint on the input and/or the state. A MPC-based tracking strategy that uses an homothetic transformation as a suitable time-varying invariant set is used. The time-varying invariant set guarantees the asymptotic stability of the control law. The problem of the MPC tracking for Linear Parametric Varying (LPV) systems is introduced. A new explicit MPC strategy for LPV systems is developed. This strategy uses a Parameter dependent Lyapunov Function (PDLF) to involve explicitly the time-varying parameter in the control law and so it reduces conservatism. A benchmark is used to test the performances of the optimal driving strategy and the explicit MPC tracking strategy. Finally, a robust adaptive technique with on-line identification of the dynamics is has been proposed and tested in the race showing good performances of the adaptive driving strategy
Malrait, François. "Problèmes d'identification et d'observabilité du moteur à induction pour la variation de vitesse industrielle "sans capteur"". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2001. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001711.
Texto completoDenis, Benoît. "Exploitation des Capacités de Radiolocalisation des Transmissions Ultra-Large Bande dans les Réseaux Sans-Fil". Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508437.
Texto completoGranjon, Pierre. "Contribution à la compensation active des vibrations des machines électriques". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0139.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to elaborate an active control system of rotating machine vibrations. It is based on additional currents supplying the stator coils of the machine. They generate radial forces on the stator frame, and finally create additional vibrations which interact with the machine ones. Therefore, the aim of this system is to process the optimal value of the input currents, in order to minimize the vibration signals power measured on the stator frame by several accelerometers. First, the transfer function between the input currrents and the engendered vibrations is modelized by a linear and periodically time-varying (LPTV) system. Moreover, its fondamental frequency is shown proportional to the machine rotating frequency. Applied to the present problem, classical active control methods reach middling performance, a theoritical study of LPTV systems is thus realized. It leads to the definition of a transfer matrix, having the same properties than the classical transfer function used for linear and time-invariant systems. By using this matrix, a simple frequency relation can be obtained linking inputs and outputs of a LPTV system. Then, previous results are used to determine the optimal value of the input currents minimizing the power of the measured vibration signals. Moreover, an adaptive algorithm permits to reach this optimum and to take into account some potential variations of the vibratory disturbances. The performance obtained by this processing are illustrated thanks to simulations on synthetic and real data. The synchronous vibrations with the machine rotation are significantly reduced, unlike the asynchronous ones, which are left unchanged. The real-time implementation of this algorithm is finally described and realized thanks to a digital signal processor
Jha, Mayank Shekhar. "Diagnostic et Pronostic de Systèmes Dynamiques Incertains dans un contexte Bond Graph". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECLI0027/document.
Texto completoThis thesis develops the approaches for diagnostics and prognostics of uncertain dynamic systems in Bond Graph (BG) modeling framework. Firstly, properties of Interval Arithmetic (IA) and BG in Linear Fractional Transformation, are integrated for representation of parametric and measurement uncertainties on an uncertain BG model. Robust fault detection methodology is developed by utilizing the rules of IA for the generation of adaptive interval valued thresholds over the nominal residuals. The method is validated in real time on an uncertain and highly complex steam generator system.Secondly, a novel hybrid prognostic methodology is developed using BG derived Analytical Redundancy Relationships and Particle Filtering algorithms. Estimations of the current state of health of a system parameter and the associated hidden parameters are achieved in probabilistic terms. Prediction of the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of the system parameter is also achieved in probabilistic terms. The associated uncertainties arising out of noisy measurements, environmental conditions etc. are effectively managed to produce a reliable prediction of RUL with suitable confidence bounds. The method is validated in real time on an uncertain mechatronic system.Thirdly, the prognostic methodology is validated and implemented on the electrical electro-chemical subsystem of an industrial Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell. A BG of the latter is utilized which is suited for diagnostics and prognostics. The hybrid prognostic methodology is validated, involving real degradation data sets
Giraldo, Zuluaga Jhony Heriberto. "Graph-based Algorithms in Computer Vision, Machine Learning, and Signal Processing". Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS037.
Texto completoGraph representation learning and its applications have gained significant attention in recent years. Notably, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Graph Signal Processing (GSP) have been extensively studied. GNNs extend the concepts of convolutional neural networks to non-Euclidean data modeled as graphs. Similarly, GSP extends the concepts of classical digital signal processing to signals supported on graphs. GNNs and GSP have numerous applications such as semi-supervised learning, point cloud semantic segmentation, prediction of individual relations in social networks, modeling proteins for drug discovery, image, and video processing. In this thesis, we propose novel approaches in video and image processing, GNNs, and recovery of time-varying graph signals. Our main motivation is to use the geometrical information that we can capture from the data to avoid data hungry methods, i.e., learning with minimal supervision. All our contributions rely heavily on the developments of GSP and spectral graph theory. In particular, the sampling and reconstruction theory of graph signals play a central role in this thesis. The main contributions of this thesis are summarized as follows: 1) we propose new algorithms for moving object segmentation using concepts of GSP and GNNs, 2) we propose a new algorithm for weakly-supervised semantic segmentation using hypergraph neural networks, 3) we propose and analyze GNNs using concepts from GSP and spectral graph theory, and 4) we introduce a novel algorithm based on the extension of a Sobolev smoothness function for the reconstruction of time-varying graph signals from discrete samples
Hijazi, Hussein. "Estimation de canal radio-mobile à évolution rapide dans les systèmes à modulation OFMD". Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00373806.
Texto completorécepteurs OFDM à grande mobilité en liaison descendante. Notre démarche est d'estimer les paramètres de propagation du canal physique tels que les retards et les variations temporelles des gains complexes du canal à trajet multiples, au lieu du canal discret équivalent. Nous avons développé une approximation à base de polynôme pour l'évolution des gains complexes d'un canal multi-trajet de type Rayleigh avec un spectre de Jakes. En se basant sur cette modélisation polynomiale, nous avons présenté une étude théorique sur les Bornes de Cramér-Rao Bayésiennes (BCRBs) pour l'estimation des gains complexes du canal, en supposant les délais des trajets connus. Enfin, nous avons développé et analysé trois algorithmes itératifs d'estimation des variations temporelles des gains complexes (à l'intérieur d'un symbole OFDM) et de suppression d'IEP pour des récepteurs à grande mobilité. Les deux premiers sont basés sur l'interpolation (passe-bas ou polynomiale) des valeurs moyennes estimées et sur un égaliseur SSI. Ils ont montré de bonnes performances pour des récepteurs à vitesses modérées (i.e., fd.T <= 0.1). Le troisième algorithme est basé sur une modélisation AR et un filtre de Kalman pour estimer les coefficients polynomiaux des gains complexes, et sur un égaliseur QR. Il a fait preuve de bonnes performances pour des récepteurs à vitesses très élevées (i.e. , fd.T> 0.1).
Aouani, Nedia. "Commande Robuste des systèmes Linéaires continus à Paramètres Variant dans le temps". Phd thesis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00704558.
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